Journal articles: 'North german'

1

Elcombe, Keith. "North German Baroque." Early Music XXVI, no. 1 (February 1998): 164–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/earlyj/xxvi.1.164.

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Kockel, F. "Rifting processes in NW-Germany and the German North Sea Sector." Netherlands Journal of Geosciences - Geologie en Mijnbouw 81, no. 2 (August 2002): 149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016774600022381.

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AbstractSince the beginning of the development of the North German Basin in Stephanien to Early Rotliegend times, rifting played a major role. Nearly all structures in NW-Germany and the German North Sea - (more than 800) - salt diapirs, grabens, inverted grabens and inversion structures - are genetically related to rifting. Today, the rifting periods are well dated. We find signs of dilatation at all times except from the Late Aptian to the end of the Turonian. To the contrary, the period of the Coniacian and Santonian, lasting only five million years was a time of compression, transpression, crustal shortening and inversion. Rifting activities decreased notably after inversion in Late Cretaceous times. Tertiary movements concentrated on a limited number of major, long existing lineaments. Seismically today NW-Germany and the German North Sea sector is one of the quietest regions in Central Europe.

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Yang, Chang-Seok. "Lessons of German Unification for Korea." International Bulletin of Mission Research 42, no. 2 (January 29, 2018): 106–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2396939318757166.

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Despite differences between Korea and Germany, German unification provides valuable lessons for Korean unification. Maintaining a dialogue channel between the two Koreas is critical for keeping peace and promoting reconciliation. It is also imperative that South Korean humanitarian work resume in the North. With humanitarian projects, South Korean NGOs can increase contact with ordinary North Korean people. “Change through contact” is a crucial method of demonstrating love for those in North Korea, promoting relationship-building and trust that may facilitate in creating a foundation for rebuilding North Korea and ultimately reuniting the Korean people.

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Rice, S. "North German Renaissance and Baroque." Early Music 37, no. 1 (February 1, 2009): 130–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/em/can137.

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Sondhaus, Lawrence. "Mitteleuropa zur See? Austria and the German Navy Question 1848–52." Central European History 20, no. 2 (June 1987): 125–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938900012577.

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The German navy of 1848–52 was born in the stormy sessions of the Frankfurt Parliament and died amid equally acrimonious debates in the diet of the restored German Confederation. Denmark's blockade of the North Sea and Baltic ports during the Schleswig-Holstein war inspired this first attempt to create a German battle fleet, and the temporary resolution of German-Danish differences, combined with the Confederation's unwillingness to assume responsibility for the warships, brought it to an early end. The scant scholarly literature on the first German navy tends to view it purely as a north German concern, but on this question, as in all other activities of the Frankfurt Parliament and German Confederation, Austria had a considerable voice in determining the outcome. During its four years of existence the fleet became a pawn in the greater Austro-Prussian struggle for hegemony over Germany.

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Epstein, Catherine. "Eastern German Film, 1945-2000." German Politics and Society 21, no. 3 (September 1, 2003): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/104503003782353466.

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Joshua Feinstein, The Triumph of the Ordinary: Depictions of Daily Life in the East German Cinema, 1949-1989 (Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 2002)Leonie Naughton, Film Culture, Unification, and the “New” Germany (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2002)

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Boettcher, Marita, Peter Hoffmann, Hermann-J. Lenhart, K. Heinke Schlünzen, and Robert Schoetter. "Influence of large offshore wind farms on North German climate." Meteorologische Zeitschrift 24, no. 5 (August 31, 2015): 465–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/metz/2015/0652.

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Röhling, Heinz-Gerd. "Regional characteristics of the Buntsandstein of the North German Basin (Germany)." Schriftenreihe der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften 69 (August 31, 2014): 269–384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/sdgg/69/2014/269.

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Schäfer, A., L. Houpt, H. Brasse, and N. Hoffmann. "The North German Conductivity Anomaly revisited." Geophysical Journal International 187, no. 1 (August 24, 2011): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2011.05145.x.

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KRASNOZHENOVA, ELENA E. "THE OCCUPANTS AND THE POPULATION OF NORTH-WEST RUSSIA DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR." CASPIAN REGION: Politics, Economics, Culture 66, no. 1 (2021): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21672/1818-510x-2021-66-1-016-023.

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The war of Germany against the USSR was based on the idea of expanding the "living space" of the German nation, capable of using the resources of the occupied territories of the Soviet republics for the benefit of its own development. The population of the countries destined for conquest must feed the German economy with man power resources, the natural reserves of their former territories will provide the economic needs of the German army and the entire German people. The most important tool for the economic use of the occupied territories was the tax system, the export of production equipment, property of organizations and citizens. For staffing industrial production in the occupied territories, labor exchanges were created, distributing the civilian population to work at local enterprises. The occupation caused enormous damage to the population, economy and economy of the North-West of Russia. The number of the local population, which was destroyed in concentration camps, was subjected to robberies and terror, and was mobilized for defensive and other work, significantly decreased. The population experienced constant hunger, only those who were involved in compulsory work in production received the minimum supply. A significant number of able-bodied citizens of the occupied regions of the North-West were sent to forced labor in Germany. The violent deportation of the population to Germany was accompanied by unprecedented cruelty and brutal reprisals. In the face of intensified repression, the process of mass entry of the rural population into partisan detachments began.

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Lehman, Brittany. "West German-Moroccan Relations and Politics of Labour Migration, 1958–1972." Journal of Migration History 5, no. 1 (April 25, 2019): 103–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23519924-00501001.

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In 1962, the Federal Republic of Germany (frg) agreed to negotiate a guestworker agreement with Morocco in order to create guidelines for handling 4,000 so-called illegal Moroccan migrants, most of whom lived in North Rhine-Westphalia. Unlike other guestworker agreements, this one was not about recruitment, but rather it was designed to restrict migration from Morocco, legalise the stay of Moroccans already in the country, and establish guidelines for future deportations. Looking at the history of the West German-Moroccan Agreement from its start until its termination in 1973, this article provides a discussion of Moroccan labourers access to and legal status in West Germany, demonstrating how international and economic interests as well as cultural stereotypes of both Moroccans and Arabs shaped West German migration policies. In so doing, the article emphasises the West German federal and the North Rhine-Westphalian state governments’ different goals, revealing that the West German government was not a monolithic entity; it was in fact defined by multiple, sometimes contradictory, viewpoints and pressures.

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Stock, Thomas. "North Korea’s Marxism-Leninism: Fraternal Criticisms and the Development of North Korean Ideology in the 1960s." Journal of Korean Studies 24, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 127–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/21581665-7258081.

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Abstract During the 1960s, as the Sino-Soviet conflict raged on, North Korea, for the first time in its history, officially began to reject the USSR’s ideological leadership and instead tread its own path under the slogan of self-reliance. As a result, those forces aligned with the Soviet Union, especially East Germany, heavily criticized North Korea’s new ideological path. Drawing on the East German archives, this study seeks to understand the nature of fraternal criticisms and their implications for the development of North Korean ideology in the 1960s. Scholars typically stress North Korean ideology’s departure from Marxism-Leninism, sometimes suggesting a departure as early as the 1950s. The present study, based on a thorough reading of archival documents and North Korean materials, challenges such portrayals, arguing that North Korea remained in the Marxist-Leninist tradition even while contesting Soviet orthodoxy. Developments in North Korean ideology were far more gradual than is usually assumed, building on what came before. These developments were by no means revolutionary or removed from the global intellectual environment. The Soviets and East Germans could understand North Korean heterodoxy and engage with it in Marxist-Leninist terms, just as North Korea did with Soviet Marxism-Leninism—there was no fundamental ideological split.

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Krause, Till. "‘Amerrrika ist wunderrrbarrr’: promotion of Germany through Radio Goethe’s cultural export of German popular music to North America." Popular Music 27, no. 2 (May 2008): 225–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261143008004042.

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AbstractMuch has been written about the cultural, social and political impact of German popular music within the country, but the role of German popular music outside of Germany has not been sufficiently examined. The research presented here is designed to investigate an example of Germany’s export of contemporary popular music as state-sponsored promotion of its national (pop) culture. San Francisco’s weekly radio programme Radio Goethe – The German Voice, which distributes popular music from German-speaking countries to English-speaking audiences, is explored. The main purposes of this programme are to portray a modern Germany to a foreign audience and to arouse interest in the country. The weekly 60-minute series began airing in 1996 and is sponsored by the German federal government. Radio Goethe is carried by over thirty college radio stations in the USA, Canada and New Zealand, and in 2004 the German creator and host of the series received a Federal Cross of Merit (Bundesverdienstkreuz) for his intercultural work. This article briefly documents the history of the series and critically examines the presentation, style and language of the music. The results of qualitative research on the meanings that listeners assign to the music – based on questionnaires and focus group interviews with American members of the show’s audience – are presented. This case study is framed within existing debates about the relationships between popular music, national identity, cultural representation, and state-supported music export. Data from interviews with the founder of the show and the cultural ambassador of Germany in San Francisco are analysed to clarify the goals of and assumptions behind the radio series.

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14

Stehle, Maria. "Youth Politics in the Postwar Germanies." German Politics and Society 26, no. 1 (March 1, 2008): 112–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/gps.2008.260105.

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Ruff, Mark Edward. The Wayward Flock: Catholic Youth in Postwar West Germany, 1945-1965 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2005)McDougall, Alan. Youth Politics in East Germany: The Free German Youth Movement 1946-1968 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2004)

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15

Basov, F. "German Policy in Weapons of Mass Destruction and European Missile Defense System Issues." World Economy and International Relations, no. 2 (2013): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2013-2-36-41.

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This paper offers the analysis of German Policy towards the Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) and creating of the European Missile Defence System. Special attention is given to a dislocation of the US Tactical Nuclear Weapon (TNW) in Germany, its policy towards nuclear programs of Iran and North Korea, the evolution of German stand on the European Missile Defence project.

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Gerling, Johannes Peter, Martin Blumenberg, Eckhard Faber, and Wolfgang Stahl. "Palaeozoic natural gas in Mesozoic North German oilfields – a remarkable observation." Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften 167, no. 2-3 (September 1, 2016): 281–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/zdgg/2016/0066.

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17

Bansal, A. R., G. Gabriel, V. P. Dimri, and C. M. Krawczyk. "Estimation of depth to the bottom of magnetic sources by a modified centroid method for fractal distribution of sources: An application to aeromagnetic data in Germany." GEOPHYSICS 76, no. 3 (May 2011): L11—L22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3560017.

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We propose a modified centroid method to compute the depth to the bottom of magnetic sources (DBMS) based on a fractal source distribution. This approach provides better estimates than the assumption of an uncorrelated source distribution. We apply our approach to a recently compiled homogeneous set of aeromagnetic data from Germany. The deepest DBMS values are found for some large basin areas, i.e., the Molasse basin and parts of the North German basin. Smaller DBMS were estimated for the Moldanubian region in southern Germany and the northern part of the North German basin. A comparison of DBMS with heat-flow data, crustal temperatures at 3-km depths, and Moho depth indicates that DBMS is controlled by the geothermal condition of the earth’s crust in Germany and lithologic changes. Although the Upper Rhine graben and the Moldanubian region are characterized by small DBMS, a change in DBMS values in northern Germany seems to be related to the Elbe lineament.

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18

Koch, Florian, and Kerstin Krellenberg. "How to Contextualize SDG 11? Looking at Indicators for Sustainable Urban Development in Germany." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 7, no. 12 (November 29, 2018): 464. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7120464.

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Agenda 2030 pursues a universal approach and identifies countries in the Global South and in the Global North that are in need of transformation toward sustainability. Therefore, countries of the Global North such as Germany have signed the commitment to implement the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, the SDGs need to be “translated” to the specific national context. Existing sustainability indicators and monitoring and reporting systems need to be adjusted as well. Our paper evaluates how three different initiatives translated SDG 11 (“Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable”) to the German context, given the specific role of cities in contributing to sustainable development. These initiatives included the official ‘National Sustainable Development Strategy’ of the German Government, a scientific initiative led by the ‘German Institute for Urban Affairs’, and a project carried out by the ‘Open Knowledge Foundation’, a non-governmental organization (NGO). This article aims to analyze how global goals addressing urban developments are contextualized on a national level. Our findings demonstrate that only a few of the original targets and indicators for SDG 11 are used in the German context; thus, major adjustments have been made according to the main sustainability challenges identified for Germany. Furthermore, our results show that the current contextualization of SDG 11 and sustainable urban development in Germany are still ongoing, and more changes and commitments need to be made.

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19

Ammon, Ulrich. "On the German Language in North Carolina." Die Unterrichtspraxis / Teaching German 27, no. 2 (1994): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3530985.

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20

Lerche, I. "The North German Basin: Some Unresolved Problems." Energy Exploration & Exploitation 17, no. 5 (October 1999): 277–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014459879901700506.

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Gardiner, Mark, and Natascha Mehler. "Introduction: German trade in the North Atlantic." AmS-Skrifter, no. 27 (January 6, 2020): 9–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/ams-skrifter.v0i27.282.

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Trade from 1400 onwards had an impact upon the North Atlantic region quite out of proportion to its volume. The opening of a ready market for dried fish, in particular, but also cloth, train oil and sulphur encouraged the production for export on a much larger scale than before. In return, a greater range of finished goods and raw materials was supplied by German merchants. Initially, trade was channelled through Bergen, but this system broke down, largely because English merchants sailed to Iceland. From the 1470s onwards, the number of German ships travelling to Iceland and Shetland increased. The Danish government struggled to control the trade in their North Atlantic territories, but first in the Faroes and later in Iceland, they sought to impose greater restrictions on foreign merchants. The Danes licensed ships to trade at certain ports and from 1601 attempted to restrict the trade to their own merchants. The introduction summarizes the history of German trade in the North Atlantic, and outlines its economic and cultural impacts.

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Malik, Hasan Yaser. "Contextualising Germen Involvement in CPEC through Wakhan Corridor and Gwadar Port as an Diplo-Economic Opportunity." Economics, Law and Policy 2, no. 1 (January 28, 2019): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/elp.v2n1p73.

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<em>Since seventh, eighteenth, nineteenth century Germany is maintaining diplomatic relations with China, Afghanistan and five Central Asian Republics respectively in Asian Region. Main facets of German interests in Asian Region have been diplomatic, economic and social development. Germans as a nation have always proved their worth by successfully dealing the challenges and rising to the status of a strong nation. Presently Germany is the biggest European economic power and is asserting to enhance it’s economic and diplomatic relations in Indo-Pacific and Asian Region. Apart from establishing trade link; mainly rail link with China and Central Asia it will be prudent to extend its access to Indo-Pacific Region well as part of “One Belt One Road Initiative” and “China Pakistan Economic Corridor” through Wakhan Corridor in North of Pakistan to Gwadar; North Arabian Sea Port of Pakistan. This route will provide land and sea access for Germany to billions of Asians and will enhance its diplo-economic influence in Indo-Pacific Region.</em>

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Bernem, Karl-Heinz van, Agmar Müller, and Jürgen Dörjes. "ENVIRONMENTAL OIL SENSITIVITY OF THE GERMAN NORTH SEA COAST." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1989, no. 1 (February 1, 1989): 239–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1989-1-239.

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ABSTRACT A contiguous region of tidal flats about 448 km (280 miles) long and up to 21 km (13 miles) wide extends along the North Sea coasts of the Federal Republic of Germany, The Netherlands, and Denmark. This region is called the Wadden Sea. It is of enormous value as a cleansing site for the North Sea water, as a nursery for young fishes, and as a feeding grounds for nearly all Palearctic species of wading birds and waterfowl. The proximity of important shipping routes and ports is a permanent threat, especially to the German part of the region, which became a national park in 1986. The results of several field surveys, conducted from 1976 through 1986, revealed the necessity of an ecologically based sensitivity map for oil spill contingency planning. To evaluate properly the great variety of possible conditions resulting from the interrelationships of biotic and abiotic parameters, a system was developed to encompass such features, including the persistence of oil in the sediment, and the vulnerability and regenerative capability of a large proportion of the biota. Species of halophytes, mammals, fishes, birds, macrofauna, meiofauna, and microphytobenthos were evaluated to determine their physiological and ecological sensitivities to oil contamination. The evaluation was made considering autecological and synecological parameters. To test the applicability of the technique, a map was made of the littoral zone between the Weser and Elbe Rivers. The results were accepted by the West German organization for the control of oil spills at sea (ÖSK). Mapping will be continued under the direction of the Geesthacht Research Center until 1992. Eventually the project will cover the entire German part of the Wadden Sea through the financial support of the GKSS, the Umweltbundesamt (UBA), the ÖSK, and the national park authorities. A data processing system is being established by the GKSS so that the results can be used not only for oil spill control but also for the analysis of the ecosystem and to help the national park bureaus fulfill their obligations.

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Götz, Jeremias, Konstantin V. Krutovsky, Ludger Leinemann, Markus Müller, Om P. Rajora, and Oliver Gailing. "Chloroplast Haplotypes of Northern Red Oak (Quercus rubra L.) Stands in Germany Suggest Their Origin from Northeastern Canada." Forests 11, no. 9 (September 22, 2020): 1025. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11091025.

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Northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) is one of the most important foreign tree species in Germany and considered as a major candidate for prospective sustainable forestry in the face of climate change. Therefore, Q. rubra was subject of many previous studies on its growth traits and attempts to infer the origin of various populations of this species using nuclear and chloroplast DNA markers. However, the exact geographic origin of German red oak stands has still not been identified. Its native range widely extends over North America, and the species can tolerate a broad range of environmental conditions. We genotyped individual trees in 85 populations distributed in Germany and North America using five chloroplast microsatellite and three novel chloroplast CAPS markers, resulting in the identification of 29 haplotypes. The new marker set enabled the identification of several new red oak haplotypes with restricted geographic origin. Some very rare haplotypes helped us narrow down the origin of Q. rubra stands in Germany, especially some stands from North Rhine-Westphalia, to the northern part of the species’ natural distribution area including the Peninsula of Nova Scotia, where the most similar haplotype composition was observed, compared to distinct German stands.

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Scully, Richard J. "‘North Sea or German Ocean’? The Anglo-German Cartographic Freemasonry, 1842–1914." Imago Mundi 62, no. 1 (December 4, 2009): 46–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03085690903319291.

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Lutz, Rüdiger Kalka, Christoph Gaedicke, Lutz Reinhardt, and Jutta Winsemann. "Pleistocene tunnel valleys in the German North Sea: spatial distribution and morphology." Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften 160, no. 3 (September 1, 2009): 225–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/1860-1804/2009/0160-0225.

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27

Zastrau, D., M. Schlaak, T. Bruns, R. Elsner, and O. Herzog. "Differences in Wind Forecast Accuracy in the German North and Baltic Seas." International Journal of Environmental Science and Development 5, no. 6 (December 2014): 575–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijesd.2014.v5.549.

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28

Wolfgram, Mark A. "The Processes of Collective Memory Research: Methodological Solutions for Research Challenges." German Politics and Society 25, no. 1 (March 1, 2007): 102–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/gps.2007.250106.

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Alon Confino, Germany as a Culture of Remembrance: Promises and Limits of Writing History (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2006)Wulf Kansteiner, In Pursuit of German Memory: History, Television, and Politics after Auschwitz (Athens: Ohio University Press, 2006)

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Makała, Rafał. "Nawiązania do tradycji nowożytnej w ceglanej architekturze wczesnomodernistycznej północnych Niemiec." Porta Aurea, no. 17 (November 27, 2018): 94–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.26881/porta.2018.17.04.

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One of the manifestations of the so called ‘conservative modernism’ was the reference to the brick building tradition in Northern Germany. The trend was primarily associated with the activities of Fritz Schumacher and Fritz Höger in Hamburg and Bremen in the 1920s and 1930s, but the genesis of this architecture dates back to the first decade of the 20th century and is associated with the attempts to shape North German patriotism. Just as in the art of neo-Gothic, brick architecture of ‘conservative modernism’ was meant to express the ‘North German Identity’, and in fact help in the creation of identities of the Bismarck Germany. Like the late neo-Gothic architecture, this architecture was perceived as a kind of ‘Hanseatic style’, reflecting the specificity (perceived in a mythologized way) of the Hanseatic League as a prefiguration of the New Germany and their power in maritime trade. Early-modern architecture continued to refer to the art of the past. However, the way of referring to the past changed: with only few quotes from the old art, with a considerable simplification of historical styles’ and so did the historical point of reference. In addition, the modernists became more interested in the brick building of the 17th and 18th centuries, the times of the Baroque and early Neoclassicism. Tis is evident in the works of the most important architects of North German modernism, including Fritz Höger, Fritz Schumacher, or Bruno Möhring but also works of lesser-known, though certainly interesting artists like Johann Garlef, Erich Blunck or Eugen Prinz. The interest of the North German architects of early modernism in brick construction is an element of a wider process that had been thriving in Northern Germany since the early 1900s. Interestingly enough, this process was equally intense in great artistic centres (Hamburg and Bremen) as well as in less-significant cities which were looking for their identity or tried to recreate it, as was the case in Kiel, Lubec or Szczecin. Tis paper is an attempt to show the evolution of this architecture and its most important features. The examples have been selected to show the most important characteristics of this architecture and its geographical range.

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Belyaev, Andrei N. "German-Slavic toponymic contacts in East Germany." Neophilology, no. 27 (2021): 434–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2587-6953-2021-7-27-434-443.

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We consider the issues of the relationship between the German language and the Sorbian language. The material of the study is the toponyms that are common in the territory that extends in the east to the course of the rivers Bober, Quays and Oder, in the north – to the vicinity of Berlin, and in the west goes beyond the Saale River. The relevance of the study is due to the desire for a more in-depth study of German-Slavic language contacts issues. The novelty of the work lies in the consideration of the issue in various aspects: language levels, sociolinguistic, areal. We study the mechanisms and properties of adaptation of Slavic toponyms at all linguistic levels, clarify the methodology for describing the integration process of borrowed toponyms, describe the phase’s characteristic of the integration process. We show that among the Slavs and Germans, semantic parallelism in the acts of nomination is often noted, due to the geographical environment. We establish that the linguo-geographic relations that developed during the German-Lusatian to-ponymic interaction are heterogeneous in nature. We conclude that interlanguage contacts in the field of toponymy were complex and did not have a monolithic character, as was previously be-lieved. As a prospect for further research, it is planned to study the Slavic Germanic place names in the Slavic languages.

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Trunov, F. "Relations between Germany and the Countries of North Africa." World Economy and International Relations 65, no. 8 (2021): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2021-65-8-61-71.

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The article examines the process of the growing German political and military activity in North Africa during the second half of the 2010s. The first key reason of this process was the new awareness of the regional role in the ensuring of Germany’s and the EU security. During and after the “Arab Spring”, the interstate “corridor of instability” arose. It went from Mali further to Niger and Libya which has been facing permanent instability after the intervention of the group of Western countries (2011, without German participation). The full-fledged functioning of the “corridor of instability” could cause the worse version of the refugee crisis and growing terrorist activity than it was in the EU in 2015–2016. The second reason was the necessity to ensure Berlin`s strong political-military positions in North Africa for the realization of Germany`s ambitions as a future world power. The research examines the features and “narrow places” of interstate cooperation in the security sphere between Germany and Tunisia, Egypt, Algeria. Germany became a senior partner for Tunisia in 2015–2017, and positioned these relations as exemplary. Since 2015–2016, Germany and Egypt have been supporting the realization of each other’s leadership ambitions. The key elements of this tactic have been the cooperation in Syrian and Libyan armed conflicts regulation and launch of the EU–LAS negotiation format (2019). The article also shows the dynamics of partnership between Germany and Algeria, paying special attention to bilateral cooperation in the sphere of the Mali, Libyan and Western Sahara conflicts regulation. The transition of Germany’s bilateral relations with Egypt and Algeria to the level of advanced cooperation in the second half of 2010s caused a powerful growth of the FRG`s arms export to these countries. At the beginning of 2020, Germany launched the multilateral Berlin conference for resolution of the Libyan conflict. Germany’s late but rather successful involvement in the Libyan conflict management should ensure its efforts to become the external participant of the North African regional security system. The paper concludes about the perspectives of the FRG`s political-military line in the region considering the factor of COVID 19 pandemic.

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Pissowotzki, Nicole. "Colonial Fantasies, Narrative Borders, and the Canadian North in the Works of Germany's Colin Ross(1885-1945)." Nordlit 13, no. 1 (March 1, 2009): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/13.1469.

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This paper argues that the Canadian North is a discursive construction, within which German colonial fantasies emerge. In particular, I argue that it is through bordering that colonial fantasies of German Lebensraum ("living space") in the Canadian North are brought into being. I further argue that the German biologist and geographer Friedrich Ratzel (1844-1904), with his view of the "organic state," provides the ideological framework for colonial fantasies in the travel writings of Colin Ross.I focus on the writer's colonial imagination and his perception of borders, and on how both relate to the Canadian North. I show that seemingly bare geographical information and demographical data, provided in Ross' travelogues, carry colonial fantasies of German spaces in the Canadian North. Those spaces are bordered by "shared histories" and "narrative boundaries," thus constructing a collective German colonial identity (cf. Eder 2006, 255-257).

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Schindler, U., and L. Müller. "Data of hydraulic properties of North East and North Central German soils." Earth System Science Data 2, no. 2 (July 15, 2010): 189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-2-189-2010.

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Abstract. The paper presents a data base of soil physical and hydrological properties of North East and North Central German soils. Included are measured data of the soil water retention curve and the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity function. Information on geo-reference, soil type and horizon are given. Soil hydraulic functions were measured with the evaporation method. The applied measurement technique is described and information to actual innovations and advanced technology is given. Additional soil physical data like particle size distribution, dry bulk density, organic matter content and other variables are presented. The data base includes original measurement results of 278 organic and of 497 mineral soil samples from 103 sites. The mineral soils cover a wide range of texture classes and dry bulk densities. The organic soils and samples represent different states of decomposition and mineralization. Furthermore hydraulic functions are included of soils anthropogenically altered by deep plough sand covering measures.

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Mokros, Andreas, Elmar Habermeyer, Craig S. Neumann, Frank Schilling, Robert D. Hare, and Reinhard Eher. "Assessment of Psychopathy in Austria." European Journal of Psychological Assessment 30, no. 4 (January 1, 2014): 243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000177.

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The Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) is a clinician rating instrument for psychopathic personality disorder. Although the instrument is routinely used in forensic assessment in Austria, Germany, and Switzerland, data on its psychometric properties in German-speaking countries are lacking. Based on a national sample of adult male sexual offenders assessed at a federal evaluation unit in Austria (N = 1,046), reliability and factor structure were estimated. More specifically, measurement invariance was assessed with respect to the North American normative data of male offenders. In the sample, the PCL-R achieved similar levels of reliability as those reported in the manual for North American male offenders. According to confirmatory factor analysis, a four-factor model of psychopathy described the data well. More specifically, weak measurement invariance (i.e., equivalence of loadings, not of thresholds) held in comparison with the North American data. The present findings support the suitability of the PCL-R for assessment purposes in German-speaking countries. However, the total score is not directly comparable to North American data given that only weak measurement invariance was observed.

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Bryce, Benjamin. "Entangled Communities: Religion and Ethnicity in Ontario and North America, 1880–1930." Journal of the Canadian Historical Association 23, no. 1 (May 22, 2013): 179–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1015732ar.

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This article examines the relationship between religion, ethnicity, and space in Ontario between 1880 and 1930. It tracks the spread of organized Lutheranism across Ontario as well as the connections that bound German-language Lutheran congregations to the United States and Germany. In so doing, this article seeks to push the study of religion in Canada beyond national boundaries. Building on a number of studies of the international influences on other denominations in Canada, this article charts out an entangled history that does not line up with the evolution of other churches. It offers new insights about the relationship between language and denomination in Ontario society, the rise of a theologically-mainstream Protestant church, and the role of institutional networks that connected people across a large space. The author argues that regional, national, and transnational connections shaped the development of many local German-language Lutheran communities in Ontario.

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Zimmer, Oliver. "One Clock Fits All? Time and Imagined Communities in Nineteenth-Century Germany." Central European History 53, no. 1 (March 2020): 48–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938919000955.

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AbstractMany Germans defended local time well beyond 1893, when Germany adopted a time standard bearing on the life of the entire nation. Yet the defining feature of Germany's temporal landscape was its multilayered nature, with North and South adopting different temporal regimes and undergoing different experiences. Focusing on the spread of (railway-induced) standard time and the responses it provoked, this article offers an investigation of German time culture in the nineteenth century. Out of curiosity and because their lives depended on it, Germans took an interest in obtaining the right time from the frequently contradictory horological landscapes they inhabited. Yet their shared curiosity did not breed conformity. The inspectors of the station clocks concerned with accuracy and synchronicity; the townsfolk in southern Germany who fast-forwarded their favorite public clock in order to get to the station in time; the Prussian scientists and villagers who opposed railway time becoming public time—they all, in their own way, contributed to putting time back in its place.

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Handl, Vladimir, and William E. Paterson. "The continuing relevance of Germany’s engine for CEE and the EU." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 46, no. 3 (July 17, 2013): 327–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postcomstud.2013.06.007.

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The article looks first into the nature of the relations between Germany and the CEE countries a decade since the accession of the CEE countries to the EU. The relations are characterized as normalised and intensive with diverse levels of closeness and cooperation reflecting of the conceptual and ideological compatibility/differences. Next, the article focuses on the German attitude to the euro zone crisis. Germany has become a hegemon in the rescue effort aimed at stabilisation and economic invigoration of the euro zone. However, German hegemony has developed by default, not by design: her leading position is linked with considerable political and financial costs. Germany moved central stage and took the position of a reluctant hegemon. However, German role is contested internationally (it has not the support of the French government in key areas) as well as internally (particularly by the Federal Constitutional Court and the Bundesbank). The article argues that the new situation makes the German–CEE relations increasingly relevant for both sides. The German leadership of the EU increasing split along the north–south divide requires backing by the Northern group countries to which the CEE in general belongs. Given a number of reasons the CEE countries implement three distinctive strategies of co-operation with Germany in European politics. Also military co-operation, which remained rather limited so far, may receive new impulses, given the financial austerity.

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Scheibe, Reiner, Knut Seidel, Mario Vormbaum, and Norbert Hoffmann. "Magnetic and gravity modelling of the crystalline basement in the North German Basin." Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften 156, no. 2 (July 1, 2005): 291–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/1860-1804/2005/0156-0291.

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Lempp, Christof, and Ian Lerche. "Correlation of stress directions across the North German Basin: suprasalt and subsalt differences." Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften 157, no. 2 (June 1, 2006): 279–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/1860-1804/2006/0157-0279.

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Thöle, Hauke, Christoph Gaedicke, Gesa Kuhlmann, and Lutz Reinhardt. "Late Cenozoic sedimentary evolution of the German North Sea – A seismic stratigraphic approach." Newsletters on Stratigraphy 47, no. 3 (September 1, 2014): 299–329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0078-0421/2014/0049.

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Fenske, Hans. "Parlamentarianism in the North German Confederation, 1867–1870." Philosophy and History 19, no. 1 (1986): 71–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philhist198619147.

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Tyler-Schmidt, Linda, and Thomas Bauman. "North German Opera in the Age of Goethe." Notes 43, no. 4 (June 1987): 788. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/898160.

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Flaherty, Gloria, and Thomas Bauman. "North German Opera in the Age of Goethe." Eighteenth-Century Studies 21, no. 1 (1987): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2739044.

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Müller, Simon, Lutz Reinhardt, Dieter Franke, Christoph Gaedicke, and Jutta Winsemann. "Shallow gas accumulations in the German North Sea." Marine and Petroleum Geology 91 (March 2018): 139–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2017.12.016.

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McCann, T. "Pre-Permian of the north-east German Basin." Geological Journal 31, no. 2 (June 1996): 159–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1034(199606)31:2<159::aid-gj705>3.0.co;2-8.

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Stanley, Glenn, and Thomas Baumann. "North German Opera in the Age of Goethe." German Studies Review 10, no. 2 (May 1987): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1431119.

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Lahmann, Herbert. "Substantial rise in German exports to North America." Economic Bulletin 31, no. 11 (November 1994): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02235630.

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Langensiepen, M., H. Hanus, P. Schoop, and W. Gräsle. "Validating CERES-wheat under North-German environmental conditions." Agricultural Systems 97, no. 1-2 (April 2008): 34–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2007.11.001.

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Not Available, Not Available. "Strong Growth of German Exports to North America." Economic Bulletin 37, no. 3 (March 9, 2000): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101600050013.

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Spohr, Kristina. "Precluded or Precedent-Setting? The “NATO Enlargement Question” in the Triangular Bonn-Washington-Moscow Diplomacy of 1990–1991." Journal of Cold War Studies 14, no. 4 (October 2012): 4–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jcws_a_00275.

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Controversy arose in the mid-1990s when Russian officials accused Western governments of reneging on binding pledges made to Moscow in 1990 during German unification diplomacy. According to the allegations, Western leaders had solemnly promised that the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) would never expand beyond Germany into Central and Eastern Europe. Were such pledges ever made? Was the Soviet Union betrayed, and if so, by whom, how, and when? Or have various tactical comments been misinterpreted in hindsight? This article seeks to offer new answers to these questions by exploring not simply U.S.-Soviet-West German triangular diplomacy in 1990 but also the evolution of different approaches, ideas, and visions regarding Germany's security arrangements and the wider European security architecture. These ideas were floated publicly and privately, at home and abroad, by Chancellor Helmut Kohl, Foreign Minister Hans-Dietrich Genscher, and other senior West German officials. In showing how ultimately a “unified Germany in NATO” came about after months of intense diplomacy in 1990 to resolve the “German question,” this article refutes the recently made claim that the extension of full membership to the whole of Germany was a precedent-setting expansion of NATO.

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Journal articles on the topic 'North german'

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