Relevant bibliographies by topics / Nostratic hypothesis

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Academic literature on the topic 'Nostratic hypothesis'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 August 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Nostratic hypothesis"

1

McCall, Daniel F., and Allan R. Bomhard. "Indo-European and the Nostratic Hypothesis, 1996." International Journal of African Historical Studies 30, no. 2 (1997): 473. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/221291.

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Cavoto, Fabrice. "Supplétion et récurrence des thèmes pronominaux nostratiques." Diachronica 20, no. 2 (December 31, 2003): 229–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.20.2.02cav.

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In this paper, it is shown that most of the language families claimed to derive from a common Nostratic protolanguage exhibit complex pronominal systems characterized by intricate patterns of recurrence and suppletion in the personal, demonstrative and possibly interrogative pronominal stems. The analysis proposed here, employing the strict principles of the comparative method, shows that these patterns are probably not due to coincidence but rather represent a new argument in favor of the Nostratic hypothesis.
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Rakhimova, Bella, and Seda Aslakhanova. "Digital Energy as a Factor of Economic Development of the Region." SHS Web of Conferences 172 (2023): 02026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202317202026.

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The greatest soviet Slavic linguist made a revolutionary discovery in linguistics, especially in Indo-European linguistics, proving the distant kinship of the more explored macro-families of languages at that time. The merit of V.M. Illich-Svitych is that he gave the scientific form to the Nostratic hypothesis, i.e. he established systemic patterns between reconstructions. Further research in Nostratic linguistics should lead linguists to prove the theory of language monogenesis. Many linguists have not accepted this hypothesis, including most of the Western scholars. The main burden of proving the distant relationship of macro-families falls on the shoulders of the Moscow School of Comparative Studies and the like-minded collegues of V.M. Illich-Svitych. Today, when the Moscow School of Comparative Studies created several Internet projects and websites to expand etymological and linguistic databases, everything is in favor of the monogenesis hypothesis.
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4

Tokaeva, A. S., and L. B.-A. Abdulvakhabova. "Nostratic and Monogenetic Theories in Linguistics in the Epoch of Digital Technologies." SHS Web of Conferences 172 (2023): 01010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202317201010.

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The greatest soviet Slavic linguist made a revolutionary discovery in linguistics, especially in Indo-European linguistics, proving the distant kinship of the more explored macro-families of languages at that time. The merit of V.M. Illich-Svitych is that he gave the scientific form to the Nostratic hypothesis, i.e. he established systemic patterns between reconstructions. Further research in Nostratic linguistics should lead linguists to prove the theory of language monogenesis. Many linguists have not accepted this hypothesis, including most of the Western scholars. The main burden of proving the distant relationship of macro-families falls on the shoulders of the Moscow School of Comparative Studies and the like-minded collegues of V.M. Illich-Svitych. Today, when the Moscow School of Comparative Studies created several Internet projects and websites to expand etymological and linguistic databases, everything is in favor of the monogenesis hypothesis.
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5

Sidwell, Paul J. "Review of Bomhard (1996): Indo-European and the Nostratic Hypothesis." Diachronica 15, no. 2 (January 1, 1998): 341–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.15.2.09sid.

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6

Ringe, Donald A. "'Nostratic' and the Factor of Chance." Diachronica 12, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 55–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.12.1.04rin.

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SUMMARY The distribution of reflexes of 'Nostratic' roots among the first-order subgroups of the proposed family in Illic-Svityc (1971) is not significantly different from a binomial distribution, the type of curve described by random chance similarities of uniform probability. By contrast, Pokorny (1959) shows a very different distribution of Indo-European cognates. This graphically illustrates the fact that the resemblances between recognized language families on which the Nostratic hypothesis is based have never been demonstrated to be greater-than-chance — unlike the resemblances between languages of the Indo-European family, or within any other generally recognized language family. RÉSUMÉ Parmi les sous-groupes de premier ordre de la famille 'nostratique' telle que proposee par Illic-Svityc (1971), on ne retrouve pas de difference significative entre la distribution des reflexes de racines 'nostratiques' et une distribution binomiale, c'est a dire la courbe qui represente des similarites a probabilité uniforme dues au hasard. En contraste, Pokorny (1959) demontre une distribution tout a fait differente pour les mots apparentes dans les langues indo-europeennes. Cela illustre clairement le fait que contrairement aux ressem-blances entre les langues de la famille indo-europeenne ou de n'importe quelle autre famille linguistique generalement reconnue, on n'a encore jamais etabli un caractere plus qu'arbitraire pour les ressemblances entre les families linguis-tiques reconnues sur lesquelles se base l'hypothese nostratique. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Die Verteilung der Reflexe 'nostratischer' Wurzeln innerhalb der Unter-gruppen der ersten Odnung der in Illic-Svityc (1971) vorgeschlagenen Sprach-familie unterscheidet sich nur geringfügig von einer binomischen Distribution, einem Kurventyp, der durch zufallige Ahnlichkeiten gleichformiger Wahr-scheinlichkeiten gekennzeichnet ist Im Gegensatz hierzu zeigt Pokorny (1959) eine ganz andersartige Verteilung der untereinander verwandten Wurzelformen des Indoeuropaischen. Graphisch gesehen, illustriert dies die Tatsache, daß für die Ahnlichkeiten zwischen erwiesenen Sprachfamilien, auf die die nostratische Hypothese sich stutzt, bisher keine groBer als zufallige Ahnlichkeiten nachge-wiesen worden sind — ganz anders also als im Falle der indoeuropaischen Familie oder jeder anderen allgemein anerkannten Sprachfamilie.
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Manaster-Ramer, Alexis. "Clusters or Affricates in Kartvelian and Nostratic?" Diachronica 11, no. 2 (January 1, 1994): 157–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.11.2.02man.

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SUMMARY Among the weakest points of Illic-Svityd's reconstruction of Nostratic is the complex system of affricates, which in Indo-European are supposed to yield *st, *sk, *skw, and *sky clusters. In what is one of the few substantive critiques of the Nostratic hypothesis, Doerfer (1973) took the proposed direction of change from affricates to clusters as a reductio ab absurdum. However, many Kartvelian specialists assume a parallel shift from affricates to clusters in most languages of this family. If we accept this, then Illic-Svitye's proposals for Nostratic and Indo-European find a precedent. On the other hand, it seems more likely that Proto-Kartvelian had clusters, which simplified to affricates in one language. And by the same token, it is possible that Nostratic had clusters instead of the affricates reconstructed by Illic-Svityc. These clusters are in certain cases preserved not only in Indo-European but also in most Kartvelian languages, whereas all other Nostratic languages have affricates. RÉSUMÉ La reconstruction du 'nostratique' d'lllic-Svityc compte parmi ses plus grandes faiblesses un systeme complexe de consonnes affriquees qui, grandes faiblesses un systeme complexe de consonnes affriquees qui, selon lui, seraient devenues les groupes consonnantiques *st, *sk, *skw et *sky en indo-europeen. Doerfer (1973), dans une des rares critiques concretes de l'hypo-these nostratique, qualifia de reductio ab absurdum une telle directionalite de changement, c'est-à-dire, la transformation d'affriqees en groupes consonnantiques. Cependant, de nombreux specialistes ont propose un changement phonologique tout a fait semblable pour la plupart des langues kartveliennes. En acceptant leur supposition, on retrouve donc un cas precédent pour la théorie phonologique d'lllie-Svitye concernant le nostratique et l'indo-euro-péen. D'un autre coté, il parait plus probable que la langue proto-karvelienne avait dék des groupes consonnantiques et que ceux-ci se soient transformé en affriquées dans Tune des ses langues derivatives. Pareillement, il est possible que la langue nostratique avait aussi des groupes consonnantiques au lieu des affriqu6es reconstruites par Illié-Svityc. Dans certains cas, ces groupes consonnantiques ont ete preserves, non seulement en indo-europeen mais aussi dans la majorité des langues kartveliennes, tandis que toutes les autres langues nostratiques ont des affriquees. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Einer der schwachsten Punkten in Illic-Svityds Rekonstruktion des Nostra-tischen betrifft das komplexe System der Affrikaten, die im Indoeuropeaischen *st, *sk, *skw und *sky-Verbindungen ergeben sollen. Doerfer (1973), eine der wenigen substantiellen Kritiken der nostratischen Hypothese, sah in der dort angenommenen Richtung des Wandels von Affrikaten zu solchen Konso-nantenverbindungen eine reductio ab absurdwn. Indes gehen viele Spezialisten des Kartwelischen davon aus, daB in fast alien Sprachen dieser Familie ein solcher Wandel von Affrikaten zu diesen Verbindungen stattgefunden habe. Wenn wir also Illic-Svitycs Vorschlage für das Nostratische und das Indo-europeaische annehmen, dann hatten wir hier einen Praszendenzfall. Dagegen scheint es eher wahrscheinlich, daB das Proto-Kartwelische Konsonantenver-bindungen hatte, die in einer Sprache zu Affrikaten vereinfacht wurden. Eben-so ware es denkbar, daB das Nostratische solche Konsonantenverbindungen anstelle der von Illic-Svitye rekonstruierten Affrikaten hatte. Diese Verbindungen sind in der Tat in verschiedenen Fallen nicht nur im Indoeuropeaischen sondern auch in den meisten kartwelischen Sprachen erhalten, wahrend alle ubrigen nostratischen Sprachen Affrikaten haben.
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Сысоева, М. Э. "Кавказские изыскания московской школы компаративистики в воспоминаниях участников / Caucasian Studies of the Moscow School of Comparative Linguistics as Remembered by Its Participants." Вестник антропологии (Herald of Anthropology), no. 2024 № 2 (June 2024): 310–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33876/2311-0546/2024-2/310-321.

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На протяжении XIX в. сравнительно-историческое языкознание (известное также как лингвистическая компаративистика) занимало господствующие позиции в мировой лингвистике. Методология этого научного направления позволяет реконструировать и сопоставить известные языки, установить языковые контакты и связи. В 1960-х гг. в отечественной лингвистике сложилось своё уникальное интеллектуальное сообщество, ставшее ведущим в мире в области исследования дальнего языкового родства, — Московская школа компаративистики (МШК). На первых порах её исследования сосредотачивались главным образом на активном развитии т.н. ностратической гипотезы, предполагающей родство алтайских, картвельских, дравидийских, индоевропейских, уральских и афразийских языков. Однако ностратика не была единственным интересом последующих поколений компаративистов. Так, в статье представлен науковедческий анализ теоретического вклада московской школы компаративистики в отечественное и мировое кавказоведение. Внимание обращено на одну из знаковых и вместе с тем спорных идей этой лингвистической школы — сино-кавказскую гипотезу, выдвинутую выдающимся лингвистом С. А. Старостиным в 1980-х гг. Верификация этой колоссальной идеи требовала в свою очередь сперва провести реконструкцию языковых семей, входящих в базовый состав сино-кавказских языков (сино-тибетских, северокавказских и енисейских). Результатом долгой и плодотворной работы стала публикация в 1994 г. «Этимологического словаря севернокавказских языков» Николаева-Старостина, совершившего определенный прорыв в кавказоведении. Основываясь на собранных автором материалах интервью с коллегами и ближайшими соратниками Старостина (2020–2022 гг.), в статье описана история зарождения идеи и её реализация, поддержка и критика коллег, а также общественный резонанс, вызванный предложенными классификациями. Throughout the 19th century, comparative and historical linguistics (also known as comparative linguistics) occupied dominant positions in world linguistics. The methodology of this scientific direction aims at reconstructing and comparing known languages, establishing linguistic contacts and connections. In the 1960s, the Moscow School of Comparative Linguistics (also called the Nostratic School), a unique intellectual community that became the world's leading one in the study of distant linguistic affinities, emerged in Russian linguistics. At first, its research focused mainly on the active development of the so-called Nostratic hypothesis, which assumed the kinship of Altaic, Kartvelian, Dravidian, Indo-European, Uralic and Afroasiatic languages. However, Nostratics was not the only interest of subsequent generations of comparativists. Thus, the article presents a scholarly analysis of the theoretical contribution of the Moscow school of comparativism to Russian and world Caucasian studies. Attention is drawn to one of the landmark and, at the same time, controversial ideas of this linguistic school — the Sino-Caucasian hypothesis put forward by the outstanding linguist S. A. Starostin in the 1980s. Verification of this colossal idea required, in turn, first to reconstruct the language families that make up the basic composition of the Sino-Caucasian languages (Sino-Tibetan, North Caucasian and Yeniseian languages). This long and fruitful work resulted in the publication of the Etymological Dictionary of North Caucasian Languages by S. L. Nikolaiev and S. A. Starostin in 1994, which made a certain breakthrough in Caucasian studies. Based on interviews with Starostin's colleagues and close associates (2020–2022) collected by the author, the article describes the history of the idea's origin and its realization, the support and criticism of colleagues, and the public response caused by the proposed classifications.
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Muratova, Rimma T. "Историческое и лексико-семантическое развитие цветообозначения al ‘алый, розовый’ в тюркских языках." Oriental Studies 13, no. 3 (December 24, 2020): 714–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2619-0990-2020-49-3-714-727.

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Introduction. The article examines the color term al ‘pink; scarlet’ in Turkic languages. Goals. The study aims at considering the lexeme in comparative historical and lexical-semantic perspectives. This involves a number of objectives, such as to review and analyze hypotheses on etymology of the word, identify the functioning of the lexeme in ancient and modern languages, determine characteristics of use of the word’s meanings in certain Turkic languages, delineate common Turkic and specific (belonging to a separate subgroup) development trends of the lexeme al. Materials and Methods. To facilitate the latter, an extensive theoretical and source base on Turkic languages is employed: when it comes to origins of the word, special attention is paid to fundamental scientific works on Turkic and Altai etymologies; ancient Turkic, medieval written monuments, lexicographic works on particular Turkic languages are examined to reveal semantic features of the word in ancient and modern languages. In general, the work proves topical due to the absence of any comprehensive study dealing with etymology, development and functioning of the token in Turkic languages. Results. The study reveals that the al lexeme is essentially ancient: scholars have restored its Pre-Turkic (*Āl) and Pre-Altaic (*ŋiōle) forms, with its Nostratic origin identified. The word is frequently traced in written sources of the Turks from earliest monuments. The token al is integral to most Turkic languages, except for the Chuvash, Altai, Tuva, Karachay-Balkar, and Karakalpak ones. In Yakut and Khakass, the lexeme ālaj is perceived as a loanword. Thus, the gloss al was widely used mainly in Western Turkic languages. In ancient and modern Turkic languages, the word al has meanings as follows: ‘scarlet, pink, ruddy’, ‘orange’, ‘brown’, ‘red, bay (horse coat color)’, ‘young’, ‘yellow’, ‘noble’, ‘magical’, ‘bright, motley’, and some substantives ― ‘seal, credential issued by Khans’, ‘rouge’, ‘woman’s headwear’. Conclusions. The ancient Turkic colour term al is (was) not universally distributed in all Turkic languages. The wide (though uneven) use of the word and further development of its semantics occurs in the Kipchak and Oghuz languages where the gloss al has a number of additional connotative and metaphorical meanings.
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10

Федорова, Л. В. "ЭПОС О КЕСАРЕ ЛИНГСКОМ КАК ИСТОЧНИК ВИССЛЕДОВАНИИ РЕЛИГИЙ ТЕНГРИ И БОН." Эпосоведение, no. 4(4) (December 28, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.25587/svfu.2016.4.10853.

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В статье дается краткий обзор работ участников комплексных международных экспедиций в Тибет 2000-2004 гг. со сравнительным обзором эпосов и небесных религий тюрков, монголов и тибетцев. Даются гипотезы и выводы участников экспедиций, в основном использующих материалы Ю. Н. Рериха.Автором на материале статьи Ю. Н. Рериха «The Epic of King Kesar of Ling» (Эпос о Царе Кесаре Лингском), опубликованного в 1942 г. в периодическом издании Индии в журнале Бенгальского Королевского Азиатского общества (The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, JRAS), которая затем вошла в том избранных трудов ученого, посмертно изданного Институтом народов Азии АН СССР в 1967 г. в Москве, рассматривается положение о связи эпоса о Кесаре с добуддийской небесной религией тибетцев бон. В сравнении с ними комплекса выводов приводимых авторов в еще ностратическом прошлом местом возникновения и центром распространения изначальных концептов культа Тенгри и небесной религии Бон указываются области Гималайского Каракорума. The article gives brief review on complex international expedition participant’s work to Tibet in 2002-2004 with comparative review of of Turkic, Mongolian and Tibetan epics and religions. Hypothesis and conlusions of the participants of expedition based on the materials of Yu. N. Rerikh are given in the article.The author considers position of Kesar epos connection with Bon prebuddhistic celestial religion of Tibetan on the basis of Yu. N. Rerikh`s article “The Epic of King Kesar of Ling” published in 1942 in Indian periodical the Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, JRAS. Then the article was included in the selects of Rerikh and published posthumously by Institute of Asian peoples of Academy of Sciences of USSR in 1967 in Moscow. In comparison with them the complex findings cited authors in another Nostratic last place of origin and center of the spread of the original concept of the cult of Tengri and celestial Bon religion identifies areas of the Himalayan Karakorum.
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Books on the topic "Nostratic hypothesis"

1

1956-, Salmons Joe, Joseph Brian D, and Workshop on Comparative Linguistics (2nd : 1993 : Eastern Michigan University), eds. Nostratic: Sifting the evidence. Amsterdam: J. Benjamins, 1998.

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V, Nafikov Sh. Borealʹnye ėlementy v bashkirskom i͡a︡zyke. Ufa: Gilem, 2003.

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Irāman̲ātan̲, Pi. Nācutirāk-ñāla mutan̲mol̲i āyvukaḷukkup Pāvāṇar tarum oḷi. Cen̲n̲ai: Ulakat Tamil̲ārāycci Nir̲uvan̲am, 2008.

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Dolgopolʹskiĭ, A. The Nostratic macrofamily and linguistic palaeontology. Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, 1998.

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Kaiser, Mark. Lexical archaisms in Slavic: From Nostratic to common Slavic. Bochum: Brockmeyer, 1990.

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Bomhard, Allan R. The Nostratic macrofamily: A study in distant linguistic relationship. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 1994.

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Graves, Charles. Proto-religions in Central Asia. Bochum: Universitätsverlag Dr. Norbert Brockmeyer, 1994.

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International Interdisciplinary Symposium on Language and Prehistory (1st 1988 Ann Arbor, Mich.). Nostratic, Dene-Caucasian, Austric and Amerind: Materials from the First International Interdisciplinary Symposium on Language and Prehistory, Ann Arbor, 8-12 November, 1988. Bochum: Universitätsverlag Dr. Norbert Brockmeyer, 1992.

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International Interdisciplinary Symposium on Language and Prehistory (1st 1988 Ann Arbor, Mich.). Proto-languages and proto-cultures: Materials from the First International Interdisciplinary Symposium on Language and Prehistory, Ann Arbor, 8-12 November, 1988. Bochum: N. Brockmeyer, 1990.

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Dybo, V. A. (Vladimir Antonovich), ed. Opyt sravnenii︠a︡ nostraticheskikh i︠a︡zykov: Semitokhamitskiĭ, kartvelʹskiĭ, indoevropeĭskiĭ, uralʹskiĭ, dravidiĭskiĭ, altaĭskiĭ. 2nd ed. Moskva: URSS, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Nostratic hypothesis"

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Manaster-Ramer, Alexis, Peter A. Michalove, Karen S. Baertsch, and Karen L. Adams. "Exploring the Nostratic Hypothesis." In Nostratic, 61. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.142.06man.

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