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1
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Creativity, novelty seeking & risk. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2008.
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Ray, Jeremy. Temperament: A psychobiological approach to harm avoidance and novelty seeking. Göteborg: Department of Psychology, Göteborg University, 2006.
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Ray, Jeremy. Temperament: A psychobiological approach to harm avoidance and novelty seeking. Göteborg: Department of Psychology, Göteborg University, 2006.
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Wright, Vinita Hampton. The winter seeking: A novella. Colorado Springs, Colo: WaterBrook Press, 2003.
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Berns, Gregory. Satisfaction: Sensation Seeking, Novelty, and the Science of Finding True Fulfillment. Holt Paperbacks, 2006.
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Marlow, Nancy Danner. The influence of novelty seeking, role accumulation, and creativity on innovativeness in novel consumption situations. 1986.
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Beddor, Frank, and Makkonen Sami. Hatter M Seeking Wonder. Automatic Pictures Publishing, 2015.
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Robbins, Trevor. Impulsivity and Drug Addiction: A Neurobiological Perspective. Edited by Jon E. Grant and Marc N. Potenza. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195389715.013.0078.
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A conceptual analysis of the impulsivity construct in behavioral and neurobiological terms is followed by an analysis of its causal role in certain forms of drug addiction in both human and animal studies. The main focus of this chapter is on a rat model of impulsivity based on premature responding in the five-choice serial reaction time task and a more detailed characterization of this phenotype in neurobehavioral, neurochemical, and genetic terms. Evidence is surveyed that high impulsivity on this task is associated with the escalation subsequently of cocaine self-administration behavior and also with a tendency toward compulsive cocaine seeking. Novelty reactivity, by contrast, is associated with the enhanced acquisition of self-administration, but not with the escalation of intravenous self-administration of cocaine or the development of compulsive behavior associated with cocaine seeking. These results indicate that the vulnerability to stimulant addiction may depend on different factors, as expressed through distinct presumed endophenotypes. These observations help us further to dissociate various aspects of the impulsivity construct in neural as well as behavioral terms.
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Troisi, Alfonso. Infidelity. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199393404.003.0005.
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This chapter reviews recent data on the evolution of sexual strategies in humans and shows how, in the natural environment, the adaptive functions of sexual infidelity were substantially different in males and females. The meaning of technical terms used by evolutionary biologists to describe different behavioral strategies related to maximization of reproductive success are explained, including the Coolidge effect, good-gene sexual strategy, and serial monogamy. Biological analysis of motivations for sexual infidelity integrate evolutionary hypotheses with recent data from molecular genetic studies of personality showing that carriers of some genetic polymorphisms related to novelty seeking are more prone to sexual promiscuity. Finally, the chapter reports a clinical case showing how cultural prejudice can distort individual expectations about what is normal sexual desire.
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illustrator, Shoemaker Kathryn E., ed. Seeking refuge: A graphic novel. Tradewind Books, 2016.
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Spaeth, Janet, Wanda E. Brunstetter, Pamela Kaye Tracy, and Tammy Shuttlesworth. Attic Treasures: Grandma's Doll/Fishing for Love/Seeking the Lost/This Prairie (Heartsong Novella Collection). Barbour Publishing, Incorporated, 2005.
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Heim, S. Mark. Crucified Wisdom. Fordham University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823281244.001.0001.
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This book is the first systematic discussion of the bodhisattva path in Māhayāna Buddhism from the perspective of Christian comparative theology. With the increasing interest and participation of Christians in Buddhist practice, many are seeking a deeper exploration of this topic, and of the way the two traditions and their teachings might interface. Crucified Wisdom provides important scholarly background material for this discussion, as well as a constructive proposal for Christian engagement. The text combines a rich exposition of the bodhisattva path with detailed reflection on it in connection with specific Christian convictions. The description of bodhisattva teachings centers on Śāntideva’s classic work the Bodicaryāvatāra and its interpretation by Tibetan commentators. The book argues that Christian theology can take direct instruction from Buddhism in three respects: developing an understanding of a “no-self” dimension in all creatures, recognizing an unvarying nondual dimension of divine immanence in the world, and appreciating that both of these are constituent dimensions in Christ’s incarnation and human redemption. The writer argues that Christians rightly remain committed to the value of novelty in history, the enduring significance of human persons, and the Trinitarian reality of God. A notable feature of the book is its exploration of the tensions around the crucifixion of Jesus in Buddhist-Christian interpretation. This work will be of particular value for those interested in “dual belonging” in connection to these traditions.
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Where the Heart Is: For the Sake of Her Child/Child of Her Heart/Desperately Seeking Dad (Love Inspired Novella Collection). Steeple Hill, 2003.
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Schotter, Jesse. Sound Enclosures. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474424776.003.0004.
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Moving from theories of film to film itself, the third chapter contends that Citizen Kane employs the same narrative form as the novel Orson Welles wanted to adapt when he went to Hollywood, Conrad’s Heart of Darkness. Both works revolve around the attempted decipherment of a deathbed phrase by multiple narrators. But Welles also derives from Conrad his concern with the relationship among speech, writing, and image, a relationship transformed by new technologies of sound recording, frequently described as akin to hieroglyphs. The innovative plot structures of Conrad and Welles seek to call attention to the ways in which the medium of the novel or of film, respectively, can uniquely express the visual and the oral, without seeking to mediate between the two.
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Smith, Holly M. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199560080.003.0014.
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Chapter 14 provides a summary of the book, describing the epistemic problem in morality, the rationales for seeking usability, and the three salient approaches to solving this problem (the Austere, Pragmatic, and Hybrid solutions). It assesses the strengths and weaknesses of each of these solutions as an approach to the problem of error and the problem of uncertainty. The book introduces a fully-worked out, novel version of the Hybrid solution—termed the “Constrained Standards Hybrid” solution—which is appraised in Chapter 13 as the best available moral system for accommodating the epistemic frailties human decision makers bring to their choices of how to act.
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Burns, Tom, and Mike Firn. Physical health care. Edited by Tom Burns and Mike Firn. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198754237.003.0022.
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This chapter deals with an increasingly important topic: the recognition that individuals with severe mental illness die nearly 20 years before they should. The situational factors contributing to this excess mortality are outlined—failure to register with a GP, homelessness, and dysfunctional help-seeking behaviour. Individual risks, including self-neglect, co-morbid conditions, and the impact of treatments (e.g. metabolic syndrome caused by novel antipsychotics), are also outlined. The role of the outreach worker can involve building liaison with the GP and, on occasions, taking direct responsibility for the physical care of some of the more severely ill patients. There are risks of blurred confidentiality, marginalization, and withdrawal by GP services in this approach, but sometimes it is inevitable.
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Fuller, Emma C. Food webs with humans: In name only? Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808978.003.0010.
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This chapter highlights the importance of considering people as integral to foodwebs. Despite extensive recent research on coupled human-natural systems, lacking are models that incorporate human behavior in a way that yields pragmatic insights into the management of multispecies fisheries. Using the US West Coast commercial fisheries system as a case study, this chapter develops a novel network approach of linking the social system (i.e., fishing communities) to the ecological system (the fish). The analysis reveals that fisheries that seem unconnected biologically, such as benthic Dungeness crabs and pelagic tuna, can in fact be strongly linked by fishing vessels that are active in both fisheries. Understanding how human behavior connects seemingly disparate ecological systems has important implications for fisheries managers seeking to balance human well-being with sustainable populations of fish.
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Hammer, Espen. Kafka’s Modernism. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190461454.003.0009.
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Using ideas from Ludwig Wittgenstein’s and Stanley Cavell’s visions of ordinary language philosophy, this essay explores Kafka’s modernism. As opposed to Maurice Blanchot’s notion of literary language as non-referential, it is argued that the modernism at stake in The Trial centers on the question of intelligibility. While the court system in the novel signifies some sort of general skepticism, in which the use of language threatens to become unintelligible, Kafka offers the reader an extended reflection on the conditions of intelligibility and sense. At stake is language itself and our relation to it as agents seeking to make ourselves understandable to others. In The Trial, there are numerous examples of acts of communication that only seemingly make sense. The parallels with how, for Wittgenstein, our language can become emptied of meaning are made explicit.
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Weisz, Erika, and Jamil Zaki. Empathy-Building Interventions. Edited by Emma M. Seppälä, Emiliana Simon-Thomas, Stephanie L. Brown, Monica C. Worline, C. Daryl Cameron, and James R. Doty. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190464684.013.16.
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A major question in the study of empathy—the capacity to share and understand others’ internal states—is whether it can be increased. Scientists have designed a number of effective interventions through which to build empathy, especially in cases where it typically wanes. Here we review these efforts, which often focus on either enhancing individuals’ skills in experiencing empathy or expressing empathy to others. We then propose a novel approach to intervention based on a motivated account of empathy: not only teaching people how to empathize, but also encouraging them to want to empathize. Research traditions from social psychology offer several ways of increasing empathic motivation, which can complement existing work and broaden the palette of applied scientists seeking to help people develop their capacities to care for and understand others.
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Laski, Gregory. Making Reparation; or, How to Count the Wrongs of Slavery. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190642792.003.0004.
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This chapter focuses on the conflicting temporal frames deployed by postbellum authors and activists seeking redress. While there was brief national attention given to reparations in the years following the Civil War, the project lost much of its official sanction after the collapse of Reconstruction. By 1896, the majority opinion in Plessy v. Ferguson would argue that servitude did not count in defining race-based discrimination. The Plessy decision thus made it more crucial to clarify what was wrong with slavery and how to account for its effects. Narratives appearing in this moment took up this task: from Samuel Hall’s 47 Years a Slave, to Callie House’s articulations of the aims of the ex-slave pension movement, to Stephen Crane’s The Monster. The chapter argues that Crane’s novella conceives the wrong of slavery in a way that can help resolve the problem of causality confronting philosophical debates about making amends even today.
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Crossland, Rachel. D. H. Lawrence and ‘Living Relativity’. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198815976.003.0005.
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Chapter 4 explores Lawrence’s writing of relationships after his direct engagements with Einsteinian ideas in 1921, seeking to ascertain both the extent and the nature of the impact which Einsteinian relativity had on his thinking. Other possible sources for Lawrence’s relativistic ideas are considered, in particular William James’s relativism. However, ultimately the chapter argues that Einstein’s direct impact can be seen in terms of both the language adopted by Lawrence and the theoretical framework behind his ‘theory of human relativity’. Although Lawrence’s writing of relationships does not change much after reading about Einsteinian relativity, he seems more inclined to theorize on this topic after 1921, as a consideration of his novels Kangaroo and Aaron’s Rod emphasizes. Lawrence’s engagement with relativity is also shown to be significantly different from that of other modernist writers, in that he uses relativity in order to explore the issue that interested him most: human relationships.
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Auerbach, Jeffrey A. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198827375.003.0001.
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Beginning with George Orwell’s novel Burmese Days and its portrait of the boredom and lethargy that characterized British colonial life in the 1930s, the introduction poses the question of when and why the British Empire became so monotonous and melancholy. It presents the book’s main argument: that despite the many and famous tales of glory and adventure, a significant and overlooked feature of the nineteenth-century British imperial experience was boredom and disappointment. It provides an overview of boredom’s historical and psychological origins, and summarizes the chapters that follow. It asserts that the empire came to be constructed as a place of adventure, opportunity, and picturesque beauty not so much because British men and women were seeking to escape from boredom at home, as has often been surmised, but because the empire lacked these very features.
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Kuenzler, Adrian. From Market Access to Cumulative Innovation. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190698577.003.0007.
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This chapter argues for a reinvigorated role of the market access doctrine and references a number of important antitrust and intellectual property law decisions in which courts have given priority to market access. It finds a novel function for market access to play within antitrust and intellectual property law liability: courts that grant plaintiffs access to a defendant’s production output should refer to a three-step test under which they inquire (1) whether the inventor, through first-mover advantages, has reaped a sufficient reward such that contractual or intellectual property rights protection would no longer be required to facilitate innovation, (2) whether competitors were able to challenge the proprietary platform’s position in the market without the possibility of granting access, and (3) whether competitors seeking to benefit from market access will make use of it to facilitate the introduction of new goods rather than merely to copy the initial invention.
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Ferguson, Sam. The Return of the Diary in Barthes’s ‘Vita Nova’. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198814535.003.0007.
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This chapter examines a moment when the literary avant-garde returned to diary-writing and the writing subject, by focusing on Roland Barthes’s experiments with the diary (journal intime). These experiments take place in the context of his project for a ‘Vita Nova’ (seeking a unification of his life and writing, and a new, subjective form of literature), and are all related to his mourning for his mother. His Journal de deuil (written 1977–1979) pursues an impossible ideal of diary-writing, in which a univocal, fully present writing subject expresses a valuable interior experience to produce a literary œuvre. The impossibility of this ideal leads Barthes to his reflections on the diary in the article ‘Délibération’, and then to an almost perfectly opposite form of diary-writing project, with Soirées de Paris. These two diaries, exploring opposite extremes of writing, are placed by Barthes as components within his imagined novel (Vita Nova).
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Milbank, Alison. Finding a Via Media. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198824466.003.0012.
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The theological dimension to Bram Stoker’s work is totally neglected and yet, like Maturin, Stoker can be shown to be seeking a mediation between Catholic and Protestant, and Irish and English, with The Snake’s Pass an allegory of this proto-ecumenism. The influence of the Anglican idea of the via media, central to Victorian theology, is traced in his work, and compared with the influence of Walt Whitman’s model of comradeship and nation. In particular, F. D. Maurice’s inclusive ecclesiology is at work in Dracula, where the vampire acts as an Antichrist whose economy of substitutionary sacrifice is opposed by a union of Protestant word (diaries, typing) and Catholic sacramentals (Eucharistic host, etc.) and acts of mutual self-sacrifice and reciprocity such as the blood-transfusions. Maurice’s questioning of eternal damnation and Gladstone’s idea of immortal life as a gift are also important in a novel that aims to redeem even Dracula himself.
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Leppert, Alice. Keeping Up with the Kardashians. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039577.003.0012.
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This chapter explores the ways the Kardashians' insistence on the importance of sisterhood serves as both a counterweight and an aid to their brand's example of feminine productivity. The Kardashians have become models for young women seeking success through self-branding, albeit with a novel twist—sister-branding and sister-entrepreneurship. In contrast to the potentially alienating individual empowerment ideal of postfeminist neoliberal culture, the Kardashians privilege sisterhood—a fact that might account for their massive popularity among young women and girls. Though the Kardashians clearly exemplify postfeminist culture, they also fill in some of its shortcomings, which may be central to their appeal. Whereas postfeminist entrepreneurial culture tells young women they don't need to build connections with other women, the overwhelming popularity of the Kardashians' investment in sisterhood suggests that young women do value and desire bonds with each other, even though those bonds may be in the name of a brand.
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Callender, Craig. What Makes Time Special? Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198797302.001.0001.
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As we navigate through life, we model time as flowing, the present as special, and the past as “dead.” This model of time—manifest time—develops in childhood and later thoroughly infiltrates our language, thought, and behavior. It is part of what makes a human life recognizably human. Yet if physics is correct, this model of the world is deeply mistaken. This book is about this conflict between manifest and physical time. The first half dives into the physics and philosophy to establish the conflict’s existence; but it also argues that the claim that physics “spatializes” time is overstated. Rather, even relativity theory makes time special in deep and significant ways. The second half turns to psychology, biology, and more, seeking to understand why creatures like us develop manifest time. The novel picture that results is that manifest time is a natural reaction to the many cognitive and evolutionary challenges that we face. For subjects embedded in our circumstances, it makes sense to develop—even if fundamentally wrong.
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Light, Ryan, and James Moody, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Social Networks. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190251765.001.0001.
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Social networks fundamentally shape our lives. Networks channel the ways that information, emotions, and diseases flow through populations. Networks reflect differences in power and status in settings ranging from small peer groups to international relations across the globe. Network tools even provide insights into the ways that concepts, ideas and other socially generated contents shape culture and meaning. As such, the rich and diverse field of social network analysis has emerged as a central tool across the social sciences. This Handbook provides an overview of the theory, methods, and substantive contributions of this field. The thirty-three chapters move through the basics of social network analysis aimed at those seeking an introduction to advanced and novel approaches to modeling social networks statistically. The Handbook includes chapters on data collection and visualization, theoretical innovations, links between networks and computational social science, and how social network analysis has contributed substantively across numerous fields. As networks are everywhere in social life, the field is inherently interdisciplinary and this Handbook includes contributions from leading scholars in sociology, archaeology, economics, statistics, and information science among others.
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Napolin, Julie Beth. The Fact of Resonance. Fordham University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823288175.001.0001.
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The Fact of Resonance returns to the imperial and colonial contexts in which Anglophone and francophone narrative theory developed, seeking an alternative sonic premise for theorizing narrative form. The exclusion of postcolonial sound and acoustics is foundational not only to modernist studies, but to narrative theory, novel theory, and the strains of film theory they orient. The study is primarily focused on Joseph Conrad and concerns the bearing of his multilingual formation and attunement to the gender and race of sound in colonial encounter. To return to Conrad is to return to the repressed of colonial sound. Bringing new methodologies of sound studies and postcolonial studies to bear upon older models of narrative and close reading, the book argues the novel to be a sound technology. This technology captures not “facts,” but a fact of resonance, which is both a physical sound and a strategy of relation across difference. The book develops a methodology of reading for resonance, while also developing a vocabulary for the acoustic unconscious of texts. These readings focus on the way that imaginary sound and voice circulate within and between texts, from page to psyche, from colonial site to metropole, and across race and gender. The book follows the resonances between Conrad and a series of writers and artists, including Chantal Akerman, Walter Benjamin, W. E. B. Du Bois, Sigmund Freud, Frantz Fanon, and William Faulkner. Ultimately, the transatlantic and transpacific are resonance, less a place than an event.
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Edge, M. D. Statistical Thinking from Scratch. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198827627.001.0001.
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In virtually every field, researchers find themselves navigating tremendous amounts of new data. Making sense of this flood of information requires much more than the rote application of traditional statistical methods. This book will train researchers to be creative and confident users of statistics by thinking hard about the application of simple methods to a small dataset. In particular, this book focuses on simple linear regression—a method with strong connections to the most important tools in applied statistics—using it as a detailed case study for teaching resampling-based, likelihood-based, and Bayesian approaches to statistical inference. This exercise imparts an idea of how statistical procedures are designed and implemented, a flavor for the philosophical positions one implicitly assumes when applying statistics, and an opportunity to probe the strengths and weaknesses of one’s statistical approach. Key to the book’s novel approach is its mathematical level, which is gentler than most texts for statisticians but more rigorous than most introductory texts for non-statisticians. Statistical Thinking from Scratch is suitable for senior undergraduate and beginning graduate students, professional researchers, and practitioners seeking to improve their understanding of statistical methods across the natural and social sciences, medicine, psychology, public health, business, and other fields.
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Sorrentino, Alfonso. Action-minimizing Methods in Hamiltonian Dynamics (MN-50). Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691164502.001.0001.
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John Mather's seminal works in Hamiltonian dynamics represent some of the most important contributions to our understanding of the complex balance between stable and unstable motions in classical mechanics. His novel approach—known as Aubry–Mather theory—singles out the existence of special orbits and invariant measures of the system, which possess a very rich dynamical and geometric structure. In particular, the associated invariant sets play a leading role in determining the global dynamics of the system. This book provides a comprehensive introduction to Mather's theory, and can serve as an interdisciplinary bridge for researchers and students from different fields seeking to acquaint themselves with the topic. Starting with the mathematical background from which Mather's theory was born, the book first focuses on the core questions the theory aims to answer—notably the destiny of broken invariant KAM tori and the onset of chaos—and describes how it can be viewed as a natural counterpart of KAM theory. The book achieves this by guiding readers through a detailed illustrative example, which also provides the basis for introducing the main ideas and concepts of the general theory. It then describes the whole theory and its subsequent developments and applications in their full generality.
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Govind, Nikhil. Inlays of Subjectivity. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199498727.001.0001.
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Inlays of Subjectivity is an incisive exposition of the question of subjectivity in modern Indian literature. Seeking to foreground subjectivity through literary expressions of intense emotionality, whether suffering, humiliation, creativity or strife, it also raises the timely question of the relation of justice and speech. This book studies select influential Indian literary texts across the last hundred years in various Indian languages to find overlapping preoccupations with selfhood. As the first chapter on K. R. Meera’s fiction demonstrates, it is the experience of felt injustice that first opens up the realm of subjectivity. Subjectivity is equally opened up by intense negative affect—such as the experience of humiliation—the memoirs of the Dalit writer Urmila Pawar testify to this in the second chapter. The next two chapters trace the historical and literary origins of this question of subjectivity through the novels of canonical writers such as Agyeya, Ismat Chughtai, Saratchandra Chatterjee, and Rabindranath Tagore. The fifth chapter turns to the subtle and powerful writer Krishna Sobti to bring together all these strands of subjectivity, affect and moral agency required in navigating an unequal and harsh world. The book thus hopes to provoke questions of the literary modes for exploring subject positions in a defined Indian literary milieu, and to reflect upon the relationship of literature, subjectivity, and affect.
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Andersen, Ken H. Fish Ecology, Evolution, and Exploitation. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691192956.001.0001.
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Fish are one of the most important global food sources, supplying a significant share of the world's protein consumption. From stocks of wild Alaskan salmon and North Sea cod to entire fish communities with myriad species, fisheries require careful management to ensure that stocks remain productive, and mathematical models are essential tools for doing so. This book is an introduction to the modern size- and trait-based approach to fish populations and communities. It covers the theoretical foundations, mathematical formulations, and real-world applications of this powerful new modeling method, which is grounded in the latest ecological theory and population biology. It begins with fundamental assumptions on the level of individuals and goes on to cover population demography and fisheries impact assessments. The book shows how size- and trait-based models shed new light on familiar fisheries concepts such as maximum sustainable yield and fisheries selectivity—insights that classic age-based theory can't provide—and develops novel evolutionary impacts of fishing. It extends the theory to entire fish communities and uses it to support the ecosystem approach to fisheries management, and forges critical links between trait-based methods and evolutionary ecology. The book unifies the thinking in ecology and fisheries science and is an indispensable reference for anyone seeking to apply size- and trait-based models to fish demography, fisheries impact assessments, and fish evolutionary ecology.
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Ramsawh, Holly J., and Gary H. Wynn. Recreational Therapy for PTSD. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190205959.003.0010.
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There are currently several interventions for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) that meet the definition of “evidence-based therapies” as outlined by the Institute of Medicine (IOM), including several forms of exposure-based behavioral interventions and pharmacotherapies the IOM has determined are efficacious and first-line treatments for PTSD. Although exposure-based therapies are efficacious, not all patients respond adequately to treatment. In some cases, behavioral therapies have been associated with high refusal and attrition rates. Furthermore, evidence-based behavioral interventions are not yet widely available, because relatively few practitioners are trained adequately outside of academic institutions, and there are few trained professionals outside of urban centers. Even when evidence-based behavioral or pharmacological treatments are available, veterans sometimes avoid seeking these treatments because of perceived stigma about receiving traditional forms of mental health care either from traditional mental health care providers or in traditional mental health care environments. Despite large numbers of returning veterans being diagnosed with PTSD since the start of the recent conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, there remains a large number of Americans who have limited access to evidence-based interventions for PTSD. Although efforts to expand access to these treatments should continue, there should also be an effort to investigate novel interventions for PTSD—particularly those that may require less training and/or may be associated with less stigma than conventional treatments.
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Rushing, Sara. The Virtues of Vulnerability. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197516645.001.0001.
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There are many locations, relationships, and experiences through which we learn what it means to be a citizen. Contemporary healthcare—or “the clinic”—is one of those sites. Being drawn into the complex “medical-legal-policy-insurance nexus” as a patient entails all sorts of learning, including, it is argued here, political learning. When we are subjected as a patient, frequently through a discourse of “choice and control,” or “patient autonomy,” what do we learn? What happens when the promise of a certain kind of autonomy is accompanied by demands for a certain kind of humility? What do we learn about agency and self-determination, as well as trust, self-knowledge, dependence, and resistance under such conditions of acute vulnerability? This book explores these questions on a journey through medicalized encounters with giving birth, navigating death and dying, and seeking treatment for life-altering mental illness (here post-traumatic stress disorder among veterans). While the body has always posed a problem for Western thought, and has been treated as an obstacle to freedom and independence and something our rational capacity must master and control, this book aims to counter that intellectual-historical and political tendency by asking how we might reimagine the political potential of embodiment, or make space for considering “the virtues of vulnerability.” In particular, the book offers a novel conception of democratic citizen-subjectivity, grounded in an ethical disposition of humility-informed-relational-autonomy.
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Drakeman, Donald L., Lisa N. Drakeman, and Nektarios Oraiopoulos. From Breakthrough to Blockbuster. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195084009.001.0001.
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Beginning in the 1970s, several scientific breakthroughs promised to transform the creation of new medicines. As investors sought to capitalize on these Nobel Prize–winning discoveries, the biotech industry grew to thousands of small companies around the world. Each sought to emulate what the major pharmaceutical companies had been doing for a century or more, but without the advantages of scale, scope, experience, and massive resources. How could a large collection of small companies, most with fewer than fifty employees, compete in one of the world’s most breathtakingly expensive and highly regulated industries? This book shows how biotech companies have met the challenge by creating nearly 40% more of the most important treatments for unmet medical needs. Moreover, they have done so with much lower overall costs. The book focuses on both the companies themselves and the broader biotech ecosystem that supports them. Its portrait of the crucial roles played by academic research, venture capital, contract research organizations, the capital markets, and pharmaceutical companies shows how a supportive environment enabled the entrepreneurial biotech industry to create novel medicines with unprecedented efficiency. In doing so, it also offers insights for any industry seeking to innovate in uncertain and ambiguous conditions. Looking to the future, it concludes that biomedical research will continue to be most effective in the hands of a large group of small companies as long as national healthcare policies allow the rest of the ecosystem to continue to thrive.
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Milbank, Alison. God & the Gothic. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198824466.001.0001.
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God and the Gothic undertakes a complete reimagining of the Gothic literary canon to examine its engagement with theological ideas, tracing its origins to the apocalyptic critique of the Reformation female martyrs, and to the Dissolution of the Monasteries, now seen as usurpation of power by the authorities. A double gesture of repudiation and regret is evident in the consequent search for political, aesthetic, and religious mediation, which characterizes the aftermath of the Glorious Revolution and Whig Providential discourse. Part I interprets eighteenth-century Gothic novels in terms of this Whig debate about the true heir, culminating in Ann Radcliffe’s melancholic theology which uses distance and loss to enable a new mediation. Part II traces the origins of the doppelgänger in Calvinist anthropology and establishes that its employment by a range of Scottish writers offers a productive mode of subjectivity, necessary in a culture equally concerned with historical continuity. In Part III, Irish Gothic is shown to be seeking ways to mediate between Catholic and Protestant identities through models of sacrifice and ecumenism, while in Part IV, nineteenth-century Gothic is read as increasingly theological, responding to materialism by a project of re-enchantment. Ghost-story writers assert the metaphysical priority of the supernatural to establish the material world. Arthur Machen and other Order of the Golden Dawn members explore the double and other Gothic tropes as modes of mystical ascent, while raising the physical to the spiritual through magical control, and the M. R. James circle restores the sacramental and psychical efficacy of objects.
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Valdini, Melody E. The Inclusion Calculation. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190936198.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Power-holders and gate-keepers in political parties and governments continue to be primarily men. How are they responding to the increasing numbers of women who are seeking leadership roles in politics? Are they angels who embrace equality and fling open the doors to power? Are they devils who block women at every turn? Are they powerless against the increasing tide of feminism and inadvertently succumbing to the push for power from women? Most likely, these male elites are primarily concerned with maintaining their own power, which drives their reaction to women’s political inclusion. The Inclusion Calculation examines women’s inclusion from the perspective of men in power and offers a novel approach to understanding differences in women’s descriptive representation. The book argues that with declining legitimacy it is valuable for male elites to “strategically feminize,” associating themselves or their party with women, because citizens will interpret the increased presence of women as meaning that the party or government is becoming more honest, cooperative, and democratic. Using a combination of case studies from Latin America, Europe, and Africa, as well as large-N analyses, the book provides evidence that male elites are more likely to increase the number of women candidates on party lists or adopt a gender quota when “feminizing” is advantageous to the political careers of men. Women’s exclusion from government, then, is not a product of their own lack of effort or ability but rather a rational action of men in power to keep their power.
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Neely, Michelle. Against Sustainability. Fordham University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823288229.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Against Sustainability responds to twenty-first-century environmental crisis not by seeking the origins of U.S. environmental problems, but by returning to the nineteenth-century literary, cultural, and scientific contexts that gave rise to many of our most familiar environmental solutions. In readings that juxtapose antebellum and contemporary writers such as Walt Whitman and Lucille Clifton, George Catlin and Louise Erdrich, and Herman Melville and A. S. Byatt, the book reconnects sustainability, recycling, and preservation with nineteenth-century U.S. contexts such as industrial farming, consumerism, slavery, and settler colonial expansion. These readings demonstrate that the paradigms explored are compromised in their attempts to redress environmental degradation because they simultaneously perpetuate the very systems that generate the degradation to begin with. Alongside the chapters that focus on defamiliarization and critique are chapters that reveal that the nineteenth century also gave rise to more unusual and provisional environmentalisms. These chapters offer alternatives to the failed paradigms of recycling and preservation, exploring Henry David Thoreau’s and Emily Dickinson’s joyful, anti-consumerist frugality and Hannah Crafts’s and Harriet Wilson’s radical pet keeping model of living with others. The coda considers zero waste and then contrasts sustainability with functional utopianism, an alternative orienting paradigm that might more reliably guide mainstream U.S. environmental culture toward transformative forms of ecological and social justice. Ultimately, Against Sustainability offers novel readings of familiar literary works that demonstrate how U.S. nineteenth-century literature compels us to rethink our understandings of the past in order to imagine other, more just and environmentally-sound futures.
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Minow, Martha, and Robert C. "Bobby" Scott. A Federal Right to Education. Edited by Kimberly Jenkins Robinson. NYU Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479893287.001.0001.
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This book brings together an array of leading scholars to engage three critical questions surrounding the current debate over a federal right to education. First, should the United States recognize such a right? The authors of part 1 collectively answer this question as they weigh the arguments for and against. They paint a picture of crippling inequality within our schools—sharing accounts of massive racial and socioeconomic disparities along the way—which compels them to form a nearly unanimous consensus that a federal right to education would reap important benefits for all students. But even assuming this is true, a second question remains as to how the United States could establish such a right. Accordingly, the authors of part 2 explore three different mechanisms for establishing a federal right: implying the right through the Constitution, enacting the right in federal law, or adopting it through a constitutional amendment. Finally, if a federal right to education is recognized, what should it guarantee? The authors of part 3 confront this critical substantive question by weaving novel policy solutions together with evidence-based reforms to present options for ensuring that a federal right to education encompasses the tools and policy levers that are necessary to accomplish the goals that reformers espouse. Their proposals also provide key insights for impactful reforms for state courts interpreting education rights as well state lawmakers seeking to improve educational opportunities and outcomes. In response to these and other fundamental questions about the vast opportunity and achievement gaps of American schoolchildren, this volume builds on the current dialogue—both political and scholarly—that contends that education is the critical civil rights issue of our time.
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May, Robert, and Angela R. McLean, eds. Theoretical Ecology. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199209989.001.0001.
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Robert May's seminal book has played a central role in the development of ecological science. Originally published in 1976, this influential text has overseen the transition of ecology from an observational and descriptive subject to one with a solid conceptual core. Indeed, it is a testament to its influence that a great deal of the novel material presented in the earlier editions has now been incorporated into standard undergraduate textbooks. It is now a quarter of a century since the publication of the second edition, and a thorough revision is timely. Theoretical Ecology provides a succinct, up-to-date overview of the field set in the context of applications, thereby bridging the traditional division of theory and practice. It describes the recent advances in our understanding of how interacting populations of plants and animals change over time and space, in response to natural or human-created disturbance. In an integrated way, initial chapters give an account of the basic principles governing the structure, function, and temporal and spatial dynamics of populations and communities of plants and animals. Later chapters outline applications of these ideas to practical issues including fisheries, infectious diseases, tomorrow's food supplies, climate change, and conservation biology. Throughout the book, emphasis is placed on questions which as yet remain unanswered. The editors have invited the top scientists in the field to collaborate with the next generation of theoretical ecologists. The result is an accessible, advanced textbook suitable for senior undergraduate and graduate level students as well as researchers in the fields of ecology, mathematical biology, environmental and resources management. It will also be of interest to the general reader seeking a better understanding of a range of global environmental problems.
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Kim, Steven. Essence of Creativity. Oxford University Press, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195060171.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Challenging problems both attract and repel us. They frustrate us, accelerate our pulses, cause ulcers, and perhaps even curtail our lifespans. On the other hand, the knotty problems of life offer us food for thought, sustaining our creativity, and adding emotional spice to the human experience. We encounter difficult tasks day in and day out. The solutions to these problems must be sought with resourcefulness and creativity, for until now we have had little insight into the nature of these tasks, and even less into methods for resolving them. This unique book explores the nature of challenging problems in all walks of life, and describes the creative techniques for addressing them. It is particularly relevant for problems that admit no obvious solution, whether they concern scientific knowledge, technology, the arts, or social situations. By understanding the dynamics of problem solving in general, the author argues, we can better organize the pursuit of specific projects. The initial phase involves crystallizing our objectives and developing a coherent plan. The next step is to evaluate the results and determine whether the work should be concluded, begun anew, or given up altogether. With this general strategy, even seemingly overwhelming problems can be approached systematically and efficiently. The author goes beyond the normal distinction between routine and innovative activities, defining the role of creativity in novel decision-making. In addition, he distills the existing literature on creativity, innovation, and project management to present a concise set of strategies and practices that can be applied in a myriad of settings ranging from university laboratories to corporate planning centers. For the sake of concreteness, a number of examples from research and development environments demonstrate the book's basic principles in action, showing how even the most difficult problems can yield to knowledgeable ingenuity. Written in a clear, readable style, Essence of Creativity will appeal to a broad spectrum of readers: engineers, business managers, computer scientists, executives, cognitive psychologists, and educators in many fields, as well as general readers seeking effective ways to handle difficult problems.