Relevant bibliographies by topics / Non-Spherical shape

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
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Academic literature on the topic 'Non-Spherical shape'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Non-Spherical shape"

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Chand, R., R. Hadj Lajimi, S. Uddin, S. Meghwar, U. Farooq, and N. Rekik. "Numerical Simulations on Mixing Dynamics of Spherical and Non-Spherical Tablets in a Pan Coater." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 9, no. 6 (December 1, 2019): 5029–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.3178.

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Discrete element simulations provide valuable insight into the mixing dynamics of granular materials in industry. In this paper, numerical work is conducted in order to find the influence of pan rotational velocity and particle shape on mixing behavior. Four types of particles of different shapes were chosen: spherical, non-spherical type 1 (disk shape), non-spherical type 2 (capsule shape), and non-spherical type 3 (triangular shape). The pan mixer was filled with ~ 30 % volume of the same shape with the particles and was rotated at 15 RPM, 30 RPM, 45 RPM, and 60 RPM. The particles were colored as bottom-particles, middle-particles, and top-particles in order to visualize mixing efficiency. The homogeneity of the mixtures was determined by using contact dynamics of particles. The results show that fast-rotating pan (30-60 RPM) provides good mixing for all shapes of particles. However, non-spherical particles do not show as good mixing as spherical particles.
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Santos, Elias Gomes, Luiz Carlos da Silva Carvalho, André Luiz Amarante Mesquita, Luiz Moreira Gomes, Kelvin Alves Pinheiro, and Alexandre Luiz Amarante Mesquita. "Discrete element modeling of non-spherical particles using a spherical shape." REM - International Engineering Journal 73, no. 3 (September 2020): 361–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0370-44672019730101.

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Watanabe, Chihiro, and Ryoichi Monzen. "Coarsening of Precipitated Particles with Non-spherical Shape." Materia Japan 52, no. 10 (2013): 475–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/materia.52.475.

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Volgina, Liudmila, and Anastasiia Romanova. "Hydraulic size of non-spherical solid particles." E3S Web of Conferences 97 (2019): 05034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199705034.

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The paper studies impact of determining the diameter of solid particles on the calculation of the hydraulic particle size in the water flow. The relevance of the topic is also connected with the use of calculation of hydraulic size in hydraulic engineering in forecasting: downstream erosion, the formation of shoals, canals, bottom spillages, etc. Most of the empirical formulas for calculating the hydraulic particle size are applicable to spherical particles. However, the nature of the solid particles rarely has a spherical shape. The aim of this work is to investigate experimentally the dependence of the hydraulic size of the diameter of the solid particles. Different approaches to determining the diameter solid particles are analyzed, as for non-spherical particles finding the diameter is an independent and complex problem. For the experimental research solid particles of different shapes and sizes were used. The diameter is included in the empirical formulas for hydraulic size linearly, and to the power of 2 or 0.5. Therefore, the dependence of the experimental hydraulic size on the diameter was correlated with the corresponding functions. The shape of the particle significantly affects the value of the hydraulic size and depends on the diameter to the power of (0.5).
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Spârchez, Zeno. "The Separation of Spherical Shape Powder Particles from the Non-Spherical Ones." Advanced Materials Research 23 (October 2007): 87–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.23.87.

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The conditions needed for an efficient separation together with the most important factors influencing the accuracy of the separation are emphasized. Some relationships that allow the evaluation of the covering degree of the separation surface and the volume of the charge with single dimension particles corresponding to a unit separation surface are presented. The efficiency of spherical shape particles separation and the productivity of the separation process have been analysed. Some technical and practical considerations on the separation process are given.
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Andersen, Anders, and Julia Dölger. "Planktonic encounter rates with non-spherical encounter zones." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 16, no. 156 (July 2019): 20190398. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2019.0398.

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We present general formulae for planktonic predator–prey encounter rates with encounter zones of convex shape and randomly moving point-like prey with ballistic motion. When the predator is not moving, we show that the encounter rate is independent of the shape of the encounter zone around it and proportional to the product of the surface area of the encounter zone and the prey speed. By contrast, the shape of the encounter zone plays a role when both the predator and the prey are moving. Slow predator motion results in only a weak increase of the encounter rate relative to the non-motile predator situation, but it may lead to a significant shift in where prey impact the surface of the encounter zone. By analysing disc-like and rod-like encounter zones with lengthwise and sideways motion, respectively, we show that fast predator motion may significantly influence the encounter rate, depending on the shape and the direction of motion of the encounter zone.
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Ranjan, Shashi, Kerwin Kwek Zeming, Roland Jureen, Dale Fisher, and Yong Zhang. "DLD pillar shape design for efficient separation of spherical and non-spherical bioparticles." Lab Chip 14, no. 21 (September 11, 2014): 4250–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4lc00578c.

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Yang, Zhongqiang, Wilhelm T. S. Huck, Stuart M. Clarke, Ali R. Tajbakhsh, and Eugene M. Terentjev. "Shape-memory nanoparticles from inherently non-spherical polymer colloids." Nature Materials 4, no. 6 (May 15, 2005): 486–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat1389.

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Spârchez, Zeno. "Fabrication of Metal Powders Having Spherical Shape Particles (an Overview)." Advanced Materials Research 23 (October 2007): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.23.95.

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On the basis of a graphical classification devised by the author, the paper presents a brief analysis of the principal methods and procedures used for elaborating powders having spherical particles. The than discussion is focused on emphasizing and classifying the influence factors related to the material, processing method and equipment, which enables the obtaining of spherical particles. In the case of those methods which lead to both spherical and non-spherical particles, additional operations are needed the separation of the non-spherical particles, possibly followed by their conversion to spherical particles in a thermal field.
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Ji, W. M., F. Y. Jiang, and C. X. Chu. "CALCULATION AND ANALYSIS ON SCATTERING CHARACTERISTICS OF NON-SPHERICAL PARTICLES OF HAZE." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3/W9 (October 25, 2019): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-w9-83-2019.

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Abstract. The light scattering characteristics of sulfate, one of the main pollutant particles in haze, are calculated by T-Matrix method at a target wavelength of 550 nm. The variation between shape factors (such as effective radius and aspect ratio) and scattering phase functions with different types and shapes are analysed in small scale range. The influence of shape factors on scattering cross section and depolarization ratio of particles are also discussed. Results show that the shape of particles has great effects on the spatial distribution of scattering energy, and the scattering properties of particles are sensitive to aspect ratio. The depolarization of spherical particles is close to zero, while the difference between ellipsoidal and cylindrical particles reaches several orders of magnitude. When the equivalent radius is larger than 1.0 μm, the mean depolarization ratio of the non-spherical particles is greater than 0.2. The mean depolarization ratio and scattering cross section of non-spherical particle change continuously with a certain aspect ratio and particle size range, and the shape of some particles can be therefore distinguished under certain conditions.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Non-Spherical shape"

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Abbaspour-Fard, Mohammad Hossein. "Discrete element modelling of the dynamic behaviour of non-spherical particulate materials." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/970.

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A numerical model based on the discrete element (DE) method, for modelling the flow of irregularly shaped, smooth-surfaced particles in a 3-D system is presented. An existing DE program for modelling the contact between spherical particles in periodic space (without real walls or boundaries) was modified to model non-spherical particles in a system with containing walls. The new model was validated against analytical calculations of single particle movements and also experimentally against data from physical experiments using synthetic non-spherical particles at both a particle and bulk scale. It was then used to study the effect of particle shape on the flow behaviour of assemblies of particles with various aspect ratios discharging from a flat-bottomed hopper. The particles were modelled using the Multi-Sphere Method (MSM) which is based on the CSG (Constructive Solid Geometry) technique for construction of complex solids by combining primitive shapes. In this method particle geometry is approximated using overlapping spheres of arbitrary diameter which are fixed in position relative to each other. The contact mechanics and contact detection method are the same as those used for spheres, except that translation and rotation of element spheres are calculated with respect to the motion of the whole particle. Numerical simulations of packing and flow of particles from a flat-bottomed hopper with a range of aspect ratios were performed to investigate the effect of particle shape on packing and flow behaviour of a particulate assembly. It was found that the particle shape influenced both bed structure and flow characteristics such as flow pattern, shear band strength and the occurrence of bridging. The flow of the bed of spherical particles was smoother than the flow of beds of elongated particles in which flow was fluctuating and there was more resistance to shear.
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Rasmussen, Tor Lone. "Effect of Non-spherical Voids on the Mechanical Behavior of Shape Memory Alloys." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for konstruksjonsteknikk, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-22634.

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The use of shape memory alloys has seen a steady increase since its discovery.Understanding the mechanical behavior behind a ductile fracture of these materialsis important to further the applicability of shape memory alloys. Some researchon spherical microvoids in shape memory alloys has been conducted, but there isnot much literature on non-spherical voids.The effect of non-spherical microvoids on the mechanical behavior of shape memoryalloys has been explored in this thesis. By running numerical simulations inthe commercial finite element software Abaqus, several different void shapes andsizes were analyzed. The simulations were limited to uniaxial stress without superplasticity.The results suggest that the width of the void, not the heigth/widthratio or the void volume fraction, has the greatest influence on the transformationstresses. Due to the limitations of this thesis, further studies should be conducted.The results had some differences compared to similar studies. The nature of thedifference is unknown, and should be further explored. A more in-depth studywith more shapes and void volume fractions is also needed to confirm the findingsof this report. Both the effect of superplasticity, as well as a triaxial stress statemay produce different results. A study of the effect of superplasticity should beemphasized, as plasticity is a very important part of a material?s behavior.
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Wang, Guiquan. "Modulation of wall-bounded turbulent flows by large particles : effect of concentration, inertia, and shape." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2017. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/19244/1/WANG_Guiquan.pdf.

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The effect of particles on turbulence is a key phenomenon in many practical industrial applications encountered in petroleum engineering, chemical reactors and food or solid processing (transport of slurries in pipes, reactive fluidized beds, and pneumatic transport of particles), environmental engineering (such as sand storm and Particulate Matter (PM) Pollution), and biological fluid mechanics (e.g. drug delivery in blood flow and inhaled particles through the respiratory system). The experiments of Matas et al. (PRL, 2003) have highlighted the non-monotonous effect of neutrally buoyant particles on the laminar-turbulent flow transition, depending on the particle-to-pipe size ratio and on the suspension volumetric concentration. A small amount of finite size particles allowed sustaining the turbulent state and decreasing the transition threshold significantly. The complex mechanisms related to particle flow interactions are often difficult to elucidate experimentally. During the last 4 decades, direct numerical simulations have proven to be a powerful tool for understanding the features of single-phase turbulent flows. Currently, it starts to play an important role in the investigation of suspension flows as well. Almost a decade after the experiments of Matas et al. (PRL, 2003), particle-resolved numerical simulations are able to evidence that at moderate concentration, particles have a significant impact on the unsteady nature of the flow, enhancing the transverse turbulent stress components and modifying the flow vortical structures (Loisel et al. Phys. Fluids, 2013; Yu et al. Phys. Fluids, 2013; Lashgari et al. PRL, 2015). In this work, we use particleresolved numerical simulations to understand the effect of finite sized particles on wall-bounded (pressure-driven or plane Couette) turbulent flows, slightly above the laminar-turbulent transition limit. We find that in turbulent Couette flow, wall-normal profiles of the flow velocity and Reynolds stress components reveal that there is no significant difference between single phase and two-phase flows at equivalent effective Reynolds number, except that the wall shear stress is higher for the two-phase flow. At concentration up to 10%, neutrally buoyant spherical particles have a negligible effect on both the intensity and intermittency of the Reynolds stress. However temporal and modal analysis of flow fluctuations, suggest that besides increasing small scale perturbation due to their rigidity, particles have an effect on the regeneration cycle of turbulence (streak formation, streak breakdown and streamwise vortex regeneration). Indeed, the shape of the streaks and the intermittent character of the flow (amplitude and period of oscillation of the modal fluctuation energy) are all altered by the particle presence, and especially by the inertial particles (Wang et al. Phys. Rev. Fluid, 2017). When the particle shape deviates from sphericity (spheroids with aspect ratios ranging between 0.5 and 2), the features of turbulent suspension flow are not significantly impacted. The transfer of particles between different coherent structures (along the regeneration cycle period) is analyzed at the end of the thesis. Nevertheless in channel flow, neutrally-buoyant spherical particles have a drastic impact on the regeneration cycle of turbulence, decreasing thereby the transition threshold. Particles enhance the intensity of the Reynolds stress although the frequency of burst events is decreased. Particles enhance the lift-up effect and act continuously within the buffer layer. Moreover, they increase the vorticity stretching, leading to smaller and more numerous wavy streaks for suspension flows compared to the single-phase configuration.
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Diaz, salmeron Raúl. "Directed-mobility and enhanced-adhesion nano-platelets for local drug delivery : towards a new treatment of bladder diseases." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS458.

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Titre : Nano-plaquettes à mobilité dirigée et adhésion amplifiée pour l’administration locale: vers un nouveau traitement des maladies vésicalesAbstract : L’administration locale des médicaments, définie comme une voie d’administration où la substance active est directement administrée sur ou proche de la cible ou tissus souhaités, permet d’apporter des grandes quantités des médicaments avec moins d’effets secondaires, et permet une simplification du système nanoparticulaire du fait de la non-extravasation des médicaments. Dans ce contexte, le projet de recherche de cette thèse s’est focalisé sur la voie intra-vésicale comme voie d’administration locale car il existe un besoin clinique de la part des patients, n’étant pas encore résolu. Malgré les hypothétiques avantages fournis par l’administration locale des médicaments, la voie intra-vésicale présente certaines limitations qui diminuent l’efficacité des traitements et l’observance des patients. La plupart des médicaments pour le traitement des maladies vésicales, notamment pour le cancer de la vessie et les cystites interstitielles, sont sous forme de solutions ou suspensions administrées de manière intra-vésicale via un cathéter qui passe à travers l’urètre. Dès leur arrivée à la vessie, les substances actives sont fortement diluées par les urines et éliminées rapidement lors de la miction. Cela conduit à une diminution des concentrations des substances actives au plus proche de l’épithélium, nécessitant plusieurs instillations intra-vésicales, réalisées par des praticiens hospitaliers, pour atteindre des concentrations thérapeutiques. Il y a donc un réel besoin de développer des nouvelles formulations permettant de contrecarrer les phénomènes décrits au préalable.L’objectif de cette thèse de doctorat est de créer un nouveau système nanoparticulaire de morphologie non-sphérique qui serait susceptible d’avoir un mouvement diffèrent et dirigé ainsi qu’une adhésion amplifiée. En conséquence, nous attendons de ces systèmes qu’ils apportent des concentrations en substances actives plus importantes que les systèmes nanoparticulaires sphériques et formulations galéniques traditionnelles.Aux cours de nos travaux expérimentaux, nous avons réussi à développer un système nanoparticulaire de morphologie hexagonale et aplatie. Ces nanoparticules, appellées nano-plaquettes, sont conçues à partir de l’auto-assemblage des molécules d’α-CD et des chaines alkyles greffées sur les squelettes de polysaccharides tels que l’acide hyaluronique, la chondroïtine sulfate ou l’héparine. Ces systèmes présentent l’originalité de ne pas avoir de substance active encapsulé parce que les molécules de polymère elles mêmes agissent à la fois en tant que substance active et de véhicule. Ces nano-plaquettes ont montré un mouvement en milieu isotrope et statique très diffèrent des nano-sphères utilisées comme contrôle. En effet, la majorité d’entre elles diffuse de manière plus importante et dirigée, avec des trajectoires rectilignes. Grâce à leur mouvement et aux propriétés inhérentes liées à leur forme, ces systèmes se sont montrés particulièrement intéressants vis-à-vis des interactions avec des cellules. Ils adhèrent mieux et plus longtemps à la muqueuse vésicale, elles sont mieux internalisées par des cellules et sont éliminées plus lentement une fois adhérées à la surface de l’urothélium.Un modelé in vivo de Syndrome de la Vessie Douloureuse / Cystite Interstitielle développé chez le rat nous a permis de montrer l’efficacité thérapeutique des nano-plaquettes, notamment celle constituées d’acide hyaluronique. En effet, elles présentent une meilleure bioaccumulation dans la vessie et une meilleure activité anti-inflammatoire et de régénération de la muqueuse urothéliale.Ces systèmes nanoparticulaires, conçues lors de nos travaux de thèse, constituent une approche innovante, rationnelle et efficace pouvant ouvrir de nouvelles voies de recherche pour le traitement des maladies vésicales
Title: Directed-mobility and enhanced-adhesion nano-platelets for local drug delivery: towards a new treatment of bladder diseases.Abstract: Local drug delivery, defined as the administration route where the drug is delivered directly or very close to its target or tissue, allows to bring large amounts of drugs with reduced side effects, in comparison with systemic administration. In this context, our research project has been focused on the intravesical drug delivery as local administration route, because there is a real need to develop new pharmaceutical formulations to thwart several limitations. Despite the advantages provided by the local drug delivery, intravesical drug delivery exhibited some issues which are decreasing the therapeutic efficacy and the patient compliance to the treatment. Most of therapies for the treatment of bladder diseases are simple drug solutions or suspensions administered intravesically by using a catheter through the urethra in order to reach easily the bladder and, consequently, the urothelium. Since the drug is administered into the bladder, drug dilution is occurring because the continuous production of urine. Furthermore, active substances are being eliminated during washout when bladder urine voiding is happening. These two processes lead to the decrease of local drug concentration close to the urothelium. Patients need repeated catheterization, performed by health care practitioners, to reach therapeutic dose of the drug. Therefor, there is a need of new drug formulations to avoid these main limitations.The main goal of this PhD thesis was to create and design a new nanoparticulate system with non-spherical shape susceptible to move in a different manner compared to spherical nanoparticles. These systems may exhibit an amplified mucoadhesion allowing to bring more important amounts of drug than classical and nanoparticle administration.During this thesis, we developed a new nanoparticulate system presenting non-spherical, hexagonal and flattened shape. The driven force for the design of these nanoparticles was the self-assembling of α-cyclodextrin molecules with alkyl chains grafted on the polymer skeleton. Polymers used belong to a polysaccharide family called glycosaminoglycans including hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate or heparin. This original and innovative nanoparticulate system does not encapsulate an active drug. Our polysaccharide will act, at the same time, as the active drug and the carrier. These nanoparticles, called now nano-platelets have shown different movement behavior than the spherical ones. Indeed, they diffuse more rapidly in a straight-line way. Thanks to their oriented and directed motion and to their intrinsic properties, due to the shape, these systems have shown a better mucoadhesion on the bladder tissue, a better uptake in different cell lines and they were far less rapidly eliminated from the urothelium mucosa.An in vivo model of Bladder Painful Syndrome / Interstitial Cystitis in rats demonstrated the therapeutic efficacy of nano-platelets, especially for hyaluronic acid nanoparticles. Indeed, they demonstrated a better bioaccumulation into the bladder and a better therapeutic efficacy as anti-inflammatory and urothelium regenerating agents.These nanoparticulate systems, designed during this work, represent a new innovative, rational and effectiveness approach allowing to open new research pathways for the treatment of bladder diseases
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Oschmann, Tobias Sebastian [Verfasser], Harald [Akademischer Betreuer] Kruggel-Emden, Harald [Gutachter] Kruggel-Emden, and Viktor [Gutachter] Scherer. "Extension and improvement of the coupled CFD-DEM approach to describe multidimensional heat transfer and non-spherical particle shape for fluidized systems / Tobias Sebastian Oschmann ; Gutachter: Harald Kruggel-Emden, Viktor Scherer ; Betreuer: Harald Kruggel-Emden." Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1184983836/34.

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Dostert, Maria Margarethe [Verfasser], Frank [Gutachter] Vallentin, and Peter [Gutachter] Littelmann. "Geometric Packings of Non-Spherical Shapes / Maria Margarethe Dostert ; Gutachter: Frank Vallentin, Peter Littelmann." Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1138027243/34.

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Dostert, Maria [Verfasser], Frank [Gutachter] Vallentin, and Peter [Gutachter] Littelmann. "Geometric Packings of Non-Spherical Shapes / Maria Margarethe Dostert ; Gutachter: Frank Vallentin, Peter Littelmann." Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1138027243/34.

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Lee, Yi-lin, and 李宜霖. "The Study on the Genetic Clustering Algorithm for the Non-Spherical Shape Clusters." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24152322881126712628.

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碩士
立德管理學院
應用資訊研究所
91
The K-means algorithm is a well-known method for searching the clusters. However, the K-means algorithm is suitable to find the clustering that contains many clusters with spherical shape. If the shape of clusters is not spherical, the K-means algorithm is failed. Therefore, in this study, the genetic cluster algorithm is proposed to find the clustering whether the shape of clusters is spherical or not. Also, the genetic clustering algorithm can automatically cluster the data according to the similarities and automatically find the proper number of clusters. Thus, the users need not to pre-define the number of clusters in the data set. The experiment contains two parts, one is the artificial data and the other is real image data. From the experiments, the proposed method achieves better performance than the K-means algorithms. Furthermore, the proposed method was applied to the texture classification. The performance of the proposed method was demonstrated by various experiments.
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Books on the topic "Non-Spherical shape"

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Deruelle, Nathalie, and Jean-Philippe Uzan. Tests in the solar system. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786399.003.0051.

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This chapter describes observable relativistic effects in the solar system. In the solar system we can, as a first approximation, neglect the gravitational field of all the stars except the Sun. In Newtonian theory, the planet trajectories are then Keplerian ellipses. Relativistic effects are weak because the dimensionless ratio characterizing them is everywhere less than GM⊙/c² R⊙≃ 2 × 10–6, and so they can be added linearly to the Newtonian perturbations due to the other planets, the non-spherical shape of celestial bodies, and so on. The chapter first describes the gravitational field of the Sun using a Schwarzschild spacetime, before moving on to look at the geodesic equation. It also discusses the bending of light, the Shapiro effect, the perihelion, post-Keplerian geodesics, and spin in a gravitational field.
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Book chapters on the topic "Non-Spherical shape"

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Spârchez, Zeno. "The Separation of Spherical Shape Powder Particles from the Non-Spherical Ones." In Materials and Technologies, 87–90. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-460-x.87.

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Spârchez, Zeno. "Devices for Dry Separation of the Spherical Particles from those Having a Non Spherical Shape from a Metallic Powder." In Materials and Technologies, 91–94. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-460-x.91.

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Varano, Valerio, Paolo Piras, Luciano Teresi, Stefano Gabriele, Ian L. Dryden, Paola Nardinocchi, Antonietta Evangelista, Concetta Torromeo, and Paolo Emilio Puddu. "A Threefold Deformation Decomposition in Shape Analysis for Medical Imaging: Spherical, Deviatoric and Non Affine Components." In VipIMAGE 2017, 1125–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68195-5_124.

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Dong, Shi-Hai. "RING-SHAPED NON-SPHERICAL OSCILLATOR." In Factorization Method in Quantum Mechanics, 143–49. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5796-0_10.

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Urban, Marek W. "Recent Advances in Film Formation from Colloidal Particles: Synthesis of Non-Spherical Colloidal Shapes with Stimuli-Responsive Characteristics." In ACS Symposium Series, 105–22. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2006-0941.ch008.

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Assovskiy, Igor G. "Laser Ignition of Metalized Solid Propellants." In Energetic Materials Research, Applications, and New Technologies, 79–99. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2903-3.ch004.

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This Chapter presents a theoretical analysis of radiation interaction with a semi-transparent metalized energetic material. Main regularities of the laser pulse interaction with metalized compositions are considered within the framework of non-resonant interaction of radiation with matter. The large variety of metalized composite propellants with different properties of the components, their ratio and dispersion can be divided into two classes, depending on the ratio of the laser irradiation's characteristic time (tr) and the thermal relaxation time of the propellant characteristic cell containing one metal particle (tm). Analysis of the role of metallic particles shape shows that in the case of spherical metal particles, duration of the laser pulse corresponds to the optimal size of particles, heated to a maximum temperature. In the case of flat metallic particles and constant pulse duration, the critical radiation flux and the critical density of ignition energy significantly decrease with decreasing thickness of the particle.
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"Filling Nanoparticles in Dielectrics." In Design and Investment of High Voltage NanoDielectrics, 169–200. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3829-6.ch006.

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This chapter contains the new technologies for filling nanoparticles inside dielectrics that handled the computational solid state physics of nanodielectrics. This chapter draws attention also to modeling and simulation techniques, bare spherical nanoparticles, non-spherical nanoparticles, and physical process analysis. Also, this chapter presents recent nanodielectrics technology and fillers in commercial dielectric. In this chapter, the structural examination of two-dimensional small-angle x-beam diffusing SAXS designs are examined for polymer-inorganic nanocomposites loaded with platelet-shaped mineral crystals demonstrating favored introduction. Also, this chapter displays an audit from starting later DFT requisitions to spectroscopic issues dependent upon a particular PC code, CASTEP. The precision of spectra computed by utilizing DFT is another addition to qualitative investigations.
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Abdulwahab Alfahad, Maadh. "The Activity of New Bio-Agent to Control Cucumovirus Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV)." In Studies on Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96587.

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CMV virus is worldwide, especially in temperate regions, where it can infect more than 800 plant species belonging to about 40 families. Although the main factor that the plant takes in order not to be infected is because it has preventive means that inhibit the direction of pathogens so that the infection occurs under conditions that suit it and suit its success. Cucumber Mosaic Virus belongs to the group of plant viruses to the genus Cucumovirus, as the virus particles are symmetrically spherical, not enveloped, with a diameter of 29 nm, and the virus has several strains that differ among themselves in terms of factors, symptoms of infection and methods of transmission. The stimulation of induced systemic resistance (ISR) leads to the interest of many researchers. Many types of research and studies have been conducted in the field of biochemical changes in the form of modulating the host’s cell wall. The production of phytoalexin. And the manufacture of pathogen-related proteins (Pathogenesis Related Protein). It has been indicated that treatment with various factors, for example (non-pathogenic organisms, weak pathogens, chemical and industrial compounds, plant extracts, nutritional supplements) has the ability to activate plant defense mechanisms and induce systemic resistance against pathogens. In the field of biological control, bacterial types have been used on many pathogens, including fluorescens Pseudomonas and Bacillus subtillus, as they have proven effective in controlling many different fungal and bacterial pathogens as well as viral, and the reason is due to the ability of the bacteria to produce many growth regulators and thus stimulate resistance The systemic plant and the production of phytotoxins are in addition to being one of the most important growth stimuli. New methods have been used to resist viruses by using natural nutritional supplements with effective effect, because plants have defensive means, and for this reason, the use of these supplements can be stimulated in addition to the preventive aspect, a decrease in infection parameters, and an increase in growth indicators and outcome. Several methods have been relied upon to diagnose viruses, the first being the symptoms of reagents, and they are of basic methods. After that, serological tests were adopted, which are highly specialized and accurate in diagnosing viruses, and electron microscopy was used as a method to detect the size and shape of viruses. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technology is a fast and accurate way to detect plant viruses compared to other tests, such as the ELISA test and plant reagents.
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Conference papers on the topic "Non-Spherical shape"

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Moon, Chi Young, Caitlyn Edwards, Alka Panda, Gwibo Byun, and K. Todd Lowe. "Non-spherical particle size and shape estimation using machine learning." In 2020 IEEE Research and Applications of Photonics in Defense Conference (RAPID). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rapid49481.2020.9195671.

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Sommerfeld, M. "Kinetic Simulations for Analysing the Wall Collision Process of Non-Spherical Particles." In ASME 2002 Joint U.S.-European Fluids Engineering Division Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2002-31239.

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In wall-bounded gas-solid flows the wall collision process plays an important role and may be strongly affected by wall roughness and particle shape. The modelling of the particle-wall collision mostly relies on the assumption of spherical particles. To extend such models appropriately for non-spherical particles, two-dimensional kinetic simulations were performed for different particle shapes. This implies, that the particle translational and angular motion is calculated by considering the particle shape, however neglecting fluid dynamic effects. The change of the particle velocities during the impact and rebound process was calculated by solving the impulse equations together with Coulombs law of friction. The simulations were performed for a given initial particle velocity by varying impact angle and initial angular velocity. The results for 2000 particle wall collisions allowed us to derive the distribution functions of the impact parameters required to describe the wall collision process for non-spherical particles correctly. Moreover, other wall collision properties, such as rebound angle and velocity ratios could be determined. Finally also a comparison with measurements was possible.
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Liu, Fang, and Yang Cai. "Effects of Particle Shape on Nanofluids Laminar Forced Convection in Helically Coiled Tubes." In ASME 2017 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2017-4722.

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In this study, effects of particle morphology (shape and size) on nanofluids laminar forced convection in helically coiled tubes are investigated numerically using Eulerian-Lagrangian two-phase approach. The laminar forced convective heat transfer and pressure drop of Al2O3-water nanofluids containing nanoparticles with various particle shapes (sphere, platelet, blade, cylinder and brick) and sizes at different volume fractions in the developing and fully developed regions are investigated using the validated two-phase model. It is found that the nanofluids containing platelet particle shape has the highest heat transfer enhancement, which is followed by nanofluids containing cylinder, blade, sphere and brick nanoparticle shapes, respectively. Non-spherical nanoparticles with larger aspect ratio, small particle size and a suitable particle volume concentration are beneficial for heat transfer enhancement of forced convection. Heat transfer efficiency reaches minima at Re of 1250 for laminar forced convection with 1% volume fraction. The correlations of Nusselt number and pressure drop with nanoparticle shape and size were developed to predict convective heat transfer of nanofluids containing spherical nanoparticles and non-spherical nanoparticles.
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Fuentes, Arturo A., and Yildiz Bayazitoglu. "Surface Tension Measurements of Non-Spherical Droplets Using Acoustic Levitation." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-55580.

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This paper deals with containerless thermophysical property measurement of deformed droplets. This work is partially motivated in the need for alternatives to study dynamic features of aggressive solvents that can damage certain instruments and/or yield incorrect results. Measurements of small-amplitude shape oscillations of droplets are carried out to obtain surface tension. The theoretical analysis, which is presented in detailed in a previous publication, studies the effect of static deformation due to an arbitrary external levitating force on the oscillations of a droplet, especially regarding the splitting of the frequency spectrum. Detailed explanation of the experimental apparatus is given. A novel experimental procedure is presented which includes the estimation of the droplet’s deformation transfer function magnitude. Experimental data and observations on the frequency splitting and surface tension of acoustically levitated samples are presented; in the initial experiments the surface tension measured came within 1% of the published values.
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Arboleda, Brian Quintero, Zeeshan Qadir, Martin Sommerfeld, and Santiago Lain Beatove. "Modelling the Wall Collision of Regular Non-Spherical Particles and Experimental Validation." In ASME 2014 4th Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2014-21610.

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The importance of numerical calculations (CFD) for supporting the optimization and lay-out of industrial processes involving multiphase flows is continuously increasing. Numerous processes in powder technology involve wall-bounded gas-solid flows where wall collisions essentially affect the process performance. In modelling the particle wall-collision process in the frame of numerical computations the general assumption is that the particles are spherical. However, in most practical situations one is dealing with irregular non-spherical particles or particles with a certain shape, such as granulates or fibers. In the case of non-spherical particle-wall collisions in confined flows, additional parameters such as roughness, particle shape and orientation play an important role and may strongly affect the transport behavior. The change of linear and angular velocity of the particle depends on these parameters, specifically the orientation and the radius of impact of the particles. In order to improve the non-spherical particle-wall understanding and modeling, in this work regular non-spherical particle-wall collisions in three dimensions are studied experimentally and computationally. For that purpose, cylindrical particles impacting a smooth wall at different angles are used. Single particle motion is tracked in space solving for both the translational and the rotational motion whereby the orientation of the non-spherical particle is obtained through the Euler angles and the Euler parameters. Once the particle touches the wall, the change of translational and angular velocity is determined by the non-spherical particle wall collision model. Experiments are made by shooting cylindrical non-spherical particles against a smooth plane wall at various impact angles and velocities. The collision event is recorded by two perpendicular arranged high-speed cameras. The experimental velocities obtained are used for validating the model.
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Agrawal, Madhusuden, Ahmadreza Haghnegahdar, and Rahul Bharadwaj. "Improved Prediction of Sand Erosion by Accurate Particle Shape Representation in CFD-DEM Modelling." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206122-ms.

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Abstract Predicting accurate erosion rate due to sand particles in oil and gas production is important for maintaining safe and reliable operations while maximizing output efficiency. Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) is a powerful tool for erosion prediction as it provides detailed erosion pattern in complex geometry. In an effort to improve accuracy of erosion prediction, this paper proposes an algorithm to accurately represent particle shape in CFD erosion simulation through coupling with Discrete Element Method (DEM) for non-spherical shape particles. The fluid motions are predicted by CFD and the particle movements (including particle-particle and particle-wall collisions) and fluid-particle interaction are calculated using DEM. It is widely known that sand particles are of finite volume with a non-spherical shape, accurate representation of sand particles is important in CFD modelling for accurate prediction of erosion rate. Traditional CFD approach usages lagrangian tracking of sand particles through Discrete Phase Model (DPM), where a particle is assumed as a point mass for the calculation of trajectory and particle-wall interaction. Particle impact velocity and impact angle are important parameter in determining erosion. Assumption of point mass in DPM approach, will not capture particle-wall interaction accurately especially when particles are of non-spherical in shape. In additional, DPM approach ignores particle-particle interactions. This can adversary affect the accuracy of erosion predictions. Integrating non-spherical DEM collision algorithm with CFD erosion simulation, will overcome these limitations and improve erosion predictions. Benefits of this CFD-DEM erosion modelling was demonstrated for gas-solid flow in a 2" pipework which consists of out-of-plane elbows in series and blind-tees. Experimental dataset [1] for erosion pattern on each elbow was used to validate CFD predictions. Three different erosion CFD simulations were performed, traditional DPM based CFD simulation, CFD-DEM simulation for spherical shape particles and CFD-DEM simulation for non-spherical shape particles. CFD-DEM coupled simulations clearly show an improvement on erosion predictions compared to DPM based CFD simulation. Effect of non-spherical shape on rebound angle during particle-wall collision is captured accurately in CFD-DEM simulation. CFD-DEM simulation using non-spherical particle, was able to predict erosion pattern closer to experimental observations. This paper will demonstrate an increase in accuracy of sand erosion prediction by integrating DEM collision algorithm in CFD modelling. The prediction results of elbow erosion subject to a condition of dilute gas-particle flow are validated against experimental data. Improved prediction of erosion risk will increase the safety and reliability of oil & gas operations, while maximizing output efficiency.
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Wen, Yuemin, and Milind A. Jog. "Effect of Temperature Dependent Properties and Particle Shape on Heat Transfer in Plasma Flow." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-42015.

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In this paper, plasma flow over non-spherical particles has been investigated numerically. The conservation equations for mass, momentum, and energy are solved simultaneously using finite volume method. To body-fit the non-spherical particle surface, an adaptive orthogonal grid is generated. The flow field and the temperature distribution are calculated for oblate and prolate particle shapes. A number of particle surface temperatures and far field temperatures are considered and thermophysical property variation is fully accounted for in our model. The shapes are represented in terms of variations in the axis ratio which is defined as the ratio of axis along the flow direction to the axis perpendicular to the flow direction. For oblate shape, axis ratios from 0.4 (disk-like) to 1 (sphere) are used whereas for proate shape, axis ratios of 1 (sphere) to 1.6 (cylinder-like) are used. The computational model is first validated by comparison with results and correlations available in literature for constant property flow. Effects of flow Reynolds number, particle shape, surface and far field temperatures, and variable properties, on the flow field, temperature variations, drag coefficient, and Nusselt number are outlined.
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Deng, Tao, James R. Cournoyer, James H. Schermerhorn, Joleyn Balch, and Margaret L. Blohm. "Manipulating Shape and Size of Nanoparticles With Plasma Field." In ASME 2008 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the 3rd JSME/ASME International Conference on Materials and Processing. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec_icmp2008-72293.

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Tuning the plasma field in reactive ion etching generates different etching profile of nanoparticles. For nanoparticles in an isotropic plasma field, there will be uniform shrinkage of the particle sizes due to the isotropic etching, with the curvature of the particles unchanged after the etching. An anisotropic etching, on the other hand, provides rich opportunities to modify the shape of the particles with reduced dimensions. For a monolayer of silica nanoparticles on a flat substrate in a unidirectional plasma field, the reactive ion etching changed the shape of silica nanoparticles from spherical to spheroid-like geometry. The mathematical description of the final spheroid-like geometry was discussed and matched well with the experimental results. The surface curvature of the particles after etching remained the same for both the top and the bottom surfaces, while the overall shape transformed to spheroid-like geometry. Varying the etching time resulted in particles with different height to width ratios. The unique geometry of these non-spherical particles will impact fundament properties of such particles, such as packing and assembly. In the case of spheroid-like particles, packing of such particles into ordered structures will involve an orientational order, which is different from spherical nanoparticles that have no orientational order.
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Mohaghegh, Fazlolah, and H. S. Udaykumar. "A Simplified Model for the Normal Collision of Arbitrary Shape Particles in a Viscous Flow." In ASME 2017 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2017-69366.

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Modeling collision of finite size arbitrarily shaped particles is a tedious task because of difficulties in finding the collision parameter for the non-spherical particles. These parameters include the contact point, direction of the collision force and the collision forces and moments. In this paper a new collision algorithm is proposed to simulate collision of arbitrary shape particles to tackle flows containing a large number of particles. A pseudo-potential function is defined to quantify the collision parameters. This potential is defined based on the distance from the particle interface using either level set method or an analytical representation. With this definition, we can find the direction of collision forces and the amount of overlapping during the collision course. The collision forces are applied through a spring with a coefficient defined based on the collision course. In order to apply the damping, after the maximum collision course is achieved a spring with a lower stiffness in devised to achieve the desired bounce velocity. The results are validated for a spherical particle colliding with a wall. Then we show the capability of the model in simulation of collision of non-spherical particles with a wall. The new collision method not only is simple to implement but also it is applicable for any particle shape.
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Grega, Lisa. "Very Low Reynolds Number Flow Over Non-Spherical Particles: Applications to Pollen Aerodynamics." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-67268.

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Flows at the very low Reynolds number regime (<10) typically have application to the understanding of the dispersion of micro-scale particulates in the atmosphere, as well as microorganisms. Most particulates are non-spherical, requiring specialized studies in order to determine their settling velocities, drag forces, or interactions. The present study considers flow over saccate pollen with the goal of better understanding their flight dynamics. The pollen grains of several gymnosperm groups consist of a main body and one to three air-filled bladders, or sacci, forming ellipsoidal lobes. Previous studies have demonstrated that sacci increased the resistance coefficient of the grain compared to one without sacci, thereby improving its aerodynamic efficiency by increasing dispersal distance. In order to better quantify the effect of sacci position, size, and orientation on pollen dispersion, scaled-up physical models were created based on electron microscopy images. Furthermore, surface ornamentation or texture could be added to the models, adding a higher degree of realism. The models were suspended inside of a glycerin-filled tank capable of translating at very low speeds, producing Reynolds numbers as low as 0.05. Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) was used to measure velocity fields in the wake of the pollen models. This experimental arrangement facilitated the ability to produce both steady and unsteady (i.e. accelerating or decelerating) flows. Differences among the wake flowfields were related to previously made measurements of pollen shape factors. These studies suggested that both sacci size, orientation or relative position on the main body, as well as surface texture affected this shape factor. The PIV measurements are capable of resolving wake details which demonstrate a wide stagnant flow region behind the main body and between the sacci. This is in contrast to a typical spherical or ellipsoidal geometry, which would be characterized by a single stagnation streamline at the aft, with the flow remaining attached and no wake present when Re<1. At these low Reynolds numbers, there does not appear to be evidence of flow reversal between the sacci; however rapid flow deceleration was capable of producing such reversals.
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Reports on the topic "Non-Spherical shape"

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Gordon, Howard R. Light Scattering by Marine Particles: Modeling with Non-spherical Shapes. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada521882.

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Gordon, Howard R. Light Scattering by Marine Particles: Modeling with Non-spherical Shapes. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada517463.

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Gordon, Howard R. Light Scattering by Marine Particles: Modeling with Non-spherical Shapes. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada557188.

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Gordon, Howard R. Light Scattering by Marine Particles: Modeling with Non-Spherical Shapes. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada548726.

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Gordon, Howard R. Light Scattering by Marine Particles: Modeling with Non-spherical Shapes. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada540737.

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