Relevant bibliographies by topics / Noun clauses

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Academic literature on the topic 'Noun clauses'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 15 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Noun clauses"

1

De Cuba, Carlos. "Manner-of-speaking that-complements as close apposition structures." Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America 3, no. 1 (March 3, 2018): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/plsa.v3i1.4320.

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An elusive property of that-clauses following manner-of-speaking verbs is that they do not behave like that-clauses following other non-factive verbs when it comes to the availability of wh-extraction, main clause phenomena and complementizer drop. Non-factive that-clauses allow wh-extraction, main clause phenomena and complementizer drop, but manner-of-speaking that-clauses resist them. In addition, the behavior of manner-of-speaking that-clauses patterns with noun complement clauses and that-clauses following the pronoun it. In this paper, I argue that the referential and adjunct status of manner-of-speaking that-clauses, noun complement clauses and that-clauses following the pronoun it is responsible for their shared restrictions on wh-extraction, main clause phenomena and complementizer drop. Specifically, I argue all three of these that-clauses are referential adjuncts in a close apposition relationship with a nominal object.
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2

KARLSSON, FRED. "Constraints on multiple center-embedding of clauses." Journal of Linguistics 43, no. 2 (June 18, 2007): 365–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226707004616.

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A common view in theoretical syntax and computational linguistics holds that there are no grammatical restrictions on multiple center-embedding of clauses. Syntax would thus be characterized by unbounded recursion. An analysis of 119 genuine multiple clausal center-embeddings from seven ‘Standard Average European’ languages (English, Finnish, French, German, Latin, Swedish, Danish) uncovers usage-based regularities, constraints, that run counter to these and several other widely held views, such as that any type of multiple self-embedding (of the same clause type) would be possible, or that self-embedding would be more complex than multiple center-embedding of different clause types. The maximal degree of center-embedding in written language is three. In spoken language, multiple center-embedding is practically absent. Typical center-embeddings of any degree involve relative clauses specifying the referent of the subject NP of the superordinate clause. Only postmodifying clauses, especially relative clauses and that-clauses acting as noun complements, allow central self-embedding. Double relativization of objects (The rat the cat the dog chased killed ate the malt) does not occur. These corpus-based ‘soft constraints’ suggest that full-blown recursion creating multiple clausal center-embedding is not a central design feature of language in use. Multiple center-embedding emerged with the advent of written language, with Aristotle, Cicero, and Livy in the Greek and Latin stylistic tradition of ‘periodic’ sentence composition.
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3

Ningsih, Rahmi Yulia, and Chandra Kurniawan Wiharja. "Noun Phrase in Bahasa Indonesia." Humaniora 8, no. 1 (January 31, 2017): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/humaniora.v8i1.3698.

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This article contained research about the analysis of the text of Bahasa Indonesia speech with the Systemic Functional Linguistic approach (LFS). The aim of this article was identifying elements of forming noun phrases as the participants which represented processes in clauses, functions, as well as the distribution of its position in the clause. The research method used was qualitative research with the method of data analysis in the form of 60 clauses through the approach of LFS. The 60 clauses data were taken from the text of the speech of UNJ Rector, which was then analyzed into 100 phrases in the noun. According to the LFS method, it finds that the noun phrase is formed by elements of the noun classes. From the 100 noun phrases analyzed, there are 100 nouns that have different functions in each process. There are 86 nouns represent the material process, 5 nouns represent the relational process, 4 nouns represent the verbal process, 3 nouns represent mental processes, and 2 nouns represent the existential process. The study also finds that in the form of the lexicon, the same noun with the different distribution of its position will result in different functions in the representation process.
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4

Iskandar, Denni, Mulyadi Mulyadi, Khairina Nasution, and Ridwan Hanafiah. "A Study of types and core constituents of Acehnese relative clauses." Studies in English Language and Education 8, no. 1 (January 3, 2021): 397–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/siele.v8i1.18164.

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This research aims to determine and explain the types and the core constituents of Acehnese relative clauses which so far have not been thoroughly discussed. To collect data for this study, a direct elicitation technique is used, and the data is then analyzed through a qualitative descriptive technique. The results showed that the relative clauses in Acehnese were clauses embedded as modifiers of noun phrases. Similar to the relative clauses’ theory proposed by experts in the Acehnese, there are five types of relative clauses: relativization of subject, relativization of predicate, relativization of object, relativization of possessive, and relativization of noun. Relative clauses in Acehnese are formed by connecting core nouns and relative clauses through the connecting word ‘nyang’, except for the relative clause of the predicate element through the ellipsis of the predicate element. The basic structure of the Acehnese relative clauses is the arrangement of the main constituents preceding (postnominal) the relative clauses. The constituents that described the relative clauses could form words or phrases depending on the reference to the meaning of the relative clauses. In the Acehnese, the following elements do not exist: (1) relative clauses that can be reduced by adverbials such as in English, (2) relative pronouns as in German and relative particles such as in Chinese Mandarin; and (3) the attachment of relative suffixes to verbs as in Korean.
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5

Rohdenburg, Günter. "Rivalling Noun-Dependent Complements in Modern English: that‑Clauses and ‘Complex’ Gerunds." Anglia 137, no. 2 (June 7, 2019): 217–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ang-2019-0023.

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Abstract This corpus‑based paper explores the history and present status of the contrast between noun‑dependent that‑clauses and ‘complex’ gerunds containing their own subjects. With seven of the fifteen nouns under scrutiny, the emergence of the that‑clause either follows that of the gerund or the two complement types emerge at about the same time. This suggests that we will have to qualify the general assumption that since the eighteenth century English has promoted non‑finite subordinate clauses at the expense of finite ones. More crucially, with by far most of the nouns investigated, the that‑clause has gained much further ground over the last few centuries, with American English spearheading this development since the early nineteenth century. In line with the Complexity Principle, the grammatical environments favouring the more explicit that‑clause over the complex gerund include subject complexity and different types of structural discontinuity. Intriguingly, however, the easy‑to‑process there‑clause containing the nouns in question is also found to favour the that‑clause at the expense of the complex gerund.
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6

Knyazev, Mikhail Yu. "The effect of coordinate structure on the licensing of čto-clauses in noun complement constructions: An experimental study." Rhema, no. 1, 2020 (2020): 56–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31862/2500-2953-2020-1-56-69.

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Previously, čto-clause complements of nouns were found to be more acceptable in constructions with collocations as opposed to non-collocations, which was taken to support the hypothesis whereby čto-clauses are introduced by a silent preposition licensed by incorporation into a complex predicate (created in collocational constructions). The paper presents the results of an acceptability rating study testing the prediction of this account, namely, that embedding the noun in a coordinate structure should block the incorporation and hence licensing of čto-clauses. In addition, an alternative hypothesis is examined according to which čto-clauses are more acceptable in collocations due to their higher frequency.
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7

Nurhasanah Purba and Mulyadi. "Subordinate Clauses Used in Anak Boru Sanina in Simalungun Wedding Ceremony." Lakhomi Journal Scientific Journal of Culture 1, no. 1 (December 3, 2020): 23–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/lakhomi.v1i1.340.

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The aims of this study is to find out subordinative clause in Anak boru sanina utterances in simakungun wedding ceremony. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. The result shows that the study is found only adverbial clause while noun clause and relative clause are do not found. The kind of adverbial clause that found are 13 clauses containing of purpose, 9 clauses are containing of manner, 4 clause are containing of causes, 2 clauses are containing of effect, and 2 clauses are containing of condition. The discussion shows that adverbial clause most appear in Anak Boru Sanina utterances in Simalungun wedding ceremony because in this position Anak Boru Sanina as the leader of wedding ceremony so all the utterances containing of adverb clause and the most is purpose to carry out the role of Simalungun culture.
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8

Kamandulytė-Merfeldienė, Laura, and Ingrida Balčiūnienė. "The use of attributive clauses in spoken Lithuanian." Taikomoji kalbotyra, no. 8 (March 22, 2016): 55–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/tk.2016.17506.

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The syntactic features of spoken Lithuanian are still under-researched due to insufficient data bases, limited technologies, and research methodologies. During the last years, the "Corpus of Spoken Lithuanian" (developed at Vytautas Magnus University; 225,000 words; 80 hours of digitalized audio recordings) has been syntactically annotated, and this has enabled complex automatized syntactic analysis. In the present paper, one of the first such studies is presented and its results are discussed. The corpus linguistics methodology has been employed.The paper deals with the frequency and basic types of attributive clauses in spoken Lithuanian language. The results of the study have highlighted that attributive clauses tend to be more frequent (up to 15% of all subordinate clauses) in public speech, and they are significantly less frequent (up to 7% of all subordinate clauses) in private spontaneous speech.The position of a subordinate clause after the head noun is unmarked and the most frequent in public speech and spontaneous private speech. Consequently, 65% and 88% of all attributive adjectives followed the head noun in private spontaneous speech and in public speech. Since in Lithuanian the word order is not so strict, in private spontaneous speech constructions with a subordinate clause before the head noun are used.The analysis of subordinating conjunctions and relative pronouns has revealed that in public speech the link between a subordinate clause and an independent clause tends to be expressed by the relative pronoun "kuris", "kuri" (‘which’). Namely, in public speech, this pronoun is employed in 85% of all attributive clauses. The number of relative pronouns in private spoken speech reaches only 30%, whereas the subordinating conjunction "kur" (‘where’) has been used in the majority of attributive clauses (51%).The findings of the study reveal the main tendencies in the distribution and frequency of attributive clauses and suggest that the usage of attributive clauses depends, to a large extent, on the register of spoken language.
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9

Immonen, Sini, and Jukka Mäkisalo. "Pauses Reflecting the Processing of Syntactic Units in Monolingual Text Production and Translation." HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business 23, no. 44 (October 23, 2017): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v23i44.97266.

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This study explores how the process of translating relates to other types of writing processes by comparing pause lengths preceding syntactic units (words, phrases and clauses) in two types of writing task, a monolingual text production and a translation. It also discusses the grounds for interpreting pause length as a reflection of the cognitive demands of the writing process. The data was collected from 18 professional translators using the Translog keystroke logging software (Jakobsen/Schou 1999). Each subject wrote two texts: an expository text in Finnish and a translation from English into Finnish (Immonen 2006: 316-319). Firstly, phrase boundary pauses were categorised according to type, function and length of phrase. All three features correlate with pause length. On average, predicate phrases are preceded by short pauses, adpositional phrases by long pauses, and pauses preceding noun phrases grow with the length of the phrase. These fi ndings suggest that the processing of the predicate begins before written production of the clause is started, whereas noun phrases and adpositional phrases are processed during writing. Secondly, pauses preceding clauses were categorised with respect to clause type. In monolingual text production, pauses preceding subordinate clauses are on average shorter than those leading to main clauses. In translation, pauses preceding subordinate and main clauses are almost the same length. It seems therefore that, in translation, the main clause and subordinate clause are processed separately despite the fact that the subordinate clause functions as a syntactic unit within the main clause.
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10

Barus, Windi Sahputra, Mhd Pujiono, and Hesti Fibriasari. "CODE MIXING USED BY STUDENTS OF FRENCH STUDY PROGRAM STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN." Language Literacy: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching 3, no. 1 (July 5, 2019): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.30743/ll.v3i1.980.

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The communication process involving a code mixing is an alternative to avoid misunderstandings in a bilingual community, a community having the phenomenon of speaking and understanding two or more languages, referring either to individuals or the entire society. This study aims to analyze the forms of code mixing using qualitative method. The data were obtained from recording of conversational discourse. The data collection strategy used the referral method, supported by basic techniques, namely tapping and advanced techniques, the skillful in-flight listening technique (SBLC). The results show that there are code mixing with the insertion of morphological elements in forms of nouns, numerals, verbs (infinitive and conjugation), adverbs (question and time), and adjectives; the insertion of phrase in terms of noun phrases (objects and numerals), verb phrases, and adverb phrases); the insertion of clause in the forms of noun clauses, numeral clauses, verb clauses, and adverb clauses; and the insertion of idiomatic forms. Code mixing of students of French language is also found in English language.
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More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Noun clauses"

1

Scoville, Christine Beate. "Noun Clauses in Clinical Child Language Samples." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3545.

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Noun clauses are grammatical constructions that are of relevance both to typical language development and impaired language development. These clauses have been part of published techniques for the clinical analysis of language samples, and computer software for the automated analysis of clinical language samples has attempted to identify noun clauses, with limited success. The present study examined the development and clinical use of noun clauses as well as the automated identification of these clauses. Two sets of language samples were examined. One set consisted of 10 children with specific language impairment (SLI) whose age ranged from 7;6 to 11;1 (years;months), 10 peers matched for language development equivalence, and 10 peers matched for chronological age. The second set of samples were from 30 children considered to be typically developing, who ranged in age from 2;6 to 7;11. Language sample utterances were manually coded for the presence of noun clauses (including wh- noun clauses, that- noun clauses, and gerunds.) Samples were then automatically tagged using software. Results were tabulated and compared for accuracy. ANCOVA revealed that differences in the frequencies of WH-infinitive noun clauses and gerunds were significant between the matched groups. "Zero that clauses" (that-noun clauses containing no subordinator that) and gerunds were significantly correlated with age. Kappa levels revealed that agreement between manual and automated coding was high on WH-infinitive clauses, gerunds, and finite wh-noun clauses.
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2

Manning, Britney Richey. "Automated Identification of Noun Clauses in Clinical Language Samples." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2009. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2197.

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The identification of complex grammatical structures including noun clauses is of clinical importance because differences in the use of these structures have been found between individuals with and without language impairment. In recent years, computer software has been used to assist in analyzing clinical language samples. However, this software has been unable to accurately identify complex syntactic structures such as noun clauses. The present study investigated the accuracy of new software, called Cx, in identifying finite wh- and that-noun clauses. Two sets of language samples were used. One set included 10 children with language impairment, 10 age-matched peers, and 10 language-matched peers. The second set included 40 adults with mental retardation. Levels of agreement between computerized and manual analysis were similar for both sets of language samples; Kappa levels were high for wh-noun clauses and very low for that-noun clauses.
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3

Cohen, Maria Antonieta Amarante de Mendonça. "Syntactic change in portuguese : relative clauses and the position on the adjective in the noun phrase." [s.n.], 1989. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/268977.

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Com período co-tutela em University of London (Orientador:Theodora Bynon). Brasil: Orientador: Fernando Luiz Tarallo
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-13T23:31:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cohen_MariaAntonietaAmarantedeMendonca_D.pdf: 4828361 bytes, checksum: 39a43204c664241c50646cec71237f8d (MD5) Previous issue date: 1989
Resumo em portugues não impresso na obra
Abstract: The purpose of this dissertation is the examination of syntactic changes in the Portuguese Noun Phrase. The data on which it is based consist of successive texts which are taken as representative of consecutive periods of the Portuguese language, from the 14th c onwards. Some information about present-day Brazilian Portuguese also given. Firstly, the position of the Adjective with respect to the Noun in the Noun Phrase 15 investigated within a word order change framework. According to the statistical analysis of the Adjective, Old/Middle Portuguese has shown a predominant order adjective/Noun (AN) whereas Modern Portuguese is predominantly Noun/Adjective (NA). The data available show a sharp decrease in the use of of Adjectives around the 18th C. After that time Postposition replaced Anteposition as the preferred order...Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic digital thesis or dissertations
Doutorado
Doutor em Linguística
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4

Jessen, Ashlee Marie. "The Effect of the Semantic Depth of Spanish Verbs on Processing Demands of Filler-Gap Relationships in Noun Clauses." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3502.

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This study explored the relationship between syntax and semantics in an effort to provide evidence against a strict theory of the Autonomy of Syntax. The evidence was provided by an acceptability survey given to 20 native, adult Mexicans who ranked both declarative and wh-questions which manifested a filler-gap relationship where the gap was located in an embedded noun clause. The main verbs were controlled for semantic depth by being ranked within verbal categories according to external evidence of markedness or semantic depth. The primary hypothesis was that semantically deeper verbs would add to the already increased strain on working memory associated with filler-gap processing, thereby resulting in decreased acceptability. The results of the survey showed that, while this hypothesis held true to some degree, further research will be required to confirm the results and to further understand the intricate interactions between syntax and semantics.
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5

Bahadir, Gozde. "Structural Priming In Turkish Genitive-possessive Constructions." Phd thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614863/index.pdf.

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This study addresses the question of the mental representation and processing of language by investigating &ldquo
structural priming&rdquo
in Turkish Genitive-Possessive (GEN-POSS) constructions. Structural priming is the facilitating effect of having already experienced a structural form on its subsequent processing. We investigate this phenomenon on a construction pair in Turkish, which shares the same external GEN-POSS morpho-syntactic template despite having distinct grammatical categories. The structures under scrutiny are possessive noun phrases (e.g. &ldquo
Korsan, [prenses-in(GEN) ö
ykü
-sü
n(POSS.3SG)]-ü
hatirladi.&rdquo
which means: The pirate remembered [the princess&rsquo
s story].) and embedded noun clauses with nominalized verbs as predicates (e.g. &ldquo
Korsan, [prenses-in(GEN) gü
l-dü
g(VN)-ü
n(POSS.3SG)]-ü
hatirladi.&rdquo
which means: The pirate remembered [that the princess (had) laughed/was laughing].) The results of the study which consists of a series of production and comprehension experiments with various methodologies (written sentence completion, self-paced reading and eye-tracking) indicate that structural priming might access the morphosyntactic level of representation in Turkish. Priming seems sensitive to the distinction between the phrasal vs. clausal nature of structures. During the processing of GEN-POSS constructions, the grammatical information regarding the constituents is accessed. Complex forms are further decomposed if processing resources are available. Overall, language production and comprehension seem to operate on the same structural representations but through different mechanisms. In addition, the study also contributes to the understanding of structural priming as a methodological paradigm and to the establishment of a bridge between the processing and theoretical linguistic analysis of Turkish nominalized verbs. To conclude, this study pioneers in exploring structural priming in Turkish and opens way to future research in this line.
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Turan, Eroglu Meltem. "The Effects Of Explicit Input-based Focus On Form On The Comprehension And Use Of Noun Clauses By Intermediate Level Efl Learners At Atilim University." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12610905/index.pdf.

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This thesis investigates the effects of explicit input-based focus on form on the comprehension and production of noun clauses by the intermediate level students studying at Atilim University. To this end, a comparison was made between the comprehension and production scores of two groups of students from this context, one receiving explicit input-based focus on form (Group 1) and the other receiving no additional instruction other than the one suggested in the syllabus they were following (Group 2). Before and after this instructional intervention, both groups were given three different tests, namely an interpretation test (to evaluate how the students comprehended noun clauses), a production test (to evaluate how they used noun clauses), and a grammaticality judgment test (to evaluate the students&
#8223
explicit knowledge of noun clauses). The comparisons between Group 1 and Group 2 revealed that explicit input-based instruction may have a power to influence the L2 learners&
#8223
comprehension and explicit knowledge of noun clauses. However, the results indicated that this type of instruction may not be effective on the production of learners as it is on their comprehension of L2 forms.
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7

Theledi, Kgomotso Mothokhumo Ambitious. "Descriptive nominal modifiers in Setswana." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52755.

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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2002.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The study focused on three descriptive nominal modifiers which specify the attributes of nouns, i.e. the morphological adjective, the relative clause and the descriptive possessive. The morphological adjective appears in an adjectival phrase, which has to consist of a determiner and an adjective. The adjective must have agreement with the head noun in an NP. The adjective root may appear with nominal suffixes such as -ana and -gadi, it can be reduplicated, it may be transposed to other categories and it may even be compounded. The AP may also occur in predicative position as well as in comparative clauses. The relative clause may have the same semantic properties as the adjective. The relative clause in Setswana consists of a determiner in the position of the complementizer followed by an lP. Such an lP may have a copulative or non-copulative verb. Attention in this study has focused on the nominal relative, which appears as a complement of a copulative verb. These nominal relative stems have been divided into two sections, i.e. a section in which the nominal relative stems may not appear in a descriptive possessive construction and a second section where these stems may also appear as a complement of the possessive [a]. The semantic features of these nominal relative stems have been isolated and it is clear that they show a wide variety of semantic features. This type of relative clause represents the most prolific category, which specifies the attributes of nouns. The third category, which displays the semantic feature of an attribute of a noun, is the descriptive possessive construction. The syntactic and semantic structure of this type of phrase has been investigated. A wide variety of complements of the possessive [a] have been isolated in Setswana and some semantic features have received specific attention, i.e. group nouns and partitives.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die studie fokus op drie deskriptiewe nominale bepalers wat die attribute van naamwoorde spesifiseer nl. die morfologiese adjektief, die relatief en die deskriptiewe possessief. Die morfologiese adjektief kom voor in 'n adjektieffrase wat bestaan uit 'n bepaler en 'n adjektief. Die adjektief moet klasooreenstemming hê met die kernnaamwoord in 'n naamwoordfrase. Die adjektiefstam kan voorkom met nominale suffikse soos ana en gadi, dit kan geredupliseer word, oorgeplaas word na ander kategorieë en selfs samestellings vorm. Die adjektieffrase kan ook voorkom in 'n predikatiewe posisie sowel as in vergelykings. Die relatief kan dieselfde semantiese eienskappe hê as die adjektief. Die relatief in Setswana bestaan uit 'n bepaler in die posisie van die komplementeerder gevolg deur 'n infleksiefrase. So 'n infleksiefrase kan 'n kopulatiewe of nie-kopulatiewe werkwoord bevat. Die aandag in hierdie studie het gekonsentreer op die nominale relatief wat voorkom as 'n komplement van 'n kopulatiewe werkwoord. Hierdie nominale relatiewe stamme is verdeel in twee afdelings nl. 'n afdeling waarin die nominale relatiewe stamme nie kan voorkom in 'n deskriptiewe possessiewe konstruksie en 'n tweede afdeling waar hierdie stamme ook kan voorkom as 'n komplement van die possessiewe [a]. Die semantiese kenmerke van hierdie nominale relatiewe stamme is geïsoleer en dit is duidelik dat hulle 'n wye verskeidenheid van semantiese kenmerke het. Hierdie tipe relatief verteenwoordig In baie wye keuse t.o.v. die attribute van naamwoorde. Die derde kategorie wat die semantiese kenmerk van 'n attribuut van 'n naamwoord vertoon, is die deskriptiewe possessiewe konstruksie. Die sintaktiese en semantiese struktuur van hierdie tipe frase is nagegaan. 'n Groot verskeidenheid komplemente van die possessiewe [a] is geïsoleer in Setswana en sommige semantiese kenmerke het spesifieke aandag gekry nl. groepnaamwoorde en partitiiewe.
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8

Oliveira, Juliana Jurisberg de. "As locuções adjetivas como recurso de expressividade nos contos de Clarice Lispector." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8142/tde-01022010-130321/.

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Este trabalho pretende mostrar os efeitos expressivos gerados pelo emprego das locuções adjetivas nos contos de Clarice Lispector. Para tanto, foi realizada a recolha de sintagmas nominais com locuções adjetivas das narrativas que compõem as duas primeiras obras de contos da autora: Laços de família e A legião estrangeira. Focando-se a análise semântico-estilística na descrição das personagens, as locuções adjetivas revelaram-se como um dos motores da prosa poética, contribuindo para a construção de um mundo ficcional introspectivo. Por meio das relações semânticas entre a locução adjetiva e o substantivo nuclear do sintagma nominal, há o engenho de imagens que demonstram a subjetividade das personagens e arquitetam uma escritura plena de recursos expressivos, entre eles a metáfora, a sinédoque e a antonomásia.
This study aims at detailing the expressive effects produced by the use of the adjective clauses in Clarice Lispectors short stories. This objective was achieved by the selection of noun syntagms containing adjective clauses taken from the narratives found in the first two pieces of work of the authors short stories: Laços de família and A legião estrangeira. By focusing on the semanticstylistic analysis of the description of the characters, the adjective clauses presented themselves as one of the driving engines of the poetic prose, thus contributing to the construction of an introspective fictional world. This can be explained by the semantic relastionships, divided up into the adjective clause and the nuclear subject of the noun syntagm, among which there is and inventive production of images that demonstrate the characters subjectivity and build up a writing full of expressive resources such as the metaphor, the synecdoche and the antonomasy.
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9

Dufour, Maxime. "Clauses contractuelles et non-concurrence : approche de droit des affaires." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0316.

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Dans notre monde actuel, les entreprises utilisent, pour se prémunir de toute atteinte et protéger au maximum leurs intérêts économiques, des techniques contractuelles élaborées par la pratique telles que les clauses de non-concurrence, les clauses de confidentialité, les clauses de non-réaffiliation et les clauses de non sollicitation.Ces clauses occupent de multiples champs de l’activité contractuelle en mêlant le droit des contrats, le droit des affaires et le droit du travail. Elles visent à interdire au cocontractant, d’exercer une activité professionnelle, de divulguer des informations secrètes, ou encore d’embaucher certains collaborateurs. Ainsi, elles viennent limiter une liberté fondamentale, plus spécialement la liberté du commerce et de l’industrie. Dès lors, il semble nécessaire d’élaborer un régime juridique commun à toutes ces clauses afin de préserver d’un coté la protection de l’activité économique des entreprises et de l’autre la sauvegarde de la liberté économique des contractants soumis à de telles clauses. L’intérêt d’un régime commun est d’anticiper les conditions de validité et de mise en œuvre des ce type de clauses. De cette façon, la prévisibilité ne ferait plus défaut aux contractants. L’élaboration de ce droit commun passe par deux étapes. La première est relative à l’identification des clauses limitatives de concurrence. Il s’agit de saisir leur autonomie par rapport aux contrats dans lesquels elles peuvent être insérées et d’en tirer les conséquences au niveau leur validité. La seconde est relative à la mise en œuvre de ces clauses. Leur application est délicate car dépendante pour une grande partie de la précision de leur contenu. En cas de non-respect, un vaste choix de remèdes est offert au contractant déçu pour venir sanctionner le manquement contractuel constaté
In the modern world, to guard themselves from damage and to protect at best their economical interests, companies use contractual techniques developed by usage such as non-compete clauses,confidentiality clauses, non-reaffiliation clauses and non-solicitation clauses. These clauses cover many fields of contractual legality, mixing contract law, labor law and business law. Their aim is to prohibit the co-contractor to practice a professional activity, to disclose secret information, or even to employ specific colleagues, or contributors. Thus, they are brought to restrict a fundamental freedom, specifically the freedom of trade and of industry. As a result, it appears necessary to formulate a common legal system for all these clauses so as to preserve on one side the protection of the economic activity of the companies et on the other side the safeguard of the economic freedom of the co-contractors subject to these clauses. The benefit of a common legal system is the anticipation of the conditions of validity and implementation of this type of clause. In this way, the cocontractants will not lack in foresight. The development of this common right is in two steps. This includes confirming their autonomy relative to the contracts in which they may be inserted and draw the necessary conclusions regarding their validity. The second step is relative to the implementation of these clauses. Their application is sensitive because it depends for the most part on the precision of their content. In case of a breach of contract, a large array of legal remedies is available to the aggrieved contractor to penalize the breach of contract
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Abou, Rawach Eid. "Recherche sur les clauses exonératoires de responsabilité dans les contrats du commerce international." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010278.

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Bien que les clauses exonératoires de responsabilité revêtent une très grande importance dans les contrats du commerce international, la notion souffre d'une certaine imprécision et les différents droits nationaux n'apportent pas la même réponse à la question que pose leur validité. Cette étude a pour ambition de préciser la notion de clauses exonératoires de responsabilité en identifiant un critère uniforme qui permette de qualifier une clause d'exonératoire de responsabilité. D'abord, il importe de régler certaines difficultés liées à la coexistence de deux régimes de responsabilité et à l'existence de clauses voisines qui peuvent se confondre avec les clauses exonératoires. Ensuite, il faut analyser les critères permettant de qualifier une clause d'exonératoire. Il existe un critère qui considère comme clause exonératoire toute clause affaiblissant le régime de responsabilité. Ce critère aboutit à une hypertrophie insatisfaisante de la catégorie des clauses exonératoires. Il se heurte à beaucoup d'inconvénients et fait l'objet de multiples critiques. On se trouve alors amené à proposer un autre critère qui peut constituer une règle uniforme du droit des contrats du commerce international. Ce critère met l'accent sur la volonté des parties de restreindre la responsabilité par rapport à l'exigence du dommage prévisible. Quant à la question de la validité de ces clauses, la recherche dans le droit matériel vise à découvrira la solution uniforme la plus convenable au contexte des contrats du commerce international. Notre point de départ est de démontrer la vigueur du lien qui existe entre la clause et l'équilibre contractuel. Ceci nous conduit à soutenir que la validité de ces clauses doit être subordonnée à une limite qui veille à la préservation de cet équilibre. Les solutions du droit des conflits de lois sont également envisagées pour désigner le droit applicable à la question de la validité et pour démontrer le rôle que peuvent jouer les techniques d'ordre public international et des lois de police pour empêcher l'application d'une clause exonératoire
Despite the significance of the exemption clauses in international transactions, the notion of such clauses suffers from great obscurity. In addition, there has been no unified criteria to determine the validity of these clauses. This question of validity is currently left to the authorities of national laws. The goal of study is to define the notion of the exemption clauses by setting a uniform criteria for these clauses. First, the study examines the difficulties surrounding this notion which arise from the existence of two different types of responsibilities as well as the existence of similar clauses that could be wrongly identified as exemption clauses. Second, the study evaluates the criteria used to determine the existence of an exemption clause. This criteria considers any clause that diminishes the contractual responsibility an exemption clause. This approach is criticised as it leads to an exaggerated enlargement of the notion of the exemption clauses and therefore causes many inconveniences. The study suggests a new criteria for the exemption clauses. This criteria can work as a uniform rule of international business law. Our criteria is based on the parties' intentions which can be uncovered from the contracual terms determining the feasible damages. For the question of the validity of an exemption clause, the study attempts to find the most suitable solution given the context and special characters of international business contracts. The study proves that the exemption clause is an essential part of the contractual equilibrium. Therefore, the criteria used to judge the validity of an exemption clause has to consider the effect this clause has on such equilibrium. The solutions of conflict of laws are also examined in order to determine the applicable law on the validity question. Moreover, the study investigates the role of public policy rules in preventing the applicability of certain exemption clauses
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Books on the topic "Noun clauses"

1

Matsumoto, Yoshiko. Noun-modifying constructions in Japanese: A frame-semantic approach. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Pub., 1997.

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Postmodifying clauses in the English noun phrase: A corpus-based study. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1989.

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Daiichi, daini gengo ni okeru Nihongo meishi shūshokusetsu no shūtoku katei. Tōkyō: Kuroshio Shuppan, 2008.

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The raising of predicates: Predicative noun phrases and the theory of clause structure. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.

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Matsumoto, Yoshiko, Bernard Comrie, and Peter Sells, eds. Noun-Modifying Clause Constructions in Languages of Eurasia. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tsl.116.

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Serbo-Croatian. München, Germany: Lincom Europa, 1997.

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Baysal, Aynur. Yetişkin Türk öğrencilerinin ilgi-tümcelerini öğrenmede izledikleri sıra ve bunun ad öbeklerinin erişimlik sıralaması (NPAH) ile bağlantısı: The noun phrase accessibility hierarchy (NPAH) in the acquisition of English restrictive relative clauses by Turkish adult learners of English. Eskişehir, Turkey: Anadolu Üniversitesi, 2001.

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Kordić, Snježana. Relativna rečenica. Zagreb, Croatia: Hrvatsko filološko društvo, 1995.

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Kordić, Snježana. Der Relativsatz im Serbokroatischen. München, Germany: Lincom Europa, 1999.

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Wörter im Grenzbereich von Lexikon und Grammatik im Serbokroatischen. München, Germany: Lincom Europa, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Noun clauses"

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Noonan, Michael. "Relative clauses and noun-modifying clauses in Chantyal." In Typological Studies in Language, 355–69. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tsl.116.app2.

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Matthews, Stephen, and Virginia Yip. "Noun-modifying clauses in Cantonese." In Typological Studies in Language, 105–20. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tsl.116.06mat.

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DeCapua, Andrea. "Complex Sentences Continued: Noun Clauses." In Grammar for Teachers, 345–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33916-0_11.

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Sullivan, Nancy M. "Adjective, Adverb, and Noun Clauses." In Essential Grammar for Today’s Writers, Students, and Teachers, 135–79. Second edition. | London ; New York : Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429053672-5.

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Heim, Irene. "Functional readings without type-shifted noun phrases." In Reconstruction Effects in Relative Clauses, edited by Manfred Krifka and Mathias Schenner, 283–302. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783050095158-009.

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Benedetti, Marina. "Non-canonical subjects in clauses with noun predicates*." In Studies in Language Companion Series, 15–32. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/slcs.131.01ben.

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Carpio, María Belén, and Marisa Censabella. "Clauses as noun modifiers in Toba (Guaycuruan)." In Typological Studies in Language, 171–90. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tsl.102.08car.

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Fehri, Abdelkader Fassi. "Inflectional Projections in Noun Phrases." In Issues in the Structure of Arabic Clauses and Words, 213–80. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1986-5_5.

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Fukui, Naoki, and Mihoko Zushi. "On certain differences between noun phrases and clauses." In Studies in Language Companion Series, 265–86. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/slcs.99.14fuk.

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Kanté, Issa. "Mood and modality in finite noun complement clauses." In Benjamins Current Topics, 117–40. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/bct.43.06kan.

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Conference papers on the topic "Noun clauses"

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Nefedov, Andrey. "A Polysynthetic Language in Contact: The Case of Ket." In GLOCAL Conference on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 2019. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/cala2019.5-2.

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Ket is one of the most enigmatic polysynthetic languages in North Asia. The majority of structural features complicating a clear-cut typological analysis of Ket are due to the long-term contact with the languages of a radically different type that resulted in a peculiar process of structural mimicry (or ‘typological accommodation’ in Vajda’s (2017) terms). The mimicry is most evident in the verbal morphology, which is traditionally regarded as almost exclusively prefixing. While this is true for the oldest layer of verbs with the main lexical root in the final position, Ket’s most productive patterns of verb formation clearly imitate suffixal agglutination typical of the surrounding languages by placing the main lexical root in the initial position with the rest of morphemes following it. This presentation aims to demonstrate that this phenomenon is also attested at the syntactic level. Prototypical polysynthetic languages are largely devoid of overt subordination (cf. Baker 1996). Ket, however, signals adverbial subordination by using postposed relational morphemes attached to fully finite verbs. This pattern is common to adverbial clauses in the neighboring languages, the difference being that they attach relational morphemes to non-finite forms only. This functional-structural parallel is likewise attested in relative clauses. The surrounding languages share a common relativization pattern involving preposed participial relative clauses with a ‘gapped’ relativized noun phrase (Pakendorf 2012). This resembles the major relativization pattern in Ket, in which, however, preposed relative clauses are fully finite. Formation of adverbial and relative clauses in Ket clearly mimics that of the surrounding languages and does not conform to the expected ‘polysynthetic’ pattern. At the same time, Ket resists accommodating a participle-like morphology, which can be connected with the general tendency among polysynthetic languages not to have truly non-finite forms (cf. Nichols 1992).
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Friedrich, Tobias, and Ralf Rothenberger. "Sharpness of the Satisfiability Threshold for Non-Uniform Random k-SAT." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/853.

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We study a more general model to generate random instances of Propositional Satisfiability (SAT) with n Boolean variables, m clauses, and exactly k variables per clause. Additionally, our model is given an arbitrary probability distribution (p_1, ..., p_n) on the variable occurrences. Therefore, we call it non-uniform random k-SAT. The number m of randomly drawn clauses at which random formulas go from asymptotically almost surely (a.a.s.) satisfiable to a.a.s. unsatisfiable is called the satisfiability threshold. Such a threshold is called sharp if it approaches a step function as n increases. We identify conditions on the variable probability distribution (p_1, ..., p_n) under which the satisfiability threshold is sharp if its position is already known asymptotically. This result generalizes Friedgut’s sharpness result from uniform to non-uniform random k -SAT and implies sharpness for thresholds of a wide range of random k -SAT models with heterogeneous probability distributions, for example such models where the variable probabilities follow a power-law.
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Kurniaputra, Sugiharto, Halinda Saraswati, Firman Rosdjadi Joemadi, Aluisius Hery Pratono, and Nabbilah Amir. "Cigarette: The GATT non-discrimination clause." In Proceedings of the Social and Humaniora Research Symposium (SoRes 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/sores-18.2019.100.

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Otten, Jens. "nanoCoP: Natural Non-clausal Theorem Proving." In Twenty-Sixth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2017/695.

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Most efficient fully automated theorem provers implement proof search calculi that require the input formula to be in a clausal form, i.e. disjunctive or conjunctive normal form. The translation into clausal form introduces a significant overhead to the proof search and modifies the structure of the original formula. Translating a proof in clausal form back into a more readable non-clausal proof of the original formula is not straightforward. This paper presents a non-clausal automated theorem prover for classical first-order logic. It is based on a non-clausal connection calculus and implemented with a few lines of Prolog code. Working entirely on the original structure of the input formula yields not only a speed up of the proof search, but the resulting non-clausal proofs are also shorter.
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Zhao, Shizhong. "An Error Analysis of English Attributive Clauses by Non-English Major College Students." In 3rd International Conference on Management Science, Education Technology, Arts, Social Science and Economics. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/msetasse-15.2015.216.

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Umiyati, Mirsa. "The Complexity of Relative Clause’s Position in Fiction and Non-Fiction Text." In Proceedings of the Eleventh Conference on Applied Linguistics (CONAPLIN 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/conaplin-18.2019.115.

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Umiyati, Mirsa. "The Complexity of Relative Clause’s Position in Fiction and Non-Fiction Text." In Proceedings of the Eleventh Conference on Applied Linguistics (CONAPLIN 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/conaplin-18.2019.211.

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Umiyati, Mirsa. "The Complexity of Relative Clause’s Position in Fiction and Non-Fiction Text." In Proceedings of the Eleventh Conference on Applied Linguistics (CONAPLIN 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/conaplin-18.2019.318.

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Hebrard, Emmanuel, and George Katsirelos. "Clause Learning and New Bounds for Graph Coloring." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/856.

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Graph coloring is a major component of numerous allocation and scheduling problems. We introduce a hybrid CP/SAT approach to graph coloring based on exploring Zykov’s tree: for two non-neighbors, either they take a different color and there might as well be an edge between them, or they take the same color and we might as well merge them. Branching on whether two neighbors get the same color yields a symmetry-free tree with complete graphs as leaves, which correspond to colorings of the original graph. We introduce a new lower bound for this problem based on Mycielskian graphs; a method to produce a clausal explanation of this bound for use in a CDCL algorithm; and a branching heuristic emulating Brelaz on the Zykov tree. The combination of these techniques in a branch- and-bound search outperforms Dsatur and other SAT-based approaches on standard benchmarks both for finding upper bounds and for proving lower bounds.
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Lee, Songwook, Tae-Yeoub Jang, and Jungyun Seo. "The grammatical function analysis between Korean adnoun clause and noun phrase by using support vector machines." In the 19th international conference. Morristown, NJ, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/1072228.1072247.

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Reports on the topic "Noun clauses"

1

Staiger, Robert, and Alan Sykes. How Important can the Non-Violation Clause be for the GATT/WTO? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w19256.

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