Academic literature on the topic 'Northern macro-slope'

On the base of investigation of material kept in Herbarium of flora laboratory (Institute for Biology and Pedology, National Aсademy of Sciences (FRU), a synopsis of the genus Phleum L. (Poaceae) in flora of Kyrgyz Republic with a key for identification of species and short citats is presented. Six species are recognized in Kyrgyz Republic (Phleum phleoides H. Karst., Phleum himalaicum Mez, Phleum paniculatum Huds., Phleum pratense L., Phleum roshevitzii Pavlov, Phleum alpinum L.). Phleumroshevitzii Pavlov newly reported for Kyrgyz Republic (Issyk-Kul Lake depression, Northern Kyrgyzstan). Maps of distribution for species growing in Kyrgyz Republic (Laskov GA., Sultanova BA., 2011) and list of studied specimens are provided. NK - Northern Kyrgyzstan (Chu Valley with adjacent northern macro-slope of Alexander Mountain Range, and the basin of Chon-Kemin River); IK - Issyk-Kul Lake depression (including northern macro-slope of TerskeiAla-Too Mountain Range, southern slope of KungeiAla-Too Mountain Range, basins of Tyup, Jergalan, and Karkyra rivers); CT - Central Tien Shan (basin of the Sary-Dzhaz River); WT - esternTien Shan (Talas and Chatkal valleys together with slopes of adjacent mountain ranges, and Ketmen-Tyube Valley); F - Cis-Ferghanian Kyrgyzstan (edges of the Fergana Valley, with adjacent macro-slopes of Chatkal Mountain Range, Fergana Mountain Range, Turkestan Mountain range, and Alai Mountain System); IT - Inner Tien Shan (the area bounded in the north by Kyrgyz Mt. Ridge, in the southwest by Fergana Mountain Range, and in the south-east by Kokshaal-Too Mountain System); А - Alai Valley (including southern macro-slope of Alai Mts. and northern macro-slope of Trans-Alai Mt. Range); EK - Entire territory of Kyrgyzstan (i. e. species is registered in all of abovementioned regions). Kyrgyz Republic is located in the centre of Eurasia. The distance to an Indian Ocean is about 3 000 km. The total square is about 198,500 km2. Altitudes are from 410 to 7 439 m above sea level. Over 90 % of the territory is elevated above 1 500 m. About 40 % of nearly uninhabitable: glaciers, permanent snow, rocks, scree, alpine desert, etc. Ca. 7 % of territory is occupied by the cultural landscape: fields, settlements, roads, and industry (Atlas…1987). Only the main literature sources are cited for species: “Flora URSS” (Ovczinnikov, 1934), “Flora of Kirghiz SSR”(Nikitina, 1950), “Conspectus florae AsiaeMediae” (Gamajunova, 1968), and also the monograph of Tzvelev NN. “Grasses of URSS” (Tzvelev, 1976). The article contains 1 Figures, 1 key for identification of species, and 11 References.

This paper discusses the main indicators diversity of vegetation in key areas of the northern macro slope of the Western Tannu-Ola Range. The degree of forest cover and vegetation fragmentation were estimated using Landsat-TM/ ETM+/OLI images for June 25, 1992, June 18, 1998 and June 24, 2015 in QGIS using the plugin Landscape Ecology. The Simpson index shows of increasing biodiversity in different altitudes. The results showed that with increasing climate warming in the region and maintaining this trend, the proportion of dark coniferous forest at all altitude levels (foothill, mid-elevation and high-elevation zones) will increase. And this led to a decrease in the fragmentation of the forest cover of northern macro slope of this range.

Received August 29, 2023; revised 4, September 2023; accepted October 2, 2023In June 2023, mass-balance and meteorological observations on Elbrus were expanded: monitoring of the Mikelchiran glacier on the northern slope of the volcano was added to the permanent observations on the southern slope (Garabashi glacier). Such synchronized observations on the opposite macro-slopes of Elbrus have not been carried out before.

For the first time, the paper reviews the results of detailed revision of herbarium materials from Poaceae Collection (FRU) kept in the Institute for Biology and Soil Science, National Academy of Sciences of the Kirgiz Republic (Bishkek). Synopsis of the genus Piptatherum Beauv. of Kirgiz flora is presented, with brief nomenclature citations and the key for identification. For species, only the main literature sources are cited: Flora of the URSS, Flora of Kirgiz SSR, Conspectus florae Asiae Mediae, and also Tsvelev’s monograph Grasses of the URSS. Piptatherum sogdianum (Grig.) Roshev. is newly reported for the Kyrgyzstan (Chon-Alai province, Alai mounting range, western slope, Kashka-Suuhole 29 VII 1948; Chon-Alai province, Alai mounting range, east stony slope, Balgyndyhole, 6 VIII 1948, Kashenko). The original illustrations, as photographs of spikelet and distributional maps, accompany the synopsis for each species: Piptatherum alpestre (Grig.) Roshev., Piptatherum ferganense (Litv.) Roshev.ex E. Nikit., Piptatherum holciforme (Bieb.) Roem.&Schult., Piptatherum laterale (Regel) Roshev., Piptatherum latifolium (Roshev.) Nevski, Piptatherum sogdianum (Grig.) Roshev., Piptatherum songaricum (Trin. &Rupr.) Roshev.exNikitina. Spreading within the Kirgizstan territory (conventional regions after the “Cadastre…2011”): Northern Kirgizstan, Issyk-Kul Lake depression, Central Tien Shan, Western Tien Shan, Cis-Ferghanian Kirgizstan, Inner Tien Shan, Alai Valley including southern macro-slope of Alai mountain range and northern macro-slope of Trans-Alai mountain range, entire territory of Kirgizstan.

This paper describes for the first time the chromosome set of stone marten in the North Caucasus from two disconnected points. The karyotype did not show polymorphism, both in number and morphology of autosomes and heterochromosomes. In a double set contains 38 chromosomes. In addition, new data on distribution based on the cadastral map, which is compiled on karyologically dated material, taking into account the altitudinal-belt structure of mountain landscapes, is presented. Also, new materials on the dynamics of numbers taking into account the habitat, as well as current trends of anthropogenic changes in the structure of the stone marten habitat in the northern macro slope of the Central Caucasus. The study showed that stone marten is a very plastic species and can inhabit the territory of the northern macro slope of the Central Caucasus and that, in the presence of food and suitable shelters in almost all biotopes, including anthropogenic. The number of stone marten in the study area is highest in the forest-steppe and subalpine zones.

This article describes the places of growth and populations composition of two rare species. Crocusalatavicus population, located on the northern macro slope of the eastern part of Kungei Alatau, is abundant and sustainable.Plagiobasis centauroides population, located in the desert-steppe low-mountain belt of the Boguty Mountains, is smalland is under the anthropogenic influence.

This paper presents the results of a study of the distribution and abundance of the Firecrest (Regulus ignicapilla), a rare bird at the edge of its distribution range and listed in the Red Data Book of the Krasnodar Territory. Research was conducted from 2006 to 2023 in the West Caucasus. The total length of the expedition routes amounted to 8,885 km. Population counts were carried out over 2096 km of the routes. Since 2022, field detection of the species has become significantly improved through the use of audio playback recordings of the species. As a result, new breeding areas have been discovered on the northern macro slope in the vicinity of the Guzeripl ranger station in the Caucasian Strict Nature Reserve, in the Malaya Laba River valley, and in the Bolshoy Thach Nature Park, while the distribution in the Mzymta River valley has also been clarified. New wintering areas in the foothills of the Black Sea region and on the Kuban Plain are shown. These data have significantly expanded the known range of the Firecrest in the West Caucasus. New information has been obtained on the altitudinal distribution of the Firecrest, as well as its relationship with the Goldcrest (Regulus regulus). On the northern macro slope of the Main Caucasus Range, firecrests live alongside goldcrests across an altitudinal range of 880–1580 m above sea-level, while on the southern macro slope they coexist across a range of 840–1680 m above sea-level. At higher altitudes, only goldcrests occur. The new data on the distribution and population density make it possible to provide estimates of the current sizes of the populations in the Krasnodar Territory (3.9 thousand pairs), the Republic of Adygea (1.8 thousand pairs), Abkhazia (2.1 thousand pairs) and in the entire West Caucasus (7.8 thousand pairs).

Studying the fish composition of small rivers and streams allows us to understand the diversity of species, their ecology, and the interrelationships in the ecosystem. Monitoring of these species can help in assessing the state of aquatic ecosystems and identifying potential problems. This paper shows the results of fish diversity studies of in 12 rivers flowing on the northern slope of the Saur-Tarbagatai Mountains. The study of fish diversity of 12 rivers in 2023 showed the presence of 10 species, representing native and alien ichthyofauna of Kazakhstan. The highest fish diversity was found in the Saryeshki river and the Kendirlik river. Only one fish species is represented in the rivers Zhinishkesu and Sarybulak. The dominant species in numbers are Siberian gudgeon, stone loach, European minnow, Chinese false gudgeon and naked osman. Aboriginal species spined loach is the least represented in all water bodies encountered, and as of 2023 it can be classified as a rare native fish.

A first characterization of the distribution and composition of benthic and demersal macro- and megafauna was derived based on video records sampled along five pre-determined transects up the slope on the western, northern and eastern sides of the Saya de Malha Bank on the Mascarene Plateau, starting at a maximum depth of 1000 m. Abundance was highest in the upper parts of eastern slope locations, primarily reflecting a relatively higher abundance of black corals (Antipatharia) than in other locations. A consistent feature of several transects, but most prominent in eastern and northern slopes, was the occurrence of patchy coral and sponge aggregations along the margin where the substrate was mostly hard. In some cases, these aggregations might be considered ‘gardens’ but reefs were not observed. Higher-level taxonomical composition of the fauna is presented. Demersal fish were widespread but not abundant, and within the depth range studied, there was a transition from a marginal shallow fish assemblage to a deepwater assemblage. Fishes were in most cases only assigned to family level, and 49 families were recorded. To thoroughly assess the biodiversity and abundance of fauna of the slopes of Saya de Malha Bank, further studies conducting more detailed video transects and sampling of specimens are warranted.

The Academician Obruchev Range is situated between Central Asian and the South Siberian high mountains. Residual influence of western moist air masses, constant influence of southern anticyclone in summer and northern one in winter form the semi-humid climate type of this region. The altitudinal belt vegetation structure of the western and central part of the southern macroslope of the Academician Obruchev Range belong to the East-Tuva semi-humid continental type. The upper limit of forests lies at the altitude about 1800 meters above s. l. The high-mountain belt is subdivided into two flora-coenotic complexes: the lower one (1800—2000 meters above s. l.) with domi­nation of moss–Betula rotundifolia shrub tundras and light forests, and the higher one (2000—2200 meters above s. l.) with lichen, dryad, crowberry and grass tundras prevalence. The plant communities belong to 19 associations, 9 formations, 8 florocoenotypes and 3 ecological-historical series. The cryohemixerophilous ecological-historical community series of mountain genesis, that were formed in moderately dry and cold environments, occupy the leading positions in high-mountain vegetation structure. The most widely spread communities of cryo-mesophilous ecological-historical series are light Pinus sibirica forests.