Academic literature on the topic 'North Guild'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'North Guild.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "North Guild"
1
Van Valkenburgh, Blaire. "Locomotor diversity within past and present guilds of large predatory mammals." Paleobiology 11, no. 4 (1985): 406–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0094837300011702.
Full textAbstract:
The impact of environment, interspecific competition, and, to a lesser extent history, on the structure of the guild of large predatory mammals is explored in one fossil and four Recent communities. Two aspects are emphasized: (1) the number of species within each guild and (2) the extent of locomotor convergence as inferred from morphology among the constituent species. Locomotor behavior reflects habitat choice, hunting mode, and escape strategy, all of which appear to be important avenues of adaptive divergence among coexisting predators.Locomotor behavior in extinct and extant predators is determined from body weight and five measured characteristics of the postcranial skeleton, including ungual shape, elbow shape, and limb proportions. Results indicate that levels of morphologic and inferred ecologic similarity between large predators are higher in the tropical grassland guild of East Africa than in the equivalent guilds of either tropical or temperate forest. This may be due to the great density and diversity of terrestrial herbivores in the productive grasslands. The fossil guild, from the Late Chadron–Orellan (Oligocene) of North America, appears most similar to the tropical forest guilds, but the predators seem to have been slower and more robust than their modern counterparts. Since the Orellan represents an early stage in the evolution of large, fissiped carnivores, both ancestry and time could have influenced Orellan guild structure.
2
Segura-Trujillo, Cintya A., William Z. Lidicker, and Sergio Ticul Álvarez-Castañeda. "New perspectives on trophic guilds of arthropodivorous bats in North and Central America." Journal of Mammalogy 97, no. 2 (2016): 644–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyv212.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractTrophic guilds are useful concepts for advancing our knowledge of trophic structure of communities, dynamics of species interactions, redundancy in ecosystem services, resilience to disturbances, response to climate change, conservation strategies, etc. For insectivorous bats, current literature suggests 8 trophic-related guilds. These include 3 guilds based on the openness of foraging areas, 3 based on the style of feeding, and 2 recently proposed subguilds among gleaners. Some gleaners are “passive,” using densely cluttered vegetation in which echolocation is ineffective, and others are “actively” gleaning, using echolocation to procure prey. None of these guilds is based on the actual diets of bats. We analyzed 33 reports of diet composition representing 51 species of arthropod-feeding bats inhabiting North and Central America. We wanted to determine if the classical guild structure was concordant with the actual diets of bats and to compare guild structure in the Nearctic with that in the Neotropics. Discriminant function and principle component analyses generated 5 groups of genera based on the proportion of various arthropod taxa (mainly orders) in their diets. These groups were very different from classical guilds and showed almost no overlap among bat genera between the 2 continental regions. A similar analysis based on prey flying ability and hardness of their exoskeletons suggested 4 guilds that were more consistent with classical guild concepts, had higher rates of unambiguous guild assignment, and also showed major continental differences. Our results suggest a new arrangement of 4 guilds for arthropod-feeding bats in North and Central America that are based primarily on 2 features of their prey. New molecular techniques should allow us to build on this arrangement by significantly improving the taxonomic level of prey identification.Los gremios tróficos son conceptos útiles para la mejora de nuestros conocimientos sobre la estructura trófica de las comunidades, la dinámica de las interacciones entre especies, la redundancia en los servicios de los ecosistemas, la capacidad de resistencia a las perturbaciones, la respuesta al cambio climático, las estrategias de conservación, etc. Para los murciélagos insectívoros la literatura actual sugiere ocho gremios tróficos. Estos incluyen tres gremios basados en la apertura de las zonas de alimentación, tres con base en el estilo de alimentación, es decir, la búsqueda aérea, caza de arrastre sobre superficies de agua, y recolección de presas en superficies, además de dos sub-gremios propuestos recientemente para los de hábitos recolectores. Algunos gremios son “pasivos”, los cuales forrajean en espacios excesivamente saturados de elementos de vegetación y hacen un uso de ecolocación es ineficaz, y otros recolectores “activos” los cuales utilizan la ecolocación para adquirir presas. Ninguno de estos gremios se basa en las dietas reales de murciélagos. Se analizaron 33 artículos sobre composición de la dieta, los cuales representan 51 especies de murciélagos de alimentación de artrópodos que habitan en Norte y Centro América. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar si la estructura de los gremios clásicos era concordante con las dietas reales de los murciélagos, y comparar la estructura de los gremios entre las regiones Neártica y Neotrópical. En análisis de función discriminante y componentes principales se generaron 5 grupos de géneros con base a la proporción de los diferentes taxones de artrópodos (principalmente órdenes) contenidos en sus dietas. Estos grupos fueron muy diferentes de los gremios clásicos y mostraron casi ningún solapamiento entre los géneros de murciélagos de las dos regiones continentales. Un análisis similar con base en la capacidad de vuelo y la dureza de los exoesqueletos de las presas, ha apuntado a la conformación de cuatro gremios que estaban más en consonancia con los conceptos clásicos de gremio, tuvieron tasas más altas de la asignación inequívoca, y también mostró grandes diferencias continentales. Nuestros resultados sugieren un nuevo arreglo de cuatro gremios de murciélagos de alimentación de artrópodos en Norte y Centro América que se basan principalmente en dos características de su presa. Las nuevas técnicas moleculares deben permitir que construyamos sobre este acomodo, mejorando significativamente el nivel taxonómico de identificación presa.
3
Croft, Darin A., Russell K. Engelman, Tatiana Dolgushina, and Gina Wesley. "Diversity and disparity of sparassodonts (Metatheria) reveal non-analogue nature of ancient South American mammalian carnivore guilds." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 285, no. 1870 (2018): 20172012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.2012.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigates whether terrestrial mammalian carnivore guilds of ancient South America, which developed in relative isolation, were similar to those of other continents. We do so through analyses of clade diversification, ecomorphology and guild structure in the Sparassodonta, metatherians that were the predominant mammalian carnivores of pre-Pleistocene South America. Body mass and 16 characters of the dentition are used to quantify morphological diversity (disparity) in sparassodonts and to compare them to extant marsupial and placental carnivores and extinct North American carnivoramorphans. We also compare trophic diversity of the Early Miocene terrestrial carnivore guild of Santa Cruz, Argentina to that of 14 modern and fossil guilds from other continents. We find that sparassodonts had comparatively low ecomorphological disparity throughout their history and that South American carnivore palaeoguilds, as represented by that of Santa Cruz, Argentina, were unlike modern or fossil carnivore guilds of other continents in their lack of mesocarnivores and hypocarnivores. Our results add to a growing body of evidence highlighting non-analogue aspects of extinct South American mammals and illustrate the dramatic effects that historical contingency can have on the evolution of mammalian palaeocommunities.
4
Barnes, Gregory G., and Vernon G. Thomas. "Digestive organ morphology, diet, and guild structure of North American Anatidae." Canadian Journal of Zoology 65, no. 7 (1987): 1812–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z87-274.
Full textAbstract:
Discriminant function, cluster, and covariate analyses of gizzard, small intestine, and ceca weights were used to quantify the structure of feeding guilds and the effects of diet on gut morphology for 18 species of North American anatids. Guild structure based on gut measurements closely approximated that identified by generalized feeding habits. Herbivorous species such as Brant (Branta bernicla), Gadwall (Anas strepera), Redheads (Aythya americana), Canada Geese (Branta canadensis), and Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) consistently had heavier gizzards and ceca than carnivorous species such as Common Goldeneye (Bucephala clangula), Bufflehead (Bucephala albeola), Oldsquaw (Clangula hyemalis), and Common Mergansers (Mergus merganser). Omnivorous species such as Lesser Scaup (Aythya afftnis), Greater Scaup (Aythya marila), and American Black Ducks (Anas rubripes) were characterized by heavy gizzards, intermediate ceca, and heavy intestines. The results provide further evidence that intestine size is primarily influenced by overall diet diversity and suggest that gut size may be used to indicate general food habits. The ability of waterfowl to adjust gut sizes and accommodate dietary changes is restricted to ranges dictated by the most frequently eaten foods. Thus, predictions of general food habits can be made without knowledge of the foods being consumed at a particular time and location.
5
Motup, Tsewang, and D. N. Sahi. "Feeding guilds of the avifauna of District Kargil in Jammu and Kashmir State." Environment Conservation Journal 14, no. 1&2 (2013): 107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.36953/ecj.2013.141219.
Full textAbstract:
A survey of the avifauna of district Kargil was carried out using a combination of Line Transect method and Point Transect method to record the avifaunal diversity and their feeding guilds. The bird census was carried out from April 2010 to April 2012. The study area lies between 340 15' to 340 47' 30'' North latitudes and 75? 45' to 76? 3' East longitudes. The area constitutes a part of the Trans-Himalayas in Jammu And Kashmir State. The area is comprised of high rocky mountains with snow bound peaks and arid desert devoid of natural vegetation. The altitudinal range of the area varies between 2430m to 4192m above msl. The study revealed 102 species of birds. Six major feeding categories were considered viz. insectivorous, carnivorous, grainivorous, omnivorous, frugivorous and herbivorous. The highest number of bird species was observed to utilize more than one feeding guild followed by insectivorous, carnivorous, grainivorous and omnivorous bird species. Feeding guild of 1 species i.e., Black-crowned Night Hereon was not recorded during the study.
6
Pyenson, Nicholas D., and Geerat J. Vermeij. "The rise of ocean giants: maximum body size in Cenozoic marine mammals as an indicator for productivity in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans." Biology Letters 12, no. 7 (2016): 20160186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2016.0186.
Full textAbstract:
Large consumers have ecological influence disproportionate to their abundance, although this influence in food webs depends directly on productivity. Evolutionary patterns at geologic timescales inform expectations about the relationship between consumers and productivity, but it is very difficult to track productivity through time with direct, quantitative measures. Based on previous work that used the maximum body size of Cenozoic marine invertebrate assemblages as a proxy for benthic productivity, we investigated how the maximum body size of Cenozoic marine mammals, in two feeding guilds, evolved over comparable temporal and geographical scales. First, maximal size in marine herbivores remains mostly stable and occupied by two different groups (desmostylians and sirenians) over separate timeframes in the North Pacific Ocean, while sirenians exclusively dominated this ecological mode in the North Atlantic. Second, mysticete whales, which are the largest Cenozoic consumers in the filter-feeding guild, remained in the same size range until a Mio-Pliocene onset of cetacean gigantism. Both vertebrate guilds achieved very large size only recently, suggesting that different trophic mechanisms promoting gigantism in the oceans have operated in the Cenozoic than in previous eras.
7
Lesmeister, Damon B., Clayton K. Nielsen, Eric M. Schauber, and Eric C. Hellgren. "Spatial and temporal structure of a mesocarnivore guild in midwestern north America." Wildlife Monographs 191, no. 1 (2015): 1–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wmon.1015.
Full text
8
Williams, S. E. "Patterns of Mammalian Species Richness in the Australian Tropical Rainforests: Are Extinctions during Historical Contractions of the Rainforest the Primary Determinants of Current Regional Patterns in Biodiversity?" Wildlife Research 24, no. 5 (1997): 513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr96040.
Full textAbstract:
Distribution data on the mammals of the wet tropics have been used to analyse biogeographic patterns in assemblage composition and to correlate patterns of species richness with environmental factors such as climate and vegetation. Multivariate analyses suggest five different geographically separated assemblages of rainforest mammals. The most species-rich is found in the central uplands (Atherton Tableland) with a decrease in species richness to the north and south and with decreasing altitude. The most species-rich areas are characterised by large areas of rainforest with a rounder shape (low shape index), high annual rainfall, consistent rainfall in the dry season and a diversity of rainfall regimes within the area. Multiple-regression analysis suggests that the combination of rainforest area and shape explain the most variance (r2 = 0·74) in the patterns of species richness of rainforest mammals. Various measures of habitat diversity are also highly dependent on area, and a similar degree of the variance in species richness (r2 = 0·78) can be explained by using rainforest shape and habitat-diversity variables (rainfall and vegetation diversity) and excluding area. This suggests that the effect of area on the patterns of species richness is primarily due to its positive influence on habitat-heterogeneity factors in the regression. Analysis of the guild structure (number of guilds and the species richness within each guild) indicates that it is the number of species within guilds that most strongly affects patterns of species richness in rainforest, although the number of guilds also has an effect. Most of the variance in species richness can be attributed to three (primarily arboreal) guilds that have previously been shown to be the most extinction- prone species in the wet tropics. These patterns suggest the hypothesis that current patterns of mammalian species richness in wet tropics rainforest are primarily the result of localised extinctions in those areas most affected by Pleistocene contractions of the rainforest. The relative impacts of these contractions on each rainforest block are indexed by current area and shape.
9
Stroik, Laura K., and Gary T. Schwartz. "The role of dietary competition in the origination and early diversification of North American euprimates." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 285, no. 1884 (2018): 20181230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.1230.
Full textAbstract:
The conditions under which early euprimates (adapids and omomyids) originated and evolved is an area of longstanding debate. The leading hypotheses of euprimate origins promulgate diet as a core component of the early evolution of this group, despite the role of dietary competition in euprimate originations never being tested directly. This study compared three competition models (non-competition, competitive displacement, competitive coexistence) with observed patterns of dietary niche overlap, reconstructed from three-dimensional molar morphology, at the time of the euprimate radiation in North America (at the Paleocene–Eocene boundary). Overlap of reconstructed multidimensional dietary niches between euprimates and members of their guild were analysed using a modified MANOVA to establish the nature of the competitive environment surrounding euprimate origins in North America (an immigration event). Results indicated that adapids entered the mammalian guild in the absence of competition, suggesting dietary adaptations that were unique within the community. Conversely, omomyids experienced strong, but transitory, competition with nyctitheriids, suggesting that omomyids possessed the ability to out-compete this group. These results show that adapids and omomyids experienced different competitive scenarios upon their arrival (origination) in North America and confirm the significance of diet (and dietary adaptations) in euprimate origination and early diversification in mammalian communities.
10
Larner, Justin, Keith Cheverst, Matthew MacDonald, Cefn Hoile, and Angus Soutar. "The open source guild: creating more sustainable enterprise?" Journal of Management Development 36, no. 1 (2017): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmd-10-2014-0134.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to report on an action research project with two emergent micro-businesses that explored how their business model connected with the principles of open source. Design/methodology/approach The authors first gained initial qualitative data to establish the core values of each micro-business, which the authors then explored in the context of open source and business models in two design workshops with each organisation. Findings The authors developed the open source guild business model, which has the elements of: building a focal micro-business with resources secured through the guild, promoting learning and development through apprenticeship, promoting shared values through a commons of experience and capturing value by protecting key intellectual property. Research limitations/implications This research was undertaken with two emergent micro-businesses in the North West of England. Further research will be needed to establish the wider applicability of the open source guild model. Practical implications The open source guild model can be a mechanism for an emergent micro-business to create a community around their values and grow their business without conventional external investment of resources. Originality/value This research contributes to the literature on business models based on open source and how these models can be sustainable in terms of the quadruple bottom line, which extends the triple bottom line to include personal values and meaning.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "North Guild"
1
Haug, Ashley Sagers. "Diversity and Abundance of the Dark Kangaroo Mouse, Microdipodops megacephalus, in Communities of Nocturnal Granivorous Rodents in Western North America." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2404.
Full textAbstract:
The dark kangaroo mouse, Microdipodops megacephalus, is a sensitive species in the Great Basin Desert. This thesis explores the structure of desert rodent communities of the Great Basin to better understand M. megacephalus' place in the community and the conditions that promote large and stable populations. To determine community structure, I used nestedness analysis to evaluate 99 communities of nocturnal granivorous rodents. I found that the community structure was non-random, indicating the existence of assembly rules and ecological constraints. I also found that M. megacephalus was the second most vulnerable species in the community. To explore the correlation between species diversity and relative abundance, I performed regression analyses on M. megacephalus and five commonly co-occurring species of the nocturnal granivore guild: Perognathus longimembris (little pocket mouse), Perognathus parvus (Great Basin pocket mouse), Dipodomys ordii (Ord's kangaroo rat), Dipodomys microps (chisel-toothed kangaroo rat), and Peromyscus maniculatus (deer mouse). Results showed a positive correlation between rodent species diversity and relative abundance for M. megacephalus, P. longimembris, P. parvus, and D. microps, and a negative correlation for D. ordii and P. maniculatus. To further understand community composition, I ran interspecific association analyses based on presence-absence data for the six species using chi-square to determine strength of interspecific associations. I found positive interspecific associations between M. megacephalus and P. parvus, between P. longimembris and P. parvus, between P. longimembris and D. microps, and between D. microps and P. maniculatus, and a negative association between P. longimembris and P. maniculatus. A species cluster dendogram with respect to sites in common further supports the interspecific association results. A site cluster dendogram with respect to species abundances implies that dune habitat promotes diversity but not uniformity. All results indicate that M. megacephalus is more abundant and stable at sites with high species richness. The results also provide evidence for the existence of assembly rules, competition, and niche partitioning in desert rodent communities.
2
Paxton, Michael Taylor. "Effects on birds of different land-uses in north-eastern Botswana / Michael Taylor Paxton." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9530.
Full textAbstract:
A drive into the country will soon confirm the effects of agriculture on the environment. Different agricultural practices such as vast fields of monocultures, forests of exotic timber, and large intensive feed lots of livestock, will be evident. The need to provide food for an increasing population particularly in Africa is the driving force behind the intensification of agriculture. The production of increased food supply is often considered without knowledge of the impacts on the environment.
The North East District of Botswana is a small district compared to other districts of Botswana but unlike these large districts the population density is comparably high with a demand for agricultural space. Botswana is a desert margins area under threat of desertification with many signs of desertification being evident throughout the country. The main agricultural activity in the North East District is livestock farming with horticulture being practiced on the banks of sandy river beds. The district provided an ideal area to compare the impacts of different livestock farming techniques.
Four different approaches of livestock farming were examined with the number of livestock cattle in particular, being a noticeable difference and the grazing intensity of these cattle being another important difference. This study examined the impacts of these different grazing techniques on the environment with a particular reference to birds. Data was collected using a point count system with 28 points evenly spaced in a grid across the different land uses. Each point was subject to a total of six surveys with summer and winter having three surveys each. It was expected that bird numbers and species would be impacted by the grazing intensity while the different feeding and nesting guilds may also respond to grazing intensity. Statistical analysis included geostatistical analysis, uni-variant, mult-variant and non-metric multi-dimensional scaling.
The results show that birds were impacted by grazing intensity with species richness and bird numbers being negatively affected. However, feeding and nesting guilds were impacted differently. Climate change and land degradation are a reality and will impact on avian diversity and sound management practices need to be implemented to protect biodiversity in marginal areas.<br>Thesis (Master of Environmental Sciences)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013
3
King, Rebecca Frances. "Aspects of sociability in the North East of England 1600-1750." Thesis, Durham University, 2001. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1247/.
Full text
4
Barbosa, Jos? Elieudo Dias. "Din?mica espa?o-temporal em uma guilda de borboletas frug?voras no limite norte da Floresta Atl?ntica Nordestina." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2009. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/13053.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:10:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
JoseEDB_DISSERT.pdf: 1252363 bytes, checksum: d72ba53b4d6eea90138b2ec7108318a4 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2009-12-16<br>Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior<br>The extent of the Brazilian Atlantic rainforest, a global biodiversity hotspot, has been reduced to less than 7% of its original range. Yet, it contains one of the richest butterfly fauna in the world. Butterflies are commonly used as environmental indicators, mostly because of their strict association with host plants, microclimate and resource availability. This research describes diversity, composition and species richness of frugivorous butterflies in a forest fragment in the Brazilian Northeast. It compares communities in different physiognomies and seasons. The climate in the study area is classified as tropical rainy, with two well defined seasons. Butterfly captures were made with 60 Van Someren-Rydon traps, randomly located within six different habitat units (10 traps per unit) that varied from very open (e.g. coconut plantation) to forest interior. Sampling was made between January and December 2008, for five days each month. I captured 12090 individuals from 32 species. The most abundant species were Taygetis laches, Opsiphanes invirae and Hamadryas februa, which accounted for 70% of all captures. Similarity analysis identified two main groups, one of species associated with open or disturbed areas and a second by species associated with shaded areas. There was a strong seasonal component in species composition, with less species and lower abundance in the dry season and more species and higher abundance in the rainy season. K-means analysis indicates that choice of habitat units overestimated faunal perceptions, suggesting less distinct units. The species Taygetis virgilia, Hamadryas chloe, Callicore pygas e Morpho achilles were associated with less disturbed habitats, while Yphthimoides sp, Historis odius, H. acheronta, Hamadryas feronia e Siderone marthesia likey indicate open or disturbed habitats. This research brings important information for conservation of frugivorous butterflies, and will serve as baseline for future projects in environmental monitoring<br>Um dos hotspots da biodiversidade mundial, a Mata Atl?ntica encontra-se reduzida a apenas 7% de sua ?rea original. Ainda assim, apresenta uma das mais ricas faunas de borboletas do mundo. Borboletas s?o usadas com freq??ncia em avalia??o ambiental, pois mostram forte associa??o com plantas hospedeiras, microclima e padr?es de disponibilidade de recursos, sendo bons indicadores de diversidade e integridade ambiental. Este trabalho descreve a diversidade, composi??o e riqueza de esp?cies de borboletas frug?voras em um fragmento de Mata Atl?ntica do nordeste brasileiro, comparando a composi??o entre fisionomias distintas e sua sazonalidade. A ?rea apresenta clima tropical chuvoso com duas esta??es bem definidas, seca e chuvosa. As capturas foram feitas com 60 armadilhas do tipo Van Someren-Rydon, instaladas em seis unidades amostrais (10 armadilhas por unidade), que variaram desde uma ?rea aberta (p. ex. planta??o de coqueiros) at? ambientes de interior de mata. As coletas foram feitas entre janeiro e dezembro de 2008 por cinco dias consecutivos de cada m?s. Foram capturados 12090 indiv?duos pertencentes a 32 esp?cies. As esp?cies mais abundantes foram Taygetis laches, Opsiphanes invirae e Hamadryas februa, que somaram 70% do total das capturas. A an?lise de similaridade identificou dois grupos principais, o primeiro composto por unidades mais impactadas e/ou abertas e o segundo, com as unidades em mata ou ?reas mais fechadas. Foi observado um forte componente sazonal, com menos esp?cies e menor abund?ncia no per?odo seco e mais esp?cies e maior abund?ncia no per?odo chuvoso. A an?lise de K-means revelou que as escolhas das unidades superestimou a percep??o da fauna, sugerindo menos unidades distintas. As esp?cies Taygetis virgilia, Hamadryas chloe, Callicore pygas e Morpho achilles sinalizam ambientes menos perturbados, enquanto que Yphthimoides sp, Historis odius, H. acheronta, Hamadryas feronia e Siderone marthesia potencialmente indicam ambientes abertos ou impactados. Este trabalho traz informa??es importantes para a conserva??o das esp?cies de frug?voras, como tamb?m servir? de guia para futuros projetos de monitoramento ambiental
5
Björkhagen, Martin. "The Conflict in the Moluccas: Local Youths' Perceptions Contrasted to Previous Research." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23784.
Full textAbstract:
Den våldsamma konflikten på Moluckerna (1999-2002) porträtteras ibland i termer av motsättningar mellan kristna och muslimer. Denna studie problematiserar den bilden genom att analysera flera konfliktfaktorer som belyses ur två perspektiv.Det första syftet med denna studie var att jämföra tidigare forskning gällande konfliktfaktorer i Moluckerna med lokala ungdomars perception. Det finns en forskningslucka rörande ungdomarnas upplevelser av konflikten, vilket denna studie syftar till att överbrygga. Ett andra syfte var att analysera diskrepansen mellan den akademiska litteraturen och ungdomarnas underifrånperspektiv.Det avslutande syftet var att applicera teorin om kollektiv skuldkänsla för att förklara och analysera ungdomarnas minnen och uppfattningar om konfliktfaktorerna i Moluckerna. En kvalitativ fallstudieansats har valts eftersom den kan inkludera både djupintervjuer och en litteraturgenomgång. Sex djupintervjuer genomfördes i Indonesien som utforskade ungdomarnas uppfattningar. Den källkritiskt granskade litteraturgenomgången användes för att erhålla data från sekundärkällor angående samma konfliktfaktorer, som undersöktes I samband med intervjuerna.Den första delen av analysen visade att det finns en diskrepans mellan de två perspektiven när det gäller några av konfliktfaktorerna. Analysen av kollektiv skuldkänsla visade att ungdomarna bara upplevde en begränsad känsla av kollektiv skuld. Detta berodde på att alla strategier som minskar den kollektiva skuldkänslan var representerade i ungdomarnas uppfattningar. Den mest använda strategin var att beskylla några "svarta får", eller i detta fall, några provokatörer för skadan den egna gruppen orsakat den motsatta gruppen.<br>The violent conflict in the Moluccas (1999-2002) has occasionally been portrayed in terms of animosities between Christians and Muslims. This study problematizes that statement by analysing several conflict drivers seen through two perspectives.The first purpose of this study was to contrast previous research regarding conflict factors in the Moluccas to the perceptions of the local youths’. There is a research gap regarding the youths’ experiences of the conflict, which this study aims to bridge. A second purpose was to analyse discrepancy between the academic literature and the youths’ bottom-up perspective. The final purpose was to apply the theory of collective guilt to explain and analyse the youths’ memories and perceptions regarding the conflict factors in the Moluccas. A qualitative case study approach was adopted since it could include both in-depth interviews and an assessed literature review. Six in-depth interviews were conducted in Indonesia which explored the youth’s perceptions. The critically assessed literature review was used to obtain data from secondary sources regarding the same conflict factors, as was explored by the interviews.The first part of the analysis exposed a discrepancy between the two perspectives regarding some of the conflict factors. The collective guilt analysis found that the youths only seem to experience a rather limited feeling of collective guilt. This is because all strategies to reduce collective guilt were represented in the youths’ perceptions. The most used strategy was to blame a few ‘black sheep’, or in this context a few provocateurs for the harm inflicted by the in-group, towards the out-group.
6
Wen, Kuo-Chang, and 溫國彰. "Feeding Guild and Ontogenetic Diet Shifts of Tidepool Fish Assemblages in North and South Taiwan." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/34885481695234097109.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立海洋大學<br>海洋生物研究所<br>90<br>Tidepool is a specific marine ecological habitat, and effected by human beings increase daily. Thus, the ecological studies of tidepool have been noticed recently. However, the ecological investigations of intertidal fishes are few in these twenty years. The diet studies of intertidal fishes are also not enough. The aims of this study are to understand the trophic structure and dynamics of tidepool fishes.
Feeding guild is defined as a group of species uses the same or similar resource in a similar way. Food partition among intertidal fish assemblage is the main process to divide community structure. Hence, The identification and analysis of the feeding guild is important fundamental method to understand how the community organize and structure. Tidal pool fishes were collected with anesthetic-clove oil, and then the diet shift and feeding guild of fishes was analyzed with both gut contents and stable isotope. Fishes were collected from the tidal pools of Patotz, Yehliu, Aoti of northern Taiwan and Checheng, Hsiangchiaowan, Jiupeng of southern Taiwan during January and October 2001. We collected 17 families, 52 species of tidepool fishes, and the dominant families, Blennidae, Gobiidae and Pomacentridae are the main investigative fishes.
This study is the one of the fewresearches on intertidal fishes in tropical east Pacific Ocean, and also the few research of the diets of tidal pool fishes in Taiwan (tropical area). The main trophic structure of tidal pool fish assemblages in Taiwan was herbivores (33~52%). Comparing with the proportion of herbivores (4~16%) in temperate area, herbivores are morn dominant and important in Taiwan. Comparison between north and south Taiwan might be considered as the comparison between tropical and subtropical area. The results show that there is tendency of difference, but not significant. Spatial variations in the diets of tidal pool fishes show no significance, and the result is the same with the identical family or genus of fishes in other area. Seasonal changes in diet are discovered in herbivorous fishes of tidal pool. After comparing with abundance of food resource, seasonal diet shift pattern are relative with resource abundance was suggested. Most of tidal pool fishes in Taiwan have ontogenetic diet change. The food categories are changed and prey sizes are increasing during their growth. Feeding guild structure is determinately changing with ontogenetic diet shift existing. Hence using ontogenetic trophic unit as a feeding guild unit is more suitable. Stable isotope analysis is used to avoid the mistake of gut contents analysis, but also shows the same result with gut contents analysis. However, stable isotope analysis can not have high resolution as gut contents analysis. Another possibility is that food items are over partitioned in gut contents analysis, and not consist with the natural condition. Stable isotope analysis can not built the feeding guild with statistical significant as gut contents analysis is our unsolved problem. The feeding guilds built from gut contents analysis are not significant different in stable isotope analysis, too. Finally, we suggest that when feeding guild was built by gut contents analysis, assisted by the result of stable isotope analysis to make choices of food items. We believe the result of feeding guild will more consist with nature.
Books on the topic "North Guild"
1
White, Eileen. The St. Christopher and St. George Guild of York. BorthwickInstitute of Historical Research), 1987.
Find full text
2
White, Eileen. The St. Christopher and St. George Guild of York. University of York, 1987.
Find full text
3
White, Eileen. The St. Christopher and St. George Guild of York. University of York, 1987.
Find full text
4
White, Eileen. The St Christopher and St George Guild of York. [University of York], 1987.
Find full text
5
Tucker, Toba. Toba Tucker: A Shinnecock portrait : Guild Hall Museum, East Hampton, New York, 16 August-20 September 1987. Guild Hall of East Hampton, 1987.
Find full text
6
Harvey-Clark, Chris. Eastern tidepool and reef: North-central atlantic marinelife guid. Hancock House Publishers,Canada, 1997.
Find full text
8
Rodríguez-Sala, María Luisa. Científicos y actividad científica en la zona fronteriza del norte de México: Algunos aspectos de su institucionalización. Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales, UNAM, 1990.
Find full text
9
England and Wales. Sovereign (1625-1649 : Charles I). By the King: Whereas there hath fallen out an interruption of amitie betweene the Kings Maiestie and the most Christian king .. By Bonham Norton and Iohn Bill ..., 1985.
Find full text
10
Theatre Guild, Inc. of Winston-Salem, North Carolina., ed. Season's premiere: A collection of favorite recipes and seasonal party and decorating ideas from the Theatre Guild, Inc. of Winston-Salem, North Carolina. The Guild, 1986.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "North Guild"
1
Stabel, Peter. "Urban markets, rural industries and the organisation of labour in late medieval Flanders: the constraints of guild regulations and the requirements of export oriented production." In Comparative Rural History of the North Sea Area. Brepols Publishers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.corn-eb.3.302.
Full text
2
Mateos Royo, José Antonio. "Municipal politics and corporate protectionism: town councils and guilds in the kingdom of Aragon during the 16th and 17th centuries." In Comparative Rural History of the North Sea Area. Brepols Publishers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.corn-eb.3.304.
Full text
3
Eichler-Levine, Jodi. "Bezalel’s Heirs." In Painted Pomegranates and Needlepoint Rabbis. University of North Carolina Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469660639.003.0006.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter explores the dynamics of crafting communities among Jewish American women, with a particular focus on the Pomegranate Guild of Judaic Needlework—a North American organization founded in 1977. For the women of the Pomegranate Guild and other people in the study, the power of making things takes on extra meaning when it is done in groups, so much so that one participant called stitching together “magic.” The chapter also includes a study of a Pennsylvania synagogue knitting circle, and comparisons with Christian crafting groups such as the Prayer Shawl Ministry.
4
Goldstein, Robert M., and Thomas P. Simon. "Toward a United Definition of Guild Structure for Feeding Ecology of North American Freshwater Fishes." In Assessing the Sustainability and Biological Integrity of Water Resources Using Fish Communities. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003068013-9.
Full text
5
Claes, Koenraad. "Politicised Aestheticism outside London: the Quest and the Evergreen." In The Late-Victorian Little Magazine. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474426213.003.0006.
Full textAbstract:
Most late-Victorian little magazines were published from London, but elsewhere in Britain relevant journals were also produced, often functioning as the periodical organs of localised organisations that wanted to engage with the local communities in which they operated. The Arts & Crafts journal the Quest (1894–96), issued by the Birmingham Guild of Handicraft, ‘resisted any structural differentiation between the worlds of production and consumption, preferring the unified ideal of a community of producers meeting common needs through mutual cooperation’. Outside of England, writers of the budding Celtic Revival wrote for several little magazines, but few notable little magazines were set up before the early twentieth century. One notable exception was the Edinburgh-based Evergreen (1895–96), perhaps the late Victorian era’s best example of a conceptually integrated periodical, this time not only inspired by a local variant of the collaborative spirit characterising the Arts and Crafts journals, but also meant to exemplify an advocated ‘organic’ unity for the city where its producers lived and worked, and from there for Scotland and ‘North Britain’ at large.
6
Rexstad, Eric, and Knut Kielland. "Mammalian Herbivore Population Dynamics in the Alaskan Boreal Forest." In Alaska's Changing Boreal Forest. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195154313.003.0013.
Full textAbstract:
The population dynamics of boreal mammals differ strikingly from those of mammals in temperate and tropical ecosystems in their extraordinary fluctuations in abundance (Elton 1924). These fluctuations lead to strong top-down direct effects in which herbivores reduce the biomass of their preferred foods, such as birch and willow, and predators reduce the biomass of herbivores (Chapter 13; Sinclair et al. 2000). These effects are clearly demonstrated in experiments that exclude herbivores or their predators. Some authors have argued that bottom-up influences of food supply on herbivores are negligible because food augmentation to herbivores in the presence of predators had no detectable effect in reducing herbivore decline (Sinclair et al. 2001). Several members of the mammalian herbivore guild are also important as a human subsistence resource. Dynamics of moose (Alces alces) and snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus) can be altered by human harvest. Overexploitation by humans may reduce moose populations to densities where they can be predator-limited—the so-called predator pit (Messier 1994). In this chapter, we present information on dynamics of some mammalian herbivores in the Alaskan boreal forest and potential drivers that are responsible for these dynamics. We omit discussions of the dynamics of porcupines (Keith and Cary 1991), red squirrels (Boonstra et al. 2001a), and beavers (Donkor and Fryxell 1999), as studies of these species have not been conducted in Alaska’s boreal forests. Moose are thought to have arrived in Alaska during the Illinoian glaciation, about 400,000 yr B.P. (Pewe and Hopkins 1967). They may have retreated to refugia in central Alaska during subsequent glacial advances (Peterson 1955) and expanded at times when climate was warmer. Moose populations in North America have more than doubled over the past 30–40 years, to approximately 890,000 animals (Kelsall 1987). The Koyukuk River drainage in the northern interior, for example, is presently known for its large moose populations. However, the oral tradition of moose hunting in the Koyukuk is relatively recent. Native elders recall that, in their youth, moose were extremely rare and that moose did not figure prominently in the local subsistence economy until the 1930s.
7
Unger, Richard W. "Dutch Shipcarpenters' Guilds, C. 1400 To C. 1600 *." In Ships and Shipping in the North Sea and Atlantic, 1400-1800. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429426902-1.
Full text
8
Agridopoulos, Aristotelis. "Causes, Critique and Blame: A Political Discourse Analysis of the Crisis and Blame Discourse of German and Greek Intellectuals." In The Politics of Debt and Europe's Relations with the 'South'. Edinburgh University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474461405.003.0005.
Full textAbstract:
Discourses of crisis are always intertwined with aspects of causal investigation, critique and moral accusations. The European and Greek crisis has triggered a debate about debt and guilt in many countries. The creditor/debtor relation between the European North and South resulted in strong tensions within the EU. Particularly, in the most and the least affected countries, Greece and Germany, multiple debates have occurred about who is responsible for the debt crisis. Therefore, rich reflections and diagnoses on debates of crisis and guilt emanate from German and Greek intellectuals which range from internal and external subject constructions, guilt accusations, self-blaming and culturalisms, to a critique of capitalism and its power elites. The chapter uses the Essex School approach of political discourse analysis developed by Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe and their students to deconstruct crisis and blame discourses of selected intellectual and public figures from both countries like Yanis Varoufakis, Nikos Dimou, Stelios Ramfos and Wolfgang Streeck.
9
Stråth, Bo. "Economic Theory as Morality: Europe’s and the World’s North and South." In The Politics of Debt and Europe's Relations with the 'South'. Edinburgh University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474461405.003.0010.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter explores how the issue of historical debt and guilt was a core dimension of a moral message and how this message historically provided preconditions for bridging or deepening the two North-South divides, the European and the global. The chapter shows the connection between the European and the global divisions. It investigates the period since 1945 with a focus on the introduction of the euro. The two competing economic theories Keynesianism and neoliberalism constitute the backdrop of the chapter. Each of them had a hegemonic status for a specific period, with the 1970s as the divide. Although both argued that they were value-free economic theories, they were value-loaded with moral implications.
10
"The Problem of Failure in American History." In The Lost Lectures of C. Vann Woodward, edited by Natalie J. Ring and Sarah E. Gardner. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190863951.003.0016.
Full textAbstract:
C. Vann Woodward’s lecture compares two commemorations of the Civil War fifty years apart, one in 1911 and the other in 1961. The first one reflected sectional reunification predicated on a shared understanding of the tragic nature of war but also a sense that the conflict had solved the problem of sectional animosity. In so doing Woodward notes that whites in the North and South could only accomplish this by excluding meaningful African-American participation. The lecture then outlines the cycles of Reconstruction historiography, and looks at the dual psychological traumas the North and South experienced in the aftermath of Reconstruction. Woodward maintains that after the North emerged victorious from the war it failed to live up to its ideals, leaving wracked guilt, self-criticism, and remorse. The South emerged with a predilection for extortion, indignation, and extreme bellicosity, consistently blaming its own weaknesses on Reconstruction. Woodward suggests that historians should act as therapists, enabling the nation to come to terms with the psychological traumas triggered by the past.