Academic literature on the topic 'NPK fertilizer'
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Journal articles on the topic "NPK fertilizer"
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Harahap, Siti Maryam, Khadijah El Ramija, and Erythrina Erythrina. "Yield Response of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) to Compound Fertilizer." Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal : Journal of Suboptimal Lands 9, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33230/jlso.9.1.2020.453.
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Harahap SM, Ramija KE, Erythrina E. 2020. Yield response of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) to compound fertilize. Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal: Journal of Suboptimal Lands 9(1): 41-49.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the application effects of three different compound fertilizers on yield, and assess the income increase at different rates of compound fertilizers. Three compound fertilizers namely NPK 14-0-46, NPK 19-9-19 and NPK 11-11-11 was conducted at three different farmers’ field in Langkat District, North Sumatra Province under upland conditions. In each farmers’ field, a Randomized Complete Block Design was applied with four replications per treatment. Seven treatments tested consisted of full rate of farmer fertilizer practice and six rates of each compound fertilizer plus half rate of farmer fertilizer practice. In each of compound fertilizer tested, pod yield and seed yield increased quadratically as increasing compound fertilizer rates. The highest pod yield and seed yield of peanut were 1649 kg/ha and 1072 kg/ha, respectively with half rate of FFP + 200 kg of NPK 14-0-46. For compound fertilizer NPK 19-9-19 the highest pod yield and seed yield were 1632 kg/ha and 1032 kg/ha with half rate of FFP + 500 kg of NPK 19-9-19 while for compound fertilizer NPK 11-11-11 the highest pod yield seed yield were 1421 kg/ha and 930 kg/ha with half rate of FFP + 250 kg of NPK 11-11-11. However, adding each half rate of farmer fertilizer practices with 200 kg of NPK 14-0-46 or 300 kg of NPK 19-9-19 or 250 kg of NPK 11-11-11 with HypoMa-1 cultivar gave the highest values of the benefit for the farmers under upland soil in Langkat, North Sumatra.
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Hric, Peter, Ján JANČOVIČ, and Ľuboš VOZÁR. "The comparison of organic and inorganic fertilizers influence on selected indicators of turf growth-production process." Acta agriculturae Slovenica 107, no. 2 (October 26, 2016): 373. http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2016.107.2.10.
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<p>The aim of this experiment was to compare the influence of organic and inorganic fertilizers on selected indicators of turf growth-production process under non–irrigated conditions. The experiment was carried out in warm and dry conditions in the area of Nitra (Slovak Republic). In the experiment were included 5 treatments: 1.Without fertilization, 2. Turf NPK fertilizer 15–3–8 (+3 MgO +0.8 Fe +18 S), 3. Slow release NPK fertilizer 14–5–14 (+4 CaO +4 MgO +7 S), 4. Organic NPK fertilizer 5-1-1 and 5. Organic NPK fertilizer 3-2-1. Determination of the average height of turf, total height of turf and the annual average daily gain of height showed that best treatment was application of slow release fertilizer. Turf fertilized by Organic NPK fertilizer 5-1-1 reached the highest values of the average height of turf, total height of turf and the annual average daily gain of height, the same as treatment without fertilization. These finding were statistically significant. Treatment without fertilization reached the lowest values in evaluated growth-production parameters.</p>
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Hric, Peter, Ján Jančovič, Peter Kovár, and Ľuboš Vozár. "The Effect of Varying Speed Release of Nutrients from Fertilizers on Growth-production Process of Turf." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 64, no. 2 (2016): 441–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201664020441.
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The aim of this experiment was to compare the influence of fertilizers with different speed of nutrients release on growth–production indicators of turf under non–irrigated conditions. The experiment was carried in warm and dry conditions in area Nitra (Slovak Republic). In the experiment were followed 5 treatments (1. without fertilization, 2. Nitre with dolomite, Superphosphate, Potassium salt, 3. Turf fertilizer Travcerit®, 4. Slow release fertilizer SRF NPK 14–5–14 (+ 4CaO + 4MgO + 7S), 5. Controlled release fertilizer Duslocote® NPK (S) 13–9–18 (+6S)). The highest gain of height reached variant fertilized by fertilizer SRF NPK 14–5–14 (+ 4CaO + 4MgO + 7S). Comparison of the individual treatments for the whole period showed significantly lower average daily gains of height on control treatment compared to fertilizing treatments Nitre with dolomite, Superphosphate, Potassium salt, SRF NPK 14–5–14 (+ 4CaO + 4MgO + 7S) and Duslocote® NPK (S) 13–9–18 (+6S). During the reported period the highest gain of weight reached treatment by application fertilizer Duslocote® NPK (S) 13– 9–18 (+ 6S). Comparison of the individual treatments for the whole period, were found significantly lower average daily production of phytomass on control treatment in comparison with fertilization turfs by Travcerit® and Duslocote® NPK (S) 13–9–18 (+6S).
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Baghdadi, Ali, Ridzwan A. Halim, Ali Ghasemzadeh, Mohd Fauzi Ramlan, and Siti Zaharah Sakimin. "Impact of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the yield and quality of silage corn intercropped with soybean." PeerJ 6 (October 26, 2018): e5280. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5280.
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Background Corn silage is an important feed for intense ruminant production, but the growth of corn relies heavily on the use of chemical fertilizers. Sustainable crop production requires careful management of all nutrient sources available on a farm, particularly in corn-based cropping systems. Methods Experiments were conducted to determine the appropriate technique of corn-legume intercropping in conjunction with the supplemental use of chemical fertilizers, organic manure, and biofertilizers (BFs). Acetylene reduction assays (ARAs) were also performed on corn and soybean roots. Results Combining chemical fertilizers with chicken manure (CM) in a 50:50 ratio and applying 50% NPK+50% CM+BF produced fresh forage and dry matter (DM) yields that were similar to those produced in the 100% nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) treatment. Among the lone fertilizer treatments, the inorganic fertilizer (100% NPK) treatment produced the highest DM yield (13.86 t/ha) of forage and outyielded the 100% CM (9.74 t/ha) treatment. However, when CM was combined with NPK, the resulting DM yield of forage (13.86 t/ha) was the same as that resulting from 100% NPK (13.68 t/ha). Compared with CM applications alone, combinations of NPK and CM applications resulted in increased plant height, crop growth rates (CGRs) and leaf area index (LAI), but the values of these parameters were similar to those resulting from 100% NPK application. Fertilizers in which the ratio was 50% CM+50% NPK or 50% CM+50% NPK+BF resulted in protein yields that were similar to those resulting from conventional fertilizers. Similarly, the CP content did not significantly differ between applications of the 100% NPK and 50% CM+50% NPK fertilizers. The use of BFs had no significant impact on improving either the yield or quality of forage fertilized with inorganic or organic fertilizer. Lactic acid responded differently to different fertilizer applications and was significantly higher in the fertilized plots than in the unfertilized plots. Compared with treatments of lone chemical and lone organic manure fertilizers, treatments involving applications of BF and a combination of BF and NPK or CM resulted in higher ARA values. Discussion There is no simple and easy approach to increase biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in grain legumes grown as part of a cropping system under realistic farm field conditions. Overall, evidence recorded from this study proves that, compared with corn monocrops combined with CM and chemical fertilizers, corn-soybean intercrops could increase forage yields and quality, produce higher total protein yields, and reduce the need for protein supplements and chemical fertilizers.
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Rodrigues, Donizetti Tomaz, Roberto Ferreira Novais, Víctor Hugo Alvarez V., José Maria Moreira Dias, and Ecila Mercês de Albuquerque Villani. "Orchid growth and nutrition in response to mineral and organic fertilizers." Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 34, no. 5 (October 2010): 1609–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832010000500014.
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Orchid fertilization is fundamental for a satisfactory plant growth and development for commercial orchid production as well as in collections. Mineral and/or organic sources can be used for fertilization. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the use of organic and/or mineral fertilizers on the nutrition and growth of orchid (Laelia purpurata 'werkhanserii' x L. lobata 'Jeni') seedlings in greenhouse. The following fertilizers were tested: an NPK fertilizer + micronutrients; a Ca source in the form of calcium nitrate; two organic fertilizers, one prepared with a mixture of bone meal, castor meal and ash, and a similar commercial fertilizer. The organic fertilizers were distributed on the surface of the pots every two months and the minerals were applied weekly to the substrate in 25 mL aliquots of a solution containing 1 g L-1 of the respective fertilizer. The plant response to the application of mineral together with organic fertilizer was better, with higher dry matter production than by the isolated application of each fertilizer (organic or mineral). The treatments with calcium nitrate + NPK fertilizer did not differ significantly from the use of NPK fertilizer, probably due to the S deficiency detected in a mineral analysis of the tissues. Commercial organic fertilizer had a very elevated B level, leading to toxicity symptoms, reduced growth and necrotized tips of the older leaves in all fertilized treatments.
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Hutagaol, Dermawan, Iwan Hasrizart, and Dan Ahmad Sofian. "Aplikasi Cendawan Pelarut Fosfat Indigenous Tanah Sawah Meningkatkan Ketersediaan dan Serapan P Padi Sawah." Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) 45, no. 1 (May 4, 2017): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.24831/jai.v45i1.13648.
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Increasing P availaibility can be done using Phosphate solubilizing microorganism, but available information about indigenous phosphate solubilizing microorganism utilization from paddy soil that intensively fertilized with P is limited. The objectives of this experiment were to isolate, to select and to test the potential of phosphate solubilizing fungi (PSF) in increasing P availability, P uptake and rice production. Five isolates of PSF, referred to A1, A2, A3, A4 and A5 isolates, were belong to the Aspergillus genera. Field experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with one factor and 3 replications. The treatments consisted of 11 combinations of PSF and NPK fertilizer, i.e., without PSF + 100% rate of NPK fertilizer; PSF A1 + 50% rate of NPK fertilizer; PSF A1 + 100% rate of NPK fertilizer; PSF A2 + 50% rate of NPK fertilizer; PSF A2 + 100% rate of NPK fertilizer; PSF A3 + 50% rate of NPK fertilizer; PSF A3 + 100% rate of NPK fertilizer; PSF A4 + 50% rate of NPK fertilizer; PSF A4 + 100% rate of NPK fertilizer; PSF A5 + 50% rate of NPK fertilizer; PSF A5 + 100% rate of NPK fertilizer. Experiment results showed that application of PSF isolates increased P availaibility, P uptake, rice growth and rice production significantly. Application of PSF A1 + 50% rate of NPK fertilizer was the best treatment as indicated by the increased in weight of 1,000 rice grains, P availaibility and P uptake
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Zafar, Saima, and Abdul Wahid. "Use of organic fertilizer improves growth and yield of Triticum aestivum irrigated with textile wastewater." Journal of Arable Crops and Marketing 1, no. 1 (June 14, 2019): 01–07. http://dx.doi.org/10.33687/jacm.001.01.3455.
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Water scarcity is one of those issues. Reuse of wastewater from textile industries is a very common strategy to cope with water scarcity. Continuous use of effluent water for agricultural purposes results in negative impacts on physicochemical properties of soil and plant. Organic fertilizers are considered beneficial for soil and crop quality. To exploit the strategies to use this effluent water safely for crop production a pot experiment was conducted with different combinations of organic and inorganic fertilizers viz. T1= Control (tap water + Recommended dose of NPK (130, 95 and 65 kg ha-1), T2=Wastewater + Recommended dose of NPK, T3=Wastewater + Organic fertilizer (200 kg ha-1) + Remaining NPK from inorganic fertilizer, T4=Wastewater + Organic fertilizer (400 kg ha-1) + Remaining NPK from inorganic fertilizer, T5 =Wastewater + Organic fertilizer (600 kg ha-1) + Remaining NPK from inorganic fertilizer and T6=Wastewater + Organic fertilizer (800 kg ha-1) + Remaining NPK from inorganic fertilizer. It was observed that integrated use of organic and inorganic fertilizer (800 kg ha-1 organic and remaining of recommended dose from inorganic fertilizer + effluent water) enhanced the growth and yield of wheat crop. In a study found that the use of organic fertilizer could help mitigate the negative impact of textile effluent water on wheat growth.
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Purwani, Jati, and Nurjaya Nurjaya. "Effectiveness of Inorganic Fertilizer and Biofertilizer Application on Maize Yield and Fertilizer Use Efficiency on Inceptisol from West Java." JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS 25, no. 1 (January 2, 2020): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2020.v25i1.11-20.
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The study about the effectiveness of inorganic fertilizer and bio-fertilizer application on maize yield and fertilizer use efficiency has been carried out in the greenhouse using Inceptisol from Dukuh Village, Cibungbulang District, Bogor Regency. Inorganic fertilizers used were Urea, SP36 and KCl, the biofertilizer used consisted of Azospirillum sp., Azotobacter sp., Bacillus sp., and Lactobacillus sp.. The study was arranged in a Randomized Block Design consisting of seven treatments and six replications. The treatments consisted of various dosages of inorganic fertilizers combined with bio-fertilizer, namely 1) Control (without fertilizer), 2) 100% recommended NPK level, 3) Biofertilizer, 4) 25% recommended NPK level+Biofertilizer, 5) 50% recommended NPK level+Biofertilizer, 6) 75% recommended NPK level + Biofertilizer, 7) 100% recommended NPK level + Biofertilizer. The results showed that the application of inorganic NPK ferttilizers and biofertilizer on maize cultivation on Inceptisol from Dukuh Village, Cibungbulang District, Bogor Regency resulted in an increase of maize yield compared to the recommended level of inorganic fertilizers (100% NPK). The treatment of NPK (50% recommended level)+Biofertilizer resulted in the highest biomass dry weight, yield of corn and value of RAE (Relative Agronomic Effectiveness). The shoot dry weight was 138.09 g pot-1, corn yield was 190.87 g pot-1, and RAE value was 113.44%. The optimum doses of NPK fertilizers were 200 kg Urea ha-1, 60 kg SP-36 ha-1 and 45 kg KCl ha-1 combined with 4 L ha-1 biofertilizer.
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HU, CHENG, SHUANG-LAI LI, YAN QIAO, DONG-HAI LIU, and YUN-FENG CHEN. "EFFECTS OF 30 YEARS REPEATED FERTILIZER APPLICATIONS ON SOIL PROPERTIES, MICROBES AND CROP YIELDS IN RICE–WHEAT CROPPING SYSTEMS." Experimental Agriculture 51, no. 3 (November 18, 2014): 355–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479714000350.
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SUMMARYLong-term fertilization experiment has been conducted since 1981 to study the effect of soil management practices on soil fertility, soil carbon and nitrogen sequestration, soil culturable microbe counts and crop yields at the Nanhu Experimental Station in the Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences (situated in the middle reach of the Yangtze River and the rice–wheat cropping system). The experiment was designed with the following eight treatments: (1) unfertilized treatment: Control; (2) inorganic nitrogen fertilizer treatment: N; (3) inorganic nitrogen plus inorganic phosphorus fertilizer treatment: NP; (4) inorganic nitrogen, inorganic phosphorus plus inorganic potassium fertilizer treatment: NPK; (5) pig dung compost (manure) treatment: M; (6) inorganic nitrogen fertilizer plus manure: NM; (7) inorganic nitrogen, inorganic phosphorus fertilizer plus manure treatment: NPM and (8) inorganic nitrogen, inorganic phosphorus, inorganic potassium fertilizer plus manure treatment: NPKM. The results showed that long-term application of organic manure in combination with inorganic fertilizer significantly (p < 0.05) increased soil organic C concentrations compared with the corresponding inorganic fertilizers alone. Soil organic C contents were significantly (p < 0.05) increased in balanced application of NPK fertilizers in comparison to unbalanced application of fertilizers. After 30 years of experiment, soil organic C and total N sequestration rate averagely were 0.48 t ha−1 year−1 and 28.3 kg ha−1 year−1 in the fertilized treatments respectively; nevertheless, it were 0.27 t ha−1 year−1 and 9.7 kg ha−1 year−1 in the unfertilized treatment. Application of organic fertilizer in combination with inorganic fertilizer significantly (p < 0.05) increased culturable microbial counts compared with the corresponding inorganic fertilizers alone. The balanced application of NPK fertilizers significantly (p < 0.05) increased culturable microbial counts compared with unbalanced application of fertilizers. The average grain yield of wheat and rice was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in organic manure combined with inorganic fertilizer treatment than in inorganic fertilizer alone and unfertilized control. Therefore, long-term application of organic manure combined with inorganic fertilizer and balanced application of NPK fertilizers could increase soil organic C and total N sequestration, culturable microbial counts and crop grain yields.
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Kurnianta, Legita Dwi, Prapti Sedijani, and Ahmad Raksun. "The Effect of Liquid Organic Fertilizer (LOF) Made from Rabbit Urine and NPK Fertilizer on the Growth of Bok Choy (Brassica rapa L. Subsp. chinensis)." Jurnal Biologi Tropis 21, no. 1 (January 27, 2021): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v21i1.2426.
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Fertilizer is one of the most important needs for plants. Fertilizing can be done by using inorganic fertilizers or organic fertilizers. Long term fertilizing by using inorganic fertilizers without adding the organic matter could potentially reduce soil fertility and lead to not optimal growth of the plant. This study aims to determine the effect of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) made from rabbit urine, NPK fertilizer, and the combination of both fertilizers on the growth of bok choy, and to determine the best fertilizer dosage for the growth of bok choy. This study uses a Completely Randomized Design consisting of 2 factors, the dose of rabbit urine LOF and dose of NPK fertilizer; 4 dosage levels each in triplicates. Data was analyzed using ANOVA followed by DMRT Test. The results indicates that the application of LOF made from rabbit urine, NPK fertilizer, and the combination of both fertilizers increases plant height, leaves number, leaf area, wet weight, dry weight, and chlorophyll total of bok choy. DMRT (a 5%) test shows the best dosage applied for enhancing growth parameter are 6 ml of LOF plus 0,4 gram of NPK for plant height, wet weight, and dry weight, the 4 ml of LOF plus 0,6 gram of NPK for leaves number and leaf area, and the 4 ml of LOF plus 0,4 gram NPK for chlorophyll total.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "NPK fertilizer"
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Chandler, R. D. "Research into the rheology and mechanical properties of NPK fertilizer production." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.411752.
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Silveira, Brenno Dayano Azevedo da. "Recuperação de solo contaminado com petróleo pela técnica da bioestimulação." Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, 2016. http://bdtd.ufersa.edu.br:80/tede/handle/tede/559.
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Among the environmental impacts caused by oil activities the oil leaks in the soil are cited, which cause damage to ecosystems and consequently negative effects to society. For recovery these areas bioremediation is an alternative, viable, effective, simple application and low-cost, uses microorganisms able to degrade contaminants, through the biostimulation strategy which is based on the optimization of environmental conditions to promote microbial activity. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of biostimulation with application of NPK fertilizer 10:30:20 on oil degradation in a Vertisol. The soil was artificially contaminated with oil in increasing levels of 0, 1, 3, 5 and 10 % mass base and the biostimulation was made with NPK fertilizer 10:30:20, single dose only in the beginning of the experiment in equivalent concentrations levels to 0, 250, 500, 1,250 and 2,500 kg ha-1. The control of contaminant degradation was realized by respirometric method, through the CO2 production measured every 7 days along the 91 days of experiment. It was observed higher CO2 production in the treatments with fertilizer, increased CO2 production in all treatments in the first 14 days of experiment and the mathematical model obtained by Response Surface Method was able to estimate the dose of NPK formulation 10:30: 20 for different petroleum contamination levels. It is concluded that the biostimulation technique with NPK fertilizer application in proportion 10:30:20 had a significant effect on the increase of CO2 production in Vertisoil with different levels of oil contamination by showing the positive effect of the biostimulation in the contaminant degradation optimization
Dentre os impactos ambientais ocasionados pelas atividades petrolíferas, cita-se os vazamentos de petróleo bruto no solo, que acarretam prejuízos aos ecossistemas e consequentemente efeitos negativos para a sociedade. Para recuperação dessas áreas tem-se como alternativa, viável e eficaz, de simples aplicação e baixo custo, a biorremediação, uma técnica que utiliza microrganismos capazes de degradar contaminantes, através da estratégia da bioestimulação que se baseia na otimização das condições ambientais para favorecer a atividade microbiana. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da bioestimulação com aplicação do fertilizante NPK 10:30:20 na degradação de petróleo em um Vertissolo. Para isso o solo foi contaminado artificialmente com petróleo em níveis crescentes de 0, 1, 3, 5 e 10 % base em massa e bioestimulado com fertilizante NPK 10:30:20, dosagem única no início do experimento em níveis de concentração equivalente a 0, 250, 500, 1.250 e 2.500 kg ha-1. O controle da degradação do contaminante foi realizado pelo método respirométrico, através da produção de CO2 medido a cada 7 dias ao longo dos 91 dias de experimento. Observou-se maior produção de CO2 nos tratamentos bioestimulados com o fertilizante, maior produção de CO2 em todos os tratamentos nos primeiros 14 dias de experimento e que o modelo matemático obtido pelo Método da Superfície de Resposta foi capaz de estimar a dose da formulação NPK 10:30:20 para diferentes níveis de contaminação de petróleo. Conclui-se que a técnica da bioestimulação com aplicação de fertilizante NPK na proporção 10:30:20 teve efeito significativo no aumento da produção de CO2 no Vertissolo com diferentes níveis de contaminação por petróleo evidenciando efeito positivo da bioestimulação na otimização da degradação do contaminante
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Van, der Ham Ilana. "The effect of inorganic fertilizer application on compost and crop litter decomposition dynamics in sandy soil." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97109.
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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Inorganic fertilizer applications are common practice in commercial agriculture, yet not much is known regarding their interaction with organic matter and soil biota. Much research has been done on the effect of inorganic N on forest litter decomposition, yet very little research has focused on the effect of inorganic fertilizers on crop litters and, to our knowledge, none on composted organic matter. Furthermore none of the research has been done in South Africa. The main aim of this research project was to determine the effect of inorganic fertilizer applications on the decomposition of selected organic matter sources commonly used in South African agriculture and forestry. Two decomposition studies were conducted over a 3-month period, one on composts and the other on plant litters, using a local, sandy soil. In the first experiment a lower quality compost, compost A (C:N ratio, 17.67), and higher quality compost, compost B (C:N ratio, 4.92) was treated with three commercially used fertilizer treatments. Two were typical blends used for vegetable (tomato and cabbage) production: tomato fertilizer (10:2:15) (100 kg N, 20 kg P, 150 kg K per ha) and cabbage fertilizer (5:2:4) (250 kg N, 100 kg P, 200 kg K per ha). The third fertilizer blend, an equivalent mass application of N and P applied at 150 kg of each element per ha, is more commonly used in pastures. In the second experiment, five commonly encountered crop and forestry litters, namely kikuyu grass, lucerne residues, pine needles, sugar cane trash and wheat straw, were selected to represent the labile organic matter sources. The litters were treated with the tomato and cabbage fertilizer applications rates. Both decomposition experiments were conducted under ambient laboratory conditions at field water capacity. Decomposition rates were monitored by determining CO2 emissions, DOC production, β-glucosidase and polyphenol oxidase activity (PPO). At the start and end of decomposition study, loss on ignition was performed to assess the total loss of OM. Based on the results obtained from these two experiments, it was concluded that the addition of high N containing inorganic fertilizers enhanced the decomposition of both composted and labile organic matter. For both compost and plant litters, DOC production was greatly enhanced with the addition of inorganic fertilizers regardless of the organic matter quality. The conclusion can be made that inherent N in organic matter played a role in the response of decomposition to inorganic fertilizer application with organic matter low in inherent N showing greater responses in decomposition changes. For labile organic matter polyphenol and cellulose content also played a role in the responses observed from inorganic fertilizer applications.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Anorganiese kunsmis toedieningss is algemene praktyk in die kommersiële landbou sektor,maar nog min is bekend oor hul interaksie met organiese materiaal en grond biota. Baie navorsing is reeds oor die uitwerking van anorganiese N op woud en plantasiereste se ontbinding gedoen. Baie min navorsing het gefokus op die uitwerking van anorganiese kunsmis op die gewasreste en tot ons kennis, is daar geen navorsing gedoen op die invloed van anorganiese kunsmis op gekomposteer organiese material nie. Verder is geeneen van die navorsing studies is in Suid-Afrika gedoen nie. Die hoofdoel van hierdie navorsingsprojek was om die effek van anorganiese kunsmis toedienings op die ontbinding van geselekteerde organiese materiaal bronne, wat algemeen gebruik word in die Suid-Afrikaanse landbou en bosbou, te bepaal. Twee ontbinding studies is gedoen oor 'n 3-maande-tydperk, een op kompos en die ander op die plantreste, met die gebruik van 'n plaaslike, sanderige grond. In die eerste eksperiment is ‘n laer gehalte kompos, kompos A (C: N verhouding, 17.67), en 'n hoër gehalte kompos, kompos B (C: N verhouding, 4.92) met drie kommersieel anorganiese bemesting behandelings behandel. Twee was tipiese versnitte gebruik vir die groente (tamatie en kool) produksie: tamatie kunsmis (10: 2:15) (100 kg N, 20 kg P, 150 kg K per ha) en kool kunsmis (5: 2: 4) (250 kg N, 100 kg P, 200 kg K per ha). Die derde kunsmis versnit was 'n ekwivalente massa toepassing van N en P van 150 kg van elke element per ha, wat meer algemeen gebruik word in weiding. In die tweede eksperiment was vyf algemeen gewas en bosbou reste, naamlik kikoejoegras, lusern reste, dennenaalde, suikerriet reste en koring strooi, gekies om die labiele organiese materiaal bronne te verteenwoordig. Die reste is met die tamatie en kool kunsmis toedienings behandel. Beide ontbinding eksperimente is uitgevoer onder normale laboratorium toestande by veldwaterkapasiteit. Ontbinding tempo is deur die bepaling van die CO2-vrystellings, opgelosde organiese koolstof (OOK) produksie, β-glukosidase en polifenol oksidase aktiwiteit (PPO) gemonitor. Aan die begin en einde van ontbinding studie, is verlies op ontbranding uitgevoer om die totale verlies van OM te evalueer. Gebaseer op die resultate van hierdie twee eksperimente, was die gevolgtrekking dat die toevoeging van hoë N bevattende anorganiese bemestingstowwe die ontbinding van beide komposte en plant reste verhoog. Vir beide kompos en plantreste word OOK produksie verhoog met die toevoeging van anorganiese bemesting, ongeag van die organiese materiaal gehalte. Die gevolgtrekking kan gemaak word dat die inherente N in organiese materiaal 'n rol gespeel het in die reaksie van ontbinding op anorganiese bemesting toedienings met die grootste reaksie in organiese material laag in inherente N. Vir labiele organiese material het polifenol en sellulose inhoud ook 'n rol gespeel in die reaksie waargeneeming op anorganiese bemesting.
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Silva, Adilson Nunes da. "Produção do pinhão manso (Jatropha curcas L.) em função da adubação, de níveis de água e da seletividade de herbicidas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-08022011-090824/.
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O pinhão manso é uma oleaginosa que apresenta grande potencial para se tornar uma cultura rentável e capaz de ser utilizada na fabricação de biodiesel, porém faltam informações sobre práticas de cultivo, tais como sua nutrição mineral, irrigação e uso de herbicidas. O presente estudo foi realizado em três experimentos com os seguintes objetivos: a) avaliar o desempenho fisiológico e produtivo de plantas de pinhão manso em resposta a diferentes níveis de adubação NPK e diferentes lâminas de água no solo; e b) avaliar a seletividade de diferentes herbicidas nesta cultura e o comportamento das plantas em condições de pré e pós-emergência. Todos os experimentos foram desenvolvidos em condições de casa de vegetação em Piracicaba, SP, Brasil, empregando um delineamento experimental em blocos cazualizados. No experimento em que se avaliou adubo e água, foram testados doze tratamentos com quatro repetições, constando de quatro níveis do fator dose de adubação NPK e três níveis do fator lâmina de irrigação. Foram avaliados: índice de velocidade de emergência (IVE); altura das plantas (AP); diâmetro de caule (DC); número de folhas por plantas (NF); presença de flores e frutos (PFL e PFR); matéria seca da parte aérea e da raiz (MSPA e MSR); área foliar (AF); número de ramificações por planta (NR). A produção da cultura foi maior quando o conteúdo de água no solo se aproximou da Capacidade de Campo e o desenvolvimento das plantas, em sua fase inicial, foi reduzido com o aumento das doses de adubo no solo devido a salinidade destes. Nos experimentos que visavam avaliar os herbicidas testaram-se em condições de pós-emergência (flumioxazin, bentazon, lactofen e trifloxusulfuron-soudium), com cinco repetições, e de préemergência (flumioxazin, clomazone, metribuzin, sulfentrazone e s-metolachlor), com oito repetições, foi avaliado o controle percentual, altura e diâmetro de caule das plantas; número de folhas e índice SPAD (Soil Plant Analysis Development) aos 7, 14, 21 e 28 dias após a aplicação do herbicida (DAA) para o experimento em pósemergência e aos 15, 30 e 60 DAA para o experimento em pré-emergência; massa seca residual aos 28 e 60 DAA para os experimentos em pós e em pré-emergência, respectivamente. As plantas tratadas com os herbicidas flumioxazin e s-metolachlor tiveram um comportamento similar às plantas testemunhas, então se pode considerar que estes herbicidas foram mais seletivos à cultura do pinhão manso, neste estudo, em condições de pré-emergência. Em condições de pós-emergência o herbicida bentazon foi o mais seletivo à cultura do pinhão manso, principalmente em relação às variáveis área foliar, matéria fresca e seca da parte aérea, que se igualaram com a testemunha. Para os herbicidas que causaram menores danos às plantas, são necessários estudos acerca de melhores dosagens, para que possam ser indicados ou não para a cultura em condições de campo; e em condições de pós-emergência, houve uma maior recuperação das injúrias nas plantas causadas pelos herbicidas em comparação com pré-emergência.The Jatropha is an oilseed crop that has great potential to become a cash crop and can be used to produce biodiesel, but lacks information on cultivation practices, such as its nutrition, irrigation and herbicide use. This study was conducted through three experiments with the following objectives: a) evaluate the physiological performance and productivity of jatropha plants in response to different levels of NPK and different irrigation water depths in the soil, and b) to evaluate the selectivity of herbicides by this crop and the behavior of plants in pre- and post-emergence. All experiments were conducted under greenhouse conditions in Piracicaba, SP, Brazil, using a randomized complete block design. In the experiment we evaluated fertilizer and water levels in twelve treatments with four replications and four levels of NPK and three levels of irrigation. We evaluated: emergency speed index (ESI), plant height (PH), stem diameter (SD), number of leaves per plant (NL), presence of flowers and fruits (PFL and PFR), dry matter of shoot and root (DMS and DMR), leaf area (LA), number of branches per plant (NB). Crop yield was higher when soil water content approached field capacity, and plant development was reduced in its initial phase with increasing doses of fertilizer due to soil salinity. In the experiments aiming to assess the herbicides, tests in postemergence (flumioxazin, bentazon, lactofen and trifloxusulfuron-soudium) were made with five replicates, and in pre-emergence (flumioxazin, clomazone, metribuzin, sulfentrazone and s-metolachlor) eight replications. Measurements were made in percent of the control, of the height and diameter of the plant, leaf number and SPAD index (Soil Plant Analysis Development) at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after application (DAA) for the experiment in post-emergence, and 15, 30 and 60 DAA for the experiment in preemergence; residual dry matter at 28 and 60 DAA for the experiments in post and preemergence, respectively, height and diameter of plant, leaf number and SPAD index. Plants treated with the herbicides flumioxazin and s-metolachlor had a similar behavior to the control, so that we can consider that these herbicides were more selective for the cultivation of jatropha in the study of pre-emergence. In post-emergence the herbicide bentazon was the most selective, mainly in relation to the variables leaf area, fresh and dry weight of shoots, that were equal to the control. For herbicides that caused minor damage to plants, more studies are needed on doses, so that they can be recommended or not for the crop in the field, and in post-emergence, there was a greater recovery from the injuries caused in the plants by the herbicides as compared to pre-emergence application.
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Faulin, Gustavo Di Chiacchio. "Influência da adubação em doses variadas na produtividade e no estado nutricional da cultura do café (Coffea arabica L.)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-24052010-161322/.
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As técnicas utilizadas na agricultura de precisão agregam não só ferramentas para o diagnóstico das causas da variabilidade encontrada nas lavouras, como também soluções para o convívio ou correção dessa variabilidade. O Brasil é o maior produtor mundial de café e ainda hoje apresenta um mercado em franca expansão. Por isso, em razão do potencial produtivo e da lucratividade da cultura do café, atualmente o interesse pelas técnicas de manejo localizado e a procura por novas tecnologias estão aumentando. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a influência do manejo localizado das adubações de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio, na produtividade e no estado nutricional do cafeeiro. Para isso, foram utilizadas quatro áreas comerciais, sendo uma localizada no município de Gália, SP, conduzida durante quatro safras, e três no município de Patrocínio, MG, conduzidas durante três safras. Estabeleceram-se dois tratamentos para testar a hipótese do aumento da produtividade e a manutenção do estado nutricional do cafeeiro com aplicações localizadas dos nutrientes nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio, em doses variáveis. Como resultados foram observados que as adubações de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio aplicadas em doses variáveis aumentaram a produtividade do cafeeiro em 240,0 kg ha-1, quando somadas todas as safras. Houve redução do consumo do nitrogênio em 134,7 kg ha-1 e do potássio em 82,0 kg ha-1, e para o nutriente fósforo ocorreu um aumento no consumo de 65,0 kg ha-1. A avaliação do estado nutricional das plantas de cafeeiro mostrou-se apropriada para possíveis correções das doses dos nutrientes durante a adubação.The precision agriculture techniques, besides adding tools to identify the causes of variability found in the fields, provide solutions for this variability to be corrected or for the best management solution when the variability is unavoidable. Brazil is the biggest producer of coffee within an increasing market. Therefore, because of the potential yield and profit of coffee crop, currently the interest in site specific management techniques and the demand for new technologies are increasing. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of site specific management of fertilizers (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) in the yield and in the nutritional status of coffee crop. Four commercial areas were used, one located in Gália, SP, and three in Patrocínio, MG. Two treatments were established to test the hypothesis of higher yield and maintenance of the nutritional status of coffee with site specific fertilizer rates of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The results indicated that nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients applied in variable rates increased the yield in 240.0 kg ha-1, considering all the harvesting seasons. Nitrogen fertilizer consumption was reduced in 134.7 kg ha-1 and potassium in 82.0 kg ha-1, on the other hand phosphorus consumption increased in 65.0 kg ha-1. The evaluation of nutritional status of coffee plants was appropriate for possible corrections of nutrient supplying during fertilization.
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Zenz, Nikolaus. "Effect of mulch application in combination with NPK fertilizer in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. ; Leguminosae) on two key pests, Maruca vitrata F. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and Megalurothrips sjostedti Trybom (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), and their respective parasitoids." [S.l. : s.n.], 1999. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB8711436.
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Carvalho, Neto Jos? Pereira de. "Aduba??o NPK na produ??o de minestacas de eucalipto em solu??o nutritiva." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFVJM, 2010. http://acervo.ufvjm.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/541.
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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes)
O sucesso da propaga??o vegetativa depende do estado nutricional da planta-matriz. Entretanto, padr?es ideais das concentra??es dos nutrientes n?o est?o ainda bem estabelecidos para a miniestaquia. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influ?ncia da aduba??o NPK na produ??o de miniestacas de eucalipto em solu??o nutritiva. O trabalho foi realizado de novembro de 2008 a janeiro de 2009, em casa de vegeta??o. Foi utilizado delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial fracionado (4x4x4)?, perfazendo 32 tratamentos com tr?s repeti??es. Os tratamentos se constitu?ram de quatro doses dos nutrientes de N (50; 100; 200 e 400 mg L-1) na forma de ur?ia, P (7,5; 15; 30 e 60 mg L-1) na forma de ?cido fosf?rico e K (50; 100; 200 e 400 mg L-1) na forma de cloreto de pot?ssio em solu??o nutritiva. Houve apenas efeito significativo para as doses de N isoladamente. Observou-se efeito linear decrescente com o aumento das doses de N para as vari?veis como n?mero de miniestacas, massa seca das miniestacas, massa seca da raiz e parte a?rea da minicepa de eucalipto. O n?mero de miniestacas e os teores de nutrientes foliares das miniestacas se apresentaram adequados ? literatura existente. A distribui??o percentual da massa seca e dos nutrientes variou em fun??o do aumento das doses de N. O maior ac?mulo percentual de nutrientes e de massa seca ocorreu na parte a?rea das minicepas e nas miniestacas. A dose recomendada para o material gen?tico em estudo foi de 50, 7,5 e 50 mg L-1 para NPK, com produtividade de 12 miniestacas por minicepas num per?odo de 30 dias de coleta, com ac?mulo de nutrientes na miniestaca de 6,0 cm de eucalipto de: 86% do N, 56% do P, 42% do K, 42% do Ca, 36% do Mg, 84% do S, 26% do B, 04% do Cu, 15% do Fe, 23% do Mn e 12% do Zn.
Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2010.
ABSTRACT The success of vegetative spread depends on the nutritional state of the matrix plant. However, ideal standards of nutrients concentration are not well established for the minicutting yet. So, the objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of NPK fertilizer in the production of minicuttings in a simple hybrid of Eucalyptus urophylla in?nutrient solution. The experiment was realized from November, 2008 to January, 2009 in vegetation ambient. The experimental design was a completely randomized in fractional factorial scheme (4x4x4)1/2 totaling 32 treatments with three replicates. The treatments consisted by four nutrient doses of N (50, 100, 200 and 400 mg L-1) in the urea form, P (7.5, 15, 30 and 60 mg L-1) in the phosphoric acid form and K (50, 100, 200 and 400 mg L-1) in the potassium chloride form, in the nutrient solution. There was a significant effect only for the isolated N doses for the minicuttings. It was observed that the effect with the number and dry mass of minicuttings and dry mass of root and shoots of ministumps of eucalypt decreased linearly with increasing doses of N. The number of minicuttings and the content of the leaf nutrients in minicuttings were appropriate according to the literature. The percentage distribution of dry mass and nutrients varied in function of the N doses increase. The highest percentage accumulation of nutrients and of dry mass occurred in ministumps and miniccutings shoots, except for Cu and Fe. The recommended dose to the genetic material was respectively about 50, 7,5 e 50 mg L-1 for NPK, with productivity of 12 miniccutings per ministumps in a period of 30 days of collecting and with nutrient accumulation in the ministumps about 6,0cm of eucalypt in the following values: 86% of N, 56% of P, 42% of K, 42 of Ca, 36% of Mg, 84% of S, 26% of B, 04% of Cu, 15% of Fe, 23% of Mn, and 12% of Zn.
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Costa, Maria Valdete da. "Recuperação de solo contaminado por petróleo usando bioestimulação." Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, 2015. http://bdtd.ufersa.edu.br:80/tede/handle/tede/480.
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Previous issue date: 2015-03-26The study of areas contaminated by petroleum hydrocarbons recovery arose due to the large environmental impacts from accidents involving oil spills, in the extraction, transport in pipelines, vessels and industrial units. Lately, the bioremediation process has been an alternative to reduce or remedy contamination caused by oil in the environment using the stimulation of native soil microbial fertilizer. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the ability of bioremediation of soil contaminated with oily compounds using biostimulation technique as an alternative capable of adequately handling the contamination in soils resulting from oil spills. The soil was contaminated with oil in increasing doses of 0, 1, 3, 5 and 10 % (w / w) and NPK biostimulation in a single charge at the start of the experiment at concentration levels of 0, 250, 500, 1250 and 2500 kg ha-1. The experiments were performed for 105 days and every 7 days determined the production of C-CO2. As best results for the production of C-CO2, gave a value of 3539.40 mg kg-1 at doses of 9.20 % oil and 2435 kg ha-1 for NPK
O estudo da recuperação de áreas contaminadas por hidrocarbonetos de petróleo surgiu em virtude do grande impacto ambiental decorrente de acidentes envolvendo derrames de petróleo, na extração, transporte em dutos, embarcações e unidades industriais. Ultimamente, o processo de biorremediação tem sido uma alternativa para reduzir ou remediar as contaminações no ambiente provocado pelo petróleo, utilizando a estimulação da microbiota nativo do solo com fertilizantes. Desta forma, objetivou-se avaliar a capacidade de biorremediação de solo contaminado com compostos oleosos, utilizando a técnica de bioestimulação como uma alternativa capaz de tratar adequadamente as contaminações em solos decorrentes de derrames de petróleo. O solo foi contaminado com petróleo em doses crescentes de 0, 1, 3, 5 e 10 % (p/p) e bioestimulado com NPK em uma única carga no início do experimento em níveis de concentração de 0, 250, 500, 1250 e 2500 kg ha-1. Os experimentos foram realizados durante 105 dias e a cada 7 dias determinada a produção de C-CO2. Quanto à melhores resultados para produção de C-CO2, obteve-se o valor de 3.539,40 mg kg-1 para as doses de 9,20 % de petróleo e de 2.435 kg ha-1 para o NPK
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Freitas, Karla de Frias. "Preparação e caracterização de quitosana incorporada com o fertilizante KH2PO4 como potencial aplicação na liberação modificada dos nutrientes NPK /." Ilha Solteira, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/192147.
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Orientador: Luiz Francisco MalmongeResumo: Os fertilizantes de liberação modificada têm conquistado âmbitos cada vez maiores nas pesquisas e em utilizações agrícolas devido a suas principais características de menores perdas de nutrientes e por seu menor custo, que envolve menos aplicações no campo e menores quantidades de fertilizantes utilizados, comparado aos fertilizantes convencionais. Este trabalho teve como objetivo elaborar fertilizantes com possível comportamento de liberação modificada, através da incorporação do fosfato de potássio monobásico (KH2PO4) no polímero quitosana, contribuindo, dessa forma, com as três fontes de nutrientes primários essenciais requeridos pelas plantas: nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio, por apenas dois recursos. Foram elaboradas duas amostras diferentes para posterior comparação, análise e aplicação. Os métodos utilizados no preparo das amostras foram: gotejamento em solução básica coagulante e casting. Foram feitas soluções de 8% de quitosana (m/v) dissolvidas em soluções de 5% de ácido acético, e subsequentemente foi adicionado o KH2PO4 (em diferentes concentrações para análise e para aplicação agrícola, foi usada a concentração de 60% (m/m) em relação à massa de quitosana). Foram feitas Microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) para análise morfológica das amostras, Energia dispersiva de raios-X (EDX) para constatação dos elementos contidos nas amostras, o estudo da liberação dos nutrientes em solução aquosa (em pHs 5,4 e 6,7) e por fim, as amostras foram aplicadas em mudas de alf... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Modified-release fertilizers have been increasingly used in research and in agricultural uses due to their main characteristics of lower nutrient losses and their lower cost, which involves fewer applications in the field and less quantities of utilized fertilizers, compared to the conventional ones. This work aimed to elaborate fertilizers with possible modified release behavior, through the incorporation of monobasic potassium phosphate (KH2PO4) in the chitosan polymer, thus contributing with the three sources of essential primary nutrients required by plants: nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, from only two resources. Two different samples were prepared for later comparison, analysis and application. The methods used in preparing the samples were: dripping in a basic coagulant solution and casting. Solutions of 8% chitosan (w/v) were prepared dissolved in solutions of 5% acetic acid, and subsequently KH2PO4 was added (in different concentrations for analysis and for agricultural application, the concentration of 60% (w/w) in relation to the chitosan mass). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed for the morphological analysis of the samples, energy dispersive X ray (EDX) to verify the elements contained in the samples, the study of the release of nutrients in aqueous solution (at pH 5.4 and 6, 7) and finally, the samples were applied to lettuce seedlings for comparative effect and material efficiency. The results of the EDX spectra showed that in the samples made... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
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Vargas, Tiago de. "Transferência de elementos maiores, traços e elementos das terras raras no sistema fertilizante - solo - água subterrânea em sedimentos quaternários da Região de Águas Claras, município de Viamão, RS." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/25544.
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O estudo desenvolveu-se em área de plantação de arroz na região de Águas Claras, Município de Viamão, caracterizada por depósitos arenosos quaternários inconsolidados inseridos no Sistema Laguna-Barreira da Planície Costeira do Rio Grande do Sul. O trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o impacto do uso intensivo de fertilizantes NPK nos solos e na água do aqüífero livre, verificando a transferência de elementos primários (macro nutrientes), micronutrientes, metais, metalóides e outros elementos-traço (inclusive Elementos Terras Raras) no perfil. Foram coletadas amostras de fertilizante aplicado na área, solos e água em duas áreas fertilizadas e uma não fertilizada (background), realizando-se análises de parâmetros físico-químicos de águas in-loco, análises de difratometria de Raios-X e CTC, e análises multi-elementares com ICP-MS. A coleta de amostras de água foi realizada através de dois poços de monitoramento em três tempos distintos, 6 meses pós-fertilização, duas semanas pré-fertilização e três semanas pós-fertilização. Os solos coletados são classificados como arenosos, contudo, observou-se presença significativa de argila em um perfil. A difração de raios-X identificou presença dos argilominerais ilita e caolinita nas amostras com conteúdo de argila mais elevado. Análises de capacidade de troca de cátions revelaram resultados entre 4,86 e 17,9 cmol/dm3. A condutividade hidráulica do aqüífero freático, registrada através do Teste de Slug resultou em 1,168x10-4 cm/s para o solo do poço com presença maior de argila. No levantamento dos parâmetros de campo observou-se, em quase a totalidade das amostras, as águas possuem pH abaixo de 6 e o conteúdo de sólidos totais dissolvidos situam-se acima do permitido pela Resolução CONAMA 396/08. Os dados químicos de elementos maiores mostram que as águas classificam-se como em praticamente todas as amostras como cloretada-sódico-cálcicas, de acordo com o Diagrama Piper. A análise dos resultados demonstra que o fósforo e magnésio são em sua maior parte adsorvidos no solo, causando efeito cumulativo. Outros elementos químicos que sofreram maior enriquecimento nos solos devido à aplicação de fertilizante foram Al, As, Cd, Cs, Eu, Fe, Li, Mn, Rb, U e V. Nas análises de água detectou-se excesso de manganês, ultrapassando o limite máximo permitido pela Resolução CONAMA 396/08 0,1mg/L, tendo Ce, La e Nd entre os Elementos Terras que tiveram maior enriquecimento. Os resultados demonstram que a aplicação de fertilizantes em aqüíferos com elevada vulnerabilidade pode contaminar as águas subterrâneas, comprometendo sua potabilidade.This study has been developed in area of rice plantation in the region of Aguas Claras, Municipal District of Viamão, which is comprises quaternary deposits of sandy soils related to the Lagoon-Barrier System of the Rio Grande do Sul Coastal Plain. The main objective was to evaluate the impact of intensive use of fertilizers NPK in the soils and in the free-aquifer, verifying the transfer of primary elements (macronutrients), micronutrients, metals, metalloids and other trace elements (including Elements Rare Earth) in the soil. Samples of fertilizer applied in the plantation, soils, and water in two fertilized areas and in one non-fertilized area (background) were collected. Main physico-chemical parameters of water were measured in the field, while analyses of X-Ray Diffraction, CTC, and multielementary analyses by ICP-MS were processed. The water samples were collected in two monitoring wells in three different periods, 6 months before fertilization, two weeks before fertilization and three weeks after fertilization. The collected soils are classified as sandy, however, significant presence of clay was observed in one profile. The X-Ray Diffraction identified illite and caolinite as the clay minerals phase in samples with higher clay content. Analyses of Cation Exchange Capacity revealed values between 4,86 and 17,9 cmol/dm3. The hydraulic conductivity of the free aquifer through the Slug Test resulted in 1,168x10-4 cm/s for the clayish soil. In the samples majority, the water pH is below 6, and the total dissolved solids is above the limits of the CONAMA Resolution 396/08. The chemical data of major elements show that chlorinated-sodic-calcic water type prevails in the area, according to the Piper Diagram. The chemical results demonstrate that phosphorus and magnesium are mainly adsorved in the soil, causing cumulative effect. Other chemical elements showing higher enrichment in the soil due to fertilizer application were Al, As, Cd, Cs, Eu, Fe, Li, Mn, Rb, U and V. The water analyses detected a manganese excess, according CONAMA Resolution 396/08, while Ce, La and Nd among the REE had larger enrichment. The results clearly demonstrate that intensive fertilizer application in aquifer with high vulnerability can contaminate groundwater.
Books on the topic "NPK fertilizer"
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Kotowska, Janina. Współdziałanie wapnowania oraz nawożenia NPK na wielkość i jakość plonów roślin uprawianych na glebie lekkiej. Szczecin: Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie, 1998.
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2
Schultz, J. J. Production of granular NPKs in ammonium phosphate plants--some important differences. Muscle Shoals, Ala: International Fertilizer Development Center, 1989.
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3
1936-, Schultz J. J., Frederick E. D, International Fertilizer Development Center, Fertiliser Association of India, Fertilizer Advisory, Development, and Information Network for Asia and the Pacific., and International Workshop-NPK Fertilizer Production Alternatives (1988 : Madras, India, and Bombay, India), eds. NPK fertilizer production alternatives: Proceedings, international workshop Madras/Bombay, India, February 1988. Muscle Shoals, Ala: International Fertilizer Development Center, 1988.
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4
Schultz, J. J. Npk Fertilizer Production Alternatives: Proceedings, International Workshop Madrasbombay, India, February 1988 (IFDC Special publication). Intl Fertilizer Development, 1989.
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5
The Farmer's fertilizer handbook: How to make your own NPK recommendations-- and make them pay. Emmaus, Pa: Regenerative Agriculture Association, 1985.
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Craig, Cramer, and Regenerative Agriculture Association (Emmaus, Pa.), eds. The Farmer's fertilizer handbook: How to make your own NPK recommendation-- and make them pay. Emmaus, Pa: Regenerative Agriculture Association, 1986.
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Cramer, Craig. The Farmer's Fertilizer Handbook: How to Make Your Own Npk Recommendations--And Make Them Pay. Regenerative Agriculture Assn, 1985.
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Cramer, Craig. The Farmer's Fertilizer Handbook: How to Make Your Own Npk Recommendation-- And Make Them Pay. Regenerative Agriculture Assn, 1986.
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1936-, Schultz J. J., Hoffmeister George, and International Fertilizer Development Center, eds. Urea-based NPK plant design and operating alternatives: Workshop proceedings, International Fertilizer Development Center, Muscle Shoals, Alabama, USA, September 17-28, 1990. Muscle Shoals, Ala: The Center, 1991.
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Schultz, James J. Urea-Based Npk Plant Design and Operating Alternatives: Workshop Proceedings, International Fertilizer Development Center, Muscle Shoals, Alabama, Us (Special publication IFDC). Intl Fertilizer Development, 1991.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "NPK fertilizer"
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Haraldsen, Trond Knapp, Per Anker Pedersen, and Arne Grønlund. "Mixtures of Bottom Wood Ash and Meat and Bone Meal as NPK Fertilizer." In Recycling of Biomass Ashes, 33–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19354-5_3.
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Dralle, Kim, and J. Bo Larsen. "Growth response to different types of NPK-fertilizer in Norway spruce plantations in Western Denmark." In Nutrient Uptake and Cycling in Forest Ecosystems, 501–4. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0455-5_55.
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Singh, Bal Ram. "Effect of Cobalt-Enriched NPK Fertilizer on Cobalt Concentration in Ryegrass and Its Leaching Losses at Different pH Levels." In Plant Nutrition — from Genetic Engineering to Field Practice, 709–12. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1880-4_156.
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Saigusa, Masahiko, Akiko Tosaki, Toyoaki Ito, and Kyoichi Shibuya. "Effects of polyolefin-coated fertilizer containing NPK and micro-elements on copper deficiency in barley and wheat in acid high humic Andisol." In Plant Nutrition for Sustainable Food Production and Environment, 655–56. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0047-9_211.
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Laslo, Éva, and Gyöngyvér Mara. "Is PGPR an Alternative for NPK Fertilizers in Sustainable Agriculture?" In Microbial Interventions in Agriculture and Environment, 51–62. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8391-5_3.
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"Nitrophosphate-Based NPK Fertilizer: Wastewater Treatment." In Pollution Control in Fertilizer Production, 449–64. CRC Press, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482277609-39.
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"Nitrophosphate-Based NPK Fertilizer: Air Pollution Control." In Pollution Control in Fertilizer Production, 435–48. CRC Press, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482277609-38.
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"Nitrophosphate-Based NPK Fertilizer: Radioactive Components and Their Removal." In Pollution Control in Fertilizer Production, 465–76. CRC Press, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482277609-40.
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"MAP, DAP, and NPK Fertilizers: Pollution Control Practices in Japan." In Pollution Control in Fertilizer Production, 409–20. CRC Press, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482277609-36.
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"MAP, DAP, and NPK Fertilizers: Pollution Control Practices in the United States and Europe." In Pollution Control in Fertilizer Production, 421–34. CRC Press, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482277609-37.
Full textConference papers on the topic "NPK fertilizer"
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Đukic, Vojin, Jegor Miladinovic, Zlatica Miladinov Mamlic, Gordana Dozet, Marija Bajagic, Marijana Jovanovic Todorovic, and Vojin Cvijanovic. "PRINOS SOJE U ZAVISNOSTI OD VREMENA PRIMENE NPK ĐUBRIVA." In SAVETOVANJE o biotehnologiji sa međunarodnim učešćem. University of Kragujeva, Faculty of Agronomy, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt26.043dj.
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Soybean yield depends on the variety, soil, cultural practices, as well as the weather conditions in certain years. The aim of this research is to examine the impact of NPK fertilizer application in the autumn and spring period on the level of soybean yield. The highest soybean yields were achieved by applying NPK fertilizer in autumn, before the basic tillage with spring application of nitrogen fertilizer AN. Spring application of NPK fertilizers and AN increases the yield, but the effect of fertilizers is significantly less compared to autumn application. The application of nitrogen fertilizer AN increases the soybean yield, and in order for this fertilizer to show its full effect, it is necessary for the soil to be optimally provided with macroelements.
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Cvijanovic, Gorica, Eltreki Abduladim, Nenad Đuric, Vojin Đukic, Gordana Dozet, Zlatica Miladinov Mamlic, and Asija Abduladim. "UTICAJ PRIMENE NPK ĐUBRIVA I EFEKTIVNIH MIKROORGANIZAMA NA MASU I VISINU BILJAKA SOJE." In SAVETOVANJE o biotehnologiji sa međunarodnim učešćem. University of Kragujeva, Faculty of Agronomy, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt26.061c.
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NPK fertilizer and effective micro-organisms have a strong influence on morphological characteristics of soybean plants. In this paper, the influence of NPK fertilizers and effective microorganisms on the weight and height of soybean plants is analyzed. The highest values of the analyzed properties were achieved in the variant with the application of NPK fertilizers in combination with effective organisms, while the individual influence of NPK fertilizers and effective microorganisms was less pronounced.
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KRUPIČKA, Josef, Petr ŠAŘEC, and Petr NOVÁK. "GRANULOMETRIC STUDY OF NPK 20-8-8 AND DOLOPHOS FERTILIZERS." In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.010.
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Physical properties of commercial fertilizers play important role from precision application point of view. Granulometric evaluation is usually performed by sieve separation according ČSN 01 5030 standard. The main subject of this work is the presentation of separation results when vertical airflow is used with NPK 20-8-8 and Dolophos fertilizers. The sample was divided into 8 individual specimens of 0.5 kg weight that was measured repeatedly. Every class of the specimen was than sieved on the sieves with holes 2 mm, 3.5 mm, and 5 mm resulting four new subclasses characterized by the sieve mesh dimension. It was achieved by statistical evaluation that relative frequencies are in agreement with N-distribution. It is clear from achieved values that in NPK 20-8-8 fertilizer samples there are 92.25 % of particles with dimension from 3.15 to 5 mm and 7.0 % with dimension from 2 to 3.15 mm. In fertilizer Dolophos there are 50.87 % of particles with dimension from 3.15 to 5 mm and 47.54% with dimension from 2 to 3.15 mm.
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Aninkan, Anjola S., and Eyitayo A. Makinde. "Fertilizer Rate for Optimum Growth and Yield of Egusi Melon (ColocynthiscitrullusL.)/ Hot Pepper (Capsicum chinense, Jackquin cv. rodo) Intercrop." In International Students Science Congress. Izmir International Guest Student Association, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52460/issc.2021.005.
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The use of chemical fertilizers as a supplemental source of nutrients has been on the increase but they are not applied in balanced proportion by most farmers [1]. Also, fertilizer requirements of the mixed intercropping systems have been a matter of conjecture; some studies had suggested that fertilizer requirements of the dominant component be applied [2], others recommend that the sum of the sole crop requirements, be applied [3]. Teriah [4], however, stated that both practices have proved either inadequate or wasteful. In this experiment the effects of different rates of NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer application on growth and yield of hot pepper and Egusi melon in an intercropping system was examined to determine optimum rate for production. The experiment was carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, in the south western part of Nigeria. It took place from March to October 2017 during the growing season. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 5 treatments (fertilizer rates) and 3 replicates. Treatments were; 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 kg/ha of NPK 15-15-15 applications. Plot size was 3m by 3m with a 1.5m gang way round each plot to reduce inter-plot effect. Data were collected on growth parameters at 6 weeks after treatment (WAT) and continued at two-week intervals until 10 WAT. Four plants each of pepper and Egusi melon from the inner rows were randomly selected and tagged for the purpose of data collection. Data on yield were also collected at ripening. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was carried out on each observation and the Least Significant Difference (LSD) was used for means separation (P≤0.05). The effects of fertilizer rates showed significant difference on pepper plant height, number of leaves, number of branches and leaf area. However, there was no significant difference in the effect of fertilizer rate on days to 50% flowering of pepper. Number of vines and vine length of Egusi melon were significantly different in their responses to fertilizer rates but the leaf area and days to 50% flowering of melon were similar at the various treatment levels. Meanwhile, total fruit yield of pepper, number of Egusi melon pods per hectare and the dry matter yield of Egusi melon showed significant difference. It was concluded from the study that the growth and yield of pepper and Egusi melon in intercrop increased with increase in fertilizer rate up to 400Kg/ha of NPK (15:15:15). However, higher fertilizer application rates should be explored in future studies for a better yield increase. These studies should be carried out with various compositions of inorganic and organic fertilizer application rates to ensure sustainable fertilizer application and to also preserve the natural fertility of the soil.
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Handayati, Wahyu, and Donald Sihombing. "Study of NPK fertilizer effect on sunflower growth and yield." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOLOGY AND APPLIED SCIENCE (ICOBAS). AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5115635.
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Failaka, Muhamad Fariz, Nadia Zahrotul Firdausi, Chairunnisa, and Ali Altway. "Research and development in pilot plant production of granular NPK fertilizer." In INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLICATION OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2016 (ISFAChE 2016): Proceedings of the 3rd International Seminar on Fundamental and Application of Chemical Engineering 2016. Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4982294.
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Voronchikhina, I. N., A. G. Marenkova, V. S. Rubets, and V. V. Pylnev. "Influence of mineral elements on the yield and quality of grain of the prospective line in winter tritikale." In Растениеводство и луговодство. Тимирязевская сельскохозяйственная академия, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1762-4-2020-65.
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The results of elements development of varietal agrotechnics of a new high-potential line 238h of winter triticale presented. It was identified that under the conditions of 2020 the most cost effective fertilizer system is an early spring application of NPK (S) (15-15-15 (10)) at a dose of 200kg/ha. The profitability level of this fertilizer was 88,9%.
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"Yield of sunflower affected by NPK fertilizer and available soil water content." In 2014 ASABE Annual International Meeting. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.20141894875.
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Nuryanto, Riyan, Rahmat Nurcahyo, and Farizal. "Using Failure And Repair Data For Performance Evaluation of NPK Fertilizer Production Line." In 2020 IEEE 7th International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Applications (ICIEA). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciea49774.2020.9101984.
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Kartini, Luh, and Made Yuliartini. "Mulching Technology and Giving NPK Fertilizer to Increase The Growth and Yield of Shallots." In Proceedings of the 3nd Warmadewa Research and Development Seminar, WARDS 2020, 21 December 2020, Denpasar-Bali, Indonesia. EAI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.21-12-2020.2305828.
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