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1

Weerawardena, Jay, Robert E. McDonald, and Gillian Sullivan Mort. "Sustainability of nonprofit organizations: An empirical investigation." Journal of World Business 45, no. 4 (2010): 346–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2009.08.004.

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2

Valentinov, Vladislav, and Gabriela Vaceková. "Sustainability of Rural Nonprofit Organizations: Czech Republic and Beyond." Sustainability 7, no. 8 (2015): 9890–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su7089890.

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3

Hung, Chi-kan Richard, and Paul Ong. "Sustainability of Asian-American Nonprofit Organizations in U.S. Metropolitan Areas." Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 41, no. 6 (2012): 1136–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0899764012438966.

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4

Lee, Wonhyung. "Sustainability of Nonprofit Human Service Organizations in a Neighborhood Context." Nonprofit Management and Leadership 28, no. 1 (2017): 11–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nml.21264.

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5

Shumate, Michelle, Yuli Patrick Hsieh, and Amy O’Connor. "A Nonprofit Perspective on Business–Nonprofit Partnerships: Extending the Symbiotic Sustainability Model." Business & Society 57, no. 7 (2016): 1337–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0007650316645051.

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Using the symbiotic sustainability model as a framework, this research investigates how many and with which businesses top nonprofit organizations report partnerships. We examined the websites of the 122 largest, most recognizable U.S. nonprofits. These websites included information about 2,418 business–nonprofit (B2N) partnerships with 1,707 unique businesses. The results suggest key differences with previous research on how U.S. Fortune 500 companies report B2N partnerships. Leading nonprofits report more B2N partnerships than U.S. Fortune 500 companies do. Furthermore, nonprofits do not maintain industry exclusivity in reporting B2N partnerships, like their business counterparts do. Finally, social issue industries do not exert the same isomorphic pressures on B2N partnerships that economic industries do. New propositions that extend the symbiotic sustainability model are presented to account for nonprofits’ unique goals for capital accumulation in B2N partnering and the industry characteristics.
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Jensen, Peter R. "‘People Can’t Believe We exist!’: Social Sustainability and Alternative Nonprofit Organizing." Critical Sociology 44, no. 2 (2017): 375–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0896920517691106.

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Nonprofit organizational sustainability is increasingly framed in terms of fiscal expediency. This framing of sustainability has led nonprofit organizations to increasingly adopt for-profit innovations, at times at the expense of core organizational values or nonprofit mission. Drawing on ethnographic field methods and semi-structured interviews, I examine how one anarchist-run homeless shelter resists and challenges current trends in nonprofit sustainability. I argue that by drawing on a personalist organizing model, this shelter offers a refutation of the necessity of adopting business-like organizing practices to maintain organizational sustainability. The findings from this paper highlight how this organization has used personal connections and anarchist organizing practices over more than 30 years to continue organizational operations in a shifting market economy. The results have implications for how nonprofit sustainability may be accomplished, and more broadly offers an alternative to the idealized marketized nonprofit organization.
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Besel, Karl. "The Role of Local Governmental Funding in Nonprofit Survival." Advances in Social Work 2, no. 1 (2001): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.18060/191.

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Nonprofit social service organizations in America originally relied on private donations and charitable events to sustain their operations. As the number of nonprofit organizations has proliferated over the last few decades, so has nonprofit dependency on governmental and other sources of revenue. A case study design was used to examine factors that have impacted the survival of the original Indiana Youth Service Bureaus. This study highlights salient factors that influence survival and explores the characteristics and circumstances of selected organizations that enhance their sustainability. The findings suggest that social work administrators need to foster long-term relationships with local funders as a means of enhancing organizational survival.
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Caramidaru, Ibrian, and Andreea Ionica. "In Search of Sustainable Social Impact: A System Dynamics Approach to Managing Nonprofit Organizations Operating in Multi-Project Contexts." MATEC Web of Conferences 343 (2021): 07007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202134307007.

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Nonprofit organizations are typically seen as institutional settings that contribute to finding grassroots solutions to various social problems. But in their own turn, these entities exhibit by design manyfold frailties given by factors such as - precarious funding sustainability, balancing the multiple and, at times, divergent interests of stakeholders, finding a suitable manner to assess managerial performance. The aim of this paper consist in employing a system dynamics approach to modelling the managerial behaviour of nonprofit entities delivering their output through project networks. The system dynamics concepts of causal loops, stocks and flows dependencies are used to depict the complex relationships between projects, funding sources and social outcomes. This approach leads to identifying the systemic threatening to nonprofit sustainability and the dynamic nature of managerial decisions in the context of the interactions between nonprofit organizations, their beneficiaries and funding agencies.
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GAZZOLA, Patrizia, Massimo RATTI, and Stefano AMELIO. "CSR and Sustainability Report for Nonprofit Organizations. An Italian Best Practice." Management Dynamics in the Knowledge Economy 5, no. 3 (2017): 355–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.25019/mdke/5.3.03.

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10

Riforgiate, Sarah E., and Michael W. Kramer. "The Nonprofit Assimilation Process and Work-Life Balance." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (2021): 5993. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13115993.

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Nonprofit organizations are a context where workers’ passion and commitment to their work may make it more difficult to negotiate between professional work and private life demands. Challenges in navigating work and life are important issues for individual sustainability and influence organizational sustainability in terms of retention and organizational commitment. As new employees join an organization, they are socialized into the rhythm and norms of the workplace; therefore, early employment provides an important juncture to study how new employees come to understand work-life expectations. This qualitative study considers 55 interviews with new employees (employed six months or less) at a nonprofit social welfare organization which was concerned with high employee turnover. Participants described how they came to the organization, how they learned the expected behaviors for their positions and messages received from organizational members (e.g., supervisors and coworkers) and social groups outside of the organization (e.g., family and friends) pertaining to managing work and life responsibilities. Findings highlight the importance of communication, extend organizational assimilation concepts, and offer practical implications to enhance sustainability for organizations and employees.
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11

PARK, Hayoung, and Yooncheong CHO. "Financial Sustainability of Nonprofit Organizations: Determinants of Fundraising Campaigns on Donation Intention." Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business 11, no. 3 (2020): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.13106/jidb.2020.vol11.no3.19.

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12

Jones, Kevin R., and Lauren Mucha. "Sustainability Assessment and Reporting for Nonprofit Organizations: Accountability “for the Public Good”." VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations 25, no. 6 (2013): 1465–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11266-013-9399-9.

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13

Okada, Shintaro. "Sustainability of Nonprofit Organizations and Designated Administrator System: The Case of Kyoto Prefecture." Japanese Journal of Human Geography 68, no. 3 (2016): 355–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4200/jjhg.68.3_355.

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14

Manetti, Giacomo, and Simone Toccafondi. "Defining the Content of Sustainability Reports in Nonprofit Organizations: Do Stakeholders Really Matter?" Journal of Nonprofit & Public Sector Marketing 26, no. 1 (2014): 35–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10495142.2013.857498.

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15

Кулькова and Varvara Kulkova. "DIAGNOSIS OF DYNAMIC STABILITY OF NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS." Central Russian Journal of Social Sciences 10, no. 3 (2015): 183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/11692.

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The research is done at the financial support of Russian Foundation for Humanities within the research project № 14-02-00119
 
 The article presents the results of diagnostics of dynamic stability of NPOs. Methodical approaches to the assessment of external and internal stability of non-profit organizations are presented. The results of done diagnosis of external sustainability of NPOs in the framework of dynamic and transactional approaches indicate "weak" sustainability of NPOs. Factors destabilizing external sustainability are described. According to the evaluation of structural factors of internal stability of NPOs, a trend of increasing project activity of NPOs and growth of innovation in the nonprofit sector in 2011-2014 is shown, which is considered by experts as a cause for increasing the resistance of NPOs.
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Opolski, Krzysztof, Piotr Modzelewski, and Agata Kocia. "Interorganizational Trust and Effectiveness Perception in a Collaborative Service Delivery Network." Sustainability 11, no. 19 (2019): 5217. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11195217.

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This study presents the determinants of trust in light of the scientific literature on trust and governance networks. The theoretical analysis focuses on differentiation of various types of trust and its determinants at both for-profit and nonprofit organizations. Moreover, the idea of a network is presented with the main attention given to the performance of collaborative service delivery networks. On the basis of theoretical study, a longitudinal analysis was performed at institutions providing services to the homeless people in Warsaw, Poland. During the periods of 2013 and 2017 to 2018, two cohorts of field questionnaire studies were conducted among employees of 18 social welfare centers (sample based on 18 Warsaw districts) and homeless shelters run by nonprofit organizations (samples of 19 and 22, respectively). These local government institutions and nonprofit organizations comprised the collaborative service delivery network under study. Mixed-method research was applied at welfare centers and nonprofit organizations (NGOs) where both frontline and management level employees were interviewed, and some data were statistically evaluated. The research was conducted using the same questionnaires at both points in time. The research showed that, from the perspective of social welfare centers, interorganizational trust in relation to other social welfare centers and to nonprofit organizations is positively correlated with perceived interorganizational effectiveness of other actors in the network (measured by the possibility of obtaining information, promptness, commitment, completeness and correctness of documents, and assessment of employees’ knowledge). The same results were obtained from the perspective of NGOs. In addition, these correlations remained almost unchanged over time, although the research was repeated after many years using the same variables. Finally, there is no basis to state that trust is correlated with outcome perception when considering the most difficult and complex social services.
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17

Moldavanova, Alisa V., and Nathaniel S. Wright. "How Nonprofit Arts Organizations Sustain Communities: Examining the Relationship Between Organizational Strategy and Engagement in Community Sustainability." American Review of Public Administration 50, no. 3 (2019): 244–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0275074019884316.

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This article investigates the relationship between several elements of organizational strategy and arts and culture nonprofits perceived contributions to community sustainability. We ask the following research question: What are the drivers of arts and culture nonprofits’ engagement in community sustainability? Drawing on data collected from a survey of 175 nonprofits in the state of Michigan, this article reports the findings about arts and culture organizations perceived engagement in community sustainability and factors that may foster or inhibit such engagement. The study advances our understanding of the role that nonprofit organizations play in fostering local sustainable development, and it also informs broader scholarly discourse on the role of arts and culture organizations in a society.
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18

Kassem, Hazem S., Salim Bagadeem, Bader Alhafi Alotaibi, and Mohammed Aljuaid. "Are partnerships in nonprofit organizations being governed for sustainability? A partnering life cycle assessment." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (2021): e0249228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249228.

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Goal 17 of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) attracted attention to the importance of partnerships between governments, the private sector, and nonprofit organizations (NPOs) for sustainable development. This paper aims to analyze the processes of establishing and operating the partnerships between NPOs and other actors in terms of governance. The best practices for partnership governance were examined according to the partnering life cycle framework. A simple random sample of 184 NPOs in six regions of Saudi Arabia was selected for data collection. These organizations were analyzed according to their governance practices in 937 partnerships established during 2016–2018. The findings showed that the organizations had strongly implemented the phases of building and scoping and managing and maintaining, while their governance practices regarding phases of reviewing and revising and sustaining outcomes ranged between moderate and low levels. The results also revealed significant differences between the overall implementation of the partnering life cycle practices and the NPO’s year of establishment. It was concluded that analyzing the current situation of implementing the best practices of partnership governance is useful to explore the efficiency and effectiveness of partnerships between NPOs and other actors, as well as the existing policy gaps, so as to create and implement sustainable-oriented partnerships.
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19

Rinaldi, Massimo, Chiara Parretti, Lorenzo Bartolini Salimbeni, and Paolo Citti. "Conceptual Design of a Decision Support System for the Economic Sustainability of Nonprofit Organizations." Procedia CIRP 34 (2015): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2015.07.080.

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20

Austin, Michael J. "Mack Center on Nonprofit and Public Sector Management in Human Service Organizations." Research on Social Work Practice 28, no. 3 (2017): 386–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049731517710327.

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This invited set of reflections upon the research carried out under the auspices of a school of social work is part of a series featuring research centers. It reflects 25 years of scholarly work related to both public and nonprofit human service organizations at the only university-based research center in the United States devoted to research on the management of human service organizations. Organized in the predefined categories of center history, structure, past projects, and current projects, it features current and past research in the areas of welfare services, child welfare services, adult and aging services, organizational support for evidence-informed practice, sustainability of nonprofits, international human services, and practice research methodology. Dedicated to the principles of team science by including graduate students, postdoctorate fellows, and consulting researchers, the Mack Center features the processes of practice research in which practitioners play a major role in the research process.
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21

Leardini, Chiara, Gina Rossi, and Stefano Landi. "Organizational Factors Affecting Charitable Giving in the Environmental Nonprofit Context." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (2020): 8947. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12218947.

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Nonprofit organizations operating in the environmental protection and conservation sector face challenging fundraising issues in collecting from individual donors the money needed to accomplish their goals. The purpose of this study was to investigate which organizational factors can play a role in influencing the ability of these organizations to collect charitable contributions. By applying an extended version of the economic model of giving to a sample of 142 environmental nonprofits from the United States, the results of the regression analyses show that the following factors allow these organizations to attract more donations: devoting a high percentage of donations to programs, promoting the organization’s image through fundraising activities, having a large amount of assets that ensures a sustainable financial structure, and providing online information that demonstrates how the organization has dealt with its mission. Moreover, the study reveals that providing high amounts of disclosure on the organization’s website can have a conditional effect on fundraising expenses by boosting the positive effect of these expenses on donations. The results of this study contribute to the debate on the effectiveness of organizational factors in attracting funds from donors willing to support environmental nonprofits.
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22

Senses-Ozyurt, Saba. "Political institutional environment and management culture as determinants of nongovernmental/nonprofit organizationsʼ performance". International Journal of Organization Theory & Behavior 18, № 3 (2015): 269–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijotb-18-03-2015-b001.

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This study evaluates the effects of political institutional environment and management culture on the performance of nongovernmental/nonprofit organizations (NGOs/NPOs). Through narrative analysis of in-depth interviews conducted with the founders and directors of six Muslim womenʼs organizations (MWOs) in the United States and the Netherlands, the paper explores how these organizationsʼ relationship with the state, and the ethnic resources and management culture affect their performance. The findings indicate that when performance is evaluated as goal attainment, MWOs perform satisfactorily. However, when performance is assessed using financial sustainability or social image dimensions the results were mixed. Overall, the findings confirm that political institutional environment has significant impact on NGO/NPO performance, and that ethnic culture play a role in how MWOs are managed.
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23

Benson, Rodney. "Can foundations solve the journalism crisis?" Journalism 19, no. 8 (2017): 1059–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464884917724612.

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In the context of the ongoing financial crisis in U.S. professional journalism, philanthropic foundation-supported nonprofits are increasingly proposed as a solution to the under-provision of civic-oriented news production. Drawing on an analysis of the social composition of boards of directors and interviews with foundation officials and nonprofit journalists, this article examines both the civic contributions and limitations of foundation-supported nonprofit news organizations. Foundations are shown to place many nonprofits in a Catch-22 because of competing demands to achieve both economic “sustainability” and civic “impact,” ultimately creating pressures to reproduce dominant commercial media news practices or orient news primarily for small, elite audiences. Further, media organizations dependent on foundation project-based funding risk being captured by foundation agendas and thus less able to investigate the issues they deem most important. Reforms encouraging more long-term, no-strings-attached funding by foundations, along with development of small donor and public funding, could help nonprofits overcome their current limitations.
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Calvert, Victoria, Elise Calvert, and Shirley Rose. "Enhancing the Sustainability of Nonprofit Organizations through Service-Learning: Increasing the Propensity for Post-Graduation Volunteerism." International Journal of Sustainability Education 8, no. 2 (2013): 37–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/2325-1212/cgp/v08i02/55273.

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25

Bertolo, Robert F., Eric Hentges, Mary-Jo Makarchuk, et al. "Key attributes of global partnerships in food and nutrition to align research agendas and improve public health." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 43, no. 7 (2018): 755–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2017-0715.

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Partnerships among academia, government, and industry have emerged in response to global challenges in food and nutrition. At a workshop reviewing international partnerships, we concluded that to build a partnership, partners must establish a common goal, identify barriers, and engage all stakeholders to ensure project sustainability. To be effective, partnerships must synchronize methodologies and adopt evidence-based processes, and be led by governmental or nonprofit organizations to ensure trust among partners and with the public.
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ASANO, Satoshi, Satoshi HOSHINO, and Yasuaki KUKI. "Study on the Nonprofit Organizations' Finance and Human Resources Matters from the Point of View of Sustainability." JOURNAL OF RURAL PLANNING ASSOCIATION 28, Special_Issue (2010): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2750/arp.28.225.

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27

Almog-Bar, Michal, Ram A. Cnaan, Noga Pitowsky-Nave, and Krisztina Tury. "Israeli Peace Nonprofits Promoting Social Good: Characteristics of Active and Inactive Organizations." Research on Social Work Practice 30, no. 2 (2019): 246–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049731519868010.

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Objectives: Our aim in this article is to understand the nonprofit organizations that declared to promote social good by focusing on peace and coexistence activities and assess why some survived under challenging contexts while others became inactive. Method: The study is based on a database of peace and coexistence organizations obtained from the registrar of associations in Israel. The nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) were divided into active and inactive organizations. Results: Our key findings suggest that Israeli-registered sustained peace/coexistence NGOs are those that do not focus on meetings between people from the conflicting sides, are centrally committed to peace/coexistence, and are anchored in the Jewish sector of the state. Conclusion: Our findings pave the way for social work entrepreneurs aiming to work toward peace and coexistence to better plan the establishment and sustainability of peace and coexistence NGOs.
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Potluka, Oto, and Lenka Svecova. "The Effects of External Financial Support on the Capacities of Educational Nonprofit Organizations." Sustainability 11, no. 17 (2019): 4593. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11174593.

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Official development assistance provides an immense flow of financial funding to educational nonprofit organizations (NPOs). This source of funding faces criticism because of the unintended indirect effects it has in lowering the relative level of local NPOs’ capacities. Our contribution addresses NPOs’ financial capacities in an OECD country that receives a vast inflow of EU funding; namely the Czech Republic. To answer the research question on what impact the external financial assistance has on capacities in NPOs, we applied propensity score matching to a sample consisting of 633 educational NPOs covering the years 2006–2013. EU-funded NPOs report higher levels of real revenues, but not real assets, than non-funded NPOs. The EU funding helps in the short-term to improve NPOs’ budgets, but not to increase assets.
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Córdova Paredes, Mauricio, Ferran Calabuig Moreno, and Manuel Alonso Dos Santos. "Key Determinants on Non-Governmental Organization’s Financial Sustainability: A Case Study that Examines 2018 FIFA Foundation Social Festival Selected Participants." Sustainability 11, no. 5 (2019): 1411. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11051411.

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The main purpose of this article is to map determinant attributes that define and enable financial sustainability in sport non-governmental organizations associated with international development (SNGDOs). An exploratory case study examined through a two staged mixed approach the 48 organizations, chosen by FIFA Foundation to participate at the 2018 World Cup Russia 2018 Social Festival, mirroring football from a different dimension, distant to the competitive perceptions normally assigned to this sport. The main outcome was to note that Global South countries SNGDOs´ financial sustainability is dependent on international aid agencies funds whilst in the Global North there is higher leverage on corporate partnerships. Financial sustainability should not be seen as an isolated topic in the management agenda of SNGDOs in the quest of new sources of income. This is rather a process of construction and assessment that implies on the one hand a wider approach on stakeholder expectations and on the other an overall strategical re-definition towards collaborative value creation. In view of the broad extension of nonprofit organizations, this study contributes to the still unexplored field of sport for development. Moreover, this academic exercise proposes a critical view of contrasting results through dependency theory. Some biases may exist within the consideration of a particular context, and the specificities of the examined organizations in the case study.
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Ferrucci, Patrick, and Jacob L. Nelson. "The New Advertisers: How Foundation Funding Impacts Journalism." Media and Communication 7, no. 4 (2019): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/mac.v7i4.2251.

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Many journalism stakeholders have begun looking to philanthropic foundations to help newsrooms find economic sustainability. The rapidly expanding role of foundations as a revenue source for news publishers raises an important question: How do foundations exercise their influence over the newsrooms they fund? Using the hierarchy of influence model, this study utilizes more than 40 interviews with journalists at digitally native nonprofit news organizations and employees from foundations that fund nonprofit journalism to better understand the impact of foundation funding on journalistic practice. Drawing on previous scholarship exploring extra-media influence on the news industry, we argue that the impact of foundations on journalism parallels that of advertisers throughout the 20th century—with one important distinction: Journalism practitioners and researchers have long forbidden the influence from advertisers on editorial decisions, seeing the blurring of the two as inherently unethical. Outside funding from foundations, on the other hand, is often premised on editorial influence, complicating efforts by journalists to maintain the firewall between news revenue and production.
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Albrecht, Kate. "Institutional Logics and Accountability: Advancing an Integrated Framework in Nonprofit–Public Partnerships." Journal of Public and Nonprofit Affairs 4, no. 3 (2018): 284. http://dx.doi.org/10.20899/jpna.4.3.284-305.

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Public and nonprofit management literature has focused more on formal accountability and less on emerging informal structures that are present in the pilot stages of partnerships. This study uses a phenomenological approach to examine the institutional logics of partner organizations and offers an integrated framework for how these logics may translate into accountability structures in a nonprofit—public partnership (NPPP). This framework advances a basis for the mechanisms present when an individual organization’s or agency’s institutional logics must be reconciled in the context of accountability. The analysis points to emerging challenges and cross pressures within the NPPP that are driving a need for comprehensive evaluation measures, established processes for business planning, and written agreements such as memorandums of understanding to provide clear definitions of partnership roles. Public managers designing or joining pilot partnerships need to be aware that mismatched institutional logics and perceptions of accountability can occur, and these dynamics may lead to a variety of hybrid measures to ensure future sustainability of interorganizational relationships.
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Kickul, Jill, Lisa Gundry, Paulami Mitra, and Lívia Berçot. "Designing With Purpose: Advocating Innovation, Impact, Sustainability, and Scale in Social Entrepreneurship Education." Entrepreneurship Education and Pedagogy 1, no. 2 (2018): 205–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2515127418772177.

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Social entrepreneurship is an emerging and rapidly changing field that examines the practice of identifying, starting, and growing successful mission-driven for-profit and nonprofit ventures, that is, organizations that strive to advance social change through innovative solutions. For educators teaching in this field, we advocate for a design thinking approach that can be integrated into social entrepreneurship education. Specifically, we believe that many of the design thinking principles are especially suitable and useful for educators to facilitate student learning as they create and incubate social ventures. We also advance a broader conceptual framework, which we describe as the four main mega-themes in social entrepreneurship education, namely innovation, impact, sustainability, and scale. We offer ways in which the design thinking steps can be integrated and applied to each of these themes and accelerate the social venture creation process. We conclude by discussing and presenting how design thinking can complement an overall systems thinking perspective.
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Sun, Chen-Yi, Yen-An Chen, and Xiuzhi Zhang. "Key Factors in the Success of Eco-Communities in Taiwan’s Countryside: The Role of Government, Partner, and Community Group." Sustainability 11, no. 4 (2019): 1208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11041208.

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The ideals of the successful implementation of an eco-community involve several key elements. This study used a literature review to clarify the key factors for the successful implementation of an eco-community and established the influence of these key elements through expert questionnaires. The results of the study showed that the most crucial part of building a successful eco-community is the community group, followed by the partners who assist the community, and finally the assistance and support of the government. The leader of a community plays the most critical role, followed by the community group, and community self-consciousness. In addition, if the community can establish partnerships with experts, scholars, nongovernmental organizations, and nonprofit organizations, and construct a stable autonomous financial system, the eco-community is guaranteed to continue operating.
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Moreno-Albarracín, Antonio Luis, Ana Licerán-Gutierrez, Cristina Ortega-Rodríguez, Álvaro Labella, and Rosa M. Rodríguez. "Measuring What Is Not Seen—Transparency and Good Governance Nonprofit Indicators to Overcome the Limitations of Accounting Models." Sustainability 12, no. 18 (2020): 7275. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187275.

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One of the most complex challenges currently faced by non-profit organizations (NPOs) is demonstrating that they manage resources with the highest levels of efficiency and excellence, and do not deviate from the accomplishment of their mission. Transparency and good governance are highly valuable issues for the survival of these organizations. However, empirical studies and models to measure these concepts are scarce and lack consensus. The objective of this article is to develop a uniform procedure for measuring the levels of transparency and good governance in NPOs, validated by experts, that integrates the most important contributions. The main proposals are supported by lists of indicators whose compliance they try to verify. Finally, we considered the experts’ preferences to obtain the indicator weights by means of the Best–Worst Method and Minimum Cost Consensus model. The result of our work is the development of a list of indicators, which integrates the existing battery of Spanish indicators. We contribute, with this work, to improving the credibility of the third sector from the perspective of donors, users, public administrations, and society. This is an essential issue for the survival of these NPOs.
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Balfour, Danny L., and Ramya Ramanath. "Forging Theatre and Community: Challenges and Strategies for Serving Two Missions." Public Voices 12, no. 1 (2016): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22140/pv.70.

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At the age of personal computers, the Internet, cell phones, video games, and I-pods, how can individuals be enticed to emerge from their electronic silos and actually engage others in meaningful discourse as members of a community with common interests and problems? One organizational response to this challenge is the activities of community-based organizations. Such organizations are widely recognized for their ability to promote and facilitate creative face-to-face human interactions that serve as a counterweight to the forces of individuation and declining trust in public institutions, while playing a niche role in the process of building and sustaining community solidarity.Through an in-depth examination of one organization that strives to build community through face-to-face interaction—Live Arts community theatre in Charlottesville, Virginia—the authors discuss what they believe to be critical concerns of the nonprofit sector at large. In particular, they examine how Live Arts seeks to preserve and balance its mission of achieving artistic excellence that challenges and engages the community, the need for financial sustainability, and more efficient production and management systems.
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Lim, Heejin, Moonhee Cho, and Sergio C. Bedford. "You Shall (Not) Fear." Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal 23, no. 4 (2019): 628–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfmm-10-2018-0135.

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Purpose In the age of transparency, nonprofit organizations have attempted to raise awareness of unethical business practices through diverse social media platforms, putting firms under great pressure to incorporate sustainability in their operations. Focusing on the issue of animal cruelty which is a relatively under-investigated topic in the fashion industry, the purpose of this paper is to examine how different levels of animal cruelty depicted in nonprofit organizations’ ethical consumption campaigns influence viewers’ negative emotions and lead to their supportive behavior and ethical consumption intention. Design/methodology/approach In the main study, undergraduate students (n=82) from a big public University in the USA were recruited in exchange for extra credit and randomly assigned to one of the three experimental conditions of animal cruelty in a single-factor, three-level, between-subjects experimental design: non-threatening condition (n=26), low-threatening condition (n=27) and high-threatening condition (n=29). Findings The results indicated that the levels of negative emotional arousal are positively related to levels of perceived animal cruelty in social media campaigns. In addition, negative emotional arousal mediates the effect of perceived animal cruelty on the intention of supportive behavior, but no mediation effect on ethical consumption intention was found. Additionally, the findings of this study revealed that the indirect effect of perceived animal cruelty on supportive behavior intention is moderated by participants’ moral justification such as the reality of economic development and government dependency. Originality/value The findings of this study contribute to the literature by advancing the current understanding of the role of negative emotional images in ethical consumption campaigns in the context of animal cruelty in the fashion industry.
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Feng, Nancy Chun. "The Impact of Noncompliance and Internal Control Deficiencies on Going Concern Audit Opinions and Viability of Nonprofit Charitable Organizations." Journal of Accounting, Auditing & Finance 35, no. 3 (2018): 637–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0148558x18774904.

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This study investigates whether material noncompliance ( MNC) with laws and regulations and internal control deficiencies ( ICDs) in a nonprofit charitable organization (NPO) affect the likelihood that the NPO receives a going concern audit opinion ( GCO) and the viability of the NPO. I find that noncompliance and ICDs are positively associated with the likelihood that an NPO receives a GCO. The results also suggest that the entity-level ICDs increase auditors’ propensity to issue a GCO but ICDs that occur at the federal program level do not. The evidence from the survival analysis shows that only ICDs have significant influence on the viability of NPOs. The results of the survival analysis also show that GCO-receiving NPOs are more likely to discontinue operations than their financially distressed peers, indicating that either auditors are correct in issuing the GCOs or GCOs become self-fulfilling prophecies. Analyses of Type I/Type II misclassifications suggest that auditors make more Type I errors than Type II ones, and the accuracy of going concern decisions seems to vary by auditor type, sector, and time period. The overall findings of this study provide evidence of hidden costs of noncompliance and ICDs in NPOs, which can motivate regulators and the managers of NPOs to enhance NPOs’ governance to lower the probability of getting a GCO and improve the NPO’s sustainability.
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Wu, Wei-Ning, and Ssu-Ming Chang. "Collaboration Mechanisms of Taiwan Nonprofit Organizations in Disaster Relief Efforts: Drawing Lessons from the Wenchuan Earthquake and Typhoon Morakot." Sustainability 10, no. 11 (2018): 4328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10114328.

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Participation of nonprofit organizations (NPOs) is important in emergency management because NPOs often work in conjunction with governments to offer assistance and resources in the emergency management process. NPO participation in disaster relief efforts is a valuable experience for public officials and practitioners, but research investigating NPOs’ experiences in disaster relief efforts is limited. This study examines Taiwan’s NPO collaboration mechanisms during disaster relief efforts and specifically examines the lessons drawn from two major catastrophes by focusing on the opinions of NPO managers in the 88 Flooding Service Alliance who joined the disaster relief operation for the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake in China and 2009 Typhoon Morakot in Taiwan. The vital strategies and factors that contributed to successful NPO collaborations in disaster relief operations were determined through a survey on NPOs’ strategies for resource sharing and service integration and semi-structured interviews with 19 NPO managers. The findings indicate that NPO engagement in disaster services was crucial for the relief efforts of the two disaster events, and that long-term disaster service alliances are effective mechanisms for emergency collaboration in relief work.
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Hengevoss, Alice. "Assessing the Impact of Nonprofit Organizations on Multi-Actor Global Governance Initiatives: The Case of the UN Global Compact." Sustainability 13, no. 13 (2021): 6982. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13136982.

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This study empirically assesses the impact of nonprofit organizations (NPOs) on multi-actor global governance initiatives. Multi-actor global governance initiatives have emerged to strengthen joint action among different societal actors to tackle transnational social and environmental issues. While such initiatives have received a great deal of academic attention, previous research has primarily focused on businesses’ perspectives. In light of the important role of NPOs within such initiatives, critically addressing NPOs’ role by assessing their impact on the effectiveness of such initiatives is crucial. This article builds on the United Nations Global Compact (UNGC)—the largest multi-actor global governance initiative in the world—and offers a panel analysis on a unique dataset including 820 NPOs from 68 different countries. The findings suggest that NPOs have indeed strengthened the UNGC over time, yet their engagement explains only a small fraction of differences in UNGC activity across countries. This study contributes to the emerging research on nonprofits’ social responsibility by fostering the actorhood thesis, which places higher responsibility for the impact and requirements for accountability on NPOs. Furthermore, the study supports discussions about the increasing political role of NPOs by providing the first empirical evidence for their political leadership and impact in multi-actor global governance initiatives.
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Al-Qudah, Shaker, Abdallah Mishael Obeidat, Hosam Shrouf, and Mohammed A. Abusweilem. "The impact of strategic human resources planning on the organizational performance of public shareholding companies in Jordan." Problems and Perspectives in Management 18, no. 1 (2020): 219–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.18(1).2020.19.

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Performance management (PM) is a common practice used by organizations to assess and manage employees’ work. Much of PM research is closely related to management practices. Corporations in the public and nonprofit sector continuously develop PM programs to ensure the sustainability of their organizations. The study aims to analyze the impact of strategic human resources planning on the organizational performance of Jordanian public shareholding companies for senior management and functional unit managers (human resources, marketing, finance, and accounting). The researchers surveyed all the public shareholding companies registered with the Jordan Securities Commission (JSC) in 2019, wherein they found that only 60 companies applied strategic planning and human resources planning (HRP) together. Two hundred and twenty questionnaires were distributed in 52 companies surveyed, and 203 were adopted for statistical analysis. Several statistical methods were used, most notably the multiple regression analysis. The researchers found out a statistically significant impact of the strategic human resources planning (integration of HRP and strategic planning; strategic participation) on organizational performance. The results showed that adopting the strategic HRP dimensions leads to an increase in an organization’s overall productivity, employee satisfaction and reputation, as well as reduced operating costs. HR managers must understand the effectiveness of strategically designed HR practices across functions.
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Ruelle, Morgan L. "Ecological Relations and Indigenous Food Sovereignty in Standing Rock." American Indian Culture and Research Journal 41, no. 3 (2017): 113–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17953/aicrj.41.3.ruelle.

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Food sovereignty, the ability of communities and nations to determine their own food systems, is based on ecological relations between humans and our habitat. This article examines how human ecological relations with plants and animals contribute to the food sovereignty of indigenous communities in the Standing Rock Nation of the northern Great Plains. During the past one hundred and fifty years, the policies of the United States federal government have deliberately undermined these relations, including eradication of primary food sources, forced sedenterization on reservations, illegal land seizures, and compulsory reeducation of children at residential schools. The loss of food sovereignty has directly impacted the health of Standing Rock communities. Tribal government agencies, academic institutions, and nonprofit organizations in Standing Rock are working to enhance food sovereignty by revitalizing relations with plants and animals used to prepare healthy traditional foods. Interviews with elders and other participants in these activities reveal that tradition and sustainability are important dimensions of indigenous food sovereignty.
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van Hille, Iteke, Frank G. A. de Bakker, Julie E. Ferguson, and Peter Groenewegen. "Cross-Sector Partnerships for Sustainability: How Mission-Driven Conveners Drive Change in National Coffee Platforms." Sustainability 12, no. 7 (2020): 2846. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12072846.

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Nonprofit organizations (NPOs) have deployed various strategies in motivating businesses to source sustainably, such as the co-development and promotion of sustainability certification and direct collaboration in cross-sector partnerships (CSPs). This is an important current-day priority, given the ambitions set out in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and SDG 17 in particular. Increasingly, NPOs have taken up a role as conveners of such CSPs. Research on CSPs has, to date, often considered conveners as a ‘resource’ to the CSP, contributing to its effectiveness. In this study, we shift the focus towards the convener by considering a case of a ‘mission-driven convener’, an NPO that initiates CSPs as a strategy to realize its own sustainability objectives. Our explorative case study—comparing the NPO’s efforts across six countries in setting up national coffee platforms—reviews the concept of a mission-driven convener vis-à-vis established notions on convening and identifies which strategies it applies to realize a CSP. These strategies comprise productively combining certification-driven efforts with CSPs, combining process and outcomes of CSPs, and drawing on cross-level dynamics derived from outsourcing of convening work to local actors. With our study, we contribute to research on CSP conveners by offering an alternative interpretation to the relation between the CSP and the convener, attributing more agency to the convener as a mission-driven organization. Strengthening our understanding of CSPs and conveners is an important means to advance the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
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Anosike, Charles Afam. "Sustainability Practice of a Multinational Oil Company in Nigeria: A Case Study." Journal of Management and Sustainability 7, no. 1 (2017): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jms.v7n1p29.

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Environmental degradation and socioeconomic dilemma continue to affect agricultural productivity in the Niger Delta of Nigeria. Several works of literature confirm the high level of pollution and contamination of land and water as a result of over 50 years of oil production in the region. The effects of environmental pollution continue to aggravate the hardship of the local people, which generates development friction, threaten oil operation, and mutually contrive relational efforts, by so invoking mistrust between oil companies and the host communities. Sustainability programs of oil companies often provide the channel to engage and promote community relations from which projects are conceived and executed. Despite sustainability efforts of oil companies, the region continues to experience oil spills and environmental degradation.Hence, the current research explores the sustainability efforts of a multinational oil company to establish whether the company’s leadership makes environmental considerations and to identify possible corrections that could be adopted to achieve sustainable value. For this purpose, the paper employed a single case study approach using open-ended interview sessions in collecting data. Research data were gathered from a sample of 20 experienced sustainability practitioners of the oil company, partnering nonprofit organizations, and community leaders through face-to-face semi-structured interviews. Data were segmented and categorized. The data analysis process revealed several themes regarding the challenges and shortfalls of sustainability programs in the region. The evidence found suggests that implementing a transparent and inclusive sustainability management system is essential to enable a systems view in contemplating sustainability programs. In so doing, oil MNCs leaders could enable effective environmental consideration in their sustainability programs to help reinvigorate productive agriculture and ensure continuing oil operation.
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Pevnaya, Maria V., Anna A. Drozdova, and Mariana Cernicova-Buca. "Making Room for Volunteer Participation in Managing Public Affairs: A Russian Experience." Sustainability 12, no. 24 (2020): 10229. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122410229.

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In 2018, the United Nations Volunteers organization recognized that the governmental support for volunteering is a superior public management practice, offering the much-needed fuel for the integration of volunteering in politics, law-making, and social planning at the government level. The present article analyzes the current situation of governmental support for volunteering at federal, regional, and local levels of public administration in the Russian Federation as a precondition for making coproduction of public services possible. The analysis is based on the scrutiny of documents, a questionnaire survey of Russian volunteers, and an expert poll of public servants and nonprofit organizations (NPO) leaders. The analysis of the state policy of support for volunteering is carried out with respect to the following parameters: the awareness and evaluation of national measures of the governmental support for volunteering, as well as the evaluation of informational, financial, consulting, and organizational measures to support volunteer organizations by regional and municipal civil servants. In a country such as the Russian Federation, where volunteering is a relatively young social phenomenon, public administration needs not only to provide support, but also to administer transformation processes toward sustainable development, relying on the partnership and resources volunteers bring for effectively managing public life.
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Arnold, Chester, Emily Wilson, James Hurd, and Daniel Civco. "30 Years of Land Cover Change in Connecticut, USA: A Case Study of Long-Term Research, Dissemination of Results, and Their Use in Land Use Planning and Natural Resource Conservation." Land 9, no. 8 (2020): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land9080255.

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Remotely sensed land cover data can be a tremendous resource to land use decision makers, yet there is often a disconnect between the worlds of remote sensing and local government. The Connecticut’s Changing Landscape project is focused on bridging this gap. The project analyzes changes to the state’s landscape using Landsat-derived 30-m land cover and cross-correlation analysis. It includes seven dates spanning 30 years, from 1985 to 2015. During this period an additional 4.7 percent of the state was converted to development-related land covers, with corresponding losses to forest and agricultural land. New development was for the most part in attenuated patterns rather than concentrated near existing developed areas. Additional land cover analyses were conducted of agricultural areas, riparian corridors, core forest, and watershed imperviousness, to more closely examine issues of sustainability. Particular care is taken to make research findings accessible, understandable, and usable for the public through traditional outreach methods, and increasingly through internet mapping technology. As a result, the project has become a widely used resource informing the work of state, regional and local governments, nonprofit organizations, and researchers. A more concerted effort to integrate research and outreach is needed to ensure that land cover research has an impact on issues of land use and sustainability.
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Chung, Namho, Inessa Tyan, and Seung Jae Lee. "Eco-Innovative Museums and Visitors’ Perceptions of Corporate Social Responsibility." Sustainability 11, no. 20 (2019): 5744. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11205744.

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This study assumes that green technologies at tourist destinations are a part of corporate social responsibility (CSR). It investigates how technology-based eco-innovation is related to sustainable development goals (SDGs) and how eco-innovative CSR performance affects tourists’ perceptions of destinations, emotions, and WOM (word of mouth) intentions in the context of sustainability and smart tourism. A dataset collected from the Handok Museum in South Korea was analyzed via a partial least squares (PLS) method, using structural equation modeling. This study examines the link between museum visitors’ awareness of CSR and green technology. The constructs (perceived quality, image, and reputation) are positively correlated with CSR; museum visitors’ emotions are in a parallel relationship with WOM intentions. The results confirm that the green technology implemented in the tourist destination is perceived as CSR by visitors. These technologies have a positive impact on environmental sustainability and contribute to a positive tourist experience. Thus, this paper encourages social responsibility practices at tourist destinations, as well as the development of green technology. This is the first empirical study that demonstrates how the profit-related concept of CSR can be applied to nonprofit organizations, Furthermore, for the first time, the managerial concept of CSR has been reviewed with technology-based eco-innovation in a museum setting.
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Carmichael, Christine, Cecilia Danks, and Christine Vatovec. "Green Infrastructure Solutions to Health Impacts of Climate Change: Perspectives of Affected Residents in Detroit, Michigan, USA." Sustainability 11, no. 20 (2019): 5688. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11205688.

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Cities worldwide are incorporating green infrastructure to mitigate climate change and achieve health cobenefits. However, green infrastructure projects are often distributed inequitably based on race and class. Residents’ perspectives are necessary to develop and enact effective and equitable ‘green’ strategies to address climate change and its health impacts. This study reports findings from interviews and ethnographic observations with diverse residents of Detroit, Michigan, USA, who have experience with both green infrastructure projects and intense weather events (flooding). Residents expressed widespread support for green infrastructure solutions, while also sharing concerns about unintended health consequences from unsatisfactory governance of green spaces and climate change itself. Residents also held differing perspectives regarding their responsibility for, and capacity to enact, these solutions compared to businesses, city government, and nonprofit organizations. These findings illuminate key factors that city governments and partnering institutions should incorporate into planning processes with residents to achieve greater environmental justice through green infrastructure strategies to mitigate climate change and related health impacts.
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Alberti, Fernando G., and Mario A. Varon Garrido. "Can profit and sustainability goals co-exist? New business models for hybrid firms." Journal of Business Strategy 38, no. 1 (2017): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbs-12-2015-0124.

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Purpose This paper aims to discuss hybrid organizations whose business models blur the boundary between for-profit and nonprofit worlds. With the aim of understanding how hybrid organizations have developed commercially viable business models to create positive social and environmental change, the authors contend that hybrids are altering long-held business norms and conceptions of the role of the corporation in society. Building on an analysis of the most updated literature on hybrid organizations and with the use of case study approach, the purpose of this paper is to derive managerial lessons that traditional businesses may apply to innovate their business models. Design/methodology/approach This paper has a practical focus to help organizations to develop successful business strategies and design innovative business models. It applies emerging thinking on hybrid business models to provide new insights and ideas on the use of business models as tools for innovating and delivering value. To comply with this, first, the authors discuss the distinctive characteristics of hybrids and the hybrid business model through a concise but comprehensive review of all the literature on hybrid organization, which is still very recent. Second, we relied on a short case study that introduces information technology and digital innovation as the premises of the emergence of a new hybrid business model that adds additional elements to traditional business managers on how to learn from hybrid organizations’ avenues to innovate their business models. Findings In this paper, the authors aimed to shed light on the management of any organization or initiative that aims to embrace multiple and competing yet potentially synergistic goals, as is increasingly the case in modern corporations. Spotting hidden complementarities of antagonistic assets can be arduous, time-consuming, costly and risky, but businesses driven by innovation may want to keep a close eye on the expanding hybrid sector as a source of future entrepreneurial opportunities. To this regard, hybrid social ventures have the potential to shed light on ways to innovate traditional business models. The essence of studying hybrids is that firms may learn how to innovate their business models in ways that go beyond current conceptualizations, making their mission profitable, rather than making profit their only mission! The research design (literature analysis and case study) allowed the authors to disentangle different innovative business models that hybrids suggest highlight strengths and weaknesses of such business models, understand strategies and capabilities associated with hybrids and transpose all these lessons learned to traditional business managers who constantly struggle for innovation. Research limitations/implications The main implication is that hybrid organizations may serve as incubators for new practices that can gain scale and impact by infusion into existing corporations. The authors can assist to a process of “hybridization” of incumbent firms, pushing the boundaries of corporate sustainability efforts toward strategies in which profit and social purpose share more equal footing. Practical implications Firms interested in benefiting from antagonistic assets that can have a dramatic impact on their business model innovation may want to consider some lessons: firms can attempt to build antagonistic assets into their mission, asking themselves what activities they can undertake with the potential to create (or erode) social, environmental and economic value and how these activities might be mediated by the context/environment in which they operate; they can partner with hybrids to benefit from them and absorb competencies from them, so to increase their likelihood to generate value-creating activities and to impact on wider range of stakeholders, including funders, partners, beneficiaries and communities; they can mimic hybrids on how to innovate their business model through the use of the “deliberate resource misfit” dynamic capability, mitigating negative impacts and trade-offs and maximizing positive value spillovers, both for the firms themselves and for the community. Social implications Sharing know-how with hybrids opens up to ways to innovate business models, and hybrids are much more open to sharing lessons and encouraging others to copy their approaches in a genuine open innovation approach. Originality/value The main lesson businesses can take away from studying hybrids is that antagonistic assets – and not only profitable complementary ones, as the resource-based view would suggest – do not have to be a burden on profits. Hybrids ground their strategy first and foremost on their beneficiaries, thus dealing with a bundle of antagonistic assets. The primary objective of hybrids is thus to find imaginative ways of generating profits from their given resources rather than acquiring the resources that generate the highest profit. Profit is the ultimate goal of traditional businesses’ mission, but by making profit their only mission, firms risk missing out on the hidden opportunities latent in antagonistic assets. Learning from hybrids about how to align profits and societal impact may be a driver of long-term competitive advantage.
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Deer, Shannon, and Jill Zarestky. "Balancing Profit and People: Corporate Social Responsibility in Business Education." Journal of Management Education 41, no. 5 (2017): 727–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1052562917719918.

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This qualitative study’s purpose was to evaluate how undergraduate business students’ perspectives, skills, and behaviors evolved through corporate social responsibility (CSR) education taught with a focus on critical thinking and sustainable problem solving. Business schools are struggling to incorporate CSR into their curriculum despite interest from students and pressure from accreditation agencies. This article primarily contributes practical tools for business schools teaching students to apply critical thinking skills and concepts gained through their business education to develop solutions to economic, social, and environmental problems. Instructors taught the following topics: definitions of CSR, the triple bottom line, stakeholder theory, exposure to social problems, businesses’ roles in exacerbating or mitigating social problems, specific sustainable solutions companies and nonprofit organizations have implemented, and analysis of public companies’ sustainability reports. Topics were taught using critical thinking tools, such as a decision-making model, a funneling exercise, a root problems activity, and reflection and metareflection. The instruction followed a specific teaching model to promote critical thinking skills development, which can be implemented by other faculty. We found CSR concepts motivated students by giving them the tools and confidence in their abilities to solve meaningful problems and learning outcomes for both CSR and critical thinking were achieved.
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Kim, Hyun Hye, and EunKyoung Han. "The Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior to Identify Determinants of Donation Intention: Towards the Comparative Examination of Positive and Negative Reputations of Nonprofit Organizations CEO." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (2020): 9134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12219134.

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Using the extended theory of planned behavior, this study examined individuals’ cognitive and psychological determinants of their intentions to donate to nonprofit organizations (NPOs) with either a positive or negative chief executive officer (CEO) reputation. With the use of online survey data (n = 371), the similarities and differences in the relationships between the determinants were analyzed for the two NPO CEO reputations. To verify the hypotheses, multiple regression was used to analyze the data. The results reveal that for NPOs with positive CEO reputations, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, moral norms, past behavior, and identification had positive effects on the intention to donate. In contrast, for NPOs with negative CEO reputations, subjective norms and identification had positive effects on the intention to donate. Attitude toward the NPO was not related to donation intentions regardless of the CEO’s reputation. These findings suggest the need for strategies to increase the public’s intentions to donate to problematic NPOs with negative reputations. Additionally, a strategy to further strengthen the intention to donate in the case of a positive CEO reputation is proposed. Theoretical and managerial implications of the results are also discussed, highlighting important considerations for CEO reputations and NPO management in the short and long terms.
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