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1
Aristizábal Gómez, Kelly Viviana. "Falencias en la protección del derecho a la salud: una mirada a la población desplazada." Justicia 18, no. 23 (January 1, 2013): 176–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17081/just.18.23.1022.
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El presente artículo de revisión tiene como fi nalidad identifi car las principales falencias en materia de protección al derecho a la salud de la población que se encuentra en situación de desplazamiento forzado, a partir de un análisis juicioso que inicia con una descripción del origen del fenómeno del desplazamiento en Colombia, continúa con la evolución normativa y jurisprudencial que ocupa al tema, precisa el alcance jurídico que se le atribuye al derecho a la salud, para fi nalmente desarrollar cada una los aspectos que más limitaciones y afectación al derecho a la salud han generado al pretender aplicar la regulación normativa existente al respecto a las personas que se encuentran en situación de desplazamiento forzado.
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Navarro-Michel, Mónica. "La aplicación de la normativa sobre accidentes de tráfico a los causados por vehículos automatizados y autónomos = Aapplication of road traffic regulations to accidents caused by automated and autonomous vehicles." CUADERNOS DE DERECHO TRANSNACIONAL 12, no. 1 (March 5, 2020): 941. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/cdt.2020.5231.
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Resumen: La industria automovilística está trabajando para incrementar la seguridad de los vehículos a través de su automatización, con la idea de llegar al vehículo complemente autónomo. La Unión Europea fomenta la adopción de infraestructuras conectadas para promocionar el despliegue de los vehículos automatizados. Este trabajo tiene por objeto revisar la legislación actualmente vigente de responsabilidad civil derivada de accidentes de tráfico, para ver cómo se aplicará cuando se vea involucrado un vehículo automatizado o autónomo. Si resulta inadecuada, será necesario introducir cambios legislativos, y presento las reformas hechas a las leyes de accidentes de circulación en Alemania y el Reino Unido, que pueden servir como modelo.Palabras clave: vehículos autónomos, vehículos automatizados, vehículos conectados, responsabilidad civil, accidentes de tráfico.Abstract: The car industry is working to increase vehicle safety through automation, aiming for the self-driving vehicle. The European Union encourages the adoption of connected infrastructures to promote automated vehicles. This paper aim to review the current civil liability legislation as it applies to traffic accidents, to see how it would be applied when an automated or autonomous vehicle is involved. If it is inadequate, it will be necessary to introduce legislative changes, and I describe the amendments made to traffic accident laws in Germany and the United Kingdom, which may be used as a model.Keywords: autonomous vehicles, automated vehicles, connected vehicles, civil liability, traffic accidents.
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Abdalla, Maria de Fátima Barbosa. "Das proposições do estágio supervisionado aos desafios da prática: a formação inicial de professores-estudantes na pedagogia do PARFOR." Olhar de Professor 15, no. 2 (February 19, 2013): 269–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5212/olharprofr.v.15.4354.
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Este texto pretende, fundamentando-se em Bourdieu (1997) e Freire (1997), examinar quais proposições e desafi os estão sendo vivenciados por professores-estudantes na Pedagogia do PARFOR, em relação ao contexto de trabalho e às práticas profissionais de início de carreira. Trata-se de uma pesquisa longitudinal, realizada em três etapas: aplicação de questionário para 43 professores; grupo focal com oito professoras; e três entrevistas semiestruturadas. A partir das proposições do estágio, a análise foi desenvolvida em duas dimensões: 1ª político-normativa: trata das formas de regulação do PARFOR e do estágio; 2ª epistemológico-metodológica: apresenta concepções do estágio, que têm na relação teoria-prática um elemento fundante. Entre os desafios da prática e as proposições do contexto de formação, os resultados indicam a necessidade de 1º no campo do estágio: integrá-lo com as demais disciplinas; articular a instituição formadora e escolas-campo; valorizar o estágio como campo de conhecimento; e assumir uma nova postura frente a ele, fortalecendo a relação teoria-prática; e 2º no contexto de trabalho: considerar que o projeto de estágio seja planejado e avaliado pela instituição formadora e escolas; desenvolver uma postura metodológica/epistemológica frente ao estágio para produzir conhecimentos; considerá-lo como projeto de formação; 3º nas práticas profi ssionais: analisar as “disposições legais” como “formas de regulação”; ressignifi car o estágio e a profissão docente; identificar os problemas-chave relativos à sala de aula, para intervir com maior conscientização; e pensar na atividade docente, tendo como pressupostos a transmissão e a co-construção de conhecimento com base no diálogo entre a teoria e a prática.
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Torres Mesías, Jaime Álvaro, Ana Sabina Barrios Estrada, and Ruth Betty Pantoja Bravo. "LOS SISTEMAS INSTITUCIONALES DE EVALUACIÓN DE LOS ESTUDIANTES (SIEE) ENTRE LA TEORÍA Y LA REALIDAD PRÁCTICA." Tendencias 15, no. 1 (August 1, 2014): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.22267/rtend.141501.59.
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El artículo hace parte de la investigación denominada “Los Sistemas Institucionales de Evaluación de los Estudiantes (SIEE) en la Instituciones Educativas Ociales de la zona andina del Departamento de Nariño 2011-2012” aprobada por el Sistema de Investigaciones de la Universidad de Nariño, mediante acuerdo No. 034 de marzo 28 de 2011, desarrollada por el Grupo de Investigación para el desarrollo de la Educación y la Pedagogía (GIDEP). En este artículo se presentan los resultados del proyecto de investigaciónmencionado que tuvo entre sus propósitos: establecer las concepciones,acuerdos y prácticas institucionales, identicar las percepciones y actitudesque maestros, padres de familia y estudiantes tienen sobre el SIEE y derivar algunos referentes teórico- prácticos para formular un plan de mejoramiento de los procesos evaluativos.La investigación se desarrolló con un enfoque de investigación cualitativade tipo evaluativa, bajo la metodología de Investigación- Acción, que sedesplegó en cinco momentos. En cuanto a los resultados se encontró quelos docentes y las instituciones educativas interpretaron la nueva normativa sobre evaluación, especícamente el Decreto 1290 de 2009 del Ministerio de Educación Nacional (MEN) por el cual se reglamenta la evaluación del aprendizaje y promoción de los estudiantes de los niveles de educación básica y media, como un mecanismo para mejorar el rendimiento académico con el retorno a la evaluación cuantitativa de resultados, lo que signicaría un retroceso de 50 años en la historia de la evaluación en Colombia.En consecuencia, la norma que expidió el Ministerio de Educación Nacional (MEN) no ha implicado un cambio conceptual, ni actitudinal, ni procedimental en las prácticas evaluativas de los docentes y obliga a pensar que éste debe ir acompañado de acciones concretas para avanzar desde los logros alcanzados en busca del mejoramiento de los procesos evaluativos.
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Villalobos, Aremis, Claudia Unikel, Maria I. Hernández-Serrato, and Ietza Bojorquez. "Evolución de las conductas alimentarias de riesgo en adolescentes mexicanos, 2006-2018." Salud Pública de México 62, no. 6, Nov-Dic (November 24, 2020): 734–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21149/11545.
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Objetivo. Analizar la evolución de la prevalencia de conductasalimentarias de riesgo (CAR) en adolescentes mexicanosentre 2006 y 2018. Material y métodos. Se utilizóinformación de las Ensanut 2006 y 2018-19. Se evaluaron lasCAR con el Cuestionario Breve de Conductas Alimentariasde Riesgo, distinguiendo entre normativas (recomendadasen la prevención de la obesidad) y no normativas (no recomendadas).Se analizó la relación entre CAR e indicadoresdel medio ambiente sociocultural en que los adolescentes sedesenvuelven (nivel socioeconómico, tamaño de la localidad).Resultados. La prevalencia de CAR normativas pasó de11.9% (IC95% 11.3-12.6) a 15.7% (IC95% 15.0-16.5) y la de lasCAR no normativas de 12.1 (IC95% 11.4-12.9) a 21.9 (IC95%21.0-22.9). Las CAR fueron más frecuentes en mujeres, enadolescentes con sobrepeso u obesidad, de nivel socioeconómicomás alto y en localidades urbanas. Conclusión.Las CAR son un problema importante en adolescentes y esnecesario implementar estrategias de prevención
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Salles Jung, João Henrique, and Nythamar De Oliveira. "Entre o cosmopolitismo e o realismo político: Habermas, Honneth e a Escola Inglesa das Relações Internacionais." ethic@ - An international Journal for Moral Philosophy 19, no. 2 (September 21, 2020): 338–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1677-2954.2020v19n2p338.
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Este artigo reformula a discussão do cosmopolitismo na teoria crítica de Habermas e Honneth, a partir da noção de “patriotismo constitucional” elaborada pelo primeiro e de uma problemática teoria do reconhecimento entre Estados no segundo, recorrendo a algumas premissas da Escola Inglesa das Relações Internacionais, com ênfase na interlocução entre pluralismo e solidariedade, a fim de se avançar no debate cosmopolita para além de uma proposta normativamente eurocêntrica e como alternativa a modelos utópicos e estatais. Partindo de uma constatação conjuntural de uma realidade política que se dirige ao cosmopolitismo, Habermas utiliza-se da questão identitária e da respectiva consciência da sociedade enquanto capaz de se autorregular como elemento sine qua non da legitimidade de uma prática política supranacional. Contudo, ao apresentar seu panorama, o filósofo de Sternberg pode ser acusado de cair em um ocidentalismo normativo. Honneth mostra-se cético quanto à ideia de estender sua teoria do reconhecimento às relações interestatais ou como algo a ser intuitivamente inferido de uma filosofia robusta do direito, como a que ele mesmo buscou reatualizar pela reconstrução normativa da teoria hegeliana do direito. Acreditamos que a Escola Inglesa pode viabilizar novos encaminhamentos em relação a uma realidade pós-nacional em que seja possível vigorar princípios como justiça global e direitos humanos, ao mesmo tempo em que são respeitadas as clivagens normativas entre povos em vias de não suprimir valorações morais e culturais distintas.
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Зеликов, V. Zelikov, Денисов, G. Denisov, Злобина, and N. Zlobina. "ON THE STUDY OF PEDESTRIAN ACCIDENT IN THE DARK." Alternative energy sources in the transport-technological complex: problems and prospects of rational use of 3, no. 1 (March 16, 2016): 228–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/17848.
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Is considered a variant of the questions for the expert examination in the appointment of car collisions on pedestrians in the dark. It is proposed that research questions the conduct of investigative experiment with car-party collision and subsequent comparison of the obtained results of the experiment with the normative parameters of the vehicle, regulated by normative documents of its operation, which will enhance the quality of examination and objective assessment of the action participants
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Sinha, Suvadip. "“Fat Woman in a Car”." Feminist Media Histories 3, no. 2 (2017): 78–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fmh.2017.3.2.78.
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“Fat lady in the theatre,” “Fat woman in car,” and “Mother of 9 children” are some of the roles attributed to Uma Devi Khatri, aka Tun Tun, in her Wikipedia filmography. Tun Tun, regularly typecast and often appearing for a few seconds without any narrative consequence, was a household name, yet her star persona has yet to garner much attention. This essay takes up this lack of attention, scholarly and archival, to speculate on a connection between Tun Tun's corporeal excess and the narrative inconsequentiality she was expected to occupy. Looking beyond her image as a superfluous comedienne, this essay investigates the narrative of Tun Tun as an ambiguous one that can be interpreted, in spite of its subversive potential, as reinforcing normative codes of ideal womanhood.
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Bityutskiy, Nikita Alexandrovich, Vladimir Viktorovich Galov, Lyudmila Valerievna Tsyganskaya, and Alexander Igorevich Bondarenko. "Modernization of eight-axle tank car for alkylbenzenesulfonic acid with extension of service life." Transport of the Urals, no. 2 (2020): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.20291/1815-9400-2020-2-41-46.
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The paper considers an issue of extending the service life of eight-axle tank cars for alkylbenzenesulfonic acid by modernization of car design. The modernization included technical diagnostics of cars with basic design, repair or replacement of car parts and equipment, calculations and tests of modernized car design. During the technical diagnostics of cars the authors carried out a statistical analysis of failures, determined a speed of corrosion of car elements in operation and predicted a residual service life. On the basis of results of technical diagnostics the authors created a finite element model of the car, formulated normative calculations and carried out necessary tests on natural samples of cars. As a result, calculations and tests confirmed the reliability of gained data, justified the service life of the modernized car design.
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Blanc, Catherine. "Recomposition familiale, usages du droit et production normative." Recherches et Prévisions 26, no. 1 (1991): 59–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/caf.1991.1516.
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Bowen, Joseph. "Beyond Normative Control: Against the Will Theory of Rights." Canadian Journal of Philosophy 50, no. 4 (January 23, 2020): 427–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/can.2019.57.
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AbstractThe Will Theory of Rights says that having control over another’s duties grounds rights. The Will Theory has commonly been objected to on the grounds that it undergenerates right-ascriptions along three fronts. This paper systematically examines a range of positions open to the Will Theory in response to these counterexamples, while being faithful to the Will Theory’s focus on normative control. It argues that of the seemingly plausible ways the defender of the Will Theory can proceed, one cannot both be faithful to the theory’s focus on normative control as the grounds of rights and achieve extensional adequacy.
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Shebeko, Yu N. "Normative regulation of fire safety of infrastructural objects of hydrogen energetics." Pozharovzryvobezopasnost/Fire and Explosion Safety 29, no. 5 (December 2, 2020): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/pvb.2020.29.05.5-12.
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Introduction. Now many countries produce measures for a transfer of their economics to an application of a hydrogen energetics. Because of a high fire hazard of hydrogen a fire safety provision of infrastructural objects of the hydrogen energetics is a very important task. The infrastructural objects of the hydrogen energetics are the facilities aimed on a production and storage of hydrogen, transportation of gaseous (GH2) and liquid (LH2) hydrogen, an application of hydrogen for an energy generation, car refueling stations etc. Scientific basis for a creation of the fire safety normative documents was laid in studies of Russian and foreign investigators.Russian normative documents. Russian normative documents in the area considered are analyzed in this work. A draft of the Technical Regulation on a safety of the facilities aimed on production, storage, transportation and application of hydrogen is the most important among them. This document contains a lot of specific requirements which should be used independently of a type of the hydrogen facility. Therefore this document can be considered as extremely “rigid” for a practical applications. A set of rules SP 162.1330610.2014 is aimed on the regulation of the safety requirements for the facilities using liquid hydrogen. The document PB 03-598-03 considers the safety requirements for a production of hydrogen by an electrolysis of water. A conclusion was made that Russian normative basis is not sufficient for a development of the hydrogen energetics.Standard NFPA 2. The standard NFPA 2 can be considered as a most important normative document containing the safety requirements for the facilities for production, storage, transportation and application of hydrogen in a gaseous and a liquid phase. This standard contains both general and specific requirements for the infrastructural objects such as car refueling stations, storages of hydrogen in the gaseous and the liquid phase and also using metal hydrides, hydrogen production facilities, energy generation objects using hydrogen, technological equipment containing hydrogen, laboratory facilities, car parks for the cars using hydrogen as a fuel etc.Conclusions. It was found that there is no comprehensive set of the normative documents regulating fire safety of infrastructural objects of hydrogen energetics. The series of the Russian normative documents in this area which should be created was proposed. A conclusion was made that the requirements of NFPA 2 can be used at a creation of the Russian normative basis of the hydrogen energetics.
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Andreeva, Ludmila, and Ivan Muzykin. "MODERN ARRANGEMENT OF PARKING SPACE ON TRANSFER HUBS FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF UTILIZATION EFFICIENCY OF URBAN AREAS." Bulletin of scientific research results, no. 1 (March 17, 2017): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.20295/2223-9987-2018-1-7-17.
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Objective: To analyze the efficiency of building multilevel automated garages on transfer nodes, to reveal problems, connected with normative-technical control of automated parking design. Methods: The comparison of fixed and variable costs on construction and maintenance of different types of multilevel parking – automated and ramp, built-in and detached, underground and located at ground level, consideration of foreign and long-term domestic experience of multilevel parking lots in transfer hubs. Results: The value of transfer hubs in the system of urban and passenger transport was discovered as well as, classification of transfer hubs was specified, from the viewpoint of urban planning, the emphasis was made on the significance of proper arrangement on the territory of transfer hubs, taking into account space economy principle and whether the transfer hub harmoniously fits into urban environment, the spheres of application of different types of car-parks were specified, the advantages of automated car-parks over the conventional flat and multilevel ramp car-parks were revealed, the analysis of costs on construction and maintenance of different multilevel car-parks was carried out, the conclusions were made on the use of automated car-parks in the conditions of transfer hubs, functional area of automated car-parks in transfer hubs was presented as well as the documents, reflecting the normativetechnical control of automated parking design, recommendations were given on implementation of automated parking construction technology in Russia. Practical importance: The obtained conclusions may be applied in the design of transfer hubs in the cities of Russia, especially in restrained urban conditions. The given normative-technical control documents will make it possible to improve automobile parking convenience. Propagation of mechanization and application of intelligence systems in parking facilities will provide considerable economic benefit.
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Baertschi, Bernard. "La place du normatif en morale." Philosophiques 28, no. 1 (October 2, 2002): 69–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/004895ar.
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On a reproché au modèle perceptuel de la connaissance morale d'être inadéquat en ce qu'il serait incapable d'expliquer le signe distinctif et fondamental de l'éthique, à savoir son caractère normatif. Je tente de montrer que la critique n'est pas pertinente, car le normatif n'a en réalité qu'une place dérivée en morale : l'éthique est d'abord une question de valeurs, entités dont il est tout à fait plausible de dire que nous les percevons. Pour justifier la place dérivée du normatif, je m'appuie sur les études de Max Scheler et sur l'examen de certains traits de la psychologie morale, qui tendent à montrer que le normatif n'est qu'un cas particulier de l'axiologique, mettant en évidence les caractères de force des valeurs, de risques de transgression et de contrainte.
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Шебеко, Юрий Николаевич. "Normative documents on fire safety of infrastructure objects of hydrogen energetic." Pozharnaia bezopasnost`, no. 4(101) (December 7, 2020): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.37657/vniipo.pb.2020.101.4.003.
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Рассмотрены российские и международные нормативные документы, отражающие специфические требования к объектам инфраструктуры водородной энергетики, к числу которых следует отнести объекты получения газообразного (GH) и сжиженного (LH) водорода, хранилища водорода (газообразного, сжиженного и в виде гидридов металлов), автозаправочные станции с использованием GH и LH в качестве моторного топлива, энергетические установки с применением водорода, предприятия по обслуживанию автомобилей на водородном моторном топливе. Выявлено, что в настоящее время в Российской Федерации отсутствуют нормативные правовые документы, определяющие специфические требования к перечисленным выше объектам водородной энергетики, а нормативные документы в указанной области весьма немногочисленны. Среди международных нормативных документов в первую очередь следует отметить стандарт NFPA 2, детально регламентирующий требования пожарной безопасности для объектов инфраструктуры водородной энергетики. Представляется целесообразной разработка российских нормативных правовых и нормативных документов в рассматриваемой области, учитывающих передовой международный опыт. Nowadays many countries produce measures for a transfer of their economics to an application of a hydrogen energetics. Because of a high fire hazard of hydrogen it is very important to ensure fire safety of infrastructure objects of the hydrogen energetics. The infrastructure objects of the hydrogen energetics are the facilities for production and storage of hydrogen, transportation of gaseous (GH) and liquid (LH) hydrogen, application of hydrogen for an energy generation, car refuelling stations etc. Fire safety normative documents are based on scientific studies of Russian and foreign investigators. Russian normative documents in the area considered are analyzed in this work. A draft of the Technical Regulation on a safety of the facilities aimed at production, storage, transportation and application of hydrogen is the most important one. This document contains a lot of specific requirements which should be used independently of a type of the hydrogen facility. Therefore this document can be considered as extremely “rigid” for a practical application. A set of rules SP 162.1330610.2014 is aimed at the regulation of the safety requirements for the facilities using liquid hydrogen. The document PB 03-598-03 considers the safety requirements for a production of hydrogen by electrolysis of water. There was concluded that Russian normative basis is not sufficient for a development of the hydrogen energetics. The standard NFPA 2 can be considered as the most important normative document containing safety requirements for the facilities for production, storage, transportation and application of hydrogen in a gaseous and a liquid phase. This standard contains both general and specific requirements for the infrastructure objects such as car refuelling stations, storages of hydrogen in the gaseous and the liquid phase and also using metal hydrides, hydrogen production facilities, energy generation objects using hydrogen, technological equipment containing hydrogen, laboratory facilities, car parks for the cars using hydrogen as a fuel etc. A conclusion was made that the requirements of NFPA 2 can be used at the creation of the Russian normative basis for hydrogen energetics.
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Levano, Brenda, Antonia Navarro Ezquerra, and Joan Ramon Rosell Amigó. "Pinturas a base de cal: revisión del mercado y acotación normativa." Ambiente Construído 18, no. 4 (October 2018): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1678-86212018000400294.
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Resumen A finales de los años 70 la sociedad comenzó a tomar conciencia de los peligros de la pintura sintética con respecto a la salud y a la contaminación ambiental, lo que le hizo volver la vista hacia productos tradicionales “saludables” y que dejan una menor huella en el medio ambiente (como las pinturas minerales, y más específicamente, las pinturas a base de cal). En este artículo se describe de forma breve la historia de este material para luego definir la diferencia entre una pintura a la cal moderna y una pintura de cal tradicional. A continuación, se repasan las normas para saber qué exigencias se le pide a este producto tradicional hoy en día. Finalmente, se analizan las fichas técnicas de pinturas a la cal que se comercializan en Europa, en donde se observa que en pocas ocasiones se aplica la clasificación estipulada por la norma EN 1062-1 (EUROPEAN..., 2004) sobre pinturas y barnices y la directiva 2004/42 CE (DIARIO..., 2004).
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Westin, Kerstin, Annika Nordlund, Johan Jansson, and Jonas Nilsson. "Goal Framing as a Tool for Changing People’s Car Travel Behavior in Sweden." Sustainability 12, no. 9 (May 2, 2020): 3695. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12093695.
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This paper reports on a study of car drivers’ assessment of a sustainability policy involving increased car parking fees in Swedish city centers. The aim of the study was to investigate how framing of information in text and pictures influences acceptance of increasing car parking fees and how values, general beliefs and norms as well as measure-specific beliefs influence the acceptability of the measure. Drawing on Goal Framing Theory, the acceptance of a parking fee policy was tested using three different goal frames (hedonic, gain and normative); the frames were compared with each other and a control message. The study was based on a survey directed to residents (18 to 75 years of age) in 51 larger municipalities in Sweden. The survey had an experimental design. Respondents were presented with a scenario of an increase in parking fees to promote environmental sustainability. The scenario was presented in three ways (manipulations), highlighting hedonic (e.g., emotional), gain, and normative aspects, respectively, in text and pictures. The results showed that the three message frames had different effects and were overall more effective than the control message in engendering the desired reduction in private car use and, thus, the intended environmental impact. Further, the degree of acceptability of the increased parking fee influenced the expected behavioral change in the groups receiving a goal framed message in relation to the parking fee measure. Implications from a sustainability perspective concern the importance of how environmental policies are framed when communicated to the public in order to increase acceptance and support.
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Selzer, Sina, and Martin Lanzendorf. "On the Road to Sustainable Urban and Transport Development in the Automobile Society? Traced Narratives of Car-Reduced Neighborhoods." Sustainability 11, no. 16 (August 13, 2019): 4375. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11164375.
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Worldwide, academics and practitioners are developing ‘planning-oriented’ approaches to reduce the negative impacts of car traffic for more sustainable urban and transport development. One such example is the design of car-reduced neighborhoods, although these are controversial issues in the hegemonic ‘system’ of automobility. Despite the reduction of emissions and frequent recognition as ‘best practice examples’, ‘planning-critical’ research questions the underlying objectives and narratives of such sustainable developments. Our study contributes to this research perspective by improving the understanding of narratives that emerge along with car-reduced housing developments. For this purpose, we analyze two car-reduced neighborhoods in the City of Darmstadt (Germany) by conducting interviews with different actors involved in the planning and implementation processes. Our investigation reveals that the development of car-reduced neighborhoods (i) is consciously embedded in the context of sustainability, (ii) is characterized by power relations, (iii) follows normative indicators, and (iv) does not always correspond to lived realities. Altogether, the traced narratives of car-reduced neighborhoods are embedded in the overarching debate on sustainability, while at the same time revealing the dependence of society on the automobile. Thus, the hegemonic ‘system’ of automobility—although it is beginning to crack—continues to exist.
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Fix, Jeremy David. "The Error Condition." Canadian Journal of Philosophy 50, no. 1 (October 29, 2019): 34–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/can.2019.14.
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AbstractThe possibility of error conditions the possibility of normative principles. I argue that extant interpretations of this condition undermine the possibility of normative principles for our action because they implicitly treat error as a perfection of an action. I then explain how a constitutivist metaphysics of capacities explains why error is an imperfection of an action. Finally, I describe and defend the interpretation of the error condition which follows.
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ROCHELEAU-HOULE, DAVID. "Le quasi-réalisme et l’argument de la coïncidence." Dialogue 57, no. 3 (August 9, 2018): 525–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0012217318000252.
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Dans cet article, je réponds à la critique de Sharon Street contre le quasi-réalisme, selon laquelle les quasi-réalistes doivent accepter qu’il existe une coïncidence inexpliquée entre les vérités normatives et nos attitudes évaluatives. Je soutiens que ce problème ne peut être appliqué au quasi-réalisme, car l’élément essentiel pour qu’il puisse s’appliquer — un engagement ontologique envers des entités normatives robustes — ne se retrouve pas dans cette théorie. C’est ce qui permet aux quasi-réalistes de défendre une conception minimaliste des vérités normatives et ainsi d’échapper à l’argument de la coïncidence.
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Gao, Jingkang, and Jinhua Zhao. "Normative and image motivations for transportation policy compliance." Urban Studies 54, no. 14 (September 13, 2016): 3318–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098016664829.
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Compliance with laws and regulations intended to protect common pool resources in the urban context is essential in tackling problems such as pollution and congestion. A high level of non-compliance necessitates investigation into motivations behind compliance. The long-held instrumental theory emphasising the dependence of compliance on tangible deterrence measures fails to adequately explain empirical findings. More recently established compliance models incorporate normative, instrumental and image factors as motivations for compliance. We investigate the importance of normative and image motivations for transportation policy compliance, and the influence of the hukou (China’s household registration) on the composition of motivations. Through a case study of Shanghai’s license auction policy to inhibit car growth, we use a structural equation model and data from a survey ( n = 1389) of policy attitudes and compliance behaviour. The results show that both locals and migrants comply because of instrumental motivation. However, for locals, normative and image motivations not only influence compliance but do so to a greater degree than instrumental motivations. This stands in stark contrast with the fact that there was no statistical relationship between normative and image motivations and compliance for migrants. The significant contribution of normative and image motivations to compliance in locals bears positive implications for compliance, but the absence of that in migrants is worrying. If only instrumental motivations matter, then the government is really constrained in how it can go about keeping social order. Compliance obtained strictly through social control indicates an unsustainable state of governance.
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Algesheimer, René, Utpal M. Dholakia, and Andreas Herrmann. "The Social Influence of Brand Community: Evidence from European Car Clubs." Journal of Marketing 69, no. 3 (July 2005): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.69.3.19.66363.
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The authors develop and estimate a conceptual model of how different aspects of customers’ relationships with the brand community influence their intentions and behaviors. The authors describe how identification with the brand community leads to positive consequences, such as greater community engagement, and negative consequences, such as normative community pressure and (ultimately) reactance. They examine the moderating effects of customers’ brand knowledge and the brand community's size and test their hypotheses by estimating a structural equation model with survey data from a sample of European car club members.
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Fisher, Jeffrey J. "Normativity in Plato’s Philebus." Canadian Journal of Philosophy 50, no. 8 (November 2020): 966–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/can.2020.49.
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AbstractThis paper extracts and articulates the account of normativity in Plato’s Philebus. Central to this account is the concept of measure, which plays both an ontological and a normative role. With regard to the former, measure is what makes particular things to be the specific kind of thing they are; with regard to the latter, measure supplies the appropriate standard for determining whether or not those things are good or bad instances of their kind. As a result of measure playing these two roles, normative evaluation is grounded in the ontological structure of the thing being evaluated.
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Zirpel, L., E. A. Lachica, and W. R. Lippe. "Deafferentation increases the intracellular calcium of cochlear nucleus neurons in the embryonic chick." Journal of Neurophysiology 74, no. 3 (September 1, 1995): 1355–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1995.74.3.1355.
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1. Ratiometric fura-2 imaging was used to measure the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) of neurons in the embryonic avian cochlear nucleus, nucleus magnocellularis (NM), after an in ovo unilateral cochlea removal (deafferentation). 2. The mean [Ca2+]i of NM neurons receiving normal input was 113 nM. 3. Deafferentation increased the mean [Ca2+]i of NM neurons to 247, 311, 339, and 314 nM at 1, 3, 6, and 12 h after cochlear removal, respectively. These values did not differ significantly. 4. The percent frequency distribution of deafferented NM neuron [Ca2+]i shifts away from normative levels toward higher [Ca2+]i at 1 and 3 h after cochlear removal, but shifts back toward normative levels at 6 and 12 h after cochlear removal. 5. This increased [Ca2+]i following cochlear removal temporally coincides with well-characterized changes in NM neurons following activity deprivation. 6. These data suggest that deregulation of [Ca2+]i homeostasis plays a key role in NM neuron degeneration and death following activity deprivation.
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Mitchell, Jonathan. "Understanding Meta-Emotions: Prospects for a Perceptualist Account." Canadian Journal of Philosophy 50, no. 4 (November 29, 2019): 505–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/can.2019.47.
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AbstractThis article clarifies the nature of meta-emotions, and it surveys the prospects of applying a version of the perceptualist model of emotions to them. It first considers central aspects of their intentionality and phenomenal character. It then applies the perceptualist model to meta-emotions, addressing issues of evaluative content and the normative dimension of meta-emotional experience. Finally, in considering challenges and objections, it assesses the perceptualist model, concluding that its application to meta-emotions is an attractive extension of the theory, insofar as it captures some distinctive features of meta-emotions—specifically their normative dimension—while locating them within the domain of occurrent affective experiences.
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Diadiun, T. V., and S. A. Mamedova. "Analysis of the car first aid kits of Ukraine and Great Britain according to the normative documents." Vìsnik farmacìï, no. 1(85) (March 11, 2016): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.24959/nphj.16.2081.
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Silva, Rubia Carla Donda da, and Sandra Eli Sartoreto de Oliveira Martins. "EXAME VESTIBULAR: providências relativas à inclusão de candidatos com deficiências." Revista de Políticas Públicas 22, no. 2 (January 7, 2019): 1047. http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2178-2865.v22n2p1047-1071.
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O desenvolvimento de políticas inclusivas e o empenho pela universalização da educação básica culminaram em intervenções voltadas para a expansão da Educação Superior. Nesse movimento, estudantes com defi ciência passaram a pleitear vagas no Ensino Superior. Sob tais circunstâncias, nos propomos a investigar as normativas que orientam os processos seletivos de três universidades públicas brasileiras, a fi m de identifi car os esclarecimentos prestados aos candidatos com deficiência quanto à inscrição, realização e correção das provas. De caráter teórico-documental, o tratamento e análise dos materiais recolhidos depreenderam das contribuições da abordagem teórica da produção desentidos, proposto por Spink. Os resultados evidenciaram restrições na oferta de atendimento especializado aos vestibulandos com defi ciência em conformidade com as recomendações e normativas educacionais vigentes.Palavras-chave: Políticas Públicas, defi ciência, vestibular, acessibilidade, ensino superior.
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Gunawan, Dheri. "PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA PENGGELAPAN TERHADAP KENDARAAN RODA EMPAT DENGAN MODUS SEWA RENTAL (STUDI PUTUSAN NO 69/PID.B/2020/PN.BBU)." IBLAM LAW REVIEW 1, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 30–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.52249/ilr.v1i2.24.
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The convenience provided by rental car owners is often abused by irresponsible tenants, car damage due to improper use, used as a means of committing crimes even to embezzlement of the car by way of selling or being pawned is a risk that can befall the car owner at any time. rental. As was the case with Effendi Bin Bunyamin, a resident of Palm Raya village, Indralaya Subdistrict, Ogan Ilir Regency, South Sumatra Province, who committed embezzlement of a four-wheeled vehicle belonging to Muhammad Sholeh using rental rental mode. The research method used in this thesis research is a normative juridical approach and an empirical approach. Data collection based on library research and field studies. Resource persons in this study include investigators, public prosecutors, and judges. The factor that caused the defendant to embezzle four-wheeled vehicles was due to economic factors. Where the defendant needed an amount of money to be used for the cost of marrying his child so that this situation forced the victim to commit the crime of embezzlement as in decision no 69 / Pid.B / 2020 / Pn.Bbu. Criminal responsibility for the defendant, namely that the defendant was secured by members of the Way Kanan resort police, was then detained during the investigation and trial process and then sentenced to prison for one year and five months as stated in decision number 69 / Pid.B / 2020 / Pn.Bbu.
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Caplan, Lee M. "State Immunity, Human Rights, and Jus Cogens: A Critique of the Normative Hierarchy Theory." American Journal of International Law 97, no. 4 (October 2003): 741–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3133679.
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When Sulaiman Al-Adsani traveled from the United Kingdom to Kuwait to repel Saddam Hussein’s invasion in 1991, he never dreamed he would depart with bruises and burns inflicted by the very government he had sought to defend. According to Al-Adsani, his troubles began when he was accused of releasing sexual videotapes of Sheikh Jaber Al-Sabah Al-Saud Al-Sabah, a relative of the emir of Kuwait, into general circulation. After the first Gulf war, with the aid of government troops, the sheikh exacted his revenge by breaking into Al-Adsani’s house, beating him, and transporting him to a Kuwaiti state prison, where his beatings continued for days. Al-Adsani was subsequently taken at gunpoint in a government car to the palace of the emir’s brother, where his ordeal intensified. According to Al-Adsani, his head was repeatedly submerged in a swimming pool filled with corpses and his body was badly burned when he was forced into a small room where the sheikh set fire to gasoline-soaked mattresses.
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Dwi Anggoro, Tito. "Implementation Enforcement Embezzlement Of Rental Vehicle Crime In Polsek Banyuurip Satker Polres Purworejo." Jurnal Daulat Hukum 1, no. 3 (September 5, 2018): 627. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/jdh.v1i3.3347.
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The purpose of this research is to know and analyze the mode of the crime of embezzlement of the car in case Number: BP / 07 / V / 2016 / Criminal in police Banyuurip-Purworejo, to know the investigation on the case, and to know and analyze the obstacles and find solution in the law enforcement process on the perpetrators of criminal fraud in the case of cars Number: B / 145 / V / 2016 / Sek BU Banyuurip Police in Purworejo. This study uses a normative Juridical approach with a specific case study of car embezzlement in Purworejo District. Data collected from case Document Number: BP / 07 / V / 2016 / Criminal then it was Analyzed by using qualitative analysis. The results Showed that the mode of cars embezzlement crime is done by doing the rental activity. That criminal act committed by private employees who rented cars. The reason in using Reviews those cars was for the company's business for two days. The investigation of the case is based on the police report number: LP / B / 09 / V / 2016 / Java / Res Pwr / Sek Bu dated May 2, 2016 about fraud and / or embezzlement. There was no search was done. In the confiscation, some evicences were taken. They were 1 cellphone, 1 BCA book saving, 1 BCA ATM, 1 transaction details at BCA saving, 1 car loan notes, US $ 10,000,000 cash, -, and BPKB guarantee letter from CIMB Niaga bank Yogyakarta.Keywords: Criminal Law Enforcement, Car Rental Embezzlement.
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Wilkening, Friedrich, and Claudia Martin. "How to speed up to be in time: Action-judgment dissociations in children and adults." Swiss Journal of Psychology 63, no. 1 (March 2004): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1421-0185.63.1.17.
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Children 6 and 10 years of age and adults were asked how fast a toy car had to be to catch up with another car, the latter moving with a constant speed throughout. The speed change was required either after half of the time (linear condition) or half of the distance (nonlinear condition), and responses were given either on a rating scale (judgment condition) or by actually producing the motion (action condition). In the linear condition, the data patterns for both judgments and actions were in accordance with the normative rule at all ages. This was not true for the nonlinear condition, where children’s and adults’ judgment and also children’s action patterns were linear, and only adults’ action patterns were in line with the nonlinearity principle. Discussing the reasons for the misconceptions and for the action-judgment dissociations, a claim is made for a new view on the development of children’s concepts of time and speed.
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PFÄFFLIN, MARGARETE, KLAUS KOBERT, and STELLA REITER-THEIL. "Evaluating Clinical Ethics Consultation: A European Perspective." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 18, no. 4 (October 2009): 406–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180109090604.
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This paper focuses on the topic of evaluation of clinical ethics consultation. The concept of evaluation seems to contain an internal tension: On the one hand, evaluation is seen (by some authors) as distorting the conceptual and normative content of the case(s) under scrutiny and, on the other, the evaluative act is the most important use of judgment and an inescapable part of everyday life (e.g., the decision to buy a certain car or eat certain food is based on our own evaluations). As such, we maintain that evaluation is essential.
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Ridwan, Alan. "ANALYSIS OF CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY OF CRIMINAL ACTIVITIES OF THE EIGHTS AND EXTENSION OF CAR (Study of Decision Number 839/Pid.B/2018/PN.Tjk Year 2018)." Progressive Law Review 1, no. 01 (November 11, 2019): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.36448/plr.v1i01.3.
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One of the crimes concerning the misuse of car vehicles is the crime of embezzling cars as the crime is rampant in Indonesia, one of which is in case Number 839/Pid.B/2018/PN.Tjk in 2018. The problem in research is why the perpetrators commit criminal acts embezzlement and imposition of cars based on Decision Number 839/Pid.B/2018/PN.Tjk and how the criminal responsibility of the perpetrators of criminal acts of embezzlement and detention of cars is based on Decision Number 839/Pid.B/2018/PN.Tjk. The research method uses a normative and empirical juridical approach, the normative juridical approach is carried out by studying legal norms or rules, legal principles, while the empirical approach is carried out by direct interviews with informants who will relate to research problems, data analysis used is qualitative analysis. The results of the study indicate that the factors causing the perpetrators to commit criminal acts of embezzlement and car detention are based on Decision Number 839/Pid.B/2018/PN.Tjk opportunity factors and economic needs factors. This factor is due to the defendant's desperate need for a certain amount of money at a fast time so that the defendant made a shortcut by making embezzlement and overcoming the car. The criminal liability of the defendant who commits a crime of manipulating and imposing a car based on Case Number 839/Pid.B/2018/PN.Tjk Year 2018 is that the sentence of imprisonment for 8 (eight) months is reduced as long as the defendant is temporarily detained. detained. Suggestions, for the Judges in carrying out the consideration prioritize a sense of justice for victims, defendants and the public. In addition, judges should carefully pay attention to matters that can alleviate or incriminate defendants other than judges who have also been given the freedom to make decisions in order to enforce law and justice so that judges do not have to depend on public prosecutors' demands in determining crimes for defendants. To the Public Prosecutor in applying the criminal or in giving a claim to the defendant must be appropriate or in accordance with the actions of the defendant because this is the judge's reference in making his decision. In addition, the Public Prosecutor should also have material legal knowledge so that there are no more errors or nonconformities in applying the crime against the accused.
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Anisah, Anisah. "PENGARUH KOMITMEN AFEKTIF, NORMATIF DAN KONTINUAN TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT. SUMMIT OTO FINANCE, Tbk CAB. JAMBI." J-MAS (Jurnal Manajemen dan Sains) 1, no. 1 (November 8, 2016): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jmas.v1i1.3.
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This researchaims to look at the influenceoforganizational commitment, are affective, continuance and normative commitment on employeesperformanceatPT.Summit Oto Finance,Tbk Branch Jambi. ResearchBranchuses the census method, the sample in this study is all employees. The data in this studyusing qualitative data by spreading the questionnairecoveredalternativeanswer has been provided to the respondent, and the method usingLikertSummatedRating with agivenscore.After the data iscollectedthenanalyzedto answer theproblemformulationand testhypothesesposedwith a descriptivemethodandverifikatifmethodwith multiple linearregression. The results of this researchshow thatthe affective, continuance and normative commitment quotient has significan influence to employee performance at PT. Summit Oto Finance, Tbk Branch Jambi Keywords: affective, normative and continuance commitment, performance
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Marrero, Gustavo A., Jesús Rodríguez-López, and Rosa Marina González. "Car usage, $${\text {CO}}_{2}$$ emissions and fuel taxes in Europe." SERIEs 11, no. 2 (November 12, 2019): 203–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13209-019-00210-3.
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Abstract The number of diesel cars in Europe has grown significantly over the last three decades, a process usually known as dieselization, and they now account for nearly 40% of the cars on the road. We build on a dynamic general equilibrium model that makes a distinction between diesel motor and gasoline motor vehicles and calibrate it for main European countries. Firstly, we find that the dieselization can be explained by a change in consumer preferences paired with the productivity gains from the specialization of the European automotive industry. Secondly, the lenient tax policies in favor of diesel fuel help to explain the rebound effect in road traffic. Finally, from a normative standpoint, the model suggests that a tax discrimination based on the carbon content of each fuel (higher for diesel relative to gasoline) would actually be more effective in curbing $${\text {CO}}_{2}$$CO2 emissions rather than a tax based on fuel efficiency. Based on the existing studies, we also document that other external costs of diesel are always higher than those of gasoline, and the Pigouvian tax rates should reflect this aspect. This recommendation is radically different to the existing fuel tax design in most European countries.
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Pinto, Marcelo De Rezende, Matheus Lemos de Andrade, Georgiana Luna Batinga, and Ramon Silva Leite. "BRAND COMMUNITIES AND THEIR RELATIONSHIPS WITH ENGAGEMENT, REACTANCE AND INTENTIONS: A STUDY WITH OLD CAR CLUBS." Revista Eletrônica de Estratégia & Negócios 13, no. 3 (January 22, 2021): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.19177/reen.v13e32020168-189.
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Este trabalho relata resultados de uma pesquisa cujo objetivo foi verificar em que medida diferentes aspectos do relacionamento com os consumidores com as comunidades de marca estão relacionados às intenções e aos comportamentos. A coleta de dados foi realizada com membros de clubes de carros antigos. Os dados foram analisados por meio da técnica de Modelagem de Equações Estruturais. Verificou-se que as pressões normativas da comunidade e a identificação da comunidade acabam influenciando positivamente o engajamento e a reatância. Ademais, esses dois últimos construtos também são mostrados como preditores de intenções de lealdade, para recomendar, continuar e participar da comunidade.
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Castelnérac, Benoît. "La philosophie de Platon à l’épreuve de l’autobiographie." Études littéraires 42, no. 2 (July 24, 2012): 81–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1011522ar.
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Résumé Dans la réception critique de la philosophie de Platon, l’expérience à Syracuse est intimement liée à l’utopie de la République, car l’utopie et l’autobiographie se complètent en partageant des positions diamétralement opposées sur le narrateur, le récit et le réel. Une étude de la Lettre VII, et plus particulièrement de la narration que fait Platon de la mise à l’épreuve philosophique de Denys II, montre que l’autobiographie est une réponse adéquate à la construction spéculative qui occupe les livres centraux de la République. Ici, le récit autobiographique est l’antidote aux débordements spéculatifs de la réflexion normative en philosophie.
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Maranhão, Juliano. "La lógica de implicación normativa de von Wright y la paradoja de Chisholm." Doxa. Cuadernos de Filosofía del Derecho, no. 39 (November 24, 2016): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/doxa2016.39.05.
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En sus últimos trabajos sobre lógica deóntica von Wright reinterpreta sus teoremas y derivaciones como meros patrones de racionalidad legislativa, sin compromiso con la existencia de las normas derivadas. Esta propuesta utiliza una cuasi-semántica, sin recurso a valores de verdad, que siguiendo a Hansen (1999) llamaremos lógica de implicación normativa (LIN). En LIN von Wright rescata al sistema estándar y sugiere que las normas condicionales podrían ser representadas por una implicación material dentro del alcance del operador deóntico sin caer en conocidas paradojas, en especial la paradoja de Chisholm (obligaciones contrarias al deber). En este artículo confronto LIN con la paradoja de Chisholm, identifico algunas limitaciones frente a los requisitos de adecuación de Carmo y Jones (2002) y apunto dos dificultades (el problema de la inconsistencia racional y del Kindergarten) que desafían el uso de la implicación material. Seguido a ello, ofrezco una reconstrucción diádica de LIN que supera esas limitaciones y dificultades.
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Lemire, Colombe, Maxime Poitras, and Carmen Dionne. "Évaluation authentique en intervention précoce et importance de la complémentarité entre l’évaluation fonctionnelle et normative en psychoéducation." Revue de psychoéducation 48, no. 1 (May 29, 2019): 69–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1060007ar.
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L’intervention précoce est un ensemble de services (évaluation, adaptation/réadaptation) dispensés par une équipe de professionnels visant l’amélioration du développement des jeunes enfants (0 à 5 ans). En intervention précoce, les psychoéducateurs sont reconnus pour leur capacité à dresser un portrait de l’adaptation de l’enfant dans son quotidien. Les informations requises à cette fin sont parfois difficilement accessibles par entrevue ou par le recours à des évaluations standardisées traditionnelles. Ce portrait de l’enfant (forces et besoins) est utile pour planifier, réaliser l’intervention. Actuellement, des questions sont soulevées en psychoéducation sur l’utilisation accrue des évaluations normatives visant à cerner un problème sans que l’objectif soit de soutenir l’intervention. Or, depuis plusieurs années, en intervention précoce, les écrits scientifiques soulignent un manque de liens entre l’évaluation normative réalisée avec des tests standardisés du développement et l’intervention. En effet, les items de ces tests sont parfois des micro-habiletés peu utiles dans le quotidien de l’enfant. L’évaluation « authentique » a été développée pour répondre à cette lacune. Elle se caractérise par l’observation des habiletés nécessaires à l’autonomie de l’enfant dans son milieu de vie. Cet article est une réflexion sur la pertinence de l’évaluation authentique dans un contexte d’évaluation psychoéducative. D’abord, nous aborderons les exigences et caractéristiques de l’évaluation psychoéducative. Nous définirons l’évaluation authentique en prenant appui sur une recension des écrits. Finalement, nous discuterons de la pertinence de l’évaluation authentique en psychoéducation, notamment car elle se base sur le vécu partagé et répond aux normes des meilleures pratiques en évaluation des jeunes enfants.
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Honeycutt, Jennifer A., Kevin M. Keary III, Vanessa M. Kania, and James J. Chrobak. "Developmental Age Differentially Mediates the Calcium-Binding Protein Parvalbumin in the Rat: Evidence for a Selective Decrease in Hippocampal Parvalbumin Cell Counts." Developmental Neuroscience 38, no. 2 (2016): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000444447.
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Local circuit GABAergic neurons, including parvalbumin (PV)-containing basket cells, likely play a key role in the development, physiology, and pathology of neocortical circuits. Regionally selective and well-defined decreases in PV have been described in human postmortem schizophrenic brain tissue in both the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Animal models of schizophreniform dysfunction following acute and/or chronic ketamine treatment have also demonstrated decreases in PV expression. Conflicting reports with respect to PV immunoreactivity following acute and chronic ketamine treatments in rodents question the utility of using PV as a biological marker of pathology-related dysfunction. The current literature lacks sufficient and systematic characterization of normative PV expression in pharmacologically and behaviorally naïve rodent tissue. In order to understand developmental changes in PV and its putative role in neuropathology, we examined the baseline distribution of the number of cells expressing this protein at distinct developmental ages. The present study examined PV cell counts across the septotemporal axis of the CA1, CA3, and dentate gyrus (DG) regions of the hippocampus, as well as within the retrosplenial, somatosensory, and prefrontal cortices, in 1-, 6-, and 12-month-old naïve rats. Our findings suggest that the hippocampal PV+ cell number significantly decreases as a function of age with considerable regional (CA1, CA3, and DG) and septotemporal variation, a finding that was specific to the hippocampus. Additionally, we observed a modest increase in PV cell number within the prefrontal (anterior cingulate) cortex, which is in line with findings indicating a delayed developmental maturation of this region. The present work highlights decreases in PV+ cell counts within the hippocampus across development, and points to the need for a greater understanding of the role of PV and local circuit developmental changes, as well as consideration of their development when modeling developmentally related neuropathological disorders (e.g. schizophrenia, autism).
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Shaposhnyk, V. "THE PROBLEM OF BREAKS AUTOMATIC COUPLING." Collection of scientific works of the State University of Infrastructure and Technologies series "Transport Systems and Technologies" 1, no. 37 (June 29, 2021): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.32703/2617-9040-2021-37-3.
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The problem of breaks automatic coupling is becoming urgent for outbound transport. in the robot, a number of defects are shown, which were found in the damaged car parts. Carrying out an analysis of the equipment of the vehicle will indicate the presence of a stock of performance, and if there is a defect in the deteriorated parts of the vehicle, it will be overwhelmed by the stock. An analysis of the normative documentation and methods in the control of car breakdowns is necessary to provide information on the methods of ruinous and non-rudimentary control, so that it can be done when preparing and repairing car breakdowns. Tom found the crocodile in the first place in the world of problems and is to blame for the increase in the quality of control to the body of the vehicle. Proponent is the acoustical control, and the very thin or mirror-thin method for the control of the shank of the autozchep in the screw hole before the wedge of the traction clamp. The robots of the methods runtuyu on the change in the amplitude of the signal when passing through the discontinuity of the metal, which allows the appearance of internal defects. These methods allow the appearance of significant internal defects such as metal discontinuities, but also to reduce the speed of car breakdowns through the appearance of this type of defect. On the basis of the obvious methods for the control of internal defects, the methods are projected that are irregular and can be stagnated to all auto-breakdowns due to minor preparation of the surface for control.
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Zysset, Alain. "Refining the Structure and Revisiting the Relevant Jurisdiction of Crimes against Humanity." Canadian Journal of Law & Jurisprudence 29, no. 1 (February 2016): 245–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cjlj.2016.9.
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In this article, I test predominant normative approaches to CAH against the notion’s deployment in law. Embarking on this cross-disciplinary project is needed because those the predominant literature fail to address (or were just articulated before) the waves of cases brought before international criminal courts throughout the last decade. I start by examining how international criminal courts have specified the core elements of the definition and then assessifandhowthe predominant philosophical literature can account for it. I then argue that this legal-empirical inquiry leads to both refining the structure and revisiting the relevant jurisdiction of CAH.As far as structure is concerned, I distinguish a third but neglected element in the structure of CAH, which I identify as thepreparatory conditions of the crimes(the ‘PCs’). In relying on Joseph Raz’ concept of authority, I argue that reconstructing the PCs help to specify what it is about states that those crimes deeply pervert. While the PCs strikingly mirror the systematic and pre-emptive role of the state, those patterns are established to massively persecute, terrorize and finally odiously attack. As far as jurisdiction is concerned, I infer that the agent of CAH and the state in which those crimes occur become ‘answerable’ to the normative community of responsible states (following Anthony Duff’s accountability model). By establishing international trials, this normative community does justice not only to the victims by proving the crimes but also to the perpetrators by treating them as responsible members.
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Agustina, Hurip, Dadang Suprijatna, and Aal Lukmanul Hakim. "ANALISIS YURIDIS TINDAK PIDANA PENGGELAPAN YANG TIMBUL DARI HUBUNGAN SEWA MENYEWA MOBIL DIKAITKAN DENGAN PASAL 372 KUHP." DE RECHTSSTAAT 2, no. 2 (September 1, 2016): 201–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.30997/jhd.v2i2.675.
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Crime embezzlement car rentals are lately often devastating car rental owner. This is an issue where the meaning of a rule of law if the crime committed community can not be followed by the rule of law, such as crimes by way of evasion is one of the types of crimes against human wealth which is stated in Article 372 of the Criminal Code, which is a crime that does not exist inexhaustible, both from the bottom layer to the top layer of society can also be committing a criminal act embezzlement is a crime that originated from the existence of a trust in others, and that trust is lost because of the lack of an honesty. It is stated that the crime of embezzlement have a problem that is closely linked to attitudes, moral, mental, honesty and trust humans as individuals. The purpose of this study are as follows: 1) To determine and analyze the occurrence of the crime of embezzlement car rental. 2) To know and analyze the application of Article 372 of the Criminal Code the crime of embezzlement in the rental car. 3) To know and analyze the efforts of the police in preventing crime of embezzlement car lease. This study uses normative juridical approach that is used to make the description clear, systematic, transparent and precise about the facts / specific nature of the area and population which is then analyzed to obtain the desired facts. Criminal offense embezzlement rental car can be imprisoned if they meet the overall elements of the offenses charged by the public prosecutor and the offender accountable for his actions. If the offender does not meet one of the elements of which the accused, then it can not be convicted. The elements of criminal responsibility are: 1) committing illegal or criminal acts; 2) for the criminal should be able to be responsible; 3) to have a fault; 4) absence of an excuse. The conclusion from this study is the adoption of Article 372 of the Criminal Code in criminal offenses of embezzlement car rental where the incidence of criminal acts committed tenants for the rented goods belonging to the owner of the rental rights because of misuse or abuse of trust in which the crime of embezzlement are set in the provisions of Article 372 of the Criminal Code.
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Markova, O. M., M. V. Sobolevska, T. F. Mokrii, and D. V. Horobets. "Increasing the safery of railway passenger and freight traffic." Technical mechanics 2021, no. 2 (June 29, 2021): 78–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/itm2021.02.078.
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In 2020, the Ukrainian Government conducted an audit of the Ukrainian economy for nearly 30 years of independence and decided on the vectors of economic development aimed at European and Euro-Atlantic integration. The audit of the Ukrainian railways showed that most of the railway assets are critically worn. The audit and the vectors became a starting point for the development of the National Economic Strategy of Ukraine up to 2030, which was approved on March 3, 2021. One of the priorities of this strategy is the development of the transport sector by a succession of steps, including railway track and vehicle renewal, the introduction of high-speed passenger transport, and increasing railway traffic safety and environment safety on the Urrainian railways. The aim of this paper is to work out recommendations on increasing the safety of passenger and freight traffic in Ukraine. The paper generalizes the experience gained over the years of Ukrainian independence in the fundamental and applied transport-oriented reseach conducted at the Department of Sttistical Dynamics and Multidimensional Mechanical Systems, Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine. This experience may be useful in the implementation of the above steps on the way to the sustainable development of the Ukrainian railway transport. In the paper, emphasis is on new investigations into the passive propection of the cars of a motor car train in emergency collisions whose scenarios are specified by Ukrainian State Standard DSTU EN 15227. Based on a mathematical model of a collision of identical motor car trains, a mathematical model was developed to simulate a collision of a motor car train with a large vehicle at a crossing with account for a specified force characteristic of interaction of the leading car equipped with a passive safety system with a deformable obstacle. The model developed was used in analyzing dynamic loads on the cars of a motor car train with a passive safety system in its collision at 110 km/h with a 15 t large vehicle at a railway crossing. With consideration for the results of previous investigations into the dynamics of emergency collisions of a motor car train with an identical train and a fright car, recommendations were worked out on the passive protection of a home-made leading car in accordance with the requirements of normative documents. The proposed mathematical models and designs of energy-absorbing devices, the research results, and the practical recommendations worked out may be used in designing new motor car train vehicles for the Ukrainian railways in accordance with the DSTU EN 15227 requirements for passive protection in emergency collisions.
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Hawley, Greer, Alexandra Macmillan, Adrian Field, Rosee Hodgson, Karen Witten, Robin A. Kearns, and Christina McKerchar. "The normative influence of adults on youth access: Challenges and opportunities in the context of shifts away from car-dependence." Journal of Transport & Health 16 (March 2020): 100841. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2020.100841.
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Camps-Febrer, Blanca. "Layers of Security." Contemporary Arab Affairs 12, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 107–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/caa.2019.121007.
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Morocco’s security sector is a fundamental component of the regime of power in the country. The legitimacy and structure of the security forces has evolved over time, reflecting changing balances within the power struggle among competing elites, but also to a certain degree the international political and normative context. Controlling the meanings of “security,” as well as the coercive resources the security sector provides, has been paramount in the consolidation of the current regime. This article shows the importance of official narratives on security and their evolution over the course of Morocco’s history after its independence.
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Köhler, Sebastian. "How to Have Your Quasi-Cake and Quasi-Eat It Too." Canadian Journal of Philosophy 51, no. 3 (April 2021): 204–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/can.2021.14.
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AbstractQuasi-realism prominently figures in the expressivist research program. However, many complain that it has become increasingly unclear what exactly quasi-realism involves. This paper offers clarification. It argues that we need to distinguish two distinctive views that might be and have been pursued under the label “quasi-realism”: conciliatory expressivism and quasi-realism properly so-called. Of these, only conciliatory expressivism is a genuinely meta-ethical project, while quasi-realism is a first-order normative view. This paper demonstrates the fruitfulness of these clarifications by using them to address Terence Cuneo’s recent challenge that quasi-realist expressivists lack the resources to plausibly accommodate certain sorts of data points.
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Anderson, Joanna E., IRINA GOLDENBERG, and Jan-Michael Charles. "RESERVE FORCE: UNIQUE CONSIDERATIONS AND A COMPARISON WITH REGULAR FORCE ISSUES." CONTEMPORARY MILITARY CHALLENGES, VOLUME 2018, ISSUE 20/2 (June 15, 2018): 95–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.20.2.5.
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Povzetek Rezervna sestava kanadskih oboroženih sil (CAF) je sestavljena iz več komponent. Največja komponenta je primarna rezervna sestava (P Res), katere namen je dopolnjevanje redne sestave (Reg F) pri delovanju doma in v tujini. Vloge pripadnikov stalne in primarne rezerve sestave so zato podobne, obstajajo pa tudi pomembni samostojni vidiki. Sodelovanje v primarni rezervni komponenti lahko prinese bistveno drugačne izkušnje in izzive, povezane z zadrževanjem kadra. V tem članku primerjamo podatke iz dveh nedavnih velikih raziskav: ankete kanadskih oboroženih sil o zadrževanju kadra v stalni sestavi (CAF Reg F Retention Survey) (n = 1956) in ankete kanadskih oboroženih sil o zadrževanju kadra v rezervni sestavi (CAF Reserve Force Retention Survey) (n = 3669). Rezultati so pokazali, da je tako pri pripadnikih stalne sestave kot pri pripadnikih rezervne sestave prisoten konflikt med njihovimi vojaškimi, civilnimi in zasebnimi vlogami, čeprav na različne načine. Iz rezultatov je prav tako mogoče sklepati, da so pogoste domneve, da naj bi pripadniki stalne sestave rezerviste dojemali kot manj predane od njih, neutemeljene. Presenetljivo je, da je bila čustvena in normativna predanost rezervistov višja od predanosti pripadnikov stalne sestave, razlog njihovega odhoda pa pogosto povezan z željo po večji in ne manjši vpetosti v vojsko. Priporočila avtorjev se osredotočajo predvsem na izboljšanje ravnovesja med poklicnim in zasebnim življenjem pripadnikov ter na enakost med komponentami. Ključne besede: kanadske oborožene sile, stalna sestava, primarna rezerva, rezervna sestava, zadrževanje kadra. Abstract The Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) Reserve Force comprises several subcomponents. The largest is the Primary Reserve (P Res), whose purpose is to supplement the Regular Force (Reg F) in operations at home and abroad. As such, there is similarity in the roles of Reg F and P Res members, but also important unique aspects. Membership of a primarily part-time force may result in significantly different experiences and retention-related challenges. This article compares data from two recent large-scale surveys: the CAF Reg F Retention Survey (n = 1,956) and the CAF Reserve Force Retention Survey (n = 3,669). The results indicated that both the Reg F members and the reservists experience conflict between their military, civilian, and personal roles, albeit in different ways. They also suggest that Reg F members’ oft-cited perceptions of reservists as being less dedicated than themselves are unfounded. Surprisingly, the reservists’ affective and normative commitment was higher than the Reg F members’, and their reasons for leaving often focused on a desire to be more, rather than less, involved with the military. Recommendations focus on improving work-life balance and equity between the components. Keywords: Canadian Armed Forces, Regular Force, Primary Reserve, Reserve Force, retention
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Motakef, Mona, Julia Bringmann, and Christine Wimbauer. "Gerechtigkeitsvorstellungen im Lebenszusammenhang – eine geschlechtersoziologische Perspektivenerweiterung am Beispiel von Für- und Selbstsorgearrangements prekär Beschäftigter." GENDER – Zeitschrift für Geschlecht, Kultur und Gesellschaft 10, no. 3-2018 (September 17, 2018): 101–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3224/gender.v10i3.08.
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Fragen der Un-/Gerechtigkeit v. a. in der Erwerbssphäre sind (wieder) auf die politische Agenda gerückt. Ausgehend von der geschlechtersoziologischen Kritik an einem engen Arbeitsbegriff plädieren wir dafür, Gerechtigkeitsvorstellungen im Lebenszusammenhang zu betrachten. Wir fragen, welche Missstände aus einer Perspektive des Lebenszusammenhangs als ungerecht erfahren werden, basierend auf narrativen Interviews mit prekär Beschäftigten, die wir in einem hermeneutischen Auswertungsprozess interpretierten. Wir rekonstruieren, welche Missstände die Befragten als nicht erfüllte Gerechtigkeitsansprüche erheben und welche nur als nicht erfüllte Wünsche, wobei wir Sorgearrangements ins Zentrum stellen. Anhand dreier Fallbeispiele zeigen wir, dass nur Fürsorge normative Kraft entfalten kann, während zur Einforderung angemessener Bedingungen zur Selbstsorge meist normative Rahmen fehlen. Fürsorge ist zudem vergeschlechtlicht und aus dem Anspruch, gute Pflege zu leisten, kann selbstdestruktives Potenzial erwachsen. Gesellschaftspolitisch ist zu fragen, wie normative Rahmen für angemessene Selbstsorge und gerechte Bedingungen für selbstsorgsame Pflege von Anderen etabliert werden können.
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Paget-Brown, Alix O., Lina Ngamtrakulpanit, Alison Smith, Dorothy Bunyan, Stephanie Hom, Ashley Nguyen, and John F. Hunt. "Normative Data for pH of Exhaled Breath Condensate." Chest 129, no. 2 (February 2006): 426–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.129.2.426.
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