Relevant bibliographies by topics / NOX burner

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'NOX burner'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "NOX burner"

1

VANDERDRIFT, A. "Low-NOx hydrogen burner." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 21, no. 6 (June 1996): 445–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-3199(95)00105-0.

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Adzic, Miroljub, Marija Zivkovic, Vasko Fotev, Aleksandar Milivojevic, and Vuk Adzic. "Influential parameters of nitrogen oxides emissions for microturbine swirl burner with pilot burner." Chemical Industry 64, no. 4 (2010): 357–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind100319019a.

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Swirl burners are the most common type of device in wide range of applications, including gas turbine combustors. Due to their characteristics, swirl flows are extensively used in combustion systems because they enable high energy conversion in small volume with good stabilization behavior over the wide operating range. The flow and mixing process generated by the swirl afford excellent flame stability and reduced NOx emissions. Experimental investigation of NOx emission of a purposely designed micro turbine gas burner with pilot burner is presented. Both burners are equipped with swirlers. Mixtures of air and fuel are introduced separately: through the inner swirler - primary mixture for pilot burner, and through the outer swirler - secondary mixture for main burner. The effects of swirl number variations for the both burners were investigated, including parametric variations of the thermal power and air coefficient. It was found that the outer swirler affects the emission of NOx only for the air coefficient less than 1.4. The increase of swirl number resulted in decrease of NOx emission. The inner swirler and thermal power were found to have negligible effect on emission.
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McVey, J. B., F. C. Padget, T. J. Rosfjord, A. S. Hu, A. A. Peracchio, B. Schlein, and D. R. Tegel. "Evaluation of Low-NOx Combustor Concepts for Aeroderivative Gas Turbine Engines." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 115, no. 3 (July 1, 1993): 581–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906746.

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An experimental program was conducted to evaluate low-NOx combustor concepts applicable to natural-gas-burning aeroderivative gas turbine engines operating at a nominal pressure ratio of 20:1. Gas sampling measurements at the exit of the primary zone of high-shear and lean premixed burners were acquired under elevated entrance pressure and temperature conditions over a range of primary zone equivalence ratios. Piloting systems were incorporated in most of the burner designs to achieve satisfactory burner operability. Both swirl stabilized and perforated-plate (grid) stabilized burners were found to produce NOx levels lower than the current engine goal of 25 ppm (15 percent O2).
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Choe, Kangil. "Review of Wood Biomass Cyclone Burner." Energies 14, no. 16 (August 6, 2021): 4807. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14164807.

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Despite the technology for wood biomass combustion being much more advantageous when compared to traditional burners, such as the Stoker or fluidized burner, there has been scant research on the topic of wood biomass cyclone burners. The purpose of this paper is to review biomass cyclone burner technology, which includes theory, design, and combustion, in terms of the chemistry and properties of wood biomass, emission related to NOx and CO, and application of the burner, such as co-firing with coal and gasification firing. The design factors for type 2 cyclone burners have been identified through the following three dimensionless numbers: swirl intensity (S), Strouhal number (St), and Reynolds number (Re). The lowest CO and NOx of type 2 cyclone burners have been sought for pulverized and non-pulverized wood biomass. The benefits of the co-firing of wood biomass in a cyclone burner with coal, have been presented in respect to combustion efficiency, alkali retention, and the amount of K and Na. The results evidently reveal the reduction in clinker and slag generation, which are the biggest concern to wood biomass combustion. The recent results of gasification studies using type 2 cyclone burners are compared, in terms of producer gases and syngases (H2, CO, CO2, CH4).
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Terada, Shinya, Ryosuke Matsumoto, Isao Ishihara, and Mamoru Ozawa. "F161 Development of Low-NOx Diffusion Burner." Proceedings of the Thermal Engineering Conference 2005 (2005): 255–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeted.2005.255.

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Bee´r, J. M., M. A. Toqan, J. M. Haynes, and R. W. Borio. "Development of the Radially Stratified Flame Core Low NOx Burner: From Fundamentals to Industrial Applications." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 126, no. 2 (April 1, 2004): 248–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1688767.

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Research and development of the low NOx radially stratified flame core (RSFC) burner is followed from its fundamental concept through prototype burner design, pilot scale experiments at M.I.T. and scale-up and commercial design by ABB-CE (now ALSTOM Power) to applications in industrial and utility plant boilers. The principle that turbulence can be significantly damped in a rotating flow field with a strong positive radial density gradient was used to increase the fuel rich zone residence time in internally staged low NOx burners. The continuous interaction of ideas from laboratory experimental and computational studies with those from the commercial design and industrial scale tests played a pivotal role in the development of the final product, the commercial RSFC burner. Examples of application in gas, oil, and coal fired industrial and utility boilers are discussed.
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Jia, Zhenzhen, Qing Ye, Haizhen Wang, He Li, and Shiliang Shi. "Numerical Simulation of a New Porous Medium Burner with Two Sections and Double Decks." Processes 6, no. 10 (October 6, 2018): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr6100185.

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Porous medium burners are characterized by high efficiency and good stability. In this study, a new burner was proposed based on the combustion mechanism of the methane-air mixture in the porous medium and the preheating effect. The new burner is a two-section and double-deck porous medium with gas inlets at both ends. A mathematical model for the gas mixture combustion in the porous medium was established. The combustion performance of the burner was simulated under different equivalence ratios and inlet velocities of premixed gas. The methane combustion degree, as well as the temperature and pressure distribution, was estimated. In addition, the concentrations of emissions of NOx for different equivalence ratios were investigated. The results show that the new burner can not only realize sufficient combustion but also save energy. Furthermore, the emission concentration of NOx is very low. This study provides new insights into the industrial development and application of porous medium combustion devices.
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Kim, Se Won, Chang Yeop Lee, and Min Jun Kwon. "Studies on the Ultra-Low NOx Burner Technology Using Partial Oxidation Reaction." Applied Mechanics and Materials 704 (December 2014): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.704.93.

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A new concept of low NOx burner, based on a partial oxidation combustion concept, is successfully applied in this research. The burner is designed such that a portion of liquid fuel is heated and pre-vaporized in the furnace then injected into a fuel rich combustion zone so that a partial oxidation reaction occurs. The effects of equivalence ratio, thermal load, and fuel distribution ratio on the emissions of NOx and CO are experimentally investigated. This newly developed burner showed very low NOx emission level, about 12 ppm, when light oil is used as a fuel.
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Chen, Weibo, and Guixiong Liu. "Numerical Investigation on the Flow, Combustion and NO Emission Characteristics in a 10 MW Premixed Gas Burner." Open Fuels & Energy Science Journal 8, no. 1 (January 22, 2015): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1876973x01508010001.

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The characteristics of the combustion temperature, flow velocity, CO distribution and NOx emissions of a 10 MW gas burner at different primary to secondary air ratios are numerically studied using computational fluid dynamics software Fluent. The results indicate that the primary to secondary air ratio in gas burner determines the combustion quality through influencing some parameters directly, such as the combustion efficiency, combustion intensity, profile and stability of flame as well as emission of NOx. Then two evaluation indexes of combustion quality are summarized after analyzing the flame structure and characteristics of the flow. The detailed results reported in this paper may provide a useful basis for NOx reduction and premixed gas burner design. Finally some proposals are given to choose the optimal primary to secondary air ratio for a gas burner.
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Andrews, G. E., H. S. Alkabie, M. M. Abdul Aziz, U. S. Abdul Hussain, N. A. Al Dabbagh, N. A. Ahmad, A. F. Ali Al Shaikly, M. Kowkabi, and A. R. Shahabadi. "High-Intensity Burners with Low Nox Emissions." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 206, no. 1 (February 1992): 3–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1992_206_003_02.

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Experimental combustion and NOx emissions results are summarized for a range of jet shear layer combustion systems that have rapid fuel and air mixing, short intense flames, a high turn-down ratio and low NOx characteristics. Two burner sizes of 76 and 140 mm are investigated for propane and natural gas. Three jet shear layer burners are compared with axial and radial swirlers. The combustion techniques were developed for application to low NOx combustion systems for industrial gas turbines, where NOx emissions as low as 10 ppm at 15 per cent oxygen have been demonstrated. It is shown that at one bar pressure, gas turbine combustors and high-intensity burners operate at similar air flow, blockage and pressure loss conditions.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "NOX burner"

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Fiskum, Andreas. "Calculation of NOx Formation in a Swirl Burner." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for energi- og prosessteknikk, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-12869.

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This thesis embraces simulations of NOx emissions from a partially premixed 20 kW swirl burner. The simulations were carried out in the commercial computational fluid dynamics software FLUENT. The concept of partial premixing air and fuel before adding additional air for complete combustion has proven promising with a view on the NOx emissions. However, little research has been done on reach premixing of fuel and air and therefore further investigation of this topic is of interest. In most experiments in the literature methane is used as fuel, but due to problems with stability and blow off in the 20 kW swirl burner propane were chosen as fuel.Simulations of eight different air-fuel ratios have been performed, ranging from diffusion flame to a mass based air-fuel ratio of four. The results from these simulations proved satisfactory when comparing with previous experimental and simulated work, except from the calculations of the exact NOx concentration. This difference in the concentration was one the other hand expected since the power of FLUENT and similar software is to predict variation trends and not the exact value itself.The simulations showed that the NOx concentration increased with increasing premixing, reaching a local peak at an air-fuel ratio of two. After this a local minimum in the NOx concentration was observed before a strong increase when further raising the air-fuel ratio. This is the same trends that are observed in the literature when using methane as fuel, but for propane there is no global reduction in the NOx emissions when applying premixing. This increase in the NOx emission was found to be due to an expansion of the high temperature flame zone with increasing premixing, which benefits the thermal NOx formation mechanism. The NOx reducing effect of swirl generation observed to decrease when the air-fuel ratio was increased. For subsequent experimental work it is recommended to perform a high amount of experiments at different air-fuel ratios, especially in the ratio range where the NOx concentrations starts to fluctuate.
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O'Nions, Phillip. "Low NOx combustion utilising a Coanda ejector burner." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1998. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14674/.

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Current and future pollutant enussion legislation calls for decreased NOx emissions from combustion systems. A review of techniques used for NOx abatement led to the choice of combustor redesign to be the most cost effective method available. This led to the design, construction and development of a combustion system that utilised a Coanda ejector to generate recirculation of the exiting high temperature combustion products to mix with the air supply. Cooling of the burner was integrated into the design through the use of the air and fuel supplies. Computational fluid dynamics was used to model and aid development of the design. The model was used to predict NOx and CO emissions and the fuel-air mixing pattern. This, along with an analysis of experimental results and observations led to an understanding of the burner operation with respect to pollutant emissions and stability. NOx emissions from the Coanda burner were found to be lowest when using a 0.2 mm Coanda gap width, resulting in 16 ppm NOx being emitted at an air to fuel ratio of 1.5. However, the use ofa 0.2 mm Coanda gap width required an air supply pressure of up to 4 bar. The use of a 0.5 mm Coanda gap width enabled burner operation at lower air supply pressures. The resulting NOx emissions were measured as 23 ppm at an air to fuel ratio of 1.I, with a corresponding exit gas temperature of 2200 K. Flue gas recirculation quantity, flame stability, flame stabiliser shape and operational limits proved to be inter-linked in the reduction of NOx emissions. It was found that fuel-air mixing was controlled by the entrainment properties of the Coanda ejector and the flame stabiliser. The average oxygen concentration entering the combustion chamber when using a 0.2 mm and 0.5 mm Coanda gap width was 13.7 % and 16.6 %, respectively. Due to the position of the fuel injector, a fuel rich region formed behind the flame stabiliser. With a suitable flame stabiliser geometry and the use of 'fingers', low NOx combustion and flame stability was achieved near stoichiometric conditions. It was shown that the design of the burner enabled very low pollutant emissions near stoichiometric conditions, resulting in high exit gas temperatures. Conceivable applications of this type of burner could lie in small and intermediate furnaces where low NOx emissions are required. Additionally, very high temperature applications, such as glass furnaces could benefit in both cost and pollutant emissions from such a burner.
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Mohammadi, Peyman. "DLE burner water rig simulations." Thesis, Mälardalen University, Department of Computer Science and Electronics, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-626.

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In today’s industrial world, there are high demands on the environmental aspects.

Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB (SIT AB) is a company that is keen about the environment, and therefore spends a lot of effort in developing combustion processes in order to reduce NOx (nitrogen oxides) emissions on their engine products. They are also researching in optional fuels, which are more environment-friendly.

In order to provide lower emissions the SIT designed a water rig to study the flow dynamics in a DLE (Dry Low Emission) burner.

An analyze program (GUI horizontal) was developed with new functions and the existing functions were improved. The program’s function was to evaluate different experimental tests of the flow dynamics in the 3rd generation DLE burners, of the SGT-800 gas turbine engine.

The aim was to ensure repeatability to enhance reliability, of the experimental test results for further comparison, for upcoming projects concerning future DLE burners.

When repeatability was achieved, implementations of different geometrical modifications were performed in the 3rd generation DLE burner.

The reason of the geometrical alterations was to look over if better fuel air mixture could be obtained and accordingly (thus) to reduce hotspots in the burner and in that case reduce NOx emissions.

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Spangelo, Øystein. "Experimental and Theoretical Studies of a Low Nox Swirl Burner." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering Science and Technology, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-310.

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Nitrogen oxides emitted to the atmosphere can cause health problems for humans and environmental problems such as acid rain and global warming. The main part of the world energy consumption involves combustion; hence nitrogen oxide abatement in combustion is an important research field. Formation and reduction of NOx in combustion and the current regulations on NOx emissions are reviewed.

A novel low NOx swirl stabilized gas burner concept, the Swirl Burner, has been studied experimentally, theoretically and numerically. Flame stabilization, rapid air and fuel mixing and internal flue gas recirculation are provided by a strongly swirling flow generated in this patented burner concept. NOx emissions have been measured below 25 and 45 ppmv dry corrected to 3% O2 in the flue gases using methane and propane as fuel respectively.

Studying the effect of varying geometrical parameters on the emissions of NOx, fuel and air supply pressure and flame stability, have resulted in an optimized burner design. The optimized Swirl Burner has successfully been scaled from a 200 kW burner down to a 20 kW burner and up to a 370 kW burner, using a constant velocity scaling criteria which is the most commonly used scaling criteria for industrial burners. Experiments with the scaled burners have revealed that the fuel to air momentum should be preserved while scaling the burner. The 200 kW and the 370 kW burners were operated stable with the boiler to burner diameter (confinement) ratio in the range 5.3-6.7. The 20 kW burner, which was operated in an un-cooled and a water-cooled combustion chamber with confinement ratio of 8.1, was found to have a narrower range of stable operation with regards to thermal throughput. High post-flame heat extraction, which is enhanced by increased confinement ratio and combustion chamber cooling, reduces the emissions of NOx, but might cause flame instabilities.

NOx emissions measured from the three Swirl Burners scale well with NOx scaling correlations based on flame volume as a leading-order parameter for NOx formation (Weber, 1996). The correlations consider the effect of heat extraction on flame volume and emissions of NOx. These correlations indicate that the heat extraction from the 20 kW burner is increasing with increasing thermal throughput. The 200 kW and the 370 kW burners were, from the correlations, found to operate with constant heat extraction.

Flame volume and shape are studied by non-intrusive measurements of OH radicals with the 20 kW burner using laser induced fluorescence. The measurements show that the flame volume is reduced with increasing thermal throughput. Measurements of NOx from this burner also show a reduction with increasing thermal throughput. These results support the theoretical considerations of the flame volume as being the leading-order parameter for NOx formation.

An evaluation of turbulence models and combustion models suitable for studying the Swirl Burner by computational fluid dynamics has been carried out. For this evaluation, a 2D computational model of the 20 kW burner has been used. For closure of the Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes equations for turbulent flow, three models have been evaluated.

These are the standard k-ε model, the RNG k-ε model and the Reynolds Stress model.

Also for modelling of combustion, three models have been evaluated, namely the Eddy Dissipation model, the Equilibrium PDF model and the Flamelet PDF model. For studying the Swirl Burner, a combination of the Reynolds Stress model and the Flamelet PDF model were found to be most suitable for modelling of turbulence and combustion respectively.

Computational results with the 20 kW burner indicate that flue gases are recirculated into a central toroidal recirculation zone downstream the burner exit. The computations are further compared with the OH concentrations measured with laser induced fluorescence.

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Hamedi, Naser. "Numerical Study of NOx and Flame Shape of a DLE Burner." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Mekanisk värmeteori och strömningslära, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-86412.

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For natural gas combustion, there is a large amount of experience in the gas turbine industry. However, much of the design work is based on costly combustion tests due to insufficient accuracy of existing prediction tools for data such as emissions and effects due to fuel composition. In the present work, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach is used to study partially premixed combustion in the 3rd generation DLE (Dry Low Emission) burner that is used in SGT-700 and SGT-800 gas turbines. The fuels that are studied here are natural gas and enriched hydrogen fuel. The CFD models which are used in this work are an axisymmetric and a 3D model and the softwares are ANSYS CFX and ANSYS FLUENT. One of the main objectives of this thesis is the study of flame shape and NOx emission in hydrogen enriched combustion. In the first study of the present work, effect of adding hydrogen to non-preheated gas combustion was investigated and the results were compared with the available measurement data. Calculated laminar burning velocity with CANTERA showed a good agreement with the experimental and numerical references. Also, the accuracy of generated flamelet libraries in CFD tools to calculate adiabatic flame temperature was compared with different available tools. Results showed good agreement between available tools for the ranges of interest. In addition, flame shape and NOx prediction was studied in the gas turbine burner. Adding hydrogen to the fuel increased significantly turbulent burning velocity and OH distribution in the domain. The effect of hydrogen on the central stagnation point was studied and the simulation results did not show a significant effect on the stagnation point location. Beside the flame shape, this study showed that although the CFD NOx prediction tools in ANSYS CFX and ANSYS FLUENT predict the trend of NOx and the flame propagation in the right manner, in order to use as a reliable prediction tool in the gas turbine industry they need to be improved.
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Wu, Chunyang. "Fuel-NOx Formation during Low-Grade Fuel Combustion in a Swirling-Flow Burner." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2006. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1165.pdf.

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Yimer, Ibrahim A. "Turbulent mixing in a low-NOx multi-jet burner, experimental and mathematical modelling." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0002/NQ27863.pdf.

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Haynes, Joel M. "Aerodynamic design of no NOx oil diffusion flames using the radially stratified flame core burner." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11224.

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SHANG, Hai, Hiromu SUZUKI, Kazuhiro YAMAMOTO, 海. 商, 祐夢 鈴木, and 和弘 山本. "多噴孔ノズルバーナの燃焼特性と燃焼排出物の評価." 一般社団法人 日本機械学会, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/19317.

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Cvoro, Valentina. "Experimental and numerical analysis of isothermal turbulent flows in interacting low NOx burners in coal-fired furnaces." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2020.

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Coal firing power stations represent the second largest source of global NOx emissions. The current practice of predicting likely exit NOx levels from multi-burner furnaces on the basis of single burner test rig data has been proven inadequate. Therefore, to further improve current NOx reduction technologies and assist in the assessment of NOx levels in new and retrofit plant cases, an improved understanding of the impact of burner interactions is required. The aim of this research is two-fold: firstly, to experimentally investigate isothermal flow interactions in multi-burner arrays for different swirl directions and burner pitches in order to gain a better understanding of burner interaction effects within multi-burner furnaces. Secondly, to carry out numerical modelling in order to determine turbulence models which give the best agreement to experimental data. Experimental investigations were carried out using flow visualisation for qualitative and 3D laser Doppler anemometry for quantitative measurements. Numerical modelling was performed using the computational fluid dynamics software, Fluent, to compare performance between k-ε, k- ω and RSM turbulence models. Experimental investigation showed that the recirculation zone of the chequerboard configuration is more sensitive to the change in pitch than that of the columnar configuration. Further, it was found that the smaller pitch is more sensitive to change in configuration than the wider pitch. The analysis of fluctuating components, u’, v’ and w’ showed that the burner flow is highly anisotropic at burner exit. Numerical investigation showed that the k-ω turbulence model consistently performed below the other two models. The statistical comparison between k-ε and RSM turbulence models revealed that, for prediction of the swirl velocity profiles, the RSM model overall performed better than the k-ε turbulence model. The visual and statistical analyses of turbulent kinetic energy profiles also showed that the RSM turbulence model provides a closer match to the experimental data than the k-ε turbulence model.
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Books on the topic "NOX burner"

1

England, G. C. Evaluation and demonstration of low-NOx burner systems for TEOR steam generators: Final report--field evaluation of commercial prototype burner. Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory, 1985.

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England, G. C. Evaluation and demonstration of low-NOx burner systems for TEOR steam generators: Final report--field evaluation of commercial prototype burner. Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory, 1985.

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Castaldini, Carlo. Environmental assessment of an enhanced oil recovery steam generator equipped with a low-NOx burner. Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory, 1986.

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Deller, Colin James. A study of NOx emissions from power utility burners. Portsmouth: University of Portsmouth, Department of Mechanical/Manufacturing Engineering, 1994.

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Groat, Diane De. Annie Pitts, burger kid. New York: SeaStar Books, 2000.

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Priddy, Eugene. How not to get burned!: Basic Bible truth made clear. Odessa, FL: BBI Publications, 1997.

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Mongeon, R. K. Wall-fired boiler design criteria for dry sorbent SOb2s control with low-NOx burners. Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory, 1988.

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Mongeon, R. K. Wall-fired boiler design criteria for dry sorbent SOb2s control with low-NOx burners. Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory, 1988.

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Clark, J. P. Boiler design criteria for dry sorbent SOb2s control with low-NOx burners: New unit applications. Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory, 1987.

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Sugrue, Thomas J. Not even past: Barack Obama and the burden of race. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "NOX burner"

1

Chu, E. K., H. Dehne, M. L. Joshi, and R. Gemmer. "Low-NOx, Burner for Glass-Melting Furnaces-The Hi-Rad Burner." In A Collection of Papers Presented at the 53nd Conference on Glass Problems: Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings, Volume 14, Issue 3/4, 126–38. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470314098.ch11.

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Liu, FengGuo, XueYi You, Qi Wang, and Rui Zhang. "NOx Emission Characteristics in a DesiNOx Gned Premixed Burner." In Advances in Computer Science, Intelligent System and Environment, 271–75. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23753-9_43.

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Rue, David, Hamid Abbasi, David Neff, and Patrick Mohr. "A High-Efficiency, Low-NOx Burner for Oxy-Gas Glass Furnaces." In 59th Conference on Glass Problems: Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings, Volume 20, Issue 1, 227–41. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470294536.ch17.

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Kübler, Jakob, R. Baechtold, Gurdial Blugan, K. Lemster, and S. Fuso. "Failure Analysis on a De-NOx Catalyst of a Large Waste Burner." In Fractography of Advanced Ceramics II, 78–85. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-973-3.78.

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Leroux, Bertrand, Pascal Duperray, Patrick Recourt, Rémi Tsiava, Nicolas Perrin, and George Todd. "Alglass Sun: An Ultra-Low-Nox Oxy Burner for Glass Furnaces with Adjustable Length and Heat Transfer Profile." In 64th Conference on Glass Problems: Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings, Volume 25, Issue 1, 117–28. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470294857.ch8.

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Bai, Tao, Baomin Sun, Yonghong Guo, and Zhizhong Kang. "Effects of Tertiary Air Staged Combustion on NOx Emission Characteristic in a Pulverized-Coal Boiler with Swirl Burner." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 255–63. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28744-2_32.

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Younossi, Zobair, and Linda Henry. "The Burden of NAFLD Worldwide." In Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, 15–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95828-6_2.

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Forjaz, Maria Joao, Chandni Chandiramani, and Pablo Martinez-Martin. "The Burden of Non-Motor Symptoms." In Handbook of Non-Motor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease, 13–26. Heidelberg: Springer Healthcare UK, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-908517-60-9_2.

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De Maio, Fernando. "The Burden of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases." In Global Health Inequities, 62–77. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-40063-5_4.

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Huffman, Mark D., and Sidney C. Smith. "Global Burden of Non-Communicable, Chronic Diseases." In Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, 1–11. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22357-5_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "NOX burner"

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Cho, Cheon Hyeon, Chae Hoon Sohn, Ju Hyeong Cho, and Han Seok Kim. "Effects of Burner Interaction on NOx Emission From Swirl Premix Burner in a Gas Turbine Combustor." In ASME Turbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2014-26174.

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Flame interaction between neighboring burners in a gas turbine combustor is investigated numerically for pursuit of its effect on NOx emission from the burners. In a model chamber or liner, EV burners with double cone are installed. Two burners with the same rotating direction of air stream are adopted and the distance between them is variable from 74.2 mm to 222.6 mm by the step size of 37.1 mm. Gaseous methane and air are adopted as fuel and oxidizer, respectively. From steady-state numerical analyses, flow, temperature, and NO concentration fields are calculated in all computational cases to find their correlation with NOx formation. NOx emission is evaluated at the exit of the model chamber with two burners as a function of burner distance and compared with that from a single burner. In all cases of two-burner calculations, NOx emission is higher than that of a single burner, which results from flow interactions between neighboring burners as well as between a burner and a liner wall. NOx emission is affected significantly by flow and flame interactions between them and strongly depends on burner distance. Burner interaction is divided into two regimes of a burner-burner interaction and a burner-wall interaction depending on the distance. In the former regime, NOx emission is reduced as flame interaction between burners is enhanced and in the latter regime, it is also reduced as interaction between the burner and the liner wall is enhanced.
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Asai, Tomohiro, Hiromi Koizumi, Satoschi Dodo, Hirokazu Takahashi, Shouhei Yoshida, and Hiroshi Inoue. "Applicability of a Multiple-Injection Burner to Dry Low-NOx Combustion of Hydrogen-Rich Fuels." In ASME Turbo Expo 2010: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2010-22286.

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To demonstrate the applicability of a “multiple-injection burner” to dry low-NOx combustion of hydrogen-rich fuels, the combustion characteristics of a burner were experimentally investigated. The experimental results show that a burner with a flame lift-off length of 5 mm and a fuel-injection-hole diameter of 1.5 mm achieves low NOx concentration of less than 6 ppm for hydrogen-rich fuels with a wide range of hydrogen concentrations. This finding demonstrates that the burner achieves dry low-NOx combustion of these hydrogen-rich fuels without need for any modification of the burner’s configuration. Moreover, it was found that fuel distribution, fuel composition, flame lift-off length, and fuel-jet velocity have significant effects on the burners’ combustion characteristics.
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Aoki, Shuichi, and Hiroshi Yamazaki. "Combustion Mechanism of Rich-Lean Flame Burner Controlled Boundary Zone." In ASME/JSME 2007 Thermal Engineering Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2007 InterPACK Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2007-32781.

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Rich-lean flame burners are widely used for supplying domestic hot water and heating in Japan. These burners exhaust low NOx and CO emissions, and conventionally consist of a layered structure of lean flame with two sides of rich flame. Top-runner regulation applied for the domestic hot water generator of fuel gas, is to run to achieve the CO2 reduction two years later in Japan. Not only low NOx and CO emissions, but also higher efficiency, are required for the next generation of domestic hot water generators. Kurachi et al. confirmed experimentally that a new concept, a unique burner with air supplied from the boundary zone between the rich and lean premixed gas nozzles, produces lower NOx and CO emissions (1, 2, 3). Numerous experimental and numerical simulation studies of conventional rich-lean flame burners have been reported, and the mechanism of the complex field mixed with the rich and lean premixed gas has been clarified (4). But the characteristics of the new concept burner have only been investigated experimentally. In this study, a two-dimensional numerical simulation of the new burner was executed to clarify the mechanism of the lower NOx and CO emissions compared to the conventional burner (mesh; 25,000, chemical reaction; GRI-mech II, laminar flow). Heat input was 6.5kW (half of a full load). A conventional burner, without an air supply from the boundary zone, was also calculated to compare with the new concept burner. In a conventional burner, the reaction ratio R178 (N+NO = N2+O), which is a part of the Zeldovich mechanism, is dominant at the area downstream of the rich flame. This area is almost same as the maximum temperature area of the burned gas. The maximum temperature of the new concept burner (1,923K) is approximately 50K lower than that of the conventional burner, successfully maintaining stable combustion. Because of its lower maximum temperature, the amount of NOx emission from the new concept burner is approximately 40% of that from the conventional burner. With the air supply from the boundary zone, the concentration of CO in the flue gas also is decreased by approximately 1/3. In particular, the formation of thermal NOx in the lean flame zone is suppressed by lowering the flame temperature. The amount of CO emission from the rich flame zone is also decreased due to the promotion of complete combustion with the air supply from the boundary zone. As a result, these characteristics are in relatively good agreement with the experimental results, and the dominancy of the new concept burner is also clarified.
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Munko, Andreas, Fernando Luiz Câmara Campos Junior, Matthias Bergmann, Maycon Athayde, Robert Maduta, and Tobias Heyd. "LOW NOX BURNER FOR PELLETIZING PLANTS." In 46º Seminário de Redução/ 17º Minério de Ferro/ 4º Aglomeração. São Paulo: Editora Blucher, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/2594-357x-28029.

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McVey, J. B., F. C. Padget, T. J. Rosfjord, A. S. Hu, A. A. Peracchio, B. Schlein, and D. R. Tegel. "Evaluation of Low NOx Combustor Concepts for Aeroderivative Gas Turbine Engines." In ASME 1992 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/92-gt-133.

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An experimental program was conducted to evaluate low NOx combustor concepts applicable to natural-gas-burning aeroderivative gas turbine engines operating at a nominal pressure ratio of 20:1. Gas sampling measurements at the exit of the primary zone of high-shear and lean premixed burners were acquired under elevated entrance pressure and temperature conditions over a range of primary zone equivalence ratios. Piloting systems were incorporated in most of the burner designs to achieve satisfactory burner operability. Both swirl stabilized and perforated-plate (grid) stabilized burners were found to produce NOx levels lower than the current engine goal of 25 ppm (15% O2).
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v. d. Bank, Ralf, and Thomas Schilling. "Development of an Ultra-Low NOx LP(P) Burner." In ASME Turbo Expo 2004: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2004-53341.

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Within the EC framework 5 programme LOPOCOTEP Rolls-Royce Deutschland (RRD) continues to develop Lean Premix (Partially Pre-vaporized) (LP(P)) combustion systems to implement the ACARE goals to achieve further NOx reductions compared with the best combustor technology currently available. The results from the previous EC framework 4 programme LowNOx III had been used to calculate DpNOx/Foo values for an ICAO LTO cycle. The result showed that 40% from the CAEP II limit can be achieved for a medium size fan engine. Cycle and mission calculations have risen the hope that total NOx emissions can be reduced by more than 70% for a 800 NM medium range flight. The objective of the current programme is to further reduce the NOx emissions (30% CAEP II) for a more severe engine cycle and therefore a larger burner size compared to the LowNOx III programme. Flash-back and auto-ignition under all operation conditions have to be prevented. A scaling law was derived from the existing database and applied on an LP(P) module which was then tested at pressures of up to 35 bar and temperatures of up to 900 K in a single sector test rig. The applicability of the scaling laws was confirmed. Testing at take-off conditions showed single digit EINOx between 2 and 4 g/kg depending on the actual swirl-generator configuration. However, poor weak extinction was observed and gave concern regarding operability. The decision was taken to redirect the development efforts to improve operability and to increase the lean blow out (LBO) air-fuel-ratio (AFR). This led to the integration of an internal, centrally arranged pressure-swirl atomizer as pilot diffusion burner into the LP(P) burners. Due to an optimization of the aerodynamics of the LP(P) module which was performed at the same time the dimensions of the burner could be reduced while the effective area was kept constant. This burner was then initially tested at atmospheric conditions to address ignition and LBO limit. This burner showed excellent ground ignition capability at air temperatures as low as 350 K. In the best configuration one spark was sufficient. The testing of the lean extinction limit was repeatedly verified. At 350 K the LBO was always in the range between 110–130 OAFR. More detailed investigations on emissions, flash-back and auto-ignition characteristics will be performed at ONERA and Lund University.
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Bee´r, J. M., M. A. Toqan, J. M. Haynes, and R. W. Borio. "Development of the RSFC Low NOx Burner: From Fundamentals to Industrial Applications." In 2002 International Joint Power Generation Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijpgc2002-26198.

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Research and development of the low NOx Radially Stratified Flame Core (RSFC) burner is followed from its fundamental concept through prototype burner design, pilot scale experiments at MIT and scale-up and commercial design by ABB-CE (ALSTOM) to applications in industrial and utility plant boilers. The principle that turbulence can be significantly damped in a rotating flow field with a strong positive radial density gradient was used to increase the fuel rich zone residence time in internally staged low NOx burners. The continuous interaction of ideas from laboratory experimental and computational studies with those from the commercial design and industrial scale tests played a pivotal role in the development of the final product, the commercial RSFC burner. Examples of application in gas, oil, and coal fired industrial and utility boilers are discussed.
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Ramadan, Omar B., J. E. Donald Gauthier, Patrick M. Hughes, and Robert Brandon. "Experimental Investigation and Evaluation of a Low NOx Natural Gas-Fired Mesh Duct Burner." In ASME Turbo Expo 2007: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2007-28350.

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To increase the thermal output of a micro-turbine powered CHP system, a low NOx natural gas-fired, mesh duct burner was designed built and tested. The gas-fired burner was installed in the exhaust duct of a recuperated micro-turbine of a micro-cogeneration unit. The full-scale experimental burner was integrated with an Ingersol-Rand 70 kW micro-turbine system for the evaluation. Three wire-mesh burners with different pressure drops were used. Each burner has a conical shape made from FeCrAL alloy mat (NIT100S by ACOTECH) and their design based on a heat release per unit area of 2500 kW/m2 and a total heat release of 240 kW at 100% excess air. The local momentum of the gaseous mixture introduced through the wire-mesh was adjusted so that the flame stabilized outside the burner mesh (surface combustion). Performance of the duct burner was tested and the effect of excess air and firing rate on the stable burning zones, and emissions (NOx, CO) were measured. The range of thermal inputs at which surface combustion was maintained for the duct burner was defined by direct observation of the burner surface and monitoring of the temperature in the combustion zone. Stable combustion with low emission of pollutants was achieved at atmospheric pressure for a firing rate range of 175 to 310 kW. The total system (micro-turbine and duct burner) was shown to produce less than 5 ppm NOx for the conditions tested.
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Matsumoto, Ryosuke, Mamoru Ozawa, Isao Ishihara, Shingo Sasaki, and Masahiro Takaichi. "Development of Low-NOx DME Multi-Ports Burner." In ASME 2005 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pwr2005-50349.

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This study focuses on fundamental characteristics of DME combustion, aiming at the development of low-NOx multi-ports burner. Multi-ports burner consists of a fuel-port and surrounding multi-air-ports. The strong re-circulation flow is formed by the small air jets, thus the short flames form a cluster on every burner unit so that the thermal NOx generation is significantly suppressed to a very low level. The NOx emission of the DME from the co-axial diffusion burner was over 130ppm beyond the level of the other fuels. On the other hand; NOx emission of DME from the newly advanced multi-ports burner was reduced to 60ppm at 0% O2. With the help of the low-NOx combustion system, referred to as the tube-nested combustion, NOx emission of DME was further reduced to 20ppm at 0% O2.
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Kalb, Jochen R., and Thomas Sattelmayer. "Lean Blowout Limit and NOx-Production of a Premixed Sub-ppm NOx Burner With Periodic Flue Gas Recirculation." In ASME Turbo Expo 2004: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2004-53410.

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The technological objective of this work is the development of a lean-premixed burner for natural gas. Sub-ppm NOx emissions can be accomplished by shifting the lean blowout limit (LBO) to slightly lower adiabatic flame temperatures than the LBO of current standard burners. This can be achieved with a novel burner concept utilizing periodic flue gas recirculation: Hot flue gas is admixed to the injected premixed fresh mixture with a mass flow rate of comparable magnitude, in order to achieve self-ignition. The subsequent combustion of the diluted mixture again delivers flue gas. A fraction of the combustion products is then admixed to the next stream of fresh mixture. This process pattern is to be continued in a cyclically closed topology, in order to achieve stable combustion of e.g. natural gas in a temperature regime of very low NOx production. The principal ignition behavior and NOx production characteristics of one sequence of the periodic process was modeled by an idealized adiabatic system with instantaneous admixture of partially or completely burnt flue gas to one stream of fresh reactants. With the CHEMKIN-II package a reactor network consisting of one perfectly stirred reactor (PSR, providing ignition in the first place) and two plug flow reactors (PFR) has been used. The effect of varying burnout and the influence of the fraction of admixed flue gas have been evaluated. The simulations have been conducted with the reaction mechanism of Miller and Bowman and the GRI-Mech 3.0 mechanism. The results show that the high radical content of partially combusted products leads to a massive decrease of the time required for the formation of the radical pool. As a consequence, self-ignition times of 1 ms are achieved even at adiabatic flame temperatures of 1600 K and less, if the flue gas content is about 50%–60% of the reacting flow after mixing is complete. Interestingly, the effect of radicals on ignition is strong, outweighs the temperature deficiency and thus allows stable operation at very low NOx emissions.
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Reports on the topic "NOX burner"

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KRISHNA, C. R., and T. BUTCHER. LOW NOX BURNER DEVELOPMENT. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15010732.

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Lee, G. K., and R. J. Philp. Low NOx/SOx burner trials: CFB Gagetown. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/304408.

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Ray Chamberland, Aku Raino, and David Towle. Enhanced Combustion Low NOx Pulverized Coal Burner. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/908316.

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David Towle, Richard Donais, Todd Hellewell, Robert Lewis, and Robert Schrecengost. Enhanced Combustion Low NOx Pulverized Coal Burner. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/936317.

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Lee, G. K. The Rockwell low NOx /SOx burner development. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/302630.

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Lee, G. K., and R. J. Philp. Gagetown low NOx/SOx burner project test program. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/304366.

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McClaine, Andrew W. Low NOx Burner Development Program - Final Report - 09/15/1996 - 09/30/2000. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/789965.

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Andrew Seltzer. Low NOx Burner Design and Analysis for Conceptual Design of Oxygen-Based PC Boiler. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/861883.

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Author, Not Given. Evaluation of Gas Reburning & Low NOx Burners on a Wall Fired Boiler Performance and Economics Report Gas Reburning-Low NOx Burner System Cherokee Station Unit 3 Public Service Company of Colorado. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2744.

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Bailey, Ralph, Hamid Sarv, Jim Warchol, and Debi Yurchison. PARTICULATE CHARACTERIZATION AND ULTRA LOW-NOx BURNER FOR THE CONTROL OF NO{sub x} AND PM{sub 2.5} FOR COAL FIRED BOILERS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/789502.

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