Relevant bibliographies by topics / Nouakchott

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Nouakchott'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Nouakchott"

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Chenal, Jérôme, and Vincent Kaufmann. "Nouakchott." Cities 25, no. 3 (June 2008): 163–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2007.12.001.

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Gómez, Diego, Pablo Salvador, Julia Sanz, Carlos Casanova, and Jose Casanova. "Detecting Areas Vulnerable to Sand Encroachment Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques in Nouakchott, Mauritania." Remote Sensing 10, no. 10 (September 25, 2018): 1541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10101541.

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Sand dune advances poses a major threat to inhabitants and local authorities in the area of Nouakchott, Mauritania. Despite efforts to control dune mobility, accurate and adequate local studies are still needed to tackle sand encroachment. We have developed a Sand Dune Encroachment Vulnerability Index (SDEVI) to assess Nouakchott’s vulnerability to sand dune encroachment. Said index is based on the geo-physical characteristics of the area (wind direction and intensity, slope and surface height, land use, vegetation or soil properties) with Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques that can support local authorities and decision-makers in implementing preventive measures or reducing impact on the population and urban infrastructures. In order to validate this new index, we use two remote sensing approaches: optical-Sentinel 2 and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)–Sentinel 1 data. Results show that the greatest vulnerability is located in the north-eastern part of Nouakchott, where local conditions favor the advance of sand in the city, although medium to high values are also found in the eastern part. Optical images enabled us to distinguish desert sand using the ratio between near infrared/blue bands, and SAR Coherence Change Detection (CCD) imagery was used to assess the degree of stability of those sand bodies. The nature of the SDEVI index allows us to currently assess which areas are vulnerable to sand encroachment since we use long data records. Nevertheless, optical and SAR remote sensing allow sand evolution to be monitored on a near real-time basis.
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Nouaceur, Zeineddine. "Aumento das inundações urbanas nas capitais da região do Sahel." Territorium, no. 22 (August 23, 2015): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/1647-7723_22_9.

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Com as mudanças climáticas observadas nos últimos anos e o retorno das chuvas, as grandes cidades do Sahel estão agora enfrentando grandes inundações urbanas. Muitos bairros "legais" e "ilegais" provaram ser verdadeiras armadilhas, muitas vezes perigosas e inóspitas, que às vezes forçam o abandono imediato de algumas das áreas de residenciais (por exemplo, as áreas de Nouakchott e Dakar). Este trabalho de pesquisa tem como objetivo mostrar, inicialmente, mudanças climáticas observadas nesta faixa do Sahel, e em segundo lugar, a vulnerabilidade e esiliência das três capitais da África Ocidental (Nouakchott, Dakar e Ouagadougou) a essas novas condições climáticas.
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Tanguy, Philippe. "L’urbanisation irrégulière à Nouakchott : 1960-2000." Insaniyat / إنسانيات, no. 22 (December 30, 2003): 7–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/insaniyat.6863.

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Babah, Isselmou Ahmedou, Mohamed Fadel Deida, Gerard Blake, and Daniel Froelich. "Fresh water distribution problematic in Nouakchott." Procedia Engineering 33 (2012): 321–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2012.01.1210.

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Mourre, Martin. "Rap à Nouakchott, entre langage et esthétisme." Terrains récents 10, no. 2 (November 25, 2011): 129–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1006429ar.

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Cet article examine le rôle de la musique rap comme vecteur de changement social en Mauritanie, et en particulier dans sa capitale, Nouakchott. À travers une esquisse monographique du mouvement rap, l’auteur cherche à voir de quelles manières la jeunesse mauritanienne invente un nouveau rapport au politique dans une société fortement marquée par la question de l’ethnicité. Une analyse quantitative de trente chansons et une analyse visuelle de vidéoclips, complétées par une série d’entretiens, permettent de mettre en lumière les processus linguistiques et esthétiques qui tendent à faire du rap un objet social et politique apte à reconfigurer les rapports générationnels en Mauritanie.
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Mouna, OuldMohamedYeslemAhmedEl, Choukri Abdelmajid, HakamOum Keltoum, and Semghouli Slimane. "QUALITY CONTROL OF LINEAR ACCELERATOR OF NOUAKCHOTT." International Journal of Advanced Research 6, no. 1 (January 31, 2018): 361–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/6227.

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Alonso Cabré, Marta, and Francesca Nucci. "Nouakchott: Urban Development, Public Policies and Citizens' Reactions." TERRITORIO, no. 81 (September 2017): 59–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/tr2017-081013.

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Mahmoud, Ethmane Isselem Arbih, Mohamed Maaroufi, Abdel Kader Mahmoud, and Ahmed Yahfdhou. "Optimization of Statcom in a Nouakchott Power System." Advances in Science, Technology and Engineering Systems Journal 4, no. 2 (2019): 333–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.25046/aj040242.

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Moustapha, Elemine Ould Mohamed Baba. "Negotiating Islamic Revival: Public Religiosity in Nouakchott City." Islamic Africa 5, no. 1 (July 1, 2014): 45–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5192/21540993050145.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Nouakchott"

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Ould, Sidi Mohamed. "Urbanisation et suburbanisation à Nouakchott." Paris 7, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA070141.

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Diagana, Isyakha. "Croissance urbaine et dynamique spatiale à Nouakchott." Lyon 2, 1993. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/1993/diagana_i.

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De simple bourgade choisie au moment des indépendances (début des années 1960) pour accueillir les structures politiques et administratives de la Mauritanie, Nouakchott s'affirme depuis trente ans comme le principal centre urbain qui rayonne sur l'ensemble du pays et autour duquel s'articule toute son organisation. Cette thèse se propose de faire l'état des enjeux tant sociaux que spatiaux qui s'y déroulent, en liaison avec la forte croissance démographique enregistrée pendant les trois dernières décennies. Une première partie fondée sur une analyse démographique montre l'ampleur de cette croissance explosive, soutenue depuis 1958 et aggravée par les effets de la secheresse endémique qui frappe le Sahel. Une deuxième partie s'attache au moyen de l'analyse des structures de la ville, à rendre compte des formes urbaines produites, en même temps qu'elle tente d'identifier les processus et mécanismes à la base de la création des nouveaux espaces. Enfin, une troisième partie restitue le mode de fonctionnement d'une ville éclatée vue à travers les activités et les difficultés de transport telles qu'elles sont vécues dans deux de ses quartiers
In 1958, Nouakchott (until then an ordinary village) was chosen to hold the political and administratve structures of the future independent state of Mauritania. Nouakchott has since continued to grow in importance, attracting populations from the country. It is today the economic an political hub of the Mauritania. This thesis examines the problems arising from the massive rural-urban exodus that has multiplied the population of nouakchott lany-fold in just three decades and the desorderly urbanisation that has come in its wake. Part one assesses population growth since 1958, especially as a consequence of the drought that has plagued the whole of the sahel region these last two decades+ part two analyses available infrastructure and installations. The objective is to come up with a typology of urban space as well as a better understanding of mechanisms underlying the creation of these new urban spaces. Using the example of two of the most districts in the town, part three examines the problems of unemployment and urban transportation in Nouakchott
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Lindgren, Johan, and Viktor Dahl. "Mellan Nouakchott och Antananarivo : Afrika och demokratin." Thesis, Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-1447.

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The purpose of this essay is on the one hand to study Sub-Saharan Africa from a comparative perspective to analyze different explanations to democratization and on the other hand to compare the democratization of the most interesting cases found. To fulfil the purpose, the essay is divided into a quantitative and a qualitative part. The quantitative part starts from four different theories of democratization and thus has a deductive theory testing approach. We intend to use four theories: the modernization theory, the theory of stable institutions as a prerequisite for democratization, political culture and ethnic diversity as an obstacle for democratization, to test how they correspond with the democratic situation in Africa, and at the same time find deviant cases. The second part of the study takes its start from an inductive perspective and examines institutions and citizens of the deviant cases. We have found that the stable institutions indicator and the socioeconomic indicators are the ones out of our indicators that best can explain democratization in Sub-Saharan Africa. The quantitative study also reveals two cases that are democracies although they do not follow the general patterns of democratization. Our research concludes that the most striking resemblance between our deviant cases, Benin and Mali, is that they have both developed stable institutions. This could be one reason why they have managed to democratize despite their harsh conditions.

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Diagana, Isyakha Mutin Georges. "Croissance urbaine et dynamique spatiale à Nouakchott." [s.l.] : [s.n.], 1993. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/1993/diagana_i.

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Hont, Olivier d'. "Les Kebe de Nouakchott : contribution à l'étude de la sédentarisation en milieu urbain de populations nomades sinistrées." Paris 5, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA05H042.

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Ould, Kebd Yahya. "Nouakchott, entre la déconcentration et la décentralisation, des origines à nos jours." Aix-Marseille 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX32024.

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Capitale ex-nihilo d'un pays qui, compte tenu de son parcours bien singulier, a été très tôt séduit par le modèle de l'ex-puissance coloniale, Nouakchott illustre le souci des pouvoirs publics de chercher le cadre administratif adéquat pour répondre aux besoins des populations, sans jamais avoir pu réellement parvenir à trouver une formule adaptée au contexte sociologique local. Les multiples formules essayées depuis l'indépendance en vue d'améliorer le mode d'administration de la ville n'ont malheureusement pas réussi à faire sortir cette métropole mauritanienne de son état de sous-développement structurel. L'infortune de ces différentes expériences tient, avant tout, à une conception assez figée de la gouvernance locale qu'il importe, désormais, de changer radicalement dans ses fondements comme dans son style, afin que le couple " déconcentration- décentralisation ", retrouve sa place comme moyen fiable d'organisation de la société et que Nouakchott, puisse prendre, enfin, le chemin du décollage tant espéré
Nouakchott arose ex-nihilo as a capital city of a country which, regarding its particular trajectory, was very seduced by the former colonial power's model. The city illustrates the worry of the public authorities to find an appropriate administrative framework aiming to meet the needs of the populations. But they have never really succeeded in achieving an appropriate formula that fits the local sociological context. The numerous formulas attempted since independence in order to improve the way of administering the city have, unfortunately, not allowed to draw this Mauritanian metropolis from its state of structural underdevelopment. The misfortune of these different experiences is primary due, to a static conception of local governance which, must from now on, be radically changed both in its foundations and in its style, so that the couple (decentralisation-décencontration) re-find its role as a viable mean of organisation of Nouakchott allowing to this city to make its takeoff which was so longer waited
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Isselmou, Ould Ahmedou. "Développement du système de qualité environnementale et sanitaire de la distribution de l'eau potable à Nouakchott (Mauritanie)." Chambéry, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CHAMS026.

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Nouakchott, capitale de la Mauritanie, a connu une évolution démographique brutale qui a engendré une expansion rapide de I'espace occupé et une forte pression sur les infrastructures de base et particulièrement sur I'eau potable. Dans notre travail de recherche, nous décrivons : 1- Un état des lieux de la quantité et de la qualité des eaux distribuées à Nouakchott. 2- Les facteurs accentuant la vulnérabilité de cette eau tels que le manque d'extension du réseau d'approvisionnement : - qui limite particulièrement la ressource au niveau des quartiers périphériques et qui est accentuée par une faiblesse de pression du réseau, -qui conduit à la contamination des bornes fontaines (indicateurs bactériens de contamination par méthode enzymatique rapide). Les recherches ont été effectuées sur le site des points de distribution et une enquête a été réalisée au niveau des quartiers sélectionnés. 3- Les facteurs favorables à I'évolution des risques de contamination des eaux et à la propagation de maladies d'origine hydrique, tels que le manque de généralisation du réseau d'assainissement et I'utilisation de moyens individuels d'assainissement. Ce travail conduit à I'élaboration et à la proposition d'un système de management de la qualité de distribution de l'eau dans cette ville impliquant les opérateurs de distribution et les pouvoirs publics. L'approche originale comporte une évaluation de I'amélioration de la qualité du système de distribution, liée à une approche HACCP qui doit permettre, par des mesures structurelles à la création d'organismes appropriés, à une optimisation de la ressource et de sa qualité en étroite collaboration avec les demandes des populations. Il s'agit donc d'une démarche pratique basée sur une réflexion théorique approfondie qui a été rarement entreprise dans le cadre d'une grande ville africaine confrontée au problème crucial de l'eau potable et à I'utilisation « durable » de ses ressources
Nouakchott, the Mauritanian capital, has an exceptional growth of the population, these brutal demographic trends generated a fast expansion of occupied space and a strong pressure on the social equipments and basic infrastructures, in particular for drinking water. In our work we present : 1st An inventory of features of the quantity (resources) and quality of fresh waters distributed in Nouakchott ; 2nd The factors increasing the vulnerability of the water such as :the lack of generalization of the network of provisioning : - which particularly limits the water resource for peripheral districts and this is accentuated by the weakness of pressure of the network, -which leads to the contamination of terminal fountains (determined by bacterial enzymatic methods in water as total coliforms and faecal indicators) according to analyses carried out on various points of distribution and inquiries made in the targeted areas of our study. -3rd Factors suitable for the evolution of the risks of contamination of water and for reduction of propagation of epidemiologic diseases as cholera or other waterborne diseases, due to the lack of generalization of the network for treatment in the city and the use of individual means of treatment (domestic latrines, septic tanks. . . ). This work carried out the development and proposal of a system of environmental management and health quality improvement of distribution of water in this city involving the different operators of the network and the public authorities. The original approach of this work brings a better quality of distribution network, linked to a HACPP development which allows to optimise the resource usage and the quality of water, by structural measures and increasing of ad hoc structures. In fact, this work gives practical and theoretical advance. This approach has scarcely been used for such large towns in Africa, and brings a method for sustainable resources using
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Thiam, Mahamadou. "The Idea of Planning: A Case Study of Nouakchott, Mauritania." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/190239.

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Voletti, Sylvain. "Aspects épidémiologiques du paludisme à Nouakchott, République islamique de Mauritanie." Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05P211.

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Diagana, Yakhoub. "Mobilité quotidienne et intégration urbaine à Nouakchott : des difficultés d'accès aux transports urbains à l'expérimentation des stratégies d'adaptation." Rennes 2, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00551660/fr/.

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Nouakchott est une ville qui a connu ces dernières décennies une importante croissance démographique et un développement spatial excessif. La rapidité avec laquelle ces mutations se sont produites a pris de court la puissance publique et mis à mal les efforts de la collectivité en termes de planification urbaine en général, de création d’infrastructures et d’équipements publics, mais aussi d’acheminement des services de base. Dans ce contexte d’insuffisances généralisées, les distances de déplacements s’allongent et le système de transport urbain a bien des difficultés pour proposer une desserte équitable de l’espace sous un angle d’intégration urbaine des quartiers et pour suivre l’évolution du périmètre urbain. Par conséquent, les besoins de mobilité sont de plus en plus importants et les demandes de transport de moins en moins bien satisfaites. De ce fait, la mobilité quotidienne s’avère problématique à Nouakchott, et les populations les plus exposées au dysfonctionnement du système de transport sont celles qui résident dans les zones urbaines pauvres ou les plus excentrées par rapport au centre-ville. Pour étudier les conséquences de l’insuffisance de l’offre de transport et du manque de solvabilité sur les conditions de mobilité des populations, une enquête-ménage a été menée auprès des familles au sein de deux communes de Nouakchott (El Mina et Riyad). Les résultats de cette enquête montrent que ces insuffisances, loin de pousser les populations au repli sur des pratiques spatiales de proximité, les amènent plutôt à expérimenter des stratégies d’adaptation qui sont en faveur de la mobilité. En effet, lorsque les ressources du ménage ne permettent pas d’assurer un accès permanent aux transports pour l’ensemble des membres du foyer, celui-ci se fait de manière prioritaire. Dans ce mécanisme, l’importance du motif et de la distance de déplacements sont les principaux critères retenus dans les ménages pour juger lequel des membres de la famille a besoin plus qu’un autre de bénéficier des moyens d’accès aux transports. En complément à cette stratégie d’accès sélectif aux transports, la pratique de la marche à pied constitue une autre solution pour contourner le problème de solvabilité et le manque de l’offre de transport. En somme, face à la relégation spatiale et à la marginalisation périphérique, il apparaît que les populations mettent tout en oeuvre pour éviter l’assignation au territoire et optent pour une intégration urbaine en bonne et due forme
Nouakchott is one of the sub-region capital cities which has undergone, in the last decades, the most important demographic growth as well as an excessive spatial development of its urban territory. These extensive changes occurred with such speed that they did not allow enough time to adjust to the Government and they put a serious strain on the local authorities’ efforts in urban planning in general, in the creation of infrastructure and public facilities, but also in the delivery of basic services. In this context of widespread inadequacy, travelling distances stretch out and the urban transport system cannot cope with the difficulty of offering a fair service of the territory in a perspective of urban integration of the neighborhoods so as to keep pace with the development of the urban perimeter. As a consequence, the needs for mobility are increasingly important and the demands for public transportation are less and less satisfied. As a result, the daily mobility in Nouakchott has become a major source of hassle and the most exposed population to this inadequacy of public transport are the people who live in the poorest neighborhoods situated the farther away from the city center. So as to study the consequences both of the insufficiency in transport offer and of the lack of solutions to the population’s conditions of mobility, a household survey was conducted with families belonging to two communities in the Nouakchott area (El Mina and Riyad). The results of this survey show that these insufficiencies, far from enticing people to remain within their perimeter to perform daily activities in their own neighborhood, encourage them to experience strategies of adaptation which will favor mobility. Indeed, when the household income does not allow permanent access to the means of transport for each member of the family, then it works in a priority order. In this mechanism, the importance of the reason for the travel and the distance are the main criteria taken into account by the family to decide which member needs the most to benefit from the means of transport. In addition to this strategy of selective access to transportation, walking constitutes an alternative way of solving the problem of lack of solutions and lack of offer in public transports. In conclusion, confronted to spatial relegation and peripheral marginalization, it seems that the inhabitants do everything possible to avoid being placed in territorial isolation and to have access to urban integration in due form
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Books on the topic "Nouakchott"

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Bernard, Philippe. Nouakchott: Opus incertum. [Nouakchott: Centre Culturel Français de Nouakchott, 2006.

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Bernard, Philippe. Nouakchott: Opus incertum. [Nouakchott: Centre Culturel Français de Nouakchott, 2006.

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Centre culturel français de Nouakchott., ed. Sables mouvants: Jeunesse(s) de Nouakchott. [Nouakchott: Centre Culturel Français de Nouakchott, 2007.

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Nouakchott: Au carrefour de la Mauritanie et du monde. Paris: Karthala, 2009.

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Combier, Annick. Les enfants de la rue en Mauritanie: L'initiative de Nouakchott. Paris: L'Harmattan, 1994.

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Aichetou. La couleur du vent: Il était une fois à Nouakchott. Nouakchott: Editions de la Librairie 15/21, 2011.

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Asher, Michael. Two against the Sahara: On camelback from Nouakchott to the Nile. New York: Morrow, 1989.

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Centre culturel français Saint-Exupéry (Nouakchott, Mauritania). Le fonds "Mauritanie": Catalogue des références concernant la Mauritanie. Nouakchott: Le Centre, 1996.

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Regional Seminar on Desertification (1984 Nouakchott, Mauritania). Summary report of the Regional Seminar on Desertification, Nouakchott, October 29 to November 4, 1984. Paris: Club du Sahel, 1985.

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Till Mauretania '83 Symposium (1983 Nouakchott-Atar). Glacial record: Proceedings of the Till Mauretania '83 symposium, Nouakchott-Atar, 4-15 January 1983. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Nouakchott"

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Senhoury, Ahmed, Abdeljelil Niang, Bachir Diouf, and Yves-François Thomas. "Managing Flood Risks Using Nature-Based Solutions in Nouakchott, Mauritania." In Ecosystem-Based Disaster Risk Reduction and Adaptation in Practice, 435–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43633-3_19.

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Ould Mohamed Yeslem, Ahmed El Mouna, Moussa Ould Cheibetta, Jilali Ghassoun, Oum Keltoum Hakam, Slimane Semghouli, and Abdelmajid Choukri. "Quality Control Results for Linear Accelerator at Oncology Center in Nouakchott." In Innovations in Smart Cities and Applications, 759–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74500-8_69.

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"Nouakchott, Mauritania." In The Statesman’s Yearbook Companion, 568–69. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95839-9_1173.

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Choplin, Armelle. "9. Nouakchott." In État et société en Mauritanie, 323–44. Karthala, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/kart.ould.2014.01.0323.

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"The Nouakchott Declaration." In The Asian Yearbook of Human Rights and Humanitarian Law, 445–50. Brill | Nijhoff, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004346888_022.

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Seneh, Khadijetou, and Benjamin Steck. "7. La route Nouakchott-Nouadhibou." In Le littoral mauritanien à l’aube du XXIe siècle, 173–96. Karthala, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/kart.boula.2011.01.0173.

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Schneider, Marius, and Vanessa Ferguson. "Mauritania." In Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights in Africa. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198837336.003.0036.

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The Islamic Republic of Mauritania is found in north-west Africa, bordering the Atlantic Ocean, a disputed region of Morocco (Western Sahara), Algeria, Senegal, and Mali. It is the eleventh largest country in Africa (1.030 million square kilometres (km)) with a population of about 4.3 million in 2016. Its population density of 3.9 inhabitants per square kilometre makes it the fourth least densely populated country in Africa. Mauritania is a desert country with as little as 0.5 per cent of its land being considered arable. Its capital city is Nouakchott which is also the biggest city in terms of inhabitants. Other main towns are Nouadhibou, Rosso, Atar, Tidjika, and Néma. The majority of the population, however, lives in rural areas.
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Hill, J. N. C. "Mauritania." In Democratisation in the Maghreb. Edinburgh University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474408974.003.0006.

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Drawing on Levitsky and Way’s model, this chapter advances a nuanced explanation of the survival of Mauritania’s competitive authoritarian order. Just a few years before the protests began, the country seemed to offer a near textbook example of their thesis as, under coordinated pressure from the West, its dictatorial regime introduced democratic reforms (only to relapse into authoritarianism shortly thereafter). Yet during the Arab Spring itself, no such liberalisation took place. While the EU and US have only medium linkage to and leverage over Nouakchott, its reduced organisational power means that they still have the ability to put decisive democratising pressure on it (just as they did before). Their failure to do so confirms one of Levitsky and Way’s vital caveats: that the West often allows important strategic considerations to take precedence over democracy promotion.
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"No. 25962. Convention on the movement of persons between the Government of the French Republic and the Government of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania. Signed at Nouakchott on 15 July 1963." In United Nations Treaty Series, 447. UN, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/2ff071e1-en-fr.

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Conference papers on the topic "Nouakchott"

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Wu, Weicheng, Marie-Francoise Courel, and Jeannine Le Rhun. "Coastal geomorphological change monitoring by remote sensing techniques in Nouakchott, Mauritania." In International Symposium on Remote Sensing, edited by Manfred Ehlers. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.477559.

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Veten, M., B. Tamba, S. DiaTine, A. Tichitty, and A. Moustapha. "Aspects épidémiologiques et thérapeutiques des fractures mandibulaires au centre hospitalier national de Nouakchott." In 62ème Congrès de la SFCO. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/sfco/20146203002.

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Elmoustapha, Ahmed Ould, Franck Levoy, and Hervé Texier. "Impact de la construction du port de Nouakchott (Mauritanie) sur l'évolution du trait de côte." In Journées Nationales Génie Côtier - Génie Civil. Editions Paralia, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.5150/jngcgc.2000.054-e.

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El Hacen, Jed Mohamed, Razika Ihaddadene, Nabila Ihaddadene, Cheikh EL Banany Elhadji Sidi, Menny EL Bah, and Pierre-Olivier Logerais. "Performance analysis of micro-amorphe silicon PV array under actual climatic conditions in Nouakchott, Mauritania." In 2019 10th International Renewable Energy Congress (IREC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/irec.2019.8754599.

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Replumaz, Alexis, Yann Julien, and Damien Bellengier. "Concrete Breakwater for the Greater Tortue Ahmeyim Project for BP in Mauritania and Senegal." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31284-ms.

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Objectives / Scope During summer 2017, EIFFAGE GENIE CIVIL MARINE was invited by BP to bid for the construction of a concrete caisson breakwater protecting an offshore LNG liquefaction floating terminal which will be located 10 km west from Saint Louis, at 33 m water depth on the Mauritanian / Senegalese maritime border. Methods, Procedures, Process The basic design as originally proposed by BP was composed of 18 rectangular concrete caissons laying on an underwater rumble-mound foundation. Dimensions of the concrete boxes were approximatively 63,5 meters long, 32 meters wide and 30 meters high, on a design consisting of multi rectangular cells (128 units/caisson) EIFFAGE GENIE CIVIL MARINE answered to the ITB by proposing under an EPC basis an alternate caisson shape optimizing drastically the concrete quantities. Results, Observations, Conclusions Alternate caisson dimensions were 54,5 m long, 28 m width, 35m height including a 3 m high crest wall at the top against extreme waves overtopping. The geometry of the caisson has been changed to a 10 lobes caisson. The weight of each caisson is around 16 000 tons. As a result of the subsequent FEED studies performed from April 2018 to February 2019, including 3D model testing in basin, Eiffage was able to reduce the amount of concrete required by 40 % compared to the first design, leading to 124 200 cum of concrete and both financial as well as environmental benefits. Novel/Additive Information Execution plan involving Mauritania and Senegal This infrastructure offers key local content components for this gas field development in each country, something Eiffage had key experience with thanks to an historical presence in the the region : Eiffage started its activities in Senegal more than 100 years ago. The original execution plan as proposed by Eiffage for the EPC phase signed in February 2019 was to build the 21 concrete caissons in Dakar -Senegal. A dedicated yard of 15 hectares has been reclaimed besides the actual port of Dakar providing a safe direct access to the sea and the required water depth for the caissons towing. As a result, at peak more than 600 jobs will be created in Senegal, with the reclaimed land for the fabrication yard left as a legacy for the port area. The underwater rumble mound requires 2 million tons of quarry material. EIFFAGE's proposal was to produce, transport and load from Mauritania those materials. A specific logistics scheme between the quarry and vessels loading point has been developed including a bypass road around Nouakchott. The transport of the quarry materials requires the mobilization of 170 trucks. A special safety mitigation plan including dedicated training is being implemented in order to reduce identified risks linked to road transportation.
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Liew, William Sin, M. Shahril Allapitchai, Ahmad Luqman Johan, Sattiyaraju Sellapan, Khalil Ould M'Bareck, Ahmad Hafizi Ahmad Zaini, and Mohd Hairi Abdul Razak. "Project Management Strategy: Managing Covid-19 Global Pandemic for Deepwater Offshore Operations in Remote Location." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21843-ms.

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Abstract During the declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic by World Health Organization (WHO), the work of plug & abandonment of 15 deepwater subsea wells were ongoing in Field "C". Discovered in 2001, the field is located approximately 80 km west of coastline and about 90 km from Nouakchott, capital of Mauritania, situated in West Africa. Field "C" is a deepwater field in water depth ranging from 730m to 830m. The field was developed using subsea wells, Hinged Over Subsea Templates (HOST), manifolds, flexible flowlines, umbilicals and risers tied back to a permanently moored FPSO. The field consists of nine (9) oil producer wells and five (5) water injection wells. During the development stage, one (1) gas injection well was drilled and completed at adjacent Field "B" about 17 km Northeast of Field "C". The water depth at this gas injection well location is approximately 280m. The diagram below shows the Field "C" and Field "B" layout. Field "C" has reached maturity in 2016. Due to high operating costs, declining production coupled with declining oil prices, the decision was made to cease production, plug and abandon (P&A) and decommission the field. Two phases strategy was engaged by the Operator in order to complete the decommissioning and abandonment of Field "C". In Phase 1, which was executed back in the year of 2017-2018, all the 15 deepwater subsea wells were temporarily suspended with two (2) barriers in place. The Floating, Production, Storage and Offloading (FPSO) unit was decommissioned and disconnected. In line with the strategy of dividing the project into two phases, the information on well integrity and conditions acquired during the Phase 1 Temporary Wells Suspension (TWS) was used by the Operator in planning for Phase 2 – Wells Plug and Abandonment (P&A). The Operator made full use of the temporary well suspension period between Phase 1 and Phase 2 for engineering, procurement and operations preparation. The same drillship was utilized for the project in both phases. Multiple optimizations and modifications were done on the drillship based on lessons learned in Phase 1 and to cater for the subsea Xmas Tree and subsea structures retrieval in Phase 2. Due to the nature of the remote location and no existing oil & gas operations support base, all equipment required in this project was sent to Mauritania early. Equipment inspection and acceptance were carried out in Mauritania as part of the strategy in ensuring the availability of good quality equipment for offshore operations. The operations on Wells Plug & Abandonment commenced in December 2019. In March 2020, upon declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Operator was faced with the difficulty of continuing operation as the Host Country activated border lockdown. The Operator managed to continue operations for remaining well and demobilized drillship and personnel safely. The Operator has successfully retrieved three (3) subsea Xmas Trees, P&A three (3) wells and intervened six (6) other wells for tubing cutting before operations was suspended due to COVID-19 pandemic. The Operator used the suspension phase to devise a methodology to resume operation in the prevailing COVID-19 pandemic situation. The challenges faced during the COVID-19 pandemic as well as the steps taken for resumption are highlighted in this paper.
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