Relevant bibliographies by topics / Normal individuals

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Normal individuals'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2025
Last updated: 23 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Normal individuals"

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Spierer, Abraham, and Benjamin Shalev. "Presbyopia among normal individuals." Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology 241, no. 2 (2003): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00417-002-0606-4.

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SR, Mittal. "Heart Rate Recovery Patterns Following Treadmill Test in Normal Individuals." Open Access Journal of Cardiology 7, no. 1 (2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajc-16000174.

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Previous studies evaluating heart rate recovery following treadmill test have significant limitations. We evaluated heart rate recovery pattern in ninety five normal individuals of both genders and different age groups after strictly excluding any cardiac or systemic illness. We observed three distinct patterns of heart rate recovery. Some individuals had significant fall in heart rate during the first minute of recovery. Second group had greater reduction in heart rate during second and third minute of recovery. The third group had nearly similar fall in heart rate during first minute of recovery and during next two minute. However all individuals had a reduction of fifty beats per minute or more during initial three minutes of recovery. Subsequently reduction in heart rate was very slow. None of the individuals reached pre-exercise heart rate up to the end of seven minutes of recovery. Our observations will help better planning of future studies trying to correlate significance of heart rate recovery with diagnosis or prognosis.
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B J, Amritha, Lakshmeesh D R, and Vanitha S Shetty. "Comparative Study of Cold Spinal Spray on Respiratory Functions among Normal BMI Individuals and Obese Individuals." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 10, no. 11 (2021): 1022–27. https://doi.org/10.21275/sr211121161028.

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Rəsul, I. T., M. M. Fətəliyeva, and A. P. Məmmədova. "YÜKSƏK-NORMAL ARTERİAL TƏZYİQİ OLAN ŞƏXSLƏRDƏ ÜRƏK RİTMİNİN VARİABELLİYİ." Azerbaijan Medical Journal, no. 4 (December 25, 2024): 17–22. https://doi.org/10.34921/amj.2024.4.003.

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Məqalədə yüksək-normal arterialф təzyiqi (YNAT) olan şəxslərdə ürək ritminin variabelliyinin (ÜRV) vəziyyətini öyrənmək məqsədilə aparılmış tədqiqat işi haqqında məlumat verilmişdir. Tədqiqata yaşı 19-dan 59-a qədər olan 90 nəfər cəlb edilmişdir. Onlar 3 qrupa bölünmüşdür: əsas qrup – YNAT olanlar (n=30), müqayisə qrupu  I dərəcəli arterial hipertenziyası olanlar (n=30) və kontrol qrupu  arterial təzyiqi normal olanlar (n=30). İştirakçıların EKQ göstəriciləri təhlil edilmiş, əsas qrupda alınan nəticələr kontrol qrupda olanlarla müqayisə edilmişdir. YNAT olan şəxslərdə ÜRV-nin dövri parametrinin göstəricilərinin kontrol qrupu ilə müqaisəli təhlili zamanı YNAT olan şəxslərdə ÜRV-nin tədqiqi simpatik aktivliyin artması və tədricən vaqal tormozlaşmanın başlaması müşahidə edilmişdir. Bu isə ölümcül aritmiyalar və qəfil ürək ölümü kimi ağırlaşmaların meydana gəlməsində erkən proqnozlaşdırıcı əlamət kimi təzahür edir. В статье представлены сведения об исследованиях, проведенных по изучению состояния вариабельности сердечного ритма (ВСР) у лиц с высоким нормальным артериальным давлением (ВНАД). К исследовании были привлечены 90 человек в возрасте от 19 до 59 лет. Они были разделены на 3 группы: основная группа ‒ лица с ВНАД (n=30), группа сравнения ‒ лица с артериальной гипертензией I степени (n=30) и контрольная группа ‒ лица с нормальным артериальным давлением (n=30). Результаты ЭКГ, полученные в основной группе, сравнивались с таковыми в контрольной группе. При сравнительном анализе показателей периодического параметра ВСР у лиц с ВНАД с контрольной группой были получены результаты, связанные с повышением симпатической активности и постепенным развитием вагусного торможения. Это ранний предиктор таких осложнений, как фатальные аритмии и внезапная сердечная смерть. The article provides information on a research study conducted to examine the status of heart rate variability (HRV) in individuals with high-normal blood pressure (HNBP). The study included 90 participants aged between 19 and 59, divided into three groups: the main group – individuals with HNBP (n=30), the comparison group – individuals with grade I arterial hypertension (n=30), and the control group – individuals with normal blood pressure (n=30). Electrocardiographic (ECG) parameters of the participants were analyzed, and the results obtained in the main group were compared with those in the control group. A comparative analysis of HRV periodic parameters between individuals with HNBP and the control group revealed an increase in sympathetic activity and the gradual onset of vagal inhibition in individuals with HNBP. This phenomenon serves as an early prognostic marker for severe complications, such as fatal arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death.
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Gupta, Jyoti, Rajat Kandhari, V. Ramesh, and Avninder Singh. "Glomeruloid hemangioma in normal individuals." Indian Journal of Dermatology 58, no. 2 (2013): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0019-5154.108088.

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Powell, Danielle S., Jennifer A. Deal, and Adele M. Goman. "Reconsidering Individuals With Normal Hearing." JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery 146, no. 1 (2020): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamaoto.2019.3372.

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Gasperini, D., A. Cao, L. Paderi, et al. "Normal individuals with high Hb A2levels." British Journal of Haematology 84, no. 1 (1993): 166–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2141.1993.tb03042.x.

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SALVESEN, HARALD A. "Plasma Proteins in Normal Individuals.1." Acta Medica Scandinavica 65, no. 1 (2009): 147–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0954-6820.1926.tb12263.x.

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Lambert, M. E., K. Shipley, I. Holbrook, E. B. Faragher, and M. H. Irving. "Serum Carnitine Levels in Normal Individuals." Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 12, no. 2 (1988): 143–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0148607188012002143.

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Kehrle, Helga Moura, André Luiz Lopes Sampaio, Ronaldo Campos Granjeiro, Taciana Sarmento de Oliveira, and Carlos Augusto Costa Pires Oliveira. "Tinnitus Annoyance in Normal-Hearing Individuals." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 125, no. 3 (2015): 185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003489415606445.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Normal individuals"

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Hayes, Louise. "Why are some obese individuals metabolically normal?" Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.445545.

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Fillon, S., A. Danielle Rose, L. Rost, and Marc A. Fagelson. "Measures of Tinnitus in Normal-hearing Individuals." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2002. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1607.

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Nallaivarothayan, Hajananth. "Video based detection of normal and anomalous behaviour of individuals." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/106947/1/Hajananth_Nallaivarothayan_Thesis.pdf.

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This PhD research has proposed novel computer vision and machine learning algorithms for the problem of video based anomalous event detection of individuals. Varieties of Hidden Markov Models were designed to model the temporal and spatial causalities of crowd behaviour. A Markov Random Field on top of a Gaussian Mixture Model is proposed to incorporate spatial context information during classification. Discriminative conditional random field methods are also proposed. Novel features are proposed to extract motion and appearance information. Most of the proposed approaches comprehensively outperform other techniques on publicly available datasets during the time of publications originating from the results.
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Argent, Wayne Trevor. "EEG biofeedback for the enhancement of cognitive abilities in normal individuals /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARPS/09arpsa689.pdf.

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Lister, Adrian Mark. "Redundancy of temporal envelope information across frequency bands in normal hearing individuals." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/6816.

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Much research has focused on the role of different spectral aspects of the speech signal in speech perception. To date there had been little quantification of the temporal envelope of the speech signal for speech perception. The goal of this study was to examine the role of temporal envelope information in speech recognition by quantifying the shared temporal envelope information extracted from neighbouring high frequency 1/3-octave bands. The Envelope Difference Index (EDI) was used in the current study to calculate similarity of temporal envelope information between adjacent bands. There was significant shared information, but also novel information as well. In general, for listeners identifying nonsense words from limited temporal information, their speech recognition performance increased as the gap between two bands increased. Furthermore, the amount of shared information between 1/3 octave bands also decreased as a function of gap size. The acoustic measure of redundancy between pairs of bands did not predict intelligibility. Based on these results, models of speech intelligibility must account for this redundancy rather than assuming that bands can be analyzed and weighted individually.
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TARONNA, Angelo Pio. "RESEARCH OF SERUM ANTIBODIES ANTI-SV40 IN NORMAL INDIVIDUALS AND ONCOLOGIC PATIENTS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2389355.

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Background:Simian virus 40 (SV40) is a small DNA tumor virus found associated with specific human cancers, such as brain and bone tumors, malignant pleural mesothelioma, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. SV40 sequences were also detected, although at lower prevalence, in blood specimens from healthy donors. However, some studies failed to reveal the presence of SV40 in human samples, and its association with specific neoplasms. These conflicting results indicate the need of a specific standardized test, to be share within the scientific community, to study the SV40 infection in humans and its association with cancers. Methods: In this investigation we report on the presence in human sera of antibodies reacting against specific SV40 peptides revealed by an indirect ELISA. test. The immunologic assay was set up employing synthetic peptides corresponding to SV40 epitopes of the viral capsid proteins and the large T antigen (Tag), the SV40 oncoprotein. Sera from healthy donors and oncologic patients were tested with indirect ELISA assays. Overlapping results were obtained with this immunologic assay employing four specific peptides from early and late SV40 regions. Results: Data from immunologic assays indicate that in healthy individuals serum antibodies against SV40 are detectable since the early childhood. In healthy donors the seroprevalence increases with the age reaching the peak of 25% in subjects aged 1-10 years, it declines in subjects aged 11-17 with a prevalence of 15%, then it slightly increases to 20%, remaining stable till the age of 50 years old. In the cohort of individuals aged 51-65 year old the seroprevalence tends to decline with a prevalence 17%, while in elderly subjects aged 66-90 years the prevalence is the 23%. This result indicates that the SV40 circulation in humans is of low level compared to the prevalence of the closely related human polyomaviruses BK (80-90%) and JC (60-70%). In our investigation, serum samples from oncologic patients affected by bone and brain tumors, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and malignant pleural mesothelioma, had a high prevalence of anti-SV40 antibodies. Conclusions: In our study, the prevalence of serum samples reacting with SV40 peptides was higher in sera from oncologic patients, compared to controls. Indeed, SV40-positive sera were detected at higher prevalence in patients affected by osteosarcoma (57%), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (51%), glioblastoma (34%) and mesotheliomas (32%) than in normal subjects (18%). No statistically significant difference in prevalence was revealed in sera from patients affected by breast cancer (21%) and undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (25%), a neoplasm associated with the EBV infection, compared to samples from healthy donors. Our data further indicate the association of SV40 with specific human malignancies.
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Correani, Alessia. "Normal and abnormal attentional dwell time : constrains of temporal coding in visual attention in neurological patients and normal individuals." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1781/.

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This thesis is concerned with the analysis of constrains of temporal coding in visual selective attention. It is well known that despite the great amount of visual information present in the environment the human visual system is only capable to attend and select some of it. How the brain is able to selectively prioritize relevant information and de-prioritize the irrelevant information in order to guide us through space, has been extensively investigated (Treisman and Gelade, 1980; Posner, 1980). Less is known about how this occurs over time. In the present thesis I investigate the role of temporal limitation of selective attention in brain damaged patients and in normal participants by using a simplified version (attentional dwell time paradigm, Duncan et al., 1994), of the Attentional Blink (AB) paradigm which involves the identification of two or more visual targets when stimuli are presented rapidly in temporal succession always at one location (Broadbent and Broadbent, 1987; Raymond, Shapiro and Arnell, 1992). Within this paradigm I have manipulated different factors which may influence this limitation such as: temporal binding, perceptual similarity among stimuli, task switching, integration of audio-visual information and working memory. In addition, by examining the AB in different brain lesioned groups, this thesis attempts to throws light on the neural mechanisms underlying temporal coding and selection. Evidence was provided of the influence of all these mechanisms in coding, selecting and consolidating visual information over time which suggest a multi components nature of temporal selection as well as possible involvements of a temporo-parietal network (Corbetta and Shulman, 2002) which governs their integration.
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Shaner, Deborah Jean. "Soft tissue facial asymmetry and family resemblance in normal and syndrome-affected individuals." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ60346.pdf.

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Middleton, Katherine. "Encounters with emotion : the experience of emotions in decision-making in normal individuals." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.275973.

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McCarthy, Marie Majella. "Cross modal aspects of attention in normal individuals and those with multiple sclerosis." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338864.

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Books on the topic "Normal individuals"

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Eidson, Thomas. The effects of variability of practice on normal and mentally handicapped individuals for closed and open motor skills. Microform Publications, College of Human Development and Performance, University of Oregon, 1987.

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Tobi, S. E. The response of lymphocytes from patients with alzheimer's diseaseand from normal individuals to DNA damage induced by -radiationor alkylating agents. UMIST, 1993.

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1911-, Silverman S. Richard, Lauter Judith L, and American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, eds. Proceedings of the conference on the planning and production of speech in normal and hearing-impaired individuals: A seminar in honor of S. Richard Silverman. American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 1985.

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Conference on the Planning and Production of Speech in Normal and Hearing-Impaired Individuals (1983). Proceedings of the Conference on the Planning and Production of Speech in Normal and Hearing-Impaired Individuals: A seminar in honor of S. Richard Silverman. Edited by Silverman S. Richard 1911-, Lauter Judith L, and American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 1985.

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Volpato, Francesca. Relative Clauses, Phi Features, and Memory Skills. Edizioni Ca' Foscari, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-392-2.

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This volume deals with the syntactic competence of Italian-speaking individuals with hearing impairment (cochlear implant users and LIS signers) and individuals with normal hearing (children, adolescents, and adults), focusing on relative clauses, a central topic in current research. The volume also presents the participants’ performance in different memory tasks discussing the relationship between sentence comprehension and memory resources in children with hearing impairment and with normal hearing.
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Lundin, Norman. Norman Lundin. Stephen Haller Fine Art, 1989.

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Cheung, Yin-Wong. Individual learning in normal form games: Some laboratory results. City University of Hong Kong, Department of Economics and Finance, 1997.

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1935-, Foster Norman, and Jenkins, David, 1957 Sept. 25-, eds. Norman Foster: Works. Prestel, 2002.

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1924-, Blaser Werner, ed. Norman Foster: Sketches. Birkhäuser Verlag, 1992.

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Foster, Norman. Norman Foster: Three themes, six projects = Norman Foster : tre temi, sei progetti. Electa Spa, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Normal individuals"

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Fukuda, Kazuhiko. "Sleep paralysis and sleep-onset REM period in normal individuals." In Sleep onset: Normal and abnormal processes. American Psychological Association, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10166-010.

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Aliot, E., B. Brembilla-Perrot, K. Khalife, A. Terrier De La Chaise, M. Bianchi, and J. M. Gilgenkrantz. "Ventricular tachycardias in individuals with apparently normal heart." In Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine. Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3323-1_8.

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Dobbie, J. W., and M. J. B. Smith. "Urinary and Serum Silicon in Normal and Uraemic Individuals." In Ciba Foundation Symposium 121 - Silicon Biochemistry. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470513323.ch12.

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Matalon, Reuben, Kimberlee Michals, Debra Sullivan, Louise Wideroff, and Paul Levy. "Aspartame Consumption in Normal Individuals and Carriers for Phenylketonuria." In Dietary Phenylalanine and Brain Function. Birkhäuser Boston, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9821-3_4.

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Bruijnzeel, P. L. B., R. A. J. Warringa, and L. Koenderman. "Eosinophils from Allergic Individuals, but not Normal Individuals, Show Chemotactic Responsiveness to NAF/IL-8." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2952-1_61.

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Pérez, Gallardo L., Jimenez M. L. Blanco, Calvo H. Soria, Rovira F. Iesern, and Marcén J. F. Escanero. "Rifampicin Binding to Serum Proteins in Normal and Brucellosic Individuals." In Recent Developments in Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Clinical Toxicology. CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003418153-37.

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Graef, V., H. Schmidtmann, and K. Jarrar. "Urinary Isocitrate Excretion in Normal Individuals and in Stone Patients." In Urolithiasis and Related Clinical Research. Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7272-1_76.

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Mamboleo, George, and Stuart Rumrill. "Working with Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis During the New Normal." In Managing Human Resources. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09803-1_16.

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Eikelboom, Willem S., Dirk Bertens, and Roy P. C. Kessels. "Cognitive Rehabilitation in Normal Aging and Individuals with Subjective Cognitive Decline." In Cognitive Rehabilitation and Neuroimaging. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48382-1_3.

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Mazlan, M. H., N. A. Abu Osman, and W. A. B. Wan Abas. "Hip 3D Joint Mechanics Analysis of Normal and Obese Individuals’ Gait." In IFMBE Proceedings. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21729-6_43.

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Conference papers on the topic "Normal individuals"

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Bai, Chuanmin, Rong Huang, Juan Zhao, Glen M. Borchert, Jingshan Huang, and Bin Wu. "Differential Expression of Adipocyte Transcripts in SAT and VAT between Normal Weight and Obese/Overweight Individuals." In 2024 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm62325.2024.10822168.

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Bálint, András, Wilhelm Wimmer, Christian Rummel, Marco Caversaccio, and Stefan Weder. "Neural Correlates of Speech Comprehension in Normal Hearing Individuals and Cochlear Implant Users - An fNIRS Study in Quiet and Noisy Environments." In 2024 46th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/embc53108.2024.10781642.

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Lee, T. Y., and D. H. K. Chow. "Effects of whole body vibration on spinal proprioception in normal individuals." In 2013 35th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2013.6610668.

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Natarajan, Ajay, John H. L. Hansen, Kathryn Arehart, and Jessica A. Rossi-Katz. "Perceptual based speech enhancement for normal-hearing and hearing-impaired individuals." In 8th European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology (Eurospeech 2003). ISCA, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/eurospeech.2003-248.

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Min, B., M. E. Boulay, A. Cote, et al. "Asthma Symptom Perception in Individuals with Respiratory Symptoms and Normal Spirometry." In American Thoracic Society 2022 International Conference, May 13-18, 2022 - San Francisco, CA. American Thoracic Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2022.205.1_meetingabstracts.a2805.

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Batlle, J., M. F. López-Fernández, C. López-Berges, S. D. Berkowitz, Z. M. Ruggeri, and T. S. Zimmerman. "PROTEOLYTIC DEGRADATION OF VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR AFTER DDAVP ADMINISTRATION IN NORMAL INDIVIDUALS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644121.

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The infusion of l-Deamino-8-D-Arginine Vasopressin (DDAVP) in normal individuals is followed by an increase in factor VIII/von Willebrand factor in plasma and by the appearance of larger multimers of von Willebrand factor (vWF) than those seen in the resting state. Since the larger multimers are rapidly cleared and proteolysis is known to cause disaggregation of large multimers, we evaluated the degree of vWF proteolysis after DDAVP. DDAVP was infused into eight normal adult volunteers and the relative proportions of the intact 225 kDa subunit and the 189, 176 and 140 kDa fragments were compared before and at different times after DDAVP infusion. The relative proportion of the 176 kDa fragment was increased while that of the other species was decreased, indicating that proteolytic fragmentation had occurred. However, plasmin did not appear to be responsible because the vWF fragments characteristically produced by this enzyme could not be detected. Concomitant analysis of vWF multimeric structure showed that these changes were accompanied by an increase in the relative proportion of the satellite bands suggesting that they were ptoteolytically generated. Proteolysis may explain, at least in part, rapid clearance of larger vWF multimers released by DDAVP.
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Eisner, A. "Macular function in normal aging: Loss of flicker sensitivity in two individuals." In Noninvasive Assessment of Visual Function. Optica Publishing Group, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/navf.1985.tua5.

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Neitz, Jay, and Gerald H. Jacobs. "Systematic variations in color matching among normal humans." In OSA Annual Meeting. Optica Publishing Group, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1985.tuj6.

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There is evidence suggesting that the spectral positioning of cone photopigments varies among individuals with normal color vision. To examine this we obtained Rayleigh matches from 200 young (mean age = 20.6 yrs) color-normal individuals using large field substitution, a method which enhances color discrimination. The results reveal a discrete variation in color matches between individuals and a striking difference between males and females. The color matches made by males fall into two distributions nearly equal in size. The color matches of the females are trimodally distributed: two modes correspond to the male matches, but a majority of females match in a position intermediate to the male modes. The modal nature of the distributions indicates a stepwise variation in the spectral positioning of the cone mechanisms while the male bimodality indicates that among normals only one cone mechanism varies. The distribution of matches made by females can be accounted for by assuming that this polymorphism is X-chromosome linked. Analysis of the color matches reveals that (a) it is the long-wavelength cone mechanism that varies among normal humans and (b) the difference in λmax between the two types of long-wavelength mechanisms is ~3 nm. These results may provide insights into the mechanisms that produce inherited color vision defects.
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Neri, Lorena Aparecida Teixeira, Lorraine Evangelista Rocha, and Ana Paula Oliveira Borges. "Gait speed and self-efficacy in falls in individuals with normal pressure hydrocephalus." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.639.

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Background: Normal pressure hydrocephalus (PNH) is manifested by the triad apraxia of gait, dementia and urinary incontinence. The fear of falling and the loss of a sense of self-efficacy in body balance and mobility results in the restriction of social participation. Objective: to verify the relationship between gait speed and self-efficacy for falls in individuals with PNH. Methodology: This is an observational and cross-sectional study, carried out at the Clinical School of Physiotherapy at UNIFRAN, with CEP approval (CAAE 83164918.2.0000.5495). The convenience sample consisted of 3 individuals with PNH, with DVP, age 72.5 (± 3.6), who presented independent gait without using a walking aid device and MMSE 23.6 (± 1.2) and a history of more than 2 falls in the past year. They were assessed for the sense of self-efficacy for falls using the Falls Efficacy Scale - International (FES-I) questionnaire. The speed of normal and fast gait was calculated by the time taken to cover 10 meters. To verify the relationship between FES-I and gait speed, association and correlation tests were applied. Descriptive analysis was performed and the paired t test and the Pearson correlation test were used. Results: The FEI-S average was 31.3 ± 4.8 points. The average normal walking speed was 0.62 ± 0.24m / s and the average fast speed was 0.77 ± 0.32m / s. The participants were not able to significantly modify the gait speed (p = 0.073). There was a positive correlation between FES-I and gait speed (r = 0.68; p = 0.027). Conclusion: The low self-efficacy for falls interferes with the ability to change the gait pattern through speed. Understanding the fear of falling and walking speed can help in the mapping of cases that deserve, in addition to conventional rehabilitation, a behavioral intervention to increase the sense of self-efficacy, and thereby improve walking independence.
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Goncalves, Ivania, Tiago Jacinto, Rita Amaral, et al. "Body plethysmography abnormal parameters in 1374 individuals with normal spirometry and negative bronchodilator test." In ERS International Congress 2017 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/1393003.congress-2017.pa2493.

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Reports on the topic "Normal individuals"

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Zhu, Qiqi, Jie Deng, Chong Xu, Meixi Yao, and Yu Zhu. Effects of physical activity on visuospatial working memory in healthy individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.8.0053.

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Review question / Objective: P: Healthy individuals (including children, adolescents, adults, and seniors); I: Individuals who join various physical activities (including aerobic exercise, HIT, yoga, resistance training, Tai Chi, balance training, skill training, et al); C: Individuals who have no movement, do reading, or do same as normal activities; O: 1-Back Test, 2-Back Test, Trail Making Test-A, Trail Making Test-B, Digit Span Forward, Digit Span Backward; S: Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT). Condition being studied: Healthy individuals without any cognitive disorders.
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Frydman, Roman, and Joshua Stillwagon. Market Participants Neither Commit Predictable Errors nor Conform to REH: Evidence from Survey Data of Inflation Forecasts. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp163.

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We develop a novel characterization of participants’ forecasts with a mixture of normal variables arising from a Markov component. Using this characterization, we formulate five behavioral specifications, including four implied by the diagnostic expectations approach, as well as three implied by REH, and derive several new predictions for Coibion and Gorodnichenko.s regression of forecast errors on forecast revisions. Predictions of all eight specifications are inconsistent with the observed instability of individual CG regressions’ coefficients, based on inflation forecasts from 24 professionals. Our findings suggest how to build on key insights of the REH and behavioral approaches in specifying individuals’ forecasts.
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Goerg, Sebastian J., Oliver Himmler, and Tobias König. Norm Violations and Behavioral Spillovers: Evidence From the Lab and The Field. Department of Economics and Statistics, Linnaeus University, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.15626/ns.wp.2024.08.

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This paper explores the contagion effects of norm-violating behavior across decision situations.Through a series of laboratory and field experiments, we empirically establish the conditions under which norm-breaking behavior in one decision situation leads individuals who observe this to violatennorms in other, distinct decision situations. Our laboratory findings show that these spillover effects are more pronounced when the norms underlying the decision situations are perceived to be similar. However, spillovers can also affect decision situations governed by relatively dissimilar norms if the observers of norm violations have had the opportunity to first violate the same norm as the observed violator themselves. In an accompanying field experiment, we underscore the economic importance of norm similarity for spillover effects. When workers are exposed to information about celebrities evading taxes, they exhibit significantly higher rates of workplace theft than those in the control group, yet this exposure does not negatively affect work morale.
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Savedoff, William D., Laura Goyeneche, Luis Alberto Soler, et al. Disruption and Rebound: Healthcare and Telemedicine in Colombia during the COVID-19 Pandemic for Chronic Care Patients. Inter-American Development Bank, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004865.

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The COVID-19 pandemic led to declines in in-person consultations and substantial increases in telemedicine use in many countries. This paper investigates whether this pattern occurred in Colombia using data for people with particular health conditions prior to the pandemic (rheumatoid arthritis, hemophilia, chronic kidney disease, HIV, and cancer). The study shows that healthcare utilization by people in Colombia with these conditions dropped significantly during the first months of the pandemic relative to the average of the previous two years. However, by the end of 2020, the rate of healthcare utilization had almost reached pre-pandemic levels. While the number of services fell for people in both the contributive and subsidized scheme, the share of people who had any contacts with healthcare providers each month declined substantially for those in the subsidized scheme and by a statistically insignificant amount for those in the contributive scheme. Declines in utilization and contacts for in-person consultations were partially offset by the increased use of telemedicine services which accounted for almost one-fifth of healthcare contacts by December 2020. Of the main explanations for healthcare disruptions, the diversion of healthcare resources to treat COVID-19 patients does not seem to have been as significant as changes in social mobility and government lockdown policies. These findings have a variety of implications for public policy, including: the need to address the causes of healthcare utilization declines among individuals in the subsidized scheme; the importance of incorporating better social communication and adjustments to lockdown policies when planning for future health emergencies; the value of expanding telemedicine, not only during emergencies but also during normal times; and the potential benefits from improving the quality and availability of administrative data so that future research can contribute more effectively to policies that promote greater equity and effectiveness in Colombian healthcare services.
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Martinez, Hector, Kylie Rochford, and Diane Bergeron. Helping You, Helping Me? The Mediating Role of Organizational Citizenship Behavior in the Relationship Between Psychological Capital and Social Network Positions. Center for Creative Leadership, 2025. https://doi.org/10.35613/ccl.2025.2061.

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Over the past few decades, there has been an increasing shift from focusing on what is wrong with humans and organizations (e.g., problems, maladaptive behavior) to focusing on what is right (e.g., strengths, human and organizational flourishing). In this positive vein, we investigated the explanatory role of organizational citizenship behavior (e.g., helping others, volunteering for tasks that help the group or organization, organizing events, speaking up with ideas) in examining the relationship between psychological capital and social network positions. Psychological capital is an individual’s positive psychological state of development and is composed of four positive psychological resources: self-efficacy, optimism, hope, and resilience (Luthans & Youssef, 2004; Luthans & Youssef-Morgan, 2017). Employees with high levels of psychological capital (PsyCap) believe they have control over their own success (efficacy, hope), expect good things to happen (optimism), and rebound more easily following failure (resilience). In other words, PsyCap represents an individual’s positive evaluation of circumstances and likelihood for success based on their mindset, drive and persistence (Luthans, Avolio, Avey & Norman, 2007). Using social exchange theory, we hypothesized that higher PsyCap individuals, due to their greater citizenship behaviors (helping, speaking up), would be perceived as more attractive social exchange partners, thereby achieving greater social network centrality (i.e., having more relational connections in an organizational network). Network centrality is important because it is related to greater career success due to more access to the information, career sponsorship, and opportunities embedded within social networks. Our findings showed that those with higher PsyCap engaged in more workplace helping behaviors and more voice behaviors (i.e., speaking up, making suggestions). PsyCap was positively correlated with network centrality in the social support network (i.e., relationships based on camaraderie and affection), but not in the advice network (i.e., relationships based on information and assistance exchanges). Finally, helping (but not voice) behaviors mediated the relationship between PsyCap and network centrality across both types of social networks. See Figure 2 on page 4 for our supported empirical model. These insights suggest that fostering PsyCap can enhance an individual’s integration and influence within social support networks, with helping behavior playing a crucial explanatory role. Given the strong links between social network positions and important individual and organizational outcomes (e.g., greater access to the information, career sponsorship and opportunities embedded within social networks), understanding the factors that influence central network positions has implications for individual leaders and organizations. For leaders, higher PsyCap may result in greater network centrality because such individuals require fewer resources. For organizations, greater PsyCap may result in higher-performing teams and organizations – not only due to PsyCap but also to its positive relationship to citizenship behaviors (helping, voice), which research shows are related to greater organizational efficiency, profitability, productivity, and customer satisfaction. As such, leaders and organizations may want to invest in developing this malleable resource and assess the effectiveness of different PsyCap intervention strategies (see Table 4 for a summary). In sum, psychological capital is a source of competitive advantage – both for high PsyCap individuals as well as for the organizations employing them.
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Carpenter, T. R., N. F. Johnson, and F. D. Gilliland. Individual variation in p53 and Cip1 expression profiles in normal human fibroblast strains following exposure to high-let radiation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/381382.

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Cano Cardona, Violeta, David Alejandro Cano Márquez, and Carlos José Jaramillo. Bradiarritmias: puntos de buena práctica clínica. Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Antioquia, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59473/medudea.pc.2023.35.

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Las bradiarritmias se definen como una frecuencia cardíaca menor de 50-60 latidos por minuto y se pueden observar como un fenómeno normal en individuos atléticos jóvenes, en pacientes como parte del proceso natural del envejecimiento o como consecuencia de ciertas enfermedades.
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Cendales, Boris, Sergio Useche, Viviola Gómez, et al. Mental Health Outcomes among Urban Public Transport Workers: A Systematic Literature Review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.1.0076.

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Review question / Objective: Systematically review the literature to assess the effects of occupational exposures and interventions on Urban Public Transport (UTP) workers’ mental health. Condition being studied: In order to include a wide spectrum of outcomes, mental health was defined according to the WHO (2001) as a “state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community”.
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Alstadsæter, Annette, Martin Jacob, Wojciech Kopczuk, and Kjetil Telle. Accounting for Business Income in Measuring Top Income Shares: Integrated Accrual Approach Using Individual and Firm Data from Norway. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22888.

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Swannack, Robyn, Alys Young, and Claudine Storbeck. A scoping review of deaf sign language users’ perceptions and experiences of well-being in South Africa. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.11.0082.

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Background: This scoping review concerns deaf adult sign language users from any country (e.g. users of South African Sign Language (SASL), British Sign Language (BSL), American Sign Language (ASL) and so forth). It concerns well-being understood to include subjective well-being and following the WHO’s (2001) definition of well-being as “mental health as a state of well-being in which every individual realises his or her own potential, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully and is able to make a contribution to his or her community.” Well-being has three components (Steptoe, Deaton, and Stone, 2015; Stewart-Brown, Tennant, Tennant, Platt, Parkinson and Weich, 2009): (i) Live evaluation, also referred to life satisfaction, which concerns an individual’s evaluation of their life and their satisfaction with its quality and how good they feel about it; (ii) hedonic well-being which refers to everyday feelings or moods and focuses on affective components (feeling happy); (iii) eudaimonic well-being, which emphasises action, agency and self-actualisation (e.g. sense of control, personal growth, feelings of purpose and belonging) that includes judgments about the meaning of one’s life. Well-being is not defined as the absence of mental illness but rather as a positive state of flourishing that encompasses these three components. The review is not concerned with evidence concerning mental illness or psychiatric conditions amongst deaf signers. A specific concern is deaf sign language users’ perceptions and experiences of well-being.
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