Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Nonlinearities on steel structures'
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Lavall, Armando Cesar Campos. "Uma formulação consistente para análise não-linear de pórticos planos de aço considerando imperfeições iniciais e tensões residuais." Universidade de São Paulo, 1996. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-02042018-112300/.
Full textA consistent finite element formulation to consider material and geometric nonlinearities of steel plane frames is presented. Residual stresses and initial imperfections are considered to evaluate steel columns failure criteria based on the ultimate strength and also to investigate the nonlinear behavior of steel plane frames. Some qualitative considerations are made on the initial imperfections and residual stresses influence on the practical steel columns design. A general theory considering self equilibrated residual stresses is developed based on the Lagrangian formulation. Corotacional technique is used to obtain the tangent stiffness matrix of plane frame taking the initial imperfection into account. A stand alone code has been written in FORTRAN and implemented on a microcomputer platform to perform incremental-iterative analysis of nonlinear elastoplastic plane frame problems. The frame element is made up of layers such that the plastic region can be readily identified and any kind of residual stresses through the cross section area can be taken into account in the analysis. Some examples are presented and their results compared to others in the literature. The multistory building analyses using the plane frame element presented in this research has shown to be very effective and useful to practical applications.
Leal, Luiz Alberto Araújo de Seixas. "Análise elástica dos efeitos da não linearidade geométrica em estruturas de aço." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3144/tde-14122014-161038/.
Full textThe analysis of steel structures subjected to vertical and horizontal loads, regarding internal forces, displacements and rotations, often requires the consideration of geometrically nonlinear effects. In other words, the interaction between displacements and external loads may cause a changing in the intensity of internal forces acting on the structure which, if not correctly evaluated, lead to significant reducing of structural safety. In this context, there exist two main methodologies to evaluate these effects: one based on approximated analysis and another based on geometrically exact analysis. The approximated analysis can be usually characterized by a study based on the equilibrium of the structure at its initial or undeformed configuration (geometrically linear analysis) and, further, by estimating the internal forces acting at the final or deformed configuration by means of amplifier coefficients. On the other hand, the main characteristic of the geometrically exact analysis is to verify the equilibrium conditions directly at the deformed configuration, without any restrictions regarding the magnitude of displacements and rotations or, in other words, observe the geometrically exact (nonlinear) behaviour directly at the final equilibrium configuration. This work purposes to develop a comparative study between one of the approximated methods the one based on the so called B1 and B2 coefficients, recommended by the Brazilian code ABNT NBR 8800:2008 and a method based on geometrically exact analysis, to verify the similarities and differences of results. The computational tools employed are the softwares FTOOL and PEFSYS, based on linear and nonlinear rod theories, respectively.
Sarver, George Lertin. "Energy transfer and dissipation in structures with discrete nonlinearities." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34031.
Full textXie, Feng. "Resonant optical nonlinearities in cascade and coupled quantum well structures." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3101.
Full textLee, Siu-lam Anderson, and 李韶林. "Temperature distribution in steel structures." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3122300X.
Full textLee, Siu-lam Anderson. "Temperature distribution in steel structures /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21490090.
Full textCastanheira, Joel Filipe Gonçalves. "Steel structures design: practical applications." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/11492.
Full textO presente trabalho está inserido num estágio realizado na empresa Alstom e aborda o dimensionamento e a execução de estruturas metálicas para o suporte de tanques de arrefecimento de turbinas de gás. No presente trabalho é referido o dimensionamento da estrutura metálica no seguimento da execução de um projecto (Carrington). No dimensionamento da estrutura metálica tem-se como bastante relevante os seguintes dados: a velocidade do vento, actividade sísmica, tipo de acesso para manutenção dos tanques de arrefecimento, movimentos dos tanques, tipos de normas foram utilizadas no projecto e ainda saber se a estrutura esta situada dentro ou fora do complexo. Os movimentos dos tanques de arrefecimento da turbina de gás tem uma enorme importância no dimensionamento porque, quando conectamos os tanques à estrutura metálica é necessário implementar amortecedores para evitar o choque dos tanques com a estrutura metalica. Estes amortecedores evitam o movimento rápido quando existe actividade sismica travando o movimento dos tanques. Depois do dimensionamento da estrutura estar concretizada, é necessário proceder aos detalhes, neste caso todas as peças desta estrutura têm que ser detalhados em desenho criado em AutoCAD, de maneira a que o fabricante da estrutura saiba toda a informação necessaria para a manufactura da mesma. Também é criado, para isto, uma lista detalhada juntamente com a instrução de montagem com todos os materiais usados na construção da estrutura metálica. A tese fará uma descrição mais aprofundada dos referidos assuntos.
This thesis presentation is in association to an internship program at Alstom, and undertakes the design and execution of metallic structures used to support gas turbine cooling vessels. Specifically mentioned in this thesis is the design and execution of a steel structure for a specific project (Carrington). When designing a metallic structure, the following inputs are extremely relevant; wind velocity, seismic activity, access options for the maintenance of the vessels, the movements of the vessels, subsequent norms or criteria to be used on the project as well as whether the structure is to be located indoor or outdoor of the plant. The movement of the vessels of the gas turbine has an enormous importance on the design of the structure. When connecting the tanks to the steel structure it is necessary to install shock absorbers/ snubbers to avoid any clashes. These shock absorbers prevent any rapid movement of the tanks due to seismic activity. When the steel structure has been designed, it is necessary to finalize any remaining details. In this case, ali the specific pieces pertaining to the structure have to be detailed and illustrated on the AutoCAD program, giving the supplier ali the specific information necessary for the manufacturing process. A detailed list, called bill of material, is also put together along with an instruction assembly manual, of ali materiais used in the construction of the steel structure. The thesis will make a more detailed description of these subjects.
Magnevall, Martin. "Methods for Simulation and Characterization of Nonlinear Mechanical Structures." Licentiate thesis, Karlskrona : Blekinge Institute of Technology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-00430.
Full textOosthuizen, Daniel Rudolph. "Data modelling of industrial steel structures." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53346.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: AP230 of STEP is an application protocol for structural steel-framed buildings. Product data relating to steel structures is represented in a model that captures analysis, design and manufacturing views. The information requirements described in AP230 were analysed with the purpose of identifying a subset of entities that are essential for the description of simple industrial steel frames with the view to being able to describe the structural concept, and to perform the structural analysis and design of such structures. Having identified the essential entities, a relational database model for these entities was developed. Planning, analysis and design applications will use the database to collaboratively exchange data relating to the structure. The comprehensiveness of the database model was investigated by mapping a simple industrial frame to the database model. Access to the database is provided by a set of classes called the database representative classes. The data-representatives are instances that have the same selection identifiers and attributes as corresponding information units in the database. The datarepresentatives' primary tasks are to store themselves in the database and to retrieve their state from the database. A graphical user interface application, programmed in Java, used for the description of the structural concept with the capacity of storing the concept in the database and retrieving it again through the use of the database representative classes was also created as part of this project.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: AP230 van STEP is 'n toepassingsprotokol wat staal raamwerke beskryf. Die produkdata ter beskrywing van staal strukture word saamgevat in 'n model wat analise, ontwerp en vervaardigings oogmerke in aanmerking neem. Die informasie vereistes, soos beskryf in AP230, is geanaliseer om 'n subset van entiteite te identifiseer wat noodsaaklik is vir die beskrywing van 'n eenvoudige nywerheidsstruktuur om die strukturele konsep te beskryf en om die struktuur te analiseer en te ontwerp. Nadat die essensiële entiteite geïdentifiseer is, is 'n relasionele databasismodel van die entiteite geskep. Beplanning, analise en ontwerptoepassings maak van die databasis gebruik om kollaboratief data oor strukture uit te ruil. Die omvattenheid van die databasis-model is ondersoek deur 'n eenvoudige nywerheidsstruktuur daarop afte beeld. Toegang tot die databasis word verskaf deur 'n groep Java klasse wat bekend staan as die verteenwoordigende databasis klasse. Hierdie databasis-verteenwoordigers is instansies met dieselfde identifikasie eienskappe as die ooreenkomstige informasie eenhede in die databasis. Die hoofdoel van die databasis-verteenwoordigers is om hulself in die databasis te stoor asook om hul rang weer vanuit die databasis te verkry. 'n Grafiese gebruikerskoppelvlak, geprogrammeer in Java, is ontwikkel. Die koppelvlak word gebruik om die strukturele konsep te beskryf, dit te stoor na die databasis en om dit weer, met behulp van die databasis-verteenwoordigers, uit die databasis te haal.
Narang, Vikas A. "Heat Transfer Analysis In Steel Structures." Link to electronic thesis, 2005. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-050405-133533/.
Full textSurampudi, Bala Anjani Vasudha. "High-Resolution Modeling of Steel Structures." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1504787210175847.
Full textDergham, Serge. "A new analytical approach for assessing the effect of joint nonlinearities in space structures." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14557.
Full textTitle as it appears in M.I.T. Graduate List, June 1988: A new analytical approach to study the effects of joints nonlinearities in space structures.
Includes bibliographical references.
by Serge Dergham.
M.S.
Khorasani, Yalda. "Feasibility study of hybrid wood steel structures." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/33561.
Full textKim, Uksun. "Seismic behavior of steel joist girder structures." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20804.
Full textMartinsson, Johan. "Fatigue assessment of complex welded steel structures." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-166.
Full textAbu, Sha'ari. "Analysis of steel frame structures in fire." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1991. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/3065/.
Full textWu, Yu-You. "Cathodic protection of steel framed masonry structures." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2005. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/20575/.
Full textUnderwood, J. "Strength assessment of damaged steel ship structures." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2013. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/355704/.
Full textSarveswaran, Velautham. "Remaining capacity of corrosion damaged steel structures." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/dd074d92-3e3b-4a6c-8bed-ce7dc447307b.
Full textWilliams, Stephen Michael. "The condition monitoring of damaged steel structures." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/1e269816-fae1-4ffc-9b7b-75ba997377b6.
Full textJarrett, Jordan Alesa. "Performance Assessment of Seismic Resistant Steel Structures." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/24773.
Full textPh. D.
Gosaye, Fida Kaba Jonathan. "Behaviour and design of prestressed steel structures." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/34395.
Full textWalsh, Michael Thomas. "Corrosion of Steel in Submerged Concrete Structures." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6048.
Full textKent, A. J. "Finite element models for the analysis of reinforced concrete shell structures with geometric and material nonlinearities." Thesis, Swansea University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.280516.
Full textLiu, Jinbiao. "Earthquake analysis of steel moment resisting frame structures." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ27000.pdf.
Full textLang, Christopher Leslie. "Composite patching of fatigue cracks in steel structures." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/2041.
Full textRose, Paul Stuart. "Simulation of steel/concrete composite structures in fire." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1999. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2995/.
Full textLi, Hongyu. "Analysis of steel silo structures on discrete supports." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1994. http://webex.lib.ed.ac.uk/homes/li94.html.
Full textManson, Leigh (Leigh Caroline). "Analysis and comparison of connections in steel structures." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34593.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 54-55).
The topic of connections is often given only limited attention in structural analysis and design of buildings, despite the fact that they can play a critical role in the structure. It is customary practice in the U.S. for the structural engineer to design the structural members, but leave the connection details to the steel fabricator. While this practice is more efficient and pragmatic in some instances, it is also necessary for structural engineers to have a good knowledge of connection behavior, especially when dealing with newer or atypical connections. Both the theoretical modeling of connections and the physical geometry and components of connections are considered in this thesis. For the theoretical modeling of connections, the concept of semi-rigid connections as an alternative to the conventional idealizations of perfectly pinned or rigid connections will be addressed. Included will be methods to model and design semi-rigid connection behavior within frames. The effects of connection behavior on frames will also be considered.
(cont.) With regard to the physical components of connections, an overview of types of fasteners and joints will be presented, including types and methods of installing bolts and welds, shop-welded, field-bolted column trees, and comparisons between these options. A final section presents options for connections between hollow structural sections of both circular and rectangular cross sections. Finally, the topics covered for connections will be applied to the design project for the MIT class 1.562 as part of the MEng program in high performance structures.
by Leigh Manson.
M.Eng.
West, Anna Elizabeth. "Contributors to waterside corrosion of soil-steel structures." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/45606.
Full textQureshi, Jawed Qureshi. "Finite element modelling of steel-concrete composite structures." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2010. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/21112/.
Full textWang, Jie. "Behaviour and design of high strength steel structures." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/43758.
Full textRahgozar, Reza. "Fatigue endurance of steel structures subjected to corrosion." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/ea197da9-80da-4385-a7ed-eabd7acdedec.
Full textHinton, Jackson Daniel. "Corrosion of Hydraulic Steel Structures and Preventive Measures." Thesis, Mississippi State University, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10978643.
Full textHydraulic steel structures (HSS) are key components of U.S. Army Corps of Engineers infrastructure and are subject to corrosive environments, unpredictable loadings, and extreme conditions. Corrosion can take many forms and can cause costly damage to HSS due to inadequate design of protective measures. There are numerous forms of corrosion that have a negative effect on HSS, as well as material properties that need consideration when designing HSS preventive measures. Understanding corrosion and providing proper preventive measures is crucial for HSS. Proper maintenance and repair of these protection systems also play a significant part in corrosion control of HSS.
Gowda, Sunil. "MULTI-SCALE EFFECTS OF CORROSION ON STEEL STRUCTURES." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1469007207.
Full textMasendeke, Rugare B. "Parametric study of stiffened steel containment shell structures." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/19019.
Full textA FEM-based parametric study is undertaken to investigate the buckling behavior of meridionally and circumferentially stiffened steel cylindrical and conical shell frustum subjected to different load cases. This situation arises in different steel shell applications such as storage vessels (liquid, solid and gas) and in certain configurations of industrial process facilities. The stiffeners are flat strips of rectangular section welded on to the outer surface of the shell, either over the whole length of the shell meridian or around the circumference of the shell. It is required to establish how the elastic buckling load and mode shapes vary with respect to certain key parameters of the problem. The parameters of interest in the study include the number of stiffeners around the shell circumference and along the meridian, the stiffener-depth to shell-thickness ratio, and the stiffener depth-to-width ratio. This thesis reports the findings of the parametric study and also presents some results of experimental tests on laboratory small-scale models of stiffened cylindrical and conical frusta.
Oosthuizen, Phillip. "Assessment of steel structures subjected to fire conditions." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5013.
Full textRUNGTHONGBAISUREE, Somkiat. "FUNDAMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS ON CORROSION DETERIORATION OF STEEL STRUCTURES." Kyoto University, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/138450.
Full textHayes, Alethea M. "Compression behavior of linear cellular steel." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/32857.
Full textTheofanous, Marios. "Studies of the Nonlinear response of stainless steel structures." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.509809.
Full textKimura, Fumiaki. "Probabilistic Design of Steel Structures Applied to Offshore Pipelines." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.511814.
Full textTing, Arthur Kung Kii. "Time Equivalent for Protected Steel and Reinforced Concrete Structures." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Civil Engineering, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8296.
Full textLane, Barbara. "The response of steel frame structures under fire conditions." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/12119.
Full textNemir, M. T. M. "Finite element stability analysis of thin-walled steel structures." Thesis, University of Salford, 1985. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/2219/.
Full textEl-, Shihy A. M. "Unwelded shear connectors in composite steel and concrete structures." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374861.
Full textChen, Liquan. "Steel corrosion sensing and chloride control in concrete structures /." View abstract or full-text, 2008. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CIVL%202008%20CHEN.
Full textCARDOSO, DEVANEY CRISTINA LIMA. "NUMERICAL MODELING OF SEMI-RIGID CONNECTION FOR STEEL STRUCTURES." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 1999. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=1270@1.
Full textLigações semi-rígidas em estruturas de aço tem apresentado uso crescente na construção metálica, pois é uma opção que permite um melhor aproveitamento da capacidade da estrutura. Neste trabalho apresentam-se as características e a classificação das ligações semi-rígidas bem como a evolução da modelagem numérica e analítica do comportamento destas ligações. Apresenta-se uma metodologia com base no método dos elementos finitos para avaliar numericamente a relação momento-rotação de conexões viga-coluna em estruturas de aço. Parte essencial desta metodologia é a modelagem da ligação e de seus diversos componentes. Um modelo completo em termos da geometria, capaz de representar a interação entre os diversos componentes da conexão é proposto. Esta modelagem inclui a discretização de todos os componentes da conexão: placa e ou cantoneiras, porcas, coluna e viga, sendo a extensão da viga e da coluna a ser considerada no modelo escolhida por calibração do mesmo. O contato entre os componentes da ligação é considerado por meio de algoritmo específico de contato com base na formulação de um problema linear complementar. Considera-se contato sem atrito entre corpos deformáveis. A fim de representar com mais fidelidade as características tridimensionais do problema, adota-se uma modelagem também tridimensional com base em elementos finitos híbridos hexaédricos de oito nós, permitindo o emprego de uma discretização relativamente grosseira. Fenômenos como a presença de grandes deformações, plastificação dos componentes e a pré-tensão dos parafusos são incluídos no modelo. Os modelos apresentados são empregados para o estudo do comportamento de ligações tipo placa de extremidade estendida e tipo cantoneira de alma simples. Para validação dos modelos são comparados os resultados numéricos com dados experimentais. Analisa-se também a participação da flexibilidade dos diversos componentes da conexão, tais como: parafuso, placa de extremidade, mesa da coluna, na resposta da conexão.
Semi-rigid connections are now-a-days widely employed by steel structures. Such connections take better advantage of the overall structure capabilities. In this work the properties and classification of semi-rigid connections is discussed. Additionally numerical and analytical models for prediction of connection behavior are presented. A finite element based methodology for the numerical evaluation of moment-rotation relations and load carrying capacity of semi-rigid connections is proposed. An important feature of this model is a complete a three dimensional geometrical description of the many components of the connection, such as plates, column, beam, bolts and nuts and the interaction between them. The extension of beam and column to be modeled is determined by numerical calibration. Frictionless contact between the connection components is considered by a specific contact algorithm which ensures non- penetration and permits separation of the individual parts. In this work a solution strategy for the contact problem based on the establishment of a linear complementary problem is adopted. The three dimensional modeling is carried out by a mesh of hybrid hexahedral eight node elements, which allow the use of relatively coarse meshes. Effects such as the presence of large deformations, yielding of components and pre- stressing of bolts are present in the model. The proposed model is applied to the analysis of the behavior of extended end-plate connections and web cleat connections. The numerical results are compared to experimental data for model validation. One of the objectives of this analysis is the evaluation of the participation of each component on the overall flexibility of the connection.
El uso de ligaduras semirígidas en extructuras de acero ha experimentado un crescimiento importante en la construcción metálica. Esta opción permite un mejor aprovechamiento de la capacidad de la extructura. En este trabajo se presentan las características de las ligaduras semirígidas, su clasificación; y la evolución de los modelos numéricos y analíticos del comportamiento de estas ligaduras. Se discute una metodología con base en el método de los elementos finitos para evaluar numéricamente la relación momento-rotación de conexiones viga-columna en extructuras de acero. La parte esencial de esta metodología es el modelo de la ligadura y sus diversos componentes. Se propone un modelo completo en términos de geometría, capaz de representar la interacción entre los diversos componentes de la conexión. Este modelo incluye la discretización de todos los componentes de la conexión, siendo que la extensión de la viga y de la coluna a ser considerada en el modelo, deberá ser elegida por calibración del mismo. Para considerar el contacto entre los componentes de la ligadura se utiliza el algoritmo específico de contacto con base en la formulación de un problema lineal complementar. A fin de representar con más fidelidad las características tridimensionales del problema, se adoptó un modelo tridimensional con base en elementos finitos híbridos hexaédricos de ocho nodos, permitiendo el empleo de una discretización relativamente grosera. Se incluyen en el modelo fenómenos como la presencia de grandes deformaciones, plastificación de los componentes y la pretensión de los tornillos. Los modelos presentados se emplean en el estudio del comportamiento de ligaduras tipo placa de extremidad extendida y tipo esquinero de alma simple. Para evaluar los modelos se comparan los resultados numéricos con datos experimentales. También se incluye un análisis de la participación en la respuesta de la conexión, de la flexibilidad de los diversos componentes de la conexión, tales como: tornillo, placa de extremidad, mesa de la columna.
Kafetsis, Nikolas K. "Applicability of undermatched welds for high strentgh steel structures." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37813.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 182-184).
This study presents experimental and numerical results for the strength of welded joints, made on high strength steels with different degrees of strength matching. The steels involved are the HY-100 and HY-130 U.S. Navy, quenched and tempered steels. The test methods are the self restraint cracking test, the tensile test and the fatigue test. The investigated parameters are the strength of the weld metal and the preheat temperature. The self restraint cracking test does not show clearly the expected results, that the required preheat temperature to avoid cold cracking can be reduced by applying undermatched welds at the root of the welding. This conclusion was reached in a similar experiment that was performed on HT-80 high strength steel. The tensile test and the numerical analysis show that the strength properties of the undermatched weld are not the typical properties of the unrestrained weld material. They are greatly elevated due to the restraint effect provided by both the base metal and the stronger surrounding weld metal. Results from the fatigue test show that the degree of strength undermatching, does not affect significantly the crack propagation rate at the joint.
by Nikolas K. Kafetsis.
S.M.
Nav.E.
Boström, Staffan. "Crack location in steel structures using acoustic emission techniques." Doctoral thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, 1999. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-16784.
Full textGodkänd; 1999; 20061117 (haneit)
Lopes, Nuno Filipe Ferreira Soares Borges. "Behaviour of stainless steel structures in case of fire." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/2412.
Full textA presente tese resulta de um trabalho de investigação, cujo objectivo se centrou no aumento de conhecimento do comportamento estrutural do aço inoxidável, na construção. O aço inoxidável tem várias características desejáveis num material estrutural. Embora inicialmente mais caras que em aço carbono convencional, estruturas em aço inoxidável podem ser competitivas em virtude de necessitarem de uma menor quantidade de material de protecção térmica, e de terem um custo de ciclo de vida mais baixo, contribuindo assim para uma construção mais sustentável. O principal objectivo desta tese consiste em realizar uma avaliação numérica da resistência ao fogo de estruturas em aço inoxidável. Os estudos numéricos foram efectuados através do programa de elementos finitos SAFIR com análises material e geométrica não lineares, que foi especialmente desenvolvido na Universidade de Liège para o estudo de estruturas em situação de incêndio. Estas análises numéricas enquadram-se na metodologia habitualmente designada por GMNIA - geometrically and materially non-linear imperfect analysis. O programa foi também objecto de modificações tendo em vista a realização desses estudos. É demonstrado que, devido às diferenças existentes entre as leis constitutivas do aço carbono e do aço inoxidável, não é possível utilizar em ambos os materiais as mesmas fórmulas para o cálculo da estabilidade de elementos, como é proposto no Eurocódigo 3. Os resultados mostram também que, para alguns elementos estruturais, as fórmulas, preconizadas nessa norma europeia, não estão do lado da segurança, existindo assim necessidade de as melhorar. Estes estudos foram realizados em colunas, vigas e vigas-coluna em aço inoxidável tanto à temperatura ambiente como a altas temperaturas, resultando em novas propostas de dimensionamento para esses elementos. O comportamento de vigas em aço carbono sujeitas a temperaturas elevadas foi também analisado, devido a não ser suficientemente conhecido e as propostas apresentadas nesta tese, para vigas em aço inoxidável, terem sido baseadas nesse comportamento. Esta tese contém também um estudo em elementos de paredes finas em aço inoxidável sujeitos a incêndio, onde é avaliada a influência das tensões residuais nas suas cargas últimas. Por fim apresenta-se uma análise do comportamento estrutural global de duas estruturas em aço inoxidável sujeitas a incêndio, comparando os resultados obtidos com o comportamento das mesmas estruturas em aço carbono.
This thesis is a research work aimed at increasing the knowledge of the structural behaviour of the stainless steel in construction. The stainless steel has countless desirable characteristics for a structural material. Although initially more expensive than conventional carbon steel, stainless steel structures can be competitive because of its smaller need for thermal protection material, and lower life-cycle cost, thus contributing to a more sustainable construction. The main objective of this thesis consists in making a numerical evaluation of the fire resistance of stainless steel structures. The numerical studies were performed using the finite element program SAFIR, with non-linear material and geometric analysis, which was specially developed at the University of Liege, for the study of structures in case of fire. These numerical analyses fit the methodology usually designated GMNIA - geometrically and materially non-linear imperfect analysis. The program was also object of some modifications in order to enable those studies. It is demonstrated that, due to the existing differences in the constitutive laws of carbon steel and stainless steel, it is not possible to use in both materials the same formulae for the member stability calculation, as proposed in Eurocode 3. Moreover, the results show that, the formulae, prescribed on that european norm, are not on the safe side for some structural elements, being necessary their improvement. These studies were made in stainless steel columns, beams and beam-columns at room temperature and at high temperatures, resulting in new design proposals for those members. The behaviour of carbon steel beams at elevated temperatures was also analysed, due to not being sufficiently known and to the proposals presented in this thesis, for stainless steel beams, being based on that behaviour. This thesis contains also a study on thin-walled stainless steel elements in case of fire, where it is evaluated the influence of the residual stresses on their ultimate loads. Finally, an analysis on the global structural behaviour of two stainless steel structures subjected to fire is presented, followed by a comparison of their results with the behaviour of the same structures in carbon steel.