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1
Lawrence, Sarah, and Paula Devine. "Health and Wellbeing Needs of Older Male Prisoners." International Journal of Mens Social and Community Health 5, SP1 (July 23, 2022): e66-e82. http://dx.doi.org/10.22374/ijmsch.v5isp1.70.
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Introduction: Older men aged 50 years and over are the fastest-growing cohort in the prisons of the United States (US) and the United Kingdom (UK). This reflects wider demographic change, such as increased life expectancy, as well as harsher sentencing policies, and an increased eagerness of courts to pursue historical offenses particularly relating to sexual crimes. Research has shown that older men in prison often experience poorer physical health than younger prisoners and those with similar age in the general public. However, to date, no such study has explored the health-related needs of older men held in Northern Ireland prisons. The aim of this research was to explore the health and wellbeing needs of older men held in custody in NorthernIreland.Method: A questionnaire was completed by 83 men aged 50 years or over, who were in prison in Northern Ireland in 2016. Comparisons were made with similar community-based surveys.Results: The data showed that on many indicators, older prisoners experience worse health than their peers living in the community.Conclusion: These findings suggest that there is a need for appropriate healthcare planning for older men in prison which recognizes how their health may differ from other age cohorts within prison, as well as from those living outside a custodial establishment.
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Daly, Mary E. "'A Third Country': Irish Border Communities." Review of Irish Studies in Europe 6, no. 2 (December 6, 2023): 6–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32803/rise.v6i2.3211.
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Inserting a border where one did not previously exist transforms the mental and physical map of individuals and communities. Those who live along the Irish Border regard themselves as distinct from the rest of Northern Ireland or Ireland – ‘a third country’, that is neglected, and distinct from both Belfast and Dublin. This paper explores the neglect and belated ‘discovery’ of the problems facing border areas: the local impact of partition on population and the economy, the image of the border as a zone of violence and lawlessness, and the importance of the parish and community identities, together with the question of sectarianism. Official interest in the border (apart from security matters), only emerged in 1983 when the Economic and Social Committee of the EEC issued a report on Irish Border Areas highlighting the serious socio-economic problems. Since the 1990s border communities, both north and south, have benefited significantly from an array of programmes funded by the EU, the British and Irish governments and international donors. Most of the practical difficulties of life along the border, such as customs and security posts, were removed during the 1990s, with the introduction of the EU Single Market and the end of paramilitary violence. This has enabled some restoration of traditional cross-border networks. Britain’s decision to leave the EU threatened to restore these administrative barriers, but concerted efforts by the Irish government and the strong support from the EU ensured that this was avoided. Although the Irish border has practically disappeared on the ground, legacies remain. Over the past century it has reconfigured community and personal identities, and it remains a potent political symbol for both nationalists and unionists.
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Agnieszka Martynowicz. "Uncertainty, Complexity, Anxiety – Deportation and the Prison in the Case of Polish Prisoners in Northern Ireland." Archives of Criminology, no. XXXVIII (January 1, 2016): 425–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7420/ak2016o.
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In recent years, the prospect of deportation after sentence has become an almost inevitable part of foreign national prisoners’ experience in the UK. Since 2006, the year of the so-called ‘foreign national prisoner scandal’, the development of increasingly stringent laws and deportation policies has been relentless. This included the introduction of ‘automatic deportation’ for certain categories of offences and lenghts of sentences; the development of a raft of early removal schemes, allowing for removal of prisoners during a sentence; the imposition of limits to legal aid in deportation cases and, most recently, an introduction of the ‘deport first, appeal later’ rule which limits the number of cases in which deportation can be challenged before the actual removal of the person beyond UK’s borders takes place. The perception of those prisoners as a particular ‘problem’ to be ‘managed’ rather than as individuals who need additional assistance and support, results in an overfocus on deportation to the detriment of their treatment while in prison custody. Foreign national prisoners regularly report lack of access to services in prisons, lack of interpretation and translation, confusion about the criminal justice process, isolation and loneliness. Both during and at the end of their sentences, they often receive little to no support with their re-integration needs. Foreign national prisoners often report difficulties in access to independent immigration legal advice and are rarely provided with any assistance at the time of deportation. This article is based on the author’s doctoral research with male Polish prisoners serving their sentences in Northern Ireland. In the course of the study, seventeen prisoners were interviewed either individually or in small groups between late 2013 and early 2015. The interviews took place in Maghaberry (high security) and Magilligan (medium security) prisons. In addition to interviews with prisoners, a small number of core prison staff responsible for equality and diversity policies were also interviewed, together with representatives of prison monitoring and oversight bodies. The study also included observations of aspects of the prison regime, and in particular the quarterly Foreign National Forum in each of the prisons. Although the main research did not specifically focus on the experiences or processes of deportation, this theme – inevitably – run through a number of research encounters. When speaking about their plans for life after release, most Polish prisoners linked those to staying in Northern Ireland; they wanted to go back to work, continue or re-establish relationships with their families and friends; settle back into the routines outside of the prison. They were, however, very mindful that their plans might come to an abrupt end if they were to be deported at the end of their sentences. The deportation process is complex and the anxiety experienced by Polish prisoners was often heightened by the lack of understanding of immigration law and procedures. Concerns about the lack of interpretation and translation of immigrationrelated documents; gaps in legal advice and confusion about the actual physical process of deportation defined the prisoners’ experience. Stories and advice about preparation for deportation were often exchanged in small group interviews during the research, with prisoners reflecting on previous experiences of people they knew to have been deported. The fact that much information was exchanged in that way, and on other ‘social’ occassions in the prison where the prisoners could meet in a group, meant that it was often contradictory and partial. The overall anxiety was made worse by the fact that prisoners had to often wait for a long time for their deportation decisions, only made aware of what they were towards the very end of their sentences, leaving them with little time to make practical preparations for removal. Adding to apprehension about the deportation process was the possibility of spending additional time in immigration custody in detention centres after their sentence has finished. Those who did not contest deportation were particularly keen to be removed directly from the prison to Poland and the potential for extended detention was a clear source of frustration. Overall, the research showed that Polish prisoners were still provided with minimal support, including at the time when they struggled to understand and navigate the deportation system. They appeared to be left almost entirely at the mercy of the prison and immigration systems, where information from solicitors can be scarce and where their experience is dominated by waiting – waiting for contact with lawyers; waiting for the deportation decision; waiting to be deported. While they wait, their plans for release are put on hold and their re-integration into the community is jeopardised as they are unable to prepare for their life after release while not knowing where that life will be.
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Flanagan, R. J., and D. S. Fisher. "Volatile substance abuse and crime: Data from UK press cuttings 1996-2007." Medicine, Science and the Law 48, no. 4 (October 2008): 295–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/rsmmsl.48.4.295.
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Volatile substance abuse (VSA, solvent abuse, ‘glue sniffing’), carries a risk of sudden death (some 700 deaths in the UK, 1996-2006). However, mortality data take no account of the social cost of the habit. From press cuttings we have identified 508 instances (569 individuals: 507 male, median age 25 yr, range 8-51 yr and 62 female, median age 18 yr, range 11-36 yr) where VSA, either alone or together with alcohol/other drugs, was reported in association with criminal or antisocial behaviour that resulted in a criminal conviction or caution. The frequency of reports decreased from 84 per annum (1997 and 1998) to 20 (2007). The agents reported (17 individuals, two agents) were ‘glue’ (225), LPG/‘butane’/aerosol propellants (176), ‘solvents’ (158), and petrol (gasoline) (27). The offences cited (most serious crime) were: homicide (35), rape or other sexual assault (34), arson (25), assault or serious threat of assault (192), child neglect/cruelty (6), attempting to pervert the course of justice (2), criminal damage (41), burglary/robbery/theft/shoplifting (100), nuisance/breach of the peace/breach of antisocial behaviour order (104), driving whilst impaired and other vehicle-related offence (22), and supply (non-retail) (8). Thirty offenders were given life sentences or detained indefinitely under mental health legislation. Reports came from all parts of the UK, although most were from Northern England, Northern Ireland, and Scotland. There were many reports of recidivists; one 34-year-old male had made 113 court appearances, and had spent approximately nine years in custody. Although there are severe limitations to data derived from press cuttings and not-withstanding that in some cases VSA may have been raised in mitigation, these data provide an additional insight into the problem posed by VSA in the UK.
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Aiken, Abigail R. A., Elisa Padron, Kathleen Broussard, and Dana Johnson. "The impact of Northern Ireland’s abortion laws on women’s abortion decision-making and experiences." BMJ Sexual & Reproductive Health 45, no. 1 (October 19, 2018): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsrh-2018-200198.
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BackgroundIn Northern Ireland, abortion is illegal except in very limited circumstances to preserve a woman’s life or to prevent permanent or long-term injury to her physical or mental health. Abortions conducted outside the law are a criminal offence punishable by imprisonment. We assessed the impacts of Northern Ireland’s abortion laws on women’s decision-making and experiences in accessing abortion.MethodsBetween April 2017 and February 2018 we interviewed 30 women living in Northern Ireland who had sought abortion by travelling to a clinic in Great Britain or by using online telemedicine to self-manage a medication abortion at home. We interviewed women both before and after a policy change that allowed women from Northern Ireland access to free abortion services in Great Britain. We used a semi-structured in-depth approach and analysed the interviews using grounded theory methodology to identify key themes.ResultsFour key findings emerged from our analysis: (1) women experience multiple barriers to travelling for abortion services, even when abortion is provided without charge; (2) self-management is often preferred over travel, but its criminalisation engenders fear and isolation; (3) obstruction of import of abortion medications by Northern Ireland Customs contributes to stress, anxiety, a higher risk of complications, and trial of ineffective or unsafe methods; and (4) lack of clarity surrounding the obligations of healthcare professionals in Northern Ireland causes mistrust of the healthcare system.ConclusionsNorthern Ireland’s abortion laws negatively affect the quality and safety of women’s healthcare and can have serious implications for women’s physical and emotional health. Our findings offer new perspectives for the current policy debate over Northern Ireland’s abortion laws and suggest a public health rationale for decriminalising abortion.
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Knox, Colin, and Paul Carmichael. "Local government reform: Community planning and the quality of life in Northern Ireland." Administration 63, no. 2 (August 1, 2015): 31–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/admin-2015-0009.
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Abstract Local government in Northern Ireland has undergone a significant reform process in terms of both the number of councils (from twenty-six to eleven) and their functional responsibilities. Councils in Northern Ireland have always been regarded as the ‘poor relation’ of central government or non-departmental public bodies which deliver many of the services performed by local government in other parts of the UK (education, social services, housing). The reforms in Northern Ireland, while devolving relatively minor additional functions, offer councils a significant role in community planning – the legal power to hold central departments to account for services provided by them in local areas. This paper argues that councils can use this power to improve the quality of life of their inhabitants.
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Metress, Eileen. "The American Wake of Ireland: Symbolic Death Ritual." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 21, no. 2 (October 1990): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/ljfh-2g3j-2vcw-adxv.
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Knowledge of a group's death customs can provide insight into their social system. The wake and funeral of nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Ireland have been said to provide the most dramatic revelation of community life during those times. In the early days of Irish emigration when the journey to North America was considered to be a final separation, Irish society developed an institution known as the American wake. Among other things, it provided a mechanism for ventilating the grief associated with this special type of bereavement. This article examines the similarities between the American wake and a wake for the dead and is concerned with how the emigrant wake reflected the Irish view of life and death.
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Schubotz, Dirk, and Malachai O'Hara. "A Shared Future? Exclusion, Stigmatization, and Mental Health of Same-Sex-Attracted Young People in Northern Ireland." Youth & Society 43, no. 2 (October 4, 2010): 488–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0044118x10383549.
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For more than a decade the Peace Process has fundamentally changed Northern Irish society. However, although socioreligious integration and ethnic mixing are high on the political agenda in Northern Ireland, the Peace Process has so far failed to address the needs of some of the most vulnerable young people, for example, those who identify as gay, lesbian, or bisexual. Public debates in Northern Ireland remain hostile to same-sex-attracted people. Empirical evidence from the annual Young Life and Times (YLT) survey of 16-year-olds undertaken by ARK shows that same-sex-attracted young people report worse experiences in the education sector (e.g., sex education, school bullying), suffer from poorer mental health, experience higher social pressures to engage in health-adverse behavior, and are more likely to say that they will leave Northern Ireland and not return. Equality legislation and peace process have done little to address the heteronormativity in Northern Ireland.
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Cashman, Ray. "Critical Nostalgia and Material Culture in Northern Ireland." Journal of American Folklore 119, no. 472 (April 1, 2006): 137–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4137921.
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Abstract Although many scholars have characterized nostalgia as a counterproductive modern malaise, members of one North Irish community demonstrate that nostalgia can be essential for evaluating the present through contrast with the past and for reasserting the ideal of community in the midst of sectarian division. By preserving and displaying local material culture of the past, Catholics and Protestants alike grant seemingly obsolete objects new life as symbols necessary for inspiring critical thought that may lead to positive social change.
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ROBINSON, ALAN, and JIM BROWN. "Northern Ireland children and cross-community holiday projects." Children & Society 5, no. 4 (December 18, 2007): 347–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1099-0860.1991.tb00500.x.
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Kitchin, Rob, and Karen Lysaght. "Heterosexism and the Geographies of Everyday Life in Belfast, Northern Ireland." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 35, no. 3 (March 2003): 489–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a3538.
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In this paper we seek to extend work on the relationship between sexuality, space, and society by providing a nuanced geographical reading of the sexual production of space in Belfast, Northern Ireland. Utilising queer theory, we draw from interviews with thirty gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender individuals to illustrate how the discursive and material practices that shape the regulation, self-regulation, and resistance of heterosexism are spatially, temporally, and contextually uneven and unequal. Focusing on the spatial arenas of home, work, and social space we document how each space is produced and experienced in multiple ways, and managed using a variety of sociospatial strategies.
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Taylor, Laura K., and Jeffrey R. Hanna. "Altruism born of suffering among emerging adults in Northern Ireland." Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research 10, no. 3 (July 9, 2018): 157–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jacpr-01-2017-0271.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore altruism born of suffering (ABS), a theory that explains how the experience of suffering within one’s own life may result in the motivation to help others, even outgroup members. Design/methodology/approach Participants were 186 emerging adults (63 per cent female, 37 per cent male; 69 per cent Protestant, 41 per cent Catholic; average age =21.3, SD=2.57 years old) in Northern Ireland, a setting of protracted intergroup conflict. Participants were randomly assigned to an in/outgroup condition, read four types of adversity that occurred to same-sex victim(s), and indicated their empathetic response and how much they would like to help the victims. Findings Moderated mediation analyses revealed that empathy for the victim partially mediated the impact of perceived harm on desire to help; moreover, recent negative life events strengthened the link between harm and empathy. The path between empathy and helping was stronger in the outgroup compared to the ingroup condition. Practical implications These findings support ABS, highlighting empathy as a key factor underlying more constructive intergroup relations in a divided society. Originality/value This paper extends previous research on ABS by focusing on a post-accord context. The value of the current analyses demonstrate the important role of fostering empathy to promote outgroup helping in settings of divisive group identities.
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Carroll, Áine. "An autoethnography of death and dying in Northern Ireland." Journal of Integrated Care 28, no. 4 (June 6, 2020): 327–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jica-02-2020-0007.
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PurposeIn Northern Ireland, access to good quality palliative care is an accepted and expected part of modern cancer care. The “Transforming Your Palliative and End of Life Care” programme “supports the design and delivery of coordinated services to enable people with palliative and end of life care needs to have choice in their place of care, greater access to services and improved outcomes at the end of their lives”. The purpose of this autoethnography is to share the author’s lived experience so that it might be used to improve services.Design/methodology/approachAutoethnography is employed as the research method. The author describes her experience of caring for father over the last six months of his life. She explores the tensions between the different players involved in the care of her father and the family and the internal conflict that developed within her as daughter, carer, care coordinator and doctor. Using multiple data sources, selected data entries were explored through reflexive, dyadic interviews to explore the experience and meaning in each story.FindingsThe author found that autoethnography was a powerful tool to give voice to the carer experience. Narration can be a powerful tool for capturing the authentic lived experiences of individuals and families and is a tool seldom utilised in integrated care. This account provides an insight into the author's expectations of integrated palliative care, as a designer and implementer and now an academic in integrated care and concludes with some reflections about the gap between policy and practice in palliative care services in Northern Ireland.Originality/valueAutoethnography can be a powerful tool for capturing the authentic lived experiences of individuals and families and is an essential component of the quadruple aim.
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Wallace, Rachel. "Gay Life and Liberation, a Photographic Record of 1970s Belfast." Public Historian 41, no. 2 (May 1, 2019): 144–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/tph.2019.41.2.144.
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In March 2017, the first LGBTQ+ history exhibition to be displayed at a national museum in Northern Ireland debuted at the Ulster Museum. The exhibition, entitled “Gay Life and Liberation: A Photographic Exhibition of 1970s Belfast,” included private photographs captured by Doug Sobey, a founding member of gay liberation organizations in Belfast during the 1970s, and featured excerpts from oral histories with gay and lesbian activists. It portrayed the emergence of the gay liberation movement during the Troubles and how the unique social, political, and religious situation in Northern Ireland fundamentally shaped the establishment of a gay identity and community in the 1970s. By displaying private photographs and personal histories, it revealed the hidden history of the LGBTQ+ community to the museum-going public. The exhibition also enhanced and extended the histories of the Troubles, challenging traditional assumptions and perceptions of the conflict.
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Hassan, David, and Philip O’Kane. "Terrorism and the abnormality of sport in Northern Ireland." International Review for the Sociology of Sport 47, no. 3 (January 10, 2012): 397–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1012690211433483.
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This article examines the rationale for the limited use of sport by a range of paramilitary organizations in Northern Ireland to supplement their wider political and ideological aspirations. In any divided society all aspects of life are recruited to reveal and occasionally contribute to this separation and periodically, when seeking to attack or undermine ‘the other’, their sporting pursuits and interests become part of any military offensive. Whilst it is wrong to suggest that sport was a consistent or substantial factor in the ethno-sectarian conflict in Northern Ireland, which unfolded over the latter part of the 20th century, it was used in a strategic manner by terror organizations and thus its deployment was rarely ill-conceived even if the outcomes of their actions were almost always unjustifiable and, ultimately, futile.
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McParland, Patricia, Paula Devine, Anthea Innes, and Vernon Gayle. "Dementia knowledge and attitudes of the general public in Northern Ireland: an analysis of national survey data." International Psychogeriatrics 24, no. 10 (May 17, 2012): 1600–1613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610212000658.
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ABSTRACTBackground: This paper provides an overview of the findings from the dementia module of the 2010 Northern Ireland Life and Times (NILT) Survey: an annual survey recording public attitudes to major social policy issues. Northern Ireland, in line with many other developed countries, recently released a Dementia Strategy. The opportunity to explore the knowledge and attitudes of the general public to dementia at a national level in Northern Ireland is timely and valuable. This paper reports on an initial exploration of these attitudes, based on bivariate analysis across demographic groups.Methods: Data were analyzed using SPSS (Version 19). Descriptive and summary statistics were produced. A series of categorical bivariate relationships were tested (chi-square) and tests of association (Cramer's V) were reported. We discuss both knowledge-related findings and attitudinal findings.Results: We found that the general public in Northern Ireland have a reasonably good level of knowledge about dementia. However, attitudinal measures indicate the stereotyping and infantilization of people with dementia.Conclusions: This NILT module provides a unique source of data on attitudes to, and knowledge of, dementia. A key strength is that it provides statistically representative data with national level coverage. This information can be used to target public health education policies more effectively and to inform delivery of health and social services. The success of the module leads us to believe that it stands as a blue-print for collecting information on dementia in other social surveys.
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McCreight, Bernadette Susan. "Perinatal Loss: A Qualitative Study in Northern Ireland." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 57, no. 1 (August 2008): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/om.57.1.a.
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This article describes the experiences of women in Northern Ireland who have experienced a miscarriage or stillbirth. Pregnancy loss encompasses several dimensions of loss for women, loss of the future, loss of self-identity, and the loss of anticipated parenthood. The study explored how women emotionally responded to loss and the care they received from medical staff. Burial arrangements for the remains of the baby are also explored. The methodology adopted a narrative approach based upon in-depth interviews with 23 women who attended pregnancy loss self-help groups. The women's narratives highlight their emotional responses to loss, the medicalization of perinatal grief, and burial arrangements. Women felt that their experience was emotionally negative in that they had been subjected to a rationalizing process of medicalization. The primary focus for the women was on the need to recover space for their emotions and seek acceptance and recognition of the validity of their grief. The study demonstrated that the women's response to being marginalized led them to make sense of their experiences and to create spaces of resistance to medicalization. The way in which women placed emotion at the center of their narratives is taken to be a powerful indicator that the support they require from professionals should take account of the meanings they have constructed from their experience of loss.
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Corcoran, Paul, Eve Griffin, Amanda O’Carroll, Linda Cassidy, and Brendan Bonner. "Hospital-Treated Deliberate Self-Harm in the Western Area of Northern Ireland." Crisis 36, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000301.
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Background: The Northern Ireland Registry of Deliberate Self-Harm was established as an outcome of the Northern Ireland Suicide Prevention Strategy and Action Plan – Protect Life, beginning in the Western Health and Social Care Trust area. Aims: The study aimed to establish the incidence of hospital-treated deliberate self-harm in the Western Area of Northern Ireland, and to explore the profile of such presentations. Method: Deliberate self-harm presentations made to the three hospital emergency departments operating in the area during the period 2007–2012 were recorded. Results: There were 8,175 deliberate self-harm presentations by 4,733 individuals. Respectively, the total, male, and female age-standardized incidence rate was 342, 320, and 366 per 100,000 population. City council residents had a far higher self-harm rate. The peak rate for women was among 15–19-year-olds (837 per 100,000) and for men was among 20–24-year-olds (809 per 100,000). Risk of repetition was higher in 35–44-year-old patients if self-cutting was involved, but was most strongly associated with the number of previous self-harm presentations. Conclusion: The incidence of hospital-treated self-harm in Northern Ireland is far higher than in the Republic of Ireland and more comparable to that in England.
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Vieten, Ulrike M., and Fiona Murphy. "The Imagination of the Other in a (Post-)Sectarian Society: Asylum Seekers and Refugees in the Divided City of Belfast." Social Inclusion 7, no. 2 (June 27, 2019): 176–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v7i2.1980.
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This article explores the ways a salient sectarian community division in Northern Ireland frames the imagination of newcomers and the experiences of asylum seekers and refugees. We examine the dominant ethno-national Christian communities and how their actions define the social-spatial landscape and challenges of manoeuvring everyday life in Northern Ireland as an ‘Other’. We argue all newcomers are impacted to some degree by sectarianism in Northern Ireland, adding a further complexified layer to the everyday and institutional racism so prevalent in different parts of the UK and elsewhere. First, we discuss the triangle of nation, gender and ethnicity in the context of Northern Ireland. We do so in order to problematise that in a society where two adversarial communities exist the ‘Other’ is positioned differently to other more cohesive national societies. This complication impacts how the Other is imagined as the persistence of binary communities shapes the way local civil society engages vulnerable newcomers, e.g. in the instance of our research, asylum seekers and refugees. This is followed by an examination of the situation of asylum seekers and refugees in Northern Ireland. We do so by contextualising the historical situation of newcomers and the socio-spatial landscape of the city of Belfast. In tandem with this, we discuss the role of NGO’s and civil support organisations in Belfast and contrast these views with the experiences of asylum seekers and refugees. This article is based on original empirical material from a study conducted in 2016 on the experiences of asylum seekers and refugees with living in Northern Ireland.
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Johnston, Lynn. "Linking Generations in Northern Ireland: Age-Friendly School Project." Journal of Intergenerational Relationships 16, no. 1-2 (December 22, 2017): 184–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15350770.2018.1404860.
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Titterton, Miriam. "‘All feasible measures’-Children's Rights and Violent Conflict in Northern Ireland." Children & Society 9, no. 2 (December 18, 2007): 41–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1099-0860.1995.tb00449.x.
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Sakai, Tomoko. "Trans-Generational Memory: Narratives of World Wars in Post-Conflict Northern Ireland." Sociological Research Online 14, no. 5 (November 2009): 187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.2045.
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People situate their personal lives in a macro history through crafting trans-generational narratives. Trans-generational historical narrative is simultaneously about personal micro interactions and emotions, and about the large process of macro history. It lies between ‘small’ and ‘big’ narrative spheres and plays an important role in the formation of the ethnic, national and cultural identities of individuals. By examining carefully this type of autobiography, collective social experience and large cause-effect relationships in social processes that are beyond personal will and control can be explored. This is what Charles Tilly encourages narrative researchers to do. This paper analyses World War stories told by two persons living in post-conflict Northern Ireland who were born after the end of the Second World War. It shows that the World War experiences of the storytellers’ parents or ancestors, and the storytellers’ own experiences during and after the conflict, are interwoven to form a macro historical consciousness. In these narratives, the past is evoked to become a basis for the storyteller's life to be re-interpreted. These are narrative practices in which an individual becomes a historical subject by telling his or her own life: in one sense, becoming subject to the macro memory framework, and in another sense, becoming a subject of the practice of crafting history.
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Taylor, Laura K., Dean O’Driscoll, Christine E. Merrilees, Marcie Goeke-Morey, Peter Shirlow, and E. Mark Cummings. "Trust, forgiveness, and peace: The influence of adolescent social identity in a setting of intergroup conflict." International Journal of Behavioral Development 46, no. 2 (January 16, 2022): 101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/01650254211066768.
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Following the signing of peace agreements, post-accord societies often remain deeply divided across group lines. There is a need to identify antecedents of youth’s support for peace and establish more constructive intergroup relations. This article explored the effect of out-group trust, intergroup forgiveness, and social identity on support for the peace process among youth from the historic majority and minority communities in Belfast, Northern Ireland. The sample comprised 667 adolescents (49% male; M = 15.74, SD = 1.99 years old) across two time points. The results from the structural equation model suggested that out-group trust was related to intergroup forgiveness over time, while forgiveness related to later support for the peace process. Strength of in-group social identity differentially moderated how out-group trust and intergroup forgiveness related to later support for peace among youth from the conflict-related groups (i.e., Protestants and Catholics). Implications for consolidating peace in Northern Ireland are discussed, which may be relevant to other settings affected by intergroup conflict.
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Rolston, Bill, Dirk Schubotz, and Audrey Simpson. "The first time: young people and sex in Northern Ireland." Journal of Youth Studies 7, no. 2 (June 2004): 191–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1367626042000238712.
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Milroy, Lesley, and James Milroy. "Social network and social class: Toward an integrated sociolinguistic model." Language in Society 21, no. 1 (March 1992): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404500015013.
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ABSTRACTIn sociolinguistics, approaches that use the variables of socioeconomic class and social network have often been thought to be irreconcilable. In this article, we explore the connection between these variables and suggest the outlines of a model that can integrate them in a coherent way. This depends on linking a consensus-based microlevel of network with a conflict-based macrolevel of social class. We suggest interpretations of certain sociolinguistic findings, citing detailed evidence from research in Northern Ireland and Philadelphia, which emphasize the need for acknowledging the importance of looseknit network ties in facilitating linguistic innovations. We then propose that the link between network and class can be madeviathe notion ofweaknetwork ties using the process-based model of the macrolevel suggested by Thomas Højrup's theory of life-modes. (Sociolinguistics, sociology, quantitative social dialectology, anthropological linguistics)
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Devine, Paula, and Gillian Robinson. "From Survey to Policy: Community Relations in Northern Ireland." Sociological Research Online 19, no. 1 (February 2014): 175–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.3303.
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Public policy is expected to be both responsive to societal views and accountable to all citizens. As such, policy is informed, but not governed, by public opinion. Therefore, understanding the attitudes of the public is important, both to help shape and to evaluate policy priorities. In this way, surveys play a potentially important role in the policy making process. The aim of this paper is to explore the role of survey research in policy making in Northern Ireland, with particular reference to community relations (better known internationally as good relations). In a region which is emerging from 40 years of conflict, community relations is a key policy area. For more than 20 years, public attitudes to community relations have been recorded and monitored using two key surveys: the Northern Ireland Social Attitudes Survey (1989 to 1996) and the Northern Ireland Life and Times Survey (1998 to present). This paper will illustrate how these important time series datasets have been used to both inform and evaluate government policy in relation to community relations. By using four examples, we will highlight how these survey data have provided key government indicators of community relations, as well as how they have been used by other groups (such as NGOs) within policy consultation debates. Thus, the paper will provide a worked example of the integral, and bi-directional relationship between attitude measurement and policy making.
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Gray, Ann Marie, and Gail Neill. "Creating a Shared Society in Northern Ireland: Why We Need to Focus on Gender Equality." Youth & Society 43, no. 2 (October 4, 2010): 468–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0044118x10383548.
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International evidence has increasingly highlighted the necessity to understand the impact of conflict on the lives of girls and women and the importance of addressing gender equality as part of peace processes. This article argues that women, and especially young women, have been left out of much of the conflict discourse within Northern Ireland and there is little understanding of how the conflict has affected them. Analysis of in-depth interviews with young women reveals how their opportunities and choices in many areas of their life have been restricted by growing up in a divided society. There is a high level of disillusionment with politics and politicians with many identifying what they see as continuing sectarianism in Northern Ireland politics.Yet the “invisibility” of young women is unlikely to be addressed, or their confidence in politics strengthened, unless they are given the space, freedom, and encouragement to begin to articulate their thoughts and concerns.
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Holmes, Andrew R., and Stuart Mathieson. "Evangelical “Others” in Ulster, 1859–1912: Social Profile, Unionist Politics, and “Fundamentalism”." Church History 90, no. 4 (December 2021): 847–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009640721002894.
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AbstractThis article considers the existence of a distinctive form of fundamentalism in the northern-Irish province of Ulster. It does so by examining the Protestant minorities that grew significantly in the decades after the Ulster revival of 1859. These evangelical others are important because their members were more likely to have fundamentalist tendencies than those who belonged to the main Protestant churches. The existing scholarship on fundamentalism in Northern Ireland focuses on Ian Paisley (1926–2014), who was a life-long adversary of Irish republican separatism and a self-identified fundamentalist. Yet, the focus on Paisley draws attention away from the potential origin of fundamentalism in the early twentieth century that is associated with religious revival in the early 1920s and the heresy trial of a “modernist” Presbyterian professor in 1927. George Marsden's classic study defined fundamentalism as an American phenomenon, yet, with Paisley and developments in the 1920s in mind, he noted that “Ulster appears to be an exception.”1 To what extent was that true? Was there a constituency of potential fundamentalists in the north of Ireland in the early twentieth century? If there was, did the social and political circumstances of the region and period produce a distinctive Ulster variety of fundamentalism?
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Kelly, Greg. "Foster Parents and Long-Term Placements: Key Findings from a Northern Ireland Study." Children & Society 9, no. 2 (December 18, 2007): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1099-0860.1995.tb00447.x.
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McConaghy, Geraldine. "Talking to Strangers: an Overview of an Independent Representation Project in Northern Ireland." Children & Society 9, no. 2 (December 18, 2007): 30–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1099-0860.1995.tb00448.x.
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Gray, Colette. "Visual impairment: The educational experiences of young people in Northern Ireland." Educational and Child Psychology 27, no. 2 (2010): 68–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpsecp.2010.27.2.68.
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During the last 30 years there has been an increasing commitment in many countries to inclusive education. This has yielded a substantial evidence base that addresses various aspects of inclusive education including its impact on teacher attitudes and on pupil experiences. In contrast, few studies have been undertaken to examine these issues from the perspective of pupils with a visual impairment (VI). To extend the evidence base this paper examines the mainstream and special education experiences of young people with a VI. Focus group discussions and one to one in-depth interviews were conducted with 19 young people age 15 to 23. All of the participants were educated in Northern Ireland. Findings demonstrate that those who experienced a mainstream education disliked school more and had fewer friends at school than their peers at special school. Teachers in both school sectors were perceived as discouraging and thought to hold low expectations for pupils with a VI. In the main, neither group enjoyed an active social life nor did they report having many friends at home.
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Indra Jaya. "Culture to Serve Barometer Sustainability of North Sumatera and HANKAMNAS Development in Indonesia." Britain International of Humanities and Social Sciences (BIoHS) Journal 2, no. 1 (February 8, 2020): 148–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/biohs.v2i1.161.
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Malay culture is a unifying tool for the diversity of ethnicity, religion and strata of social life in North Sumatra. This can be traced from: (1) In terms of religious practice manifested in the form of tolerance in carrying out social life among the adherents. (2) In terms of social life, the ability of Malay culture to internalize the diversity of tribes and customs in the differences in the life of social institutions. (3) In terms of community culture, showing the characteristics of millennial generation cultural values as a social phenomenon is actually more likely to be negative. "(4) From the economic side, although Malay culture has very little influence in determining the HANKAMNAS barometer in Indonesia, but the influence Malay culture is not a factor that causes stunted development in northern Sumatra. " (5) From a political standpoint, Malay Culture positively influences the political situation in North Sumatra and at the same time Cultural change by the use of social media negatively affects the political situation in North Sumatra towards the sustainability of development so that it Impacts the Declining of HANKAMNAS in Indonesia "
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Cassidy, Lyndsay, Paula Heneghan, and Eamon O’Kane. "44 Marie curie echo network: an innovative practice development initiative." BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care 7, no. 3 (September 2017): A363.3—A364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjspcare-2017-001407.44.
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IntroductionPalliative care is increasingly delivered in the community by health care assistants caring for people in their own homes. To ensure these lone workers are well supported and have access to evidence based education is crucial. Due to the geographical challenges, Marie Curie considered novel ways in which we could reach these workers better.Marie Curie in Northern Ireland successfully submitted a bid to be part of Project Echo NI. Project Echo is a telementoring programme which uses video-conferencing and is led in Northern Ireland by Northern Ireland Hospice.AimThis model aimed to enable community based health care assistants to access education, and increase their knowledge and confidence in caring for people living with a terminal illness.MethodsProject Echo uses a hub and spoke model, with members of a multi-disciplinary team being at the hub and participants logging in from around Northern Ireland (spokes). Participants generate the topics that they wish to cover in the programme. Evaluation data was collected at 6 time points throughout the programme.ResultsComplete evaluation data will be presented. Positive evaluation results around the technology and method of learning demonstrate how this could be replicated in other areas around the country. Peer learning and access to the multi-disciplinary team were all seen as key in making the programme effective.ConclusionsProject Echo is an internationally recognised programme, which has been used effectively to deliver a person centred approach to practice development. Marie Curie is now considering other uses for this technology.References. Devlin, M. & Mcilfatrick, S. 2010. Providing Palliative and End-of-Life Care in the Community: The Role of the Home Care Worker.International Journal of Palliative Care,16(4), 195–203.. Herber, O. R. & Johnston, B. M. 2013. The Role of Healthcare Support Workers in Providing Palliative and End-of-Life Care in the Community: A Systematic Literature Review. Health & Social Care in the Community, 21(3), 225–235.
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McKeaveney, Clare, Tracey McConnell, Craig Harrison, Victoria Stone, and Joanne Reid. "Population-Based Projections of Place of Death for Northern Ireland by 2040." Palliative Medicine and Hospice Care – Open Journal 6, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 22–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17140/pmhcoj-6-140.
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Background There are global challenges in relation to an increasingly older population, rising numbers of deaths and the resulting need for end-of-life care. It is imperative for Health and Social Care to examine where people die and forward plan. Aim To establish the place where people have died 2004-2018 and project future place of death care setting by 2040. Materials and Methods Population-based trend analysis of place of death for people that died in Northern Ireland (2004-2018 from Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency) and projections using linear modelling (2019-2040 projections by Office of National Statistics). Results Deaths are projected to increase by 45.9%, from 15,922 in 2018 (of which 36.3% will be aged 85+ years) to 23,231 deaths in 2040 (39.8% aged 85+ years). Between 2004 and 2018, proportions of home and care home (defined as nursing and residential beds) deaths increased (24.5-27% and 16.3-19.4% respectively), while the proportion of hospital deaths declined (51.9-47.6%). If current trends continue, by 2040, deaths within the community (home and care home) will account for between 46.7-55.2% of all deaths. However, if care home capacity is limited at current levels (as of 2018), hospital deaths are projected to account for the largest proportion of deaths by 2040 (51.7%). Discussion Death at an increasing age has implications for end-of-life care provision. This study demonstrates an increasing need for end-oflife care over the next 20-years, particularly within community settings. Projections highlight the need for comprehensive planning to ensure service provision within the community meets the needs of the population.
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Devine, Paula, and Gillian Robinson. "A Society Coming out of Conflict: Reflecting on 20 Years of Recording Public Attitudes with the Northern Ireland Life and Times Survey." Research Data Journal for the Humanities and Social Sciences 4, no. 1 (March 22, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24523666-00401001.
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Annual public attitudes surveys are important tools for researchers, policy makers, academics, the media and the general public, as they allow us to track how – or if – public attitudes change over time. This is particularly pertinent in a society coming out of conflict. This article highlights the background to the creation of the Northern Ireland Life and Times Survey in 1998, including its links to previous survey research. Given the political changes after the Good Friday/Belfast Agreement in 1998, the challenge was to create a new annual survey that recorded public attitudes over time to key social issues pertinent to Northern Ireland’s social policy context. 2018 marks the 20th anniversary of the survey’s foundation, as well as the 20th anniversary of the Agreement. Thus, it is timely to reflect on the survey’s history and impact.
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McAloney, Kareena. "Life after prison: the experiences of prison officers serving during the Troubles in Northern Ireland." Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression 3, no. 1 (January 2011): 20–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19434472.2010.512218.
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Zeldin, Shepherd, Derick Wilson, and Jessica Collura. "Creating Restorative and Intergenerational Cultures for Youth: Insights From Northern Ireland and the United States." Youth & Society 43, no. 2 (May 27, 2011): 401–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0044118x10384472.
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In conflicted societies and in societies that have glossed over major historical abuses, civic cultures often become characterised by sensitive issues being conscientiously avoided. This avoidance contributes to separations and inequalities among residents and communities, and prevents the establishment of policies that build trust and promote integration across lines of separation. In such societies young people are seen as problems, not assets, in public discourse. Such mental models disable a reconstructive, future oriented policy climate where young people experience being of value. This special issue argues for policies and practices that challenge this pessimistic common sense about what young people can contribute. It stresses the importance of restorative and intergenerational practices in the building of just societies. The articles further emphasize the importance of adopting principles of respect and inclusivity as cornerstones of policy, promoting youth-adult partnership and other devolved models of leadership in civic life, all within the larger context of explicitly working to secure more open, shared and interdependent societies.
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Ferguson, Frank, and Matthew Morrow. "‘Of Noble Sentiment and Of Noble Thought’: Burns Clubs and Commemoration in Ireland 1800–1950." Burns Chronicle 132, no. 2 (September 2023): 150–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/burns.2023.0084.
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The reception of Robert Burns's work and legacy in Ireland, particularly in its Northern province of Ulster has been well documented. Less explored is the range of clubs, commemorations and events that exist and have existed throughout Ireland to honour his memory. This article will explore the foundation and activities of a variety of Burns Clubs and in particular the Belfast Burns Association, one of the longest standing groups within the Burns Federation. While these clubs were mostly situated in the province of Ulster, the article will argue that the commemoration and celebration of Burns was not confined to the northern province, nor was it merely the preserve of those from an Ulster-Scottish cultural background or indeed those from Scotland, or their descendants residing in Ireland. This article will trace the early efforts to mark Burns's significance in Ireland from the early decades of the nineteenth century, chart the widespread engagement in the 1859 Centenary activities across the island and continue into the twentieth century and twenty first centuries where Burns events continued to play a role in Irish civic and cultural life. This survey of commemorative engagement across Ireland pre- and post-partition will provide an insight into the role Burns's legacy played in the shaping of cultural exchange between Ireland and Scotland, the range and variety of civic, cultural and social discourse on Burns's writing and character in an Irish setting, and how the representation of Burns in the Irish public sphere mirrored and diverged from similar initiatives in Scotland and England.
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Hayes, Bernadette C., and Ian McAllister. "Religion, identity and community relations among adults and young adults in Northern Ireland." Journal of Youth Studies 12, no. 4 (June 8, 2009): 385–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13676260902866504.
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Moon, Joonil. "Shamanism of the Evenks and Ecological Thought in ‘Northern Texts’." East European and Balkan Institute 48, no. 1 (February 29, 2024): 77–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.19170/eebs.2024.48.1.77.
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The aim of this paper is to examine the shamanic worldview of the Evenki people among Siberian shamanism and the ecological ideas associated with it in the literary texts of Siberian ethnic minority authors. Siberia is perceived as a place where shamanism originated. However, as Eliade’s theory of shamanism has been recognized as a representative research methodology, empirical research on the origin and specificity of Siberian shamanism has been stifled, and the concept of shamanism has become ambiguous, resulting in a distortion of the origin and nature of Siberian shamanism. The shamanism of Siberian ethnic minorities is a religious phenomenon that has become embedded in the archetypal structure of their emotions, psychology, and consciousness in the process of interacting with the surrounding natural environment and human and social environment, as a holistic way of life that includes rituals, rituals, myths, moral ethics, and ecological life philosophy, as well as artistic systems. During the Soviet period, shamanism and the traditions and customs of Siberian ethnic groups were increasingly usurped by social reform and Russification policies under atheistic socialism. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, writers from ethnic minorities who sought to see their culture through their own eyes, rather than relying on the findings of Western or Russian researchers, emerged and produced literature that expressed their traditional shamanic worldview. It can be said that conditions have been created for the study of Siberian shamanism to be illuminated by literature. This paper examines literary texts about the Siberian Ebenki people to explore the shamanic worldview and ecological ideas of this Siberian ethnic minority.
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Woodman, George. "Northern Ireland Yearbook 2004: A Comprehensive Reference Guide to the Political, Economic and Social Life of Northern Ireland2005119Edited by Michael McKernan for Lagan Consulting. Northern Ireland Yearbook 2004: A Comprehensive Reference Guide to the Political, Economic and Social Life of Northern Ireland. Moira: BMF Publishing 2004. 599 pp., ISBN: 0 95 376729 9 £35 Distribution and marketing by TSO, Belfast." Reference Reviews 19, no. 2 (March 2005): 58–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09504120510580532.
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Muldoon, Orla T., and Karen Trew. "Social group membership and perceptions of the self in Northern Irish children." International Journal of Behavioral Development 24, no. 3 (September 2000): 330–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01650250050118312.
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Social disadvantage and minority group membership are believed to have an adverse effect on the development of the self-concept. However, the exact effects of such factors on children’s self-competence and self-esteem are still subject to debate, with some authors arguing that it is not until later in life that the adverse psychological effects of social disadvantage become apparent. This study therefore examined the relationship between gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status (SES), and age on self-competence and self-esteem in childhood. Eight- to eleven-year-old children ( N = 689) completed the Harter Self-Perception Profile for Children (Harter, 1985) and the results were analysed using MANOVA. Substantial gender differences in self-perceptions across several domains, including global self-esteem, were evident. The analysis also indicated that children of lower SES and from the Roman Catholic (minority) community in Northern Ireland had significantly less positive self-perceptions than middle SES and Protestant (majority group) children in a range of domains. These differences, however, were generally only evidenced at ages 10 and 11. Discussion of these results highlights the influence of group memberships on children’s social development, particularly at the preadolescent stage, and points to the need to consider the combined effects of psychosocial identities and socioeconomic background on the development of self-perceptions.
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Radford, Katy, Jennifer Hamilton, and Neil Jarman. "‘It's their word against mine’: young people's attitudes to the police complaints procedure in Northern Ireland." Children & Society 19, no. 5 (2005): 360–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chi.844.
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McConnell, Tracey, Paul Best, Tristan Sturm, Mabel Stevenson, Michael Donnelly, Brian J. Taylor, and Noleen McCorry. "A translational case study of empowerment into practice: A realist evaluation of a member-led dementia empowerment service." Dementia 19, no. 6 (November 23, 2018): 1974–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1471301218814393.
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Involving people with dementia in decision-making is widely accepted as a means of empowering them to lead more independent lives and have more meaningful roles in shaping their care. However, there is a need to conduct rigorous evaluations of empowerment-driven services and policies in order to develop a deeper understanding about how to optimise successful implementation. This paper presents the results of an evaluation of Dementia Northern Ireland, an organisation initiated and led by people with dementia. We used a realist evaluation approach that comprised interviews with 15 people with dementia, three staff and two board members, ethnographic observations, along with documentary analysis to identify ‘what works, for whom, under what circumstances’. The analysis used realist logic to build up context-mechanism-outcome configurations. The Dementia Northern Ireland service model of empowerment revolved around the formation and maintenance of social groups of people with dementia. Facilitators, recruited and selected by people with dementia, supported six groups, consisting of one to four members with mild to moderate cognitive impairment. Facilitators helped expand empowerment groups, facilitate decision-making, awareness raising and consultation opportunities with group members. The ‘Empowerment Groups’ appeared to lead to the development of a shared social identity and a sense of collective strength as indicated by interview and observational data demonstrating an activist mentality among group members to challenge the stigma surrounding dementia. Group members also reported improved quality of life. Widespread implementation of the empowerment model has the potential to lead to reduced stigma and greater social inclusion, increased involvement of people with dementia as active co-producers of policy and service development, better services and support. This case study of Dementia Northern Ireland illustrates that there are boundaries and challenges to empowerment in terms of requiring additional support from staff without dementia. However, despite these challenges, empowerment-driven organisations can and should be committed to involving members in lead roles and key decision-making.
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Hagan, Robert J. "Getting out of the house: the use of community transport as a third place for rural-dwelling older adults." Ageing and Society 40, no. 11 (July 3, 2019): 2519–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x19000722.
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AbstractRural-dwelling older adults experience significant shrinkage in their social networks and capital due to transitions in later life related to poor physical health, mobility difficulties and bereavements. Being rurally located adds an extra layer of disadvantage. This article explores how older adults may use community transport systems to not only facilitate important social tasks but also maintain friendships and other valued relationships. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 11 users of a rural transport community bus service in western Northern Ireland. The interviews identified that participants viewed the transport system as a highly valued conduit for helping escape isolation, maintaining autonomy, and providing an informal space for relationship building and accessing local news.
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Nujeidat, Muhammad Sami. "Bedouin society in northern Israel, Jordan, Palestine, and Syria and its social, cultural and leadership systems." Global Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences 10, no. 9 (August 15, 2022): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.37745/gjahss.2013/vol10n93443.
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This paper aims to identify the nature of the life of the Bedouin community in northern Israel and some of their customs and social behaviors, the Bedouin leadership systems, and the professions they undertake to secure their living requirements, most notably herding and agriculture. The Arab Bedouin of Israel and the Israeli-occupied West Bank have been subject to a series of human rights violations, including forced displacement, since the establishment of the state of Israel in 1948. They have been classified as a ‘security threat’ and branded as ‘squatters’ on state lands. Successive Israeli governments have sought to expropriate their land and concentrate them into townships. The Israeli authorities refuse to recognize them as an indigenous group and thereby withhold from them the full range of rights provided to indigenous people under international laws. Though forced displacements are not necessarily illegal, they are if they are arbitrary or discriminatory. Bedouin in Israel’s Negev desert live in some of the poorest conditions in Israel, deprived of basic rights, including the right to water, shelter and education. They live with the constant threat of eviction and home demolitions, under enormously stressful conditions that have a serious effect on their health and well-being.
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Pinkerton, John. "From parity to subsidiarity? children's policy in Northern Ireland under New Labour: the case of child welfare." Children & Society 17, no. 3 (2003): 254–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chi.766.
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Ojrzyńska, Katarzyna. "Eroticism in the “Cold Climate” of Northern Ireland in Christina Reid’s "The Belle of the Belfast City"." Text Matters, no. 3 (November 1, 2013): 121–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/texmat-2013-0030.
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Closely based on the dramatist’s personal experience, Christina Reid’s The Belle of the Belfast City offers a commentary on the life of the Protestant working class in the capital of Northern Ireland in the 1980s from a woman’s perspective. It shows the way eroticism is successfully used by the female characters as a source of emancipation as well as a means not only to secure their strong position in the private domain of the household, but also to challenge the patriarchal structures that prevail in the Irish public sphere. The analysis of the play proposed in this essay focuses on the contrast between the presentation of its male and female characters. I will demonstrate that, while the former group desperately cling to the idea of preserving the social status quo, the latter display a more progressive outlook on the social and sexual politics of the country. In particular, I will investigate how the tensions between the representatives of the two sexes reveal themselves in the corporal sphere. I will argue that, as opposed to the erotically-inhibited and physically-inarticulate male characters, the female dramatis personae take advantage of being more connected to their bodies and use their physicality in an erotic fashion to subvert the rules of the patriarchal system and its strict moral code that limits their social roles to those of respectful mothers, obedient sisters or virtuous wives.
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MITCHELL, AUDRA. "Quality/control: international peace interventions and ‘the everyday’." Review of International Studies 37, no. 4 (May 12, 2011): 1623–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210511000180.
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AbstractCurrent discourses about the everyday in relation to international peace interventions focus on two main aspects. First, the perceived quality or qualities of everyday life tend to be attributed to ‘local’ organisations or actors and assessed positively. Second, the control of life (including bio-political control and governance) tends to be associated with ‘international’ actors and viewed negatively. This article challenges these key assumptions by contextualising them in social and political theories of the everyday and in two key examples: ‘affective’ peacebuilding in Bosnia-Herzegovina, and ‘threatworks’ in Northern Ireland. It also calls for an approach to the ‘everyday’ in international interventions which moves beyond local/international power dynamics and is attentive to the pluralities of power and practice that emerge in these settings.
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Cummings, E. Mark, Alice C. Schermerhorn, Christine E. Merrilees, Marcie C. Goeke-Morey, Peter Shirlow, and Ed Cairns. "Political violence and child adjustment in Northern Ireland: Testing pathways in a social–ecological model including single-and two-parent families." Developmental Psychology 46, no. 4 (July 2010): 827–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0019668.
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