Relevant bibliographies by topics / Nuclear quadrupole moment

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Nuclear quadrupole moment'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Nuclear quadrupole moment"

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Barone, Giampaolo, Remigius Mastalerz, Markus Reiher, and Roland Lindh. "Nuclear Quadrupole Moment of119Sn." Journal of Physical Chemistry A 112, no. 7 (February 2008): 1666–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp710388t.

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Bieroń, Jacek, Ian P. Grant, and Charlotte Froese Fischer. "Nuclear quadrupole moment of scandium." Physical Review A 56, no. 1 (July 1, 1997): 316–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.56.316.

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Cederberg, J., D. Olson, J. Larson, G. Rakness, K. Jarausch, J. Schmidt, B. Borovsky, P. Larson, and B. Nelson. "Nuclear electric quadrupole moment of6Li." Physical Review A 57, no. 4 (April 1, 1998): 2539–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.57.2539.

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Brix, Peter. "Fifty Years of Nuclear Quadrupole Moments." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 41, no. 1-2 (February 1, 1986): 2–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1986-1-203.

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On March 2, 1935 Hermann Schiller and Theodor Schmidt reported the first experimental evidence of non-spherical nuclei. From careful hyperfine structure studies of several Eu I-lines, they had shown that the hyperfine components of 151Eu and 153Eu did not follow the Lande interval rule exactly. Since the deviations were larger for 153Eu with the smaller magnetic moment, level perturbations were ruled out. This led to the conclusion of nuclear quadrupole moments. The theory was published June 1, 1935 by Hendrik B. G. Casimir. Nuclear deformations are playing a decisive role in modern nuclear structure physics. For solid state physics, spectroscopic quadrupole moments are very useful, since they probe the electric field gradient at the nuclei.This review presents the discovery of 1935 in historical context: 1. Early measurements of nuclear radii. 2. Discovery of nuclear quadrupole moments. 3. Spectroscopic quadrupole moments (absolute measurements; relative hyperfine data, europium revisited). 4. Intrinsic quadrupole moments (discovery from isotope shifts; present status, samarium revisited). 5. Charge distribution of deformed nuclei.
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Kellö, Vladimir, Andrzej J. Sadlej, and Pekka Pyykkö. "The nuclear quadrupole moment of 45Sc." Chemical Physics Letters 329, no. 1-2 (October 2000): 112–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0009-2614(00)00946-5.

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Belpassi, Leonardo, Francesco Tarantelli, Antonio Sgamellotti, Harry M. Quiney, Joost N. P. van Stralen, and Lucas Visscher. "Nuclear electric quadrupole moment of gold." Journal of Chemical Physics 126, no. 6 (February 14, 2007): 064314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2436881.

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Stopkowicz, Stella, Lan Cheng, Michael E. Harding, Cristina Puzzarini, and Jürgen Gauss. "The bromine nuclear quadrupole moment revisited." Molecular Physics 111, no. 9-11 (May 30, 2013): 1382–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00268976.2013.796072.

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Santiago, Régis Tadeu, Tiago Quevedo Teodoro, and Roberto Luiz Andrade Haiduke. "The nuclear electric quadrupole moment of copper." Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 16, no. 23 (2014): 11590–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cp00706a.

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A new nuclear electric quadrupole moment was determined for the63Cu nucleus by means of a linear regression analysis of experimental nuclear electric quadrupole constants against electric field gradients obtained from relativistic calculations at several levels, which suggests a revision of the currently accepted standard value for this property.
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Yakobi, Hana, Ephraim Eliav, and Uzi Kaldor. "The nuclear quadrupole moment of 69Ga and 115In." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 87, no. 7 (July 2009): 802–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v09-017.

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Electric field gradients at the nuclei of gallim and indium are determined by finite field calculations of the atomic energies as functions of the nuclear quadrupole moments. The four-component Dirac–Coulomb–Gaunt Hamiltonian serves as framework, and all electrons are correlated by Fock-space coupled cluster with single and double excitations or by single reference coupled cluster with approximate triples. Large, converged basis sets (e.g., 28s24p20d13f5g4h for In) and virtual spaces are used. Together with experimental nuclear quadrupole coupling constants, known with high precision, the calculated electric field gradients yield the nuclear quadrupole moments. For 69Ga, we get Q = 174(3) mb, in agreement with the earlier 171(2) mb obtained from molecular calculations. The 115In moment is Q = 772(5) mb, considerably lower than the previously accepted 810 mb, and in good agreement with the recent molecular value of 770(8) mb.
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Ohya, S., S. Suzuki, K. Nishimura, and N. Mutsuro. "The nuclear magnetic moments of184,185Ir and the quadrupole moment of185Ir." Journal of Physics G: Nuclear Physics 14, no. 3 (March 1988): 365–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4616/14/3/012.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Nuclear quadrupole moment"

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He, Yanjie. "Rotational band structures in '1'2'9La and quadrupole moment of the highly deformed band in '1'3'1Ce." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303733.

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Mavela, Lihleli. "Determination of the Spectroscopic Quadrupole moment of the first 2+ excited state in 32S." University of the Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7334.

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>Magister Scientiae - MSc
In this work we have determined the spectroscopic or static quadrupole moment of the rst excited state (QS (2+1) lying at 2230.6 keV in 32S using the reorientation e ect. The Coulomb-excitation experiment at safe bombarding energies was performed at iThemba LABS's AFRODITE vault, where 32S beams at 120.3 MeV were bombarded onto a 194Pt target of 1 mg/cm2 thickness. The beam energy has been chosen such that the separation between nuclear surfaces is greater than 6.5 fm at all scattering angles, in order to avoid nuclear interactions. A double-sided CD-type S3 silicon detector, with 24 rings and 32 sectors, has been placed upstream (at backward angles) to detect the scattered particles. Gamma rays have been detected with the AFRODITE clover array. This particle-gamma coincidence experiment allows for an angular distribution and Doppler correction of the gamma rays emitted at 9% the speed of light. The cross sections (or gamma-ray integrated yields) measured as a function of scattering angle at backward angles are sensitive to second-order perturbation e ects in Coulomb excitation, i.e., diagonal matrix elements which are directly related to the spectroscopic quadrupole moment. The gamma-ray integrated yields obtained from this experiment are compared with the GOSIA simulations, yielding a new measurement of QS (2+1) = 􀀀0:10 0:7 eb, which corresponds to a prolate shape in the intrinsic frame of the nucleus. The uncertainty of this measurement is limited by statistics. This result agrees with previous measurements and con rms the zig zag of shapes at the end of the sd shell when approaching the doubly-magic nucleus 40Ca. Nonetheless, the mystery continues as a prolate shape for the rst 2+ disagrees with modern theoretical mean- eld calculations and the pairing coupling model.
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Six, Joseph. "New MRI contrast agents through spin exchange optical pumping of noble gases with a nuclear electric quadrupole moment." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/14118/.

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Hyperpolarized 83Kr has previously demonstrated MRI contrast that is sensitive to the chemical composition of the surface in a porous model system. One-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of hyperpolarized 83Kr has also revealed distinctive longitudinal relaxation times from selected regions of an ex vivo rat lung originating from differences in surface to volume ratio. However, at the time, MRI using longitudinal relaxation for contrast was not attempted due to limited signal intensities. Methodological advances of the spin exchange optical pumping process have led to a substantial increase in the 83Kr hyperpolarization and the resulting signal intensity. This methodology originates from a below-ambient pressure hyperpolarization technique explored and developed in this work. Using the improved methodology for spin exchange optical pumping of isotopically enriched 83Kr has resolved anatomical details of ex vivo rodent lungs using hyperpolarized 83Kr MRI for the first time. Different 83Kr longitudinal relaxation times were found between the main bronchi and the parenchymal regions of the lung. The T1 weighted hyperpolarized 83Kr MRI provided the first demonstration of surface quadrupolar relaxation pulmonary MRI contrast. Novel hyperpolarization techniques of 129Xe have also been explored resulting a study into the combustion process of methane. Using 129Xe as a probe into the combustion process permitted the first in situ MRI of combustion and enabled spatial-velocity profiles.
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Santiago, Régis Tadeu. "Novas parametrizações de funcionais híbridos para uso em cálculos relativísticos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75134/tde-27012015-093530/.

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A química computacional apresenta a grande vantagem de prover informações fundamentais para espécies moleculares propostas, antes mesmo de sua síntese em laboratório. A Teoria do Funcional da Densidade é bastante utilizada nesta área, produzindo resultados satisfatórios para um grande número de propriedades e sistemas, mas com uma menor demanda por recursos computacionais que métodos mais avançados. Entretanto, o desenvolvimento de funcionais que incluem efeitos relativísticos ainda se encontra num estágio inicial. Em geral, tais efeitos são importantes em compostos de átomos pesados, embora devam ser considerados também em sistemas com átomos mais leves se a propriedade em estudo for particularmente sensível, como é o caso do gradiente de campo elétrico na posição de núcleos em moléculas. Assim, na primeira etapa desta dissertação foi avaliado o desempenho de funcionais comuns de troca-correlação não relativísticos, quando utilizados em conjunto com o formalismo de quatro componentes (tratamento relativístico), no estudo dos gradientes de campo elétrico em núcleos de átomos (índio, antimônio, iodo, lutécio e háfnio) constituindo moléculas diatômicas. Foram investigados funcionais baseados nas aproximações da densidade local e do gradiente generalizado, funcionais híbridos e que incluem correções em termos da atenuação com a distância. Nossos resultados, que estão em acordo com observações da literatura, ressaltam o melhor desempenho de funcionais híbridos e com correções de atenuação para esta propriedade e demonstram a importância do uso do método indireto. Posteriormente, foi feita uma nova parametrização de alguns dos melhores funcionais não relativísticos selecionados na etapa anterior (B3LYP, PBE0 e CAM-B3LYP), dentro do formalismo de quatro componentes, para uso no cálculo destes mesmos gradientes num grupo teste de átomos (cobre, iodo, lantânio e ouro) em moléculas lineares. Nestes casos, os funcionais modificados propostos tiveram um bom desempenho geral e foram particularmente bem sucedidos para cobre e ouro. Finalmente, é possível destacar o funcional híbrido PBE0 e sua modificação, proposta neste estudo, por conta de seu desempenho excelente, tanto para os metais como para os demais elementos que tiveram seus EFGs investigados aqui.
The computational chemistry has the great advantage of providing fundamental information for proposed molecular species even before their synthesis in laboratory. The Density Functional Theory is widely used in this area, producing satisfactory results for a large number of properties and systems, but with a lower demand for computational resources than that of more advanced methods. However, the development of functionals that include relativistic effects is still at an early stage. In general, these effects are important in compounds containing heavy elements, but they must also be considered in systems of lighter atoms if the studied property was particularly sensitive, as occurs for the electric field gradient at the position of nuclei in molecules. Thus, the first step of this dissertation was to evaluate the performance of common non-relativistic exchange-correlation functionals when used in conjunction with the four component formalism (relativistic treatment) in the study of electric field gradients at the nuclei of atoms (indium, antimony, iodine, lutetium and hafnium) forming diatomic molecules. Functionals based on the local density approximation and generalized gradient approximation, hybrid functionals and the ones that include attenuation corrections were investigated. Our results, which are in agreement with observations in the literature, highlight the best performance of hybrid functionals and attenuation corrections for this property and demonstrate the importance of using the indirect approach. Subsequently, there was a new parameterization of some of the best non-relativistic functionals selected in the previous step (B3LYP, PBE0 and CAM - B3LYP) within the four component formalism for calculations of these same gradients in a trial group of atoms (copper, iodine, lanthanum and gold) into linear molecules. In these cases, the modified functionals proposed had a satisfactory overall performance and were particularly successful for copper and gold. Finally, it is possible to mention the excellent performance of the hybrid functional PBE0 and its modification proposed in this study for both metals and the other elements that had their EFGs investigated here.
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Silva, Marcos Antonio da. "Estudo de compostos LiMePO4 (Me=Mg, Co, Ni) através de Ressonância Magnética Nuclear." Universidade de São Paulo, 2000. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/88/88131/tde-13032014-112117/.

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Nesta dissertação é apresentado um estudo dos compostos Li1-3xMgFexPO4 através de Ressonância Magnética Nuclear (7Li e 31P), no intervalo de temperatura de 150 a 410 K. Estudos desses compostos através de técnicas de difração de elétrons e efeito Mossbauer confirmam que os íons Fe entram na rede cristalina na forma Fe3+, substituindo os íons Li+. O comportamento dos espectros de RMN, dos tempos de relaxação spin-rede e da susceptibilidade magnética dos núcleos 7Li e 31P em função da temperatura, em conjunto com medidas de condutividade iônica, indicam que, mesmo com a adição de impurezas Fe3+ na rede, os íons Li+ pouca mobilidade dentro do intervalo de temperatura utilizado.
This work reports a 7Li and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance study in the Li1-3xMgFexPO4 phases between 150 and 410 K. This study, complementary to those made using Mössbauer and magnetic neutron diffraction experiments, confirms that the Fe3+ ions enter as in the lattice, and that they enter substituting Li ions. The behavior of the 7Li e 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, together with ionic conductivity measurements, show that no Li mobility occurs in temperature range studied even with the addition of the Fe impurity.
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Kliewer, Marcus. "Método de Espectroscopia de Mistura de Níveis para Medida de Momentos de Quadrupolo Nucleares." Universidade de São Paulo, 1999. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43131/tde-16022011-194341/.

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Momentos de quadrupólo elétricos de estados isoméricos nucleares com vidas médias entre 10 nanosegundos e 100 milisegundos podem ser medidos com o método Espectroscopia de Mistura de Níveis (Level Mixing Spectroscopy- LEMS), utilizando campos magnéticos variáveis aplicados em núcleos implantados em materiais hospedeiros que possuam gradientes de campo elétrico. O Campo magnético externo pode ser substituido pelo campo hiperfino de materiais ferromagnéticos e sua variação poderia ser controlada variando a temperatura. O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar a viabilidade desta substituição. Implementamos o método LEMS no Laboratório Pelletron usando como caso teste o estado isomérico de 398 KeV do 69Ge que possui todas as suas propriedades nucleares conhecidas (meia vida, spin, momento magnético, momento de quadrupolo elétrico). Ele foi produzido pela reação 56Fe(16O, 2pn)69Ge com o feixe de 16O à 53 MeV (LAB) de energia, e depois implantado em Gadolínio que é ferromagnético abaixo de Tc = 289K. Medimos a anisotropia da radiação gama emitida por esse núcleo em função da temperatura. A comparação entre as medidas da anisotropia em função da temperatura, com medidas da anisotropia em função do campo magnético externo, feita pelo grupo de Leuven/Bélgica, nos levou a duas interpretações possíveis. Na primeira, supondo a interação elétrica constante e independente da temperatura, obtemos um campo magnético hiperfino anômalo para o Gd. Na segunda análise, obtivemos o campo hiperfino variando linearmente com a magnetização, admitindo gradientes de campo elétrico dependentes da temperatura. Medidas futuras usando monocristal de Gd poderão resolver esta ambiguidade, bem como medidas TDPAD (Time Diferencial Perturbed Angular Distribuition) em função da temperatura, na qual se mede diretamente o campo hiperfino.
The Level Mixing Spectroscopy method allows to measure the eletric quadrupole moments of high spin isomeric nuclear states (10ns < t < 100ms) produced in nuclear reactions. The magnetic interaction is usualy created by an intense external magnetic field. The eletric quadrupole interaction can be created by recoi-implantation of the nuclei in non-cub crystals, used as hosts. The external magnetic field can then be replaced by the hiperfine fields of ferromagnetic materials, controling its intensity by temperature variation. The purpose of the research performed for this work is to verify the viability of this replacement. We adapt the LEMS method to be used in the Pelletron Laboratory. We choose the isomeric state at 398 KeV exitation energy in the 69Ge nucleus as a test case, because it has all nuclear properties well known (half-life, spin, magnetic moment, eletric quadrupole moment). It was produced by the 56Fe(16O, 2pn)69Ge reaction, with a 16O beam at 53 MeV, and implanted and stopped in a Gadolinium host, which is a ferromagnet from low temperatures up to Tc=289 K. We measure the anisotropy of the emitted gama ray as a function of the temperature of the host. The comparison of this measurement with another of the anisotropy as a function of an external magnetic field strength, done by the Leuven/Belgium group, show us two possibilities. In the first, we suppose that the eletric interaction is cosntant and independent of temprature and we obtain an anomalous magnetic hyperfine field for Gd. In the second one, we obtain a hyperfine field that follows the magnetization if we assume eletric field gradientes that are temperature dependent. New measurements by using Gd monocrystal and the TDPAD (Time Diferencial Perturbed Angular Distribution) method may solve this ambiguity.
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Forbes, Sally Ann. "Quadrupole moments of the superdeformed bands in '1'3'3Nd and '1'4'3Eu." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316632.

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Poulin, Neal M. "Deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance in model membrane systems : an investigation of the interaction of a synthetic, amphiphilic polypeptide with charged lipids." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/24898.

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The theory of the quadrupole interaction in nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and relaxation measurements is presented in detail, with applications to ²H-NMR studies of order and dynamics in bilayers of deuterated lipids. Investigations of lipid-protein interactions in reconstituted membrane systems and intact biological membranes are reviewed. An experimental program is described which uses a synthetic amphiphilic polypeptide, with known geometry and variable length, to isolate questions about the geometrical interpretation of orientational order in lipid-protein interactions. A report is presented of an investigation of the effects of this polypeptide, Lys₂-Gly-Leu₂₀-Lys₂-Ala-amide, on the mixed bilayer system: Dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine Di-per-deuterio-myristoylphosphatidic Acid. The addition of the peptide was found to have little effect (≤5%) on the first and second moments of the distribution of quadrupole splittings in the liquid crystalline phase. Similarly, the spin-lattice relaxation time constants were affected by ≤10% in the liquid crystalline phase. The time constant for the decay of the quadrupole echo decreased dramatically above the phase transition with the addition of peptide, a phenomenon which is explained in terms of the presence of a new slow motion in the lipid-peptide systems. A simple model of the slow motion induced by the peptide is proposed, in which the lipid molecules undergo a rapid exchange between boundary and bulk sites. An effective correlation time is determined from an average over the rotations on each of these sites. Using this model, estimates are made of the change in the second moment brought about by the onset of the rotations, and. of the number of binding sites on the peptide. These estimates are found to be in agreement with independent measurements of the change in the second moment, and the number of binding sites is within the range predicted by simple considerations of charge balance. The change in the lineshape with the variation of the spacing of the pulses in the quadrupole echo experiment was investigated, and it was determined that the transverse relaxation time constants have a slight orientation dependence. It was also determined that the addition of the peptide has no significant effect on the variation of the lineshape. Some experiments which could answer some of the questions raised by these results are suggested.
Science, Faculty of
Physics and Astronomy, Department of
Graduate
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Urban, Jeffry Todd. "Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of quadrupolar nuclei and dipolar field effects." Berkeley, Calif. : Oak Ridge, Tenn. : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory ; distributed by the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, U.S. Dept. of Energy, 2004. http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/836811-joXo6p/native/.

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Thesis (Ph.D.); Submitted to the University of California, Berkeley, CA (US); 21 Dec 2004.
Published through the Information Bridge: DOE Scientific and Technical Information. "LBNL--56768" Urban, Jeffry Todd. USDOE Director. Office of Science. Office of Basic Energy Sciences (US) 12/21/2004. Report is also available in paper and microfiche from NTIS.
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Bauer, Christopher [Verfasser]. "Level lifetimes and quadrupole moments from projectile Coulomb excitation of A~130 nuclei / Christopher Bauer." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1042307911/34.

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Books on the topic "Nuclear quadrupole moment"

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Castel, B. Modern theories of nuclear moments. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990.

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Rieckert, Volker. Quadrupole moments and g-factors of low-lying bands in odd-A-nuclei (150. 1987.

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Rieckert, Volker. Quadrupole moments and g-factors of low-lying bands in odd-A-nuclei (150. 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Nuclear quadrupole moment"

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Arnold, E., J. Bonn, A. Klein, P. Lievens, R. Neugart, M. Neuroth, E. W. Otten, H. Reich, and W. Widdra. "The quadrupole moment of the neutron-halo nucleus 11Li." In Atomic and Nuclear Clusters, 218–19. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79696-8_46.

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Vyvey, K., G. Neyens, D. L. Balabanski, S. Ternier, N. Coulier, S. Teughels, G. Georgiev, and R. Coussement. "Measuring Quadrupole Moments in a Recoil-Shadow Geometry Using the Lems Method." In The Nucleus, 457–62. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4257-5_61.

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Egido, J. L., and L. M. Robledo. "10 Angular Momentum Projection and Quadrupole Correlations Effects in Atomic Nuclei." In Extended Density Functionals in Nuclear Structure Physics, 269–302. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39911-7_10.

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Kameda, D., H. Ueno, K. Asahi, D. Nagae, M. Takemura, K. Shimada, A. Yoshimi, et al. "Electric quadrupole moments of neutron-rich nuclei 32Al and 31Al." In HFI/NQI 2007, 491–94. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-85320-6_77.

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"The magnetic dipole moment and electric quadrupole moment for nuclei with closed shells ±1 nucleon." In Shapes and Shells in Nuclear Structure, 94–109. Cambridge University Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511563973.008.

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Ramsey, Norman F. "NUCLEAR ELECTRIC QUADRUPOLE MOMENTS." In Molecular Beams, 310–26. Oxford University Press, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198520214.003.0011.

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Serber, Robert. "NUCLEON MAGNETIC MOMENTS AND QUADRUPOLE MOMENT OF THE DEUTERON." In World Scientific Lecture Notes in Physics, 113–48. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812799364_0006.

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"Paper 2.3: "Measurements of Nuclear Quadrupole Moment Interactions," W. A. Nierenberg, N. F. Ramsey and S. B. Brody, Phys. Rev. 70, 773–775 (1946)." In Spectroscopy With Coherent Radiation, 167–69. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812795717_0019.

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Anderson, Sharon J. "Proton and 19F NMR Spectroscopy of Pesticide Intermolecular Interactions." In Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Environment Chemistry. Oxford University Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195097511.003.0008.

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Sorption of organic pollutants by soils and sediments is one of the main chemical processes that controls pollutant migration in the environment. Information about the molecular mechanisms by which an organic pollutant interacts with other solution-phase constituents and with solid-phase sorbents would be invaluable for more accurate prediction of pollutant fate and transport and for optimal design and application of remediation procedures. Many current models and remediation strategies are based upon the “partition theory” of organic compound sorption, which predicts sorption coefficients from properties such as water solubility or octanol-water partition coefficients. Partition theory is well suited for nonpolar hydrocarbons but may not be appropriate for pesticides with electrophilic or weakly acidic or basic substituents, which may interact with soils or organic matter through specific interactions such as hydrogen bonding or charge-transfer complexes. If a pesticide can form hydrogen bonds or a charge-transfer complex with a sorbent, sorption may be greater than in the absence of specific interactions. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is well suited for the study of pesticide-solution or pesticide-sorbent interactions because NMR is an element-specific method that is extremely sensitive to the electron density (shielding) near the nucleus of interest. Consequently, solution-state NMR can distinguish between closely related functional groups and can provide information about intermolecular interactions. All nuclei with nonzero nuclear spin quantum number can be studied by NMR spectroscopy. Of the more than 100 NMR-active nuclei, 1H and 19F are the easiest to study because both have natural abundances near 100% and greater NMR sensitivity than any other nuclei. In addition, both 1H and 19F have zero quadrupolar moments, which means that sharp, well resolved NMR peaks can be obtained, at least in homogeneous solutions. Proton NMR is well suited for elucidating molecular interactions in solution but cannot be used to study interactions between pesticides and heterogeneous sorbents such as soils, humic acid, or even cell extracts, since protons in the sorbent generally produce broad peaks that mask the NMR peaks from the solute or sorbate of interest. In contrast, 19F NMR can be used to study interactions between fluorine-containing molecules and heterogeneous sorbents because the fluorine concentration in most natural sorbents is negligible.
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Conference papers on the topic "Nuclear quadrupole moment"

1

Matsuta, K., T. Miyake, K. Minamisono, A. Morishita, S. Momota, Y. Nojiri, M. Mihara, et al. "Quadrupole moment of [sup 16]N." In NUCLEAR PHYSICS IN THE 21st CENTURY:International Nuclear Physics Conference INPC 2001. AIP, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1470039.

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2

He, Gaokui, Xiangyang Zhang, Guobao Wang, Yuqing Wan, and Huayang Tian. "Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Technology Applied in the Field of Explosives Detection." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-15072.

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Abstract:
There are a number of detection techniques for the detection of explosives, 14N nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) is a very promising technique owing to its unambiguous detection and identification of explosives. with this unique advantage, NQR technique gets more and more attentions around the world. Almost all of the explosives contain nitrogen element, the 14N nucleus is a non-spherically symmetric nucleus and has a quadrupole moment, the same 14N nuclei in different substances have different NQR frequencies, therefore, each substance is characterized by its own NQR frequency. So far, there have been more than 30 NQR probe nuclei, more than 10 thousands of substances have been investigated by the NQR technique and no identical NQR frequencies have been found. China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE) has investigated the concealed explosives detection by NQR for many years, this paper introduces the principle of 14N NQR detection, the structure of NQR detection system, and the application of NQR for the detection of explosives, mainly reviews the research activities of NQR at CIAE.
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3

Cheng, Lan, John Stanton, Jürgen Gauss, and Devin Matthews. "HIGH-ACCURACY CALCULATION OF Cu ELECTRIC-FIELD GRADIENTS: A REVISION OF THE Cu NUCLEAR QUADRUPOLE MOMENT VALUE." In 70th International Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy. Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15278/isms.2015.ra08.

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4

Sun, Xiao-jun, Chun-xing Chen, and Ning Wang. "NEW GLOBAL FORMULA OF THE NUCLEAR ELECTRIC QUADRUPOLE MOMENTS." In 15th National Conference on Nuclear Structure in China. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789813109636_0026.

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5

Stone, N. J. "How Well Do We Know Nuclear Electric Quadrupole Moments?" In Sixth International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei (ICFN6). WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789813229426_0046.

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6

Wilbert, S., B. A. Brown, W. Geithner, U. Georg, S. Kappertz, M. Keim, P. Lievens, R. Neugart, M. Neuroth, and L. Vermeeren. "β-NMR measurement of the nuclear quadrupole moments of." In EXOTIC NUCLEI AND ATOMIC MASSES. ASCE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.57393.

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7

Ali, Ahmed H., Dhameer A. Mutlak, and Maha Taha Idrees. "A study of magnetic moment and quadrupole moment of some nuclei A=50." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS ICNAAM 2019. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0027360.

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8

Dahiya, Harleen, and Neetika Sharma. "Quadrupole moment of the nucleon in chiral constituent quark model." In Light Cone 2010: Relativistic Hadronic and Particle Physics. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.119.0056.

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9

Yoshimi, A., H. Ueno, D. Kameda, K. Asahi, D. Nagae, M. Takemura, K. Shimada, et al. "Electric Quadrupole Moments of Neutron Rich Al Isotope." In INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON EXOTIC NUCLEI. AIP, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2746585.

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10

Vyvey, K., G. Neyens, D. L. Balabanski, D. Borremans, S. Chmel, N. Coulier, R. Coussement, et al. "Quadrupole moments of the 11[sup −] intruder isomers in [sup 194,196]Pb." In NUCLEAR PHYSICS IN THE 21st CENTURY:International Nuclear Physics Conference INPC 2001. AIP, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1470048.

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