Relevant bibliographies by topics / Norm-export

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Academic literature on the topic 'Norm-export'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 18 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Norm-export"

1

McKay, Scott, Stuart A. Higgins, and Peter Baker. "NORM inventory forecast for Australian offshore oil and gas decommissioned assets and radioactive waste disposal pathways." APPEA Journal 60, no. 1 (2020): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj19159.

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This research establishes a decommissioning timeline for the existing oil and gas facilities across all of the Australian offshore oil and gas production basins. Minimal data exist in the public domain to estimate these decommissioning timelines and, more importantly, the significant waste volumes generated; including potentially hazardous wastes such as naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM). At this time there is no approved onshore radioactive waste disposal pathway in Australia to accommodate this material. Applying an estimation methodology, based on Norwegian decommissioning data with regional activity factors, allows a NORM waste forecast to be established for the decommissioning of Australian oil and gas offshore infrastructure. The total NORM disposal burden is estimated to be in the range of 223–1674 tonnes for decommissioning activity to 2060, with over 68% of this material generated between 2018 and 2025. Due to the sparsity of public domain data this forecast is deemed to be uncertain and excludes the NORM contamination anticipated to be present in subsea export pipelines, trunklines and well production tubing. Current regulations governing the categorisation and disposal of radioactive wastes across Australia are complex and regionally dependent. This regional variation makes the implementation of a national radioactive waste disposal facility more difficult, and encourages the export of radioactive wastes overseas for final disposal. Exporting of radioactive wastes potentially presents a higher risk compared with in-country disposal and is likely not an effective long-term proposition. A comprehensive NORM data collection and quantification assessment programme, spanning all onshore and offshore oil and gas infrastructure, needs to implemented to drive and verify a NORM waste management strategy for the wave of facility decommissioning projects that are fast approaching.
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2

Badivuku - Pantina, Dr Sc Myrvete, Dr Sc Skender Ahmeti, and MSc Nexhat Shkodra. "Increase of Exports as a Potential Factor for Sustainable Economic Development of Kosovo." ILIRIA International Review 3, no. 2 (2013): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21113/iir.v3i2.114.

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Kosovo as the newest state in the region, in the economic aspect represents an economic complex with considerable potential of human, economic and demographic resources, having an open economy and entirely Euro integrated, with the central position in Balkan Peninsula. As a new state Kosovo is going through a transition phase and is found in an unsatisfactory position, therefore a serious professional intervention by the competent mechanisms is necessary towards finding an adequate solution which enables a speedier economic, social and cultural development, thus accessing into economic and political integrations in the region and in Europe. Kosovo economy during 2012 was characterised by a positive norm of growth. The real norm of economic growth in the country reached the figure of 2.9 per cent. The slowest developments in the regional and European markets during this year appeared as a challenge for the general economic activity in the country. In 2012, a decrease was marked from several important sources of financing in the country, especially the foreign direct investments. A reduction was also characterised in export of goods, but, growth of export of the services neutralised the effect of decrease of goods export. Kosovo suffers from the negative trade balance, implying that Kosovo depends on imports, whereas its opportunities to export local products into foreign market are very low. With intention of improving the competitive position of Kosovar enterprises, and for increasing export into world market, the existing economic policies need to be amended and supplemented and the institutional functioning needs to be improved as well. The aim of this study is to provide a realistic overview of the economic situation of Kosovo through an overall analysis and to also give recommendations with intention of improving the trade balance in favour of increase of Kosovar export in the future.
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3

Rodrigues, Leandro de Oliveira. "NORM export and disposal from Brazilian O&G industry - A success case." Rio Oil and Gas Expo and Conference 22, no. 2022 (2022): 48–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.48072/2525-7579.rog.2022.048.

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4

Lantis, Jeffrey S. "Nonproliferation and Norm Discourse: An Agentic Constructivist Model of U.S. Nuclear Export Policy Changes." Politics & Policy 44, no. 2 (2016): 220–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/polp.12153.

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5

Long, Feng, Corinne Rouquette-Loughlin, William M. Shafer, and Edward W. Yu. "Functional Cloning and Characterization of the Multidrug Efflux Pumps NorM from Neisseria gonorrhoeae and YdhE from Escherichia coli." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 52, no. 9 (2008): 3052–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00475-08.

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ABSTRACT Active efflux of antimicrobial agents is one of the most important adapted strategies that bacteria use to defend against antimicrobial factors that are present in their environment. The NorM protein of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and the YdhE protein of Escherichia coli have been proposed to be multidrug efflux pumps that belong to the multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) family. In order to determine their antimicrobial export capabilities, we cloned, expressed, and purified these two efflux proteins and characterized their functions both in vivo and in vitro. E. coli strains expressing norM or ydhE showed elevated (twofold or greater) resistance to several antimicrobial agents, including fluoroquinolones, ethidium bromide, rhodamine 6G, acriflavine, crystal violet, berberine, doxorubicin, novobiocin, enoxacin, and tetraphenylphosphonium chloride. When they were expressed in E. coli, both transporters reduced the levels of ethidium bromide and norfloxacin accumulation through a mechanism requiring the proton motive force, and direct measurements of efflux confirmed that NorM behaves as an Na+-dependent transporter. The capacities of NorM and YdhE to recognize structurally divergent compounds were confirmed by steady-state fluorescence polarization assays, and the results revealed that these transporters bind to antimicrobials with dissociation constants in the micromolar region.
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6

Panahov, Anar. "Main directions of the principle of international legal cooperation in the field of oil export." Law Review of Kyiv University of Law, no. 2 (August 10, 2020): 473–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.36695/2219-5521.2.2020.92.

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Goal: the need to study the principle of international legal cooperation in the field of oil export as an integral part of the principleof international economic cooperation.Methods of research: analysis and study of international legal documents and scientific works containing provisions on the principleof economic cooperation.Results: the principle of international legal cooperation in the field of oil export as an integral part of the principle of internationaleconomic cooperation has been defined. A number of international legal documents were adopted, which define the main directions ofcooperation between states in the field of energy resources use. Along with legal documents, the activities of international organizationsand various forums should be defined as the realization of this principle. Analyzing the main international documents, the activities ofrelevant international organizations, as well as scientific work in this direction, we consider that the principle of international legalcooperation in the field of oil export can become a key norm for achieving the common goals of the organization and international societyas a whole.Discussion: defining the principle of international legal cooperation in the field of oil export as an integral part of the principleof international economic cooperation.
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7

Golparian, Daniel, William M. Shafer, Makoto Ohnishi, and Magnus Unemo. "Importance of Multidrug Efflux Pumps in the Antimicrobial Resistance Property of Clinical Multidrug-Resistant Isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 58, no. 6 (2014): 3556–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00038-14.

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ABSTRACTThe contribution of drug efflux pumps in clinical isolates ofNeisseria gonorrhoeaethat express extensively drug-resistant or multidrug-resistant phenotypes has heretofore not been examined. Accordingly, we assessed the effect on antimicrobial resistance of loss of the three gonococcal efflux pumps associated with a known capacity to export antimicrobials (MtrC-MtrD-MtrE, MacA-MacB, and NorM) in such clinical isolates. We report that the MIC of several antimicrobials, including seven previously and currently recommended for treatment was significantly impacted.
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8

Herby, Peter. "1997: the year of a treaty banning anti-personnel mines?" International Review of the Red Cross 37, no. 317 (1997): 192–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020860400085120.

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Following widespread disappointment with the modest amendments made in 1996 to Protocol II relating to landmines, of the 1980 Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons (CCW), hopes have risen that 1997 may see the adoption and signing of a new international treaty prohibiting the production, export, transfer and use of anti-personnel landmines. Although such a treaty might not attract universal adherence at the outset, it would nevertheless establish a significant international legal norm and represent a major advance towards the ICRC's goal of bringing the scourge of landmines to an end.
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9

Kelly, Brian D. "The Offsetting Duty Norm and the Simultaneous Application of Countervailing and Antidumping Duties." Global Economy Journal 11, no. 2 (2011): 1850226. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1524-5861.1720.

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World Trade Organization (WTO) members have long expressed a norm concerning the trade “remedies” of countervailing (anti-subsidy) duties and antidumping duties: that these measures offset the behavior that gives rise to them, restoring trade to a “level playing field.” The WTO agreements provide that the duties imposed should be calculated accordingly, that countervailing duties are measured against subsidies and anti-dumping duties are measured against the excess of a benchmark “normal” value over export price. This paper makes two principle contributions in light of this norm. First, it develops formal models of antidumping and countervailing duty actions conforming to the offsetting duty norm. Economists have often shown little patience with the rationale for these duties, leading to a dearth of formal analysis that takes into account the social welfare function—the offsetting duty norm—incorporated in the WTO agreements; the formal models here provide that analysis. Second, the paper extends this analysis to the simultaneous prosecution of countervailing and antidumping cases. Once rare, simultaneous countervailing and antidumping duty proceedings have become perhaps the most prominent expression of trade protection permitted under WTO rules. The analysis establishes the conditions to identify any overlap in the application of countervailing and antidumping measures and demonstrates that recent practice of WTO members has created excessive application of duties. The analysis also provides the methods for preventing this double-count in simultaneous cases. These results have direct application to current policy debates.
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10

Frost, Peter. "White Skin Privilege: Modern Myth, Forgotten Past." Evolutionary Studies in Imaginative Culture 4, no. 2 (2020): 63–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.26613/esic.4.2.190.

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Abstract European women dominate images of beauty, presumably because Europe has dominated the world for the past few centuries. Yet this presumed cause poorly explains “white slavery”—the commodification of European women for export at a time when their continent was much less dominant. Actually, there has long been a cross-cultural preference for lighter-skinned women, with the notable exception of modern Western culture. This cultural norm mirrors a physical norm: skin sexually differentiates at puberty, becoming fairer in girls, and browner and ruddier in boys. Europeans are also distinguished by a palette of hair and eye colors that likewise differs between the sexes, with women more often having the brighter hues. In general, the European phenotype, especially its brightly colored features, seems to be due to a selection pressure that targeted women, apparently sexual selection. Female beauty is thus a product of social relations, but not solely those of recent times.
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