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Journal articles on the topic 'Nostoc. Nitrogen-fixing microorganisms. Ecology'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Thilak, T. S., P. V. Madhusoodanan, N. S. Pradeep, and R. Prakashkumar. "Isolation and taxonomy of the blue-green algae (Cyanobacteria), Nostoc and Anabaena in Kerala State, India." Acta Botanica Hungarica 62, no. 1-2 (2020): 163–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/034.62.2020.1-2.10.

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Blue-green algae (also called cyanobacteria) are ubiquitous, pristine and pioneer photosynthetic microorganisms. Many species of cyanobacteria are capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen and such species in wet soils are simultaneously augmenting the fertility of the soil, acting as natural bio-fertilizers. Nostoc and Anabaena are the two important genera of heterocystous cyanobacteria capable of contributing nitrogen to soil, especially in paddy fields. The major objectives of the investigation included survey, collection, isolation and pure culture of nitrogen-fixing species of Cyanobacteria

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Yeager, Chris M., Jennifer L. Kornosky, David C. Housman, Edmund E. Grote, Jayne Belnap, and Cheryl R. Kuske. "Diazotrophic Community Structure and Function in Two Successional Stages of Biological Soil Crusts from the Colorado Plateau and Chihuahuan Desert." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, no. 2 (2004): 973–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.2.973-983.2004.

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ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to characterize the community structure and activity of N2-fixing microorganisms in mature and poorly developed biological soil crusts from both the Colorado Plateau and Chihuahuan Desert. Nitrogenase activity was approximately 10 and 2.5 times higher in mature crusts than in poorly developed crusts at the Colorado Plateau site and Chihuahuan Desert site, respectively. Analysis of nifH sequences by clone sequencing and the terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism technique indicated that the crust diazotrophic community was 80 to 90% heterocyst

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Baker, Andrea C., Victoria J. Goddard, Joanne Davy, Declan C. Schroeder, David G. Adams, and William H. Wilson. "Identification of a Diagnostic Marker To Detect Freshwater Cyanophages of Filamentous Cyanobacteria." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, no. 9 (2006): 5713–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00270-06.

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ABSTRACT Cyanophages are viruses that infect the cyanobacteria, globally important photosynthetic microorganisms. Cyanophages are considered significant components of microbial communities, playing major roles in influencing host community diversity and primary productivity, terminating cyanobacterial water blooms, and influencing biogeochemical cycles. Cyanophages are ubiquitous in both marine and freshwater systems; however, the majority of molecular research has been biased toward the study of marine cyanophages. In this study, a diagnostic probe was developed to detect freshwater cyanophag

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Geethu, V., and Mamiyil Shamina. "Filamentous cyanobacteria from western ghats of North Kerala, India." Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy 28, no. 1 (2021): 83–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v28i1.54210.

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Cyanobacteria are Gram negative, photosynthetic and nitrogen fixing microorganisms which contribute much to our present-day life as medicines, foods, biofuels and biofertilizers. Western Ghats are the hotspots of biodiversity with rich combination of microbial flora including cyanobacteria. Though cosmopolitan in distribution, their abundance in tropical forests are not fully exploited. To fill up this knowledge gap, the present research was carried out on the cyanobacterial flora of Peruvannamuzhi forest and Janaki forests of Western Ghats in Kozhikode District, North Kerala State, India. Ext

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Williams, Wendy, Angela Chilton, Mel Schneemilch, Stephen Williams, Brett Neilan, and Colin Driscoll. "Microbial biobanking – cyanobacteria-rich topsoil facilitates mine rehabilitation." Biogeosciences 16, no. 10 (2019): 2189–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2189-2019.

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Abstract. Restoration of soils post-mining requires key solutions to complex issues through which the disturbance of topsoil incorporating soil microbial communities can result in a modification to ecosystem function. This research was in collaboration with Iluka Resources at the Jacinth–Ambrosia (J–A) mineral sand mine located in a semi-arid chenopod shrubland in southern Australia. At J–A, assemblages of microorganisms and microflora inhabit at least half of the soil surfaces and are collectively known as biocrusts. This research encompassed a polyphasic approach to soil microbial community

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Álvarez, Consolación, José A. Navarro, Fernando P. Molina-Heredia, and Vicente Mariscal. "Endophytic Colonization of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) by the Symbiotic Strain Nostoc punctiforme PCC 73102." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 33, no. 8 (2020): 1040–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-01-20-0015-sc.

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Cyanobacteria are phototrophic microorganisms able to establish nitrogen-fixing symbiotic associations with representatives of all four of the major phylogenetic divisions of terrestrial plants. Despite increasing knowledge on the beneficial effects of cyanobacteria in rice fields, the information about the interaction between these microorganisms and rice at the molecular and structural levels is still limited. We have used the model nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme to promote a long-term stable endophytic association with rice. Inoculation with this strain of hydroponic cult

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7

Dalton, David A., and J. Mark Chatfield. "A NEW NITROGEN-FIXING CYANOPHYTE-HEPATIC ASSOCIATION: NOSTOC AND PORELLA." American Journal of Botany 72, no. 5 (1985): 781–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1985.tb08339.x.

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Babic, Olivera, Jelica Simeunovic, Natasa Skrbic, Dajana Kovac, and Zorica Svircev. "Detection of phosphatase activity in aquatic and terrestrial cyanobacterial strains." Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke, no. 125 (2013): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmspn1325031b.

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Cyanobacteria, as highly adaptable microorganisms, are characterized by an ability to survive in different environmental conditions, in which a significant role belongs to their enzymes. Phosphatases are enzymes produced by algae in relatively large quantities in response to a low orthophosphate concentration and their activity is significantly correlated with their primary production. The activity of these enzymes was investigated in 11 cyanobacterial strains in order to determine enzyme synthesis depending on taxonomic and ecological group of cyanobacteria. The study was conducted with 4 ter

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9

Normand, Philippe, and Jean Bouquet. "Phylogeny of nitrogenase sequences inFrankia and other nitrogen-fixing microorganisms." Journal of Molecular Evolution 29, no. 5 (1989): 436–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02602914.

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10

Affourtit, J., J. P. Zehr, and H. W. Paerl. "Distribution of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms along the Neuse River Estuary, North Carolina." Microbial Ecology 41, no. 2 (2001): 114–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002480000090.

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Zhang, Lei, Thomas Hurek, and Barbara Reinhold-Hurek. "A nifH-based Oligonucleotide Microarray for Functional Diagnostics of Nitrogen-fixing Microorganisms." Microbial Ecology 53, no. 3 (2006): 456–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00248-006-9126-9.

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12

Lindberg, Pia, Peter Lindblad, and Laurent Cournac. "Gas Exchange in the Filamentous Cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme Strain ATCC 29133 and Its Hydrogenase-Deficient Mutant Strain NHM5." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, no. 4 (2004): 2137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.4.2137-2145.2004.

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ABSTRACT Nostoc punctiforme ATCC 29133 is a nitrogen-fixing, heterocystous cyanobacterium of symbiotic origin. During nitrogen fixation, it produces molecular hydrogen (H2), which is recaptured by an uptake hydrogenase. Gas exchange in cultures of N. punctiforme ATCC 29133 and its hydrogenase-free mutant strain NHM5 was studied. Exchange of O2, CO2, N2, and H2 was followed simultaneously with a mass spectrometer in cultures grown under nitrogen-fixing conditions. Isotopic tracing was used to separate evolution and uptake of CO2 and O2. The amount of H2 produced per molecule of N2 fixed was fou

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Zehr, Jonathan P., Mark T. Mellon, and Sabino Zani. "New Nitrogen-Fixing Microorganisms Detected in Oligotrophic Oceans by Amplification of Nitrogenase (nifH) Genes." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 64, no. 9 (1998): 3444–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.64.9.3444-3450.1998.

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ABSTRACT Oligotrophic oceanic waters of the central ocean gyres typically have extremely low dissolved fixed inorganic nitrogen concentrations, but few nitrogen-fixing microorganisms from the oceanic environment have been cultivated. Nitrogenase gene (nifH) sequences amplified directly from oceanic waters showed that the open ocean contains more diverse diazotrophic microbial populations and more diverse habitats for nitrogen fixers than previously observed by classical microbiological techniques. Nitrogenase genes derived from unicellular and filamentous cyanobacteria, as well as from the α a

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Vanlalsangi, Rebecca, Loknath Samanta, and Jyotirmoy Bhattacharya. "The 2,2’ Dipyridyl-Induced Iron Starvation and its Effects on Growth and Photosynthesis in Cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme ATCC 29133." Science & Technology Journal 8, no. 2 (2020): 112–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22232/stj.2020.08.02.17.

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Iron is essential for growth of most organisms, including cyanobacteria, a ubiquitous and ecologically important group of microorganisms in nature. The present study was initiated to investigate the effects of iron starvation on the growth, frequency of heterocysts (the sites for nitrogen-fixation), photosynthetic pigments and photosynthesis in the filamentous, nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme ATCC 29133. Iron starvation was achieved in cyanobacterial cultures by growing them in medium free of combined nitrogen containing 2,2’dipyridyl (a high affinity iron-chelator) without a

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Egupova, E. Yu, M. Yu Sharipova, and Sh R. Abdullin. "A STUDY OF LIFE CYCLE FEATURES OF THREE STRAINS OF CYANOBACTERIA NOSTOC CF. PUNCTIFORME VAUCH." Bulletin of Nizhnevartovsk State University, no. 2 (June 15, 2019): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.36906/2311-4444/19-2/02.

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The article presents the study of the life cycle of three strains (Pk20j, Ch55 and Sv31j) of filamentous nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria Nostoccf. punctiforme Vauch. The wide distribution, high adaptation potential, tolerance to the artificial cultivation conditions, high growth rates and peculiar features of physiological and biochemical processes (propensity for oxygenate photosynthesis, nitrogen fixation, etc.) make these microorganisms a convenient biotechnological object of research. Although Nostoc cf. punctiforme can find use in various fields of biotechnology, its life cycle is still poo

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Zehr, Jonathan P., Mark T. Mellon, and Sabino Zani. "New Nitrogen-Fixing Microorganisms Detected in Oligotrophic Oceans by Amplification of Nitrogenase (nifH) Genes." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 64, no. 12 (1998): 5067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.64.12.5067-5067.1998.

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Mirza, Babur S., Chotima Potisap, Klaus Nüsslein, Brendan J. M. Bohannan, and Jorge L. M. Rodrigues. "Response of Free-Living Nitrogen-Fixing Microorganisms to Land Use Change in the Amazon Rainforest." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 80, no. 1 (2013): 281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02362-13.

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ABSTRACTThe Amazon rainforest, the largest equatorial forest in the world, is being cleared for pasture and agricultural use at alarming rates. Tropical deforestation is known to cause alterations in microbial communities at taxonomic and phylogenetic levels, but it is unclear whether microbial functional groups are altered. We asked whether free-living nitrogen-fixing microorganisms (diazotrophs) respond to deforestation in the Amazon rainforest, using analysis of the marker genenifH. Clone libraries were generated from soil samples collected from a primary forest, a 5-year-old pasture origin

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Sjöholm, Johannes, Paulo Oliveira, and Peter Lindblad. "Transcription and Regulation of the Bidirectional Hydrogenase in the Cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. Strain PCC 7120." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 17 (2007): 5435–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00756-07.

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ABSTRACT The filamentous, heterocystous cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. strain PCC 7120 (Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120) possesses an uptake hydrogenase and a bidirectional enzyme, the latter being capable of catalyzing both H2 production and evolution. The completely sequenced genome of Nostoc sp. strain PCC 7120 reveals that the five structural genes encoding the bidirectional hydrogenase (hoxEFUYH) are separated in two clusters at a distance of approximately 8.8 kb. The transcription of the hox genes was examined under nitrogen-fixing conditions, and the results demonstrate that the cluster contain

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Ohkuma, Moriya, Satoko Noda, and Toshiaki Kudo. "Phylogenetic Diversity of Nitrogen Fixation Genes in the Symbiotic Microbial Community in the Gut of Diverse Termites." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 65, no. 11 (1999): 4926–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.65.11.4926-4934.1999.

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ABSTRACT Nitrogen fixation by the microorganisms in the gut of termites is one of the crucial aspects of symbiosis, since termites usually thrive on a nitrogen-poor diet. The phylogenetic diversity of the nitrogen-fixing organisms within the symbiotic community in the guts of various termite species was investigated without culturing the resident microorganisms. A portion of the dinitrogenase reductase gene (nifH) was directly amplified from DNA extracted from the mixed population in the termite gut. Analysis of deduced amino acid sequences of the products of the clonally isolated nifHgenes re

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Kapili, Bennett J., Samuel E. Barnett, Daniel H. Buckley, and Anne E. Dekas. "Evidence for phylogenetically and catabolically diverse active diazotrophs in deep-sea sediment." ISME Journal 14, no. 4 (2020): 971–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41396-019-0584-8.

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AbstractDiazotrophic microorganisms regulate marine productivity by alleviating nitrogen limitation. However, we know little about the identity and activity of diazotrophs in deep-sea sediments, a habitat covering nearly two-thirds of the planet. Here, we identify candidate diazotrophs from Pacific Ocean sediments collected at 2893 m water depth using 15N-DNA stable isotope probing and a novel pipeline for nifH sequence analysis. Together, these approaches detect an unexpectedly diverse assemblage of active diazotrophs, including members of the Acidobacteria, Firmicutes, Nitrospirae, Gammaprot

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Burke, David J., Erik P. Hamerlynck, and Dittmar Hahn. "Interactions among Plant Species and Microorganisms in Salt Marsh Sediments." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68, no. 3 (2002): 1157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.68.3.1157-1164.2002.

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ABSTRACT The interactions among Spartina patens and sediment microbial populations and the interactions among Phragmites australis and sediment microbial populations were studied at monotypic sites in Piermont Marsh, a salt marsh of the Hudson River north of New York, N.Y., at key times during the growing season. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) effectively colonized S. patens but not P. australis, and there were seasonal increases and decreases that coincided with plant growth and senescence (17 and 6% of the S. patens root length were colonized, respectively). In sediment samples from the

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Perrineau, M. M., C. Le Roux, A. Galiana, et al. "Differing Courses of Genetic Evolution of Bradyrhizobium Inoculants as Revealed by Long-Term Molecular Tracing in Acacia mangium Plantations." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 80, no. 18 (2014): 5709–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02007-14.

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ABSTRACTIntroducing nitrogen-fixing bacteria as an inoculum in association with legume crops is a common practice in agriculture. However, the question of the evolution of these introduced microorganisms remains crucial, both in terms of microbial ecology and agronomy. We explored this question by analyzing the genetic and symbiotic evolution of twoBradyrhizobiumstrains inoculated onAcacia mangiumin Malaysia and Senegal 15 and 5 years, respectively, after their introduction. Based on typing of several loci, we showed that these two strains, although closely related and originally sampled in Au

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da Silva, Marliane de Cássia Soares, Igor Rodrigues Mendes, Thiago de Almeida Paula, et al. "Expression of thenifHgene in diazotrophic bacteria inEucalyptus urograndisplantations." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 46, no. 2 (2016): 190–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2015-0063.

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A large proportion of eucalypt plantations in Brazil are located in areas with low soil fertility. The actions of microorganisms are of great importance for the cycling of nutrients, including nitrogen (N), that are essential for plant metabolism. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) was used to monitor and identify the total and active microorganisms involved in the N cycle in both the soil and root systems of a forest of Eucalyptus urograndis with sections that were fertilized with N or unfertilized. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to examine the expression of the nifH gene in

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Stieglmeier, Michaela, Reinhard Wirth, Gerhard Kminek, and Christine Moissl-Eichinger. "Cultivation of Anaerobic and Facultatively Anaerobic Bacteria from Spacecraft-Associated Clean Rooms." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75, no. 11 (2009): 3484–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02565-08.

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ABSTRACT In the course of this biodiversity study, the cultivable microbial community of European spacecraft-associated clean rooms and the Herschel Space Observatory located therein were analyzed during routine assembly operations. Here, we focused on microorganisms capable of growing without oxygen. Anaerobes play a significant role in planetary protection considerations since extraterrestrial environments like Mars probably do not provide enough oxygen for fully aerobic microbial growth. A broad assortment of anaerobic media was used in our cultivation strategies, which focused on microorga

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Sarkar, Debolina, Marine Landa, Anindita Bandyopadhyay, Himadri B. Pakrasi, Jonathan P. Zehr, and Costas D. Maranas. "Elucidation of trophic interactions in an unusual single-cell nitrogen-fixing symbiosis using metabolic modeling." PLOS Computational Biology 17, no. 5 (2021): e1008983. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008983.

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Marine nitrogen-fixing microorganisms are an important source of fixed nitrogen in oceanic ecosystems. The colonial cyanobacterium Trichodesmium and diatom symbionts were thought to be the primary contributors to oceanic N2 fixation until the discovery of the unusual uncultivated symbiotic cyanobacterium UCYN-A (Candidatus Atelocyanobacterium thalassa). UCYN-A has atypical metabolic characteristics lacking the oxygen-evolving photosystem II, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, the carbon-fixation enzyme RuBisCo and de novo biosynthetic pathways for a number of amino acids and nucleotides. Therefore,

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van den Elzen, Eva, Martine A. R. Kox, Sarah F. Harpenslager, et al. "Symbiosis revisited: phosphorus and acid buffering stimulate N<sub>2</sub> fixation but not <i>Sphagnum</i> growth." Biogeosciences 14, no. 5 (2017): 1111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1111-2017.

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Abstract. In pristine Sphagnum-dominated peatlands, (di)nitrogen (N2) fixing (diazotrophic) microbial communities associated with Sphagnum mosses contribute substantially to the total nitrogen input, increasing carbon sequestration. The rates of symbiotic nitrogen fixation reported for Sphagnum peatlands, are, however, highly variable, and experimental work on regulating factors that can mechanistically explain this variation is largely lacking. For two common fen species (Sphagnum palustre and S. squarrosum) from a high nitrogen deposition area (25 kg N ha−1 yr−1), we found that diazotrophic

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Mirza, Babur S., and Jorge L. M. Rodrigues. "Development of a Direct Isolation Procedure for Free-Living Diazotrophs under Controlled Hypoxic Conditions." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 78, no. 16 (2012): 5542–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00714-12.

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ABSTRACTFree-living diazotrophs are diverse and ubiquitous in soil, contributing the nitrogen pool in natural ecosystems. The isolation of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms has relied on semisolid nitrogen-free medium enrichment, followed by multiple subculturing steps. These procedures limit the diversity of recovered isolates. In the current study, we investigated three different isolation strategies for free-living diazotrophs using a soil sample from the Amazon forest. The methods were (i) direct plating on solid nitrogen-free medium under a 2% O2concentration, (ii) enrichment in semisolid ni

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Herrmann, Martina, Anna Rusznyák, Denise M. Akob, et al. "Large Fractions of CO2-Fixing Microorganisms in Pristine Limestone Aquifers Appear To Be Involved in the Oxidation of Reduced Sulfur and Nitrogen Compounds." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81, no. 7 (2015): 2384–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.03269-14.

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ABSTRACTThe traditional view of the dependency of subsurface environments on surface-derived allochthonous carbon inputs is challenged by increasing evidence for the role of lithoautotrophy in aquifer carbon flow. We linked information on autotrophy (Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle) with that from total microbial community analysis in groundwater at two superimposed—upper and lower—limestone groundwater reservoirs (aquifers). Quantitative PCR revealed that up to 17% of the microbial population had the genetic potential to fix CO2via the Calvin cycle, with abundances ofcbbMandcbbLgenes, encoding Ru

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Agervald, Åsa, Xiaohui Zhang, Karin Stensjö, Ellenor Devine, and Peter Lindblad. "CalA, a Cyanobacterial AbrB Protein, Interacts with the Upstream Region of hypC and Acts as a Repressor of Its Transcription in the Cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. Strain PCC 7120." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 76, no. 3 (2009): 880–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02521-09.

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ABSTRACT The filamentous, heterocystous, nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. strain PCC 7120 may contain, depending on growth conditions, up to two hydrogenases directly involved in hydrogen metabolism. HypC is one out of at least seven auxiliary gene products required for synthesis of a functional hydrogenase, specifically involved in the maturation of the large subunit. In this study we present a protein, CalA (Alr0946 in the genome), belonging to the transcription regulator family AbrB, which in protein-DNA assays was found to interact with the upstream region of hypC. Transcriptional

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Methé, Barbara A., Jennifer Webster, Kelly Nevin, Jessica Butler, and Derek R. Lovley. "DNA Microarray Analysis of Nitrogen Fixation and Fe(III) Reduction in Geobacter sulfurreducens." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, no. 5 (2005): 2530–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.5.2530-2538.2005.

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ABSTRACT A DNA microarray representing the genome of Geobacter sulfurreducens was constructed for use in global gene expression profiling of cells under steady-state conditions with acetate as the electron donor and Fe(III) or fumarate as the electron acceptor. Reproducible differences in transcript levels were also observed in comparisons between cells grown with ammonia and those fixing atmospheric nitrogen. There was a high correlation between changes in transcript levels determined with microarray analyses and an evaluation of a subset of the genome with quantitative PCR. As expected, cell

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van Schie, Paula M., and L. Y. Young. "Isolation and Characterization of Phenol-Degrading Denitrifying Bacteria." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 64, no. 7 (1998): 2432–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.64.7.2432-2438.1998.

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ABSTRACT Phenol is a man-made as well as a naturally occurring aromatic compound and an important intermediate in the biodegradation of natural and industrial aromatic compounds. Whereas many microorganisms that are capable of aerobic phenol degradation have been isolated, only a few phenol-degrading anaerobic organisms have been described to date. In this study, three novel nitrate-reducing microorganisms that are capable of using phenol as a sole source of carbon were isolated and characterized. Phenol-degrading denitrifying pure cultures were obtained by enrichment culture from anaerobic se

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Gauthier, Francis, Josh D. Neufeld, Brian T. Driscoll, and Frederick S. Archibald. "Coliform Bacteria and Nitrogen Fixation in Pulp and Paper Mill Effluent Treatment Systems." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66, no. 12 (2000): 5155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.66.12.5155-5160.2000.

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ABSTRACT The majority of pulp and paper mills now biotreat their combined effluents using activated sludge. On the assumption that their wood-based effluents have negligible fixed N, and that activated-sludge microorganisms will not fix significant N, these mills routinely spend large amounts adding ammonia or urea to their aeration tanks (bioreactors) to permit normal biomass growth. N2 fixation in seven Eastern Canadian pulp and paper mill effluent treatment systems was analyzed using acetylene reduction assays, quantitative nitrogenase (nifH) gene probing, and bacterial isolations. In situ

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Bagwell, Christopher E., and Charles R. Lovell. "Persistence of Selected Spartina alternifloraRhizoplane Diazotrophs Exposed to Natural and Manipulated Environmental Variability." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66, no. 11 (2000): 4625–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.66.11.4625-4633.2000.

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ABSTRACT Rhizoplane-rhizosphere nitrogen-fixing microorganisms (diazotrophs) are thought to provide a major source of biologically available nitrogen in salt marshes dominated bySpartina alterniflora. Compositional and functional stability has been demonstrated for this important functional group; however, the quantitative responses of specific diazotroph populations to environmental variability have not been assessed. Changes in the relative abundances of selected rhizoplane diazotrophs in response to long-term fertilization were monitored quantitatively by reverse sample genome probing. Fert

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Bélanger, Pier-Anne, Jean-Philippe Bellenger, and Sébastien Roy. "Strong modulation of nutrient distribution in Alnus glutinosa as a function of the actinorhizal symbiosis." Botany 91, no. 4 (2013): 218–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2012-0184.

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Micro- and macro-nutrient acquisition by plants and microorganisms is a cornerstone for their survival and has a direct impact on biogeochemical cycling. In this study, we investigated, in controlled conditions, how the availability of exogenous nitrate impacted nutrient acquisition and distribution in black alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) in the presence, or absence, of its nitrogen-fixing bacterial symbiont (Frankia sp.). Our findings show that alder physiology and distribution of nutrients between aerial and root tissues were strongly influenced by the presence of the symbiont. In both

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Roper, MM, and V. Gupta. "Management-practices and soil biota." Soil Research 33, no. 2 (1995): 321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9950321.

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The soil biota consist of a large number and range of micro- and macro-organisms and are the living part of soils. They interact with each other and with plants, directly providing nutrition and other benefits. They regulate their own populations as well as those of incoming microorganisms by biological control mechanisms. Microorganisms are responsible for organic matter decomposition and for the transformations of organically bound nitrogen and minerals to forms that are available to plants. Their physical structure and products contribute significantly to soil structure. Management practice

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Blumenberg, M., C. Berndmeyer, M. Moros, M. Muschalla, O. Schmale, and V. Thiel. "Bacteriohopanepolyols record stratification, nitrogen fixation and other biogeochemical perturbations in Holocene sediments of the Central Baltic Sea." Biogeosciences Discussions 9, no. 12 (2012): 17139–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-9-17139-2012.

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Abstract. The Baltic Sea, one of the world's largest brackish-marine basins, established after deglaciation of Scandinavia about 17 000 to 15 000 yr ago. In the changeable history of the Baltic Sea, the initial freshwater system was connected to the North Sea about 8000 yr ago and the modern brackish-marine setting (Littorina Sea) was established. Today, a relatively stable stratification developed in the water column of the deep basins due to salinity differences. Stratification is only occasionally interrupted by mixing events, and controls nutrient availability and growth of specifically ad

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Blumenberg, M., C. Berndmeyer, M. Moros, M. Muschalla, O. Schmale, and V. Thiel. "Bacteriohopanepolyols record stratification, nitrogen fixation and other biogeochemical perturbations in Holocene sediments of the central Baltic Sea." Biogeosciences 10, no. 4 (2013): 2725–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-2725-2013.

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Abstract. The Baltic Sea, one of the world's largest brackish-marine basins, established after deglaciation of Scandinavia about 17 000 to 15 000 yr ago. In the changeable history of the Baltic Sea, the initial freshwater system was connected to the North Sea about 8000 yr ago and the modern brackish-marine setting (Littorina Sea) was established. Today, a relatively stable stratification has developed in the water column of the deep basins due to salinity differences. Stratification is only occasionally interrupted by mixing events, and it controls nutrient availability and growth of specific

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Zani, Sabino, Mark T. Mellon, Jackie L. Collier, and Jonathan P. Zehr. "Expression of nifH Genes in Natural Microbial Assemblages in Lake George, New York, Detected by Reverse Transcriptase PCR." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66, no. 7 (2000): 3119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.66.7.3119-3124.2000.

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ABSTRACT A modified nested reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) method was used to detect the expression of nitrogenase genes in meso-oligotrophic Lake George, New York. Net (>20-μm pore size) plankton samples collected from two sites (Dome Island and Hague Marina) were extracted for total RNA and genomic DNA to determine the identity of diazotrophic organisms that were present and those that were actively expressing nitrogenase genes. Phylogenetic analysis of individual sequences cloned from PCR amplifications showed that there were phylogenetically diverse groups of bacteria that possessed

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Llamas, Inmaculada, Neela Keshavan, and Juan E. GonzÃ¯Â¿Â½lez. "Use of Sinorhizobium meliloti as an Indicator for Specific Detection of Long-Chain N-Acyl Homoserine Lactones." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, no. 6 (2004): 3715–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.6.3715-3723.2004.

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ABSTRACT Population-density-dependent gene expression in gram-negative bacteria involves the production of signal molecules characterized as N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs). The synthesis of AHLs by numerous microorganisms has been identified by using biosensor strains based on the Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Chromobacterium violaceum quorum-sensing systems. The symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacterium Sinorhizobium meliloti is rapidly becoming a model organism for the study of quorum sensing. This organism harbors at least three different quorum-sensing systems (Sin, Mel, and Tra), which play

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Jenkins, Bethany D., Grieg F. Steward, Steven M. Short, Bess B. Ward, and Jonathan P. Zehr. "Fingerprinting Diazotroph Communities in the Chesapeake Bay by Using a DNA Macroarray." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, no. 3 (2004): 1767–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.3.1767-1776.2004.

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ABSTRACT Investigations of the distribution and diversity of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms in natural environments have often relied on PCR amplification and sequence analysis of a portion of one of the key enzymes in nitrogen fixation, dinitrogenase reductase, encoded by nifH. Recent work has suggested that DNA macroarrays provide semiquantitative fingerprints of diversity within mixtures of nifH amplicons (G. F. Steward, B. D. Jenkins, B. B. Ward, and J. P. Zehr, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 70:1455-1465, 2004). Here we report the application of macroarrays for a study in the Chesapeake Bay. S

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Verseux, Cyprien, Mickael Baqué, Kirsi Lehto, Jean-Pierre P. de Vera, Lynn J. Rothschild, and Daniela Billi. "Sustainable life support on Mars – the potential roles of cyanobacteria." International Journal of Astrobiology 15, no. 1 (2015): 65–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147355041500021x.

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AbstractEven though technological advances could allow humans to reach Mars in the coming decades, launch costs prohibit the establishment of permanent manned outposts for which most consumables would be sent from Earth. This issue can be addressed byin situresource utilization: producing part or all of these consumables on Mars, from local resources. Biological components are needed, among other reasons because various resources could be efficiently produced only by the use of biological systems. But most plants and microorganisms are unable to exploit Martian resources, and sending substrate

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Zhatova, H. O., L. M. Bondarieva, and Y. V. Koplyk. "Features of the rhiospheric microbiota of medicinal plants." Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The series: Agronomy and Biology, no. 4(38) (December 25, 2019): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.32845/agrobio.2019.4.9.

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Medicinal plants are the source of biologically active compounds that are in constant demand for the pharmacological industry. Active production of plant secondary metabolites is possible only under optimal conditions of plant growth and development. The state of medicinal plants is controlled not only by genotype and environmental conditions but by the qualitative and quantitative composition of their microbiota as well. The study of the structure and function of the rhizospheric communities of medicinal plants is important for obtaining of high quality medicinal raw materials. Microorganisms

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Lazali, Mohamed, Simon Boudsocq, Elisa Taschen, et al. "CROSYMED Project: Enhancing Nutrient Use Efficiency through Legumes in Agroecosystems of the Mediterranean Basin." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (2021): 4695. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13094695.

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Modern intensive agricultural systems generally focus on the productivity of monocultures. They are characterized by a low diversity of crops, with uniform and symmetrical planting layouts. They largely rely on the utilization of chemical inputs. They are widely denounced for their negative environmental impacts. In this context, the ecological intensification framework proposes the exploitation of biodiversity in order to better achieve such ecosystem services and soil conservation. Intercropping, i.e., the simultaneous growth of two or more crops mixed in the same field, appears to have the

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Sugawara, Masayuki, Eddie J. Cytryn, and Michael J. Sadowsky. "Functional Role of Bradyrhizobium japonicum Trehalose Biosynthesis and Metabolism Genes during Physiological Stress and Nodulation." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 76, no. 4 (2009): 1071–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02483-09.

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ABSTRACT Trehalose, a disaccharide accumulated by many microorganisms, acts as a protectant during periods of physiological stress, such as salinity and desiccation. Previous studies reported that the trehalose biosynthetic genes (otsA, treS, and treY) in Bradyrhizobium japonicum were induced by salinity and desiccation stresses. Functional mutational analyses indicated that disruption of otsA decreased trehalose accumulation in cells and that an otsA treY double mutant accumulated an extremely low level of trehalose. In contrast, trehalose accumulated to a greater extent in a treS mutant, and

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Wu, Jianqiang, Chenyan Sha, Min Wang, Chunmei Ye, Peng Li, and Shenfa Huang. "Effect of Organic Fertilizer on Soil Bacteria in Maize Fields." Land 10, no. 3 (2021): 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10030328.

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Soil microorganisms play an important role in agricultural ecosystems, but their response to organic fertilizer application has not been thoroughly elucidated. Thus, high-throughput sequencing was used to investigate the responses of soil bacterial to organic fertilizer amendment (composted from pig manure) in the field during the entire growth cycle of maize plants. Four treatments were studied: treatment with 2 kg·m−2 organic fertilizer application (OF_2), treatment with 4 kg·m−2 organic fertilizer application (OF_4), treatment with 6 kg·m−2 organic fertilizer application (OF_6), and a contr

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Turk-Kubo, K. A., I. E. Frank, M. E. Hogan, A. Desnues, S. Bonnet, and J. P. Zehr. "Diazotroph community succession during the VAHINE mesocosms experiment (New Caledonia Lagoon)." Biogeosciences Discussions 12, no. 12 (2015): 9043–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-12-9043-2015.

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Abstract. The VAHINE mesocosm experiment, conducted in the low-nutrient low-chlorophyll waters of the Noumea Lagoon (coastal New Caledonia) was designed to trace the incorporation of nitrogen (N) fixed by diazotrophs into the food web, using large volume (50 m3) mesocosms. This experiment provided a unique opportunity to study the succession of different N2-fixing microorganisms (diazotrophs) and calculate in situ net growth and loss rates in response to fertilization with dissolved inorganic phosphate (DIP) over a 23 day period, using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays. Insi

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Paerl, Hans W., Rolland S. Fulton, Pia H. Moisander, and Julianne Dyble. "Harmful Freshwater Algal Blooms, With an Emphasis on Cyanobacteria." Scientific World JOURNAL 1 (2001): 76–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2001.16.

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Suspended algae, or phytoplankton, are the prime source of organic matter supporting food webs in freshwater ecosystems. Phytoplankton productivity is reliant on adequate nutrient supplies; however, increasing rates of nutrient supply, much of it manmade, fuels accelerating primary production or eutrophication. An obvious and problematic symptom of eutrophication is rapid growth and accumulations of phytoplankton, leading to discoloration of affected waters. These events are termed blooms. Blooms are a prime agent of water quality deterioration, including foul odors and tastes, deoxygenation o

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Turk-Kubo, K. A., I. E. Frank, M. E. Hogan, A. Desnues, S. Bonnet, and J. P. Zehr. "Diazotroph community succession during the VAHINE mesocosm experiment (New Caledonia lagoon)." Biogeosciences 12, no. 24 (2015): 7435–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-7435-2015.

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Abstract. The VAHINE mesocosm experiment, conducted in the low-nutrient low-chlorophyll waters of the Noumea lagoon (coastal New Caledonia) was designed to trace the incorporation of nitrogen (N) fixed by diazotrophs into the food web, using large volume (50 m3) mesocosms. This experiment provided a unique opportunity to study the succession of different N2-fixing microorganisms (diazotrophs) and calculate in situ net growth and mortality rates in response to fertilization with dissolved inorganic phosphate (DIP) over a 23-day period, using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays

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Pajares, Silvia, and Brendan J. M. Bohannan. "Ecology of Nitrogen Fixing, Nitrifying, and Denitrifying Microorganisms in Tropical Forest Soils." Frontiers in Microbiology 7 (July 5, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01045.

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Rizo, Jocelin, Marco A. Rogel, Daniel Guillén, et al. "Nitrogen Fixation in Pozol, a Traditional Fermented Beverage." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 86, no. 16 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00588-20.

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ABSTRACT Traditional fermentations have been widely studied from the microbiological point of view, but little is known from the functional perspective. In this work, nitrogen fixation by free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria was conclusively demonstrated in pozol, a traditional Mayan beverage prepared with nixtamalized and fermented maize dough. Three aspects of nitrogen fixation were investigated to ensure that fixation actually happens in the dough: (i) the detection of acetylene reduction activity directly in the substrate, (ii) the presence of potential diazotrophs, and (iii) an in situ in

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