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Academic literature on the topic 'Non-spatial conflicts'
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Journal articles on the topic "Non-spatial conflicts"
1
Chen, Ziyu, Xiufeng Chen, Ruicong Wang, and Mengyuan Gao. "Characterization of Pedestrian Crossing Spatial Violations and Safety Impact Analysis in Advance Right-Turn Lane." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 15 (2022): 9134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159134.
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In view of the pedestrian space violation in an advance right-turn lane, the pedestrian crossing paths are divided by collecting the temporal and spatial information of pedestrians and motor vehicles, and the characteristics of different pedestrian crossing behaviors are studied. Combined with the time and speed indicators of conflict severity, the K-means method is used to divide the level of conflict severity. A multivariate ordered logistic regression model of the severity of pedestrian–vehicle conflict was constructed to quantify the effects of different factors on the severity of the pedestrian–vehicle conflict. The study of 1388 pedestrians and the resulting pedestrian–vehicle conflicts found that the type of spatial violation has a significant impact on pedestrian crossing behavior and safety. The average crossing speed and acceleration variation values of spatially violated pedestrians were significantly higher than those of other pedestrians; there is a significant increase in the severity of pedestrian–vehicle conflicts in areas close to the oncoming traffic; the average percentage of pedestrian–vehicle conflicts due to spatial violations increased by 12%, and the percentage of serious conflicts due to each type of spatial violation increased from 18% to 87%, 74%, 30%, and 63%, respectively, compared with those of non-violated pedestrians. In addition, the decrease in the number of lanes and the increase in speed and vehicle reach all lead to an increase in the severity of pedestrian–vehicle conflicts. The results of the study will help traffic authorities to take measures to ensure pedestrian crossing safety.
2
Akabua, Kojo M., Wiktor L. Adamowicz, and Peter C. Boxall. "Spatial non-timber valuation decision support systems." Forestry Chronicle 76, no. 2 (2000): 319–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc76319-2.
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Decision support systems (DSS) can be useful tools for facilitating the application of complex economic models. Two examples of DSSs are used to illustrate the application of non-market valuation models that have been developed to estimate the economic value, as well as the level of participation, of recreational moose hunting in Newfoundland and Alberta. DSSs may be useful tools for foresters, biologists, tourist boards and economic development agencies to understand conflicts between industrial operations and other forest uses. Key words: non-timber valuation, decision support system, recreationists, databases.
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Ioannou, Byron, Lora Nicolaou, Konstantinos Serraos, and Georgia Spiliopoulou. "Large Urban Developments as Non-Planning Products: Conflicts and Threats for Spatial Planning." Urban Planning 4, no. 4 (2019): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v4i4.2266.
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The article approaches different concepts of Large Urban Developments (LUDs) as products of the notion of a “spatial fix” (Harvey, 2001), which explains why built or natural environments can be deployed in the process of creating opportunities for new investments. Greece and Cyprus are two countries in the south of the European Union that underwent delayed urbanisation and significant land fragmentation in the form of small size private ownerships and with limited experience in comprehensive development. Greece has adopted a well-structured but complex spatial planning system, bureaucratic with limited effectiveness, adaptability or flexibility of delivery processes. On the other hand, Cyprus has a flexible but centralized system, effective in processing change but problematic in regulating quality in the built environment. Both countries recently experienced major financial crises. In the early 2010s, both governments promoted, as part of an economic recovery policy, extensive real estate development on public or privately-owned land with emphasis on LUDs as ways of addressing economic shortfalls. Inappropriately, LUDs have been primarily “conceived” as opportunities to attract foreign investments rather than a means of tackling crucial current deficiencies. New spatial planning frameworks merely add greater “flexibility” to the system in order to accelerate large private real estate investment. The article attempts to reveal, through case studies’ reviews, the impact of LUDs in countries with no infrastructure or experience in accommodating large-scale investment. It explores how the experience in Greece and Cyprus differs in terms of the relevant legislation adopted, the effectiveness in fulfilling its primary objective in attracting investment, and what are the possible social and environmental consequences on the planning acquis.
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Cidrás, Diego, Rubén-Camilo Lois-González, and Valerià Paül. "Rural Governance against Eucalyptus Expansion in Galicia (NW Iberian Peninsula)." Sustainability 10, no. 10 (2018): 3396. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10103396.
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Researchers, planners, and decision makers admit the need to take into account the social conflicts inherent to invasive species management in order to minimize controversy. These conflicts are mainly based on differences in values systems, thus causing antithetical policies in environmental management. On the topic of Eucalyptus plantations, this paper studies two cases in Galicia, a region under an emerging social fight between advocates and opponents: firstly, we analyze a local community that is progressively eradicating Eucalyptus through the principles of ecological restoration; and secondly, a planning initiative led by a local government with. In order to set the spatial and social dimensions of the conflict, the methodological approach is based on the components of cognitive hierarchy theory and risk perception theory. The results are discussed with the purpose of examining to what extent the case studies imply a new model of rural governance, and in this respect, are transferrable to other situations. We conclude that institutional non-interference in Eucalyptus management facilitates the emergence of diverse new governance practices in the local scale but endures the conflict in its regional dimension.
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Yusuf, M., Faizah Bafadhal, and Maratun Saadah. "Tourism And Conflict : The Empirical Study Of Sipin Lake Development, Jambi City." Jurnal Pamator : Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Trunojoyo 16, no. 1 (2023): 173–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/pamator.v16i1.19603.
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The purpose of this paper is to analyze the causes of conflict and propose alternative conflict resolution in tourism development. Although this sector experienced a significant growth and was able to encourage economic growth at various levels, its management faces governance challenges for instance conflicts of interest that occur in the Sipin lake area. This area constructed in 2017 which is designated as a tourist area based on regional regulations spatial plan of Jambi city. The data is obtained from various field information through in-depth interviews, observations and various sources which then it is systematically coded to find the meaning behind the phenomena that occur. This paper reveals that conflict in development of tourism objects is triggered by the planning and implementing non-participatory regional development and differences in orientation among the actors involved. The management of an area of ± 161 ha is not maximum managed, and this can be seen from the management of the area that is not well-organized and untidy. This paper underlines that tourism conflicts can occur due to various things that result in poor tourism management so that the potential to reduce the number of visitors.
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Harris, Elizabeth J. "Utilizing the Theology of Religions and Human Geography to Understand the Spatial Dimension of Religion and Conflict." Religions 13, no. 6 (2022): 496. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel13060496.
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This paper argues for an interdisciplinary approach within the study of religion and conflict. Using a religious studies framework, it demonstrates that tools from human geography, peace studies, and the theology of religions can be used to shed light on the intractability of conflicts where religion is not “innocent”. Within human geography, the spatial dimension of individual and communal identity, most particularly the concept of “mythical space”, can illuminate the non-empirical, affective factors that condition attitudes to religious and ethnic others. Similarly, within the theology of religions, the typology of exclusivism, inclusivism, and pluralism can aid understanding of tendencies within all human communities, religious and non-religious, when faced with perceived threats from significant others. Two case studies, Sri Lanka and Israel/Palestine, are examined through this interdisciplinary approach, using illustrative “moments” within each conflict. Both highlight the affective power of primal imaginaries that are informed by narratives about religion, land, and identity. Without dismissing the importance of political and economic factors in the arising of conflict, this paper argues that it is not enough to analyse these factors alone. Other disciplines are necessary and this paper argues for two important examples: human geography and the theology of religions.
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Kronenburg García, Angela. "Territorial Conflicts, Agency and the Strategic Appropriation of Interventions in Kenya’s Southern Drylands." Sustainability 10, no. 11 (2018): 4156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10114156.
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A number of scholars have noted that interventions, such as development programmes and climate change adaptation projects, that simplify complex social realities and thus lose sight of the relational dynamics beyond the target or beneficiary group, risk contributing to conflict. This article examines how a series of interventions in a particular dryland area in southern Kenya became embroiled in a long-running territorial conflict between the Loita Maasai (the beneficiary community) and their neighbours, the non-beneficiary Purko Maasai. Based on ethnographic research and by taking a historical perspective, it shows how Loita Maasai leaders systematically appropriated these outside interventions, used and reworked them with the strategic aim of stopping land loss to ongoing Purko encroachment. The analysis reveals two ways in which Loita leaders realized this: (a) by using interventions to stake out spatial claims to land; and (b) by capitalizing on the tendency of interventions to simplify local contexts. This article contributes to the debate on the linkages between intervention and conflict by highlighting the agency of intervention beneficiaries and showing that, through their actions, interventions may unwittingly reproduce and even aggravate existing conflicts.
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Neswati, Risma, Sumbangan Baja, Samsu Arif, and Hasni Hasni. "Dryland land-use conflicts in humid tropics: an analysis using geographic information systems and land capability evaluations." SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology 17, no. 1 (2020): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/stjssa.v17i1.37824.
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<p>This study analyses land-use conflicts in specific dryland agricultural areas in relatively dry humid tropics based on the Regional Spatial Land Use Planning Regulations and land-capability evaluation. This research was conducted in the Regency of Jeneponto, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The observation site was chosen based on several maps overlapping to produce 30 land units spread across 14 land systems in Jeneponto. This study integrates ground surveys and geographic information systems technology. The land capability analysis used a simple approach factor, according to United States Department of Agriculture definitions. The results indicate that land capability was dominated by Class IV, which covered 35,133 ha or 63.1%. Class VI covered 12,581 ha or 22.6%, Class III covered up to 4,378 ha or 7.9%, and Class VIII covered 3,130 ha or 5.6%. Class VII covered only 486 hectares, or 0.9%, the smallest area. These results indicate that the dryland area which had become a land-use conflict was delineated by Regional Spatial Land Use Planning Regulations. The drylands found in Jeneponto cover 22,214 ha or 39.9%, which has been divided into two: an area where non-dryland agriculture was converted into dryland farming (16,503 hectares, or 29.6%), and an area where dryland-farming was converted into non-agricultural dryland area (5,711 hectares, or 10.3%). Interviews with 50 farmers in the study location revealed factors that had changed agricultural dryland use into non-agricultural dryland use; lower incomes due to decreased soil fertility was a crucial factor.</p>
9
Shamsuddoha, Mohammad, and M. Abdul Aziz. "Human-Elephant interactions and associated damage in the northern transboundary areas of Bangladesh." Our Nature 19, no. 1 (2021): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/on.v19i1.41213.
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We have studied human-elephant interactions in the northern transboundary of Bangladesh and estimated the scale of associated damage due to the negative interaction by visiting conflict area, performing focus group discussions key informant interviews and using secondary data sources. Around 70-80 non-resident elephants regularly intruded to the study area through the international border fence using several trespassing points and engaged in conflicts with frontier villagers. We discussed the nature and scale of conflict and the financial losses due to the conflict. Besides severe casualties in both ends, the enumerated economic loss was USD 1,171, 665 in 2013 and 2014 due to the damage to cropland, houses and properties, trees and orchards. We have identified major human-elephant conflict (HEC) zones adjacent to the border fence through spatial analysis with different level of intensity. Appropriate human-elephant conflict mitigation measures such as habitat improvement and management, monitoring of elephant population, alternative income generation, awareness programs for the local people and working together with India regarding this issue is a timely and urgent need for Bangladesh
10
Zhukova, Ekatherina. "Foreign aid and identity after the Chernobyl nuclear disaster: How Belarus shapes relations with Germany, Europe, Russia, and Japan." Cooperation and Conflict 52, no. 4 (2017): 485–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010836717710529.
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This article looks at how Belarus, the most affected state by the Chernobyl nuclear disaster, discursively constructs cooperation with foreign countries that provide help in combating the consequences of the tragedy. It shows that different representations of foreign actors handling the prolonged consequences of the Chernobyl nuclear disaster contribute to developing new friendships (with Japan), questioning existing cooperation (with Russia), and softening old (with Germany) and current (with Europe) conflicts in Belarus. The article makes a contribution to three debates in identity literature in constructivist International Relations: (a) identity and foreign policy; (b) the ‘voice’ and agency of the ‘Rest’; and (c) identity and difference. It is argued that when small non-Western states (help receivers) construct an ethical identity of bigger Western and non-Western states (help providers), they challenge the existing temporal and spatial identities of old strangers, enemies, and friends and create a new platform for conflict and cooperation.