Relevant bibliographies by topics / Northern Cities Vowel Shift

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Academic literature on the topic 'Northern Cities Vowel Shift'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 7 June 2025
Last updated: 2 August 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Northern Cities Vowel Shift"

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Gehringer, Patrick. "Arguing against Northern Cities Shift reversal: Counter-shifting in Michigan." Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America 7, no. 1 (2022): 5246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/plsa.v7i1.5246.

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I have analysed the vowels /i, ɪ, ɛ, æ, ʌ, u, ʊ, ɔ, ɑ/ across multiple regions in the state of Michigan. By organizing them by demographics of age, region, population-density, and sex, I identified that the Northern Cities Vowel Shift (NCS) is reversing as indicated in other areas of the Inland North, but its distribution among the demographic categories and the mechanism of reversal are inconsistent across Michigan and the rest of the Inland North. On account of this, I propose that we are not observing a “reversal” of the NCS, but a series of “counter-shifts.”
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Gordon, Matthew J., and Christopher Strelluf. "Working the Early Shift: Older Inland Northern Speech and the Beginnings of the Northern Cities Shift." Journal of Linguistic Geography 4, no. 1 (2016): 31–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jlg.2016.7.

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The complex series of vowel changes known as the Northern Cities Shift has been extensively documented over the last four decades across the broad territory of the Inland North dialect region. Little is known, however, about the origins of the shift, and there remain open questions about where the changes began and which vowel initiated the process. This paper examines such questions by analyzing the speech of several people born in the late 19th and early 20th centuries using archival recordings of oral history interviews. Drawing on acoustic data we identify what appear to be early stages of
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Nesbitt, Monica, and James N. Stanford. "Structure, Chronology, and Local Social Meaning of a Supra-Local Vowel Shift: Emergence of the Low-Back-Merger Shift in New England." Language Variation and Change 33, no. 3 (2021): 269–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954394521000168.

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AbstractThe Low-Back-Merger Shift (LBMS) is a major North American vowel chain shift spreading across many disparate dialect regions. In this field-based study, we examine the speech of fifty-nine White Western Massachusetts speakers, aged 18–89. Using diagnostics in Becker (2019) and Boberg (2019b), we find the LBMS emerging at the expense of the Northern Cities Shift (Labov, Yaeger, & Steiner, 1972) and traditional New England features (Boberg, 2001; Kurath, 1939; Nagy & Roberts, 2004). In Becker's LBMS model (2019:9), the low-back merger (lot-thought) triggers front-vowel shifts. Ou
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4

McGowan, Richard. "American English monophthong tenseness." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 155, no. 3_Supplement (2024): A123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0027025.

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In General American English, the point vowels of the F2 – F1 verus F1 quadrilateral, [i], [u], and [ɑ] are tense. More generally, Lindau noted the connection between acoustic peripherality and vowel tenseness [Lindau, M. (1975). “Vowel Features.” Working Papers, Phonetics Laboratory, Lund University, 11, p. 1]. In the case of [ae], it is the tensing of this point vowel that initiated the Northern Cities Chain Shift [Labov, W. (1994). Principles of Linguistic Sound Change: Internal Factors. Blackwell Publishers, Malden, MA]. The theses of this talk are firstly that a high degree of acoustic sen
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Kazakova, Marifat, and Shohista Abduhamidova. "Study of The Phonological and Structural Aspects of American Dialects." Academicia Globe: Inderscience Research 2, no. 1 (2025): 5. https://doi.org/10.47134/academicia.v2i1.16.

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This study investigates the phonological and structural characteristics of American English dialects, with a focus on regional variations such as Southern English, African American Vernacular English (AAVE), and the Northern Cities Shift. The research aims to analyze how historical, social, and cultural factors influence dialectal differences. Using linguistic analysis and comparative studies, the findings reveal significant shifts in vowel pronunciation, consonant usage, and syntactic structures. The study contributes to understanding dialect evolution and its impact on identity and communica
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Oh, Sujin, and Hanyong Park. "L1 category precision hypothesis in L2 production: Korean learners’ English front vowels." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 153, no. 3_supplement (2023): A342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0019089.

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It has been hypothesized that learners with more precisely defined categories in their native language (L1) are better at learning nonnative sounds in a second language (L2). Some perception studies have supported this hypothesis, but not many production studies have been conducted. Our study aims to fill this gap. Focusing on front vowels in F1/F2 acoustic space, we calculated compactness scores of L1 vowels and distances between learners’ and native speakers’ productions to operationalize category precision and L2 accuracy, respectively. Then, we examined whether learners with a lower compac
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VANDAM, K. "SHIFTING GEARS ON VOWEL RESEARCH: Small-Town Values and Big-City Vowels: A Study of the Northern Cities Shift in Michigan." American Speech 79, no. 2 (2004): 214–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00031283-79-2-214.

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Cook, Eung-Do. "Consonant Classes and Vowel Qualities in Babine." Canadian Journal of Linguistics/Revue canadienne de linguistique 35, no. 2 (1990): 123–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008413100013542.

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Babine, which has also been known as Northern Carrier, has two major dialects, Lake Babine (LB) spoken in Babine Lake and River Babine (RB) spoken in Bulkley River in northwestern British Columbia. The speakers of the latter in Moricetown and Hagwilgate prefer to call their language [wətsowət’en]. The recognition of Babine as a language distinct from Carrier is based on the work of Hildebrandt and Story (1974), Kari (1975), and Story (1984). In claiming Babine as a distinct language, rather than a Carrier dialect, Story (1984:1) cites “the Babine vowel shift”. She presents an extensive discuss
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9

Dinkin, Aaron J. "Weakening resistance: Progress toward the low back merger in New York State." Language Variation and Change 23, no. 3 (2011): 315–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954394511000147.

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AbstractThis paper examines the status of the low back caught-cot merger in Upstate New York. Most of this region is subject to the Northern Cities Shift (NCS) and therefore, according to Labov, Ash, and Boberg (2006), ostensibly “resists” the spread of this merger. It is found that the phonology of this region is indeed trending toward the merger in apparent time, in terms of both phonetic distance between the two phonemes and speakers' explicit judgments. It is argued that the fronting of the cot vowel in the NCS region is not sufficient to withstand the spread of the merger because fronting
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McElhinny, Bonnie. "More on the Third Dialect of English: Linguistic constraints on the use of three phonological variables in Pittsburgh." Language Variation and Change 11, no. 2 (1999): 171–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954394599112031.

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Traditional dialect boundaries in the United States have received renewed attention (Labov, 1991, 1994). Labov outlined three dialects of English (the Northern Cities Chain Shift, the Southern Chain Shift, and the Third Dialect), the boundaries of which are defined by chain shifts in the vowel system and roughly correspond to traditional dialectal boundaries defined through the bundling of lexical items (Kurath, 1949) and phonological isoglosses (Kurath & McDavid, 1961). Other research has suggested that the Third Dialect may be the most heterogeneous of these dialects, with speakers in di
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Northern Cities Vowel Shift"

1

Daniels, Sara. "A Sociophonetic Study of the Northern Cities Shift in Southwest Michigan." OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1369.

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This study was designed to measure the perception of Southwest Michigan residents' perception of the Northern Cities Shift, and compare it to the perceptions of Southeast Michigan residents. Participants, recruited from the Grand Rapids and Kalamazoo areas, were asked to complete a dialect boundary map of the United States in order to discern perceptions of American English dialects and accents and determine the dialect or accent that they most associate with the state of Michigan. Participants were also asked to listen to and judge the personality traits of seven different North American spea
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Bause, Tatjana [Verfasser], and Beat [Akademischer Betreuer] Glauser. "Traces of the Northern Cities Shift: An Empirical Case Study in Amherst, MA / Tatjana Bause ; Betreuer: Beat Glauser." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1180615980/34.

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Books on the topic "Northern Cities Vowel Shift"

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Comparison of the Northern Cities Shift and the Southern Shift in Vowel Pronunciation by American English Speakers. GRIN Verlag GmbH, 2008.

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2

Small-town values and big-city vowels: A study of the northern cities shift in Michigan. Published by Duke University Press for the American Dialect Society, 2001.

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3

At the End of the Shift: Mines and Single-Industry Towns in Northern Ontario. ReadHowYouWant.com, Limited, 2013.

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4

Thomson, Ashley, and Matt Bray. At the End of the Shift: Mines and Single-Industry Towns in Northern Ontario. Dundurn Press, 1996.

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5

Thomson, Ashley, and Matt Bray. At the End of the Shift: Mines and Single-Industry Towns in Northern Ontario. Dundurn Press, 1996.

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Thomson, Ashley, and Matt Bray. At the End of the Shift: Mines and Single-Industry Towns in Northern Ontario. Dundurn Press, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Northern Cities Vowel Shift"

1

Prichard, Hilary. "The Great Vowel Shift in the North of England." In Researching Northern English. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/veaw.g55.03pri.

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Davis, Stuart, Wafi Alshammari, Musa Alahmari, and Mamdouh Alhuwaykim. "Aspects Of The Phonology And Morphology Of Saudi Varieties Of Arabic." In Semitic Languages and Cultures. Open Book Publishers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0411.04.

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This article will bring together detailed description of various morphological, morpho-phonological, and phonological phenomena witnessed in different Peninsular varieties of Arabic. Some of the phenomena to be discussed are known, but perhaps the specific details are less known. After presenting general background and some of the unusual characteristics found in Peninsular varieties of Arabic, we focus on three specific phenomena in Saudi Arabic varieties: a productive morphological augmentative witnessed in Ha’ili (northern Najdi) Arabic, the realization of the 2nd person singular possessive
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Travelet, Madeline, and Franck Zumstein. "9. The Northern Cities Vowel Shift in Northern Michigan." In The Corpus Phonology of English. Edinburgh University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781474467018-014.

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"Social Evaluation of the Northern Cities Shift." In Principles of Linguistic Change. Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444327496.ch11.

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"Yankee Cultural Imperialism and the Northern Cities Shift." In Principles of Linguistic Change. Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444327496.ch10.

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6

Strelluf, Christopher, and Matthew J. Gordon. "Chapter 9: The Northern Cities Shift and the Low-Back-Merger Shift." In The Origins of Missouri English. Lexington Books, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5771/9781498597272-217.

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Lupo, Salvatore. "The Mafia." In Italy since 1945. Oxford University PressOxford, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198731702.003.0008.

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Abstract In the fifties, the South of Italy, like the North, underwent a great transformation of its own. People emigrated to Germany and Northern Italy while within the Mezzogiorno there was a generalized shift from mountains to plains and from rural areas to the cities where new buildings were springing up everywhere as wages started to grow. Above all, this was the start of state funding to foster economic development: it was the time of agricultural reform and its implementation, the redistribution of property and (in the more fortunate areas) land reclamation and irrigation.
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Hilson, Mary. "Co-operative internationalism in practice: the International Co-operative Alliance (ICA) before and after the First World War." In The International Co-operative Alliance and the consumer co-operative movement in northern Europe, c. 1860-1939. Manchester University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526100801.003.0003.

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Drawing on the histories of other international organisations, the chapter explores the practice of co-operative internationalism within the International Co-operative Alliance (ICA) from its foundation in 1895. The chapter traces the development of the ICA’s internal organisation and the conflict that this sometimes generated, especially over the need to balance the diverse interests of different national members. The chapter analyses the role of the International Co-operative Congresses, held triennially in different European cities and how these changed over the period. It asks what the co-
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Rivera-Batiz, Luis A., and Maria-A. Oliva. "Geography and Location." In International Trade. Oxford University PressOxford, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198297116.003.0004.

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Abstract The ample evidence of concentration of economic activity presents unmistakable geographical imprints. The shift from rural to industrial and subsequently service economies is mirrored by the development of large metropolitan areas and cities that attract a large proportion of countries ‘ population. London, Paris, New York, Chicago, Los Angeles, Barcelona, Buenos Aires, and other city clusters developed in locations providing access to trade routes and transportation through harbors, rivers, and channels. Canadian manufacturing is heavily concentrated in Ontario. In fact, most of Cana
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Graham, Maryemma. "Goodbye New Orleans." In The House Where My Soul Lives. Oxford University PressNew York, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195341232.003.0005.

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Abstract This chapter assesses how Margaret Walker left New Orleans in August 1932. All she could think about now was going to the place that would make her a writer. In later talks and remembrances about her time in Chicago, she routinely referred to it as “the place where I found my voice.” Walker then attended Northwestern University with her sister. She had begun school during the campaign for the presidential election of 1932. The New Deal politics that Franklin Delano Roosevelt promoted was her introduction to American political culture. Witnessing this shift of power at the national lev
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