Relevant bibliographies by topics / Norse mythology

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters

Academic literature on the topic 'Norse mythology'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Norse mythology"

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Bek-Pedersen, Karen. "Old Norse Mythology." History: Reviews of New Books 50, no. 1 (January 2, 2022): 11–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03612759.2022.2010290.

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Brito Neto, José Arimatéia de, and Elaine do Nascimento Sousa. "Os povos nórdicos e a contribuição de sua mitologia para a literatura inglesa." Somma: Revista Cientifica do Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Piauí 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2016): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.51361/somma.v2i1.32.

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This study aimed to show the influence of Norse mythology on the formation of English-speakingpeoples’ identity. The bibliographic, theoretical,and descriptive research was based on the analysis of literary works as a wayto establish relations between Norse mythology and English literature. The results indicatedthat knowledge on mythology is an important aspect during the study of a language, as it is directly linked to a people’s literature and culture.
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Lundgreen-Nielsen, Flemming. "Grundtvigs nordisk-mytologiske billedsprog - et mislykket eksperiment?" Grundtvig-Studier 45, no. 1 (January 1, 1994): 142–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/grs.v45i1.16146.

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Grundtvig ’s Norse Mythological Imagery - An Experiment that Failed?By Flemming Lundgreen-NielsenSince his early youth, Grundtvig worked frequently and diligently with Norse mythology. From 1805 to 1810 he tried in a scholarly way to sort out its original sources and accordingly its ancient meanings, though Grundtvig even as a philologist preferred to give spontaneous enthusiasm aroused by a synthetic vision a priority above linguistic proofs (Norse Mythology, 1808). After a pause of some years, Grundtvig in 1815 returned to Norse mythology, allowing himself a more free and subjective interpretation in lieu of an all-encompassing conception. From now on aiming to turn the Norse myths into an accessible store of modeme national imagery, he adapted a favourable evaluation of Snorri’s Edda, which until then he had been regarding as late, distorted information.Drawing mainly upon previously unprinted material the paper demonstrates, how Grundtvig around 1820, 1832, in the 1840’s and during the Schleswig-Holstein war 1848-50 tried to revive Snorri’s Edda for actual commonday use. To put Grundtvig’s opinions in a historical perspective, other contemporary statements are included, such as a Copenhagen press and pamphlet feud on the potential usefulness of Norse mythology to sculptors and painters (1820-21) and a public lecture in favour of Greek mythology and Christian civilization given by professor Madvig (1844).Grundtvig’s own attempts to mobilize the Norse gods in current affairs are illustrated in selected examples from his poetical works. The conclusion indicates that his project was a failure: none of his ballads and poems popular then and today deal with Norse mythology, and although his Norse Mythology, 1832, became a handbook for teachers of the Folk Highschools, neither later poets nor philosophers employed the Norse mythological imagery he recommended. In the war 1848-50 Grundtvig wanted to take advantage of situations from myths and legends such as Thor battling the giant Hrungnir and prince Uffe the Meek killing two Saxons, but the majority of the Danes cherished heroes of the people such as the brave unknown army soldier celebrated in a 1858-statue and the little homblower from a bestselling verse epic. At the end of his life, Grundtvig continued to write poetry in Norse mythological terms, but apparently made no efforts to get his manuscripts printed - why is not known.Among the reasons to be suggested for the failure of Grundtvig’s Norse mythological imagery, the victorious ideas in Romantic 19. century poetry and arts pertaining to originality and individualism, the prominent place of traditional classical mythology in the minds of the cultured public, and the political emphasis in the mid century period on democratization are probably most decisive.Finally attention is given to the fact that the proverbial phrase about ’freedom to Loki as well as to Thor’, the only surviving popular dictum from Grundtvig’s Norse mythological writings, almost invariably is misunderstood to be a token of boundless tolerance to both parties in the struggle between good and evil. However, several instances can be mentioned to prove that Loki, mythologically half god, half giant, in Grundtvig’s understanding does not represent evil as much as a gifted intellectualism without religious faith, possessing potential to acquire it.An English version of the paper with less regard to quotes from unprinted Grundtvig manuscripts and more attention to introductory paragraphs on Danish literary history is published in Andrew Wawn (ed.): Northern Antiquity. The Post-Medieval Reception of Edda and Saga, Hisarlik Press, 1994, p. 41-67.
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Sayers, William. "The Norns in Old Norse Mythology." Scandinavian Studies 84, no. 2 (July 1, 2012): 225–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/23343117.

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Fields, Peter. "Norse Mythology by Neil Gaiman (review)." Rocky Mountain Review 72, no. 2 (September 2018): 324–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/rmr.2018.0030.

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Visovan, Cristina. "Old Norse gods in contemporary Norwegian novels." Vikings: New Inquiries into an Age-Old Theme 9, no. 2 (December 15, 2017): 31–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.53604/rjbns.v9i2_4.

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Old Norse mythology is one of the most prolific fields in modern times. From a scholarly renewed interest to a more popular based reception, the old myths and gods seem to have been revived. The following article deals with the representation and role of two of the Old Norse gods, Odin and Ty, in contemporary Norwegian literature. It discusses in a comparative way the image of the Old Norse gods as presented by the written sources about the Viking mythology, The Poetic Edda and The Prose Edda, and by the contemporary novels that have them as main characters. Contemporary problems that trouble the Norwegian society seem to find their expression in literature where the old gods are presented as driven by anger and a desire to take revenge, either because they have lost their power or because they are led by a sense of duty, integrity and doing what is right. In the so called age of globalization, the Norwegian writers that use Old Norse mythology as inspiration seem to be themselves driven by a feeling of nostalgia after a time when the society was more homogenous or by a desire to promote and live by the Viking values
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Lindow, John. "Ritual and Hierarchy in Old Norse Mythology." Religionsvidenskabeligt Tidsskrift 74 (March 25, 2022): 46–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/rt.v74i.132098.

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ABSTRACT: Within Old Norse mythological narratives, the presence or absence of ritual establishes hierarchy. As exemplified in death ritual, ritual orders the two major classes of mythological beings, placing the Æsir (gods) above the jǫtnar (“giants”). In addition, the practice of ritual or ritual-like activity, resembling sacrifice, orders the class of the Æsir themselves, placing Óðinn above Þórr. RESUME: I de norrøne mytologiske narrativer etableres et hierarki igennem tilstedeværelsen og fraværet af ritualer. Dødsritualer er et eksempel på, at ritualer ordner de to store klasser af mytologiske væsner hierarkisk ved at placere aserne (guderne) over jætterne. Desuden rangeres aserne også hierarkisk indbyrdes igennem ritualer eller ritual-lignende aktiviteter, som minder om ofringer, idet Óðinn placeres over Þórr.
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Nistor, Cristina Mihaela. "Revisiting Norse Mythology: the Case of A.S. Byatt’s Ragnarök." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Philologia 68, no. 2 (June 25, 2023): 121–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbphilo.2023.2.07.

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"Revisiting Norse Mythology: The Case of A.S. Byatt’s Ragnarök. In 2011, British author and Booker-prize winner A. S. Byatt publishes Ragnarök, her rewriting of the Norse myth about the death of the gods. Seen through the eyes of a thin child who is forced to witness the terrors of World War II, the story and characters of the Norse myth are reinterpreted and retold in accordance with the child’s vision, imagination and feelings. The paper here focuses on the association of the Scandinavian imaginary with specific moments in A. S. Byatt’s personal history, and highlights the use of certain patterns and ideas that are present in both, trying to pinpoint the elements that make possible the transformation of the mythical into the actual. The aim of this study is to explore the evolution of the mythological events as they are rewritten in Byatt’s 21st century book, in close connection with the main character’s personal development. To that end, the paper will also dwell upon the comparison drawn by Byatt herself between the Norse and the Christian mythological imaginary – a vision filtered through the eyes and thoughts of the focalizer of the text, the thin child. Keywords: Ragnarök, A. S. Byatt, reinterpretation, Norse myths, death of the gods"
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Suciadi, Marcellinus Ferdinand, Andre Andre, and Levina Novelinda. "Pengembangan Digital Motion Comic Berfokus pada Autentikasi Mitologi, Studi Kasus: “Ragnarok”." KELUWIH: Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi 1, no. 2 (August 31, 2020): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.24123/saintek.v1i2.2954.

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Abstract—Norse Mythology is a mythology that originated in the Scandinavian region, which is the basis of all mythologies in the area. At this time, people's knowledge of Norse mythology was only obtained from films, and the adaptation was not in accordance with the original mythology. Submission of stories remains inauthentic due to additional characters that are not present in the original story, thus affecting the authentication of the mythology being conveyed. To educate the public about Norse mythology, interesting media are needed but can also convey a message by not changing the specific elements of the mythology. The survey was conducted on 53 teen respondents and fans of the Marvel franchise. From the survey results, 88% of respondents had never used a motion comic application, but were interested in trying a motion comic application. Through the survey results, a motion comic with the theme of Norse Mythology was made to fulfill the stated goals. The results of the design will be implemented and have several options, including Starting Story, Journal, and Credit. Start Story will start the story from beginning to end, with a mini game in the middle. The journal is a collection of information about the Ragnarok War, and the Credit contains the names of those who intervened in making the Ragnarok motion comic. The making of this motion comic uses several programs. The verification and validation stage is carried out after the implementation has been completed. This application can help teens and adults to understand the mythological story of the Ragnarok War, based on the results of the validation that has been done. Keywords: motion comic, mythology, Norse, Ragnarok, war Abstrak—Mitologi Nordik merupakan mitologi yang berasal dari daerah Skandinavia, yang merupakan dasar dari segala mitologi yang berada pada daerah tersebut. Pada masa ini, pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai mitologi Nordik hanya didapat dari film, dan adaptasi tersebut tidak sesuai dengan mitologi aslinya. Penyampaian cerita tetap tidak autentik dikarenakan adanya karakter tambahan yang tidak ada dalam cerita aslinya, sehingga mempengaruhi autentikasi mitologi yang disampaikan. Untuk mengedukasi masyarakat mengenai mitologi Nordik, maka dibutuhkan media yang menarik namun juga dapat menyampaikan suatu pesan tersebut dengan tidak mengubah unsur khas dari mitologi tersebut. Survei dilakukan kepada 53 responden remaja dan fans dari franchise Marvel. Dari hasil survey, 88% responden belum pernah menggunakan aplikasi motion comic, namun tertarik untuk mencoba aplikasi motion comic. Melalui hasil survei tersebut, dibuatlah sebuah motion comic bertema Mitologi Nordik untuk memenuhi tujuan yang telah ditetapkan. Hasil desain akan diimplementasikan dan memiliki beberapa pilihan, diantaranya adalah Mulai Cerita, Jurnal, dan Kredit. Mulai Cerita akan memulai cerita dari awal hingga akhir, dengan mini game di tengah-tengah. Jurnal adalah kumpulan dari informasi mengenai Perang Ragnarok, dan Kredit berisi nama-nama pihak yang turut campur tangan dalam pembuatan motion comic Ragnarok. Pembuatan motion comic ini menggunakan beberapa program. Tahap verifikasi dan validasi dilakukan setelah implementasi telah selesai. Aplikasi ini dapat membantu remaja dan dewasa untuk memahami cerita mitologi Perang Ragnarok, berdasarkan hasil validasi yang telah dilakukan. Kata kunci: mitologi, motion comic, norse, perang, ragnarok
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Králová, Magda. "Classical or Old Norse myth? German and Danish approaches to the use of myth in the modern literature at the turn of the 19th century." Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 61, no. 1 (May 17, 2022): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/068.2021.00008.

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Abstract In the study, I provide a comparative overview of the aesthetical debate that took place at the turn of the 18th and 19th century in Germany and Denmark concerning the use of the Old Norse versus the classical mythology in literature. I discuss Johann Gottfried Herder’s ideas on this topic, expressed in his work Vom neuern Gebrauch der Mythologie (1767) and especially in his dialogue Iduna oder der Apfel der Verjüngung (1796), with focus on the following question: Does the rejuvenating potential of the Norse myth as suggested by Herder in Iduna, allow any room for the classical inspirations in modern literature? Herder’s view will provide a starting point of the comparison for the cultural situation in Denmark where the University of Copenhagen announced in 1800 a prize question on aesthetics “Would it benefit Northern polite literature if ancient Northern mythology were introduced and generally accepted by our poets in place of its Greek counterpart?”. The entries in this contest represented the view of the younger generation, namely Adam Oehlenschläger, Jens Møller and Ludvig Stoud Platou. I summarize their views and examine Herder’s influence on the debate.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Norse mythology"

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Bek-Pedersen, Karen. "Nornir in Old Norse mythology." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29143.

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The primary object of the thesis is to discuss a particular group of female supernatural beings called ‘nornir’ and their relationship to the Old Norse concept of fate. Although well-known and often mentioned in scholarship dealing with Old Norse culture, these beings are all too often dealt with in overly superficial ways. The research presented in the thesis seeks to go much deeper in order to properly understand the nature and role of ‘nornir’ in the Old Norse world view, and the conclusions reached importantly overturn a number of stereotypical conceptions that have long dominated our understanding of ‘nornir’. The discussion of these beings falls into four main chapters: a discussion of the similarities and differences between ‘nornir’ and several other kinds of female supernatural beings; a discussion of certain symbolic aspects relating the dwelling place of the ‘nornir’ to their strongly feminine nature; a discussion of the well-established image in which fate is represented through different kinds of textile work, and the problems that surround this metaphor in the Old Norse sources; and a discussion of the Old Norse vocabulary relating to fate and the quasi-legal aspects of the ‘nornir’. The thesis focuses on Old Norse culture and uses predominantly Old Norse source material. Comparative material, especially Celtic, Anglo-Saxon and Classical, is, however, employed when this is thought to be relevant.
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Tolley, Clive. "A comparative study of some Germanic and Finnic myths." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358575.

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Furuko, Kaoru. "Surt's diaries : how the world was created according to Norse mythology." Thesis, Konstfack, Grafisk Design & Illustration, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:konstfack:diva-5126.

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Krause-Loner, Shawn Christopher. "Scar-Lip, Sky-Walker, and Mischief-Monger the norse god Loki as trickster /." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1063416355.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Miami University, Dept. of Comparative Religion, 2003.
Title from first page of PDF document. Document formatted into pages; contains 72 p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-72).
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Twycross, Fiona. "Approaching Ragnarok : use of Norse mythology in late twentieth century Scandinavian literature." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/22706.

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The core premise in this thesis is that each generation rediscovers and reinterprets mythology from its own perspective; and that individual authors within each generation make intertextual use of mythology accordingly. With this premise in mind I will examine the intertextual use, interpretation, and revision of Norse mythology, particularly the material from Snorri's Edda and the Poetic Edda, in Scandinavian literature of the 1980s and early 1990s. Through an analysis of the use of mythology by individual authors, I aim to examine the appeal of myth generally, both to authors and readers, and will discuss how the presence of mythological material in literature can reinforce the underlying ideology in the work as a whole, and may also influence the reader's receptiveness to the work. Alongside this, the works will be analysed individually in their social and literary context. The thesis will be divided into three sections. The first section will introduce the earliest literary accounts of Norse mythology, and the cosmology they depict. The re-use of the mythology in literature generally will be discussed, and the tradition of literary re-use of Norse mythology will be presented. The second section will form the main body of the thesis. The first chapter will provide a brief survey of the works to be covered. These are taken from across Scandinavia - primarily from Denmark and Norway. In all the works, which range from post-modern poetry to picture books for children, the use of Norse mythology is a central element. The works will then be analysed in individual chapters. The first four of these (2-5) examine the use of myth in novels: Ragnarok [The Downfall of the Gods] (1982) by Danish author Villy Sørensen; Kärleksguen Frö [The Love God Freyr] (1988) by Swedish writer Torgny Lindgren; Gunnlaðar saga [The Story about Gunnlod] (1987) by Icelandic writer Svava Jakobsdóttir; and Norwegian Vera Henriksen's Ravn og Due [Raven and Dove] (1991). These will be analysed in turn showing how they utilise similar material with a variety of results.
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Reed, Patrick Edward. "Flux." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1489496995093965.

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Johnson, Sean Aram. "Fog on the Barrow Downs: Celtic Roots of Tolkien's Mythology." Thesis, Boston College, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/1375.

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Thesis advisor: Philip O'Leary
This paper takes the opportunity to examine some of the lesser known roots the fictional world, Middle Earth, and its accompanying mythology, both created by J.R.R. Tolkien. It is concerned with tracing the elements of Celtic myth and legend that appear to have influenced Tolkien’s work. While he is ambiguous on the subject – flatly denying Celtic influences in one letter, while stating that his stories of Elves are rather Celtic – consulting the text yields a world rife with Celtic underpinnings. This paper makes no claims that such Celtic elements are the only myths Tolkien borrowed from, but attempts to give a compelling case that they some of the elements Tolkien used when creating Middle Earth and, consequently, are worthy of being introduced into the discussion of Tolkien’s extraordinary mythology
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2010
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: English Honors Program
Discipline: English
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Avis, Robert John Roy. "The social mythology of medieval Icelandic literature." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2837907c-57c8-4438-8380-d5c8ba574efd.

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This thesis argues that the corpus of Old Norse-Icelandic literature which pertains to Iceland contains an intertextual narrative of the formation of Icelandic identity. An analysis of this narrative provides an opportunity to examine the relationship between literature and identity, as well as the potency of the artistic use of the idea of the past. The thesis identifies three salient narratives of communal action which inform the development of a discrete Icelandic identity, and which are examined in turn in the first three chapters of the thesis. The first is the landnám, the process of settlement itself; the second, the origin and evolution of the law; and the third, the assimilation and adaptation of Christianity. Although the roots of these narratives are doubtless historical, the thesis argues that their primary roles in the literature are as social myths, narratives whose literal truth- value is immaterial, but whose cultural symbolism is of overriding importance. The fourth chapter examines the depiction of the Icelander abroad, and uses the idiom of the relationship between þáttr (‘tale’) and surrounding text in the compilation of sagas of Norwegian kings Morkinskinna to consider the wider implications of the relationship between Icelandic and Norwegian identities. Finally, the thesis concludes with an analysis of the role of Sturlunga saga within this intertextual narrative, and its function as a set of narratives mediating between an identity grounded in social autonomy and one grounded in literature. The Íslendingasögur or ‘family sagas’ constitute the core of the thesis’s primary sources, for their subject-matter is focussed on the literary depiction of the Icelandic society under scrutiny. In order to demonstrate a continuity of engagement with ideas of identity across genres, a sample of other Icelandic texts are examined which depict Iceland or Icelanders, especially when in interaction with non-Icelandic characters or polities.
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Stanciu, Radu Razvan. "Attitudes towards Paganism in Medieval Irish and Old Norse Texts of the Trojan War." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2016. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/290141.

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The thesis compares the depictions of paganism found in the Middle Irish Togail Troí ('The Destruction of Troy'; first half of the twelfth century) and the Old Norse Trójumanna saga ('The Story of the Trojans'; first half of the thirteenth century), which are both based on Dares Phrygius's Late Antique De excidio Troiae historia. The two vernacular adaptations are presented in the wider context of the medieval popularity of Dares's text. The in-depth analysis of the pagan references (most of which relate to mythology and ritual), reveals Togail Troí's and Trójumanna saga's general source-based approach and their shared reliance on Latin mythographic scholarship, but also a different approach concerning the literary presentation of paganism. The Irish text's 'Christian' approach to the issue (as seen through authorial comments and historical contextualisation) is shown to be in contrast to the Norse text's 'classicising' approach (i.e. paganism presented as in the classical sources themselves). The findings of this analysis are then compared with the literary attitudes towards paganism encountered in medieval Irish and Norse texts more widely (especially in those set in Ireland or Nordic countries). This comparison reveals a general sympathy for many pagan characters that finds some parallels in the Trojan texts as well, but also a different representation of pagan deities in the two traditions. Indeed, the Irish tendency to avoid depicting the gods as such and the opposite Norse tendency, to portray them in an explicit way (often from a pagan point of view), mirror the evidence furnished by Togail Troí and Trójumanna saga. The literary attitudes to paganism and particularly towards mythology, which are encountered in the two texts, are further explored from the point of view of authorship. It is shown that the Irish author is writing in a historiographical mould, while the Norse author is writing in what could be described as a mythographical mould. Two complementary lines of interpretation are sketched for this phenomenon. The first one emphasises the existence of two different cultures of dealing with paganism in Irish and Norse literature respectively. The second line of interpretation draws to the fore two different approaches to the author-text relationship, examined through the framework of medieval literary theory. The final chapters highlight the importance of the research both for our understanding of the unique and complex literary cultures of medieval Ireland and Iceland and for the light that can be shed on the multifaceted relationship between authors and texts in medieval literature through the prism of paganism.
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Talvitie, T. (Tiina). "From divine to earthly:ravens and crows in Celtic and Norse mythology before and after the emergence of Christianity." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2017. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201705181929.

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This thesis studies ravens and crows in Celtic and Norse mythology before and after the emergence of Christianity. There are five research questions the thesis concentrates on. First, are there any shared meanings in Celtic and Norse mythologies with regard to ravens and crows, and in what respect do these meanings differ in Celtic and Norse mythologies? The second research question is whether there are any possible reasons behind Celtic and Norse mythologies using these birds in a (possibly) similar manner in some context, and in a (possibly) different manner in the other. The question as to whether the use of raven and crow in these epics is interchangeable is also looked into. Fourth, after looking into ravens and crows in the Celtic and Norse mythologies, their symbolical meanings in The Bible are studied. Finally, by comparing these meanings the aim of this thesis is to find out whether emerging of Christianity would have, based on these texts, changed the way people regard these birds. The research material consists of three texts: The Táin, Edda and The Doauy-Rheims Bible, The Táin being an Irish epic, Edda a Norse epic and Doauy-Rheims Bible a translation from The Vulgate Bible. The theoretical background section of this thesis sheds some light on how Christianity gained ground in Ireland and Nordic countries. The findings show that the way ravens and crows are portrayed in The Táin and Edda are somewhat similar, however, there seems to be difference in how natural these birds and their actions appeared to people. These birds are used in a rather intermixed way in both of the epics, but in some contexts Edda separates crows to be somewhat inferior to ravens. The Bible brings a different view on how these birds are perceived. They are created by God, inferior to him and humans. Therefore, a continuum can be established from The Táin where crows and ravens are closest to deities and their actions are perceived to be natural, to Edda where these birds were deemed as part of life of humans and deities but, for example, gods and goddesses do not transform to ravens or crows as in The Táin. In Edda, ravens’ and crows’ feeding on carrion is not seen quite as natural as in The Táin. In The Bible, then, these birds are valued as part of Creation but they are clearly inferior to God and humans. Thus, based on the research material, emergence of Christianity has brought with it a different relationship to nature
Tutkielma käsittelee korppeja ja variksia kelttiläisessä ja muinaisnorjalaisessa mytologiassa ennen ja jälkeen kristinuskoa. Tutkimuskysymyksiä on viisi. Ensimmäisenä tutkitaan, onko kelttiläisessä ja muinaisnorjalaisessa mytologiassa yhteisiä merkityksiä korpeille ja variksille sekä miltä osin merkitykset taas eroavat toisistaan. Toinen tutkimuskysymys on, löytyykö mahdollisia syitä sille, miksi kelttiläisessä ja muinaisnorjalaisessa mytologiassa käytetään näitä lintuja (mahdollisesti) samalla tavalla jossain asiayhteydessä ja (mahdollisesti) eri tavalla toisessa asiayhteydessä. Tutkielma käsittelee myös sitä, onko korppi- ja varis- nimityksiä käytetty rinnasteisesti. Kun on käsitelty korppeja ja variksia kelttiläisessä ja muinaisnorjalaisessa mytologiassa, tutkitaan näiden lintujen symbolisia merkityksiä Raamatussa. Lopuksi vertailemalla näitä merkityksiä pyritään ottamaan selvää — perustuen tutkimusmateriaalina käytettyihin teksteihin — ihmisten suhtautuminen korppeihin ja variksiin muuttunut kristinuskon tulon jälkeen. Tutkimusmateriaali koostuu kolmesta tekstistä: The Táinista, Eddasta ja Doauy-Rheims -Raamatusta. The Táin on irlantilainen, Edda taas muinaisnorjalainen eepos, Douay-Rheims- Raamattu taas käännös Versio Vulgatasta. Tutkielman teoriaosuudessa käsiteltiin sitä, miten kristinusko valtasi maaperää Irlannissa ja Pohjoismaissa. Tutkimuksen perusteella voidaan todeta, että korpit ja varikset esitetään sekä The Táinissa että Eddassa melko samalla tavalla. On kuitenkin havaittavissa ero siinä, kuinka luonnollisina nämä linnut ja niiden toiminnot näyttäytyvät ihmisille. Korppi- ja varis- nimityksiä käytetään molemmissa eepoksissa varsin rinnasteisesti, tosin Eddassa varikset nähdään joissain kohdin korppeja alempiarvoisina. Raamatun myötä tulee mukaan hiukan erilainen tapa nähdä korpit. Jumala on luonut ne itseään ja ihmisiä alempiarvoisiksi. Näin ollen, tekstit voidaan nähdä eräänlaisena jatkumona The Táinista jossa varikset ja korpit ovat lähinnä jumalia ja niiden toiminta nähdään luonnollisena, Eddaan, jossa nämä linnut nähtiin osana ihmisten ja jumalten elämää mutta esimerkiksi The Táinista löytyvä jumalten muuntautuminen näiksi linnuiksi puuttuu Eddasta. Eddassa myöskään korppien ja varisten haaskansyöntiä ei nähdä niin luonnollisena tapahtumana kuin The Táinissa. Jatkumon toisessa päässä on Raamattu, jossa näitä lintuja kyllä pidetään arvossa siinä mielessä, että ne ovat osa luomakuntaa, mutta ne ovat selvästi Jumalaa ja ihmisiä alempiarvoisia. Näin ollen tutkimusmateriaalin perusteella kristinuskon rantautuminen toi mukanaan toisenlaisen luonto-suhteen
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Books on the topic "Norse mythology"

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Ollhoff, Jim. Norse mythology. Edina, MN: ABDO, 2011.

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Davidson, Hilda Roderick Ellis. Viking & Norse mythology. London: Chancellor, 1996.

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Davidson, Hilda Roderick Ellis. Scandinavian mythology. New York: Peter Bedrick Books, 1987.

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Davidson, Hilda Roderick Ellis. Scandinavian mythology. New York: Peter Bedrick Books, 1986.

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Eekhout, Greg Van. Norse code. New York: Spectra, 2009.

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Crossley-Holland, Kevin. The Norse myths. London: Folio Society, 1989.

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Mann, Jeff. Ash: Poems from Norse mythology. Bar Harbor, Me: Rebel Satori Press, 2011.

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Frog and Joonas Ahola. Folklore and old Norse mythology. Helsinski: Kalevala Society, 2021.

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Norse Mythology. London, UK: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2018.

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Gaiman, Neil. Norse Mythology. Large Print Press, 2018.

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Book chapters on the topic "Norse mythology"

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Lindow, John. "Mythology And Mythography." In Old Norse-Icelandic Literature, 21–67. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/9781501741654-003.

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Lindow, John. "Memory and Old Norse Mythology." In Acta Scandinavica, 41–57. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.as-eb.1.101974.

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Schjødt, Jens Peter. "Contemporary Research into Old Norse Mythology." In Reflections on Old Norse Myths, 1–16. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.vmss-eb.3.4373.

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O’Donoghue, Heather. "5.6. English Romanticism and Norse Mythology." In The Pre-Christian Religions of the North, 383–90. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.pcrn-eb.5.115266.

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Schuppener, Georg. "The far-right use of Norse-Germanic mythology." In The Germanic Tribes, the Gods and the German Far Right Today, 37–74. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003206309-3.

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Skardhamar, Anne-Kari. "6.3.2. Norse Mythology in Nordic Children's Literature 1970-2012." In The Pre-Christian Religions of the North, 401–16. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.pcrn-eb.5.115709.

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Eriksen, Stefka G. "Translating Christian Symbolism into Old Norse Mythology in Thirteenth-Century Norway." In The Medieval Translator, 303–14. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.tmt-eb.5.109417.

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Hermann, Pernille. "Cultural Memory and Old Norse Mythology in the High Middle Ages." In Acta Scandinavica, 151–73. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.as-eb.5.109624.

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Eldevik, Randi. "6.2. Old Norse Mythology in Anglophone Fantasy and Science Fiction from 1940." In The Pre-Christian Religions of the North, 321–66. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.pcrn-eb.5.115707.

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Zernack, Julia. "9.1. Old Norse Mythology and Heroic Legend in Politics, Ideology and Propaganda." In The Pre-Christian Religions of the North, 465–83. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.pcrn-eb.5.115712.

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