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Hultén, Siri. ""Cualquier feminista nos haría polvo con dos frases" : La representación del amor en la novela Algo tan parecido al amor de Carmen Amoraga." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Avdelningen för spanska, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-90996.
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En este trabajo analizamos la representación del amor en Algo tan parecido al amor (2007), una novela española escrita por Carmen Amoraga. El análisis se realiza en tres partes, primero, se hace un recorrido por los distintos aspectos de las relaciones amorosas representados en la novela. Después, tomando como punto de partida la estructura de la narración, investigamos cómo se relaciona con los rasgos de la novela sentimental, basándonos en las teorías de Ciplijauskaité (2004). Por último, nos interesamos por los aspectos feministas de la novela. En Algo tan parecido al amor el amor se representa de varias maneras. El matrimonio se presenta como una institución social importante, los adulterios son el eje de la narración, pero no se hacen de manera transgresora. Se puede apreciar una crítica a la solución de la novela rosa tradicional en el sentido de que la novela cuestiona el vínculo entre el amor y la felicidad. Existe una relación contradictoria con respecto a los rasgos de la novela sentimental. La novela no requiere la colaboración de un lector activo. Detrás de las tres narradoras homodiegéticas hay una voz narradora omnisciente que dirige el centro de atención, un rasgo de la novela sentimental, pero también se hace uso de la estrategia anti-sentimental de la ironía. La dicotomía entre la mujer casada y la amante es la más tratada en la novela, no la que hay entre la mujer y el hombre de la pareja. No obstante, las mujeres y los hombres se relacionan de manera algo diferente con el tema, siendo la sexualidad y la reproducción los campos donde las diferencias se hacen más notables. El hecho de que la novela tenga como objetivo entretener más que llevar a cabo un cambio social contribuye a la interpretación de su falta de valores feministas.
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Hart, Hilary. "Sentimental spectacles : the sentimental novel, natural language, and early film performance /." view abstract or download file of text, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3120625.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2004.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 176-181). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Hart, Hilary 1969. "Sentimental spectacles : the sentimental novel, natural language, and early film performance." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/297.
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Advisor: Mary E. Wood.
xii, 181 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm. Print copy also available for check out and consultation in the University of Oregon's library under the call number: PS374.S714 H37 2004.The nineteenth-century American sentimental novel has only in the last twenty years received consideration from the academy as a legitimate literary tradition. During that time feminist scholars have argued that sentimental novels performed important cultural work and represent an important literary tradition. This dissertation contributes to the scholarship by placing the sentimental novel within a larger context of intellectual history as a tradition that draws upon theoretical sources and is a source itself for later cultural developments. In examining a variety of sentimental novels, I establish the moral sense philosophy as the theoretical basis of the sentimental novel's pathetic appeals and its theories of sociability and justice. The dissertation also addresses the aesthetic features of the sentimental novel and demonstrates again the tradition's connection to moral sense philosophy but within the context of the American elocution revolution. I look at natural language theory to render more legible the moments of emotional spectacle that are the signature of sentimental aesthetics. The second half of the dissertation demonstrates a connection between the sentimental novel and silent film. Both mediums rely on a common aesthetic storehouse for signifying emotions. The last two chapters of the dissertation compare silent film performance with emotional displays in the sentimental novel and in elocution and acting manuals. I also demonstrate that the films of D. W. Griffith, especially The Birth of a Nation, draw upon on the larger conventions of the sentimental novel.
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Taylor, Anne. "Sentimental Journey/Winter Journey: Araki Nobuyoshi's Contemporary Shishōsetsu." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/13310.
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Senchimentaru na tabi fuyu no tabi or Sentimental Journey/Winter Journey, a photobook created and published by photographer Araki Nobuyoshi in 1991, documented two highly personal events of the photographer's life. The first section consists of twenty-two images of Araki's 1971 honeymoon with his wife Yōko Aoki, while the second section features ninety-one images and an essay documenting the last six months of Yōko's life in 1989-90. This thesis measures SJ/WJ against a Japanese literary tradition invoked by Araki in his opening manifesto: the shishōsetsu. A genre of writing from the early 1900's that read like a confessional or personal diary, the shishōsetsu was regarded as a `true' story insofar as it revealed a totally transparent `author' within a totally transparent `text.' Given these criteria, this thesis determines the success of Araki's SJ/WJ as a true-to-life autobiography.
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Schulz, Melissa N. "Moral fictions girlhood and the material Bible in the sentimental novel /." Diss., [La Jolla] : University of California, San Diego, 2010. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/fullcit?p1477932.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of California, San Diego, 2010.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed July 13, 2010). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 60-61).
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Sawyer, Octavia Cathryn. "Reinventing Virtue: Sensibility and Sentiment in the Works of Maria Edgeworth." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2009. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2845.pdf.
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Wootton, Lesley Wallace. "Sentimental classism : nature and status in popular nineteenth-century American women's novels /." Connect to title online (ProQuest), 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1883699791&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Woolridge, Robert E. "CONFRONTING MASCULINITY: THE GEN X NOVEL (1984-2000) AND THE SENTIMENTAL MAN." OpenSIUC, 2019. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1670.
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Experimental novels written from 1984-2000 by authors associated with Generation X collectively struggle with common sense notions of masculinity in their various decades at the end of the twentieth century. Relying on confessional, first-person narration, first novels written by white men stage a critical engagement of outdated patriarchal norms in an effort to produce a more progressive masculinity based on sentimentality. In the 1980s, McInerney and Ellis novels, Bright Lights, Big City and Less Than Zero chronicle the struggles of empty, yuppie men who cannot make connections with their peers due to their emotionally devoid lives. By the 1990s, Douglas Coupland proposes a new, sentimental masculinity with his protagonist Andy who narrates Generation X: Tales for an Accelerated Culture. Andy creates sympathetic connections with his peers through the act of confessional storytelling. Chuck Palahniuk’s Fight Club does similar cultural work as Coupland’s novel by creating an anti-sentimental, nameless narrator so bereft of emotion that he creates a hypermasculine alter-ego and violent groups to avoid the emotional emptiness of his life. Finally, Dave Eggers’s A Heartbreaking Work of Staggering Genius (2000) produces the most progressive, evolved masculine narrator, Dave, who spends the entire novel coming to terms with the death of his parents while raising his brother as a son. The novels, in both content and form, become more complex and richer reflecting the development of their protagonists and their philosophical arguments for progressing into sentimental men.
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Ellis, Markman. "The politics of sentimentalism : controversy and polemic in the sentimental novel 1758-1771." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334078.
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Minter, Matt. "Disinterested benevolent sensibility in Henry Mackenzie's The man of feeling, reconsidering the role of Shaftesbury's sentimental philosophy in the rise of the sentimental novel." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0015/MQ48403.pdf.
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Minter, Matt (Matthew John) Carleton University Dissertation English. "Disinterested benevolent sensibility in Henry Mackenzie's The man of feeling; reconsidering the role of Shaftesbury's sentimental philosophy in the rise of the sentimental novel." Ottawa, 1999.
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Bowen, Michael John. "Uncertain affections : representations of trust in the British sentimental novel of the eighteenth century." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38158.
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This thesis examines representations of trust in selected British sentimental novels of the eighteenth century. It focuses principally on the manner in which sentimental prose fiction reflects and participates in the shift from premodern to modern formations of trust. Commenting on the nature of modern trust, Anthony Giddens claims that, with the move to modernity, trust relations in the intimate sphere become increasingly dependent on emotional mutuality, while trust in institutions becomes increasingly impersonal and disengaged from assessments of moral character.My work explores this dual shift in three sentimental novels. It first analyzes Samuel Richardson's Pamela (1740) and contends that Richardson denies the concept of honor its epistemological role in practical deliberations. The denial of the epistemology of honor uncouples the mechanism of personal trust from assessments of role and role performance and thus makes the trust in persons in the intimate sphere less dependent on institutional forms of trust. To replace honor's role in the formation of trust, Richardson proposes that the sentiments can provide reliable grounds for trust in the intimate sphere. However, he denies the sentiments a role in the formation of an encompassing social trust among strangers and mere acquaintances. The thesis proceeds to read Henry Fielding's Amelia (1751). In order to argue that Fielding envisioned divergent grounds for trust relations, it maintains that Fielding considers trust relations in the intimate sphere and trust relations in public life as based on the sentiments and fair distribution respectively. To conclude, the thesis investigates Oliver Goldsmith's The Vicar of Wakefield (1766) to uncover the manner in which Goldsmith distinguishes personal trust in the intimate sphere from general system trust, which Goldsmith ultimately envisions as an ontological trust in providence.
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Kramer, Kaley Andrea. "The politics of identity and property law in women's sentimental and Gothic novels, 1752-1806." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.484911.
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This thesis engages with the representations of property and ownership in women's sentimental and Gothic novels in the latter half of the eighteenth century. I investigate women~s relationship with . real property and legal inheritance as well as their connection with such concepts as 'cultural capital' and 'intellectual property'. Be~cing with John Locke's formulation ~f essenti~ ownership and Carole Pateman's assertion of the gendered basis of this 'possessive selP,.I argue.that narratives of ownership, fundamental to inclusion within communities ranging from the family to the nation, are '. broader and more complex than law or history can define. Recent critical work, from literary ~d historical perspectives, illuminates the multifaceted and shifting valences of consanguineal, affinal, and sentimental 'belonging'. Cultural, literary; and social p~adiginsof the eighteenth century, . .~..-. .: . particularly sensibility, romance, and the Gothic, b~th r~f~:r~~ and subvert legal constructions of the female (non)subject. By questioning and combining genres, the writers in this thesis tested the boundaries of narratives in order to re-assert women's self-possession and autonomy, whether married or single. Both private and public, writing allowed women to demoiIstrate their own . .acquisition of cultural capital in the process of creating new intellectual property andmaterial artefact. The curious property created through print, both intangible and material, offered women an image with which to eXplore their own contested subjectivity. Women's participation in the emerging print market signals both their identification with traditional, established narratives and their willingness to create alternative meanings and interpretations.
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Upton, Creon. "Narrating Sentiment in Mason & Dixon: A Modernist Novel of Feeling." Thesis, University of Canterbury. English, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2591.
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This thesis approaches Thomas Pynchon's novel, Mason & Dixon, in terms of its narrative structure and sentimental content. Pynchon is generally regarded as a challenging and innovative writer, so narrative is an unsurprising subject for a study of his most recent work; sentimentalism, on the other hand, is a far cry from traditional approaches to his writing. Despite this, however, as I outline in my introduction, sentimentalism has long hovered around the edges of Pynchon's work. In Mason & Dixon it takes a privileged role as the dominating mood of the novel's final section, "Last Transit." This sentimentalism, far from being the retrogressive move that the term might imply, is bound up in a radically reconceived approach to the narrating voice of novelistic discourse, whence comes the unifying feature of my study. In Mason & Dixon, I identify this unity in the novel's referencing of film, long-established as one of Pynchon's major cultural influences. In my first chapter, I outline my approach to sentimentalism and narrative-in the modern and, specifically, modernist novel, as well as in contemporary film. In chapter two I outline my conception of Mason & Dixon's narrator as emulating film's visual representations; in chapter three, I explore this narrator as a "radically underdetermined" identity, who represents, not a linguistically embodied subjectivity, but rather representation as its own agent, as representation itself. In my fourth and final chapter, I examine how this narrator manages the sentimental content of the novel, concentrating on the character of Mason.
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Peace, Mary. "The figure of the prostitute in eighteenth-century sentimental discourse : charity, politeness and the novel." Thesis, University of York, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265374.
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Kropp, Colleen Mary. "Courting Equity; or Moral Sentiments in the Law and British Fiction." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2017. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/472318.
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EnglishPh.D.
This dissertation explores the relationship between the ‘rise’ of the British novel and the critical changes happening in contemporary English marriage law from early eighteenth-century to the end of the nineteenth-century. While citing landmark legal treatises and acts and positioning these novels as the medium through which to see the way these legal moments significantly shaped British culture and society, equity is ultimately at the heart of this study, with equity functioning as part of law but a corrective to it. Running parallel to this protocol of reading through equity is a reading informed through moral philosophy, drawn predominantly from the work of Adam Smith and other thinkers from the Scottish Enlightenment. They encourage us to think about obligation, and the relationship between intentions, expectations, and consequences on the point of promise and contract. Beginning with Daniel Defoe’s Moll Flanders (1722), I show the moral and legal difficulties that arise when promises are based purely on verbal contracts. I then move to Samuel Richardson’s Pamela (1740) and Pamela in Her Exalted Condition (1741) to address the importance and utility of contract, but also the need to outline and endorse a system—introduced through Hardwicke’s Act (1753)—that would provide a more reliable structure for the marriage narrative. Mary Wollstonecraft’s Maria (1798) and Sir Walter Scott’s The Bride of Lammermoor (1819), both of which I call historical novels, pinpoint legal structures that are both oppressive and obsolete, and those who fall victim to the insufficient common law require a more equitable judgment. George Eliot’s Daniel Deronda (1876) encourages readers to think about the potency behind intentions, both expressed and implied, and how resulting consequences can often run counter to the original intentions and expectations. I posit each text as a ‘case’ warranting treatment and judgment in a court of equity, where the particular details are judged in and of themselves but then stand as an offering for ways to continue to think about the general pattern and evaluation of human nature and morals.
Temple University--Theses
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Minton, Duygu. "Re-working Novelistic Sentiment: Barbauld, Smith, Edgeworth, and the Politics of Children's Fiction." OpenSIUC, 2013. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/727.
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Despite the recognized importance of Anna Letitia Barbauld, Maria Edgeworth, and Charlotte Smith as commentators on 1790s radicalism, pedagogy, and novel conventions, their writings for children and for adults tend to be studied separately. Indeed, despite each writer's familiarity with the others' work, these figures are rarely discussed together. I argue that studying these authors' cross-generic works using a comparative approach reveals the ways in which novels and children's books have informed and influenced each other, both in their reciprocal developments and as distinct genres. I further argue that even as the juvenile fiction of Barbauld, Edgeworth, and Smith seems rather tamely oriented toward the integration of natural history with conduct lessons, the genre was in fact a vital means by which each writer weighed her own social-welfare and aesthetic priorities within contexts of political upheaval.
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Shi, Tian. "Novel Algorithms for Understanding Online Reviews." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/104998.
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This dissertation focuses on the review understanding problem, which has gained attention from both industry and academia, and has found applications in many downstream tasks, such as recommendation, information retrieval and review summarization. In this dissertation, we aim to develop machine learning and natural language processing tools to understand and learn structured knowledge from unstructured reviews, which can be investigated in three research directions, including understanding review corpora, understanding review documents, and understanding review segments.
For the corpus-level review understanding, we have focused on discovering knowledge from corpora that consist of short texts. Since they have limited contextual information, automatically learning topics from them remains a challenging problem. We propose a semantics-assisted non-negative matrix factorization model to deal with this problem. It effectively incorporates the word-context semantic correlations into the model, where the semantic relationships between the words and their contexts are learned from the skip-gram view of a corpus. We conduct extensive sets of experiments on several short text corpora to demonstrate the proposed model can discover meaningful and coherent topics.
For document-level review understanding, we have focused on building interpretable and reliable models for the document-level multi-aspect sentiment analysis (DMSA) task, which can help us to not only recover missing aspect-level ratings and analyze sentiment of customers, but also detect aspect and opinion terms from reviews. We conduct three studies in this research direction. In the first study, we collect a new DMSA dataset in the healthcare domain and systematically investigate reviews in this dataset, including a comprehensive statistical analysis and topic modeling to discover aspects. We also propose a multi-task learning framework with self-attention networks to predict sentiment and ratings for given aspects. In the second study, we propose corpus-level and concept-based explanation methods to interpret attention-based deep learning models for text classification, including sentiment classification. The proposed corpus-level explanation approach aims to capture causal relationships between keywords and model predictions via learning importance of keywords for predicted labels across a training corpus based on attention weights. We also propose a concept-based explanation method that can automatically learn higher level concepts and their importance to model predictions. We apply these methods to the classification task and show that they are powerful in extracting semantically meaningful keywords and concepts, and explaining model predictions. In the third study, we propose an interpretable and uncertainty aware multi-task learning framework for DMSA, which can achieve competitive performance while also being able to interpret the predictions made. Based on the corpus-level explanation method, we propose an attention-driven keywords ranking method, which can automatically discover aspect terms and aspect-level opinion terms from a review corpus using the attention weights. In addition, we propose a lecture-audience strategy to estimate model uncertainty in the context of multi-task learning.
For the segment-level review understanding, we have focused on the unsupervised aspect detection task, which aims to automatically extract interpretable aspects and identify aspect-specific segments from online reviews. The existing deep learning-based topic models suffer from several problems such as extracting noisy aspects and poorly mapping aspects discovered by models to the aspects of interest. To deal with these problems, we propose a self-supervised contrastive learning framework in order to learn better representations for aspects and review segments. We also introduce a high-resolution selective mapping method to efficiently assign aspects discovered by the model to the aspects of interest. In addition, we propose using a knowledge distillation technique to further improve the aspect detection performance.Doctor of Philosophy
Nowadays, online reviews are playing an important role in our daily lives. They are also critical to the success of many e-commerce and local businesses because they can help people build trust in brands and businesses, provide insights into products and services, and improve consumers' confidence. As a large number of reviews accumulate every day, a central research problem is to build an artificial intelligence system that can understand and interact with these reviews, and further use them to offer customers better support and services. In order to tackle challenges in these applications, we first have to get an in-depth understanding of online reviews. In this dissertation, we focus on the review understanding problem and develop machine learning and natural language processing tools to understand reviews and learn structured knowledge from unstructured reviews. We have addressed the review understanding problem in three directions, including understanding a collection of reviews, understanding a single review, and understanding a piece of a review segment. In the first direction, we proposed a short-text topic modeling method to extract topics from review corpora that consist of primary complaints of consumers. In the second direction, we focused on building sentiment analysis models to predict the opinions of consumers from their reviews. Our deep learning models can provide good prediction accuracy as well as a human-understandable explanation for the prediction. In the third direction, we develop an aspect detection method to automatically extract sentences that mention certain features consumers are interested in, from reviews, which can help customers efficiently navigate through reviews and help businesses identify the advantages and disadvantages of their products.
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Olivier, Séverine. "Le roman sentimental: productions contemporaines et pratiques de lecture." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210245.
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Etiqueté péjorativement « roman à l’eau de rose », le roman sentimental, critiqué et plutôt méconnu, est pourtant un genre paralittéraire à succès. Bien qu’inspirant mépris et indifférence, cette production et son lectorat francophone méritent dès lors qu’on s’y attarde. Produit emblématique de la culture médiatique, le roman sentimental représente en effet un indicateur de mutations culturelles d’importance. Articulée en deux temps, notre analyse se centre, d’une part, sur les spécificités de cette production et, d’autre part, sur son lectorat francophone. L’examen du roman sentimental sous l’angle textuel, éditorial et auctorial est donc couplé à une enquête qualitative basée sur un ensemble d’entretiens semi-directifs visant à circonscrire les pratiques du lectorat, à éclaircir les motifs à la base de la lecture sentimentale et à déterminer sa fonction principale.Doctorat en Langues et lettres
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Fourny, Corinne. "Intersecting discourses : the interaction of the libertine and the sentimental discourse in mid-eighteenth century French and English novels." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2004. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11574/.
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French and English literature in the eighteenth century are generally held to have a symbiotic relationship and the links between the two sentimental traditions, in particular, have been well documented by scholars. However the connections between the sentimental and the libertine discourse have tended to be obliterated. The main assumption underlying this project is the existence of an intimate interplay between sentimentalism and libertinism. Its main aim is to trace the strong attraction existing between the two and to question the genre and national dimensions which have been perpetuated by previous critical discourses through close textual analyses of mid-century French and English novels (Sterne's A Sentimental Journey and Crebillon's Les Egarements du Coeur et de I 'esprit and Les Heureux Orphelins, Haywood's The Fortunate Foundlings, Riccoboni's Lettres de Milady Juliette Catesby, Burney's Evelina, and Cleland's Fanny Hill). The focus will be on the moment when the libertine is tempted to behave sentimentally or when the sentimental (wo)man is tempted to act as a libertine. The relationships between these core texts being very rich, they will be approached from different perspectives in each of the issue-based chapters which will centre on questions of language, non-linguistic communication, sociability, epistolarity and difference.
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Poria, Soujanya. "Novel symbolic and machine-learning approaches for text-based and multimodal sentiment analysis." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/25396.
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Emotions and sentiments play a crucial role in our everyday lives. They aid decision-making, learning, communication, and situation awareness in human-centric environments. Over the past two decades, researchers in artificial intelligence have been attempting to endow machines with cognitive capabilities to recognize, infer, interpret and express emotions and sentiments. All such efforts can be attributed to affective computing, an interdisciplinary field spanning computer science, psychology, social sciences and cognitive science. Sentiment analysis and emotion recognition has also become a new trend in social media, avidly helping users understand opinions being expressed on different platforms in the web. In this thesis, we focus on developing novel methods for text-based sentiment analysis. As an application of the developed methods, we employ them to improve multimodal polarity detection and emotion recognition. Specifically, we develop innovative text and visual-based sentiment-analysis engines and use them to improve the performance of multimodal sentiment analysis. We begin by discussing challenges involved in both text-based and multimodal sentiment analysis. Next, we present a number of novel techniques to address these challenges. In particular, in the context of concept-based sentiment analysis, a paradigm gaining increasing interest recently, it is important to identify concepts in text; accordingly, we design a syntaxbased concept-extraction engine. We then exploit the extracted concepts to develop conceptbased affective vector space which we term, EmoSenticSpace. We then use this for deep learning-based sentiment analysis, in combination with our novel linguistic pattern-based affective reasoning method termed sentiment flow. Finally, we integrate all our text-based techniques and combine them with a novel deep learning-based visual feature extractor for multimodal sentiment analysis and emotion recognition. Comparative experimental results using a range of benchmark datasets have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
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Mori, Thiago. "Ob cænum. Normalitat cultural, sexe i models cosmopolites a la novel·la sentimental masculina de Josep Maria Francès." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/329290.
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Aquesta és una tesi sobre uns espais literaris ignorats.
La literatura sentimental de consum del primer terç del segle XX, sovint mal classificada, concentra dos d’aquests espais. Primer, perquè la literatura sentimental produïda per a homes s’associava sovint amb l’obscenitat i la pornografia, i estava sotmesa a severs condemnes d’ordre moral.
Després, perquè els sistemes de validació literària encara no han trobat un encaix adient per a la literatura de consum. Paradoxalment, la millor literatura de masses, feta amb pretensions estètiques, és la més ignorada.
Es feia necessari separar algunes coses: entendre per què es consideraven pornogràfiques o immorals algunes d’aquestes obres, i per què han estat excloses dels seus sistemes literaris. La comparació revela que els processos de condemna d’ambdós sistemes, moral i estètic, són anàlegs.
Finalment, caldria donar subsidis per entendre una manifestació, a la literatura catalana —que comptava amb un mercat editorial força distint del de les altres literatures europees— d’aquests models literaris no canònics: l’obra de Josep Maria Francès, principalment les seves novel·les sentimentals, La rossa de mal pèl (1929) i Marasme (1938).
Tanmateix, l’objectiu principal d’aquesta tesi no és fer una lectura profunda de l’obra de Francès, sinó oferir unes eines que possibilitin considerar-la sota un altre prisma.This is a thesis on ignored literary spaces. The mass-consumption sentimental literature of the first third of the 20th century, often poorly classified, concentrates both of these areas. First, sentimental literature produced by men was often associated with obscenity and pornography, and was subjected to severe moral convictions. Then, because the literary validation systems have not yet found a suitable fit for consumption literature. Paradoxically, the best mass literature, written with aesthetic ambitions, is the most frequently ignored. It was necessary to separate some different aspects to understand why some of these works were considered immoral or pornographic, and why they have been excluded from their literary systems. The comparison reveals that the processes of condemnation of both moral and aesthetic systems are analogous. Finally, it was necessary to generate new tools to understand a possible manifestation, in the Catalan literature —which had a literary market quite different from the other European literatures— of those noncanonical literary models, through the literary works of Josep Maria Francès, mainly his sentimental novels La rossa de mal pèl (1929) i Marasme (1938). However, the main goal of this thesis is not to make a thorough reading of the works of Francès, but providing tools that may allow reading his wok under a different prism.
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Mori, Ribeiro Thiago. "Ob cænum : normalitat cultural, sexe i models cosmopolites a la novel·la sentimental masculina de Josep Maria Francès." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA136.
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Ce travail étudie des espaces littéraires ignorés. La littérature sentimentale de grande consommation du premier tiers du XXe siècle, souvent mal classée, concentre à la fois deux de ces zones. D’abord, la littérature sentimentale produite pour un public masculin était souvent associée à l’obscénité et à la pornographie, et a été soumise à des jugements moraux rigoureux. Deuxièmement, parce que les systèmes de validation littéraire n’ont pas encore trouvé un ajustement approprié pour la littérature de grande consommation. Paradoxalement, la meilleure littérature de masse, écrite avec des ambitions esthétiques, est souvent la plus ignorée. Il faudrait établir les frontières entre ses différents aspects pour comprendre la raison pour laquelle certaines de ces œuvres ont été considérées obscènes ou pornographiques, et pourquoi elles ont été exclues de leurs systèmes littéraires. La comparaison révèle que les processus de la condamnation des deux systèmes, moral et esthétique, sont analogues. Finalement, notre travail vise à analyser la présence de ce genre de roman sentimental masculin dans la littérature catalane —qui avait un marché littéraire et un système canonique tout à fait différent de ceux des autres littératures européennes. Nous pouvons trouver un bon exemple de cette manifestation dans les œuvres de Josep Maria Francès, surtout dans ses romans sentimentaux écrits à l’entre-deux-guerres, La rossa de mal pèl (1929) et Marasme (1938). Cette thèse n’a pas pour but d’analyser en profondeur les œuvres de Francès, mais d’offrir des outils qui puissent permettre une nouvelle compréhension de son travail : le catalogue complet de ses articles de presse, une édition minutieuse de Marasme, roman inédit, et la définition de l’espace occupé par ses romans sentimentaux aussi bien que du genre qu’ils représententThis is a thesis about ignored literary spaces. The mass-consumption sentimental literature of the first third of the 20th century, often poorly classified, concentrates both of these areas. First, the sentimental literature produced for men was often associated with obscenity and pornography, and was subjected to severe moral sentences. Secondly, because the literary validation systems have not yet found a suitable fit for consumption literature. Paradoxically, the best mass literature, written with aesthetic ambitions, is the most frequently ignored. It would be necessary to separate some different aspects to understand why some of these works were considered obscene or pornographic, and why they have been excluded from their literary systems. The comparison reveals that the processes of condemnation of both moral and aesthetic systems are analogous. Finally, our work aims to analyze the presence of this kind of sentimental novel for men in the Catalan literature —which had a literary market and a canonical system quite different from the other European literatures. We can find a good example of this manifestation at the works of Josep Maria Francès, mainly his sentimental novels written during the interwar period, La rossa de mal pèl (1929) and Marasme (1938). This thesis does not aim to provide a deep analysis of Francès’ works, but to offer tools that may allow reading it under a different, richer point of view: the complete catalogue of his newspaper articles, a thorough edition of the unpublished novel Marasme and the definition of the ambits occupied by his sentimental novels and of the genre they represent
Aquesta tesi tracta d’uns espais literaris ignorats. La literatura sentimental de consum del primer terç del segle XX, sovint mal classificada, concentra dos d’aquests àmbits. Primer, perquè la literatura sentimental produïda per a homes s’associava sovint amb l’obscenitat i la pornografia, i estava sotmesa a severes condemnes d’ordre moral. Després, perquè els sistemes de validació literària encara no han trobat un encaix adient per a la literatura de consum. Paradoxalment, la millor literatura de masses, feta amb pretensions estètiques, és la més ignorada. Convindria, tanmateix, separar algunes coses: entendre per què es consideraven pornogràfiques o immorals algunes d’aquestes obres, i per què han estat excloses dels seus sistemes literaris. La comparació revela que els processos de condemna d’ambdós sistemes, moral i estètic, són anàlegs. Finalment, volem analitzar la presència d’aquest tipus de noveŀla sentimental masculina a la literatura catalana —que comptava amb un mercat editorial i un sistema canònic força distint del de les altres literatures europees. En trobem un exemple adient a l’obra de Josep Maria Francès, principalment en dues de les seves noveŀles d’entreguerres, La rossa de mal pèl (1929) i Marasme (1938). L’objectiu principal d’aquesta tesi no és pas fer una lectura profunda de l’obra de Francès, sinó oferir unes eines que possibilitin avaluar-la sota un altre prisma: el buidatge complet dels seus articles periodístics, una edició curosa de Marasme —noveŀla fins ara inèdita— i la definició dels espais que les seves noveŀles sentimentals ocupen i del gènere a què corresponen
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Dorotte, Juliette. "La naissance du roman américain (1789-1819) : poétique de l’hybridité." Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040180.
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Cette étude propose de réviser le postulat selon lequel le roman américain ne naît que dans les années 1820, pour suggérer que cette forme émerge plus tôt, entre 1789 et 1819. La période qui suit la fin de la guerre d’Indépendance n’est pas favorable à la naissance du roman : les élites craignent alors la déchéance de la jeune République, et la fiction risque de faire basculer le pays dans l’anarchie. Les œuvres des premiers auteurs américains sont fortement façonnées par l’impératif de didactisme et d’utilité sociale et morale qui pèse alors sur la création littéraire. Toutefois, le roman qui émerge dans les années 1790 demeure une forme sombre, plurielle et paradoxale qui résiste à toute tentative de recadrage et de maîtrise, comme en témoigne particulièrement l’œuvre de Charles Brockden Brown. Alors qu’une première tradition littéraire a commencé à se mettre en place au tournant du siècle, le roman subit une transformation esthétique majeure au cours des années 1800 et 1810. Il dépeint à présent avec nostalgie, dans une forme lisse, mesurée et linéaire, une Amérique qui n’existe plus ou qui n’a jamais existé, dans laquelle tout est perpétuellement ordonné et transparent. Ces ouvrages ne marquent pourtant pas l’avènement du roman américain, car leur équilibre est artificiel et les éléments sombres sont toujours lisibles au cours de ces deux décennies. Nous concluons qu’un roman spécifiquement américain se développe effectivement entre 1789 et 1819, qui, au moyen de deux esthétiques opposées mais complémentaires, s’interroge sur l’individualité, le temps et l’écriture, dans une quête perpétuelle d’équilibre et de maîtrise qui ne se réalise jamais vraimentAlthough critics still widely consider the American novel only emerges in the 1820s, this dissertation invalidates this assertion and suggests that it rises between 1789 and 1819 and has specific aesthetic characteristics. The period that follows the close of the Revolution is not favorable to the development of the novel: the elites fear the fall of the early Republic, and the novel might precipitate the nation into anarchy. The first American authors’ works are fashioned by the social and moral imperatives that influence writing at that time. Despite these measures, the novels published in the 1790s are dark, fragmented and paradoxical and resist any attempt at order and control, as Charles Brockden Brown’s works show. While the 1790s seem to witness the development of a specifically American tradition, the novel undergoes a major aesthetic change at the beginning of the 19th century. Long fictions now depict, with nostalgia and in a smooth, balanced, strongly linear form, an ordered and transparent American nation that is no more or that never existed. Yet these works do not indicate that the American novel has reached its mature form, as their balance is purely artificial and unruly elements are still at work during those decades. We conclude that a specifically American novel emerges during the thirty years following the Revolution: under two different but complementary aesthetics, this genre questions matters linked to individuality, time and writing, and is haunted by a quest for control and balance that never really comes to completion
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Akay, Altug. "A Novel Method to Intelligently Mine Social Media to Assess Consumer Sentiment of Pharmaceutical Drugs." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Systemsäkerhet och organisation, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-203119.
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This thesis focuses on the development of novel data mining techniques that convert user interactions in social media networks into readable data that would benefit users, companies, and governments. The readable data can either warn of dangerous side effects of pharmaceutical drugs or improve intervention strategies. A weighted model enabled us to represent user activity in the network, that allowed us to reflect user sentiment of a pharmaceutical drug and/or service. The result is an accurate representation of user sentiment. This approach, when modified for specific diseases, drugs, and services, can enable rapid user feedback that can be converted into rapid responses from consumers to industry and government to withdraw possibly dangerous drugs and services from the market or improve said drugs and services. Our approach monitors social media networks in real-time, enabling government and industry to rapidly respond to consumer sentiment of pharmaceutical drugs and services.QC 20170314
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Schiariti, Francesco. "La nostalgie de la civilisation. Les représentations de l’Ancien Régime dans les romans sensibles, les romans historiques, les vies romancées et les vies édifiantes (1789-1847)." Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PESC0009/document.
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La Révolution Française a été à l’origine d’une accélération de l’histoire aussi bien que de la création de « l’Ancien Régime », sur les plans institutionnel et impressionniste. De nombreux romanciers, historiques ou sensibles (et souvent les deux), nés avant 1789, ont exprimé, sous les différents régimes qui se succèdent par la suite, une nostalgie de la civilisation des divers Anciens Régimes, en représentant les heures glorieuses de la Monarchie Absolue, la « douceur de vivre » d’un XVIIIe siècle apaisé, la courtoisie héroïque des dames et chevaliers dont les amours sont appelées à illustrer le courant troubadour. Ces travaux s’arrêtent sur les moyens et visées de la reconstruction romanesque des périodes prérévolutionnaires dans un large corpus, chronologiquement étendu jusqu’à 1847, en convoquant certains auteurs canoniques (Chateaubriand, Florian, Sade) ou souvent sollicités (Mme Cottin, Mme de Genlis, Mme Gay, Mme de Souza) et plusieurs « minores », dont certains n’avaient pas encore fait l’objet d’études modernes, (Mme de Bawr, Mme Brossin de Méré, Mme Candeille, Guesdon, l’abbé Proyart …)The French Revolution creates a History’s acceleration and the concept of the Ancien Regime, on institutional and impressionist levels. After 1789, numerous novelists, historical or sentimental (many times both), born during Louis XV and Louis XVI reigns, express nostalgia for Ancien Régime’s civilization. They write about the highlights of the Bourbon’s monarchy, the “douceur de vivre” of the Marie-Antoinette era or the medieval courtesy (in troubadour pieces of work about ladies and knights). This doctoral thesis explores the purposes and methods of the representation of prerevolutionary periods in novels. The large corpus (1789-1847) include famous male (Chateaubriand, Florian, Sade) and female (Mme Cottin, Mme de Genlis, Mme Gay, Mme de Souza) authors and several “minores” – some of them still ignored by modern studies - (Mme de Bawr, Mme Brossin de Méré, Mme Candeille, Guesdon, l’abbé Proyart …)
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Trichet, Corinne. "Le statut des écrits dans Madame Bovary, l'Education sentimentale, Bouvard et Pécuchet de Gustave Flaubert." Thesis, Tours, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUR2007/document.
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Nous traitons des écrits dans le roman flaubertien, en nous intéressant en particulier aux trois romans de Gustave Flaubert : Madame Bovary, L’Éducation sentimentale et Bouvard et Pécuchet. Cela nous conduit à examiner différents types d’écrits circulant dans ces œuvres. Ceux-ci sont très variés et peuvent aller de la lettre à l’affiche, en passant par les journaux, les dictionnaires, et la littérature bien sûr, tout autant de supports qu’il existe de fonctions et d’enjeux. Au XIXe siècle, l’écrit occupe une place croissante dans la société et dans les œuvres littéraires, notamment dans le roman réaliste balzacien où les billets mondains circulent en transmettant des codes sociaux. Mais les lettres et les œuvres y sont aussi introduites abondamment et peuvent être lues de manière polysémique mais toujours signifiante. Ces choix vont de pair avec le développement de l’écrit au XIXe, par le biais notamment des journaux et de l’avènement du roman-feuilleton. Les écrits peuvent d’abord être distingués selon leur visée utilitaire ou esthétique, ils sont très nombreux dans le roman flaubertien et revêtent de multiples fonctions comme celle consistant à mettre en relief ce qui est visuel, faisant naître une forme de théâtre par la graphie. Puis, ils peuvent aussi transmettre la voix officielle, comme lors de faits juridiques à valeur à la fois référentielle et romanesque. Leur statut est parfois même historique, surtout dans L’Éducation sentimentale où résonnent les événements révolutionnaires de 1848 qui ont marqué l’époque, mais cette polyphonie présente le plus souvent un enjeu métatextuel en transmettant la voix du romancier dans une mise en abyme ; donner à voir ou à lire l’écrit serait sans doute pour lui aussi un moyen de se représenter en tant qu’auteur ou peut-être aussi, à l’opposé, de se distinguer de tous les écrits utilitaires qui caractérisent cette nouvelle société démocratiqueWe are dealing with the writings in Flaubert’s novels, especially in the three following novels : Madame Bovary, L’Éducation sentimentale and Bouvard et Pécuchet. There are different types of writings in those works ; indeed they are varied and they can be a letter, a poster, a newspaper or even a dictionary, they are as varied as the numerous functions and issues that exist. In the nineteenth century, writing had an increasing part in society and literary works, especially in the realist novels by Balzac in which social notes were spread passing social codes. But letters and works were also abundantly introduced and could be read in different but always significant ways. Those choices went hand in hand with the development of writings in the nineteenth century thanks to newspaper and the advent of serials. Writings can be first distinguished according to their useful or aesthetic goal ; they are numerous in Flaubert’s novels and have several functions as the one which underlines what’s visual, making appear a kind of play thanks to the written form. Then they can also spread the official voice as in legal facts that have both a fictional and reference value. Their status is even sometimes historical, mainly in L’Éducation sentimentale in which the 1848 revolutionary events resonate ; but this polyphonic narrative often shows what’s at stake, delivering the novelist’s voice in a mise en abyme ; seeing or reading what is written could also be a mean to introduce himself as an author, but also maybe, on the contrary, to distinguish himself from the useful writing that characterized that new democratic society
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Freire, Carlo Curvelano. "A politica do sentimento : a Nova Heloisa de Jean-Jacques Rousseau." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/278708.
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Orientador: Jose Oscar de Almeida MarquesDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
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Resumo: Os objetivos do presente estudo são, além de apontar na obra de Rousseau princípios de moral e de gosto que podem servir para esclarecer a gênese de seu famoso romance, mostrar que o autor, com sua Nova Heloísa, já antecipava para seus leitores alguns dos princípios de sua pedagogia, compilados sobretudo no Emílio, e demonstrava estar bem avançado no desenvolvimento de alguns dos princípios de sua teoria política, organizados de forma mais exaustiva sobretudo no Contrato Social.
Abstract: The objectives of the present study are, besides pointing in the work of Rousseau principles of moral and taste that may serve to elucidate the genesis of his famous romance, to show that the author, with his La nouvelle Heloise, already anticipated for his readers some of the principles of his pedagogy, compiled above all in the Emile, and has shown himself to be very advanced in the development of some principles of his political theory, organized in a exhaustive way chiefly in the Social Contract.
Mestrado
Historia da Filosofia Moderna
Mestre em Filosofia
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Morgan, George MacGregor. "London! O Melancholy! : the eloquence of the body in the town in the English novel of sentiment." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/2573.
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Morgan reads the treatment of gesture in Clarissa (Richardson, 1747 - 48), Amelia (Fielding,1 751), and Cecilia (Burney, 1782) to study the capacity the sentimental novel attributes to physical forms of eloquence to generate sociability and moderate selfishness in London. He argues that the eighteenth-century English novel of sentiment adopts a physiology derived from Descartes's theory of the body-machine to construct sentimental protagonists whose gestures bear witness against Bernard Mandeville's assertions that people are not naturally sociable, and that self-interest, rather than sympathy, determines absolutely every aspect of human behaviour. However, when studied in the context of sentimental fiction set in the cruel and unsociable metropolis of London, the action of this eloquent body proved relatively ineffectual in changing its spectators for the better. In the English novelistic tradition that stems from Samuel Richardson's Clarissa (1747 - 48), selfishness lies at the roots of civilization, and inculcates modern urban people with instinctively theatrical mores: metropolitan theatricality, marked out in the gestures of the polite body, works to vitiate the sociability that might naturally animate everyday human intercourse. Clarissa responds to the dilemma of the intrinsic theatricality and self-interestedness of modern civil society with a heroine whose gestures (that is, whose physical states) demonstrate an eloquence that partially counteracts some of the effects self-love has upon the metropolis. But while sympathy and natural eloquence do little to diminish London's submission to selfishness, they remain, in Clarissa, unequivocally good. In contrast with Clarissa, Henry Fielding's Amelia (1751) and Frances Burney's Cecilia (1782) criticize both phenomena. In these novels, both by written by socially conservative authors, natural eloquence and sympathy do not generate sociability in London at all and do not even ensure personal virtue unless they are tempered by the discipline of some kind of theatricality. For Fielding and for Burney, unregulated sympathy becomes a problem to which the best remedy is a modicum of stage-craft. But, strangely enough, all three novels indirectly licence the principles of the self-interest they ostensibly attack. Ultimately, these novels of sentiment self-consciously position sympathy and natural eloquence as supplemental discourses that might protest against the dominant practices of Mandevillian self-interest that produce the social order of the metropolis. The net result is that the novel of sentiment implicitly tolerates the dominance of self-interest in the areas of public activity that lie mostly outside the subject-matter with which sentimental fiction principally concerns itself.
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Moraes, Rodrigues Ariston. "O romantismo revisitado : Machado de Assis, primeiros romances." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA053.
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Cet ouvrage est basé sur l’analyse les quatre premiers romans de l’écrivain brésilien Machado de Assis (1839-1908) – Ressurreição (1872), A mão e a luva (1874), Helena (1876) et Iaiá Garcia (1978) – avec l’intention de comprendre la relation de ces livres avec le mouvement romantique brésilien. Bien qu’ils aient été écrits à une époque où le romantisme au Brésil touchait à sa fin, ces livres ont été considérés par les critiques du début du XXe siècle comme étant des romans romantiques étant donné la récurrence d’éléments narratifs qui ont structuré ce mouvement lequel a vu le jour au Brésil en 1836. Pourtant, bien que la présence de tels éléments dans l’œuvre de la jeunesse de Machado de Assis puisse être constatée, ils n’obéissent pas la démarche technique de ce mouvement littéraire. Il est donc nécessaire de discuter dans quelle mesure et sous quelle forme ces éléments sont présents dans les premiers romans de l’écrivain. Pour cela, la discussion sur le processus de création du mouvement romantique brésilien, directement lié à l’affirmation d’une identité nationale propre à l’Empire brésilien (1822-1889), représente un thème clé pour comprendre l’importance de la couleur locale, et plus particulièrement du paysage brésilien, dans le noyau esthétique du mouvement romantique dans ce pays. À partir des grandes lignes de ces éléments structurants du romantisme brésilien, l’analyse des premiers romans de Machado de Assis met au jour une révision critique de la tradition romantique par l’auteur, dans son projet de développer une littérature originale, créative, indépendante et universelleThis work analyzes the first four novels of the Brazilian writer Machado de Assis (1839-1908) – Ressurreição (1872), A mão e a luva (1874), Helena (1876), and Iaiá Garcia (1978) – aiming to understand the link between these books and the Brazilian romantic movement. Although the novels were written at a time when Romanticism in Brazil was coming to an end, they were classified by critics of the early 20th century as romantic works because they contained recurrent narrative elements based on that movement which began in Brazil in 1836. Nevertheless, although such elements can be observed in the early work of Machado de Assis, they do not meet the technical procedure of the overall romanticist literary movement. It is thus necessary to discuss the extent to which these elements are deployed in the writer's initial novels. In order to do that, this work analyzes the process of creation of the Brazilian romantic movement, which is directly associated with the Empire of Brazil (1822-1889). This is important to understand the role of the local color, and more specifically of the Brazilian landscape, in the aesthetic basis of the Brazilian romanticism. From the outline of this basic structure of Brazilian romanticism, the analysis of the early novels of Machado de Assis shows that the author critically reviewed the romantic tradition to develop an original, creative, independent and universal literature
Este trabalho analisa os quatro primeiros romances do escritor brasileiro Machado de Assis (1839-1908) – Ressurreição (1872), A mão e a luva (1874), Helena (1876) e Iaiá Garcia (1978) – com a intenção de compreender a relação destes livros com o movimento romântico brasileiro. Apesar de terem sido escritos na época em que o romantismo no Brasil chegava ao seu fim, esses livros foram classificados pela crítica do início do século XX como obras românticas dada a recorrência de elementos narrativos aparentados a este movimento que, no Brasil, teve início em 1836. No entanto, ainda que se possa observar a presença de tais elementos nas obras de juventude de Machado de Assis, eles não obedecem ao proceder técnico desse movimento literário. Então, cumpre-se discutir em que medida e de que maneira esses elementos estão presentes nos romances iniciais do escritor. Para tanto, a discussão sobre o processo de criação do movimento romântico brasileiro, diretamente associado à afirmação da identidade nacional e do Império brasileiro (1822-1889), consiste numa questão relevante a fim de se compreender a importância da cor local, e mais especificamente da paisagem brasileira, no cerne estético do romantismo nacional. A partir do delineamento desse elemento estrutural do romantismo no Brasil, a análise dos primeiros romances de Machado de Assis permite constatar de fato o seu intuito de revisitar de forma crítica a tradição romântica no intento de desenvolver uma literatura original, criativa, independente e universal
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Jarussi, Margarete Borsi. "Ensino fundamental de nove anos: sentimentos revelados por professores do primeiro ano." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2013. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/16103.
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Previous issue date: 2013-10-08Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo
Since educational laws 11.11405 and 11.274 elementary education has now a nine year length and the admission of first year students at the age of six, respectively. Educational chances have direct implications on school routine, especially on first year teacher interaction. The present research aim to indentify and comprise first year teacher feelings and emotions in the nine year elementary education. Prioritizing affective dimensions, the theoretical reference adopted is Henri Wallon´s theory of development. The research was made at a state school in the São Paulo metropolitan region. The methodological approach is qualitative and, in order to produce data, two first year teachers of the new length elementary education that also taught in the first year of eight year elementary education were interviewed. Whereof interviews, charts and synthesis were elaborated to assist the data discussion. For teachers characterization, a informative questionnaire was set. The results shown teachers feel insecure when it comes to pedagogical practice and first year content, pointing little knowledge on nine year elementary education official documents. Data revealed a further training necessity that engenders teachers affective, cognitive and motor aspects, increasing communication channels, privileging listening and dialogue
A partir das legislações 11.114/05 e 11.274/06 o Ensino Fundamental passou a ter duração de nove anos, e o ingresso de crianças no 1º ano com seis anos de idade. Mudanças educacionais têm implicações diretas no cotidiano escolar, sobretudo na atuação do professor do 1º ano. A presente pesquisa teve como objeto de estudo identificar e compreender sentimentos e emoções de professores que lecionam para os alunos do 1º ano do Ensino Fundamental de nove anos. Priorizou-se a dimensão afetiva, e o referencial teórico escolhido foi a teoria de desenvolvimento de Henri Wallon. A pesquisa foi realizada em uma escola pública da rede estadual de ensino da Grande São Paulo. O caminho metodológico percorrido foi de cunho qualitativo, e para a produção de informações foram realizadas entrevistas individuais com duas professoras que lecionam para o 1º ano do Ensino Fundamental de nove anos e que atuaram como professoras da 1ª série do Ensino Fundamental de oito anos. A partir das entrevistas foram elaborados quadros e sínteses para auxiliarem na discussão dos dados. Para a caracterização das professoras foi utilizado questionário informativo. Os resultados evidenciaram que as professoras se sentem inseguras no que se refere à sua prática pedagógica e aos conteúdos do 1º ano e apontaram pouco conhecimento sobre os documentos oficiais referentes ao ensino de nove anos. Os dados revelaram a necessidade de uma formação continuada que leve em consideração os aspectos afetivo, cognitivo e motor do professor, ampliando o canal de comunicação e privilegiando a escuta e o diálogo
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Kim, Seungyeon. "Novel document representations based on labels and sequential information." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53946.
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A wide variety of text analysis applications are based on statistical machine learning techniques. The success of those applications is critically affected by how we represent a document. Learning an efficient document representation has two major challenges: sparsity and sequentiality. The sparsity often causes high estimation error, and text's sequential nature, interdependency between words, causes even more complication.
This thesis presents novel document representations to overcome the two challenges. First, I employ label characteristics to estimate a compact document representation. Because label attributes implicitly describe the geometry of dense subspace that has substantial impact, I can effectively resolve the sparsity issue while only focusing the compact subspace. Second, while modeling a document as a joint or conditional distribution between words and their sequential information, I can efficiently reflect sequential nature of text in my document representations. Lastly, the thesis is concluded with a document representation that employs both labels and sequential information in a unified formulation.
The following four criteria are utilized to evaluate the goodness of representations: how close a representation is to its original data, how strongly a representation can be distinguished from each other, how easy to interpret a representation by a human, and how much computational effort is needed for a representation.
While pursuing those good representation criteria, I was able to obtain document representations that are closer to the original data, stronger in discrimination, and easier to be understood than traditional document representations. Efficient computation algorithms make the proposed approaches largely scalable. This thesis examines emotion prediction, temporal emotion analysis, modeling documents with edit histories, locally coherent topic modeling, and text categorization tasks for possible applications.
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Erik, Cambria. "Application of common sense computing for the development of a novel knowledge-based opinion mining engine." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/6497.
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The ways people express their opinions and sentiments have radically changed in the past few years thanks to the advent of social networks, web communities, blogs, wikis and other online collaborative media. The distillation of knowledge from this huge amount of unstructured information can be a key factor for marketers who want to create an image or identity in the minds of their customers for their product, brand, or organisation. These online social data, however, remain hardly accessible to computers, as they are specifically meant for human consumption. The automatic analysis of online opinions, in fact, involves a deep understanding of natural language text by machines, from which we are still very far. Hitherto, online information retrieval has been mainly based on algorithms relying on the textual representation of web-pages. Such algorithms are very good at retrieving texts, splitting them into parts, checking the spelling and counting their words. But when it comes to interpreting sentences and extracting meaningful information, their capabilities are known to be very limited. Existing approaches to opinion mining and sentiment analysis, in particular, can be grouped into three main categories: keyword spotting, in which text is classified into categories based on the presence of fairly unambiguous affect words; lexical affinity, which assigns arbitrary words a probabilistic affinity for a particular emotion; statistical methods, which calculate the valence of affective keywords and word co-occurrence frequencies on the base of a large training corpus. Early works aimed to classify entire documents as containing overall positive or negative polarity, or rating scores of reviews. Such systems were mainly based on supervised approaches relying on manually labelled samples, such as movie or product reviews where the opinionist’s overall positive or negative attitude was explicitly indicated. However, opinions and sentiments do not occur only at document level, nor they are limited to a single valence or target. Contrary or complementary attitudes toward the same topic or multiple topics can be present across the span of a document. In more recent works, text analysis granularity has been taken down to segment and sentence level, e.g., by using presence of opinion-bearing lexical items (single words or n-grams) to detect subjective sentences, or by exploiting association rule mining for a feature-based analysis of product reviews. These approaches, however, are still far from being able to infer the cognitive and affective information associated with natural language as they mainly rely on knowledge bases that are still too limited to efficiently process text at sentence level. In this thesis, common sense computing techniques are further developed and applied to bridge the semantic gap between word-level natural language data and the concept-level opinions conveyed by these. In particular, the ensemble application of graph mining and multi-dimensionality reduction techniques on two common sense knowledge bases was exploited to develop a novel intelligent engine for open-domain opinion mining and sentiment analysis. The proposed approach, termed sentic computing, performs a clause-level semantic analysis of text, which allows the inference of both the conceptual and emotional information associated with natural language opinions and, hence, a more efficient passage from (unstructured) textual information to (structured) machine-processable data. The engine was tested on three different resources, namely a Twitter hashtag repository, a LiveJournal database and a PatientOpinion dataset, and its performance compared both with results obtained using standard sentiment analysis techniques and using different state-of-the-art knowledge bases such as Princeton’s WordNet, MIT’s ConceptNet and Microsoft’s Probase. Differently from most currently available opinion mining services, the developed engine does not base its analysis on a limited set of affect words and their co-occurrence frequencies, but rather on common sense concepts and the cognitive and affective valence conveyed by these. This allows the engine to be domain-independent and, hence, to be embedded in any opinion mining system for the development of intelligent applications in multiple fields such as Social Web, HCI and e-health. Looking ahead, the combined novel use of different knowledge bases and of common sense reasoning techniques for opinion mining proposed in this work, will, eventually, pave the way for development of more bio-inspired approaches to the design of natural language processing systems capable of handling knowledge, retrieving it when necessary, making analogies and learning from experience.
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Langendorfer, Anne Therese. "Feeling Real: Emotion in the Novels of William Dean Howells and Henry James." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1499858033212105.
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Dion, Laetitia. "Histoires de mariage- Une contribution à l’histoire des formes narratives à la Renaissance : le mariage dans la fiction narrative française (1515-1559)." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO20066.
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Les études consacrées à la représentation du mariage dans les textes narratifs au XVIe siècle cherchent le plus souvent à mettre en rapport l’image du lien conjugal construite par les récits avec les débats de l’époque. Nous avons voulu combiner cette approche, relevant davantage de l’histoire des idées, à une analyse des formes littéraires en nous interrogeant sur le rôle joué par le thème du mariage dans les évolutions du genre narratif à la Renaissance.Nous menons notre enquête sur un ensemble de douze fictions narratives en prose, de composition française, écrites entre 1515 et 1559. Durant cette période, le mariage se trouve au cœur de nombreuses controverses théologico-politiques et les regards portés sur la vie conjugale se modifient. En nous appuyant sur un travail de contextualisation historique, nous croisons une approche thématique avec une réflexion sur la poétique narrative pour étudier la structuration des intrigues, la construction des personnages et les dispositifs didactiques et herméneutiques des textes. La comparaison de nos récits à d’autres œuvres – contemporaines ou antérieures, françaises ou étrangères – fait apparaître, au cours de notre période, un renouvellement de la matière narrative autour du mariage. L’accent mis sur certaines situations matrimoniales et les enjeux spécifiques qui leur sont associés à l’époque se révèlent être un ferment favorable à l’apparition de structures narratives innovantes. Le mariage joue en particulier un rôle déterminant dans l’orientation des récits brefs vers le genre de l’histoire tragique et dans l’apparition de formes romanesques originales à travers lesquelles on voit s’élaborer le genre du roman sentimentalIn most cases, studies devoted to the representation of marriage in narrative texts of the 16th century aim to link the image of the marriage bond as elaborated in the narratives to the controversies of the time. In order to show how the theme of marriage has played a part in the development of the narrative genre in the French Renaissance, we have decided to combine such an approach, which is rather based on the history of ideas, with an analysis of literary styles.We have conducted our survey on a set of twelve prose narrative fictions written in French between 1515 and 1559. Marriage was then at the heart of many theological-political controversies and married life started to be seen in a new light. Basing our work on historical contextualization, we have intertwined a thematic approach with a reflection on narrative poetics so as to study the plot structure and characterization as well as the didactic and hermeneutic systems of the texts. Comparing these narratives with other literary works – contemporary or prior, French or foreign – has enabled us to highlight a renewal of the narrative matter related to marriage themes during that period. The emphasis put on certain matrimonial situations and the related specific challenges in those days created favourable grounds for the advent of innovative narrative structures. Marriage stories have particularly contributed to orienting short stories towards the style of tragic stories and to giving birth to original novelistic forms in which the early stirrings of the style of the sentimental novel can be seen
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Abreu, Ludmila Passos. "O ingresso no 1º ano do ensino fundamental de nove anos: sentimentos revelados por crianças de uma escola pública." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/16602.
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Previous issue date: 2010-05-12Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Based upon the theory proposed by Henri Wallon, the present study researched the feelings of children from a public school when entering the first year of fundamental school. The gathering of data happened during three sessions organized with a small group of children in a public school located in the state of Pernambuco. The sessions happened in February, August and October. The first one was made with four children, but in the following two sessions, only three of them were present, and eventually became the subjects of the study. In each session, a warm-up activity was proposed, in which they made drawings about the experiences of children in the first year of fundamental school. From the beginning of this activity, the conversation among the children and with the researcher brought significant insights into their feelings. The gathered data was analyzed by means of the explicit signification, which allowed the definition of three categories: material and physical space of the school; encounters and unencounters with the teacher; the act of reading viewed through the perspective of emotion. The results showed that these aspects unleash several emotions in children, whether pleasant or unpleasant. The material and physical space of the school bring out some urges on the children, which cannot be fulfilled, given the real conditions of the school. The feelings about the teacher change during the year. In the beginning, they feel scared by the demands of discipline in the classroom. Later, they recognize her authority, and in the end they even justify some of her actions, standing by her side. Regarding the learning of reading, they have a vague notion in the beginning of the school year, and by the end they consider themselves able to read, even though they recognize this as a still evolving ability
Com base na teoria proposta por Henri Wallon, o presente estudo investigou os sentimentos de crianças de uma escola pública ao ingressar no 1º ano do ensino fundamental de nove anos. Para a produção de informações foram realizados três encontros com um pequeno grupo de crianças em uma escola da rede municipal de uma cidade localizada no interior de Pernambuco. Os encontros aconteceram nos meses de fevereiro, agosto e outubro. Participaram inicialmente quatro crianças. No segundo e terceiro encontros estavam presentes apenas três, que se estabeleceram como participantes da pesquisa. Em cada encontro, foi proposta como atividade de aquecimento a elaboração de um desenho relacionado às vivências das crianças no 1º ano do ensino fundamental. Desde o momento da execução do desenho, a conversa das crianças entre si e com a pesquisadora trouxe elementos significativos para a apreensão de seus sentimentos. As informações obtidas foram transcritas e analisadas por meio da explicitação de significados, procedimento que permitiu a definição de três categorias: material e espaço físico da escola; encontros e desencontros com a professora; a leitura na ótica do sentimento. Os resultados apontaram que esses aspectos desencadeiam nas crianças diversos sentimentos, tanto de tonalidade agradável como desagradável. O material e o espaço físico da escola fazem vir à tona alguns desejos das crianças que, devido às condições reais oferecidas pela escola, não podem ser realizados. Os sentimentos em relação à professora se modificam ao longo do ano. No início, as crianças se mostram amedrontadas devido a sua forma de exigir a disciplina em sala de aula. Mais tarde, reconhecem sua autoridade e por fim chegam a justificar algumas de suas ações, defendendo-a. Quanto à aprendizagem da leitura, apresentam uma noção vaga no início do ano, e já ao final se consideram aptas a ler, reconhecendo que esta é uma habilidade ainda em construção.
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Garcia, Yuska Natasha Bezerra Felício. "Uma criança pequena em uma escola de grandes: sentimentos e emoções no ingresso do ensino fundamental de nove anos." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2012. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/16046.
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Previous issue date: 2012-06-05Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
This present research had as main problem to investigate the feelings and emotions of the educators in their work with the students of six years old that are into the nine years High School, as well the six years old students feelings and emotions into this period of admission that represents to them a transition between Pre-School and High School, so giving subsidies to the student and teacher s comprehension, so their interaction and the place of affection in teaching-learning process. For having as priority to investigate the affect dimension, the theoretical framework chosen was the Henri Wallon s development theory. This research had a qualitative approach and, for the information production, were first done interviews with two High School s teachers that have been teaching from the past years in old eight years High School first grade period that the students had seven years old followed by a continuous observation of two classes with 45 students at all, witch in the first one were 24 students and in the second one 22 and their teachers with their daily school dynamics. From the observations done, it was created episodes and boards to help analysis and information discussion. The main results founded were: 1) The most of the feelings and student s inducing situations were related to the teacher; 2) the pleasant students feelings referent to the first grade s experience were preponderant, which was the opposite of the unpleasant feelings; 3) the new High School s system adaptation wasn t only for the kids, but for families, teachers and for the educational institutions, as well; 4) the students expectations of reading and writing outperforms all the existing gaps inside High School. It is concluded there is the necessity of adaptation into the school, as a physical place, to receive those children as better they can and minimize the differences in this period of basic education to pre-school transition process, so the necessity of the teachers - no matter what year they teach - to demonstrate affection, comprehension and flexibility with their students, to favor the teaching-learning process and to remain success on the fulfillment of school s functions
A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo central investigar, compreender e analisar os sentimentos e emoções dos educadores no trabalho com crianças de seis anos no Ensino Fundamental de nove anos, bem como os sentimentos e emoções dos educandos de seis anos de idade neste ano de ingresso que representa para eles a transição entre a Educação Infantil e o Ensino Fundamental e assim, dar subsídios à compreensão do aluno e do professor, da interação entre eles e do papel da afetividade no processo ensino-aprendizagem. Por ter prioridade investigar a dimensão afetiva, o referencial teórico escolhido foi da teoria de desenvolvimento de Henri Wallon. A pesquisa teve uma abordagem qualitativa e, para a produção de informações, foram realizadas, inicialmente, entrevistas com duas professoras com exercício da docência no Ensino Fundamental de nove anos que atuaram, em anos anteriores, como docentes na antiga 1ª série do Ensino Fundamental de oito anos em que regularmente os educandos tinham 7 anos de idade seguidas da observação contínua de duas turmas de 45 alunos ao total, sendo 24 alunos em uma e 22 em outra e seus professores em suas dinâmicas escolares cotidianas. A partir das observações realizadas, episódios e quadros foram elaborados para auxiliar na análise e discussão dos dados. Os principais resultados encontrados foram: 1) a maioria dos sentimentos e as situações indutoras dos alunos estão relacionados à professora; 2) os sentimentos dos educandos de tonalidades agradáveis referentes às suas vivências no contexto do 1º ano foram preponderantes, em oposição aos sentimentos de tonalidades desagradáveis; 3) a adaptação ao novo sistema de Ensino Fundamental não é somente das crianças, mas também das famílias, dos professores e das próprias instituições de ensino; 4) o anseio em aprender a ler e a escrever dos alunos supera todos as lacunas existentes na escola de Ensino Fundamental. Conclui-se que há a necessidade de adaptação do meio físico da escola, a fim de receber melhor as crianças de seis anos no Ensino Fundamental minimizando as diferenças no processo de transição entre essa fase da educação básica e a Educação Infantil, assim como, pela também necessidade de todos os professores independentes do ano em que atuem demonstrarem afetividade, compreensão e flexibilidade com seus alunos, no sentido de favorecer o processo de ensino-aprendizagem e o sucesso no cumprimento das funções da escola
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Matias, Joelma Dias. "Práticas amorosas e normas socioculturais nas narrativas epistolares de Emilia e Joaquim Fontes (1890-1895)." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2017. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/5667.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESThis research analyzed the practices of love in Sergipe in the XIX century based on the experience of the couple Emilia and Joaquim Fontes, who bequeathed in the letters published in the literary work Luz na tormenta (1948) by Emilia Fontes, the love story lived by the two. We also understood how sociocultural rules controlled the practices of love in in the XIX Brazil, as well as the impressions built by Brazilian society of that century on the norms that regulated these practices. We also perceived femine behavior in the face of sociocultural rules that controlled the practices of love in Brazil in the XIX century. We use as main source the literay work Luz natormenta. We talk with the theories of Bourdieu (2002), Certeau (1994), Elias (2005) and Pais (2007) to understand that everyday life is marked by the coexistence of normativity and contingency, by a kind of unstable equilibrium of order. We found that Sergipe Emilia Fontes had a good part of her life controlled by the forces of a patriarchal power and, defying social conventions, opposed and resisted the rules that governed the loving practices of her time, employing procedures that favored her loving relationship with Joaquim. Therefore, we consider these positions of opposition and resistance to the norms presented by Emilia as a vestige of change in the behavior of the Aracajunian society about the norms that guided the practices of love in the late XIX century.
Esta pesquisa analisou as práticas amorosas em Sergipe em fins do século XIX, partindo da experiência do casal Emilia e Joaquim Fontes, que legaram nas cartas editadas na obra Luz na tormenta (1948) de Emilia Fontes, a história de amor vivida pelos dois. Compreendemos ainda como as regras socioculturais controlavam as práticas amorosas no Brasil da década de 1890, além das impressões construídas pela sociedade brasileira desse século acerca das normas que regulamentavam essas práticas. Percebemos, também, o comportamento feminino diante das regras socioculturais que controlavam essas práticas amorosas no Brasil no século XIX. Utilizamos como fonte principal a obra Luz na tormenta. Fazemos uso de conceitos difundidos por Bourdieu (2002), Certeau (1994), Elias (2005) e Pais (2007) para entender que o cotidiano é marcado pela coexistência da normatividade e da contingência, por uma espécie de equilíbrio instável da ordem. Verificamos que a sergipana Emilia Fontes teve boa parte de sua vida controlada pelas forças de um poder patriarcal e, desafiando as convenções sociais, opôs-se e resistiu às regras que orientavam as práticas amorosas de sua época, empregando procedimentos que favoreceram seu relacionamento amoroso com Joaquim. Portanto, consideramos essas posturas de oposição e resistência às normas apresentadas por Emilia como um vestígio de mudança no comportamento da sociedade aracajuana acerca das normas que orientavam as práticas amorosas no final do século XIX.
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Hromadova-Quint, Céline. "Les romans de Françoise Sagan : sincérité et faux-semblants." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030094.
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Cette thèse est consacrée aux romans de Françoise Sagan portant sur leur rapport à l’illusion et aux faux-semblants. Notre travail consiste d’abord à situer l’écrivaine dans son époque, celle de l’après-guerre, à travers les notions d’engagement, d’absurde ou de mélancolie. L’auteure anticipe ou accompagne l’évolution des mentalités et des mœurs en reconsidérant la place de la femme dans la société et en militant pour plus de liberté. Dans un second temps, la monographie fait porter l’analyse sur la dimension sentimentale des romans de Sagan. La représentation d’un amour désenchanté est soutenue par une écriture féminine et poétique. Enfin, la thèse se concentre sur la pratique omniprésente de l’ironie sous forme de satire, de parodie ou d’autodérision. Sagan effectue la caricature de son « petit monde » tout en gardant une posture distanciée vis-à-vis du lecteur, de la littérature et d’elle-mêmeThis thesis is devoted to Françoise Sagan’s novels dealing with their links with illusion and make-believe. Firstly, our work consists in setting the writer in her time, the post-war era, through notions of commitment, absurdity or melancholy. The author anticipates or contributes to attitudes and customs’ evolution by reconsidering women’s place in society and by advocating more freedom. Secondly, the monography analyses the sentimental dimension of Françoise Sagan’s novels. Disenchanted love representation is sustained by a feminine and poetic writing. Finally, the thesis focuses on the omnipresent use of irony in satire, parody or self-mockery form. Sagan caricatures her own “little world” and also keeps a distant posture as regard the reader, literature and herself
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Clamens-Nanni, Frédéric. "Regarder son amour se défaire devant soi : Le roman de la fin du couple selon Jean-Philippe Toussaint, Christian Oster et Jacques Serena." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020CLFAL009.
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Bien qu’ils n’aient pas à proprement parler un air de famille, Toussaint, Oster et Serena écrivent des romans de la fin du couple qui rendent compte d’un « travail du négatif », trait saillant du roman minuitard depuis les années 1980 selon Fabien Gris. Ces fictions se polarisent désormais plus sur la séparation que sur la rencontre. Elles se donnent comme autant de modulations d’une situation que l’on peut, en paraphrasant Toussaint, caractériser par cette formule : regarder son amour se défaire devant soi. C’est sous les yeux du narrateur que la fin du couple s’accomplit, donc selon sa perspective, son optique. Cette thèse analyse la disjonction des personnages au fil d’un itinéraire visuel en trois étapes. La première montre comment ces récits nient la formule rituelle Leurs yeux se rencontrèrent, infléchissant alors le roman sentimental et ses topoï. Il n’est plus de première vue décisive pour sceller la destinée du couple. Le face à face bascule vers un face à dos, objet de la deuxième étape. Le dos y est envisagé à travers le pivotement qu’il exécute et comme motif à la croisée des arts visuels et du roman. Il s’impose dans le champ de vision du spectateur à qui il oppose une fin de non-recevoir. Après le pivotement, la femme de dos s’éloigne puis disparaît. La troisième étape se construit autour du vide laissé par celle qui s’en est allée et qui occupe une zone aveugle. Toujours en position de spectateur, le narrateur se figure son absence. Telle est l’ultime étape de cet itinéraire visuel : le blanc devant lui devient écran de projection sur lequel défilent les images d’une vie qui se déroule dorénavant sans lui. Le blanc se fait appel du vide, vide vertigineux, gouffre, ou surface réfléchissant sa propre vacuité quand il se retrouve seul avec lui-mêmeDespite their obvious differences, the novels written by Toussaint, Oster and Serena narrate the end of the love story, with a particular emphasis on negativity – which, according to Fabien Gris, constitutes a defining feature of the Minuit novels since the 1980s. These works of fiction focus more on the breakup than on the first time the lovers met. They describe a series of situations that one could classify with this phrase, borrowed from Jean-Philippe Toussaint: “Watching as your love story unravels before your eyes.” The end of the relationship happens right before the eyes of the narrator, and is portrayed according to his perspective, his viewpoint. This dissertation analyzes the separation of the characters according to three visual steps. The first step shows how those novels undo the traditional formula “when their eyes met” (Jean Rousset), and differ from the pattern of the sentimental novel and its topoi. There is no decisive first encounter anymore that determines the destiny of the couple. There is no more face-to-face for the characters, but rather a “face-to-back”, which is the object of the second chapter. The back is studied as both a symbol of the loved one turning around and as a motif situated at the crossing between visual arts and writing. For the spectator, the back symbolizes a final refusal. After she turns around, the loved woman walks away and then disappears. The third step of the argument focuses on the void she leaves behind as she moves on, a blind spot. Left in the position of a spectator, the narrator has to picture her absence. This is the final stage of this visual itinerary: the emptiness before him turns into a projection screen on which pictures of a life are shown, pictures now happening without him. This white page stands in for a void, a vacuity, an abyss – and also a white canvas reflecting the emptiness in the narrator’s life
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Croisy, Marion. "La prison dans la littérature française du XIXe siècle. Représentations romanesques et imaginaire social de la modernité carcérale." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCA145.
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Au XIXe siècle, les représentations de la prison par la littérature sont nombreuses. Études de mœurs et tableaux parisiens explorent l’univers carcéral, et un certain nombre de romans racontent des épisodes d’emprisonnement (Sue, Les Mystères de Paris, Balzac, Splendeurs et misères des courtisanes, Goncourt, La Fille Élisa). La fascination que suscite la prison dépasse largement la seule communauté des hommes de lettres : enquêteurs, hygiénistes, théoriciens du système pénal, s’emparent aussi de cette question. Le XIXe siècle constitue dans l’historiographie contemporaine un moment déterminant de l’histoire pénale. La prison, depuis la Révolution, est perçue comme la clef de voûte d’un nouveau système de sanction. Cette étude, qui privilégie le regard extérieur sur la prison – celui de l’homme qui n’y est pas enfermé – et le récit à la troisième personne pour les fictions romanesques, s’intéresse aux représentations littéraires de la prison à la lumière de cette mutation historique. Tissant des liens avec les domaines du savoir qui accompagnent l’avènement de la prison pénale, la littérature prend une part importante au discours social qui représente, autant qu’il la construit, la modernité carcérale. De ce discours, le lecteur ne pourra manquer de relever les ambivalences et les contradictions. Roman d’aventures et roman de mœurs sentimental, roman de l’enquête sociale et roman édifiant, roman réaliste et roman naturaliste seront tour à tour explorés pour témoigner de la diversité des figurations. Les implications politiques et morales, esthétiques et poétiques de la représentation par la fiction de l’expérience de l’incarcération constituent un enjeu majeur de cette thèseIn the 19th century, there were many representations of the prison in literature. Studies of customs and parisian paintings explore the prison and novels describe scenes of imprisonment (Sue, Les Mystères de Paris, Balzac, Splendeurs et misères des courtisanes, La Fille Élisa). The fascination of prisons achieved popularity well beyond literary people : investigators, hygienists, theorists of the penal system, also questioned the issue of imprisonment. Contemporary historiographical views see the 19th century as a pivotal moment in penal history. Since the Revolution, the prison has been perceived as being the corner stone of a new system of punishment. In light of this historical change, this study analyses the literary representations of prisons from an outside point of view, the view of someone who is not imprisoned, and, the narrative using the third person in novels. Forging links with the areas of knowledge that accompagny the introduction of criminal prison, literature plays an important part in the social narrative that represents the modernity of prison life. In this seminar, the reader will not fail to recognize the ambivalences and contradictions. Novels of adventure and romance, social commentaries and moralistic novels, works of realism and of naturalism will all in turn be explored to reflect the diversity of representations. The political and moral implications, but also aesthetic and poetic figuration by the fiction of the experience of incarceration, are a major challenge of this study
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Ben, Amor Amel. "Madame De Genlis romancière et narratrice : entre fiction et histoire : (Mademoiselle de Clermont, La Duchesse de la Vallière, Madame de Maintenon, Mademoiselle de la Fayette, Jeanne de France et Inès de Castro)." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON30094.
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Etre témoin de son temps, transmettre la connaissance du passé et restituer le lien entre un présent et un passé rompu par un grand événement tel que la Révolution est un travail auquel s’est astreint Mme de Genlis pendant plus de la moitié de sa vie. Dans ses romans comme dans ses contes et ses Mémoires, la notion de temps et d’histoire se développe dans le récit à travers les thèmes abordés et crée la forme narrative. L’articulation des différents niveaux temporels est encore plus sensible dans les romans historiques étudiés : Mademoiselle de Clermont, La Duchesse de La Vallière, Madame de Maintenon, Mademoiselle de La Fayette, Jeanne de France et Inès de Castro. L’hypothèse est de mettre en évidence, sur la base de la « référence croisée » telle que définie par Paul Ricoeur, « la fiction emprunterait autant à l’histoire que l’histoire emprunte à la fiction ». Madame de Genlis la romancière nous entraîne dans des époques révolues plus ou moins proches, en suivant le destin d’une héroïne englobé dans un temps plus ample, celui de l’Histoire. La conviction de l’auteur étant que le roman historique est la forme de roman la plus favorable au développement des conceptions morales, c’est une véritable étude du coeur humain et des moeurs d’une époque qui sont proposées dans ces romans. La vie de cour met à nu, à travers le comportement des courtisans, les passions, les vertus et les vices des hommes. Mme de Genlis la narratrice construit des structures narratives où, par un jeu subtil entre le temps du raconter et le temps du raconté, se succèdent narration au passé et commentaire au présent ; récit cadre et récit enchâssé. Le sujet des six romans est emprunté à l’Histoire sur lequel vient se superposer un temps historique plus récent, échappant parfois inconsciemment à l’auteur. C’est le temps de l’univers mental de Mme de Genlis, reflet des préoccupations de son temps : le rapport des femmes au pouvoir, la liberté de choisir son mari, la tentation du couvent, le bonheur dans la vertu. Malgré l’adjectif « historique », ses romans racontent un passé glorifié mais restent tendus vers le présentTo be a witness of one’s era, to transmit the knowledge of the past and to restore the bond between a present and a past broken by a great event such as the French Revolution is a work to which Mme de Genlis devoted more than half of her life. In her novels as in her tales and her Memoirs, the notion of time and history develops in the narrative through the topics approached and creates the narrative form. The articulation of the various temporal levels is even more sensitive in the historical novels: Miss de Clermont, The Duchess of The Vallière, Madam de Maintenon, Miss of The La Fayette, Jeanne of France and Inès de Castro. The assumption is to bring to light, on the basis of the "cross reference" such as defined by Paul Ricoeur, " the fiction would borrow as much from history as history borrows from fiction " Mame de Genlis, the novelist, carries us away in bygone times that seem more or less close to us, we follow the destiny of a heroin encompassing a time much larger than her own, that of History. The conviction of the author is that the historical novel is the most favorable one to the development of moral concepts; it is a true study of the human heart and one time moral standards which are proposed in these novels. The life at court exposes, through the behavior of the courtiers, the passions, the virtues and the defects of Men. Mme de Genlis, the narrator, builds narrative structures where, by a subtle play between the time of telling and the time of what is told, follow one another narration of the past and comment at the present; a narrative framework and an embedded narrative. The subject of the six novels is borrowed from History on which are superimposed a more recent historical time, that sometimes unconsciously escapes from the author. It is the time of the mental universe of Mme de Genlis, a reflection of the concerns of her era: the women’s relation with power, the freedom to choose one’s husband, the temptation of the convent, and the happiness in virtue. In spite of the “historical” adjective that her novels do have since they tell the story of a glorified past yet they remain very much related to our present time
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Min, Jayoung. "Novel Addiction: Consuming Popular Novels in Eighteenth-century Britain." Diss., 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/5007.
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This dissertation explores the ways in which British popular novels of the eighteenth century functioned as commodities. "Novel Addiction", the title of this dissertation has a double meaning: Addiction was a new conceptual framework developed during the eighteenth century in order to manage the increasing anxiety brought upon the culture of consumption, and the novel, one of the most popular commodities of the same period, was addictive. Both as successful commodities and efficient cultural agents, popular novels that were categorized as the sentimental or the gothic participated in the process of creating and disseminating models of addiction that warranted perpetual discipline. However, this discipline does not aim at preventing or eliminating addiction. It rather manages addiction as "habit" in a way that guarantees proliferation of the market economy. By employing the framework of addiction, I intend to reconfigure the role of the novel in the construction of individual and collective models of consumption-oriented subjectivity.
The first chapter begins with Eliza Haywood's Present for Women Addicted to Drinking where the author proposes novel-reading as the best cure for alcohol addiction, which allows me to explore a parallel between the phenomenon called the "gin craze" and the proliferation of print commodities. The second and third chapter discuss the sentimental novel and the gothic novel respectively focusing on the characteristics of each genre that make them addictive. The fourth and final chapter discusses Jane Austen's Northanger Abbey and Sense and Sensibility, which address and attempt to manage "novel addiction," a problem posed by the popular novels of her contemporaries.
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Heitzman, Brenna K. "Sentimental Manipulations: Duty and Desire in the Novels of Sophie Cottin." Diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7254.
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"Sentimental Manipulations: Duty and Desire in the Novels of Sophie Cottin" examines four novels by Sophie Cottin, from 1798 until 1806. A forgotten but once-popular novelist, Cottin used the theme of motherhood to develop the relationship between women and desire and duty. These novels use the sentimental novel in different ways that challenge the limits of genre and confront social perceptions of motherhood. The generic transitions reveal subversive representations of women's sexuality and choice. The author's rewriting of motherhood and genre thus plays a crucial role in understanding the complex and developing notion of the sentimental novel in a period of transition after the Revolution. The eighteenth century gave rise to more structured gender divisions in society that provided little space for women's freedom outside of the patriarchal dictates of the family and motherhood. Jean-Jacques Rousseau's 1761 publication of
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Kim, James Young. "Dialectics of loss : sentimental irony and the eighteenth-century British novel /." 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3108765.
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Cormier, Marie Odile. "Le roman sentimental antillais : appropriation du canon et didactisme." Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/3805.
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Le roman sentimental est un des genres les plus lus, les plus traduits et les plus diffusés. Malgré sa mauvaise réputation, il est étonnant de constater le nombre de ces romans vendus, tous pays confondus. Dans les Antilles, ce phénomène est particulièrement palpable : la présence, et la réception de ces œuvres témoignent de l’engouement pour le genre. Notre étude a pour objectif de dégager d’un corpus sentimental antillais les aspects les plus significatifs. Nous analyserons, d’une part, le schéma narratif élaboré en marge de celui proposé par le roman sentimental classique et, d’autre part, l’esthétique du quotidien mise en place pour créer un sentiment d’appartenance chez le lectorat. Il nous sera ainsi possible de mettre en évidence le discours socioculturel propre à ce genre et plus spécifiquement aux femmes antillaises. Par ailleurs, cette recherche postule que l'appropriation des invariants romanesques et l'élaboration d'une visée didactique participent à l'intégration du roman sentimental antillais dans la sphère des littératures « sérieuses ». Enfin, ce mémoire défend l’idée selon laquelle l’écriture romanesque des auteures étudiées contribue au projet littéraire antillais de réappropriation identitaire.The sentimental novel is one of the most read, translated and accessible literary genres. Considering its sales rating, its frivolous reputation seems to be a misleading one. Indeed, in the Caribbean, the overall presence and reception of the novels is an indicator of its phenomenal popularity. We consider that the following aspects of the Caribbean sentimental novel are the most significant ones. Firstly, we underline that the specificity of the narrative patterns of these novels is due to its singularity vis-à-vis the canonical sentimental novel. Secondly, these novels tend to create a very strong sense of nationhood for the readers which are generated by a careful depiction of the everyday life. These previous aspects allow us to underscore the fact that the studied novels interact with the Caribbean social-cultural discourse while insisting on the topic of the female condition. This research brings to light the fact that the appropriation of the novelistic schemes as well as the didactic within allows to consider the Caribbean sentimental novel as a part of the institutionally recognized literary productions. Finally, our essay demonstrates that the novels of these “female writers” contribute to the consolidation of the national identity.
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"Paragons and parodies: The man of feeling and the eighteenth-century sentimental novel." Tulane University, 1998.
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In mid-eighteenth-century Great Britain, the fictional works of Sarah Fielding, Samuel Richardson, Laurence Sterne, and Henry Mackenzie exemplify the discourse concerning the role of sensibility in constructing the ideal individual as well as the ideal community of individuals. These authors of sentimental novels could not resolve the contradiction between the claims of sensibility as naturally inherent in all people and the need to instruct their readers in sympathy and benevolence. The main emphasis of the cultural project of which these works are a part was to construct a masculine ideal who responded to the social problems associated with increasing commercialism and social mobility. This masculine ideal, often referred to as a man of feeling, stood in contrast to the values both of the older aristocracy and the newer mercantile interests The novel, as a literary genre, accommodates the complexity and contradictions inherent in social relations making it ideal for exposing the social conventions of the culture of which it is a part. Both M. M. Bakhtin and Wolfgang Iser argue that novels contain evaluative commentaries through which literary critics can examine their underlying thought systems for their weaknesses and their claims to universality. My examinination exposes the often contradictory ideals concerning masculine behavior and its relationship to the emotions of benevolence and sympathy that were prevalent in the philosophical, moral, medical, and novelistic discourse in mid-eighteenth-century Britain. David Simple, Sir Charles Grandison, A Sentimental Journey, and The Man of Feeling can then be seen as 'rejoinders' in the discourse of sensibility in which the authors examine the qualities of and difficulties faced by a man of feeling during this time of increasing economic, political, and social changeacase@tulane.edu
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Farhat, Batoul. "Sentimental et engagé : le roman Aïcha la rebelle d’Halima Ben Haddou." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20118.
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""A certain innate taste for virtue": The paragon reader and the eighteenth-century British sentimental novel." Tulane University, 1992.
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One of the most important literary conventions of the eighteenth century was the perception of a reading audience endowed with differing capacities to apprehend virtue. This hierarchy included reprobates as well as readers who needed only to reinforce a partially intact moral sense. Additionally, writers posited readers whose sensibilities already were completely perfected. Writers of sentimental novels often adopted techniques such as fragmented narratives to cater to this myriad of readers. Consequently, narrative hiatus, which often is seen merely as an attempt to represent emotion, became commonplace. An alternative interpretation is that narrative interruption was used to cater to the needs of the superior members of the reading hierarchy, who, it was believed, would welcome the abrogation of narrative in favor of the consideration of virtue it occasioned. By creating a subtext in Clarissa and Sir Charles Grandison, Samuel Richardson began a tradition using interruption of the narrative as a means of catering to superior readers. Subsequent novelists, having inherited from Richardson the supposition that the perfected reader should be taken into account, also attempted to manipulate their narratives, but their inept attempts to copy Richardson's techniques produced increasingly fragmented novels. These works remain important because they demonstrate the extent to which authors tried to cater to their superior readers. Henry Brooke's The Fool of Quality, which included inset stories designed to sway the minds of inferior readers, depended on a fragmented structure that allowed the discerning reader to abandon interest in the narrative's progress in favor of exploring a religious ecstasy. Similarly, Henry Mackenzie, using a secular agenda in The Man of Feeling, also attempted to abrogate his narrative. Eventually, the convention of the fragmented text was dismantled when Jane Austen concentrated on creating perfected fictional figures instead of attempting to cater to all members of the reading hierarchy. Consequently, Persuasion represents an important transition from the eighteenth-century authors' attempts to create text for the paragon reader and a step toward the nineteenth-century's fascination with the isolated, solipsistic experience of fictional figures who possessed a fully discerning sensibilityacase@tulane.edu
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Lin, Yi-Chun, and 林怡君. "Macro History and the Private Sentiment──the Study of Lee Yu''s Novel." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52410839416516557623.
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