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Journal articles on the topic 'Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Bakaletz, Lauren O., and Laura A. Novotny. "Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi)." Trends in Microbiology 26, no. 8 (2018): 727–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2018.05.001.

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2

Clemans, Daniel L., Carl F. Marrs, Mayuri Patel, Michelle Duncan, and Janet R. Gilsdorf. "Comparative Analysis of Haemophilus influenzae hifA(Pilin) Genes." Infection and Immunity 66, no. 2 (1998): 656–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.66.2.656-663.1998.

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ABSTRACT Adherence of Haemophilus influenzae to epithelial cells plays a central role in colonization and is the first step in infection with this organism. Pili, which are large polymorphic surface proteins, have been shown to mediate the binding of H. influenzae to cells of the human respiratory tract. Earlier experiments have demonstrated that the major epitopes of H. influenzae pili are highly conformational and immunologically heterogenous; their subunit pilins are, however, immunologically homogenous. To define the extent of structural variation in pilins, which polymerize to form pili,

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3

Rubin, L. G., K. Staiman, and N. Kamani. "Occult bacteremia with nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 25, no. 7 (1987): 1314–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.25.7.1314-1315.1987.

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4

LaCross, Nathan C., Carl F. Marrs, and Janet R. Gilsdorf. "Population structure in nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae." Infection, Genetics and Evolution 14 (March 2013): 125–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2012.11.023.

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5

Foxwell, A. Ruth, Jennelle M. Kyd, and Allan W. Cripps. "Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae: Pathogenesis and Prevention." Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 62, no. 2 (1998): 294–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.62.2.294-308.1998.

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SUMMARY In this paper, we describe the ability of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) to coexist with the human host and the devastating results associated with disruption of the delicate state of balanced pathogenesis, resulting in both acute and chronic respiratory tract infections. It has been seen that the strains of NTHi causing disease show a marked genetic and phenotypic diversity but that changes in the lipooligosaccharide (LOS) and protein size and antigenicity in chronically infected individuals indicate that individual strains of NTHi can remain and adapt themselves to avoid e

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6

Kubiet, Martin, Reuben Ramphal, Allan Weber, and Arnold Smith. "Pilus-Mediated Adherence of Haemophilus influenzae to Human Respiratory Mucins." Infection and Immunity 68, no. 6 (2000): 3362–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.68.6.3362-3367.2000.

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ABSTRACT Haemophilus influenzae, especially the nontypeable strains, are among the most common pathogens encountered in patients with chronic lung disease and otitis media. We and others have demonstrated that respiratory isolates of nontypeable H. influenzae bind to human mucins, but the mechanism of binding is not entirely clear. We have therefore examined the role of pili in the adherence of both type b and nontypeable H. influenzae to human respiratory mucins. We used isogenic H. influenzaestrains with a mutation in the structural gene for pilin (hifA), a laboratory H. influenzae strain tr

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7

Williams, Bryan J., Miriam Golomb, Thomas Phillips, Joshua Brownlee, Maynard V. Olson, and Arnold L. Smith. "Bacteriophage HP2 of Haemophilus influenzae." Journal of Bacteriology 184, no. 24 (2002): 6893–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.184.24.6893-6905.2002.

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ABSTRACT Temperate bacteriophages effect chromosomal evolution of their bacterial hosts, mediating rearrangements and the acquisition of novel genes from other taxa. Although the Haemophilus influenzae genome shows evidence of past phage-mediated lateral transfer, the phages presumed responsible have not been identified. To date, six different H. influenzae phages are known; of these, only the HP1/S2 group, which lyosogenizes exclusively Rd strains (which were originally encapsulated serotype d), is well characterized. Phages in this group are genetically very similar, with a highly conserved

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8

Winter, Linda E., and Stephen J. Barenkamp. "HumanAntibodies Specific for the High-Molecular-Weight Adhesion Proteins ofNontypeable Haemophilus influenzae Mediate OpsonophagocyticActivity." Infection and Immunity 71, no. 12 (2003): 6884–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.71.12.6884-6891.2003.

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ABSTRACT The HMW1- and HMW2-like adhesion proteins of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae are expressed by 75% of these strains, and antibodies directed against these proteins are protective in animal models of infection. The purpose of the present study was to define the functional activity of human antibodies specific for these proteins in an in vitro complement-dependent opsonophagocytic assay. Human promyelocytic cell line HL-60 served as the source of phagocytic cells, and a commercial preparation of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) served as the source of human antibodies. High-molecular

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Ketterer, Margaret R., Jian Q. Shao, Douglas B. Hornick, Ben Buscher, Venkata K. Bandi, and Michael A. Apicella. "Infection of Primary Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells by Haemophilus influenzae: Macropinocytosis as a Mechanism of Airway Epithelial Cell Entry." Infection and Immunity 67, no. 8 (1999): 4161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.67.8.4161-4170.1999.

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ABSTRACT Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae is an exclusive human pathogen which infects the respiratory epithelium. We have initiated studies to explore the interaction of the nontypeableH. influenzae strain 2019 with primary human airway epithelial cells by electron and confocal microscopy. Primary human airway cell cultures were established as monolayers on glass collagen-coated coverslips or on semipermeable membranes at an air-fluid interface. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that bacteria adhered to nonciliated cells in the population. The surface of infected cells showed evidence

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10

SUNAKAWA, Keisuke, Yuriko TAKEUCHI, and Satoshi IWATA. "Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae （NTHi） Epidemiology." Kansenshogaku Zasshi 85, no. 3 (2011): 227–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.85.227.

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11

Smith-Vaughan, H. C., K. S. Sriprakash, J. D. Mathews, and D. J. Kemp. "Long PCR-ribotyping of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae." Journal of clinical microbiology 33, no. 5 (1995): 1192–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.33.5.1192-1195.1995.

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12

Poolman, J. T., L. Bakaletz, A. Cripps, et al. "Developing a nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) vaccine." Vaccine 19 (December 2000): S108—S115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0264-410x(00)00288-7.

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13

Elango, Danila, and Benjamin L. Schulz. "Phase-Variable Glycosylation in Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae." Journal of Proteome Research 19, no. 1 (2019): 464–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00657.

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14

Cho, Christine, Aroon T. Chande, Lokesh Gakhar, Jason Hunt, Margaret R. Ketterer, and Michael A. Apicella. "Characterization of a nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae thermonuclease." PLOS ONE 13, no. 5 (2018): e0197010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0197010.

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15

Harrison, Alistair, William C. Ray, Beth D. Baker, David W. Armbruster, Lauren O. Bakaletz, and Robert S. Munson. "The OxyR Regulon in Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae." Journal of Bacteriology 189, no. 3 (2006): 1004–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01040-06.

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ABSTRACT Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is a gram-negative bacterium and a common commensal organism of the upper respiratory tract in humans. NTHi causes a number of diseases, including otitis media, sinusitis, conjunctivitis, exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and bronchitis. During the course of colonization and infection, NTHi must withstand oxidative stress generated by insult due to multiple reactive oxygen species produced endogenously by other copathogens and by host cells. Using an NTHi-specific microarray containing oligonucleotides representing the 18

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16

Baugh, Reginald F., Mark Hatch, and Shan R. Baker. "Nontypeable Haemophilus Influenzae Supraglottitis: Report of Case." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 100, no. 6 (1989): 617–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019459988910000618.

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17

CURRAN, JOHN P. "Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae Meningitis in an Adolescent." Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 144, no. 5 (1990): 517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.1990.02150290011003.

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18

Vitovski, Srdjan, Kim T. Dunkin, Anthony J. Howard, and Jon R. Sayers. "Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae in Carriage and Disease." JAMA 287, no. 13 (2002): 1699. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.287.13.1699.

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19

Harrison, Alistair, David W. Dyer, Allison Gillaspy, et al. "Genomic Sequence of an Otitis Media Isolate of Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae: Comparative Study with H. influenzae Serotype d, Strain KW20." Journal of Bacteriology 187, no. 13 (2005): 4627–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.187.13.4627-4636.2005.

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ABSTRACT In 1995, the Institute for Genomic Research completed the genome sequence of a rough derivative of Haemophilus influenzae serotype d, strain KW20. Although extremely useful in understanding the basic biology of H. influenzae, these data have not provided significant insight into disease caused by nontypeable H. influenzae, as serotype d strains are not pathogens. In contrast, strains of nontypeable H. influenzae are the primary pathogens of chronic and recurrent otitis media in children. In addition, these organisms have an important role in acute otitis media in children as well as o

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20

Osorio-Aguilar, Yesenia, Maria Cristina Gonzalez-Vazquez, Patricia Lozano-Zarain, Ygnacio Martinez-Laguna, Alejandro Carabarin-Lima, and Rosa del Carmen Rocha-Gracia. "Cloning and Characterization of Immunological Properties of Haemophilus influenzae Enolase." Journal of Immunology Research 2021 (June 16, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6629824.

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Haemophilus influenzae is a common organism of the human upper respiratory tract; this bacterium is responsible of a wide spectrum for respiratory infections and can generate invasive diseases such as meningitis and septicemia. These infections are associated with H. influenzae encapsulated serotype b. However, the incidence of invasive disease caused by nontypeable H. influenzae (NTHi) has increased in the post-H. influenzae serotype b (Hib) vaccine era. Currently, an effective vaccine against NTHi is not available; due to this, it is important to find an antigen capable to confer protection

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21

Gaultier, Gabrielle N., Kayla N. Colledanchise, Alaa Alhazmi, and Marina Ulanova. "The Immunostimulatory Capacity of Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae Lipooligosaccharide." Pathogens and Immunity 2, no. 1 (2017): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.20411/pai.v2i1.162.

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Background: We have recently found that lipooligosaccharide (LOS) isolated from encapsulated strains of Haemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae) has strong adjuvant, but diminished pro-inflammatory ability as compared to Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In this study, we aimed to determine the immunostimulatory capacity of nontypeable/ non-encapsulated H. influenzae (NTHi) LOS by comparing the effect of killed bacteria with LOS isolated from the same strain.Methods: Following stimulation of human monocytic THP-1 cells with killed NTHi strain 375, or with the corresponding amount of LOS

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22

Novotny, Laura A., Kevin M. Mason, and Lauren O. Bakaletz. "Development of a Chinchilla Model To Allow Direct, Continuous, Biophotonic Imaging of Bioluminescent Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae during Experimental Otitis Media." Infection and Immunity 73, no. 1 (2005): 609–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.73.1.609-611.2005.

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ABSTRACT We transformed a nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae clinical isolate with a plasmid containing the luxCDABE operon driven by the H. influenzae outer membrane protein P2 promoter. Herein, we demonstrate the ability to detect bioluminescence and to monitor infection within the nasopharynges, eustachian tubes, and middle ears of chinchillas after intranasal and transbullar challenges.

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23

Bernstein, Joel M., Michael Belmont, Howard S. Faden, Diane Dryja, Frank Scannapieco, and Judy Wolf. "Interference of Nontypeable Haemophilus Influenzae and Moraxella Catarrhalis by Streptococcus Oralis in Adenoid Organ Culture: A Possible Strategy for the Treatment of the Otitis-Prone Child." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 111, no. 8 (2002): 696–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348940211100807.

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The role of viridans group streptococci (Streptococcus oralis) in the prevention of colonization with nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis was investigated in an adenoid organ culture system. The adenoids from 100 patients who were undergoing adenoidectomy for either hypertrophy or recurrent otitis media were used. Streptococcus oralis Parker uniformly inhibited colonization with nontypeable H influenzae or M catarrhalis over a 24-hour period of incubation in adenoid organ culture. Streptococcus oralis Booth, a noninhibitory strain, did not significantly reduce coloniza

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Green, Bruce A., Elizabeth Baranyi, Thomas J. Reilly, Arnold L. Smith, and Gary W. Zlotnick. "Certain Site-Directed, Nonenzymatically Active Mutants of the Haemophilus influenzae P4 Lipoprotein Are Able To Elicit Bactericidal Antibodies." Infection and Immunity 73, no. 7 (2005): 4454–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.73.7.4454-4457.2005.

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ABSTRACT The Haemophilus influenzae P4 lipoprotein (hel) is a potential component of a nontypeable H. influenzae otitis media vaccine. Since P4 is known to be an enzyme, nonenzymatically active forms of recombinant P4 are required. After site-directed mutagenesis of the hel gene, three of the mutated proteins were shown to be vaccine candidates.

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25

Gönüllü, Erdem, Nesrin Özkan, Ahmet Soysal, et al. "Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae Otitis Media: Mastoiditis and Meningitis Complicated with Central Venous Thrombosis in an Immunocompetent Child." Case Reports in Infectious Diseases 2021 (March 12, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8845200.

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Implementation of the Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) conjugate vaccine brought about a reduction in the number of cases and morbidity from type B but an increase in nontypeable strain infections. Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) commonly colonizes children’s upper respiratory tract and causes otitis media, sinusitis, and bronchitis. Invasive NTHi diseases, such as meningitis and septicemia, have rarely been reported. Herein, we discuss a previously healthy, fully immunized 3-year-old girl presented with otitis media and mastoiditis leading to meningitis caused by NTHi complicated

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26

Dawid, Suzanne, Susan Grass, and Joseph W. St. Geme. "Mapping of Binding Domains of NontypeableHaemophilus influenzae HMW1 and HMW2 Adhesins." Infection and Immunity 69, no. 1 (2001): 307–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.69.1.307-314.2001.

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ABSTRACT Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae is an important cause of localized respiratory tract disease, which begins with colonization of the upper respiratory mucosa. In previous work we reported that the nontypeable H. influenzae HMW1 and HMW2 proteins are high-molecular-weight nonpilus adhesins responsible for attachment to human epithelial cells, an essential step in the process of colonization. Interestingly, although HMW1 and HMW2 share significant sequence similarity, they display distinct cellular binding specificities. In order to map the HMW1 and HMW2 binding domains, we generated

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27

Alzbutienė, Giedrė, Ann Hermansson, Per Cayè-Thomasen, and Vytenis Kinduris. "Tympanic membrane changes in experimental acute otitis media and myringotomy." Medicina 44, no. 4 (2008): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina44040041.

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Objective. The present experimental study explored pathomorphological changes and calcium depositions in the tympanic membrane during experimental acute otitis media caused by nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae in myringotomized and nonmyringotomized ears. Material and methods. A rat model of experimental acute otitis media caused by nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae was employed. Sixteen Sprague-Dawley rats were used. Four days following middle ear inoculation, a bilateral myringotomy was performed in six randomly selected animals. Another group of 10 animals was inoculated only. On days 4,

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Hartmann, Evamarie, Clifford A. Lingwood, and Joachim Reidl. "Heat-Inducible Surface Stress Protein (Hsp70) Mediates Sulfatide Recognition of the Respiratory Pathogen Haemophilus influenzae." Infection and Immunity 69, no. 5 (2001): 3438–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.69.5.3438-3441.2001.

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ABSTRACT The in vitro glycolipid binding specificity of clinical strains of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae is altered to include sulfated glycolipids following a brief heat shock. We have constructed, expressed, and purified a recombinant protein of H. influenzae Hsp70, which showed significant specific binding to sulfated galactolipids in vitro. Furthermore, indirect immunofluorescence demonstrates that Hsp70 proteins are surface exposed in H. influenzae only after heat shock and are contained in the outer membrane protein fractions.

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Yang, Yan-ping, Sheena M. Loosmore, Brian J. Underdown, and Michel H. Klein. "Nasopharyngeal Colonization with Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae in Chinchillas." Infection and Immunity 66, no. 5 (1998): 1973–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.66.5.1973-1980.1998.

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ABSTRACT Colonization of the nasopharynx by a middle ear pathogen is the first step in the development of otitis media in humans. The establishment of an animal model of nasopharyngeal colonization would therefore be of great utility in assessing the potential protective ability of candidate vaccine antigens (especially adhesins) against otitis media. A chinchilla nasopharyngeal colonization model for nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI) was developed with antibiotic-resistant strains. This model does not require coinfection with a virus. There was no significant difference in the efficie

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30

Murphy, Timothy F., Howard Faden, Lauren O. Bakaletz, et al. "Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae as a Pathogen in Children." Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 28, no. 1 (2009): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/inf.0b013e318184dba2.

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31

Kyd, Jennelle, and Allan Cripps. "Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae: challenges in developing a vaccine." Journal of Biotechnology 73, no. 2-3 (1999): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1656(99)00113-3.

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32

Kyd, Jennelle M., and Allan W. Cripps. "Towards a Protein Vaccine for Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae." Clinical Infectious Diseases 28, no. 2 (1999): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/515119.

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33

Erwin, Alice L., and Arnold L. Smith. "Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae: understanding virulence and commensal behavior." Trends in Microbiology 15, no. 8 (2007): 355–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2007.06.004.

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34

Behrouzi, Ava, Farzam Vaziri, Fatemeh Rahimi-Jamnani, et al. "Vaccine Candidates against Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae: a Review." Iranian Biomedical Journal 21, no. 2 (2017): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.18869/acadpub.ibj.21.2.69.

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35

Murphy, Timothy F. "Vaccines for Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae: the Future Is Now." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 22, no. 5 (2015): 459–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00089-15.

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ABSTRACTInfections due to nontypeableHaemophilus influenzaeresult in enormous global morbidity in two clinical settings: otitis media in children and respiratory tract infections in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Recurrent otitis media affects up to 20% of children and results in hearing loss, delays in speech and language development and, in developing countries, chronic suppurative otitis media. Infections in people with COPD result in clinic and emergency room visits, hospital admissions, and respiratory failure. An effective vaccine would prevent morbidity, help

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36

Kyd, Jennelle M., Allan W. Cripps, Laura A. Novotny, and Lauren O. Bakaletz. "Efficacy of the 26-Kilodalton Outer Membrane Protein and Two P5 Fimbrin-Derived Immunogens To Induce Clearance of Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae from the Rat Middle Ear and Lungs as Well as from the Chinchilla Middle Ear and Nasopharynx." Infection and Immunity 71, no. 8 (2003): 4691–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.71.8.4691-4699.2003.

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ABSTRACT The rat middle ear and lung clearance model has been used to show that the nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae 26-kDa outer membrane protein OMP26 is highly efficacious as a mucosal immunogen, inducing significantly enhanced clearance in immunized rats upon direct challenge of these two anatomic sites. Similarly, the chinchilla model of middle ear and nasopharyngeal clearance has been used to show that two P5 fimbrin adhesin-derived immunogens, LB1 and lipoprotein D (LPD)-LB1(f)2,1,3, are highly efficacious as parenteral immunogens. Both induced significantly augmented clearance of non

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St. Geme, Joseph W., Vini V. Kumar, David Cutter, and Stephen J. Barenkamp. "Prevalence and Distribution of the hmwand hia Genes and the HMW and Hia Adhesins among Genetically Diverse Strains of Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae." Infection and Immunity 66, no. 1 (1998): 364–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.66.1.364-368.1998.

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ABSTRACT Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae is a common cause of human disease and initiates infection by colonizing the upper respiratory tract. In previous work we identified high-molecular-weight adhesins referred to as HMW1 and HMW2, expressed by nontypeable strain 12, and determined that most strains of nontypeable H. influenzae express one or two antigenically related proteins. More recently, we determined that some strains lack HMW1- and HMW2-like proteins and instead express an adhesin called Hia. In the present study, we determined the prevalence and distribution of thehmw and hia gen

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38

Allen, Simon, Anthony Zaleski, Jason W. Johnston, Bradford W. Gibson, and Michael A. Apicella. "Novel Sialic Acid Transporter of Haemophilus influenzae." Infection and Immunity 73, no. 9 (2005): 5291–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.73.9.5291-5300.2005.

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ABSTRACT Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae is an opportunistic pathogen and a common cause of otitis media in children and of chronic bronchitis and pneumonia in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The lipooligosaccharides, a major component of the outer membrane of H. influenzae, play an important role in microbial virulence and pathogenicity. N-Acetylneuraminic acid (sialic acid) can be incorporated into the lipooligosaccharides as a terminal nonreducing sugar. Although much of the pathway of sialic acid incorporation into lipooligosaccharides is understood, the transporter

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39

Ecevit, I. Zafer, Kirk W. McCrea, Carl F. Marrs, and Janet R. Gilsdorf. "Identification of New hmwA Alleles from Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae." Infection and Immunity 73, no. 2 (2005): 1221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.73.2.1221-1225.2005.

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ABSTRACT High-molecular-weight proteins of Haemophilus influenzae mediate attachment to epithelial cells. Previous reports describe several allelic versions of hmwA genes that have different adherence properties. Here we report three new alleles of hmwA (hmwA from strain AAr96, hmwA from strain AAr105, and hmwA from strain G822), demonstrating the high degree of DNA variation of these genes among different strains.

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40

Hu, Fang, Lavanya Rishishwar, Ambily Sivadas, et al. "Comparative Genomic Analysis of Haemophilus haemolyticus and Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae and a New Testing Scheme for Their Discrimination." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 54, no. 12 (2016): 3010–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.01511-16.

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Haemophilushaemolyticushas been recently discovered to have the potential to cause invasive disease. It is closely related to nontypeableHaemophilus influenzae(NTH. influenzae). NTH. influenzaeandH. haemolyticusare often misidentified because none of the existing tests targeting the known phenotypes ofH. haemolyticusare able to specifically identifyH. haemolyticus. Through comparative genomic analysis ofH. haemolyticusand NTH. influenzae, we identified genes unique toH. haemolyticusthat can be used as targets for the identification ofH. haemolyticus. A real-time PCR targetingpurT(encoding phos

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41

Alikhan, Mir M., and F. Eun-Hyung Lee. "Understanding nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease." Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine 20, no. 2 (2014): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mcp.0000000000000023.

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42

Barenkamp, Stephen J. "A New Human Colonization Model for Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae." Journal of Infectious Diseases 208, no. 5 (2013): 717–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jit242.

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43

Daines, Dayle A., Mack H. Wu, and Sarah Y. Yuan. "VapC-1 of Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae Is a Ribonuclease." Journal of Bacteriology 189, no. 14 (2007): 5041–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00290-07.

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ABSTRACT Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) organisms are obligate parasites of the human upper respiratory tract that can exist as commensals or pathogens. Toxin-antitoxin (TA) loci are highly conserved gene pairs that encode both a toxin and antitoxin moiety. Seven TA gene families have been identified to date, and NTHi carries two alleles of the vapBC family. Here, we have characterized the function of one of the NTHi alleles, vapBC-1. The gene pair is transcribed as an operon in two NTHi clinical isolates, and promoter fusions display an inverse relationship to culture density. The

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Barenkamp, S. J. "Outer Membrane Proteins and Lipopolysaccharides of Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae." Journal of Infectious Diseases 165, Supplement 1 (1992): S181—S184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/165-supplement_1-s181.

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Fusté, M. C., M. A. Pineda, J. Palomar, M. Viñas, and J. G. Lorén. "Clonality of multidrug-resistant nontypeable strains of Haemophilus influenzae." Journal of clinical microbiology 34, no. 11 (1996): 2760–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.34.11.2760-2765.1996.

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Lim, Mary E., Jill A. Hoffman, and Kwang Sik Kim. "Recurrent Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Infection Due to Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae." Clinical Infectious Diseases 28, no. 1 (1999): 147–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/517182.

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Song, Xin-Ming, and Håkan Janson. "Differencesin Genetic and Transcriptional Organization of the glpTQOperons between Haemophilus influenzae Type b andNontypeableStrains." Journal of Bacteriology 185, no. 24 (2003): 7285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.185.24.7285-7290.2003.

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ABSTRACT The glpTQ operon of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) and nontypeable H. influenzae (NTHi) strains is highly conserved, except for a 1.4-kb glpTQ intergenic region that was found in most Hib strains. The presence of this intergenic region results in divergent glpTQ transcriptional profiles for Hib and NTHi where Hib strains appear to have evolved an alternative promoter for glpQ expression. Based on the intergenic region's low G+C content, we speculate that this DNA fragment was acquired by lateral transfer.

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Faden, Howard, Thomas Foels, Linda Duffy, and Jung J. Hong. "Adherence of Nontypeable Haemophilus Influenzae to Respiratory Epithelium of Otitis-Prone and Normal Children." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 105, no. 5 (1996): 367–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348949610500507.

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Three hundred six children were enrolled at birth in a prospective study of otitis media and followed up for 2 years. Adherence of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae to buccal epithelial cells was compared between otitis-prone children and age- and sex-matched normal controls at birth, 1 year, and 2 years. The mean ± SD/median percent adherence was similar for the two groups at birth (1.6 ± 2.3/1.0 versus 1.2 ± 1.4/1.0; NS) and at 2 years (1.6 ± 1.7/1.5 versus 2.1 ±2.1/1.5; NS). At 1 year of age the adherence rate for the otitis-prone group (2.4 ± 2.6/1.0) was statistically greater than that f

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Kidd, Stephen P., Donald Jiang, Michael P. Jennings, and Alastair G. McEwan. "Glutathione-Dependent Alcohol Dehydrogenase AdhC Is Required for Defense against Nitrosative Stress in Haemophilus influenzae." Infection and Immunity 75, no. 9 (2007): 4506–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00487-07.

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ABSTRACT In Haemophilus influenzae Rd KW20, we identified a gene, adhC, which encodes a class III alcohol dehydrogenase (AdhC) and has S-nitrosoglutathione reductase activity. adhC exists on an operon with estD, which encodes an esterase. Divergent to the adhC-estD operon is the Haemophilus influenzae nmlR gene (nmlR HI), which encodes a MerR family regulator that is homologous to the Neisseria MerR-like regulator (NmlR). Analysis of an nmlR HI mutant indicated that expression of the adhC-estD operon is regulated by NmlRHI in strain Rd KW20. Chromosomal inactivation of either adhC or nmlR HI r

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Fernaays, Matthew M., Alan J. Lesse, Xueya Cai, and Timothy F. Murphy. "Characterization of igaB, a Second Immunoglobulin A1 Protease Gene in Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae." Infection and Immunity 74, no. 10 (2006): 5860–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00796-06.

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ABSTRACT Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae is an important respiratory pathogen, causing otitis media in children and lower respiratory tract infection in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1) protease is a well-described protein and potential virulence factor in this organism as well as other respiratory pathogens. IgA1 proteases cleave human IgA1, are involved in invasion, and display immunomodulatory effects. We have identified a second IgA1 protease gene, igaB, in H. influenzae that is present in addition to the previously described IgA1 protea

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