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Journal articles on the topic 'Nuclear physics. eng'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

Solans, V., D. Rochman, H. Ferroukhi, A. Vasiliev, and A. Pautz. "Corrigendum to “Loading optimization for Swiss used nuclear fuel assemblies into final disposal canisters” [Nucl. Eng. Design 370 (2020) 110897]." Nuclear Engineering and Design 371 (January 2021): 111010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2020.111010.

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2

Huang, Dongli, and Hany Abdel-Khalik. "Corrigendum to “Modeling errors-preserving constrained sensitivity analysis” [Nucl. Eng. Design 365 (2020) 110729–110740]." Nuclear Engineering and Design 371 (January 2021): 110982. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2020.110982.

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3

Skeiker, Kamal. "The Security and Physical Protection Systems for Nuclear Facilities and Materials." Journal of King Abdulaziz University-Engineering Sciences 22, no. 1 (2011): 169–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.4197/eng.22-1.10.

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4

Röhrmoser, A. "Erratum to “Core model of new German neutron source FRM II” [Nucl. Eng. Des. 240 (2010) 1417–1432]." Nuclear Engineering and Design 240, no. 10 (October 2010): 3697. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2010.06.025.

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5

Sha, W. T., and B. T. Chao. "Corrigendum to “Novel porous media formulation for multiphase flow conservation equations” [Nucl. Eng. Des. 237 (2007) 918–942]." Nuclear Engineering and Design 238, no. 9 (September 2008): 2494. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2008.02.001.

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6

Kessler, G., W. Höbel, B. Goel, and W. Seifritz. "Corrigendum to “Potential nuclear explosive yield of reactor-grade plutonium using the disassembly theory of early reactor safety analysis” [Nucl. Eng. Des. 238 (2008) 3475–3499]." Nuclear Engineering and Design 239, no. 4 (April 2009): 830. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2008.12.002.

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7

Capps, Nathan, Yong Yan, Alicia Raftery, Zachary Burns, Tyler Smith, Kurt Terrani, Ken Yueh, Michelle Bales, and Kory Linton. "Corrigendum to “Integral LOCA fragmentation test on high-burnup fuel” [Nucl. Eng. Design (2020) 367 110811, ISN 0029-5493]." Nuclear Engineering and Design 377 (June 2021): 111197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2021.111197.

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8

Henley, E. M., and J. P. Schiffer. "Nuclear physics at the end of the century." Reviews of Modern Physics 71, no. 2 (March 1, 1999): S205—S219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/revmodphys.71.s205.

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9

Abdulmohsin, Rahman S., and Muthanna H. Al-Dahhan. "Corrigendum to “Characteristics of convective heat transport in a packed pebble-bed reactor” [Nucl. Eng. Des. 284 (2015) 143–152]." Nuclear Engineering and Design 305 (August 2016): 723. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2016.05.001.

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10

Jin, Yue, and Koroush Shirvan. "Corrigendum to “Assessment of coated cladding impact on large-break LOCA with TRACE-DAKOTA” [Nucl. Eng. Des. 374 (2021) 111036]." Nuclear Engineering and Design 377 (June 2021): 111231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2021.111231.

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11

PŁANETA, R. "PHYSICS OF HEAVY ION COLLISIONS." International Journal of Modern Physics E 15, no. 05 (July 2006): 973–1068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301306004569.

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This review article covers a variety of phenomena observed in heavy ion collisions in full range of available collisions energies. The main reaction channels characteristic of each energy domain are discussed in conjuction with existing nuclear reaction models. Methods used to extract characteristic features of hot nuclear objects are shown. Relations between properties of microscopic nuclear objects and infinite nuclear matter are presented. At the end of this review the transition between hadronic phase and the strongly interacting quark-gluon plasma is discussed.

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12

Catterou, Thomas, Victor Blanc, Guillaume Ricciardi, Stéphane Bourgeois, and Bruno Cochelin. "Corrigendum to “Non-linear damping of sodium fast reactor fuel pins: Experimental analysis and numerical modelisation” [Nucl. Eng. Des. 364 (2020) 110643]." Nuclear Engineering and Design 365 (August 2020): 110735. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2020.110735.

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13

Oliveira, A. V. S., J. D. Peña Carrillo, A. Labergue, T. Glantz, and M. Gradeck. "Corrigendum to “Mechanistic modeling of the thermal-hydraulics in polydispersed flow film boiling in LOCA conditions” [Nucl. Eng. Des. 357 (2020) 110388]." Nuclear Engineering and Design 365 (August 2020): 110746. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2020.110746.

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14

NAGAE, TOMOFUMI. "STRANGENESS NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND J-PARC." International Journal of Modern Physics E 18, no. 05n06 (June 2009): 1206–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301309013452.

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Construction of the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC), which is almost at the final stage, has been in progress under a cooperation of two institutions, KEK and Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA). The beam commissioning of the proton injector was started in the fall of 2006, and the beam was accelerated up to the design energy of 181 MeV in January, 2007. The beam was further transfered to the next proton synchrotron, and was successfully accelerated to 3 GeV at the end of October, 2007. Construction of the hadron experimental hall is completed in June, 2007, and the beam line equipment is going to be installed from the upstream part. Various experiments on strangeness nuclear physics are planned in the hadron experimental hall. Here, I introduce some of the interesting experimental programs.

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15

Chen, S. K., Y. M. Chen, and N. E. Todreas. "Corrigendum to “The upgraded Cheng and Todreas correlation for pressure drop in hexagonal wire-wrapped rod bundles” [Nucl. Eng. Des. 335 (2018) 356–373]." Nuclear Engineering and Design 340 (December 2018): 414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2018.10.009.

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16

Yeo, D. Y., and H. C. NO. "Corrigendum to “Modeling crust fracture and water ingression through crust during top-flooding strategy for corium cooling” [Nucl. Eng. Des. 342 (2019) 219–230]." Nuclear Engineering and Design 345 (April 2019): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2019.02.001.

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17

Chen, Shengli, and David Bernard. "Corrigendum to “Attenuation of atomic displacement damage in the heavy reflector of the PERLE experiment and application to EPR” [Nucl. Eng. Des. 353 (2019) 110205]." Nuclear Engineering and Design 361 (May 2020): 110562. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2020.110562.

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18

Speth, J., and N. Lyutorovich. "Many-body Green functions in nuclear physics." International Journal of Modern Physics E 26, no. 01n02 (January 2017): 1740025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301317400250.

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Many-body Green functions are a very efficient formulation of the many-body problem. We review the application of this method to nuclear physics problems. The formulas which can be derived are of general applicability, e.g., in self-consistent as well as in nonself-consistent calculations. With the help of the Landau renormalization, one obtains relations without any approximations. This allows to apply conservation laws which lead to important general relations. We investigate the one-body and two-body Green functions as well as the three-body Green function and discuss their connection to nuclear observables. The generalization to systems with pair correlations are also presented. Numerical examples are compared with experimental data.

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19

Rathke, Jerome W., Robert J. Klingler, Rex E. Gerald, Kurt W. Kramarz, and Klaus Woelk. "Toroids in NMR spectroscopy1Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Division of Chemical Sciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract W-31-109-ENG-38.12The submitted manuscript has been authored by a contractor of the U.S. Government under contract No. W-31-109-ENG-38. Accordingly, the U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes.2." Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy 30, no. 3-4 (July 1997): 209–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0079-6565(96)01037-0.

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20

Mukaimachi, N., and S. Konosu. "Erratum to “Buckling assessment procedure for large diameter vessel with local thin area subjected to combined pressure and external moment” [Nucl. Eng. Des. 239 (2009) 221–230]." Nuclear Engineering and Design 241, no. 7 (July 2011): 2627. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2011.03.027.

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21

Agee, Lance. "Comment on “Wolfgang Wulff, Critical review of conservation equations for two-phase flow in the U.S. NRC TRACE code”, Nucl. Eng. Des. (2011), doi:10.1016/j.nucengdes.2011.01.030." Nuclear Engineering and Design 241, no. 10 (October 2011): 4269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2011.07.037.

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22

Pacio, J., M. Daubner, F. Fellmoser, K. Litfin, and Th Wetzel. "Corrigendum to “Experimental study of heavy-liquid metal (LBE) flow and heat transfer along a hexagonal 19-rod bundle with wire spacers” [Nucl. Eng. Des. 301 (2016) 111–127]." Nuclear Engineering and Design 371 (January 2021): 110928. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2020.110928.

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23

Kim, Ji Hyun, and Il Soon Hwang. "Erratum to “Development of an in situ Raman spectroscopic system for surface oxide films on metals and alloys in high temperature water” [Nucl. Eng. Des. 235 (2005) 1029–1040]." Nuclear Engineering and Design 235, no. 16 (July 2005): 1773. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2005.04.001.

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24

Ming Liu, Wolfgang Kühn, Sören Lange, Shuo Yang, Johannes Roskoss, Zhonghai Lu, Axel Jantsch, et al. "A High-End Reconfigurable Computation Platform for Nuclear and Particle Physics Experiments." Computing in Science & Engineering 13, no. 2 (March 2011): 52–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcse.2010.117.

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25

Hill, I. "IDENTIFICATION OF REACTOR PHYSICS BENCHMARKS FOR NUCLEAR DATA TESTING: TOOLS AND EXAMPLES." EPJ Web of Conferences 247 (2021): 10028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202124710028.

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Measurements of reactor physics quantities aimed at identifying the reactivity worth of materials, spectral ratios of cross-sections, and reactivity coefficients have ensured reactor physics codes can accurately predict nuclear reactor systems. These measurements were critical in the absence of sufficiently accurate differential data, and underpinned the need for experiments through the 50s, 60s, 70s and 80s. Data from experimental campaigns were routinely incorporated into nuclear data libraries either through changes to general nuclear data libraries, or more commonly in the local libraries generated by a particular institution or consortium interested in accurately predicting a specific nuclear system (e.g. fast reactors) or parameters (e.g. fission gas release, yields). Over the last three decades, the model has changed. In tandem access to computing power and monte carlo codes rose dramatically. The monte carlo codes were well suited to computing k-eff, and owing to the availability of high quality criticality benchmarks and these benchmarks were increasing used to test the nuclear data. Meanwhile, there was a decline in the production of local libraries as new nuclear systems were not being built, and the existing systems were considered adequately predicted. The cost-to-benefit ratio of validating new libraries relative to their improved prediction capability was less attractive. These trends have continued. It is widely acknowledged that the checking of new nuclear data libraries is highly skewed towards testing against criticality benchmarks, ignoring many of the high quality reactor physics benchmarks during the testing and production of general-purpose nuclear data libraries. However, continued increases in computing power, methodology (GPT), and additional availability reactor physics experiments from sources such as the International Handbook of Evaluated Reactor Physics Experiments should result in better testing of new libraries and ensured applicability to a wide variety of nuclear systems. It often has not. Leveraging the wealth of historical reactor physics measurements represents perhaps the simplest way to improve the quality of nuclear data libraries in the coming decade. Resources at the Nuclear Energy Agency can be utilized to assist in interrogating available identify benchmarks in the reactor physics experiments handbook, and expediting their use in verification and validation. Additionally, high quality experimental campaigns that should be examined in validation will be highlighted to illustrate potential improvements in the verification and validation process.

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26

Hughes, Dan. "Comment on “Wolfgang Wulff, Critical review of conservation equations for two-phase flow in the U.S. NRC TRACE code”, Nucl. Eng. Des., in press, doi:10.1016/j.nucengdes.2011.01.030, http://tinyurl.com/65ltqlm." Nuclear Engineering and Design 241, no. 10 (October 2011): 4270–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2011.07.038.

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27

Durante, Marco, Yolanda Prezado, and Vincenzo Patera. "The Biophysics Collaboration for research at FAIR and other new accelerator facilities." Europhysics News 50, no. 4 (July 2019): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epn/2019403.

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Applied nuclear physics is ubiquitous in our lives, and is a field in fast and exponential growth. Biomedical application at particle accelerators are particular important, and many current accelerators in Europe built for nuclear physics (e.g. GSI in Germany, KVI in The Netherlands, GANIL in France, INFN-LNS in Italy) have intense and productive biomedical programs covering topics such as radiotherapy with charged particles and radiation protection in space [1].

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28

Cicchetti, Domenic V. "The reliability of peer review for manuscript and grant submissions: A cross-disciplinary investigation." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 14, no. 1 (March 1991): 119–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x00065675.

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AbstractThe reliability of peer review of scientific documents and the evaluative criteria scientists use to judge the work of their peers are critically reexamined with special attention to the consistently low levels of reliability that have been reported. Referees of grant proposals agree much more about what is unworthy of support than about what does have scientific value. In the case of manuscript submissions this seems to depend on whether a discipline (or subfield) is general and diffuse (e.g., cross-disciplinary physics, general fields of medicine, cultural anthropology, social psychology) or specific and focused (e.g., nuclear physics, medical specialty areas, physical anthropology, and behavioral neuroscience). In the former there is also much more agreement on rejection than acceptance, but in the latter both the wide differential in manuscript rejection rates and the high correlation between referee recommendations and editorial decisions suggests that reviewers and editors agree more on acceptance than on rejection. Several suggestions are made for improving the reliability and quality of peer review. Further research is needed, especially in the physical sciences.

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29

Ackermann, Dieter. "Nuclear structure of superheavy nuclei - state of the art and perspectives (@ S3)." EPJ Web of Conferences 193 (2018): 04013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201819304013.

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Decay spectroscopy is a powerful tool to study the low lying nuclear structure of heavy and superheavy nuclei (SHN). Single particle levels and other structure features like K isomerism, being important in the fermium-nobelium region as well as for the spherical shell stabilized SHN, can be investigated. The new separator-spectrometer combination S3, presently under construction at the new SPIRAL2 facility of GANIL, Caen, France, together with the high intensity beams of SPIRAL2’s superconducting linear accelerator (SC LINAC), will offer exciting perspectives for a wide spectrum of nuclear and atomic physics topics. The installation is designed to employ nuclear physics methods like decay spectroscopy after separation or atomic physics methods like laser spectroscopy and mass measurements. The nuclear physics studies will include particle and photon correlation studies, attacking the open questions in the field, which have been revealed in earlier studies at facilities like e.g. GSI in Darmstadt, Germany, with the velocity filter SHIP and the gas-filled separator TASCA, the cyclotron accelerator laboratory of the University of Jyväskylä, Finland, with RITU and its numerous auxiliary detection set-ups, and FLNR/JINR in Dubna with the DGFRS and VASSILISSA/SHELS separators.

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30

Heijo, Hiroko, Sora Shimogama, Shuichi Nakano, Anna Miyata, Yasuhiro Iwao, and Yuki Hara. "DNA content contributes to nuclear size control in Xenopus laevis." Molecular Biology of the Cell 31, no. 24 (November 15, 2020): 2703–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e20-02-0113.

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31

Ekberg, Christian, Teodora Retegan, Eva De Visser Tynova, Mark Sarsfield, and Janne Wallenius. "Fuel fabrication and reprocessing issues: the ASGARD project." EPJ Nuclear Sciences & Technologies 6 (2020): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjn/2019014.

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The ASGARD project (2012–2016) was designed to tackle the challenge the multi-dimensional questions dealing with the recyclability of novel nuclear fuels. These dimensions are: the scientific achievements, investigating how to increase the industrial applicability of the fabrication of these novel fuels, the bridging of the often separate physics and chemical communities in connection with nuclear fuel cycles and finally to create an ambitious education and training platform. This will be offered to younger scientists and will include a broadening of their experience by international exchange with relevant facilities. At the end of the project 27 papers in peer reviewed journals were published and it is expected that the real number will be the double. The training and integration success was evidenced by the fruitful implementation of the Travel Fund as well as the unique schools, e.g. practical and theoretical handling of plutonium.

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32

Vergados, J. D., H. Ejiri, and F. Šimkovic. "Neutrinoless double beta decay and neutrino mass." International Journal of Modern Physics E 25, no. 11 (November 2016): 1630007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301316300071.

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The observation of neutrinoless double beta decay (DBD) will have important consequences. First it will signal that lepton number is not conserved and the neutrinos are Majorana particles. Second, it represents our best hope for determining the absolute neutrino mass scale at the level of a few tens of meV. To achieve the last goal, however, certain hurdles have to be overcome involving particle, nuclear and experimental physics. Particle physics is important since it provides the mechanisms for neutrinoless DBD. In this review, we emphasize the light neutrino mass mechanism. Nuclear physics is important for extracting the useful information from the data. One must accurately evaluate the relevant nuclear matrix elements (NMEs), a formidable task. To this end, we review the recently developed sophisticated nuclear structure approaches, employing different methods and techniques of calculation. We also examine the question of quenching of the axial vector coupling constant, which may have important consequences on the size of the NMEs. From an experimental point of view it is challenging, since the life times are extremely long and one has to fight against formidable backgrounds. One needs large isotopically enriched sources and detectors with good energy resolution and very low background.

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33

Hecker, Siegfried S. "Preventing Nuclear Weapon Proliferation as Nuclear Power Expands." MRS Bulletin 33, no. 4 (April 2008): 340–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2008.69.

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Raj et al. describe the promise of nuclear energy as a sustainable, affordable, and carbon-free source available this century on a scale that can help meet the world's growing need for energy and help slow the pace of global climate change. However, the factor of millions gain in energy release from nuclear fssion compared to all conventional energy sources that tap the energy of electrons (Figure 1) has also been used to create explosives of unprecedented lethality and, hence, poses a serious challenge to the expansion of nuclear energy worldwide. Although the end of the cold war has eliminated the threat of annihilating humanity, the likelihood of a devastating nuclear attack has increased as more nations, subnational groups, and terrorists seek to acquire nuclear weapons.

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34

Steinegger, Patrick, and Robert Eichler. "Radiochemical Research with Transactinide Elements in Switzerland." CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 74, no. 12 (December 23, 2020): 924–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2020.924.

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Here, we present a review on a fundamental radiochemical research topic performed by Swiss scientists in national and international collaborations, utilizing large accelerator facilities at the Paul Scherrer Institute as well as abroad. The chemical investigation of the heaviest elements of the periodic table is a truly multidisciplinary effort, which allows scientists to venture into a variety of fields ranging from nuclear and radiochemistry to experimental and theoretical work in inorganic and physical chemistry all the way to nuclear and atomic physics. The structure and fundamental ordering scheme of all elements in the periodic table, as established more than 150 years ago, is at stake: The ever increasing addition of new elements at the heavy end of the periodic table together with a growing influence of relativistic effects, raises the question of how much periodicity applies in this region of the table. Research on the heaviest chemical elements requires access to large heavy-ion accelerator facilities as well as to rare actinide isotopes as target materials. Thus, this scientific area is inevitably embedded in joint international efforts. Its fundamental character ensures academic relevance and thereby substantially contributes to the future of nuclear sciences in Switzerland.

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35

Yan, Huiping, and Susan Yatabe. "CASE STUDIES OF NUCLEAR RESEARCH SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT." CNL Nuclear Review 8, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 35–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.12943/cnr.2017.00013.

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Experimental and operational data are valuable assets for the field of nuclear science and technology. It is very important to develop software tools to assist scientists to manage the data effectively and to conveniently access and share the data. This paper presents 5 case studies on software development pertaining to topical areas such as nuclear fuel performance, waste management, biological research, reactor physics, and chemistry analysis at Canadian Nuclear Laboratories (CNL). Each case study illustrates the design and development of the database and user interface for its target research area and end users. While datasets based on flat files are still used in reactor physics studies, full-scale relational databases are developed for most of the other studies. The user interfaces developed for these areas include web applications, desktop applications, and mobile applications. These software tools have become essential parts of the research activities at CNL.

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36

Taleyarkhan, Rusi P. "Monitoring Neutron Radiation in Extreme Gamma/X-Ray Radiation Fields." Sensors 20, no. 3 (January 23, 2020): 640. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20030640.

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The monitoring of neutron radiation in extreme high ≈1014 (#/cm2-s) neutron/photon fields and at extremely-low (≈10−3 #/cm2-s) levels poses daunting challenges—important in fields spanning nuclear energy, special nuclear material processing/security, nuclear medicine (e.g., photon-based cancer therapy), and high energy (e.g., dark-matter) research. Variably proportioned (neutron, gammas, X-ray) radiation, spanning 10−2–109 eV in energy, is omnipresent from ultra-low (Bq) activity levels (e.g., cosmic rays/ bananas), to extreme high (>1020 Bq) levels. E.g., in nuclear reactor cores; in spent nuclear fuel bearing nuclear-explosive-relevant safeguard-sensitive isotopes, such as Pu-239; and in cancer therapy accelerators. The corresponding high to low radiation dose range spans a daunting 1016:1 spread—alongside ancillary challenges such as high temperatures, pressure, and humidity. Commonly used neutron sensors get readily saturated even in modest (<1 R/h) photon fields; importantly, they are unable to decipher trace neutron radiation relative to 1014 times greater gamma radiation. This paper focuses on sensing ultra-low to high neutron radiation in extremely high photon (gamma-X ray) backgrounds. It summarizes the state-of-art compared to the novel tensioned metastable fluid detector (TMFD) sensor technology, which offers physics-based 100% gamma-blind, high (60–95%) intrinsic efficiency for neutron-alpha-fission detection, even under extreme (≈103 R/h) gamma radiation.

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37

Martin-Rengel, M. A., J. Ruiz-Hervías, F. J. Gómez, L. Caballero, and A. Valiente. "Efecto de los hidruros en el comportamiento mecánico de vainas de zircaloy de combustible nuclear en dirección anular." Revista de Metalurgia 45, no. 4 (August 30, 2009): 287–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/revmetalm.0831.

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38

Dagbjartsson, S. "Decommissioning of back-end nuclear facilities." Kerntechnik 70, no. 1-2 (February 2005): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/124.100229.

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39

D’Auria, F., N. Aksan, and H. Glaeser. "Physical Phenomena in Nuclear Thermal Hydraulics and Current Status." Tecnica Italiana-Italian Journal of Engineering Science 65, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ti-ijes.650101.

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116 nuclear Thermal-Hydraulic Phenomena T-HP are identified in the present paper, following documents issued during the last three decades by the Committee on the Safety of Nuclear Installations of Nuclear Energy Agency of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD/NEA/CSNI) and by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). The derived T-HP list includes consideration of experiments performed in Separate Effect Test (SET) and Integral Effect Test (IET) facilities relevant to reactor coolant system and containment of Water Cooled Nuclear Reactors (WCNR). We consider a dozen WCNR types: Pressurized Water Reactors (PWR), Boiling Water Reactors (BWR), Russian reactors (VVER-440, VVER-1000 and RBMK), pressure tube heavy water reactors by Canada (CANDU) and India (PHWR) and so-called ‘advanced’ reactors (e.g. AP-1000 and APR-1400 designed in US and Korea, respectively). We envisage a variety of applications for the T-HP list. Four of the phenomena are helpful to characterize the current state of art in nuclear thermal-hydraulics: Counter Current Flow Limitation (CCFL), Critical Heat Flux (CHF), reflood and Two-Phase Critical Flow (TPCF). Furthermore, the T-HP identification contributes to addressing the scaling issue, performing uncertainty evaluations, developing constitutive equations and ‘special models’ in codes and prioritizing the research.

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40

Santhanam, V., and J. Sobhanadri. "Nuclear Quadrupole Coupling Constant and Conformational Studies." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 41, no. 1-2 (February 1, 1986): 166–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1986-1-224.

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A molecular conformation study on three 3-monosubstituted derivatives of propene has beencarried out by evaluating the EFG at the site of the halogen nucleus using a semi-empiricalLCAO-MO-SCF method. Calculations are performed on several conformers at INDO andCNDO level, using “sp” and “spd” valence basis sets, with Slater type orbitals as the basisfunctions. The results obtained for various conformers indicate that the nuclear quadrupolecoupling constant is practically independent of the orientation of the CH2X group (X = Cl, Brand I) (Figure 1). The mean value of e2 Qqzz/h (averaged over all conformers) in each systemmatches favourably with the experimental value, despite the severe approximations that areinherent in the semi-empirical theory as well as in its application in the evaluation of the EFG.

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41

Dong, Shuan, Kazuhiko Yamada, and Gang Wu. "Oxygen-17 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Organic Solids." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 55, no. 1-2 (February 1, 2000): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2000-1-205.

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We report solid-state 17O NMR determinations of the oxygen chemical shift (CS) and electric field gradient (EFG) tensors for a series of 17O-enriched organic compounds containing various functional groups. In several cases, analysis of the n O magic-angle-spinning (MAS) and static NMR spectra yields both the magnitude and relative orientations of the 17O CS and EFG tensors. We also demonstrate the feasibility of solid-state 17O NMR as a potentially useful technique for studying molecular structure and hydrogen bonding.

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42

Miley, George H. "Overview of nuclear-pumped lasers." Laser and Particle Beams 11, no. 3 (September 1993): 575–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600005231.

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The first demonstration of a nuclear-pumped laser (NPL) dates back to the mid-1970s while theoretical studies started earlier. This history will be briefly reviewed, followed by a discussion of the present status of various NPL concepts. Both physics and engineering issues are noted. Most attention has been given to gaseous media due to problems associated with radiation damage in liquid- and solid-state media. Various pumping methods, ranging from direct pumping of the laser medium to the use of nuclear-pumped flashlamps, will be discussed. Recent experimental results on pumping of O2(1Δ), the first demonstration of a nuclear-pumped flashlamp-driven laser XeBr*-I, and the new 3He-Ne-H2 NPL will be presented. Potential applications and corresponding NPL requirements, e.g., the long delay time requirements for an inertial fusion driver based upon NPLs, will be reviewed.

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Manring, C. A., and A. I. Hawari. "DEVELOPMENT OF NEURAL THERMAL SCATTERING (NeTS) MODULES FOR REACTOR MULTI-PHYSICS SIMULATIONS." EPJ Web of Conferences 247 (2021): 20004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202124720004.

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Modern multi-physics codes, often employed in the simulation and development of thermal nuclear systems, depend heavily on thermal neutron interaction data to determine the space-time distribution of fission events. Therefore, the computationally expensive analysis of such systems motivates the advancement of thermal scattering law (TSL) data delivery methods. Despite considerable improvements on past strategies, current implementations are limited by trade-offs between speed, accuracy, and memory allocation. Furthermore, many of these implementations are not easily adaptable to additional input parameters (e.g., temperature), relying instead on various interpolation schemes. In this work, a novel approach to this problem is demonstrated with a neural network trained on beryllium oxide thermal scattering data generated by the FLASSH nuclear data code of the Low Energy Interaction Physics (LEIP) group at North Carolina State University. Using open-source deep learning libraries, this approach maps a unique functional form to the S(α,β,T) probability distribution function, providing a continuous representation of the TSL across the input phase space. For a given material, the result is a highly accurate, neural thermal scattering (NeTS) module that enables rapid sampling and execution with minimal memory requirements. Moreover, extension of the NeTS phase space to other parameters of interest (e.g., pressure, radiation damage) is highly possible. Consequently, NeTS modules for different materials under various conditions can be stored together in material “lockers” and accessed on-the-fly to generate problem specific cross-sections.

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Tlusty, David. "Strangeness at Intermediate Baryon Density." EPJ Web of Conferences 171 (2018): 02002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817102002.

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Exploration of the QCD phase diagram has been one of the main programs of contemporary nuclear physics. The intermediate baryon density region covers a broad range of the baryon chemical potential, between 100 and 700 MeV, and is expected to include a possible critial point at the end of a phase equilibrium curve between the hadron gas and quark gluon plasma phases. Experimental programs at the SPS and RHIC facilities have provided valuable insights in this range. These proceedings motivate the exploration of the QCD phase diagram through the use of strangeness. A selection of relevant experimental results from RHIC and SPS beam energy scan programs with associated theoretical predictions is presented along with a discussion of possible physical conclusions and future plans.

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Cook, Desmond C. "Measurement of Nuclear Quadrupole Interactions using Mössbauer Spectroscopy." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 51, no. 5-6 (June 1, 1996): 368–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1996-5-610.

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Abstract Mössbauer spectroscopy is a useful probe for investigating nuclear quadrupole interactions. It enables the magnitude, sign and asymmetry of the electric quadrupole coupling constant to be determined. It is especially important for its ability to measure these parameters for excited nuclear states. The Mössbauer effect is used to measure excited state quadrupole moments in materials whose electric field gradient (EFG) is known. More commonly however, it is used to determine the EFG from which atomic bonding and electronic structure are determined. The technique also allows temperature dependent orientation of sublattice magnetization to be measured using the direction of the electric quadrupole coupling as a reference.

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46

Talou, Patrick. "Evaluating nuclear data and their uncertainties." EPJ Nuclear Sciences & Technologies 4 (2018): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjn/2018032.

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In the last decade or so, estimating uncertainties associated with nuclear data has become an almost mandatory step in any new nuclear data evaluation. The mathematics needed to infer such estimates look deceptively simple, masking the hidden complexities due to imprecise and contradictory experimental data and natural limitations of simplified physics models. Through examples of evaluated covariance matrices for the soon-to-be-released U.S. ENDF/B-VIII.0 library, e.g., cross sections, spectrum, multiplicity, this paper discusses some uncertainty quantification methodologies in use today, their strengths, their pitfalls, and alternative approaches that have proved to be highly successful in other fields. The important issue of how to interpret and use the covariance matrices coming out of the evaluated nuclear data libraries is discussed.

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Dranga, Ruxandra, Laura Blomeley, and Rebecca Carrington. "AN MCNP PARAMETRIC STUDY OF GEORGE C. LAURENCE'S SUBCRITICAL PILE EXPERIMENT." AECL Nuclear Review 3, no. 2 (December 1, 2014): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.12943/anr.2014.00037.

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In the early 1940s at the National Research Council (NRC) Laboratories in Ottawa, Canada, Dr. George Laurence conducted several experiments to determine if a sustained nuclear fission chain reaction in a carbon–uranium arrangement (or “pile”) was possible. Although Dr. Laurence did not achieve criticality, these pioneering experiments marked a significant historical event in nuclear science, and they provided a valuable reference for subsequent experiments that led to the design of Canada’s first heavy-water reactors at the Chalk River Nuclear Laboratories. This paper summarizes the results of a recent collaborative project between Atomic Energy of Canada Limited and the Deep River Science Academy undertaken to numerically explore the experiments carried out at the NRC Laboratories by Dr. Laurence, while teaching high school students about nuclear science and technology. In this study, a modern Monte Carlo reactor physics code, MCNP6, was utilized to identify and study the key parameters impacting the subcritical pile’s neutron multiplication factor (e.g., moderation, geometry, material impurities) and quantify their effect on the extent of subcriticality. The findings presented constitute the first endeavour to model, using a current computational reactor physics tool, the seminal experiment that provided the foundation of Canada’s nuclear science and technology program.

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Hall, G. "Recent progress in front end ASICs for high-energy physics." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 541, no. 1-2 (April 2005): 248–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2005.01.064.

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49

Stockinger, Kurt, Kesheng Wu, Rene Brun, and Philippe Canal. "Bitmap indices for fast end-user physics analysis in ROOT." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 559, no. 1 (April 2006): 99–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2005.11.127.

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50

DE, BHASKAR, S. BHATTACHARYYA, and P. GUPTAROY. "ANTIDEUTERON PRODUCTION AND THE PHYSICS OF COALESCENCE: IMPLICATIONS OF A NEW APPROACH." International Journal of Modern Physics E 11, no. 05 (October 2002): 387–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301302000946.

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Within the framework of coalescence model, the problem of antideuteron [Formula: see text] production in some high energy nuclear collisions has here been studied with the help of a new combination of models (NCM) outlined in some detail in the text. The totality of the approach, including one useful parametrization, adopted here leads us to obtain finally some theoretical results which are modestly in agreement with the measured data on various aspects of antideuteron production in both Pb + Pb and Au + Au collisions at moderately high energies. The implications of all this are discussed at the end of the paper.

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