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Journal articles on the topic 'NTREND'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Liu, Yan-Yun, Teruyo Nakatani, Takahiko Kogai, Kaizeen Mody, and Gregory A. Brent. "Thyroid Hormone and COUP-TF1 Regulate Kallikrein-Binding Protein (KBP) Gene Expression." Endocrinology 152, no. 3 (2011): 1143–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2010-0580.

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Kallikrein-binding protein (KBP) is a component of the kallikrein-kinin system that mediates vasodilation and inhibits tumor growth by antagonizing vascular endothelial growth factor-mediated angiogenesis. We demonstrate that KBP gene expression is repressed by T3 and modulated by the orphan nuclear receptor, chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor 1 (COUP-TF1). In hypothyroid mice, KBP mRNA expression in the testis was increased 2.1-fold compared with euthyroid mice. We have identified two negative thyroid hormone response elements (nTREs) in the mouse KBP gene, nTRE1 located

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2

Phillips, Matt. "Searching for natural Treg peptide-MHC ligands by engineering increased affinity/avidity Treg TCRs. (IRC5P.621)." Journal of Immunology 194, no. 1_Supplement (2015): 58.4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.194.supp.58.4.

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Abstract Natural Tregs (nTregs) are produced in the thymus by selection to self peptide-MHC (spMHC) complexes. There is abundant data in the literature that suggests nTreg TCRs are higher affinity for self than conventional T cells and respond to spMHC in the periphery. To date, no nTreg ligands have been found, in part, possibly because nTregs may have TCR affinities that fall somewhere between the affinties required for positive and negative selection in the thymus for conventional T cells. This implies that although nTreg TCRs may be higher affinity for self, this affinity may still be lowe

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3

Sarangi, Pranita Pragnyadipta, Susmit Suvas, Sharvan Sehrawat, Bumseok Kim, and Barry T. Rouse. "IL-10 and natural regulatory T cells: two independent anti inflammatory mechanisms in HSV induced ocular immonopathology (B63)." Journal of Immunology 178, no. 1_Supplement (2007): LB13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.178.supp.b63.

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Abstract Our past studies have shown a protective role for both CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ natural regulatory T cells (nTregs) as well as IL-10 in Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) induced Stromal Keratitis (SK). Among several other mechanisms, IL-10 has been shown to be involved in the nTreg mediated suppression. We have shown in vitro that blocking of IL-10 could partially block the Treg mediated suppression of activated effectors isolated from SK lesions. But it is not known whether in the in vivo conditions, IL-10 and nTreg influence the SK pathology independently or in concert. Interestingly, IL-10−/− anim

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Lin, Yan, and David Rothstein. "The role of Foxp3 in Treg homeostatic proliferation: Necessary for nTregs, but insufficient for iTregs. (LYM3P.734)." Journal of Immunology 192, no. 1_Supplement (2014): 64.8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.192.supp.64.8.

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Abstract NTregs exhibit higher homeostatic proliferation (HP) than Tconv which may provide a competitive advantage during Treg adoptive immunotherapy. Increased Treg HP could be 2° to a self-reactive TCR repertoire and/or Foxp3-mediated increase in survival/fitness. To address this, CFSE-labeled CD4 populations from Foxp3-reporter mice, were compared 10d after transfer into wt mice. We generated Foxp3+ iTregs by activating Tconv and adding TGFβ, or transducing with Foxp3-retrovirus (RV). iTregs did not increase HP over Tconv controls (no TGFβ; RV-vector). Thus, Foxp3 itself is not sufficient t

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Martín-Gayo, Enrique, Elena Sierra-Filardi, Angel L. Corbí, and María L. Toribio. "Plasmacytoid dendritic cells resident in human thymus drive natural Treg cell development." Blood 115, no. 26 (2010): 5366–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2009-10-248260.

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Abstract The generation of natural regulatory T cells (nTregs) is crucial for the establishment of immunologic self-tolerance and the prevention of autoimmunity. Still, the origin of nTregs and the mechanisms governing their differentiation within the thymus are poorly understood, particularly in humans. It was recently shown that conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) in human thymus were capable of inducing nTreg differentiation. However, the function of plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), the other major subset of thymic DCs, remains unknown. Here we report that pDCs resident in the human thymus, when ac

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Housley, William, Catherine Adams, Frank Nichols та ін. "TGF-β renders in vivo regulatory T cell function independent of TNF-α. (117.3)". Journal of Immunology 186, № 1_Supplement (2011): 117.3. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.186.supp.117.3.

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Abstract TNF-α plays a multifunctional role in autoimmune diseases as reflected in the variable responses of different human diseases to anti-TNF-α therapy. Recent studies have suggested that TNF-α may modulate autoimmunity partially via effects on regulatory T cells (Tregs) mediated through the type II TNF receptor (TNFR2). We have now investigated the requirement for TNFR2 in both murine natural Treg (nTreg) and induced Treg (iTreg) suppression of autoimmunity. Surprisingly, we find that TNFR2 is required for nTreg but not iTreg suppression of colitis. Abnormal TNFR2-/- nTreg function was no

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7

Di Nunzio, Sara, Massimiliano Cecconi, Laura Passerini, et al. "Wild-type FOXP3 is selectively active in CD4+CD25hi regulatory T cells of healthy female carriers of different FOXP3 mutations." Blood 114, no. 19 (2009): 4138–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2009-04-214593.

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Abstract Forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) is constitutively expressed by CD4+CD25hi regulatory T cells (nTregs). Mutations of FOXP3 cause a severe autoimmune syndrome known as immune dysregulation polyendocrinopathy enteropathy X-linked, in which nTregs are absent or dysfunctional. Whether FOXP3 is essential for both differentiation and function of human nTreg cells remains to be demonstrated. Because FOXP3 is an X-linked gene subject to X-chromosome inactivation (XCI), we studied 9 healthy female carriers of FOXP3 mutations to investigate the role of wild-type (WT) versus mutated FOXP3 in different ce

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Schmidt, Amanda, Tao Zou та Taku Kambayashi. "Diacylglycerol kinase-ζ limits natural regulatory T cell generation. (P1213)". Journal of Immunology 190, № 1_Supplement (2013): 188.9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.190.supp.188.9.

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Abstract Development of natural regulatory T cells (nTregs) is requisite to maintain central tolerance. nTregs are believed to develop after receiving strong T cell receptor (TCR) signals during T cell maturation in the thymus. This notion comes from experimental systems wherein TCR transgenic T cells adopt the Treg fate only if their cognate antigen is present in the thymus during development. However, whether strong TCR signals drive nTreg development in a polyclonal setting and the specific signaling pathways downstream of the TCR necessary for nTreg development remain elusive. In this stud

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Kelley, Todd W., Olga Efimova, Jonathan Schumacher, and Philippe Szankasi. "Contrasting Requirement for Reactive Oxygen Species for the Suppressive Function of Naturally Occurring Regulatory T Cells but Not Induced Regulatory T Cells." Blood 120, no. 21 (2012): 2146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.2146.2146.

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Abstract Abstract 2146 Background: Naturally-occurring, thymus-derived regulatory T cells (nTregs) have clinically important roles in suppression of autoimmunity and graft versus host disease but are maladaptive in the tumor microenvironment where their activity results in the suppression of anti-tumor immunity. Induced regulatory T cells (iTregs) arise in the periphery under the influence of TGF-beta and have related phenotypic features and function. However, the mechanisms by which nTregs and iTregs impart suppression remain poorly understood. We have previously shown that NADPH oxidase deri

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Zheng, Song Guo, Ling Kong, Xiaohui Zhou, et al. "atRA restores the stability and functionality of nTregs in the inflammatory milieu (96.17)." Journal of Immunology 184, no. 1_Supplement (2010): 96.17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.184.supp.96.17.

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Abstract Natural Tregs play an important role in the maintenance of immune tolerance. Recent studies revealed that nTregs are plastic and unstable when stimulated with IL-6. They can be converted into either Th1, or Th17 or Th2 cells and lose phenotypic and functional characteristics in inflammatory milieu. all-trans Retinoic Acid (atRA) not only promotes Foxp3+ cell development, but restrains Th17 cell differentiation induced by IL-6+TGF-β. We here report that addition of atRA blocked Th17 conversion from nTregs. atRA-nTregs expressed lower levels of CD126 (IL-6Rα chain) and phosphorylated ST

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Carlson, Christopher, Robert Livingston, Anna Sherwood, Cindy Desmarais, Edus Warren, and Harlan Robins. "Profiling the repertoire of TCRB usage in induced and natural Treg cells (62.5)." Journal of Immunology 186, no. 1_Supplement (2011): 62.5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.186.supp.62.5.

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Abstract In our recent research, we have found that a subset of all possible T cell receptor beta (TCRB) rearrangements is produced more frequently than expected in unrelated individuals. This subset appears to be defined by rearrangements that are near to germline, with relatively few non-templated nucleotides inserted at the V-D and D-J junctions within complementarity determining region 3. The degree of overlap between TCRB repertoire between individuals does not appear to be dramatically HLA context-dependent. Other groups have described several subsets of regulatory CD4 T cells (Treg), in

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Adriani, Marsilio, Krysten A. Jones, Toru Uchiyama, et al. "Defective inhibition of B-cell proliferation by Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein-deficient regulatory T cells." Blood 117, no. 24 (2011): 6608–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2010-12-322834.

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Abstract Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is an inherited immunodeficiency characterized by high incidence of autoantibody-mediated autoimmune complications. Such a feature has been associated with defective suppressor activity of WAS protein-deficient, naturally occurring CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells on responder T cells. However, it remains to be established whether the altered B-cell tolerance reported in WAS patients and Was knockout (WKO) mice is secondary to abnormalities in the direct suppression of B-cell function by nTreg cells or to impaired regulation of T-helper function. Becau

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McIver, Zachariah A., J. Joseph Melenhorst, Haiyun Zheng, et al. "Low Thymic Natural Regulatory T Cell Output in the Donor Is Associated with An Increased Incidence of Extensive Chronic GvHD After T Cell Depleted Matched Sibling Stem Cell Transplantation (SCT)." Blood 118, no. 21 (2011): 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.328.328.

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Abstract Abstract 328 Low CD4+ T cell counts early post-SCT are associated with a greater risk of developing chronic GVHD (cGVHD). However, the factors affecting post graft CD4+ T cell recovery are not known. Furthermore, the CD4 T cell subset correlating best with protection from cGvHD is not defined. We hypothesized that the donor immune repertoire determines CD4+ reconstitution after SCT. We studied 220 donor-recipient pairs undergoing a myeloablative matched-sibling T-cell depleted SCT for a variety of hematological malignancies including AML, ALL, CML, and MDS. Median donor and patient ag

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Brigida, Immacolata, Aisha Sauer, Silvia Selleri, et al. "Study of peripheral tolerance in ADA SCID patients after different treatments (143.36)." Journal of Immunology 184, no. 1_Supplement (2010): 143.36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.184.supp.143.36.

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Abstract Adenosine deaminase (ADA)-SCID is characterized by increased purine metabolites and severe combined immunodeficiency. Autoimmune manifestations have been observed in milder forms or after enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), and recently in patients following gene therapy (GT). nTregs have a full enzymatic machinery to generate and sustain high concentrations of extracellular adenosine and may be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity. We analyzed the frequency of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+CD127- in the peripheral blood, the methylation profile of the FoxP3 gene and the suppressive function o

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Yi, Jaeu, Jisun Jung, Sung-Wook Hong, et al. "Unregulated antigen-presenting cell activation by T cells breaks self tolerance." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 3 (2018): 1007–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1818624116.

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T cells proliferate vigorously following acute depletion of CD4+ Foxp3+ T regulatory cells [natural Tregs (nTregs)] and also when naive T cells are transferred to syngeneic, nTreg-deficient Rag1−/− hosts. Here, using mice raised in an antigen-free (AF) environment, we show that proliferation in these two situations is directed to self ligands rather than food or commensal antigens. In both situations, the absence of nTregs elevates B7 expression on host dendritic cells (DCs) and enables a small subset of naive CD4 T cells with high self affinity to respond overtly to host DCs: bidirectional T/

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Schiavon, Valérie, Sophie Duchez, Mylène Branchtein, et al. "Microenvironment tailors nTreg structure and function." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 13 (2019): 6298–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1812471116.

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Natural regulatory T cells (nTregs) ensure the control of self-tolerance and are currently used in clinical trials to alleviate autoimmune diseases and graft-versus-host disease after hematopoietic stem cell transfer. Based on CD39/CD26 markers, blood nTreg analysis revealed the presence of five different cell subsets, each representing a distinct stage of maturation. Ex vivo added microenvironmental factors, including IL-2, TGFβ, and PGE2, direct the conversion from naive precursor to immature memory and finally from immature to mature memory cells, the latest being a no-return stage. Phenoty

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Wall, Katherine Ann, Ramadan A. Ali, David R. Giovannucci, and James T. Slama. "Differences in NAADP-mediated calcium signaling between natural regulatory T cells and naive or effector T cells." Journal of Immunology 196, no. 1_Supplement (2016): 128.8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.196.supp.128.8.

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Abstract We previously showed that nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP), the most potent calcium mobilizing second messenger discovered to date, is involved in the initiation and propagation of calcium signals in naive T cells. Combining live-cell imaging and a pharmacological approach using the NAADP antagonist Ned-19, we determined a role for NAADP in proliferation and cytokine production by Th1, Th2, Th17 and CD8 effector T cells. However, natural T regulatory (nTreg) cells showed a different profile. Ned-19 did not inhibit calcium flux in Tregs in response to T cell recept

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Nygård, Maria, Nathalie Becker, Barbara Demeneix, Katarina Pettersson, and Maria Bondesson. "Thyroid hormone-mediated negative transcriptional regulation of Necdin expression." Journal of Molecular Endocrinology 36, no. 3 (2006): 517–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/jme.1.01874.

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Unliganded thyroid hormone receptors (apoTRs) repress transcription of hormone-activated genes by recruiting corepressors to the promoters. In contrast, on promoters containing so-called negative thyroid hormone response elements (nTREs), apoTRs activate transcription. A number of different molecular mechanisms have been described as to how apoTRs activate transcription varying with the target gene of the study. Here we demonstrate that thyroid hormone regulates the transcription of the Necdin gene, a developmentally regulated candidate gene for the genomic imprinting-associated neurobehaviour

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Shen, Xiaoxiong, Qiao-Ling Li, Gregory A. Brent, and Theodore C. Friedman. "Regulation of regional expression in rat brain PC2 by thyroid hormone/characterization of novel negative thyroid hormone response elements in the PC2 promoter." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 288, no. 1 (2005): E236—E245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00144.2004.

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The prohormone convertases (PCs) PC1 and PC2 are involved in the tissue-specific endoproteolytic processing of neuropeptide precursors within the secretory pathway. We previously showed that changes in thyroid status altered pituitary PC2 mRNA and that this regulation was due to triiodothyronine-dependent interaction of the thyroid hormone receptor (TR) with negative thyroid hormone response elements (nTREs) contained in a large proximal region of the human PC2 promoter. In the current study, we examined the in vivo regulation of brain PC2 mRNA by thyroid status and found that 6- n-propyl-2-th

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Feyler, Sylvia, Marie von Lilienfeld-Toal, Lee Marles, et al. "Reguatory T-Cell Subsets Demonstrate Quantitative Differences but Not Functional Abnormalities in Patients with Multiple Myeloma (MM) Compared with Healthy Controls." Blood 110, no. 11 (2007): 3511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.3511.3511.

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Abstract The immunologically hostile microenvironment of MM contributes to the limited success of immunotherapy strategies. In addition to direct tumour-induced immunosuppression, tumour cells may generate suppressor cells such as Treg cells which can profoundly suppress immune responses and induce tolerance. This study aimed to determine if Treg subsets are increased in the peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) of patients with MGUS/MM and how this correlates with increasing disease burden. PB samples from 166 patients with MGUS/MM (Newly diagnosed (ND), n=34; Plateau/low disease burden

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Ray, Avijit, Sreemanti Basu, Andrew Chan, and Bonnie Dittel. "R-Ras promotes autoimmunity through negative regulation of natural T regulatory cell numbers by inhibiting tolerogenic dendritic cell development (IRC4P.488)." Journal of Immunology 192, no. 1_Supplement (2014): 60.15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.192.supp.60.15.

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Abstract R-Ras is a member of the Ras family of small GTPases, which regulate various cellular processes including adhesion, survival, proliferation, trafficking, and cytokine production. R-Ras is expressed by immune cells and has been shown to modulate dendritic cell (DC) function in vitro. Although, higher expression of R-Ras is associated with liver autoimmunity in humans, its pathogenic mechanism is unknown. We used Rras-/- mice to identify the mechanism whereby R-Ras contributes to autoimmunity using experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model of the CNS autoimmune dise

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Baecher-Allan, Clare, Lisa Maier, Gaelle Beriou, Charles Ashley, and David Hafler. "Sa.115. IL7R and HLA-Class II selected FoxP3+ Natural Regulatory T Cells (nTregs) Represent Effector nTregs, Precursor nTregs, and Induced nTregs." Clinical Immunology 127 (January 2008): S118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2008.03.336.

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Lin, Yan, Monica Froicu, and David Rothstein. "CD45RB ligation ameliorates experimental colitis by inducing Tregs and inhibiting inflammatory Teff cells (P4206)." Journal of Immunology 190, no. 1_Supplement (2013): 48.13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.190.supp.48.13.

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Abstract In wt mice, α-CD45RB (MB23G2) treatment expands Tregs by both inducing iTregs and by enhancing homeostatic proliferation of nTregs. We examined the effect of α-CD45RB in a cell transfer model of colitis. Transfer of 3X105 CD4+Foxp3-CD45RBHi (Tconv) cells from Foxp3-reporter mice into Rag-/- mice resulted in severe colitis with 20% wt loss by 8 wks. α-CD45RB treatment (100ug; d0, 1) had no effect on number of Tconv but increased iTreg ≥ 2X in mesenteric LN (MLN), spleen, and colonic tissue. This completely prevented wt loss and decreased colitis score (at 8 wks) by 25% vs. Tconv cells

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Brand, Oliver J., Elizabeth Lieverse, Henry Leonard, Elsenoor Klaver, Lauren Schewitz-Bowers, and Louise S. Brackenbury. "Abstract 5839: Mimicking the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment: a complex primary immune cell tumor killing assay to support candidate vaccine or immunomodulator screening." Cancer Research 85, no. 8_Supplement_1 (2025): 5839. https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2025-5839.

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Recent advances in oncology vaccine strategies, from off-the-shelf to personalized approaches offer a promising new weapon in the cancer treatment arsenal. The ability of these vaccines to exploit host immunity by priming and expanding Tumor Associated Antigen (TAA)-specific T cells presents a tractable tool to eradicate cancer whilst limiting systemic toxicity. TAA-specific CD8+ T cells possess a potent capacity for tumor cell killing, and it is widely accepted that patients with higher frequencies infiltrating the tumor exhibit improved clinical outcomes. However, the complex tumor microenvi

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Shen, X., QL Li, GA Brent, and TC Friedman. "Thyroid hormone regulation of prohormone convertase 1 (PC1): regional expression in rat brain and in vitro characterization of negative thyroid hormone response elements." Journal of Molecular Endocrinology 33, no. 1 (2004): 21–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/jme.0.0330021.

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Most pro-neuropeptides are processed by the prohormone convertases, PC1 and PC2. We previously reported that changes in thyroid status altered anterior pituitary PC1 mRNA and this regulation was due to triiodothyronine (T(3))-dependent interaction of thyroid hormone receptor (TR) with negative thyroid hormone response elements (nTREs) contained in a large region of the human PC1 promoter. In this study, we demonstrated that hypothyroidism stimulated, while hyperthyroidism suppressed, PC1 mRNA levels in rat hypothalamus and cerebral cortex, but not in hippocampus. In situ hybridization was used

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Huang, Yang-Hui, Qing-Yuan Zhao, Shi Chen, et al. "Splitter trees of superconducting nanowire cryotrons for large fan-out." Applied Physics Letters 122, no. 9 (2023): 092601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0139791.

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A fan-out circuit is a basic block for scaling up digital circuits for overcoming the limited driving capability of a single logic gate. It is particularly important for superconducting digital circuits as the driving power is typically weak for having high energy efficiency. Here, we design and fabricate a fan-out circuit for a superconducting nanowire cryotron (nTron) digital circuit. A classic splitter tree architecture is adopted. To transmit switching signal and avoid crosstalk among nTrons, we introduced an “R–L–R” interface circuit. Experimentally, a two-stage splitter tree of a fan-out

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MacBeth, Morgan, Anthony Joetham, Erwin W. Gelfand, and Michaela Schedel. "Plasticity of Naturally Occurring Regulatory T Cells in Allergic Airway Disease Is Modulated by the Transcriptional Activity of Il-6." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 9 (2021): 4582. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094582.

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The impact of naturally occurring regulatory T cells (nTregs) on the suppression or induction of lung allergic responses in mice depends on the nuclear environment and the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 6 (IL-6). These activities were shown to be different in nTregs derived from wild-type (WT) and CD8-deficient mice (CD8−/−), with increased IL-6 levels in nTregs from CD8−/− mice in comparison to WT nTregs. Thus, identification of the molecular mechanisms regulating IL-6 production is critical to understanding the phenotypic plasticity of nTregs. Electrophoretic mobilit

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Stuve, Olaf, Per Soelberg-Sorensen, Thomas Leist, Yann Hyvert, Doris Damian, and Ursula Boschert. "WED 183 Cladribine tablets effects on t cell subsets in patients with early ms." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 89, no. 10 (2018): A25.2—A25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2018-abn.88.

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BackgroundBecause of the durable clinical effects of cladribine tablets 3.5 mg/kg (CT3.5) in patients with multiple sclerosis, the influence of treatment on cells with regulatory immune function is of interest.ObjectiveExamine effects on central memory; effector memory; and naturally occurring regulatory (nTregs) CD4 +T cells after first administration of CT3.5 in ORACLE-MS.MethodsPeripheral blood T-lymphocytes were immunophenotyped at baseline, and Weeks 5, 13, 24, 48 in CT3.5 treated patients (n=41). Absolute numbers and proportions of central memory (CD4+RO+CCR7+), effector memory (CD4+RO+C

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Bachy, Emmanuel, Janine Bernaud, Pascal Roy, Dominique Rigal, and Franck E. Nicolini. "The Proportion of Natural Regulatory T-Cells CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ in Chronic Phase Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia Patients Correlates with Sokal Score at Diagnosis and Is Increased during Imatinib Mesylate Treatment." Blood 110, no. 11 (2007): 2933. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.2933.2933.

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Abstract Background. Natural regulatory T cells (nTregs) are key players in immune homeostasis and protection towards autoimmunity. There is also strong evidence that Tregs are involved in the immune recognition of tumor-related antigens. However, little is known about the role of nTregs in Chronic Myelogenous leukaemia (CML), an immunogenic tumor. Aims. The aim of this study is to determine if the proportions of nTregs are significantly modified in CML patients at diagnosis or during imatinib mesylate (IM) treatment when compared to healthy counterparts, and if they correlate with prognosis f

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Gallego-Valle, Jorge, Sergio Gil-Manso, Ana Pita та ін. "Ectopic FOXP3 Expression in Combination with TGF-β1 and IL-2 Stimulation Generates Limited Suppressive Function in Human Primary Activated Thymocytes Ex Vivo". Biomedicines 9, № 5 (2021): 461. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9050461.

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Regulatory T cells (Tregs), which are characterized by the expression of the transcription factor forkhead box P3 (FOXP3), are the main immune cells that induce tolerance and are regulators of immune homeostasis. Natural Treg cells (nTregs), described as CD4+CD25+FOXP3+, are generated in the thymus via activation and cytokine signaling. Transforming growth factor beta type 1 (TGF-β1) is pivotal to the generation of the nTreg lineage, its maintenance in the thymus, and to generating induced Treg cells (iTregs) in the periphery or in vitro arising from conventional T cells (Tconvs). Here, we tes

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Zhang, Jian, Hui Guo, and Guilin Qiao. "Regulation of naturally-occurring CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cell development by E3 ubiquitin ligase Cbl-b (P1041)." Journal of Immunology 190, no. 1_Supplement (2013): 139.10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.190.supp.139.10.

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Abstract Naturally-occurring CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells ("nTregs") are involved in shutting down immune responses after they have successfully eliminated invading organisms, and also in preventing autoimmunity. CD28 costimulation is essential for the development of nTregs in thymus. E3 ubiquitin ligase Cbl-b has been shown to regulate CD28 dependence of T cell activation. Here, we report that the loss of Cbl-b partially but significantly rescues the defective development of nTregs in CD28-/- mice. This partial rescue is likely to be independent of IL-2 because treating CD28-/- mice wit

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Takami, Mariko, та Makio Iwashima. "A role of TGFβ in p53-induced CD28-dependent T cell apoptosis (168.18)". Journal of Immunology 186, № 1_Supplement (2011): 168.18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.186.supp.168.18.

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Abstract Naturally arising CD4+CD25+ Tregs (nTregs) are essential for maintaining immune homeostasis and peripheral tolerance. The balance between nTregs and conventional T cells appears to play a significant role in immune regulation. The majority of nTregs are considered to recognize antigen peptides derived from self tissues and are predicted to receive continuous antigen stimulation, but regulation of Treg growth and survival against activation-induced cell death (AICD) in vivo is not well-understood. Recently, we reported a novel form of apoptosis (p53-dependent CD28- induced T cell apopt

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Cousens, Leslie, Anne De Groot, Nader Najafian, et al. "Tregitope applications to tolerance induction in autoimmune diseases. (116.10)." Journal of Immunology 188, no. 1_Supplement (2012): 116.10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.188.supp.116.10.

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Abstract Modulation of T cell responses may contribute to the design of new approaches for the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. IVIG is one example of a therapy with this effect, and evidence is accumulating that Tregitopes (De Groot et al. Blood, 2008, 112:3303; natural T regulatory epitopes derived from IgG) provide beneficial immunomodulatory effects that parallel the effects of IVIG. In this presentation, we will provide evidence that Tregitope sequences derived from human IgG can reproduce immunomodulatory effects of IVIG in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, Tregitopes activa

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Coder, Brandon, Hongjun Wang, and Dong-Ming Su. "The age-related loss of FoxN1 and associated thymic involution leads to increased susceptibility to autoimmunity by impairing negative selection rather than influencing the generation of Tregs. (HEM4P.235)." Journal of Immunology 192, no. 1_Supplement (2014): 116.11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.192.supp.116.11.

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Abstract The thymus maintains immunotolerance to self-antigen by deleting self-reactive T cells and generating nTregs. The thymus involutes with age, which is driven by the loss of FoxN1. Thymic involution is thought to be linked with increased susceptibility to autoimmune disease. However, how the age-related loss of FoxN1 induced thymic involution impacts autoimmunity remains unclear. We used a FoxN1 cKO mouse model that mimics natural thymic involution. We found impaired negative selection in the FoxN1 cKO thymus, evidenced by an increase in the frequency of CD4 and CD8 SP thymocytes and a

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Marangoni, Francesco, Sara Trifari, Samantha Scaramuzza, et al. "WASP regulates suppressor activity of human and murine CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ natural regulatory T cells." Journal of Experimental Medicine 204, no. 2 (2007): 369–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20061334.

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A large proportion of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) patients develop autoimmunity and allergy. CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ natural regulatory T (nTreg) cells play a key role in peripheral tolerance to prevent immune responses to self-antigens and allergens. Therefore, we investigated the effect of WAS protein (WASP) deficiency on the distribution and suppressor function of nTreg cells. In WAS−/− mice, the steady-state distribution and phenotype of nTreg cells in the thymus and spleen were normal. However, WAS−/− nTreg cells engrafted poorly in immunized mice, indicating perturbed homeostasis. Moreover, W

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Swee, Lee Kim, Nabil Bosco, Bernard Malissen, Rhodri Ceredig, and Antonius Rolink. "Expansion of peripheral naturally occurring T regulatory cells by Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand treatment." Blood 113, no. 25 (2009): 6277–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2008-06-161026.

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Abstract Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (FLT3L) plays a major role in dendritic cell (DC) biology. Deficiency of FLT3L causes a dramatic decrease in DC numbers, whereas increasing its availability (by repetitive injections for 7-10 days) leads to a 10-fold increase in DC numbers. In this study, we show that FLT3L treatment indirectly leads to an expansion of peripheral naturally occurring T regulatory cells (NTregs). The FLT3L-induced increase in NTregs was still observed in thymectomized mice, ruling out the role of the thymus in this mechanism. Instead, the increased number of NTregs was

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Zheng, Song, Ya Liu, Weiqian Chen, Anping Xu, Julie Wang та Nancy Olsen. "TGF-β1-induced regulatory T cells directly suppress B cells through non-cytotoxic manner (IRC11P.423)". Journal of Immunology 194, № 1_Supplement (2015): 197.5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.194.supp.197.5.

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Abstract Methods: Naïve CD4+ T cells and B cells were isolated from C57BL/6 mice. Peripherally induced CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (itregs) was induced with IL-2 and TGF-β. The thymus-derived naturally CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (ntregs) was obtained from C57BL/6 mice. iTregs and nTregs cells were cultured with B cells for 3-5 days in vitro. The activation marker, proliferation, Annexin-V and 7-AAD expression by B cells was determined by FACS. For in vivo experiment, iTregs and nTregs cells were transferred to endogenous T cell-deleted lupus prone mice. The IgG antibody production was mea

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Pierini, Antonio, Dominik Schneidawind, Mareike Florek, et al. "Adoptive Transfer Of Ex Vivo “Educated” CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Regulatory T Cells Effectively Treats Acute Graft Versus Host Disease Preserving Graft Versus Tumor Effect." Blood 122, no. 21 (2013): 4485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.4485.4485.

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Donor derived regulatory T cells (Tregs) effectively prevent graft versus host disease (GVHD) in mouse models and in early phase clinical trials. Interleukin 2 (IL-2) therapy in patients with chronic GVHD (cGVHD) can increase Treg number and the Treg/CD4+ T cell ratio resulting in organ damage reduction and symptom relief. Less is known regarding Treg-based treatment for acute GVHD (aGVHD). In this study we evaluated the role of donor Treg cellular therapy for aGVHD treatment in well established murine models. T cell depleted bone marrow (TCD BM) from C57BL/6 mice was transplanted into lethall

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Maillard, Michel H., Vinicius Cotta-de-Almeida, Fuminao Takeshima, et al. "The Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein is required for the function of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells." Journal of Experimental Medicine 204, no. 2 (2007): 381–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20061338.

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The Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, a primary human immunodeficiency, results from defective expression of the hematopoietic-specific cytoskeletal regulator Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP). Because CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ naturally occurring regulatory T (nTreg) cells control autoimmunity, we asked whether colitis in WASP knockout (WKO) mice is associated with aberrant development/function of nTreg cells. We show that WKO mice have decreased numbers of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ nTreg cells in both the thymus and peripheral lymphoid organs. Moreover, we demonstrate that WKO nTreg cells are markedly defective i

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Zheng, Song Guo, Ye Chen, Wael Jarjour, and Julie Wang. "CD126 negative regulatory cells represents a superior Treg subset in treating autoimmune diseases." Journal of Immunology 204, no. 1_Supplement (2020): 237.5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.204.supp.237.5.

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Abstract Treg cells play an important role in maintaining immunologic homeostasis. Abnormal Treg were found in some autoimmune diseases. Infusion of natural Treg (nTreg) prevents some autoimmune disease but usually fails to treat established diseases. Several studies demonstrated nTreg could be transdifferentiated into Th17 cells and lost its function under inflammatory condition. Given IL-6 is an important inflammatory cytokine and it binds to its receptor (CD126) to exert functional role, whereas nTreg express CD126, we hypothesize that CD126− Foxp3+ cell subsets could be more stable and fun

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Ku, Manching, Shih-En Chang, Julio Hernandez та ін. "Nuclear transfer nTreg model reveals fate-determining TCR-β and novel peripheral nTreg precursors". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, № 16 (2016): E2316—E2325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1523664113.

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To study the development and function of “natural-arising” T regulatory (nTreg) cells, we developed a novel nTreg model on pure nonobese diabetic background using epigenetic reprogramming via somatic cell nuclear transfer. On RAG1-deficient background, we found that monoclonal FoxP3+ CD4+ Treg cells developed in the thymus in the absence of other T cells. Adoptive transfer experiments revealed that the thymic niche is not a limiting factor in nTreg development. In addition, we showed that the T-cell receptor (TCR) β-chain of our nTreg model was not only sufficient to bias T-cell development to

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Manz, Markus G. "Flt3L, DCs, and NTregs: team contra GVHD?" Blood 113, no. 25 (2009): 6267–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2009-03-210294.

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Ali, Haider. "Proposed Mechanisms of Suppression of B Cells by nTregs: B Cells as Targets for Suppressive Activity of nTregs." Journal of Applied Life Sciences International 3, no. 1 (2015): 15–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jalsi/2015/17458.

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Yadav, Mahesh, Cedric Louvet, Dan Davini, et al. "Phenotypic and functional characterization of adaptive regulatory T cells using a novel TCR-transgenic mouse model of EAE (152.29)." Journal of Immunology 186, no. 1_Supplement (2011): 152.29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.186.supp.152.29.

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Abstract A defect in functions of Foxp3+ CD4 T helper cells called regulatory T cells (Tregs) play Tregs results in the onset of autoimmune diseases, however the basis for these Treg defects and specific roles of nTregs and aTregs and their relative contributions in autoimmunity remain unknown. We have developed a novel mouse model (1B3) that allows for the direct study of the aTreg population, with a defined TCR specificity and autoreactive potential. 1B3 mouse when bred to RAG2-/- background developed spontaneous EAE by 2-3 weeks of age. 1B3.RAG-/- mice had significant number of Foxp3+ cells

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Zheng, Song Guo, Julie Wang, David Horwitz, Francisco Quismorio, and Ling Lu. "Critical role of all-trans retinoic acid in stabilizing human nTregs under inflammatory conditions (P5133)." Journal of Immunology 190, no. 1_Supplement (2013): 137.8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.190.supp.137.8.

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Abstract Recent studies have demonstrated that thymus-derived naturally-occurring CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (nTregs) in both human and mouse are unstable and dysfunctional in the presence of pro-inflammatory cytokines. All-trans Retinoic Acid (atRA), the active derivative of vitamin A, has been shown to regulate Treg and T effector cell differentiation. Herein, we report that atRA prevents human nTregs from converting to Th1 and/or Th17 cells and sustains their Foxp3 expression and suppressive function in vitro or in vivo following encountering with IL-1 and IL-6. Interestingly, adoptive t

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Melchor Porras, Alex D., Juan de Dios Malpartida, and Sócrates P. Muñoz Pérez. "Revisión sistemática de pruebas para obtener los parámetros geotécnicos del suelo: tendencias, alcances y limitaciones." Campus 26, no. 32 (2021): 209–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24265/campus.2021.v26n32.05.

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Blanc, Anne-Laurence, Tarun Keswani, Olivier Gorgette, et al. "Suppression of CD4+Effector Responses by Naturally Occurring CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Regulatory T Cells Contributes to Experimental Cerebral Malaria." Infection and Immunity 84, no. 1 (2015): 329–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00717-15.

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The role of naturally occurring CD4+CD25+Foxp3+regulatory T cells (nTreg) in the pathogenesis of cerebral malaria (CM), which involves both pathogenic T cell responses and parasite sequestration in the brain, is still unclear. To assess the contribution and dynamics of nTreg during the neuropathogenesis, we unbalanced the ratio between nTreg and naive CD4+T cells in an attenuated model ofPlasmodium bergheiANKA-induced experimental CM (ECM) by using a selective cell enrichment strategy. We found that nTreg adoptive transfer accelerated the onset and increased the severity of CM in syngeneic C57

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Karlsson, Fridrik, Laura Gray, Songlin Zhang, and Matthew Grisham. "Differential gene expression and suppressive properties of ex vivo-generated vs. naturally-occurring regulatory T-cells (168.25)." Journal of Immunology 186, no. 1_Supplement (2011): 168.25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.186.supp.168.25.

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Abstract We have recently reported a novel ex vivo method to convert large numbers of CD4+Foxp3- T-cells to induced regulatory T-cells (iTregs; CD4+Foxp3+) via their incubation with plate-bound CD3 mAb, IL-2, TGFβ and retinoic acid (RA) for 4 days. These iTregs possess enhanced immune-suppressive activity in vitro and in vivo when compared to naturally-occurring Tregs (nTregs; CD4+Foxp3+). The objectives of this study were to: a) quantify and compare mRNA transcripts for genes known to be associated with Treg function using flow-purified iTregs and nTregs obtained from Foxp3GFP reporter mice a

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Yurchenko, Ekaterina, Michael Tritt, Valerie Hay, Ethan M. Shevach, Yasmine Belkaid, and Ciriaco A. Piccirillo. "CCR5-dependent homing of naturally occurring CD4+ regulatory T cells to sites of Leishmania major infection favors pathogen persistence." Journal of Experimental Medicine 203, no. 11 (2006): 2451–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20060956.

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Pathogen persistence after clinical cure is a hallmark of many chronic infections. Previously, we showed that naturally occurring CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (nTreg) cells rapidly accumulate within chronic dermal sites of Leishmania major infection where they suppress anti-pathogen CD4+ T cell responses, favor parasite persistence and dermal pathology, and consequently control concomitant immunity. Here, we postulated that chemokines might direct nTreg cell homing in sites of infection and show that CD4+CD25+ nTreg cells, compared with normal CD4+ T cells, preferentially express the CCR5 chemokine

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Haddad, Rodrigo, Josiane Lilian dos Santos Schiavinato, Felipe Saldanha Saldanha-Araújo, et al. "Generation of Functional Regulatory T Cells From Umbilical Cord Blood Naïve T Cells: Potential Role of Hydroxymethylation in the Epigenetic Reprograming and Transcriptional Induction of FoxP3." Blood 120, no. 21 (2012): 4835. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.4835.4835.

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Abstract Abstract 4835 The development and functionality of CD4+CD25hi regulatory T cells (Tregs) depends on stable FoxP3 expression, a central regulator of Treg differentiation. It is believed that this is accomplished by regulatory regions in the promoter and 3 evolutionarily conserved noncoding sequences, termed CNS1, CNS2 (or TSDR) and CNS3. The activation of TCR (with anti-CD2/3/28) in CD4+CD25− naïve T cells from PBMCs, in the presence of IL-2, TGF-β and atRA, induces the generation of Foxp3+ induced regulatory T cells (iTreg). While demethylation of 5mC residues in the CNS2 is associat

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