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1
Ghodke, Sharad, and R. S. Jangid. "An Empirical Formulation for the Damping Ratio of Shape Memory Alloy for Base-Isolated Structures." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 19, no. 07 (June 26, 2019): 1950074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455419500743.
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Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) are now widely used as a damping element into the isolation systems. The pre-stressed SMAs exhibit hysteretic damping through a nonlinear flag-shaped hysteresis loop. Many nonlinear models of the SMA are available to depict such behavior. The nonlinear models require a lot of effort and computational time for the analysis of base-isolated structures. Therefore, the codes recommend that a nonlinear model can be replaced by an equivalent linear model in the analysis. Linearization is a method to convert the nonlinearity of a system into a system with analogues linear parameters. This paper proposes an empirical equation for a damping ratio to get a linear damping coefficient of the SMAs which can be used in the seismic analysis of base-isolated structures. The evaluation of any damping ratio using the traditional system identification method does not give precise solutions due to variation in hysteretic parameters and the unpredictable nature of an earthquake. The empirical equation is proposed using a set of optimal statistical data obtained from the seismic analysis of a base isolated structure. Moreover, analysis of the base isolated structure using the newly modified equivalent elastic-viscous SMA model gives comparable and conservative results with a nonlinear SMA model as compared to the existing elastic-viscous SMA model. Since the hysteresis parameters are used to derive the empirical equation for the damping ratio, this equation is also applicable for any type of structure.
2
Miwadinou, C. H., A. V. Monwanou, L. A. Hinvi, V. Kamdoum Tamba, A. A. Koukpémèdji, and J. B. Chabi Orou. "Nonlinear Oscillations of Nonlinear Damping Gyros: Resonances, Hysteresis and Multistability." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 30, no. 14 (November 2020): 2050203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021812742050203x.
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This paper addresses the issues on the dynamics of nonlinear damping gyros subjected to a quintic nonlinear parametric excitation. The fixed points and their stability are analyzed for the autonomous gyros equation. The number of fixed points of the system varies from one to six. The approximate equation of gyros is considered by expanding the nonlinear restoring force and parametric excitation for the study of the dynamics of gyros. Amplitude and frequency of possible resonances are found by using the multiple scales method. Also obtained are the principal parametric resonance and orders 4 and 6 subharmonic resonances. The stability conditions for each of these resonances are also obtained. Chaotic oscillations, multistability, hysteresis, and coexisting attractors are found using the bifurcation diagrams, the Lyapunov exponents, the phase portraits, the Poincaré section and the time histories. The effects of the damping parameter, the angular spin velocity and the parametric nonlinear excitation are analyzed. Results obtained by using the approximate gyros equation are compared to the dynamics obtained with the exact equation of gyros. The analytical investigations are complemented by numerical simulations.
3
Viola, Francesco, P. T. Brun, and François Gallaire. "Capillary hysteresis in sloshing dynamics: a weakly nonlinear analysis." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 837 (January 5, 2018): 788–818. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.860.
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The sloshing of water waves in a vertical cylindrical tank is an archetypal damped oscillator in fluid mechanics. The wave frequency is traditionally derived in the potential flow limit (Lamb, Hydrodynamics, Cambridge University Press, 1932), and the damping rate results from the combined effects of the viscous dissipation at the wall, in the bulk and at the free surface (Case & Parkinson, J. Fluid Mech., vol. 2, 1957, pp. 172–184). Still, the classic theoretical prediction accounting for these effects significantly underestimates the damping rate when compared to careful laboratory experiments (Cocciaro et al., J. Fluid Mech., vol. 246, 1993, pp. 43–66). Specifically, theory provides a unique value for the damping rate, while experiments reveal that the damping increases as the sloshing amplitude decreases. Here, we investigate theoretically the effects of capillarity at the contact line on the decay time of capillary–gravity waves. To this end, we marry a model for the inviscid waves to a nonlinear empiric law for the contact line that incorporates contact angle hysteresis. The resulting system of equations is solved by means of a weakly nonlinear analysis using the method of multiple scales. Capillary effects have a dramatic influence on the calculated damping rate, especially when the sloshing amplitude gets small: this nonlinear interfacial term increases in the limit of zero wave amplitude. In contrast to viscous damping, where the wave motion decays exponentially, the contact angle hysteresis can act as Coulomb solid friction, thus yielding the arrest of the contact line in a finite time.
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Yan, Lulu, Jinxin Gong, and Qin Zhang. "Investigation of Global Equivalent Damping and Statistical Relationship of Displacement between Nonlinear Static and Dynamic Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Frame Structures." Earthquake Spectra 34, no. 3 (August 2018): 1311–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/021517eqs031m.
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The assessment of the seismic performance of reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures using the equivalent linearization approach requires comprehensive insight into the nonlinear response of the system, and most previous researches focused on the analysis of a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system. To describe the hysteretic behavior of a multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) system accurately, monotonic and cyclic pushover analyses for 88 RC frames structures with various configurations and design parameters are carried out and a unified hysteresis loop expression modeling the cyclic pushover results of RC frame system is developed. Then, a global equivalent damping based on Jacobsen's approach is derived, and comparisons between the displacements obtained by nonlinear static analysis (NSA) utilizing the derived global equivalent damping and those obtained by nonlinear time history analysis (NTHA) are made. Finally, a modified global equivalent damping is presented by calibrating the derived Jacobsen's equivalent damping through NTHA results. Based on the modified equivalent damping, the statistical analysis of the ratios of the results obtained by NTHA to those obtained by NSA is implemented to predicate the probabilistic seismic displacement demands of RC frame structures.
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Fangnon, R., C. Ainamon, A. V. Monwanou, C. H. Miwadinou, and J. B. Chabi Orou. "Nonlinear Dynamics of the Quadratic-Damping Helmholtz Oscillator." Complexity 2020 (November 8, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8822534.
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In this paper, the Helmholtz equation with quadratic damping themes is used for modeling the dynamics of a simple prey-predator system also called a simple Lotka–Volterra system. From the Helmholtz equation with quadratic damping themes obtained after modeling, the equilibrium points have been found, and their stability has been analyzed. Subsequently, the harmonic oscillations have been studied by the harmonic balance method, and the phenomena of resonance and hysteresis are observed. The primary and secondary resonances have been researched by the multiple-scale method, and the conditions of stability of the amplitudes of oscillations are determined. Chaos is detected analytically by the Melnikov method and numerically using the basin of attraction, the bifurcation diagram, the Lyapunov exponent, the phase portrait, and the Poincaré section. The effects of all the parameters of the system are analyzed in detail, and special emphasis is placed on the new parameters. Through this analysis, the complex phenomena such as hysteresis, bistability, amplitude jump, resonances, and chaos have been obtained. The control of the parameters and the necessary conditions to control the aforementioned phenomena have been found.
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Jiang, Feng, Zheyu Ding, Yiwan Wu, Hongbai Bai, Yichuan Shao, and Bao Zi. "Energy Dissipation Characteristics and Parameter Identification of Symmetrically Coated Damping Structure of Pipelines under Different Temperature Environment." Symmetry 12, no. 8 (August 3, 2020): 1283. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12081283.
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In this paper, a symmetrically coated damping structure for entangled metallic wire materials (EMWM) of pipelines was designed to reduce the vibration of high temperature (300 °C) pipeline. A series of energy dissipation tests were carried out on the symmetrically coated damping structure at 20–300 °C. Based on the energy dissipation test results, the hysteresis loop was drawn. The effects of temperature, vibration amplitude, frequency, and density of EMWM on the energy dissipation characteristics of coated damping structures were investigated. A nonlinear energy dissipation model of the symmetrically coated damping structure with temperature parameters was established through the accurate decomposition of the hysteresis loop. The parameters of the nonlinear model were identified by the least square method. The energy dissipation test results show that the symmetrically coated damping structure for EMWM of pipelines had excellent and stable damping properties, and the established model could well describe the changing law of the restoring force and displacement of the symmetrically coated damping structure with amplitude, frequency, density, and ambient temperature. It is possible to reduce the vibration of pipelines in a wider temperature range by replacing different metal wires.
7
Niu, Mu-Qing, and Li-Qun Chen. "Nonlinear Vibration Isolation via a NiTiNOL Wire Rope." Applied Sciences 11, no. 21 (October 26, 2021): 10032. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112110032.
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Vibration isolators with both stiffness and damping nonlinearities show promise for exhibiting compound advantages for broadband vibration isolation. A nonlinear isolator with a NiTiNOL wire rope is proposed with cubic stiffness, hysteretic damping, and pinching effects induced by geometric constraints, inner frictions, and phase transitions, respectively. A combined method of a beam constraint model and a Bouc-Wen model is presented to characterize the restoring force of the NiTiNOL wire rope. The frequency responses of the nonlinear isolator were analyzed through a harmonic balance method with an alternating frequency/time domain technique. The generalized equivalent stiffness and the generalized equivalent damping ratio were defined for a comprehensive understanding of the nonlinear characteristics. The isolator exhibited a stiffness-softening-hardening characteristic. The pinching effect, the Bouc-Wen hysteresis, and the cubic stiffness mainly influenced the equivalent stiffness at the initial value, the small displacements, and the large displacements, respectively. The rate-independent damping ratio increased and then decreased with increasing displacement, and the parameters influenced the damping ratio change in different ways. Compared to an isolator with a steel wire rope, the isolator with a NiTiNOL wire rope exhibited less initial stiffness and a stronger damping effect, and thus, better vibration isolation performance. The relationships of the peak displacement transmissibility and the resonant frequency with the excitation amplitude were both non-monotonic due to the non-monotonic changes of the stiffness and the damping ratio. The minimum peak transmissibility, the lowest resonant frequency, and their corresponding excitation amplitudes depended on the isolator parameters. The isolator demonstrated stiffness–softening and stiffness–hardening types of jump phenomena with different parameters.
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Berger, E. J., and C. M. Krousgrill. "On Friction Damping Modeling Using Bilinear Hysteresis Elements." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 124, no. 3 (June 12, 2002): 367–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1473831.
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Massless bilinear hysteresis elements are often used to model frictional energy dissipation in dynamic systems. These quasi-static elements possess only two describing parameters, the damper stiffness and the force at which it slips. Bilinear hysteresis elements capture the qualitative nature of friction-damped forced response, but sometimes have difficulty with quantitative comparisons. This paper examines the performance of massless bilinear hysteresis elements as well as the role of damper mass in energy dissipation, and specifically evaluates its influence on the kinematic state of the damper (pure slip, stick-slip, pure stick). Differences between the massless and non-zero mass case are explored, as are the implications on both damper and system response. The results indicate that even small damper mass can have a qualitative effect on the system response, and provide advantages over the massless case. Further, we develop transition maps, describing damper response kinematics in the damper parameter space, which segment the space into two linear analysis regions (pure slip, pure stick) and one nonlinear analysis region (stick-slip). The results suggest non-zero mass dampers which are tuned as optimal vibration absorbers provide substantial resonance response attenuation and substantially reduce the size of the nonlinear analysis region in the damper parameter space.
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Koh, K. H., J. H. Griffin, S. Filippi, and A. Akay. "Characterization of Turbine Blade Friction Dampers." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 127, no. 4 (March 1, 2004): 856–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1926312.
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This paper discusses an approach for characterizing the dynamic behavior of a friction damper. To accomplish this, the deflection of the damper is measured as a function of an applied force for a range of amplitudes, normal loads, and excitation frequencies. The resulting hysteresis curves are used to generate curves of nonlinear stiffness and damping as a function of the amplitude of motion. A method of presenting this information in a dimensionless format is demonstrated. This format allows direct comparisons of the nonlinear stiffness and damping of actual dampers with that often used in analytical models to compute the dynamic response of frictionally damped turbine blades. It is shown that for the case of a damper with a spherical head significant differences exist between the actual behavior of the damper and that often assumed in simple analytical models. In addition, Mindlin’s analysis of a sphere on a half space is used to estimate the damper’s stiffness as well as its theoretical hysteresis curves. The hysteresis curves are then used to determine dimensionless stiffness and damping curves. The results compare favorably with those found experimentally.
10
Monti, M. D., J. X. Zhao, C. R. Gannon, and W. H. Robinson. "Mental results and dynamic parameters for the Penguin Vibration Damper (PVD) for wind and earthquake loading." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 31, no. 3 (September 30, 1998): 177–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.31.3.177-193.
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Penguin Engineering Ltd has developed a compact, efficient, hysteretic damping device, the Penguin Vibration Damper (PVD). Experimental test results show that the PVD can provide a significant amount of damping at displacements as small as 50 micro-metres.
The hysteresis behaviour of the PVD can be described well either by a model having a linear spring in parallel with a viscous dashpot, or by a bi-linear model, with the parameters of both models being displacement-amplitude dependent. For large displacements, the bi-linear model gives an accurate representation of the PVD's hysteresis loops, and the parameters for the bi-linear model can be taken as constants. Non-linear models, such as the hyperbolic, Ramberg-Osgood and multi-surface plasticity models, can also be used and have an advantage of displacement-amplitude-independent parameters. However, it can be shown that nonlinear models do not correctly predict the amount of damping that a PVD provides at large displacement even though the equivalent spring coefficient can be well approximated. When the PVDs are expected to undergo large displacements, it is possibly best to use a simple bi-linear model in dynamic nonlinear structural analyses, because the bi-linear model with suitably selected parameters can produce the correct amount of damping derived from the experimental data.
The changes of the PVD's dynamic behaviour are small after a fatigue test of 144 000 cycles with a displacement amplitude of 2 mm.
An analysis of a 6-storey reinforced concrete moment resisting frame is used to demonstrate the effect of the damper. Equivalent first modal damping ratios are estimated for various levels of earthquake excitations. The example shows that the dampers can provide a large amount of damping to the structure and enhance the structural capacity, for resisting earthquakes, by 50-100%.
11
Aoki, Shigeru, and Takeshi Watanabe. "Analytical Method of Response of Piping System With Nonlinear Support." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 122, no. 4 (June 28, 2000): 437–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1308293.
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This paper deals with steady-state response of the piping system with nonlinear support having hysteresis damping characteristics. Considering the energy loss for contact with a support, an analytical method of approximate solution for the beam, a one-span model of the piping system, with quadrilateral hysteresis loop characteristics is presented. Some numerical results of the approximate solution for the response curves and the mode shapes are shown. [S0094-9930(00)00204-3]
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Xu, C., J. Geoffrey Chase, and Geoffrey W. Rodgers. "Nonlinear Regression Based Health Monitoring of Hysteretic Structures under Seismic Excitation." Shock and Vibration 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/193136.
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This paper presents a health monitoring method using measured hysteretic responses. Acceleration and infrequently measured displacement are integrated using a multirate Kalman filtering method to generate restoring force-displacement hysteresis loops. A linear/nonlinear regression analysis based two-step method is proposed to identify nonlinear system parameters. First, hysteresis loops are divided into loading/unloading half cycles. Multiple linear regression analysis is applied to separate linear and nonlinear half cycles. Preyielding stiffness and viscous damping coefficient are obtained in this step and used as known parameters in the second step. Then, nonlinear regression analysis is applied to identified nonlinear half cycles to yield nonlinear system parameters and two damage indicators: cumulative plastic deformation and residual deformation. These values are closely related to structural status and repair costs. The feasibility of the method is demonstrated using a simulated shear-type structure with different levels of added measurement noise and a suite of ground motions. The results show that the proposed SHM method effectively and accurately identifies physical system parameters with up to 10% RMS added noise. The resulting damage indicators can robustly and clearly indicate structural condition over different earthquake events.
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Steven Chingyei Chung, Jen-So Huang, and Wenshen Pong. "Describing Functions For Effective Stiffness and Effective Damping of Hystersis Structures." Electronic Journal of Structural Engineering 4 (January 1, 2004): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.56748/ejse.441.
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For a hysteresis structure with energy dissipation devices, the force-displacement relation is nonlinear such that it is very difficult to evaluate the actual damping and stiffness coefficients, even if the forcedisplacement characteristic is simply perfect elasto-plastic. With the describing function method, we can linearize the nonlinear behavior of the energy dissipation devices and then obtain the equivalent damping and stiffness coefficients; In turn, the effective period and equivalent damping ratio can be attained. It is stressed that with this approach, the imaginary part of the describing function is just the energy dissipation term, which corresponds to the conventional hystersis damping derived by the energy method. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of this proposed method.
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Wang, Minghao, Enli Chen, Ruilan Tian, and Cuiyan Wang. "The Nonlinear Dynamics Characteristics and Snap-Through of an SD Oscillator with Nonlinear Fractional Damping." Fractal and Fractional 6, no. 9 (September 2, 2022): 493. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract6090493.
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A smooth and discontinuous (SD) oscillator is a typical multi-stable state system with strong nonlinear properties and has been widely used in many fields. The nonlinear dynamic characteristics of the system have not been thoroughly investigated because the nonlinear restoring force cannot be integrated. In this paper, the nonlinear restoring force is represented by a piecewise nonlinear function. The equivalent coefficients of fractional damping are obtained with an orthogonal function. The influence of fractional damping on the transition set, the amplitude–frequency response and the snap-through of the SD oscillator are analyzed. The conclusions are as follows: The nonlinear piecewise function accurately mimics the nonlinear restoring force and maintains a nonlinearity property. Fractional damping can significantly affect the stiffness and damping property simultaneously. The equivalent coefficients of the fractional damping are variable with regard to the fractional-order power of the excitation frequency. A hysteresis point, a bifurcation point, a frequency island, pitchfork bifurcations and transcritical bifurcations were discovered in the small-amplitude resonant region. In the non-resonant region, the increase in the fractional parameters leads to the probability of snap-through declining by increasing the symmetry of the attraction domain or reducing the number of stable states.
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Ma, F., H. Zhang, A. Bockstedte, G. C. Foliente, and P. Paevere. "Parameter Analysis of the Differential Model of Hysteresis." Journal of Applied Mechanics 71, no. 3 (May 1, 2004): 342–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1668082.
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The extended Bouc-Wen differential model is one of the most widely accepted phenomenological models of hysteresis in mechanics. It is routinely used in the characterization of nonlinear damping and in system identification. In this paper, the differential model of hysteresis is carefully reexamined and two significant issues are uncovered. First, it is shown that the unspecified parameters of the model are functionally redundant. One of the parameters can be eliminated through suitable transformations in the parameter space. Second, local and global sensitivity analyses are conducted to assess the relative sensitivity of each model parameter. Through extensive Monte Carlo simulations, it is found that some parameters of the hysteretic model are rather insensitive. If the values of these insensitive parameters are fixed, a greatly simplified model is obtained.
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Baktash, Parvaneh, and Cedric Marsh. "Damped moment-resistant braced frames: a comparative study." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 14, no. 3 (June 1, 1987): 342–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l87-054.
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This paper reports a study on the comparisons between the behaviours of braced steel building frames with friction joints and with eccentric bracing, under seismic forces. Nonlinear time-history dynamic analysis is used. Friction damping is shown to be of particular merit. Key words: bracing, damping, ductility, dynamics, earthquakes, eccentric; energy dissipation, friction, hysteresis loops, response, steel frames, time history.
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Zhou, Yan Guo, Wen Zhong Qu, and Li Xiao. "A Practical Mathematical Model for Nonlinear Hysteresis of Metal Rubber Isolator." Applied Mechanics and Materials 105-107 (September 2011): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.105-107.20.
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The hysteresis dynamic behavior of metal rubber mathematically modeled with a practical method is studied, and the method of parameter separated identification is presented with details. Parameters of the model are identified with the test data of metal rubber, from which the theoretical loops are reconstructed, and the mechanism of the nonlinear damping behavior of the metal rubber is investigated. The theoretical loops and the experimental one are close to each other with satisfactory accuracy. The result shows that with the simple mathematical form and the satisfactory precision, the mixed damping model can be used effectively in practical engineering. This study provides a practical and effective method in modeling and the parameter identification of the metal rubber isolator.
18
Decent, S. P., and A. D. D. Craik. "Hysteresis in Faraday resonance." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 293 (June 25, 1995): 237–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112095001704.
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Faraday waves arise on the surface of a liquid in a container that is undergoing vertical periodic oscillations. Hysteresis occurs when both finite-amplitude solutions and the flat-surface solution are available. We derive a nonlinear model of Faraday resonance, extending the Lagrangian method of Miles (1976). The model is used to investigate hysteresis. The theoretical results are compared to previous experimental studies and to some new observations. It is found necessary to retain damping and forcing terms up to third-order in wave amplitude, and also the fifth-order conservative frequency shift, in order to achieve agreement with experiments. The latter fifth-order term was omitted from all previous studies of Faraday waves. The lower hysteresis boundary in forcing-frequency space is found in most cases to be defined by the lower boundary above which non-trivial stationary points exist. However, the stability of stationary points and the existence of limit cycles are also found to be factors in determining the lower hysteresis boundary. Our results also suggest an indirect method for estimating the coefficient of cubic damping, which is difficult to obtain either experimentally or theoretically.
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He, Dongping, Huidong Xu, Tao Wang, and Zhongkai Ren. "Nonlinear time-delay feedback controllability for vertical parametrically excited vibration of roll system in corrugated rolling mill." Metallurgical Research & Technology 117, no. 2 (2020): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/2020020.
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This paper investigates vibration characteristics of the corrugated roll system and designs a time-delay feedback controller to control the parametrically excited vibration of system. The model of parametrically excited nonlinear vertical vibration of roller system is established by considering the nonlinear damping and nonlinear stiffness within corrugated interface of corrugated rolling mill. The approximate analytical solution and amplitude-frequency characteristic equations of principal resonance and sub-resonance of roller system are obtained by using the multiple-scale method. The influences of nonlinear stiffness coefficient, nonlinear damping coefficient, system damping coefficient and rolling force amplitude on vibration are further analyzed. The time-delay feedback controller is designed to eliminate the jump and hysteresis phenomenon of the roll system and numerical simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the controller. The analysis results provide some theoretical guidance for vibration suppression of roller system of corrugated rolling mill.
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Semenov, M. E., M. G. Matveev, P. A. Meleshenko, and A. M. Solovyov. "Dynamics of a Damping Device Based on Ishlinsky Material." Mekhatronika, Avtomatizatsiya, Upravlenie 20, no. 2 (February 13, 2019): 106–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17587/mau.20.106-113.
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In present paper we consider the damping properties of the oscillating system with hysteretic nature. The mathematical model of considered system is based on the operator approach for the hysteretic nonlinearity on the example of Ishlinsky material. Such a converter is a continual analogue of the set of stops connected in parallel. In the frame of the paper we compare the various approaches to modeling of damping systems. Namely, together with the hysteretic damper we consider the so-called nonlinear viscous damper which is a generalization of a standard linear damper with dependence on the velocity. The mathematical model of the considered system is formulated in terms of second order ordinary differential equation with hysteretic nonlinearity (namely, the operator-type nonlinearity). In comparison with the phenomenological models of hysteresis (such as Bouc-Wen model) that are often used in the modeling, the Ishlinsky model allows to " feel" the hysteretic nature of the material on the physical level. The major result of the presented paper is the comparison both the hysteretic and viscous (including the linear and nonlinear cases) dampers. Such a comparison is made in terms of transmission functions that reflect the "efficiency" of suppression of the external perturbations by the force transmission from an external source to the load. The results of numerical simulations showed the high efficiency of hysteretic damper both in and outside the resonance region (at the same time it is well known that the linear viscous damper has a weak efficiency outside the resonance region). The disadvantage of the hysteretic damper lies in the fact that its ability to dump the relative motion of the system under external forces is insignificantly reduced outside the resonance region.
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Fan, Cui Lian, and Shun Ming Li. "Analysis of Leaf Spring’s Damping Characteristic Based on Nonlinear Finite Element." Advanced Materials Research 314-316 (August 2011): 1628–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.314-316.1628.
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In order to know about the damping characteristics of leaf spring in the actual working conditions, the finite element model was build with large deformation, interleaf friction and contact considered simultaneously. In the single sinusoidal excitation, the effects of different friction coefficient, amplitude and excitation frequency on the hysteresis and damping characteristics of leaf spring were studied. Many results were reached in the paper. It provided the references for researching the vibration characteristics of leaf spring further in the nonlinear states.
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Rao, J. S., and N. S. Vyas. "Determination of Blade Stresses Under Constant Speed and Transient Conditions With Nonlinear Damping." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 118, no. 2 (April 1, 1996): 424–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2816607.
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Determination of resonant stresses is an important step in the life estimation of turbomachine blades. Resonance may occur either at a steady operating speed or under transient conditions of operation when the blade passes through a critical speed. Damping plays a significant role in limiting the amplitudes of vibration and stress values. The blade damping mechanism is very complex in nature, because of interfacial slip, material hysteresis, and gas dynamic damping occurring simultaneously. In this paper, a numerical technique to compute the stress response of a turbine blade with nonlinear damping characteristics, during steady and transient operations of the rotor, is presented. Damping is defined as a function of vibratory mode, rotor speed, and strain amplitude. The technique is illustrated by computing the stress levels at resonant rotor speeds for typical operation of a turbomachine.
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Liu, Fang Cheng, Jun Yang, and Wei Zhang. "Definition of Strain Amplitude for Cyclic Model to Simulate Actual Damping of Soils under Irregular Loadings." Applied Mechanics and Materials 353-356 (August 2013): 2163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.2163.
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The determination of damping constitutes an essential part of the cyclic characterization of soils. While because of the damping of soils is nonlinear, ie., strain-dependent, the definition of shear strain amplitude under irregular loading process construct the key point of the damping based cyclic models. This paper introduces a new damping-based model (DBM) for nonlinear soil behavior simulation and discusses on the effect of shear strain amplitude definition on model behavior. Both qualitative and quantitative analysis re-sults show that the reversed hysteresis loading curve is significantly influenced by the pre-supposed loading amplitude and generally large pre-proposed shear strain amplitude will lead to low reversed loading trajectory. Analytical comparison among several definitions indicates that defining the maximum reversal point of history as the loading amplitude performs the best.
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Jiang, Jing, Shu Ying Liu, and Bang Chun Wen. "Dynamic Characteristics of Vibrating Cone Crusher with Dual Exciters Considering Material Effects." Advanced Materials Research 902 (February 2014): 148–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.902.148.
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In this paper, the structure, the characteristics and the working principle of vibrating cone crusher with dual exciters were introduced. The hysteretic features of material layers were analyzed. The hysteretic force model with bidirectional symmetrical clearances for the material layer was presented. The mechanical model of two-degree of freedom with bilinear hysteresis and the nonlinear vibration equations of the system were proposed. The equivalent damping and stiffness coefficients of the vibrating system were calculated by asymptotic method. The displacement responses of the system were computed by numerical method and asymptotic method. The results showed that the system responses obtained by an approximate analytical solution were basically identical with the numerical simulation results of the original system.
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Mezgebo, Mebrahtom Gebrekirstos, and Eric M. Lui. "Hysteresis and Soil Site Dependent Input and Hysteretic Energy Spectra for Far-Source Ground Motions." Advances in Civil Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1548319.
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Earthquake input energy spectra for four soil site classes, four hysteresis models, and five ductility levels are developed for far-source ground motion effect. These energy spectra are normalized by a quantity called velocity index (VI). The use of VI allows for the creation of dimensionless spectra and results in smaller coefficients of variation. Hysteretic energy spectra are then developed to address the demand aspect of an energy-based seismic design of structures with 5% critical damping and ductility that ranges from 2 to 5. The proposed input and hysteretic energy spectra are then compared with response spectra generated using nonlinear time history analyses of real ground motions and are found to produce reasonably good results over a relatively large period range.
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Graham, T. A., and P. A. Sullivan. "Pitch-Heave Dynamics of a Segmented Skirt Air Cushion." Journal of Ship Research 46, no. 02 (June 1, 2002): 121–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsr.2002.46.2.121.
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The formulation and experimental validation of a mathematical model of the nonlinear pitch-heave dynamics of an uncompartmented, segmented skirt cushion system for an air cushion vehicle are described. This system relies on surface contact to attain static stiffness in pitch and roll. The formulation includes a dynamic model of the lift air system, the effect of segment flexibility on effective cushion capacitance and on hovergap, and hysteretic skirt-surface contact forces. Predictions of linear stability and of nonlinear response to pitch disturbances are made for two skirt materials, the first generating considerable hysteresis in pitch stiffness, and the second having much greater extensibility but negligible hysteresis. These predictions are compared with experimental results obtained from a 900 kg test model. The basic structure of the system's stability characteristics are correctly predicted; this includes a nonlinear pitch-heave instability associated with coupling between pitch and heave motion, and with the modulation of the cushion volume by pitch motion. However, there remain unaccounted sources of cushion damping. This and other factors, such as sensitivity of the predicted results to the flexure of the panels that form the model air supply plenum, make close quantitative agreement between theory and experiment difficult to achieve.
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Huang, Xiao, Hong Ping Zhu, and Zhi Xiang Hu. "An Improved Contact Model for Pounding Simulation of Base-isolated Highway Bridge." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 3775–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.3775.
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A modified Hertz model with nonlinear damping (Hertz damp model) is proposed for capturing the seismic pounding response of adjacent structures. Relevant parameters in the model are theoretically derived and numerically verified. Then, this model is used to simulate pounding response of a base-isolated highway bridge subjected to near fault ground motions. At the same time, nonlinear viscous dampers are installed between bridge decks for pounding prevention. The appropriate damping coefficient of the dampers can be found by parametric studies. It is shown that nonlinear viscous dampers are effective in reducing the relative displacement between bridge decks. At last, the hysteresis curve, the maximal damper force and stroke are used to demonstrate the behavior of nonlinear viscous dampers. The results indicate that satisfied viscous dampers can be produced to eliminate pounding according to the current manufacturing skills.
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Wang, Hong Yun, Xiang Kun Zeng, and Ji Yong Zhao. "Experimental Study of Dynamic Characteristics and Model Parameter Identification of Tensioner." Advanced Materials Research 988 (July 2014): 332–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.988.332.
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Tensioners play a predominant role in the dynamic behavior of serpentine belt drive systems. The experimental set-up was carried out to study the dynamic characteristics of tensioner. Experimental results illustrate that tensioner shows hysteresis nonlinear dynamic characteristics, and dynamic stiffness and damping of slip motion of up stroke of tensioner are related to excitation frequency and amplitude. The first differential nonlinear model of tensioner was determined, and the parameter identification method of the model was introduced. The accurate of the nonlinear model and effectiveness of the parameter identification method was validated.
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Quanfu, Gao, Zhu Dapeng, and Cao Xingxiao. "Experimental Study on Vibration Transmissibility Properties of Honeycomb Paperboard." Open Mechanical Engineering Journal 8, no. 1 (September 16, 2014): 320–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874155x01408010320.
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The vibration transmissibility properties of a honeycomb paperboard are investigated by experiments. The analysis of the steady-state response of mass loaded honeycomb paperboard system to harmonic base excitation is presented in this paper. An experiment system is formulated and the vibration transmissibility data are obtained under different base excitation amplitude conditions. According to the transmissibility experiments data, we can assume that both the stiffness and damping properties are nonlinear. The hysteresis loops of the honeycomb paperboard-mass system are experimentally obtained, and are used to investigate the stiffness and damping properties of the system. The honeycomb paperboard’s uni-directional vibration transmissibility behavior is modeled by using nonlinear stiffness, the combination of velocity proportional damping and quadratic type nonlinear damping components. The parameters in the model are identified by use of one-term harmonic balance method and the parameters under different load condition are presented. The model and the parameters in this paper can be used to simulate the transmissibility-frequency curves accurately. The model can be used for understanding the vibration transmissibility behaviors of the honeycomb paperboard, and the simulated transmissibility-frequency curves can be used for the packaging design.
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Abdelhamed, M., W. G. Ata, and A. M. Salem. "Nonparametric modeling of magnetorheological damper based on nonlinear black-box technique." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2299, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2299/1/012008.
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Abstract Magnetorheological (MR) dampers are considered the most confident actuators for controlling vibratory systems due to their great advantages like high controllable dynamic range, low power consumption, and fail-safe devices. In this paper, a new nonparametric technique is utilised to model the MR-damper dynamics using Non-Linear Autoregressive Models with Exogenous Inputs (NLARX) approach. The proposed model is constructed based on the measured displacement, velocity, and damping forces of the commercial MR damper under various command voltages. The results of the nonparametric model show that such a model can expect the nonlinear dynamics of the MR damper under a wide range of different operating conditions. Furthermore, the proposed model output is compared with a well-known parametric model namely as Modified Bouc-Wen (MBW) model for additional validation. The comparison shows that the generated model can accurately track the measured damping force characteristics, work done by the damper, and the force-velocity hysteresis. It is also shown that the improvement of the damping force of the proposed model is better than the corresponding damping force of the parametric model which clearly shows the robustness of the generated model. The proposed model improves the root mean square (RMS) values of the experimental damping force by about 93.57% compared to an improvement of about 77.36% of the simulated damping force from the MBW model.
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Farhangi, Visar, Hashem Jahangir, Danial Rezazadeh Eidgahee, Arash Karimipour, Seyed Alireza Nedaei Javan, Hamed Hasani, Nazanin Fasihihour, and Moses Karakouzian. "Behaviour Investigation of SMA-Equipped Bar Hysteretic Dampers Using Machine Learning Techniques." Applied Sciences 11, no. 21 (October 27, 2021): 10057. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112110057.
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Most isolators have numerous displacements due to their low stiffness and damping properties. Accordingly, the supplementary damping systems have vital roles in damping enhancement and lower the isolation system displacement. Nevertheless, in many cases, even by utilising additional dampers in isolation systems, the occurrence of residual displacement is inevitable. To address this issue, in this study, a new smart type of bar hysteretic dampers equipped with shape memory alloy (SMA) bars with recentring features, as the supplementary damper, is introduced and investigated. In this regard, 630 numerical models of SMA-equipped bar hysteretic dampers (SMA-BHDs) were constructed based on experimental samples with different lengths, numbers, and cross sections of SMA bars. Furthermore, by utilising hysteresis curves and the corresponding ideal bilinear curves, the role of geometrical and mechanical parameters in the cyclic behaviour of SMA-BHDs was examined. Due to the deficiency of existing analytical models, proposed previously for steel bar hysteretic dampers (SBHDs), to estimate the first yield point displacement and post-yield stiffness ratio in SMA-BHDs accurately, new models were developed by the artificial neural network (ANN) and group method of data handling (GMDH) approaches. The results showed that, although the ANN models outperform GMDH ones, both ANN- and GMDH-based models can accurately estimate the linear and nonlinear behaviour of SMA-BHDs in pre- and post-yield parts with low errors and high accuracy and consistency.
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Mo, Genlin, Jing Liu, Yongxi Jin, and Wenmin Yan. "Nonlinear isolation performance of 6 × 19 wire rope of different lengths under compression." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 13, no. 6 (June 2021): 168781402110280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16878140211028058.
Full textAbstract:
Stainless steel wire rope isolator is widely used in engineering. To optimize design of the isolator, loading, and unloading characteristics of the 6 × 19 6 mm wire rope under compression are investigated. Ropes of different lengths are tested to get the force-displacement relations. The stiffness, the equivalent damping ratio, and the hysteresis loop of the wire rope are derived. The stiffness decreases with both the length of the rope and the vibration amplitude. It has an approximate linear relationship with the reciprocal of length and amplitude. The equivalent damping ratio has an approximate quadratic relationship with the reciprocal of length and amplitude. The hysteresis loop of the wire rope is described using the proposed quadrilateral model. The loading stage is found to be determined by the length of the rope. The unloading stage is influenced by both the vibration amplitude and the length of the rope. Influences of the excitation amplitude and the frequency on the isolation performance for both steady-state vibration and transient impact vibration are revealed based on the models. The work would help engineers to design the isolators and predict responses of the structures.
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Wu, Min, and Jin Fu Yang. "The Research on Single-Disc Rotor Nonlinear Vibration Model and Mechanism." Advanced Engineering Forum 2-3 (December 2011): 954–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.2-3.954.
Full textAbstract:
Based on mechanical properties of rotor nonlinear vibration and the assumption of large deformation, the rotor nonlinear vibration model in the form of Duffing equation is constructed from typical engineering problems. According to analytical solutions of Duffing equation, system’s equivalent frequency and frequency response equation are derived. Furthermore, the influences of stiffness, damping and nonlinear components are studied. The single-disc rotor nonlinear vibration experimental results verify the rationality and efficiency of nonlinear vibration model’s construction and Duffing equation’s analytical solution and frequency response equation. The mechanisms of resonance, amplitude jump and hysteresis are also revealed. It provides a new research method for rotor vibration characteristics analysis.
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Song, Xubin, Mehdi Ahmadian, Steve Southward, and Lane R. Miller. "An Adaptive Semiactive Control Algorithm for Magnetorheological Suspension Systems." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 127, no. 5 (January 28, 2005): 493–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2013295.
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In this paper, we will present a nonlinear-model-based adaptive semiactive control algorithm developed for magnetorheological (MR) suspension systems exposed to broadband nonstationary random vibration sources that are assumed to be unknown or not measurable. If there exist unknown and∕or varying parameters of the dynamic system such as mass and stiffness, then the adaptive algorithm can include on-line system identification such as a recursive least-squares method. Based on a nonparametric MR damper model, the adaptive system stability is proved by converting the hysteresis inherent with MR dampers to a memoryless nonlinearity with sector conditions. The convergence of the adaptive system, however, is investigated through a linearization approach including further numerical illustration of specific cases. Finally the simulation results for a magnetorheological seat suspension system with the suggested adaptive control are presented. The results are compared with low-damping and high-damping cases, and such comparison further shows the effectiveness of the proposed nonlinear model-based adaptive control algorithm for damping tuning.
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Zhang, Shuguang, Wenku Shi, and Zhiyong Chen. "Modeling and Parameter Identification of MR Damper considering Excitation Characteristics and Current." Shock and Vibration 2021 (April 7, 2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6691650.
Full textAbstract:
Smart structures such as damping adjustable dampers made of magnetorheological (MR) fluid can be used to attenuate vibration transmission in vehicle seat suspension. The main research content of this paper is the nonlinearity and hysteresis characteristics of the MR damper. A hysteretic model considering both excitation characteristics and input current is proposed to fit the damper force-velocity curve for the MR damper under different conditions. Multifactor sensitivity analysis based on the neural network method is used to obtain importance parameters of the hyperbolic tangent model. In order to demonstrate the fitting precision of the different models, the shuffled frog-leaping algorithm (SFLA) is employed to identify the parameters of MR damper models. The research results indicate that the modified model can not only describe the nonlinear hysteretic behavior of the MR damper more accurately in fixed conditions, compared with the original model, but also meet the fitting precision under a wide range of magnitudes of control current and excitation conditions (frequency and amplitude). The method of parameter sensitivity analysis and identification can also be used to modify other nonlinear dynamic models.
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Wang, Ban, Haozheng Li, and Juyong Zhang. "Experimental investigations on nonlinear mechanical behaviors of Kevlar tether." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 18 (January 2023): 155892502311613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15589250231161330.
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A Kevlar tether usually exhibits strong nonlinearity in engineering applications, bringing new challenges to the modeling of tether dynamics. The nonlinear mechanical behaviors, including creep behavior, nonlinear stiffness, hysteresis effect, and dynamical property of a Kevlar tether, are investigated through a series of experiments. The longitudinal loading experiment setup is established, from which the relationships between tether deformation, tension, and time can be obtained. The creep process of Kevlar tethers is divided into three stages, namely, linear creep stage, deceleration creep stage, and long-term creep stage. This paper studied the longitudinal nonlinear stiffness of a Kevlar tether, whose nonlinearity is fitted by the cubic function model. The hysteresis effect under single loading and unloading is fitted well by the Kawabata stress-strain model, which verifies the correctness and validity of Kawabata model. The nonlinear dynamical model, which includes the elastic force, hysteresis force, and damping force, is established to describe the general dynamical property of the Kevlar tether. The experiment results verify the correctness of the dynamical model form. To simplify the analysis, a simplified model is proposed to describe the dynamical property of the Kevlar tether, and the parameters have a good consistency. The works in this paper contribute to the accurate modeling of flexible tether and lay the foundation for the further research of tether dynamics and control.
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Fang, Ming Xia. "Aeroelastic Analysis of Supersonic Airfoil with Hysteretic Nonlinearities." Applied Mechanics and Materials 141 (November 2011): 180–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.141.180.
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Considering nonlinear aerodynamic forces and airfoil structure nonlinearity, aeroelasticity of supersonic airfoil was researched. Using the bifurcation diagram, phase diagram and Poincare map，effect of airfoil aeroelasticity by nonlinear aerodynamic forces and parameters of structural hysteresis was analyzed. Research shows that only consider nonlinear aerodynamic force, systematic motion tends to periodic and quasi- periodic LCO movement, and the vibration amplitude of plunge and pitch movement leap with Ma increasing .When taking into account the nonlinear aerodynamic force and structural nonlinearity, with the change of damping factor, the system will appear subcritical and supercritical flutter, and for the influence of nonlinear structure, movement leap of vibration amplitude does not occur. This means the choice of reasonable structure parameters will help to improve the aeroelastic characteristics of airfoil.
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Surovyatkina, E. "Prebifurcation noise amplification and noise-dependent hysteresis as indicators of bifurcations in nonlinear geophysical systems." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 12, no. 1 (January 13, 2005): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-12-25-2005.
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Abstract. The phenomena of prebifurcation noise amplification and noise-dependent hysteresis are studied as prospective indicators of bifurcations ("noisy precursor") in nonlinear Geophysical systems. The phenomenon of prebifurcation noise amplification arises due to decreasing of damping coefficients just before bifurcation. A simple method for the estimation of the forced fluctuation variance is suggested which is based on results of linear theory up to the boundary of its validity. The upper level for the fluctuation variance before the onset of the bifurcation is estimated from the condition that the contribution of the non-linear term becomes comparable (in the sense of mean squares) with that of the linear term. The method has proved to be efficient for two simple bifurcation models (period doubling bifurcation and pitchfork bifurcation) and might be helpful in application to geophysics problems. The transition of a nonlinear system through the bifurcation point offers a new opportunity for estimating the internal noise using the magnitude of the noise-dependent hysteretic loop, which occurs when the control parameter is changed in the forward and backward direction.
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Yang, B. Q., L. Zhang, Q. Shen, L. X. Liu, and C. Shi. "Aerodynamic characteristics of Spin-stabilized Projectile at High Angle of Attack." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2460, no. 1 (April 1, 2023): 012067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2460/1/012067.
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Abstract Researching the aerodynamic characteristic of projectile at high angle of attack could serve to determine the launching condition and the design method of aerodynamic configuration. The aerodynamic coefficients of a kind of spin-stabilized projectile were calculated and analyzed by CFD. An efficient and precise method of calculating the pitching damping moment was obtained to research the aerodynamic coupling characteristic of spinning motion and pitching motion. The results showed that the aerodynamic coefficients of projectile at high angle of attack was nonlinear, the pitching damping moment was proportional to the pitching angular velocity, magnus force had hysteresis characteristic which was affected by pitching amplitude and frequency.
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Igusa, T., and R. Sinha. "Response Analysis of Secondary Systems With Nonlinear Supports." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 113, no. 4 (November 1, 1991): 524–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2928790.
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This paper introduces a simplified random vibrations analysis method of linear secondary systems with nonlinear supports. The method separates, as much as possible, the nonlinear analysis of the supports from the linear analysis of the remainder of the secondary system. Equivalent linearization is used to generate response-dependent linear properties of the supports directly from hysteresis loops. These properties are then combined with the properties of the secondary system, and a response analysis is performed using mode combination. The analysis procedure is simpler than standard random vibration methods, and for narrow-band responses, it accurately models nonlinear behavior. In addition, the procedure uses equivalent modal quantities, such as natural frequencies and damping ratios, which provide insight into the effects of the nonlinear supports on the secondary system.
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Yamaguchi, Takao, Yusaku Fujii, Tomoyuki Kanai, Kenichi Nagai, and Shinichi Maruyama. "Numerical Simulation of Impact Responses for an Elastic Structure with a Viscoelastic Spring Including Nonlinear Hysteresis Damping." Applied Mechanics and Materials 36 (October 2010): 205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.36.205.
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To compute dynamic characteristics of nonlinear viscoelastic springs with elastic structures having huge degree-of-freedom, Yamaguchi proposed a new fast numerical method using finite element method. In this method, restoring forces of the springs are expressed using power series of their elongation. In the expression, nonlinear hysterisis damping is introduced. Finite element for the nonlinear spring having complex coefficients is expressed and is connected to the elastic structures modeled by linear solid finite element. Further, to save computational time, the discrete equations in physical coordinate are transformed into the nonlinear ordinary coupled equations using normal coordinate corresponding to linear natural modes. In this report, the proposed method is applied to simulation for impact responses of a silicone block with an elastic structure (a S-shaped structure) by colliding with a concentrated mass. The concentrated mass has initial velocities and collides with the silicon block. Accelerations of the elastic structure and the concentrated mass are measured using Levitation Mass Method proposed by Fujii. The calculated accelerations from the proposed FEM, corresponds to the experimental ones.
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Radin, V. P., E. V. Poznyak, V. P. Chirkov, and O. V. Novikova. "Dynamic characteristics and adjustment of vibration isolators using the bilinear hysteresis." Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Маchine Building, no. 12 (753) (December 2022): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/0536-1044-2022-12-14-23.
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The paper considers dynamic characteristics of a vibration protection device with bilinear deformation diagram and hysteresis behavior as part of a system with one degree of freedom. Based on results of the numerical simulation of the system’s response to harmonic effects, the amplitude-frequency characteristics (AFC) of relative displacements and absolute accelerations were constructed. AFC dependences on the limiting elastic displacement and the ratio of the diagram sections stiffness were studied. Based on the AFC, best parameters of a bilinear vibration isolator were determined to reduce the system dynamic response; besides, the nonlinear system resonant frequencies and the damping frequency regions were found.
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Muszynska, Agnes. "Transition to Fluid-Induced Limit Cycle Self-Excited Vibrations of a Rotor and Instability Threshold “Hysteresis”." International Journal of Rotating Machinery 5, no. 2 (1999): 123–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1023621x99000111.
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The transient process which starts at the instability threshold of a rotor rotating in a fluid environment, and ends up in the limit cycle of self-excited vibrations known as fluid whirl or fluid whip, is discussed in this paper. A one-lateral-mode, isotropic, nonlinear model of the rotor with fluid interaction allows for exact particular solutions and an estimation of the transient process. The fluid interacting with the rotor is contained in a small radial clearance area, such as in bearings, seals, or rotor-to-stator clearances, and its effects are represented by fluid film radial stiffness, damping, and fluid inertia rotating at a different angular velocities.The effects of fluid damping and fluid inertia circumferential velocity ratios on the rotor startup and shutdown instability threshold differences are also discussed.
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Malovrh, Brendon, and Farhan Gandhi. "Partial Hyperbolic-Tangent Friction Element Based Phenomenological Models for Shape Memory Alloy Pseudoelastic Hysteresis." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 128, no. 3 (April 11, 2006): 346–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2204941.
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A new mechanism-based phenomenological model, comprising linear and nonlinear springs and a nonlinear friction element, is presented for the pseudoelastic damping behavior of shape memory alloys. The use of a partial hyperbolic tangent friction element (a hybrid of an ideal and hyperbolic tangent friction element) is seen to increase accuracy in simulating experimental hysteresis behavior over earlier models. Comparisons are then made with existing models. Compared to the thermodynamic-based models, the present models have the benefit of not requiring calculation of austenite-martensite phase transformations. Unlike previously developed phenomenological models, the models presented herein have mechanical analogies that provide a strong physical basis, and clear relationships can be established between the unlocking of the friction element and the occurrence of phase transformation. These models are simpler and more intuitive than existing models.
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Lei, Jin Song, Yin Sheng Zou, Ya Li Wang, and Qing Ma. "Nonlinear Dynamic Response Analysis of the Braced Steel Frame with Wedge Devices." Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (October 2011): 685–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.685.
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In order to research the nonlinear dynamic respond analysis of a new braced steel frame with wedge devices under the action of earthquake, its damping mechanism is analyzed, and the computational model is obtained. Based on the mechanism of multiple resistant lateral system, the explicit nonlinear dynamic analysis and dynamic contact algorithm are adopted to separately analyze the steel frame with no brace, with centric and eccentric brace, and with the new braced wedge block. During the analysis, in order to take the material and geometrical bi-nonlinear into account, the material model is chosen as the bilinear equivalent strength, and the explicit centered difference algorithm is adopted. It can be obtained from structural deformation and energy and so on. The results show that the stiffness of structure decays after plastic deformation in the earthquake effect, and the hysteresis energy consumption and system dumping appear. The nonlinear dynamic response of steel frame is affected by resistant lateral stiffness, plastic deformation, and system damping. The braced steel frame with wedge block regulates the displacement and acceleration response with yield energy dissipation of brace, as it provides resistance lateral stiffness to control the deformation. This kind of structure has strong adaptability to earthquake intensity and good seismic performance.
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Li, Wenjun, Chen Zhang, Wei Gao, and Miaolei Zhou. "Neural Network Self-Tuning Control for a Piezoelectric Actuator." Sensors 20, no. 12 (June 12, 2020): 3342. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20123342.
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Piezoelectric actuators (PEA) have been widely used in the ultra-precision manufacturing fields. However, the hysteresis nonlinearity between the input voltage and the output displacement, which possesses the properties of rate dependency and multivalued mapping, seriously impedes the positioning accuracy of the PEA. This paper investigates a control methodology without the hysteresis model for PEA actuated nanopositioning systems, in which the inherent drawback generated by the hysteresis nonlinearity aggregates the control accuracy of the PEA. To address this problem, a neural network self-tuning control approach is proposed to realize the high accuracy tracking with respect to the system uncertainties and hysteresis nonlinearity of the PEA. First, the PEA is described as a nonlinear equation with two variables, which are unknown. Then, using the capabilities of super approximation and adaptive parameter adjustment, the neural network identifiers are used to approximate the two unknown variables automatically updated without any off-line identification, respectively. To verify the validity and effectiveness of the proposed control methodology, a series of experiments is executed on a commercial PEA product. The experimental results illustrate that the established neural network self-tuning control method is efficient in damping the hysteresis nonlinearity and enhancing the trajectory tracking property.
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Germoso, Claudia, Jean Louis Duval, and Francisco Chinesta. "Harmonic-Modal Hybrid Reduced Order Model for the Efficient Integration of Non-Linear Soil Dynamics." Applied Sciences 10, no. 19 (September 27, 2020): 6778. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10196778.
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Nonlinear behavior of soils during a seismic event has a predominant role in current site response analysis. Soil response analysis, and more concretely laboratory data, indicate that the stress-strain relationship of soils is nonlinear and exhibits hysteresis. An equivalent linearization method, in which non-linear characteristics of shear modulus and damping factor of soils are modeled as equivalent linear relations of the shear strain is usually applied, but this assumption, however, may lead to a conservative approach of the seismic design. In this paper, we propose an alternative analysis formulation, able to address forced response simulation of soils exhibiting their characteristic nonlinear behavior. The proposed approach combines ingredients of modal and harmonic analyses enabling efficient time-integration of nonlinear soil behaviors based on the offline construction of a dynamic response parametric solution by using Proper Generalized Decomposition (PGD)-based model order reduction technique.
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Ciornei, Florina-Carmen, Stelian Alaci, Sorinel-Toderas Siretean, and Mariana-Catalina Ciornei. "An improved model for the damped impact of composite materials applicable to wind turbine blades." MATEC Web of Conferences 184 (2018): 01008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201818401008.
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Composite materials are used in manufacturing a vast game of products, from usual objects, medical devices, aerospatial parts to military equipment. One of the features considered when a composite material is designed as target aims the energy dissipation with respect to the projectile. The paper presents an improved alternative of a model which is broadly used in the impact of projectile and composite target. The initial model has the weakness that does not present the hysteresis loop. The improvement of the model consists in including a nonlinear damper placed between the projectile and the target, the damping force being simultaneously proportional to the impact velocity and the elastic force. The new model has a hysteresis loop closed in the origin. The proposed model is applied for concrete situations and the results are presented in graphical manner.
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Zhang, Xiao Long, Ya Bin Dong, and Yu Min He. "Theoretical Analysis for Force Transmissibility and Jump Phenomena of Duffing Spring Type Vibration Isolator." Applied Mechanics and Materials 224 (November 2012): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.224.11.
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In order to study the common nonlinear characteristics of the vibration isolator, a single degree of freedom system with cubic restoring force is introduced to describe the nonlinear vibration isolation system in the paper and the harmonic balance method was applied to investigate the primary resonance near the natural frequency of the system. Based on Routh–Hurwitz stability criterion, it was clarified theoretically that the region surrounded by the curve of the vertical tangential points in the curve cluster of the primary resonance amplitude frequency characteristics was instable. In addition, the equations of the jump frequency and force transmissibility were derived. The calculated results showed that the jump, hysteresis, stable and instable phenomena would take place for the force transmissibility of the isolator system and the effect of high frequency components of the transmitting force was limited; the damping, coefficient of nonlinear restoring force and the excitation amplitude had an influence on the force transmissibility whose frequencies were in the region of the resonance frequencies but not on those whose frequencies were lower than the resonance frequencies, and only the damping would affect the force transmissibility whose frequencies were higher than the resonance frequencies. Finally, the equation of the start frequency, on the condition that the force transmissibility was less than 1, was presented.
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Xie, Mingyu, Qiangzhong Wang, and Faxin Li. "Linear and nonlinear electro-elastic/electro-damping effect in ferroelectric ceramics." Journal of Applied Physics 132, no. 19 (November 21, 2022): 195105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0117912.
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The linear piezoelectric and nonlinear hysteresis behaviors of ferroelectrics are well-known and have been extensively studied. However, less attention has been paid to the variations of their mechanical properties under electric loading. In this work, using tube and cylinder specimens, three independent elastic coefficients and related internal frictions of PZT-5H ferroelectric ceramics are measured using our proposed modified piezoelectric ultrasonic composite oscillator technique (M-PUCOT) under an electric field E3 along the poling direction. Results show that under low electric fields, the elastic coefficients [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and all internal frictions decrease linearly with E3, whereas [Formula: see text] increases linearly with E3. Based on these linear results, two fifth-order tensors are defined, i.e., linear electro-elastic and linear electro-damping tensor with the reduced symbol of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], among which [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] are obtained in this work. When the applied electric field exceeds the coercive field (∼500 V/mm), nonlinear electro-elastic/electro-damping effect dominates, resulting in reversed butterfly curves for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] and butterfly curves for [Formula: see text]. As to the internal frictions under large bipolar fields, they seem to be a superposition of the reversed butterfly curves and a peak or valley at the coercive field. The linear electro-elastic effect in ferroelectric ceramics is caused by the reversible domain wall motions while the nonlinear electro-elastic effect is caused by non-180° domain switching and is well reproduced by a statistical model. The linear and nonlinear electro-elastic/electro-damping results obtained in this work offer new insight into the electromechanical coupling behavior of ferroelectric materials.