Journal articles: 'Norfolk Island'

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Gonschor, Lorenz, and André Nobbs. "Norfolk Island." Contemporary Pacific 33, no. 1 (2021): 221–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cp.2021.0015.

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Rickard, John. "Norfolk Island∗." Australian Historical Studies 26, no. 104 (April 1995): 480–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10314619508595976.

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Gonschor, Lorenz. "Norfolk Island." Contemporary Pacific 29, no. 1 (2017): 154–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cp.2017.0011.

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Nobbs, Chris. "Norfolk Island." Contemporary Pacific 30, no. 1 (2018): 184–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cp.2018.0012.

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Millar, Alan J. K. "Marine benthic algae of Norfolk Island, South Pacific." Australian Systematic Botany 12, no. 4 (1999): 479. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb98004.

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The marine benthic algae of Norfolk Island are documented and 60 of the 236 species are illustrated. All records are fully referenced, and type localities, local distribution and notes on taxonomic and biogeographic affinities of each species are given. Of the 236 taxa, 41 species are Chlorophyta, 41 are Phaeophyta and the remainder (154) are Rhodophyta. Apart from several undescribed taxa, none is endemic to the island, although Solieria anastomosa and Dasya fruticulosa are apparently restricted to Norfolk and Lord Howe Island, the two islands presently sharing 106 species (almost half the Norfolk marine flora and one-third that of Lord Howe). Although there are some species for which Norfolk Island represents a major range extension into or within the Pacific (Dasycladus ramosus, Halicoryne wrightii, Anotrichium anthericephalum, Herposiphonia arcuata and Polysiphonia japonica), a con- siderable number of the species are shared with the Great Barrier Reef and the New South Wales coastline as well as Lord Howe Island. Major northern range extensions are recorded for the large temperate brown alga Ecklonia radiata, and possibly Phyllospora comosa and Durvillaea antarctica, although the island more typically hosts numerous tropical algae such as Trichogloea requienii and members of the green algal order Dasycladales including Halicoryne wrightii, Bornetella nitida and Neomeris annulata. As a consequence of this survey, the two rhodymeniacean species Chrysymenia ornata and C. digitata are considered to be conspecific.

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NASH, JOSHUA. "The influence of Edward Young's St Kitts Creole in Pitcairn Island and Norfolk Island toponyms." English Language and Linguistics 22, no. 3 (March 7, 2017): 483–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1360674316000605.

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Edward Young, the midshipman who sided with Fletcher Christian during the Mutiny on the Bounty, which took place in 1789, was an English and St Kitts Creole speaker. The influence of Young's Kittitian lexicon and grammar toponyms (placenames) in the Pitcairn Island language – Pitcairn – exists in features such as the use of articles and possessive constructions. Pitcairn was moved to Norfolk Island sixty-six years after the settling of Pitcairn Island in 1790 by the mutineers and their Polynesian counterparts. While Kittitian for ‘for, of’ and Kittitian-derived articles ha/ah only occur in a few documented placenames in Pitcairn, the fer and ar/dar elements of possessive constructions in placenames in Norfolk, the Norfolk Island language still spoken today by the descendants of the Pitcairners, are more common than in Pitcairn placenames. It is argued that the use of the for/fer possessive construction and article forms are key social deictic markers of identity and distinctiveness, especially in Norfolk placenames. Their usage delineates Pitcairn blood heritage and ancestry (Norfolk: comefrom) as either Pitcairner or non-Pitcairner, and has been expanded in and adapted to the new social and natural environment of Norfolk Island. The analysis draws on primary Norfolk placename data and compares it to secondary Pitcairn data.

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Nash, Joshua. "Official and Unofficial Toponyms on Norfolk Island." Вопросы Ономастики 18, no. 2 (2021): 228–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/vopr_onom.2021.18.2.027.

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Norfolk Island (South Pacific), a small external territory of Australia, has a placenaming record marked by distinct historical, settlement, and land use periods. This brief communication considers the complex nexus of official–unofficial, embedded–unembedded, and English–Norfolk Island language toponyms as a way to make better sense of the localization of toponymic knowledge and to appreciate better how such knowledge functions within a minute society intricately connected to its own largely known past and an ever changing toponymic present. The data were collected during interview fieldwork on Norfolk Island during the period 2007–2009. It concludes by putting forward a four-category division of Norfolk Island toponyms: 1) official names adhering to common colonial forms; 2) official and unofficial descriptive names; 3) unofficial names commemorating local people; 4) unofficial and esoteric names remembering local events and people. These categories appear distinct, but they are not necessarily mutually exclusive. The differentiation of processes of toponyms becoming embedded and the localization of toponymic knowledge are a possible explanation for the loss of toponymic knowledge among younger people on Norfolk Island and suggests a general ecological disconnect across time involving people, history, and events associated with Norfolk Island toponyms. The Norfolk Island official–unofficial toponym distinction is applicable to other toponymic case studies, especially situations with competing placenaming histories.

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Shaughnessy, Peter D., and Margaret Christian. "Seals (Pinnipedia) at Norfolk Island, south-west Pacific." Australian Mammalogy 38, no. 2 (2016): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am15035.

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Five seals were observed at Norfolk Island (29°S, 168°E) between 2000 and 2013. Two have been identified as Arctocephalus forsteri on the basis of photographs, a juvenile or weaned pup that weighed 9.5 kg and a subadult male. The nearest known aggregation of these fur seals is at Three Kings Islands (34°S, 172°E), 700 km to the south-east. Because New Zealand fur seals are increasing in abundance in New Zealand and Australia, sightings of vagrant fur seals at Norfolk Island are likely to increase.

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Wettenhall, Roger. "Decolonizing through integration: Australia’s off-shore island territories." Island Studies Journal 11, no. 2 (2016): 715–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.24043/isj.376.

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Australia’s three small off-shore island territories – Norfolk Island in the Pacific Ocean and Christmas Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands Group in the Indian Ocean – can be seen as monuments to 19th century British-style colonization, though their early paths to development took very different courses. Their transition to the status of external territories of the Australian Commonwealth in the 20th century – early in the case of Norfolk and later in the cases of Christmas and Cocos – put them on a common path in which serious tensions emerged between local populations which sought autonomous governance and the Commonwealth government which wanted to impose governmental systems similar to those applying to mainstream Australians. This article explores the issues involved, and seeks to relate the governmental history of the three island territories to the exploration of island jurisdictions developed in island studies research.

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Nash, Joshua. "Is toponymy necessary?" Studies in Language 39, no. 1 (June 15, 2015): 230–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.39.1.08nas.

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Like other areas of linguistic study, toponymy as a domain of analysis does not present itself as being overly reflective of its own assumptions. I ask whether a sub-category or sub-analysis dedicated to toponymy is required at all if we analyse toponyms, landscape terms, and geographical names within the scope of general linguistic analysis (lexical semantics, morphosyntax, and phonology). Or put succinctly: Is toponymy necessary? Data from a longitudinal study of Norfolk Island and Kangaroo Island toponymy indicate there are no marked aberrancies in either sets of data which cannot be accounted for by either more general Norf’k (the Norfolk Island language) or English rules. I conclude by suggesting future studies in landscape terminology should be more mindful of the requirements of the linguistic study of toponymy, especially within lexical, morphosyntactic, and phonological concerns, rather than just within the semantic domain.

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Spencer, Hamish G., Jonathan M. Waters, and Thomas E. Eichhorst. "Taxonomy and nomenclature of black nerites (Gastropoda:Neritimorpha:Nerita) from the South Pacific." Invertebrate Systematics 21, no. 3 (2007): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/is06038.

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Members of the genus Nerita are abundant components of the intertidal fauna in many parts of the world and yet Nerita taxonomy remains unsettled. Here, the relationships among black-shelled Nerita populations from Australia, New Zealand, Norfolk Island, Lord Howe Island, the Kermadec Islands and Easter Island are discussed. Four species are recognised: N. atramentosa Reeve, 1855 from the southern half of Australia; N. melanotragus E.A. Smith, 1884 from eastern Australia, northern New Zealand, Lord Howe Island, Norfolk Island and the Kermadec Islands; N. morio (G. B. Sowerby I, 1833) from Easter Island and the Austral Islands; and N. lirellata Rehder, 1980 from Easter Island alone. These species are of great importance in studies of intertidal community structure and yet two of them have been consistently confused in the ecological and taxonomic literature. Moreover, the relationships among the species are not at all as implied by recent subgeneric classifications; it is argued that all four species should be placed in the subgenus Lisanerita Krijnen, 2002. The superficially similar N. picea Récluz, 1841 is not closely related. An accurate taxonomy of the genus will almost certainly require considerable genetic analysis. The nomenclature for each species is herein established by complete synonymies, and lectotypes for both N. atramentosa and N. melanotragus are selected.

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Anderson, Atholl, Ian Smith, and Peter White. "Archaeological fieldwork on Norfolk Island." Records of the Australian Museum, Supplement 27 (November 28, 2001): 11–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.0812-7387.27.2001.1336.

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Connor, H. E. "Elymus (Gramineae) on Norfolk Island." Kew Bulletin 45, no. 4 (1990): 680. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4113875.

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Causer, Tim. "'Administering the Norfolk Island penal station, 1825-55'." Journal of Australian, Canadian, and Aotearoa New Zealand Studies 3 (September 1, 2023): 71–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.52230/wldb9498.

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This article seeks to explore how the penal station at Norfolk Island was administered, and will in the main focus upon the internal factors which impacted upon that administration and thereby seek to fill a considerable gap in prior histories. In so doing it will propose a model for Norfolk Island’s administrative structure, adapted from that posited by Bill Thorpe and Raymond Evans in their study of the ruling order at the Moreton Bay penal settlement. In particular the article will examine the working lives and place in the administrative structure of: i) Norfolk Island’s official class, at the apex of which was the commandant, where interactions were characterised by heightened considerations of class and status; ii) Norfolk Island’s military officers and the soldiers stationed there; and iii) prisoners employed as petty officials, with a special focus upon a few individuals who were able to transcend the boundaries of the administrative structure and rise through its ranks to positions of considerable, if relative, power.

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Mackey, David A., Justin C. Sherwin, Lisa S. Kearns, Yaling Ma, John Kelly, Byoung-Sun Chu, Robert MacMillan, et al. "The Norfolk Island Eye Study (NIES): Rationale, Methodology and Distribution of Ocular Biometry (Biometry of the Bounty)." Twin Research and Human Genetics 14, no. 1 (February 1, 2011): 42–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/twin.14.1.42.

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Aim:To describe the recruitment, ophthalmic examination methods and distribution of ocular biometry of participants in the Norfolk Island Eye Study, who were individuals descended from the English Bounty mutineers and their Polynesian wives.Methods:All 1,275 permanent residents of Norfolk Island aged over 15 years were invited to participate, including 602 individuals involved in a 2001 cardiovascular disease study. Participants completed a detailed questionnaire and underwent a comprehensive eye assessment including stereo disc and retinal photography, ocular coherence topography and conjunctival autofluorescence assessment. Additionally, blood or saliva was taken for DNA testing.Results:781 participants aged over 15 years were seen (54% female), comprising 61% of the permanent Island population. 343 people (43.9%) could trace their family history to the Pitcairn Islanders (Norfolk Island Pitcairn Pedigree). Mean anterior chamber depth was 3.32mm, mean axial length (AL) was 23.5mm, and mean central corneal thickness was 546 microns. There were no statistically significant differences in these characteristics between persons with and without Pitcairn Island ancestry. Mean intra-ocular pressure was lower in people with Pitcairn Island ancestry: 15.89mmHg compared to those without Pitcairn Island ancestry 16.49mmHg (P= .007). The mean keratometry value was lower in people with Pitcairn Island ancestry (43.22 vs. 43.52,P= .007). The corneas were flatter in people of Pitcairn ancestry but there was no corresponding difference in AL or refraction.Conclusion:Our study population is highly representative of the permanent population of Norfolk Island. Ocular biometry was similar to that of other white populations. Heritability estimates, linkage analysis and genome-wide studies will further elucidate the genetic determinants of chronic ocular diseases in this genetic isolate.

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Pale, S. E. "Norfolk Island and Australia: a history of uneasy relationship." South East Asia: Actual problems of Development, no. 2 (47) (2020): 224–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2072-8271-2020-2-2-47-224-231.

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This article is about the complicated relations between Norfolk Island located in the South Pacific and Australia that possesses the island as its ‘external territory’. Over the past century Australia and its tiny but strategically important possession have overcome many difficult moments, the most dramatic of which took place in 2015, when the Australian Parliament ended self-government on the island and put Norfolk under the laws of New South Wales thus making it part of Australia.

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Nash, Joshua. "An island, some fishers, and a few placenames: a research note." Island Studies Journal 11, no. 2 (2016): 431–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24043/isj.359.

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The social and linguistic status of Norfolk Island placenames is explored through a creative process based in fieldwork engagement. A personal narrative is proffered relating the human-human interface of investigative interaction with local fishers to their sociocultural environment. One of the means Norfolk Islanders make sense of their remote island is through names and other mediated social and ecological relationships.

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Hughes, Justin, Cuan Petheram, Andrew Taylor, Matthias Raiber, Phil Davies, and Shaun Levick. "Water Balance of a Small Island Experiencing Climate Change." Water 14, no. 11 (May 31, 2022): 1771. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14111771.

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Small islands provide challenges to hydrological investigation, both in terms of the physical environment and available resources for hydrological monitoring. Furthermore, small islands are generally more vulnerable to natural disasters and water shortages for resident populations. Norfolk Island in the South–west Pacific, is typical in these respects, and recent water shortages have highlighted the lack of hydrological knowledge required to make informed decisions regarding water supply. Accordingly, a campaign of field measurements and analysis was conducted on Norfolk Island in the 2019–2020 period and these were compared to data from the 1970’s and 1980’s along with climate records to provide some insight into the behaviour and changes to the hydrology of the island over the last 50 years. Data indicates that a decline in rainfall across the 50 year water balance period (13%) combined with increased potential evapo-transpiration and changes to land cover have reduced recharge by 27%. Reduced recharge resulted in a significant decline in the groundwater potentiometric surface and runoff (reduced by around 57%). Examination of the water balance indicates that the majority (70–80%) of recharge across the 50 year period discharges to the ocean via cliff or submarine discharge.

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Lenzen, Manfred. "Sustainable island businesses: a case study of Norfolk Island." Journal of Cleaner Production 16, no. 18 (December 2008): 2018–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2008.02.006.

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O’Brien, Stacie, Rodney A. Lea, Sudhir Jadhao, Simon Lee, Shrey Sukhadia, Vignesh Arunachalam, Eileen Roulis, Robert L. Flower, Lyn Griffiths, and Shivashankar H. Nagaraj. "Genetic Characterization of Blood Group Antigens for Polynesian Heritage Norfolk Island Residents." Genes 14, no. 9 (August 30, 2023): 1740. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14091740.

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Improvements in blood group genotyping methods have allowed large scale population-based blood group genetics studies, facilitating the discovery of rare blood group antigens. Norfolk Island, an external and isolated territory of Australia, is one example of an underrepresented segment of the broader Australian population. Our study utilized whole genome sequencing data to characterize 43 blood group systems in 108 Norfolk Island residents. Blood group genotypes and phenotypes across the 43 systems were predicted using RBCeq. Predicted frequencies were compared to data available from the 1000G project. Additional copy number variation analysis was performed, investigating deletions outside of RHCE, RHD, and MNS systems. Examination of the ABO blood group system predicted a higher distribution of group A1 (45.37%) compared to group O (35.19%) in residents of the Norfolk Island group, similar to the distribution within European populations (42.94% and 38.97%, respectively). Examination of the Kidd blood group system demonstrated an increased prevalence of variants encoding the weakened Kidd phenotype at a combined prevalence of 12.04%, which is higher than that of the European population (5.96%) but lower than other populations in 1000G. Copy number variation analysis showed deletions within the Chido/Rodgers and ABO blood group systems. This study is the first step towards understanding blood group genotype and antigen distribution on Norfolk Island.

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Anderson, Atholl, and Peter White. "Approaching the prehistory of Norfolk Island." Records of the Australian Museum, Supplement 27 (November 28, 2001): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.0812-7387.27.2001.1335.

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Neuweger, Diana, Peter White, and Winston F. Ponder. "Land snails from Norfolk Island sites." Records of the Australian Museum, Supplement 27 (November 28, 2001): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.0812-7387.27.2001.1346.

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Tristram, H. B. "On two Birds from Norfolk Island." Ibis 27, no. 1 (June 28, 2008): 48–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.1885.tb06233.x.

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New, TR. "The Neuroptera (Insecta) of Norfolk Island." Invertebrate Systematics 1, no. 3 (1987): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/it9870257.

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A synopsis is given of records of Neuroptera from Norfolk Island, and their identities discussed. A recent substantial collection of Chrysopidae contains three species, which are figured and referred to described taxa. Affinities of the fauna are predominantly Australian, but the Chrysopa spp. appear to represent species unknown from Australia.

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van Fossen, Anthony. "Norfolk Island and Its Tax Haven." Australian Journal of Politics and History 48, no. 2 (June 2002): 210–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8497.00259.

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COLLOFF, MATTHEW J. "New species of Crotonia (Acari: Oribatida: Crotoniidae) from Lord Howe and Norfolk Islands: further evidence of long-distance dispersal events in the biogeography of a genus of Gondwanan relict oribatid mites." Zootaxa 2650, no. 1 (October 19, 2010): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2650.1.1.

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Three new species of oribatid mite belonging to the genus Crotonia are described: one from Lord Howe Island (C. gorgonia sp. nov.) and two (C. norfolkensis sp. nov. and C. utricularia sp. nov.) from Norfolk Island, South-west Pacific. Crotonia gorgonia sp. nov. belongs to the Capistrata species group which reaches its highest diversity in Australia but is absent from New Zealand. Crotonia norfolkensis sp. nov. is a member of the Cophinaria group, recorded from Australia, New Zealand and New Caledonia, but with closest morphological similarity to C. brachyrostrum (Hammer, 1966) from New Zealand. Crotonia utricularia sp. nov. belongs to the Unguifera group, which reaches its highest diversity in New Zealand, is absent from Australia, and is present on Vanuatu and the Marquesas. The distribution of members of the species-groups of Crotonia in the south-western Pacific indicates that the species from Lord Howe Island has affinities with species from Australia, while the species from Norfolk Island are both most similar to species from New Zealand, and represents further evidence of the capacity of Crotonia spp. for long-distance dispersal to oceanic islands.

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Mowat, Emily, Genevieve Kyi, Terry O’Dwyer, Lachlan Wilmott, and Nicolas Carlile. "First records of Herald Petrel Pterodroma heraldica on Phillip Island (Norfolk Island Group)." Australian Field Ornithology 41 (2024): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.20938/afo41077085.

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The Herald Petrel Pterodroma heraldica is a medium-sized gadfly petrel that breeds primarily on islands across the tropical and subtropical South Pacific Ocean. Its only confirmed breeding site in the Australasian region is Raine Island off North Queensland, where it occurs in very small numbers. Here we report on the presence of a Herald Petrel ashore on Phillip Island (Norfolk Island Group) in June 2021, and subsequent sightings in May and June 2022. On most occasions that a Herald Petrel was observed on the ground, it was seen under a shrub, behaviour which is consistent with prospecting for a nest site in this surface-nesting species. These sightings make Phillip Island one of just four locations in Australian territory at which the Herald Petrel has been recorded ashore away from Raine Island. Our new records reinforce the importance of active island restoration and the value of long-term intensive monitoring efforts. Future observations will confirm whether the species attempts to establish on Phillip Island, a location free from introduced predators and with ample suitable habitat.

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Cassis, Gerasimos, Geoff B. Monteith, and Anthony Postle. "Hiding among the palms: the remarkable discovery of a new palm bug genus and species (Insecta: Heteroptera: Thaumastocoridae: Xylastodorinae) from remote Norfolk Island; systematics, natural history, palm specialism and biogeography." Invertebrate Systematics 37, no. 10 (October 25, 2023): 702–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/is23040.

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The discovery of a remarkable new palm bug species on Norfolk Island brings into question its systematic position within the family Thaumastocoridae, and the validity and biogeography of the three extant subfamilies. Latebracoris norfolcensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is described from remote Norfolk Island in the Southwest Pacific. The species was found on the native Norfolk Island palm Rhopalostylis baueri. The formal description of the species includes fine details of external non-genitalic and genitalic characters, supported with images from light and scanning electron microscopy. Details of the egg are described, including the shape and micropylar configuration. All nymphal stages are diagnosed morphologically and morphometrically, with the segregation of the five instars using the Brooks–Dyar Rule. The natural history of the Norfolk Island Palm Bug is documented, including the oviposition site of eggs, and microhabitat of nymphs and adults on palm infructescences, with hypotheses about development in relation to reproductive succession of the palm host. The systematic position of the Norfolk Island Palm Bug is assessed through a phylogenetic analysis of a selection of taxa of the superfamily Miroidea, using the parsimony criterion. The phylogenetic analyses were partitioned into Recent and fossil taxa, revealing monophyly of the Thaumastocoridae, and the subfamilies Thaumastocorinae and Xylastodorinae, with synapomorphy and significant resampling support. The Thaicorinae are verified as synonymous with the Xylastodorinae. The monotypic fossil subfamily Thaumastotinginae is removed from the Thaumastocoridae and treated as incertae familiae. Suprageneric relationships were corroborated in the two taxon partition analyses. An overview of host associations is given verifying palm specialism for the Xylastodorinae. The natural history, palm specialism, biogeography, morphology and systematics of the Xylastodorinae and allies are discussed in light of the discovery of Latebracoris norfolcensis. ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:40A20DE4-6489-4B67-BF2E-0B7256BA1CD1

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Rentz, DCF. "The Orthopteroid insects of Norfolk Island, with descriptions and records of some related species from Lord Howe Island, South Pacific." Invertebrate Systematics 2, no. 8 (1988): 1013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/it9881013.

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The Orthoptera and Blattodea of Norfolk I. and adjacent Philip I. are discussed as a result of two recent expeditions sponsored by the Australian National Parks and Wildlife Service and CSIRO. The origins, affinities, taxonomy and ecology of species is presented. Relevant notes and descriptions of related species from Lord Howe I. are also included. Twenty species of Orthoptera are known from Norfolk I. and Philip I. Crickets are the dominant group (10 species) probably because they oviposit in plant tissue which is readily dispersed overseas. Ten orthopteran species have their origins in mainland Australia. Three are definitely of New Caledonian origin; the remainder are from south-east Asia. Fifty-five per cent of species are endemic and 72% of these are flightless. Introduced wild olive on Philip I. is considered important in pro-viding litter and cover in which a number of endemic species survive on this otherwise ecologically devastated landscape. Seven species are described as new: Phisis tardipes, sp. nov.; Austrosalomona personafrons, gen. et sp. nov.; A. zentae (Lord Howe), gen. et sp. nov.; Caedicia gracilis, sp. nov.; C. araucariae, sp. nov.; C. noctivaga, sp. nov.; C. mesochides (Lord Howe), sp. nov. Eight species of Blattodea (cockroaches) are recorded from the islands. Only three are considered native, the others have been introduced through commerce. Evidence is presented suggesting that Periplaneta americana (L.), present on Norfolk but not on Philip, has outcompeted and eliminated a native cricket on Norfolk; the cricket is present and common in similar habitats on Philip I. No new species are described.

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Garnett, Stephen T., Penny Olsen, Stuart H. M. Butchart, and Ary A. Hoffmann. "Did hybridization save the Norfolk Island boobook owl Ninox novaeseelandiae undulata?" Oryx 45, no. 4 (October 2011): 500–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605311000871.

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AbstractThe population of the Norfolk Island boobook owl Ninox novaeseelandiae undulata, a nocturnal bird restricted to the Australian territory of Norfolk Island, was reduced to a single female in 1986. Deliberate introduction of two males of its nearest relative, the New Zealand boobook N. n. novaeseelandiae, as a conservation intervention has allowed the taxon to persist on Norfolk Island, albeit in hybrid form. Although declared Extinct in 2000, a re-examination of this unique situation has concluded there is a strong argument that the taxon should be categorized as Critically Endangered because, on average, approximately half the nuclear genome of the original taxon and all the mitochondrial DNA is conserved in all living owls on the island. This thus represents a special case in which the taxon can be considered to be extant, in hybrid form, even though no pure-bred individuals survive. More generally, we suggest that, in exceptional cases, hybridization may not be a threat to highly threatened species and that guidelines are needed to determine when to consider hybrid populations as extant forms of the original taxon, and when to declare extinction through hybridization.

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Bock, IR. "The Drosophilidae (Insecta, Diptera) of Norfolk-Island." Australian Journal of Zoology 34, no. 2 (1986): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9860305.

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Eleven species of Drosophilidae in four genera (Drosophila, including three cosmopolitan species, Scaptomyza, Mycodrosophila, and Leucophenga) are recorded from Norfolk and Philip Is. Four species (two Drosophila, one Scaptomyza, one Leucophenga) are described as new.

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Dijkstra, Henk H., and Bruce A. Marshall. "Pectinoidea (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Propeamussiidae: Pectinidae) of Lord Howe Island, Norfolk Island and the Kermadec Islands." Molluscan Research 18, no. 1 (January 1997): 73–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13235818.1997.10673684.

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Nash, Joshua. "Can small islands tell large(r) stories? The microcosm of Nepean Island, Norfolk Island archipelago." Journal and proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales 148, no. 1 (June 2015): 82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/p.361731.

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Pursell, Ronald A., and Bruce Allen. "Dicnemon subpiliferum (Dicnemonaceae), new to Norfolk Island." Bryologist 112, no. 4 (December 2009): 858–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745-112.4.858.

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Nash, Joshua, and Mitchell Low. "Language and Place-knowledge on Norfolk Island." Ethnos 80, no. 3 (March 10, 2014): 385–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00141844.2014.889187.

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Wettenhall, Roger. "Norfolk Island as Region: A Pacific Puzzle." Australian Journal of Public Administration 77, no. 1 (June 6, 2017): 120–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8500.12258.

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37

Nash, Joshua. "Melanesian Mission Place Names on Norfolk Island." Journal of Pacific History 47, no. 4 (December 2012): 475–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223344.2012.740166.

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38

O’Connor, C. "Historic bridges and roads of Norfolk Island." Australian Journal of Civil Engineering 3, no. 1 (January 2007): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14488353.2007.11463923.

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39

Lange, P. J. de, and B. G. Murray. "Chromosome numbers of Norfolk Island endemic plants." Australian Journal of Botany 51, no. 2 (2003): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt02101.

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Documented chromosome numbers are reported for the first time for 11 (encompassing 11 genera and families) of the 49 endemic vascular plants from Norfolk Island. Confirmatory counts are provided for the endemic Achyranthes arborescens and Rhopalostylis baueri var. baueri. At least 11 of the taxa counted are probable polyploids, supporting the common cytological feature of oceanic island floras. In addition to these new counts, we also infer a base number of x = 5 for the recently reinstated monogeneric Pennantiaceae and query the generic placement of the two arborescent species of Achyranthes, A. arborescens and A. margaretarum.

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40

Nash, Joshua, and Peter Mühlhäusler. "Linking language and the environment: the case of Norf’k and Norfolk Island." Language Sciences 41 (January 2014): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.langsci.2013.08.004.

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41

Aldrich, Robert. "The Decolonisation of the Pacific Islands." Itinerario 24, no. 3-4 (November 2000): 173–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115300014558.

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At the end of the Second World War, the islands of Polynesia, Melanesia and Micronesia were all under foreign control. The Netherlands retained West New Guinea even while control of the rest of the Dutch East Indies slipped away, while on the other side of the South Pacific, Chile held Easter Island. Pitcairn, the Gilbert and Ellice Islands, Fiji and the Solomon Islands comprised Britain's Oceanic empire, in addition to informal overlordship of Tonga. France claimed New Caledonia, the French Establishments in Oceania (soon renamed French Polynesia) and Wallis and Futuna. The New Hebrides remained an Anglo-French condominium; Britain, Australia and New Zealand jointly administered Nauru. The United States' territories included older possessions – the Hawaiian islands, American Samoa and Guam – and the former Japanese colonies of the Northern Marianas, Mar-shall Islands and Caroline Islands administered as a United Nations trust territory. Australia controlled Papua and New Guinea (PNG), as well as islands in the Torres Strait and Norfolk Island; New Zealand had Western Samoa, the Cook Islands, Niue and Tokelau. No island group in Oceania, other than New Zealand, was independent.

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42

COLLOFF, MATTHEW J. "A new genus of oribatid mite, Spineremaeus gen. nov. and three new species of Scapheremaeus (Acari: Oribatida: Cymbaeremaeidae) from Norfolk Island,South-west Pacific, and their biogeographical affinities." Zootaxa 2828, no. 1 (April 21, 2011): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2828.1.2.

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A new genus of oribatid mite, Spineremaeus is erected and its type species, S. smithi sp. nov., is described from Norfolk Island, as well as three new species belonging to the genus Scapheremaeus. Spineremaeus is morphologically closest to the Emarginatus species-group of Scapheremaeus, found in Australia, Java and New Zealand. Scapheremaeus pinguis sp. nov. is closest morphologically to S. emarginatus from New Zealand. Scapheremaeus pacificus sp. nov. and S. tumidus sp. nov., members of the Carinatus species-group, are closest morphologically to each other and to S. insularis, also from New Zealand. Thus all four cymbaeremaeid species from Norfolk Island show strongest biogeographical affinities with the oribatid fauna of New Zealand rather than Australia.

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43

Baird, Andrew H., Susan Prior, Tom Bridge, and Peter Cowman. "First records of coral spawning on Norfolk Island." Galaxea, Journal of Coral Reef Studies 25, no. 1 (2023): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3755/galaxea.g25-2.

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44

Anderson, Atholl, and Peter White. "The Prehistoric Archaeology of Norfolk Island, Southwest Pacific." Records of the Australian Museum, Supplement 27 (November 28, 2001): 1–142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.0812-7387.27.2001.1334.

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45

Stow, C. D., and K. N. Dirks. "High-resolution studies of rainfall on Norfolk Island." Journal of Hydrology 208, no. 3-4 (July 1998): 163–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-1694(98)00154-1.

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46

Dirks, K. N., J. E. Hay, C. D. Stow, and D. Harris. "High-resolution studies of rainfall on Norfolk Island." Journal of Hydrology 208, no. 3-4 (July 1998): 187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-1694(98)00155-3.

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47

de Lange, P. J., and B. G. Murray. "A newAchyranthes(Amaranthaceae) from Phillip Island, Norfolk Island group, South Pacific Ocean." New Zealand Journal of Botany 39, no. 1 (March 2001): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0028825x.2001.9512713.

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48

Mills, Kevin. "Plant Conservation on a Remote Oceanic Island: The Case of Norfolk Island." Australasian Plant Conservation: journal of the Australian Network for Plant Conservation 17, no. 3 (February 2009): 22–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/p.373217.

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Eckhardt, Shannon, Tracy D. Ainsworth, William Leggat, and Charlotte E. Page. "Colonial Ascidian Populations at Inshore Coral Reefs of Norfolk Island, South Pacific." Diversity 16, no. 7 (June 30, 2024): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d16070384.

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Subtropical coral reefs such as the lagoonal reefs of Norfolk Island in the remote South Pacific are vastly understudied, with many benthic species unrecorded in the scientific literature. Here we report on ascidian populations from 2021 to 2023 at Norfolk Islands inshore reefs. Quantitative assessments spanning that period were conducted to assess ascidian presence, cover, and benthic interactions. We show ascidian cover remained persistently low and stable across the lagoonal reefs during the study period. We find adjacent reef site, Cemetery Bay showed variation in ascidian cover over time, where we measure a 3.2-fold increase in cover over 2 years. Ascidians were associated primarily with sand and sediment substrates at all reef locations. Recorded interactions between hard corals and ascidians were low. This study provides valuable insights into the population dynamics of ascidians within subtropical reef ecosystems. Ongoing ascidian population monitoring can provide a comprehensive understanding of ascidian dynamics whilst also providing insight of theimpact of anthropogenic stressors on benthic communities. Together, this can aid in informing management and conservation strategies for subtropical reefs.

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LIOW, LEE HSIANG, and DENNIS P. GORDON. "New species of Adeonellopsis (Bryozoa: Adeonidae) from southern Zealandia and the western Tasman Sea." Zootaxa 4895, no. 3 (December 16, 2020): 301–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4895.3.1.

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Seven new species of Adeonellopsis MacGillivray, 1886 are described: Adeonellopsis macewindui, A. gracilis (endemic to New Zealand), A. gemina (New Zealand and Norfolk Island shelf), A. tasmanensis (Norfolk Island shelf and Gascoyne Seamount), A. periculosa Norfolk Island shelf) and A. wassi and A. minor (New South Wales shelf). All have flattened staghorn branches, which range in width from 0.8 to 5 mm, depending on species. Based on underwater photos, the largest species, A. macewindui n. sp. forms locally significant habitat on fiord walls and parts of the continental shelf in New Zealand, sometimes in association with A. gemina n. sp.. The latter can survive as isolated fragments that can regenerate from broken ends. Three species have a number of large gonozooids at selected locations on their branches and two of these species have vestigial ooecia in their gonozooids, recorded for the first time in Adeonidae. The remaining four species have among their autozooids only a few zooids that are a little larger, with larger compound spiramina. These are suggested to function as gonozooids, representing the larger end of a size spectrum for reproductive zooids, of which those at the lower end are the same size as autozooids. The encrusting Australian species known as Adeonellopsis baccata (Hutton, 1878) is transferred to Reptadeonella as Reptadeonella baccata n. comb..

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Journal articles on the topic 'Norfolk Island'

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