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Yarrison, Fritz William. "Normative Vs. Counter-Normative Identities: The Structural Identity Model." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1374252766.
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Jeffrey, Justin David Sayre-McCord Geoffrey. "Normative progeny a model of moral justification /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1120.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007.Title from electronic title page (viewed Mar. 27, 2008). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Philosophy." Discipline: Philosophy; Department/School: Philosophy.
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Gruber, Gottfried. "Multichannel management a normative model towards optimality." Frankfurt, M. Berlin Bern Bruxelles New York, NY Oxford Wien Lang, 2009. http://d-nb.info/997250909/04.
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Guerra, Crhistian Alberto Noriega. "Um modelo conceitual para ambientes inteligentes baseado em interações formais em espaços físicos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45134/tde-14012013-093558/.
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Neste trabalho apresentamos um modelo para ambientes inteligentes baseado em organizações de agentes, onde interações entre entidades são associadas a espaços físicos, pessoas carregam dispositivos e se movimentam entre diferentes espaços físicos e cada espaço físico contém definições de interações (comportamentos definidos por normas) próprias do seu contexto. São definidos três componentes deste modelo: (1) modelo conceitual, (2) linguagem de especificação e (3) ambiente de execução. A separação do modelo nestes três componentes traz como principais conseqüências: (1) a ativação de um ambiente inteligente é feita através de um mecanismo de alto nível, (2) a especificação de um ambiente inteligente é independente do domínio de aplicação e (3) as especificações podem ser executadas em mecanismos diferentes de execução.We introduce a conceptual model for smart environments based on agent organizations where interactions between entities are associated with physical spaces, people (carrying mobile devices) move between different physical spaces and these physical spaces contain definitions of interactions (behaviors defined by norms) related to each context. This model defines three components: (1) conceptual model, (2) language specification, and (3) execution environment. The separation in these three components brings as main consequences: (1) activation of a smart environment is performed through a high-level mechanism, (2) specification of a smart environment is independent of the application domain, and (3) specifications can be performed on different mechanisms of execution.
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Nardin, Luis Gustavo. "Um modelo de mecanismo adaptativo de sanções para sistemas multiagentes normativos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3141/tde-28122015-120549/.
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O crescente interesse em prover uma maior autonomia a agentes articiais, além da sua capacidade de adaptação, racionalidade limitada, heterogeneidade, e necessidade de interação e cooperação podem fazer com que Sistemas Multiagentes (MASs) apresentem comportamentos globais indesejáveis. Esse cenário pode agravar-se, em especial quando esses sistemas envolvem a participação de humanos, uma vez que esses agem de forma menos controláveis e previsíveis, por exemplo, Sistemas Sócio-Técnicos (STSs). Essas características tornam a governaça desses sistemas um aspecto essencial para sua ecácia. A abordagem normativa é considerada uma proposta promissora para o atendimento desse requisito em tais sistemas. Nesse, normas fornecem uma visão socialmente realista das interação entre agentes autônomos abstraindo os detalhes de baixo nível. Suportada pelas normas está a noção de sanção como uma reação a potencialmente qualquer violação ou cumprimento de uma expectativa. Embora as normas já tenham sido extensamente investigadas no contexto de MASs, o conceito de sanção ainda carece de uma melhor inspeção. Esse carência é suprida nesse trabalho, primeiramente, propondo uma tipologia de sanções que captura as características relevantes de STSs, segundo, um processo adaptativo de sancionamento com a descrição das funções de seus componentes e inter-relacionamentos, e terceiro, um modelo adaptativo de avaliação de sancionamento que permite aos agentes decidirem qual sanção aplicar em cada situação. Em particular, esse model de avaliação permite a seleção entre sanções formais e informais dependendo de quanto o agente pode inuenciar o grupo social do agente objeto da sanção. Esse modelo é usado na avaliação de políticas de sanção única ou múltiplas em um estudo de caso de transação de energia elétrica no contexto de uma rede elétrica inteligente. Conclui-se dos resultados obtidos que sistemas que disponibilizam políticas de sancionamento com múltiplas sanções não aumentam em todos os casos o nível de cumprimento das normas quando comparado com políticas de sancionamento com sanção única. Entretanto, políticas com multíplas sanções são menos custosas.The increasing interest on greater agents autonomy in addition to its adaptability, bounded rationality, and heterogeneity features, and the necessity of interaction and cooperation may bring Multiagent Systems (MASs) to exhibit undesirable global behaviors. It may become even worse especially when they involve human agents who are less manageable and predictable in their actions, like in Sociotechnical Systems (STSs). These characteristics renderaneffectivegovernanceanessentialaspectofthesesystems.Thenormativeapproach has been proposed as a prominent means to achieve this effectiveness, wherein norms provide a socially realistic view of interaction among autonomous parties that abstracts away low-level implementation details. Overlaid on norms is the notion of a sanction as a reaction to potentially any violation of or compliance with an expectation. Although norms have been well investigated in the context of MASs, sanctions still lack a more comprehensive inspection. We address the above-mentioned gap by proposing, rst, a typology of sanctions that reects the interplay of relevant features of STSs, second, a sanctioning enforcement process describing the functions of the diversity of components and their relationships, and third a sanctioning evaluation model that enables agents to evaluate and choose the most appropriate sanction to apply depending on a set of factors. In particular, this evaluation model enables the selection between formal or social sanctions based on how much the sanctioner can inuence the social group of the sanctioned agent. This model is used to evaluate mono-type and multi-type sanctioning policies in a Smart Grid energy trading case study. Our results show that multi-type sanctioning policies do not always increase the level of norm compliance compared to mono-type sanctioning policies, yet multi-type policies are less costly.
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Lucertini, Giulia. "Evaluating public policies : Normative models beyond cost benefit analysis." Doctoral thesis, Paris 9, 2012. http://basepub.dauphine.fr/xmlui/handle/123456789/9265.
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La thèse a été originé par l’intérêt vers les politiques publiques (PP); plus précisément par la question de l’évaluation. Les décisions publiques ont été analysées et synthétisées en 4 éléments: horizons temporels; sources d’incertitude; aspect économique; flexibilité. La recherche a été dirigés vers l’étude des instruments nécessaires à la formation, gestion, monitorage des PP. La thèse s’est concentré sur l’étude des instruments normatifs: l’Analyse Coût Bénéfice; la Théorie Décisionnelle; la Théorie des Options Réelles. Dans la première partie nous avons présente l’étude de ces instruments par rapports aux PP et aux décisions du législateur. Cette étude a montré que les instruments sont inconvenables d’aborder les aspects caractérisant les PP. Dans la deuxième partie, nous proposons un nouveau instrument”. Cet instrument peut etre considéré une évolution des arbres décisionnels vu qu’il tien compte du temps de manière concrète: pas seulement par une construction de la politique et de la décision dans le temps, mais aussi à travers l’insertion d’un taux de remise subjectifThe thesis arise from the interest in the public policies (PP), and in particular from the problem of how to evaluate them. Public decisions can be analyzed and summarized in four elements: time horizons; sources of uncertainty; economics; flexibility. The study of these has pushed the research towards the study of the tools and the mechanisms necessary for the PP creation, management and monitoring. Therefore, the thesis is focused on the study of the normative tools: the Cost Benefit Analysis; Decision Theory, and Real Options Theory. In the first part we presented these tools in relation to PP and policy-makers decision. From that it became clear the inadequacy of the existent tools in addressing the different aspects that characterize PP. Thus in the second part we propose a "new instrument". Such tool could be considered an evolution of the decision tree, because it take into account the time in practical terms: not only through a policy construction and decision-making over the time, but also through the inclusion of a subjective discount rate
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Arnold, Robert. "Ein normativ begründetes Modell für die Krankenversicherung in Deutschland /." Aachen : Shaker, 2006. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014884112&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Csinger, Andrew. "Implementing a normative theory of communication in a framework for default reasoning." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28954.
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This thesis presents a framework for inter-agent communication, represented
and partially implemented with default reasoning. I focus on the limited goal of determining the meaning for a Hearer-agent of an utterance ω by a Speaker-agent, in terms of the beliefs of the interlocutors.
This meaning is generally more than just the explicit propositional contents of ω, and more than just the Speaker's goal to convey her belief that ω.
One way of determining this meaning is to let the Hearer take stock of the implicit components of the Speaker's utterances. Among the implicit components of the meaning of ω, I show in particular how to derive certain of its presuppositions with a set of default schemata using a framework for default reasoning.
More information can be extracted from the communications channel
between interlocutors by adopting a normative model of inter-agent communication, and using this model to explain or 'make sense' of the Speaker's utterances. I construct such a model expressed in terms of a set of default principles of communication using the same framework for default reasoning.
The task of deriving the meaning of an utterance is similar to the job required of a user-interface, where the user is the Speaker-agent, and the interface itself is the Hearer-agent. The goal of a user-interface as Hearer is to make maximal use of the data moving along the communications channel between user and application.
The result is an integrated theory of normative, inter-agent communications
expressed within an ontologically and logically minimal framework.
This work demonstrates the development and application of a methodology for the use of default reasoning. The implementation of the theory is also presented, along with a discussion of its applicability
to practical user-interfacing. A view emerges of user-modelling as a component of a user-interface.Science, Faculty of
Computer Science, Department of
Graduate
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Schmitz, Tiago Luiz. "Modelo anÃmico para raciocÃnio normativo organizacional de um agente BDI." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2016. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/162840.
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Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Automação e Sistemas, Florianópolis, 2016.Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-24T17:55:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 339439.pdf: 2591225 bytes, checksum: 28846e10881c1ec7357d34d37a38f3c8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016
Em sistemas multiagentes abertos dotados de sistemas normativos é necessário que os agentes sejam capazes de deliberar sobre as normas do sistema e seus desejos pessoais. Considerando que os agentes normativos têm recursos limitados, é necessário raciocinar também sobre os recursos disponÃveis e se eles são suficientes para alcançar o objetivo implicado por uma norma. Nesta direção, o objetivo principal da tese é desenvolver uma arquitetura e um processo de raciocÃnio que juntos são capazes de deliberar sobre normas e desejos, levando em consideração os recursos finitos. Para atingir esse objetivo, o conceito de ânimo (THAYER, 1989) foi tomado como ponto de partida para propor uma arquitetura capaz de representar as informações necessárias para o agente deliberar sobre as normas e desejos. O processo de deliberação proposto mapeia essas informações em um problema de programação inteira mista e através de um solver obtém o conjunto de desejos e normas, que produz o melhor benefÃcio ao agente. Como cenário de aplicação dos conceitos estabelecidos nessa tese, foi desenvolvido o planejamento de trajetória on-line para um veÃculo aéreo não tripulado. Conferindo a este autonomia para deliberar sobre as rotas a serem percorridas. Os resultados obtidos nessa tese são: uma arquitetura de agente capaz de raciocinar sobre normas e desejos considerando recursos limitados e uma implementação da arquitetura proposta.
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Schmitz, Tiago Luiz. "Modelo anímico para raciocínio normativo organizacional de um agente BDI." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2016. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/168639.
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Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Automação e Sistemas, Florianópolis, 2016.Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-27T04:03:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 339439.pdf: 2591225 bytes, checksum: 28846e10881c1ec7357d34d37a38f3c8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016
Em sistemas multiagentes abertos dotados de sistemas normativos é necessário que os agentes sejam capazes de deliberar sobre as normas do sistema e seus desejos pessoais. Considerando que os agentes normativos têm recursos limitados, é necessário raciocinar também sobre os recursos disponíveis e se eles são suficientes para alcançar o objetivo implicado por uma norma. Nesta direção, o objetivo principal da tese é desenvolver uma arquitetura e um processo de raciocínio que juntos são capazes de deliberar sobre normas e desejos, levando em consideração os recursos finitos. Para atingir esse objetivo, o conceito de ânimo (THAYER, 1989) foi tomado como ponto de partida para propor uma arquitetura capaz de representar as informações necessárias para o agente deliberar sobre as normas e desejos. O processo de deliberação proposto mapeia essas informações em um problema de programação inteira mista e através de um solver obtém o conjunto de desejos e normas, que produz o melhor benefício ao agente. Como cenário de aplicação dos conceitos estabelecidos nessa tese, foi desenvolvido o planejamento de trajetória on-line para um veículo aéreo não tripulado. Conferindo a este autonomia para deliberar sobre as rotas a serem percorridas. Os resultados obtidos nessa tese são: uma arquitetura de agente capaz de raciocinar sobre normas e desejos considerando recursos limitados e uma implementação da arquitetura proposta.
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Fryer, Michael. "Morality and leadership in work organizations : developing a normative model." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2008. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/34363.
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Leadership is a morally ambivalent notion. While leaders of organizations may have the capacity to do a great deal of good, they can also do a great deal of harm. Furthermore, there is something intuitively disconcerting about the idea of individual leaders exerting disproportionate influence over other people. My objective in this PhD is to develop an understanding of what moral leadership might look like. I approach this question through a number of different avenues. I begin by reviewing the leadership literature to see what it has to say about morality. In particular I consider the extent to which the literature, in responding to the moral concerns mentioned above, either ameliorates or exacerbates those concerns. I then consider moral leadership and from the perspective of ethical theory. Taking a representative cross-section of different meta-ethical stances, I consider the implications that principle-based, existentialist and inter-subjectivist theory might hold for moral leadership. Lastly, I attempt to find out what some leaders have to say about morality. Using semi-structured discussions with sixteen people who hold formal leadership roles in large organizations, I identify a number of themes that characterise the way that they think about the ethical dimension of leadership. I draw out the implications of the perspectives that emerge from each of these separate avenues of enquiry, also highlighting relationships between different perspectives. I take the view that each of these perspectives offers some positive insights into what moral leadership might comprise but that each may also lead to some troubling ramifications. While a simple template for moral leadership is likely to remain elusive, sensitivity to the positive and less positive implications of these various perspectives will enable a more enlightened response to the ethical challenges presented within different leadership contexts. I conclude that an intersubjectively facilitative style will be better placed to respond to the moral challenges presented by leading in organizations than will more monological or oligarchic approaches.
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Fisseha, Yonatan Tesfaye. "Who interprets the constitution: A descriptive and normative discourse on the Ethiopian approach to constitutional review." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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This study explored the process of constitutional interpretation and constitutional review in Ethiopia and determined the role of the courts. It examined the different suggestions made by different authors and officials regarding the respective role and function of the courts and the House of Federation in interpreting the constitution and exercising the power of constitutional review. It also seeked to inquire the counter-majoritarian problem which focused on the relationship between judicial review and democracy. The thesis also inquired into the legitimacy of the Ethiopian approach to constitutional review. In this regard it seeked to determine whether the approach represents and adequate response to the counter-majoritarian problem. It also seeked to determine whether Ethiopia has adopted an institution that is well suited, competent and impartial to discharge the task of constitutional interpretation and constitutional review.
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Castillo, Nieto Héctor Teobaldo, and Quintana Franco Giovanni Castro. "Mejora del proceso de gestión normativa de una entidad financiera." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/550247.
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El presente tema comprende la optimización del proceso normativo de una entidad financiera, el cual comprende principalmente la gestión que realiza una unidad o gerencia dentro de la misma (gerencia dueña del proceso), respecto a sus propios recursos y respecto a la interacción con el resto de unidades o gerencias de la misma entidad. Se pretende llevar a cabo el mantenimiento del sistema normativo y la publicación oportuna de documentos normativos y otras publicaciones relacionadas, con lo cual se asegura el cumplimiento de políticas propias y con regulaciones del mercado financiero. El objetivo general será optimizar el proceso de gestión y atención normativa del banco, de modo que la gerencia responsable del mismo sea capaz de poder atender sin retrasos a la institución cuando entre en vigencia el cambio que conllevará al incremento de solicitudes. Los objetivos específicos son los siguientes: optimizar la labor dentro del equipo que realiza la gestión y atención normativa, determinar los niveles y/o estrategias apropiadas para el trabajo en progreso y poder bajar a menos de 4 horas el lead time o tiempo de atención para la revisión y publicación de normas. Asimismo, establecer un mecanismo visual o tablero que ayude al equipo a autogestionar su carga de trabajo y poder saber en todo momento cómo está la carga de trabajo y atención de requerimientos, y finalmente, identificar y establecer una forma de optimizar el flujo de trabajo asociado al proceso de revisión y publicaciones del sistema normativo de la institución financiera.Tesis
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Lorens, Evandro Mário. "Aspectos normativos da segurança da informação : um modelo de cadeia de regulamentação." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2007. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/2494.
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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Economia, Administração, Contabilidade e Ciência da Informação e Documentação, Departamento de Ciência da Informação e Documentação, 2007.Submitted by Priscilla Brito Oliveira (priscilla.b.oliveira@gmail.com) on 2009-12-03T23:27:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_EvandroMarioLorens.pdf: 1617944 bytes, checksum: 33103b0fd0aaf69801899e7599e294d8 (MD5)
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Apresentação de um modelo de cadeia de regulamentação de segurança da informação para os contextos organizacionais, apoiada na metodologia de metamodelagem e considerando os níveis de decisão estratégico, tático e operacional das organizações. Parte de uma definição social para a segurança da informação, utiliza-se das estruturas da arquitetura da informação, leva em conta a cultura e comunicação organizacionais e debruça-se sobre o planejamento estratégico organizacional para estabelecer os elementos da cadeia, ora empregando definições da literatura ajustadas à proposta, ora definindo propriamente os termos. Destaca as características epistemológicas, científicas e práticas dos elementos da cadeia proposta e contextualiza estes elementos nos ambientes informacionais organizacionais. Apresenta ainda os resultados de uma pesquisa de campo investigativa a respeito da segurança da informação e dos seus modelos normativos em organizações criteriosamente selecionadas. Propõe um modelo genérico de cadeia normativa e um modelo de cadeia normativa especializado para a segurança da informação. _________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
This work presents a model for the information security regulation chain. This presentation is based on the metamodelling method, considering the organizations' strategic, tactical and operational decision methods. It starts with a socially aware denition of information security, uses the structures of information architecture, takes into account organizational culture and communication. It approaches organizational strategic planning in order to establish the chain composing elements, by using de¯nitions of the literature, adjusted to this proposal, and by properly dening the terms themselves. It outlines the epistemological, scienti¯c and practical features of the proposed chain elements and contextualizes these elements within the organizations' information environments. Finally, it presents the results of a field research, investigating the information security area and its normative models within selected organizations. As a result, it proposes a generic model of normative chain, plus another especically designed model of information security normative chain.
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Arnold, Robert [Verfasser]. "Ein normativ begründetes Modell für die Krankenversicherung in Deutschland / Robert Arnold." Aachen : Shaker, 2006. http://d-nb.info/117053046X/34.
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Valiente, Ivañez Vicente. "Imputación extraordinaria. Elementos conceptuales y normativos para un modelo de responsabilidad jurídico-penal." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/650415.
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La presente investigación pretende ofrecer elementos conceptuales y normativos para demostrar el rendimiento explicativo de un modelo de imputación extraordinaria. Este modelo es aplicable a varios grupos de casos que se presentan de manera distintiva a lo largo del análisis dogmático del delito. El elemento que los distingue de otros grupos de casos y que los identifica entre sí es una específica estructura fáctica y analítica en su aparición como hechos delictivos. A partir de esta estructura, los grupos de casos bajo examen pueden ser calificados como “casos complejos”. En términos de atribución de responsabilidad jurídico-penal, la complejidad reside en que el sujeto que realiza un tipo delictivo no dispone al momento de realizarlo de las condiciones personales que permiten hacerle jurídico-penalmente responsable en virtud de la aplicación de una regla de imputación ordinaria. Esta consecuencia jurídica recibe el nombre de defecto de imputación. El reconocimiento jurídico de un defecto de imputación no impide, sin embargo, considerar al sujeto responsable de la realización del hecho delictivo en la medida en que quepa hacerle personalmente responsable, a su vez, de su propio defecto de imputación. Ante la falta de comunicación efectiva entre el sujeto y la correspondiente norma de comportamiento, cuyo seguimiento intencional es la expectativa básica de cualquier sistema normativo, esta operación de imputación extraordinaria sólo se deja legitimar en la medida en que el sujeto deje de asegurar la capacidad de seguir la norma cuando ello le era exigible. Esta expectativa de aseguramiento, que puede ser designada como secundaria, se configura como una incumbencia legitimada en un concepto de persona en derecho responsable.La present investigació pretén oferir elements conceptuals i normatius per demostrar el rendiment explicatiu d’un model d’imputació extraordinària. Aquest model és aplicable a diversos grups de casos que es presenten de manera distintiva al llarg de l’anàlisi dogmàtic del delicte. L’element que els distingeix d’altres grups de casos i que els identifica entre si és una específica estructura fàctica i analítica en la seva aparició com a eventuals fets delictius. A partir d’aquesta estructura, els grups de casos sota examen poden ser qualificats com a “casos complexos”. En termes d’atribució de responsabilitat juridicopenal, la complexitat resideix en que el subjecte que realitza un tipus delictiu no disposa al moment de realitzar-lo de les condicions personals que permeten fer-lo penalment responsable en virtut de l’aplicació d’una regla d’imputació ordinària. Aquesta conseqüència jurídica rep el nom de defecte d’imputació. El reconeixement jurídic d’un defecte d’imputació no impedeix, però, considerar al subjecte responsable de la realització del fet delictiu en la mesura que se’l pugui fer personalment responsable, al seu torn, del seu propi defecte d’imputació. Davant la falta de comunicació efectiva entre el subjecte i la corresponent norma de comportament, el seguiment intencional de la que és l’expectativa bàsica de qualsevol sistema normatiu, aquesta operació d’imputació extraordinària només es deixa legitimar en la mesura que el subjecte deixi d’assegurar la capacitat de seguir la norma quan això li era exigible. Aquesta expectativa d’assegurament, que pot ser designada com a secundària, es configura com una incumbència legitimada en un concepte de persona en dret responsable.
The present research aims to offer conceptual and normative elements to demonstrate the explanatory performance of an extraordinary imputation model. This model is applicable to several groups of cases that are presented in a distinctive way throughout the dogmatic analysis of the crime. The element that distinguishes them from other groups of cases and that identifies them among themselves is a specific factual and analytical structure in their appearance as eventual criminal acts. From this structure, the groups of cases under examination can be classified as “complex cases”. In terms of attribution of criminal responsibility, the complexity lies in the fact that the subject that performs a criminal offense does not have at the time the personal conditions that allow him to be held criminally responsible under the application of an ordinary imputation rule. This legal consequence is called the imputation defect. The legal recognition of a defect of imputation does not prevent, nevertheless, to consider the subject responsible for the criminal act insofar as it can be made personally responsible, in turn, for its own defect of imputation. Given the lack of effective communication between the subject and the corresponding norm, whose intentional follows is the basic expectation of any regulatory system, this operation of extraordinary imputation is only allowed to be legitimized insofar as the subject fails to ensure the capacity to follow the rule when it was required. This expectation of assurance, which can be designated as secondary, is configured as a concern legitimized in a concept of person in law responsible.
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Ismail, Reedwaan. "Development of a normative model for cultural tourism on the Cape Flats." Thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 2008. http://dk.cput.ac.za/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1016&context=td_cput.
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Levy, Diana Sara. "A normative model of advertising communication strategy for an entertainment service industry." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/80045.
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This thesis developed a normative model for designing advertising communications for entertainers in particular fields. Models in four major areas of advertising communication (segmentation, positioning, strategy and creative decisions) were reviewed and a model was developed that was tailored to the entertainment service industry. Based on each model, hypotheses were developed to posit relationships between easily identified and accessed restaurant characteristics (location, classification, atmosphere style and current entertainment status) and interest in hiring entertainment, entertainment form attractiveness and consumer involvement. These hypotheses postulated that there were differences, based on restaurant groupings by the characteristics, in terms of restaurant managers' interest in hiring magic, perceptions of attractiveness and involvement.
The research was conducted in two phases. The first phase was an informal pilot study that determined salient attributes and entertainment services for consideration in positioning; the second phase was the use of a personal interview survey to examine the attitudes of restaurant managers in Southwest Virginia toward entertainment in general, and magic in particular. Magic was selected as a representative entertainment form for testing of the conceptual model.
In general, the analysis provided good support for the hypothesized relationships. All hypotheses showed significant results for at least some of their component parts, the primary exception being the belief that restaurant managers differ in their attitudes by the location of their restaurants. Finally, the major findings of the research were used to discuss managerial recommendations for designing an advertising communication for magicians. Limitations and implications for future research were also discussed.Master of Science
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Tiller, Samuel Perry. "Imagining a NeoFreudian Mind Interface: A Normative Model of Medical Humanities Research." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101963.
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This thesis argues for a new theory of medical humanities practice and research, known as Mind Interface Theory. It begins with the claim that Sigmund Freud expanded medical metaphysics considerably in "A General Introduction to Psychoanalysis," and that this expansion affords the possibility of thinking of the mind as a user interface. Capitalizing on this affordance, the work then introduces mind interface theory as one possible imagining of Freud's metaphysical system, separate from his well-known theory, psychoanalysis. More specifically, it uses his discussion of dreamwork to reveal reprocessing as mind interface's mechanism of healing, before utilizing this reprocessing principle to orient the medical humanities' research, providing a theoretical framework for increased collaboration between humanists and physicians and a foundation for two distinct modes of activist scholarship: product-based and process-based.Master of Arts
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Castro, Nubya Cirqueira de. "GANHOS AMBIENTAIS E ECONÔMICOS DO SISTEMA DE COMPENSAÇÃO DE ENERGIA NA MICROGERAÇÃO EÓLICA À LUZ DO MODELO BRASEÓLICO." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2014. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/2709.
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Previous issue date: 2014-09-19This dissertation presents Braseólico Project, an enterprise consisted by a proximity Wind turbine to microgeneration in constructed urban surrounding, using the energy compensation mechanism, internationally knwon as net metering. The study launchs the hypothesis that Braseólico Project is an energy business that brings environmental and economic gains, perfectly appropriated to Brazilian wind potencial and to national regulatory framework. In this sense, deals with the concept, origin and evolution of wind energy in the world and in Brazil, and thus the tendencies of this energy source face a global pression for a more sustainable planet. Describes the brazilian energy policy s formation, the hierarchical structure of eletric system and analyzes the Normative Resolution 482-2012, legal framework that nationally established the electric energy s compensation system to distributed microgeneration and minigeneration from renewable sources. Finally, explains the innovative technology of BrasEólico wind turbine to, subsequently, studies the project s economic viability and concludes that the enterprise is highly viable.
Esta dissertação apresenta o projeto Braseólico, um empreendimento constituído de um aerogerador de proximidade para microgeração eólica no entorno urbano construído utilizando-se do sistema de compensação de energia, internacionalmente conhecido como net metering. Parte-se da hipótese de que é um negócio que traz ganhos ambientais e econômicos, perfeitamente adequado ao potencial eólico brasileiro e ao quadro regulatório nacional. Neste sentido, aborda-se o conceito, a origem e a evolução da energia eólica no mundo e no Brasil, assim como as tendências dessa modalidade energética frente à pressão global por um planeta mais sustentável. Descreve a formação da política energética brasileira, a estrutura hierárquica do sistema elétrico e analisa a Resolução Normativa 482-2012, marco legal que instaurou nacionalmente o sistema de compensação de energia elétrica para microgeração e minigeração distribuída, a partir de fontes renováveis. Por fim, explica a tecnologia inovadora do aerogerador BrasEólico para, em seguida, estudar a viabilidade econômica do projeto e concluir tratar-se de um empreendimento altamente viável.
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Oaksford, Michael Robert. "Cognition and inquiry : the pragmatics of conditional reasoning." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/6608.
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This thesis reports the results of both normative and empirical investigations into human conditional reasoning, i.e. reasoning using if ... then and related constructions. Previous empirical investigations have concentrated on experimental paradigms like Wason's Selection Task, where subjects must assess evidence relevant to the truth or falsity of a conditional rule. Popperian falsification provided the normative theory by which to assess errorful behaviour on these tasks. However, it is doubtful whether this is an appropriate normative theory from which to derive a competence model of human reasoning abilities. The relationship between normative theory and competence model need not be direct, no more than the relationship between competence model and performance needs to be. However, research in this area has imported a theory directly into individual psychology from the philosophy of science. On the apparently orthodox assumption of directness, continued adherence to this import may stand in need of re-assessment in the light of the quite radical descriptive inadequacy of falsification as a model of rational scientific inquiry. However, this model also possesses the virtue of relating the interpretation of the rule directly to the normative task strategy. Hence, this thesis has two aims: first, to retain the virtue of a direct relation between normative task strategy and interpretation while simultaneously offering a competence model which is consistent with more recent and descriptively adequate accounts of the process of scientific inquiry. In Part I, this will involve introducing a semantic theory (situation semantics) and showing that the process of inquiry implicit in this semantic theory is consistent with recent normative conceptions in the philosophy of science. The second aim is to show that the competence model derived in Part I can provide a sound rational basis for subjects' observed patterns of reasoning in conditional reasoning tasks. In Part II, chapter 5, the data obtained from the Wason Selection Task using only affirmative rules is discussed and the behaviour observed rationally reconstructed in terms of the competence model of Part I. A central concept of that model is partial interpretation (motivated by concerns of context sensitivity). Prima facie evidence for partial interpretation is provided by the observation of defective truth tables. However, in conditional reasoning experiments using negated constituents, this evidence has been interpreted differently. A subsidiary aim of Part II (which will constitute the largest section of this thesis) therefore concerns the empirical demonstration of the consistency of this data with the competence model.
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Bengtsson, Kenny, and Edin Strojil. "Sociala medier." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Handels- och IT-högskolan, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-19553.
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Utvecklingen av det nya medielandskapet påverkar företags och marknadsförares sätt att bedriva marknadsföring på Internet. Utvecklingen har lett till att konsumenten idag fått mer makt och det krävs mer av företag för att väcka uppmärksamhet. Studien handlar om att skapa en normativ modell för hur företag och marknadsförare kan utnyttja sociala medier som en del i sin marknadsföring. Vi diskuterar och reflekterar även relevant teori i förhållande till branschexperters syn på sociala medier samt dess betydelse.Det teoretiska materialet som används är delar ur Internetmarknadsföring, Gerillamarknadsföring samt relationsmarknadsföring. För att ge en tydligare bild av sociala medier och hur företag och marknadsförare kan utnyttja det presenterar vi representativa illustrationer av sociala medier.Studien bygger på en kvalitativ metod. Det insamlade materialet bygger två kvalitativa intervjuer med två branschexperter inom sociala medier, exempel på representativa och innovativa sociala medier samt företag vilka använder sociala medier som en del i sin marknadsföring. Våra slutsatser visar att företag behöver tillämpa en annan form av kommunikation för att nå konsumenten eftersom kunden tilldelats mer makt och inflytande. Sociala medier skall inte ses som en försäljningskanal, sociala medier är en konversationskanal som bygger långsiktiga relationer. För företag och marknadsförare handlar det främst om att lyssna och vara tillgängliga på Internet.
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Hadamitzky, Sebastian [Verfasser]. "Demokratische Qualität in Deutschland : Ein input-orientiertes Modell zur Beseitigung normativer Defizite / Sebastian Hadamitzky." Baden-Baden : Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1106288548/34.
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Torres, Bernal Anibal. "Critical relational model a normative and meta-theoretical analysis of family therapy theories /." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.
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Matthiesen, Agness. "Age-dependent normative values of differential luminance sensitivity in automated static perimetry of the Octopus 101-instrument." [S.l. : s.n.], 2008.
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Montes, de Oca Rivera Reynaldo. "Metodología y criterios para la elaboración de un modelo sistémico para la investigación de accidentes marítimos acorde con el cumplimiento de la normativa internacional : caso de estudio : Venezuela." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/398241.
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The main objective of this study is: To design a Systemic Model for the investigation of marine accidents which allow transforming the information gathered in the determination of the causes, circumstances, consequences, safety recommendations, in developing a comprehensive and free disclosure, publication, and access of such results, with the object that it can be learned the lesson the investigation of the incident gender. To accomplish that, it was fulfilled: 1-Determine the features: a) laws, and b) organizational structural and operation of multiple research entities in maritime accidents, global, regional, and local, cope with the demands of the international regulations IMO, and thus establish a standard and compliance options, and other functionalities beyond, improving the rule; 2- Perform the same search in the case study; 3- Contrast the standard with such case; 4- establish a mesh of all the requirements for the investigation of maritime accidents, options, as well as those other extras that enhance the regulations, and on these establish concepts that integrated into the mesh to develop the systemic model, MSI; 5- Determine other characteristics and particular needs, of the case study, so as to do viable its specific MSI. The main result is that although the case study presents a solid structure, and a high level of training for their maritime inspectors, however fails conclusively to the principles of independence, authority and autonomy mandatory for the marine accident investigation of IMO level, also do not perform the lines of dissemination, access, or publication of the lessons learned. It enters the conceptual category developed in this study, of "tacit acceptance of irresponsibility". These weaknesses can be eliminated by applying the MSI that was developed in this study (SIAIMV) in addition the strength in the existing training can be extended to the full extent of the Nautical career of seafarers.El objetivo general de esta Tesis es Diseñar un Modelo Sistémico para la Investigación de Accidentes Marítimos que transforme la información recolectada, en la determinación de las causas, circunstancias, consecuencias, recomendaciones de seguridad pertinentes, desarrollar una amplia y libre divulgación, publicación, y acceso de tales resultados, para que se pueda aprender la lección que la investigación del siniestro generó. Convirtiéndose así en un agente de cambio. Para ello: 1-Determinó las características: a) legales y b) organizativas estructurales y de funcionamiento de entes investigadores de siniestros marítimos, globales, regionales y locales, ante la normativa internacional OMI, y estableció así un estándar, opciones de cumplimiento, y otras funcionalidades mejorando la norma; 2- realizó tal búsqueda en el caso de estudio; 3- Contrastó el estándar con dicho caso; 4- estableció una Malla indicadora de todos los requerimientos para la investigación de tales accidentes, opciones, así como extras que mejoran la normativa, y sobre estos estableció conceptos integrados a la Malla y desarrolló el Modelo Sistémico, MSI; 5- Determinó otras características y necesidades del caso estudiado, para así hacer viable su MSI específico. El resultado es que aunque el caso de estudio presenta una estructura sólida, y un alto nivel de formación de sus inspectores marítimos, sin embargo incumple los principios de Independencia, Autoridad y Autonomía obligatorias para la investigación de accidentes marítimos del tenor OMI, no realiza la divulgación, acceso, ni publicación de las lecciones aprendidas. Lo que entra en la categoría conceptual desarrollada en esta Tesis, de "Aceptación Tácita de Irresponsabilidad". Debilidades estas que pueden eliminarse aplicando el MSI aquí desarrollado; y que la fortaleza existente en la formación puede ser extendida al total de la carrera de náutica.
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Orji, Felix Clarence. "The Anglican presbyter as moral leader of the local parish toward a normative model /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2003. http://www.tren.com.
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Saul, Zamani. "Developing a Community Engagement Model as a Normative Framework for Meaningful Engagement During Evictions." University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6255.
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Doctor Legum - LLDThe research problem of this study is the jurisprudential inconsistency in the application of the right in section 26(3) of the South African Constitution's Bill of Rights. The inconsistency is due to inadequate conceptualisation of the substantive requirements of meaningful engagement (ME) by the South African Constitutional Court (ConCourt). The central argument is that the development of a community engagement model based on the substantive requirements of ME will enhance the application of section 26(3). This study commences by illustrating the disempowering nature to the squatters of the apartheid evictions in South Africa. To tighten influx control, the apartheid regime introduced a battery of laws that disempowered the squatters. The apartheid-induced disempowerment of the squatters penetrated into the democratic dispensation. In the examination of the normative context of evictions post-1994, this study identifies six primary drivers for substantive involvement of the occupiers during evictions. The six primary drivers seek to address the disempowering trajectory during evictions.
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Coyle, Douglas. "The development and application of a normative framework for considering uncertainty and variability in economic evaluation." Thesis, Brunel University, 2004. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/7648.
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The focus of this thesis is in the development and application of a normative framework for handling both variability and uncertainty in making decisions using economic evaluation. The framework builds on the recent work which takes an intuitive Bayesian approach to handling uncertainty as well as adding a similar approach for the handling of variability. The technique of stratified cost effectiveness analysis is introduced as an innovative, intuitive and theoretically sound basis for consideration of variability with respect to cost effectiveness. The technique requires the identification of patient strata where there are differences between strata but individual strata are relatively homogenous. For handling uncertainty, the normative framework requires a twofold approach. First, the cost effectiveness of therapies within each patient stratum must be assessed using probabilistic analysis. Secondly, techniques for estimation of the expected value of perfect information should be applied to determine an efficient research plan for the disease of interest. For the latter, a new technique for estimating EVPI based on quadrature is described which is both accurate and allows simpler calculation of the expected value of sample information. In addition the unit normal loss integral method previously ignored as a method of estimating EVPPI is shown to be appropriate in specific circumstances. The normative framework is applied to decisions relating to the public funding of the treatment of osteoporosis in the province of Ontario. The optimal limited use criteria would be to fund treatment with alendronate for women aged 75 years and over with previous fracture and 77 years and over with no previous fracture. An efficient research plan would fund a randomised controlled trial comparing etidronate to no therapy with a sample size of 640. Certain other research studies are of lesser value. Subsequent to the analysis contained in this thesis, the province of Ontario revised there limited use criteria to be broadly in line with the conclusions of this analysis. Thus, the application of the framework to this area demonstrates both its feasibility and acceptability. The normative framework developed in this thesis provides an optimal solution for decision makers in terms of handling uncertainty and variability in economic evaluation. Further research refining methods for estimating information value and considering other forms of uncertainty within models will enhance the framework.
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Persson, Brage Hedvig, and Andreas Olofsson. "Three-Component Model (TCM) of commitment i svensk kontext : En undersökning av relationen mellan commitment gentemot organisation och närmaste chef." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för socialt arbete och psykologi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-16912.
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Syftet med studien var att undersöka relationen mellan commitment gentemot organisationen och chefs-commitment i en svensk kontext med hjälp av TCM Employee Commitment Survey. Metoden för att undersöka detta var en webbenkät som delades ut till sammanlagt 188 personer, med en svarsfrekvens på 35%. Respondenterna arbetade i tre olika organisationer inom offentlig sektor. I enkäten fick respondenterna ta ställning till påståenden rörande sin organisation och sin närmaste chef. Resultatet visade att ju lägre continuance commitment är gentemot närmaste chef, desto högre är affective commitment gentemot organisationen. Vidare visade resultatet att ju högre continuance commitment är gentemot närmaste chef, desto högre är continuance commitment gentemot organisationen. Dessutom visade resultatet att ju högre normative commitment gentemot närmaste chef är, desto högre är normative commitment gentemot organisationen. I motsats till tidigare studier fann vi ingen korrelation mellan affective commitment gentemot organisation och affective commitment gentemot närmaste chef.The main purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between organizational commitment and supervisor commitment within a Swedish context using TCM Employee Commitment Survey. Measures were done via a questionnaire distributed to a total of 188 people, with a response rate of 35%. The respondents were employees from three different organizations within the public sector. They were asked to consider different statements regarding their organization, their supervisor and work-related identity. The results showed that if continuance commitment to supervisor is low, affective organizational commitment will be high. The results also showed that when continuance commitment to supervisor was high, continuance organizational commitment was also high. When normative supervisor commitment was high, so was normative organizational commitment. In contrast to previous studies, we found no correlation between affective organizational commitment and affective commitment to supervisor.
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Norwawi, Shaharizal. "Leadership practices of high performing principals in selected Malaysian secondary schools : applying normative leadership models." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/49674/.
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Global research suggests that successful school principals are those who apply a judicious mix of instructional, distributed and transformational models of leadership. These approaches are explicitly advocated in the Malaysia Education Blueprint (MEB), the government’s main education reform document that was launched in 2013. The MEB sets out an ambitious plan for all schools to have high performing principals, and high performance is associated with these three models rather than the administrative leadership which is more common in Malaysian schools. The MEB suggests that the aspiration of placing high performing leaders in all schools can be achieved by improving and refining the selection process for new principals, and by requiring them to acquire the National Professional Qualification for Educational Leaders (NPQEL). The MEB also places a strong emphasis on instructional leadership as one of the more effective leadership approaches, which current and future principals should adopt. This thesis presents the findings from a mixed methods study designed to examine the leadership features and practices of principals deemed to be high performing, serving in selected schools in Malaysia. These principals are deemed high performing because they are recipients of two government awards, the Excellent Principals award and the New Deals award. The study examines the extent to which instructional, transformational and distributed leadership are practiced by the principals, drawing on the following data sources: interviews with three senior policymakers; documentary analysis of relevant policies and circulars and questionnaires filled in by 20 ‘high performing’ principals and their teachers. The data is further supplemented with interviews with six out the 20 high performing principals and their respective senior leadership team member and teachers. The findings suggest that principals who are deemed high performing in the selected Malaysian schools enact instructional leadership modestly compared to distributed leadership and transformational leadership. A tentative framework of core leadership practices enacted by principals who are deemed high performing, derived from the findings of this study, is presented at the end of this study.
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MACHADO, CRISTINA DE AMORIM. "THE FAILURE OF THE NORMATIVE MODELS OF PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE: ASTROLOGY AS A CASE STUDY." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2006. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=8587@1.
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CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOO tema desta pesquisa diz respeito ao problema da demarcação entre ciência e não-ciência, proposto no âmbito da filosofia da ciência anglo-saxã do século XX. O estudo do caso da astrologia mostra-se relevante para enriquecer essa discussão demarcatória e revelar suas dificuldades, considerando-se que vários filósofos da ciência, como Popper, Kuhn, Feyerabend, Thagard e Laudan, usaram a astrologia como exemplo ao tentar dar conta do problema da demarcação ou problematizar essa questão. O objetivo desta dissertação é, portanto, esclarecer um pouco mais o problema da demarcação da ciência, analisando especialmente o caso da astrologia, e examinar a relevância dessa questão no contexto atual dos estudos sobre a ciência. Com essa inserção no diálogo epistemológico contemporâneo, pretende-se contribuir para um melhor entendimento não só do que é ciência e de quais são suas fronteiras, mas também para a construção de uma visão mais precisa e menos preconceituosa da astrologia.
This research concerns with the demarcation problem which was proposed by the Anglo-Saxon philosophy of science in the twentieth century. Astrology as a case study is relevant to enrich this debate and to reveal its dificulties since various philosophers of science - as Popper, Kuhn, Feyerabend, Thagard, and Laudan - have used astrology as an example to account for demarcation problem or to question it. Therefore the goal of this dissertation is to clarify a little bit more the problem of distinguishing science from non- science, in particular the case of astrology, and to examine the pertinence of this discussion in the current context of the science studies. This survey is inserted into the contemporary epistemological dialogue and it intends to contribute to a better understanding of what is science and which are your frontiers, as well to give a more precise and less prejudicing view of astrology.
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LADEIRA, Felipe de Souza. "SISTEMAS DE INTERAÇÃO E NAVEGAÇÃO EM LIVROS DIGITAIS: proposta de modelo de análise descritivo-normativo." Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2017. http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/1664.
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The advent of the digital platform has given rise to a new form of narrative in the field of communication, characterized by the incorporation of dynamic elements such as audio, video and interactive infographics. However, the researches indicate the need for re-reading of the design with regard to the characterization and evaluation of digital books, as well as the strategic planning of the graphic interface, navigation process, interaction, inclusion of multimedia resources and analysis of user behavior . As a research question, how to structure interaction and navigation systems in digital books, this document presents the results of an exploratory-descriptive study that mapped the elements of interaction and navigation in digital books, and identified 40 recommendations for the design of digital books. Therefore, through the application of the descriptive-normative model, it was possible to prepare fourteen recommendations for the redesign of the digital book sample. The data identified by the model in the sample before and after the redesign, using different reading devices and applications, were compared and analyzed. It is concluded that the proposed model allows the redesign of digital books in a more objective and systematic way, contributing in the process of planning and development for digital books more dynamic and innovative.
O advento da plataforma digital fez surgir uma nova forma de narrativa no campo da comunicação, caracterizada pela incorporação de elementos dinâmicos, como: áudio, vídeo e infográficos interativos. Entretanto, as pesquisas sinalizam a necessidade de releitura do design no que se refere à caracterização e avaliação dos livros digitais, bem como o planejamento estratégico da interface gráfica, dos processos de navegação, interação, inclusão de recursos multimídia e análise do comportamento do usuário. Tendo como questão de pesquisa, como estruturar sistemas de interação e navegação em livros digitais, este documento apresenta os resultados de um estudo exploratório-descritivo que mapeou os elementos de interação e de navegação em livros digitais e identificou 40 recomendações para o design de livros digitais. Por conseguinte, através da aplicação do modelo descritivonormativo, foi possível realizar a elaboração de quatorze recomendações para o redesign da amostra de livros digitais analisada. Foram comparados e analisados os dados identificados pelo modelo na amostra, antes e após o redesign, utilizando diferentes dispositivos e aplicativos de leitura. Conclui-se que, o modelo proposto permite o redesign de livros digitais de forma mais objetiva e sistemática, contribuindo no processo de planejamento e desenvolvimento para livros digitais mais dinâmicos e inovadores.
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Alemu, Tikikel. "The African Charter on democracy, elections and governance: A normative framework for analysing electoral democracy in Africa." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2007. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_5994_1210842486.
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This paper gave an insight into the novelties as well as the deficiencies of the provisions related to democratic elections and their implementation framework. It examined the potential effectiveness or otherwise of a binding treaty which is not yet enforced on the basis of past experience. In effect, it shed light on the possible measures that could be taken to guarantee its realisation and to circumvent the shortcomings in ensuring its effective implementation.
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Colley, Linda Katurah, and n/a. "Myth, Monolith or Normative Model? Evolution of the Career Service Model of Employment in the Queensland Public Service 1859-2000." Griffith University. Department of Industrial Relations, 2005. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20050602.120554.
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Public services play an essential role in society, and every citizen uses them. They have traditionally been the principal means of implementing the political will, through policy development and implementation. Yet it is almost a national sport to criticise public servants. Their image is often poor, fed by television programmes such as Yes Minister. Common perceptions include that they have little real merit, do not work hard, are under little pressure to perform, are too powerful, are almost impossible to dismiss, and could benefit from some private sector experience. Such are the consequences of the career service model of employment that public servants enjoy. This thesis considers the much-maligned career service model of public sector employment relations, and asks how important it was, how it evolved, and why. First, it outlines the traditional understanding of public service employment, with its central tenets of merit, tenure, standardised conditions and political neutrality, all administered by an independent central personnel agency, and then explores the adoption, adaptation and reform of that model in three major western democracies - Britain, the United States and Australia. Then, it considers the implementation and evolution of that model in the Queensland public service from 1859 to 2000. The thesis argues that the traditional career service model was necessary to overcome problems of politicisation, corruption, insecurity and inefficiency that arose from the previous patronage model in the early 1800s. The model contained sound principles that were largely consistent with Westminster conventions, and were considered necessary for effective service in a political environment. Poor implementation of the model led to growing dissatisfaction by the late 20th century. However, rather than diagnose the problem as poor implementation and perhaps inadequate political leadership of the service, the career service model itself was found deficient, and was subjected to extensive reform through the weakening of its central tenets. The evolution of the career service demonstrates some circularity, as the problems of politicisation and insecurity that existed prior to the career service model begin to re-emerge.
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Parker, Shameema. "Conceptualisation of a structural model to predict organisational commitment." University of Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8065.
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Magister Commercii (Industrial Psychology) - MCom(IPS)As local textile manufacturing come under pressure from global competition, the competitive advantage of organisations in this sector have become an important research topic. As a key input in the manufacturing process, human resources can either be a burdensome cost or a source of competitive advantage for organisations in the textile industry. The effectiveness of human resources depends to a large extend on the ability of organisations to keep them motivated and productive.
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Riceputi, Giulia. "Il protocollo anatomico piede "Shriners Hospital for Children Greenville" (SHCG Foot Model) : estrazione delle curve di normalità e applicazioni in clinica." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
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Questo progetto di tesi nasce per essere di supporto ad un’esigenza del Laboratorio di Analisi del Movimento e Biomeccanica (LAMB) dell’ospedale “Sol et Salus” (RN) di approfondire lo studio della cinematica del piede, con il proposito di fornire diagnosi funzionali più dettagliate a pazienti con deformità podaliche. L’obiettivo di questo progetto era di studiare il protocollo piede multi-segmento “Shriners Hospital for Children Greenville (SHCG) Foot Model” attraverso un sistema stereofotogrammetrico optoelettronico, soffermandosi sulla produzione delle curve di normalità e sull’applicazione in clinica del protocollo, in particolare simulando il posizionamento dei marker su piede equino-varo-supinato.
Per raggiungere questi obiettivi, sono stati utilizzati due raccolte dati. La prima, su 8 soggetti sani, ha permesso di ottenere le curve di normalità per i 12 angoli del piede calcolati dal protocollo. Le curve ottenute presentano una buona sovrapposizione con quanto è presente in letteratura e saranno utilizzate come riferimento normativo per i futuri esami clinici del laboratorio.
La seconda, condotta su 4 soggetti sani, aveva come obiettivo lo studio della robustezza del protocollo a uno spostamento predefinito di 4 marcatori: i pazienti a cui viene applicato il protocollo in clinica possono presentare delle deformità di piede tali da non consentire il posizionamento standard dei marcatori. Questa analisi ha permesso di capire quali angoli siano robusti allo spostamento dei marcatori e quali invece debbano essere commentati con cautela, o meglio con consapevolezza degli effetti di tale riposizionamento. Inoltre, un angolo -l’angolo fra retropiede e gamba nel piano frontale– ha presentato effetti differenti tra piede destro e sinistro, suggerendo l’opportunità di ulteriori approfondimenti.
Infine, si è acquisito un caso clinico, una paziente con piede cavo, in cui si sono evidenziate le differenze tra paziente e curve di normalità ricavate in questa tesi.
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Curry, Michael. "IT effectiveness efforts as predictors of organizational outcomes : a normative model for assessing IT quality." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/it-effectiveness-efforts-as-predictors-of-organizational-outcomes-a-normative-model-for-assessing-it-quality(1870560e-74dd-451b-9419-428dc208a21d).html.
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Information technology (IT) is a key enabler of modern business practices, yet reliably effective IT systems remain a significant challenge for many organizations. The consequences when systems fail to behave as expected becomes ever-more problematic as IT dependence grows. Therefore, methods for assessing IT effectiveness and generating actionable recommendations for improvement are key drivers of success. For this reason, large organizations often adopt IT best practice frameworks such as COBIT, ITIL or ISO/IEC standards which can offer greater assurances of IT effectiveness. However smaller organizations are rarely able to adopt these frameworks due, in part, to resource constraints, and a preference to eschew authoritative practices in favour of informal guides to action. Consequently, a significant research gap is the lack of IT effectiveness approaches for organizations unable or unwilling to adopt formal IT best practice frameworks. This thesis presents an alternative norms-based approach to IT effectiveness which some organizations might find more suitable. Norms are informal beliefs (e.g. ‘using a complex password helps safeguard data’) which motivate behaviours and can often be expressed using non-technical language. We review the literature to formulate a predictive model connecting norms to IT quality. Employing a scientific methodology defensible on philosophical grounds and accepted research practices, we distil a set of IT effectiveness norms from the COBIT 4.1 IT governance framework and adapt theories of motivation to justify our assertion that IT effectiveness norms can motivate actions. Our work is signficant in its formulation of an alternative approach for assessing IT operations and improving organizational IT outcomes. Our survey instrument –validated in four studies, which include a non-profit and government organization, multiple small businesses, a large pharmaceutical company and a university –is a light-weight and reliable assessment tool. Our predictive model is able to explain 26% of observed variance, and can offer actionable and non-technical insights which can improve organizational outcomes. A norms-based approach may bring many of the same IT effectiveness benefits offered by formal IT best practices into organizations, such as small businesses, which lack the resources for their implementation. This approach may also help bridge important communication gaps between IT professionals and others in the organization by providing a different, less technical perspective for framing, assessing, diagnosing, and communicating about IT processes.
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LEONE, LUCA. "NANOFOOD: IL QUADRO NORMATIVO EUROPEO SUL FUTURO DEL CIBO." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/2470.
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Il lavoro di ricerca ha a oggetto l’analisi del modello europeo (UE) di regolamentazione delle nanotecnologie nel settore agroalimentare, con riferimento agli aspetti etico-giuridici e sociali, ai fini della definizione del quadro normativo di riferimento nella sua relazione con la dimensione di complessità e incertezza intrinseca nel sapere scientifico-tecnologico. La prospettiva teorica da cui muove l’analisi è la co-produzione tra i linguaggi della scienza e del diritto proposta dagli STS (Science & Technologies Studies). Partendo dalla descrizione degli aspetti scientifici dei nanomateriali e delle applicazioni nanotecnologiche nel settore alimentare, il lavoro analizza, in primo luogo, le problematiche correlate alle procedure di gestione del rischio – dalle prospettive più riduzionistiche della cd. “scienza del rischio” nell'innovazione alle più complesse modalità di valutazione integrata del rischio. L’indagine s’incentra, quindi, sulle forme che la normazione sta assumendo nell'intreccio con i saperi delle nanotecnologie, attraverso un approccio comparatistico delle esperienze normative europea e statunitense. L’ultima parte del lavoro s’indirizza, infine, all’analisi delle esigenze di democraticità sottese alle suddette scelte scientifico-giuridiche, problematizzando il concetto di governance anticipatoria e responsabile delle nanotecnologie (concetto correlato all’idea di riuscire a guidare i processi di innovazione attivamente), alla luce del rapporto tra conoscenze scientifiche, politiche agroalimentari e diritto.In recent decades technoscientific innovation has pushed the food boundaries to a new frontier of nanofood. Such a term refers to an array of food products, whose processes of growing, production and packaging involve nanoscale (nanotechnology and nanosciences) knowledges and applications. This research focuses on the analysis of the European (EU) regulatory framework in the field of agrofood nanotechnology. The analysis considers the salient features of emerging applications of nanotechnologies in the agrofood sector and compares the legal framework on nanofood in the EU with the USA’s regulatory approach. It also develops an interpretation of the normative evolution in the EU, by trying to understand what is the role of science in governing technological risks in nanofood safety, and assessing how adequate the regulatory instruments are in achieving the goal of responsible research and innovation as proposed within the process of rethinking European governance.
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Justino, Ana Cristina Fernandes Cortês Santana. "O desafio da homogeneização normativa em instituições de memória: proposta de um modelo uniformizador e colaborativo." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/10444.
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Doutoramento em Informação e Comunicação em Plataformas DigitaisA informação digitalizada e nado digital, fruto do avanço tecnológico proporcionado pelas Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC), bem como da filosofia participativa da Web 2.0, conduziu à necessidade de reflexão sobre a capacidade de os modelos atuais, para a organização e representação da informação, de responder às necessidades info-comunicacionais assim como o acesso à informação eletrónica pelos utilizadores em Instituições de Memória. O presente trabalho de investigação tem como objetivo a conceção e avaliação de um modelo genérico normativo e harmonizador para a organização e representação da informação eletrónica, num sistema de informação para o uso de utilizadores e profissionais da informação, no contexto atual colaborativo e participativo. A definição dos objetivos propostos teve por base o estudo e análise qualitativa das normas adotadas pelas instituições de memória, para os registos de autoridade, bibliográfico e formatos de representação. Após a concetualização, foi desenvolvido e avaliado o protótipo, essencialmente, pela análise qualitativa dos dados obtidos a partir de testes à recuperação da informação. A experiência decorreu num ambiente laboratorial onde foram realizados testes, entrevistas e inquéritos por questionário. A análise cruzada dos resultados, obtida pela triangulação dos dados recolhidos através das várias fontes, permitiu concluir que tanto os utilizadores como os profissionais da informação consideraram muito interessante a integração da harmonização normativa refletida nos vários módulos, a integração de serviços/ferramentas comunicacionais e a utilização da componente participativa/colaborativa da plataforma privilegiando a Wiki, seguida dos Comentários, Tags, Forum de discussão e E-mail.
The growth of digital information (born digital and digitalized), as a result of the technological advances of ICT (Information and Communication Technologies), raised the need for a reflection on the information models adopted by the memory institutions such as Libraries, Archives and Museums (LAM), and their ability to answer the information needs of their users. This research work aims at designing and evaluating a generic model for the organization and representation of electronic information in an information system. This model is intended for users’ and information professionals’ use, taking advantage of the current collaborative and participatory environment context. The conceptualization of the model design was based on the qualitative analysis results of the authority records, bibliographic records and representation formats standards adopted by memory institutions. After design harmonization, a prototype was developed to test the ideas and concepts underlying the model. The data was collected through retrieval information tests, performed at the prototype, by users and information professionals (in a total of thirty participants). The experience took place in a laboratory context. The data collection was carried out through the application of different data gathering techniques, such as tests, interviews and questionnaire surveys. The triangulation of cross-analysis results achieved from various sources showed that both users and information professionals found the integration of standard harmonization reflected in the various modules very interesting, as well as the integration of services / communication tools and the use of a participatory component / collaborative platform focusing on the Wiki, followed by Comments, Tags, Discussion forums and E-mail.
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Wang, Ping. "Managing suppliers beyond tier 1 an exploration of motivations and strategies leading to a normative model /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1180447864.
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Owen, Orion. "Towards a normative model of postnatal mood : symptoms of depression and anxiety among women after childbirth." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2011. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54227/.
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Findings suggest non-pathological postpartum mood is characterised by (1) specific symptoms of anxiety and depression and, more broadly (2) co-existing symptoms that exist most frequently below the threshold for disorder, the rate and severity of which spontaneously diminish over time.
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Momo, Alain Michael. "Online business registration at the Department Of Trade and Industry in the Congo : a normative model." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2592.
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Thesis (MTech (Marketing))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017.This thesis, through the lenses of technology acceptance theory, and considering the lack of online interactivity in service delivery, aimed at proposing a model of online business registration adoption for re-branding the government Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) Congo-Brazzaville. Task-Technology Fit (TTF) and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) were the underpinning theories with which the study described the social phenomenon: online business registration adoption at DTI Congo-Brazzaville as branding tool. Arguably, in doctoral level, without underpinning theories, research conclusions look speculative. The use of theory to underpin this study was further motivated by its interpretative nature and the interplay between technical and non-technical factors which are involved in the process of technology adoption in service organisation. To come up with new engagement, and informed from successful implementation of DTI South Africa’s e-governance model, DTI Congo was used as case study; hence the country is known for being at the bottom of the pile when it comes to the ease of doing business ratings. Despite resultant benefits namely increased efficiency, effectiveness and improved service delivery that offer e-governance in making services nearer to citizens and easing the strenuous processes involved in manual operations, not all managers at the DTI Congo advocate the adoption of online business system. The problem is that insufficient advocacy of online business registration enforces the void of re-positioning the organisation vis-à-vis its internal customers (employees) as lean and innovative. The overall research question is: “how does the DTI Congo-Brazzaville intend to improve business registration using online business registration service as a branding tool”? The main objective therefore was to propose online service adoption re-branding and re-positioning DTI Congo-Brazzaville.
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Uchoa, Marcelo Ribeiro. "Mulher e mercado de trabalho no Brasil : um estudo sobre igualdade efetiva baseado no modelo normativo espanhol." Universidade de Fortaleza, 2015. http://dspace.unifor.br/handle/tede/95378.
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Previous issue date: 2015-06-26The struggle for female emancipation is historic; its advances are undisputable and touch every field of social life. Currently, the Constitutions of Brazil and Spain award men and women full equality in accordance with international human rights conventions. However, neither in Spain or (let alone) Brazil does equality materialize in practice, a fact noticeable through labour statistics showing that women are given the most precarious and temporary jobs, under worse pay and conditions. Female workers face harder obstacles to enter, remain and move up in the job market and bear most professional violence, thus facing difficulties incomparably higher than men to conciliate work and private life. In everywhere, equality laws have been passed with the aim of tackling gender discrimination in all aspects of social life strengthen the promotion of a new culture able to balance, more fair, the distribution of social roles between men and women, making effective gender equality in practice. Spain tackles gender discrimination, including in the job market, with some rules, specially Ley Orgánica n. 3/2007 (23 de marzo, para la igualdad efectiva de mujeres y hombres), which is based on the ideology of feminism of complementarity. On the other hand, the Brazilian legal system does not have specific legislation on the issue, applying instead conventional employment laws, many of which overlook imperceptibles instances of discrimination at first sight (indirect), immensely harmful to female workers. The current work applies bibliographical research (drawing from national and Iberian legal frameworks), is pure in its typology, exploratory in its objectives, and it is crucially qualitative, proposing concrete measures to reverse the brazilian women´s gender discriminations in the employment context. Keywords: Women. Employment. Gender equality. Brazil. Spain.
A luta pela emancipação feminina é histórica, seus êxitos são indiscutíveis e atingem todos os campos sociais. As Constituições da Espanha e do Brasil, fundadas em convenções internacionais de direitos humanos, tutelam a igualdade entre homens e mulheres. Porém, nem na Espanha, muito menos no Brasil, a igualdade constitucionalmente prevista se materializa na prática, sendo fácil constatar pelos números específicos do mercado laboral que as mulheres ocupam os mais precários postos de trabalho, com grau de maior temporalidade e rotação, salários e condições mais degradantes. São elas que têm maiores dificuldades para entrar, manter-se e ascender no mercado de trabalho, e que mais sofrem violências profissionais, tendo, por tudo isso, mais dificuldades para conciliar a jornada profissional com as atribuições da vida privada que os trabalhadores homens. Por isso, normas de igualdade têm sido criadas visando combater as discriminações de gênero nos mais diversos âmbitos da vida social e fortalecer o fomento de uma nova cultura, capaz de balancear, de modo mais justo, a distribuição dos papéis sociais entre mulheres e homens, tornando efetiva a igualdade entre os gêneros. No que toca à problemática da discriminação de gênero na seara laboral, a Espanha ataca o fenômeno com uma série de normas pontuais, em especial a Ley Orgánica n. 3/2007, 23 de marzo, para la igualdad efectiva de mujeres y hombres, que tem por base a ideologia do feminismo da complementariedade. Por sua vez, o ordenamento brasileiro não conta com um arcabouço normativo voltado ao adequado enfrentamento da questão, encarando as dificuldades no meio tão somente com suas normas laborais convencionais, muitas das quais mascarando discriminações não perceptíveis à primeira vista (indiretas), imensamente danosas às trabalhadoras. A presente pesquisa, bibliográfica (amparada em doutrina nacional e espanhola), pura quanto à utilização dos resultados, exploratória quanto ao objetivo e, fundamentalmente, de natureza qualitativa, busca, a partir da análise comparada entre os dois países, propor medidas concretas de reversão do quadro de discriminação laboral na qual as mulheres se encontram no Brasil. Palavras-chave: Mulher. Trabalho. Igualdade efetiva. Brasil. Espanha.
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Aldigueri, Daniel Rodrigues. "Modelo normativo para o tratamento de receitas não tarifárias em processos de concessão de infraestrutura de transporte." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2012. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/11389.
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Tese (Doutorado)—Universidade Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Civil e Ambiental, 2012.Submitted by Jaqueline Ferreira de Souza (jaquefs.braz@gmail.com) on 2012-10-08T13:19:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012_DanielodriguesAldigueri.pdf: 5930951 bytes, checksum: 915b31677c9da83265c6dc9274d0acd6 (MD5)
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O tratamento de receitas não tarifárias em projetos de concessão de infraestmtura no Brasil não é estabelecido de forma consistente, com base nas melhores práticas regulatórias e nos dispositivos legais que tratam do assunto. Constata-se essa lacuna de conhecimento a respeito dos processos de concessão de infraestrutura realizados no Brasil. O presente trabalho aborda a questão de como tratar as receitas não tarifárias em projetos de concessão de infraestrutura no Brasil, em especial infraestruturas de transporte. Esta tese de doutorado responde essa questão através de reflexões acerca da teoria econômica da regulação, do arcabouço legal vigente, e da observação das práticas de concessão nacional e internacional. Tem-se como resultado principal um modelo normativo para tratamento de receitas não tarifárias em projetos de concessão, o qual serve como ferramenta de suporte ao regulador da exploração de infraestruturas concedidas. Tal modelo é considerado para fins de modicidade tarifária a luz da teoria econômica da regulação por incentivos. Por fim, um estudo de caso com aplicação do modelo normativo proposto é realizado afim de melhor ilustrá-lo, e conclui-se com comentários e indicativos de futuras investigações. _______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
The treatment of non-tariff revenues in infrastructure concession projects in Brazil has not set consistently, based on best practices and regulatory provisions that address the topic. There is a knowledge gap in the provision of infrastructure processes carried out in Brazil. This paper addresses the problem of how to treat non-tariff revenues in infrastructure concession projects in Brazil, in particular transport infrastructure. This thesis answers this question by analyzing about the economic theory of regulation, the current legal framework, and observing the practice of granting national and international. It has as main result a normative model for treatment of non-tariff revenues in concession projects, which serves as a support tool for the regulator of infrastructure concessions. This model is considered for reduction of tariffs under the economic theory of incentive regulation. Finally, a case study with application of the normative model proposed is performed in order to better illustrate it, and conclusions, comments and indicative of future investigations are showed.
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Fonseca, i. Casas Antoni. "Model de simulació per l'optimització en l'edificació atenent la normativa de sostenibilitat (impactes ambientals, econòmics i socials)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/405726.
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In the last years, international and national policies have been developed in order to encourage the improvement of energy efficiency. They have also been developed in order to reduce the environmental, economic and social impacts due to economic and industrial activity. It is necessary to highlight the European guidelines 210/31 / UE and 2012/27 / UE, in relation to buildings’ energy efficiency, or the strategic policies raised in the European Council, known as 20-20-20 (for a reduction of emissions of greenhouse gases, energy savings and for a proposal of increase in the generation of energy through renewable sources) which has generated an important framework to move towards a more sustainable environment, jointly with the international building sustainability regulation CEN/ TC 350, transposed nationally by the working group AEN / CTN 198.
As an answer to the actual needs and to the vacuum to evaluate systems, responding to all the policies previously mentioned, a simulation model called BuildingSim has been developed, which is based in standard language, formal graphic and complete SDL (Specification and Description Language), regulated by the ITU-T. This model is able to respond to the sustainability regulation (environmental, economic and social impacts) analyzing the selected case study depending on its complete life cycle (from the design, going through the building process, usage/maintenance and deconstruction), taking in to account the reuse and the energy compensation processes. The model is able to use different thermodynamic calculation engines, which are international known and validated in multiple studies and projects in a co-simulation environment. The simulated scenarios are based in BIM models (Building Information Modelling) that under the use of integrated algorithms optimization or brute force, allow us to find the optimal curve to locate the best options for designing purposes, in order to reduce associated impacts.
According to the initial approach, the model is easy to be extended for different work environments, without needing to have experience is programming systems. It is understandable for all the team members, because it integrates a holistic vision which facilitates validation and verification of the process. The model doesn’t need specific implementation, and verification is direct, because the system’s architecture and the own programming model are the same.
The model can be applied in technological development and in research; in the training field of subjects in sustainability and cooperation; in big data analysis; in professional projects and / or to assist in political decision-making.
The structure of the model database is prepared to exchange information with national and international databases, in order to obtain the necessary information for carrying out the relevant simulations and calculations.
The results have been integrated in R language, to answer to the statistical analysis of data and to increase the potentiality of their reading, which are obtained in the multiple simulated scenarios.En els darrers anys, s’han desenvolupat noves polítiques internacionals i nacionals per incentivar la millora de l’eficiència energètica i reduir els impactes ambientals, econòmics i socials derivats de l’activitat econòmica i industrial. Cal destacar les directrius europees 210/31/UE i 2012/27/UE, relatives a l’eficiència energètica dels edificis, o les polítiques estratègiques plantejades en el Consell Europeu conegudes com 20-20-20 (per una reducció de les emissions de gasos d'efecte hivernacle, estalvi energètic i proposta de increment en la generació d’energia mitjançant fonts renovables), que, conjuntament amb la norma internacional de sostenibilitat de la construcció CEN/TC 350, transposada, en l’àmbit nacional, pel grup de treball AEN/CTN 198, ha generat un marc de treball prou important per caminar cap un entorn més sostenible. Com a resposta a les necessitats actuals i al buit existent per tal d’avaluar, amb criteri, els sistemes, atenent les polítiques anteriorment esmentades, es desenvolupa un model de simulació, anomenat BuildingSim, basat en llenguatge estàndard, formal gràfic i complert SDL (Specification and Description Language) normat per la ITU-T. Aquest model és capaç d’atendre a la norma de sostenibilitat (impactes ambientals, econòmics i socials) analitzant l’estudi de cas escollit segons el seu cicle de vida complert (des del disseny, passant pel procés de la construcció, ús/manteniment i deconstrucció), tenint en compte els processos de reutilització i compensació energètica. El model és capaç d’utilitzar diferents motors de càlcul termodinàmics internacionalment reconeguts i validats en múltiples estudis i projectes, en un entorn de co-simulació. Els escenaris simulats, es basen en models BIM (Building Information Modeling) que, sota l’ús d’algoritmes d’optimització integrats o força bruta, ens permet trobar la corba òptima per localitzar les millors opcions de disseny per reduir els impactes associats. Segons el plantejament inicial, el model és fàcilment ampliable per entorns de treball diversos, sense necessitat de tenir expertesa en sistemes de programació, comprensible per tots els membres de l’equip, integrant una visió holística, facilitant la validació i verificació del procés. El model no necessita implementació específica i la verificació, donat que l’arquitectura del sistema i el propi model de programació són el mateix, és directa. El model pot ser aplicat en desenvolupament tecnològic i investigació, en àmbit formatiu de matèries en sostenibilitat i cooperació, en anàlisis big data, en projectes professionals i/o per ajudar en la presa de decisions polítiques. L’estructura de la base de dades del model està preparada per intercanviar informació amb bases de dades nacionals i internacionals per tal d’obtenir la informació necessària per realitzar les simulacions i càlculs pertinents.
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Fouche, Johannes Philippus. "A normative model for alliance partnering in the South African engineering & construction industry / Johannes Philippus Fouche." Thesis, North-West University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/474.
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To maintain and improve competitive positions and to satisfy the ever changing
market demands, international service offering and contracting strategies has
undergone an evolution over the past two to three decades. This evolution
includes a change from a self sufficiency strategy to opportunistic outsourcing
followed by vertical integration and long term contractual relationships which
emphasises the lack of alignment and synergies between the engineering service
providers and the client companies. This situation most often resulted in win-lose
situations, mistrust, additional cost, poor performance and litigation.
The need for maximum value-add through-out the engineering value chain for
purposes of improved competitive advantage and overall business performance,
has placed an emphasis on alliance partnering strategies to be implemented to
the benefit of the service provider as well as the client company.
Although alliance partnering has been the topic of various literature studies and
although it has been implemented in a number of developed countries in various
industries, there appears to be no uniform approach to the concept, as well as
disagreement on the successes proclaimed in theory compared to the nature and
extent of real benefits experienced by alliance partners in the Engineering and
Construction Industries in South Africa.
The main objective of this study is to develop a generic normative model for
alliance partnering suitable for application in the Engineering and Construction
Industry as a service industry to the Petrochemical Industry in South Africa.
Key conclusions drawn from the findings of a literature study as well as an
empirical study on this subject were used to develop a generic normative model
for application in the initiation, development and management of an alliance
partnership in the engineering and construction industry in South Africa. The
normative model also reflects the secondary objectives of this study, namely:
o determining and defining the benefits of alliance partnering in terms of which
alliance partnering are considered to be successful; and
o determining and defining the factors impacting on successful alliance
partnering.
It is clear from the research results that reciprocal value addition between service
providers and owner companies can be managed more effectively by
implementing an alliance partnering strategy. It is however noted that despite the
inherent benefits of an alliance partnering strategy, the failure rate of this strategy
is reported to be significant.Thesis (M.B.A.)--North West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005.
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Gardner, John Thomas. "Logistics partnerships : an exploration of form and influencing factors leading to a normative model of partnership building." The Ohio State University, 1989. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1269535734.
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Castellano, Katherine Elizabeth. "Unpacking student growth percentiles: statistical properties of regression-based approaches with implications for student and school classifications." Diss., University of Iowa, 2011. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/931.
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The measurement of achievement growth raises many challenges, including how to define "growth" and select or develop a growth measure that captures that definition. Despite these complications, current federal educational policies focus on student growth measures for accountability purposes. Student growth percentiles (SGPs) are one metric developed under these policies. They use quantile regression to produce normative growth interpretations: They describe how much a student has grown relative to students with similar past test scores. SGPs are increasingly popular, but there are gaps in the literature concerning their performance for small sample sizes and the number of prior years of test scores included in the model, as well as their invariance to transformations of the test scale.
This study proposes an ordinary least squares analog, the percentile rank of residuals (PRRs). PRRs are the percentile rank of the residuals found by regressing the current grade-level assessment score on past grade-level assessment scores. PRRs may be a more robust alternative to SGPs, especially for small samples. They also stem from a wide array of regression based metrics in education and only require estimation of one regression line, as opposed to the 100 regression lines estimated for SGPs.
This dissertation first places the growth metrics of interest in a framework anchored by four key contrasts in growth interpretations: (1) absolute versus normative, (2) unconditional normative versus conditional normative, (3) student- versus group-level, and (4) aggregated individual growth versus growth of aggregated-individuals. SGPs and PRRs afford normative conditional growth interpretations. They are investigated at the student level using simulated multivariate normal data and two statewide empirical datasets. These student-level analyses assess the accuracy of SGPs and PRRs by their recovery of benchmark growth percentiles under multivariate normality, or normal conditional growth percentiles (NCGPs), their robustness to scale transformations, their comparability to each other under varying conditions, and their stability over different sample sizes and numbers of prior years included in the models. SGPs and PRRs are also investigated at the group level by aggregating them with the mean and median functions. The robustness of the aggregated growth percentiles to test scale transformations is also assessed. Finally, the aggregated growth percentiles are contrasted against group effects from a simple layered value-added model (VAM).
The analyses found that PRRs better recover expected growth percentiles under multivariate normality and are more accurate and stable for small samples, whereas SGPs are substantially more robust to test scale transformations. However, estimation issues with the SGPs can cause students with extreme initial statuses to obtain substantially different SGPs under transformations of the data. At the aggregate level, there is little distinction in how robust SGPs and PRRs are to scale transformations of the test score data. The mean SGPs and mean PRRs are consistently more robust to scale transformations of the test score data then their median counterparts. They are also the most highly correlated and rank order the groups more similarly to the value-added school effects than the median SGPs and PRRs.
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Morton-Achmad, Derrick. "A normative model for the employment of people with disabilities within the provincial government of the Western Cape." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1685.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (DTech (Public Management))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2008.The research investigates trends in the employment of people with disabilities within the Provincial Government of the Western Cape (PGWC) and develops a normative model to address the matter of low employment and progression rates of people with disabilities within the PGWC. The advent of democracy in 1994 in South Africa witnessed the enshrinement of the fundamental human rights of all citizens, particularly within previously disadvantaged groups. Yet, in spite of rights being legislated for people with disabilities, such people within the public service represented only 0.15% of the total staff complement of the public service nationwide, as at December 2004, compared to the 2% target legislated in 1995. The research examines a philosophical and theoretical approach to managing the employment and retention of people with disabilities within the public service in Chapter Two, before providing a synopsis of the existing constitutional and legislative framework that supports access to employment for people with disabilities. The subsequent Chapters examine trends in the employment of people with disabilities within the PGWC, in conjunction with a situational analysis of disability in South Africa. The recruitment and selection practices within the PGWC are then examined in order to determine whether specific disability actions have been incorporated into the documentation. Finally, key recommendations follow a description of the research methodology and the presentation of the most salient findings of the study. The proposed normative model incorporates eight sets of criteria jointly derived from the literature and the empirical survey. The sets of criteria must be put in place for the achievement of a sustained increase in the employment of people with disabilities. The findings on disability employment in the PGWC are generalised to the remaining eight provinces in the country on the basis that the same policy and procedure documents are regulatory in all nine provinces.