Academic literature on the topic 'Nuclear twin family model'
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Journal articles on the topic "Nuclear twin family model"
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Slawinski, Brooke L., Kelly L. Klump, and S. Alexandra Burt. "The etiology of social aggression: a nuclear twin family study." Psychological Medicine 49, no. 1 (April 2, 2018): 162–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291718000697.
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AbstractBackgroundSocial aggression is a form of antisocial behavior in which social relationships and social status are used to damage reputations and inflict emotional harm on others. Despite extensive research examining the prevalence and consequences of social aggression, only a few studies have examined its genetic–environmental etiology, with markedly inconsistent results.MethodWe estimated the etiology of social aggression using the nuclear twin family (NTF) model. Maternal-report, paternal-report, and teacher-report data were collected for twin social aggression (N = 1030 pairs). We also examined the data using the classical twin (CT) model to evaluate whether its strict assumptions may have biased previous heritability estimates.ResultsThe best-fitting NTF model for all informants was the ASFE model, indicating that additive genetic, sibling environmental, familial environmental, and non-shared environmental influences significantly contribute to the etiology of social aggression in middle childhood. However, the best-fitting CT model varied across informants, ranging from AE and ACE to CE. Specific heritability estimates for both NTF and CT models also varied across informants such that teacher reports indicated greater genetic influences and father reports indicated greater shared environmental influences.ConclusionsAlthough the specific NTF parameter estimates varied across informants, social aggression generally emerged as largely additive genetic (A = 0.15–0.77) and sibling environmental (S = 0.42–0.72) in origin. Such findings not only highlight an important role for individual genetic risk in the etiology of social aggression, but also raise important questions regarding the role of the environment.
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Klassen, Lea, Eike F. Eifler, Anke Hufer, and Rainer Riemann. "WHY DO PEOPLE DIFFER IN THEIR ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION? A NUCLEAR TWIN FAMILY STUDY." Primenjena psihologija 11, no. 4 (January 14, 2019): 433–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.19090/pp.2018.4.433-450.
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Although many previous studies have emphasized the role of environmental factors, such as parental home and school environment, on achievement motivation, classical twin studies suggest that both additive genetic influences and non-shared environmental influences explain interindividual differences in achievement motivation. By applying a Nuclear Twin Family Design on the data of the German nationally representative of TwinLife study, we analyzed genetic and environmental influences on achievement motivation in adolescents and young adults. As expected, the results provided evidence for the impact of additive genetic variation, non-additive genetic influences, as well as twin specific shared environmental influences. The largest amount of variance was attributed to non-shared environmental influences, showing the importance of individual experiences in forming differences in achievement motivation. Overall, we suggest a revision of models and theories that explain variation in achievement motivation by differences in familial socialization only.
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Burt, S. Alexandra, and Kelly L. Klump. "Etiological Distinctions between Aggressive and Non-aggressive Antisocial Behavior: Results from a Nuclear Twin Family Model." Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 40, no. 7 (April 1, 2012): 1059–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10802-012-9632-9.
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Verberne, Thomas J. P. "A Developmental Model of Vulnerability to Suicide: Consistency with Some Recurrent Findings." Psychological Reports 89, no. 2 (October 2001): 217–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2001.89.2.217.
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Converging evidence from family, twin, adoption, brain biochemistry, and nuclear biological studies suggests that vulnerability to suicide may be genetically determined. Secondly, there is evidence that the predisposition to suicide remains latent until it becomes activated during puberty. Thirdly, for a suicide attempt to occur, the activated predisposition must be triggered by a stressor. This three-stage developmental model is shown to be consistent with some major demographic, epidemiological, and other correlates of suicide.
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Gladyck, Stephanie, Siddhesh Aras, Maik Hüttemann, and Lawrence I. Grossman. "Regulation of COX Assembly and Function by Twin CX9C Proteins—Implications for Human Disease." Cells 10, no. 2 (January 20, 2021): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10020197.
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Oxidative phosphorylation is a tightly regulated process in mammals that takes place in and across the inner mitochondrial membrane and consists of the electron transport chain and ATP synthase. Complex IV, or cytochrome c oxidase (COX), is the terminal enzyme of the electron transport chain, responsible for accepting electrons from cytochrome c, pumping protons to contribute to the gradient utilized by ATP synthase to produce ATP, and reducing oxygen to water. As such, COX is tightly regulated through numerous mechanisms including protein–protein interactions. The twin CX9C family of proteins has recently been shown to be involved in COX regulation by assisting with complex assembly, biogenesis, and activity. The twin CX9C motif allows for the import of these proteins into the intermembrane space of the mitochondria using the redox import machinery of Mia40/CHCHD4. Studies have shown that knockdown of the proteins discussed in this review results in decreased or completely deficient aerobic respiration in experimental models ranging from yeast to human cells, as the proteins are conserved across species. This article highlights and discusses the importance of COX regulation by twin CX9C proteins in the mitochondria via COX assembly and control of its activity through protein–protein interactions, which is further modulated by cell signaling pathways. Interestingly, select members of the CX9C protein family, including MNRR1 and CHCHD10, show a novel feature in that they not only localize to the mitochondria but also to the nucleus, where they mediate oxygen- and stress-induced transcriptional regulation, opening a new view of mitochondrial-nuclear crosstalk and its involvement in human disease.
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Papadakos, Grigorios, Justyna A. Wojdyla, and Colin Kleanthous. "Nuclease colicins and their immunity proteins." Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics 45, no. 1 (November 16, 2011): 57–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033583511000114.
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AbstractIt is more than 80 years since Gratia first described ‘a remarkable antagonism between two strains ofEscherichia coli’. Shown subsequently to be due to the action of proteins (or peptides) produced by one bacterium to kill closely related species with which it might be cohabiting, such bacteriocins have since been shown to be commonplace in the internecine warfare between bacteria. Bacteriocins have been studied primarily from the twin perspectives of how they shape microbial communities and how they penetrate bacteria to kill them. Here, we review the modes of action of a family of bacteriocins that cleave nucleic acid substrates inE. coli, known collectively as nuclease colicins, and the specific immunity (inhibitor) proteins that colicin-producing organisms make in order to avoid committing suicide. In a process akin to targeting in mitochondria, nuclease colicins engage in a variety of cellular associations in order to translocate their cytotoxic domains through the cell envelope to the cytoplasm. As well as informing on the process itself, the study of nuclease colicin import has also illuminated functional aspects of the host proteins they parasitize. We also review recent studies where nuclease colicins and their immunity proteins have been used as model systems for addressing fundamental problems in protein folding and protein–protein interactions, areas of biophysics that are intimately linked to the role of colicins in bacterial competition and to the import process itself.
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Kendler, Kenneth S. "The sporadic v. familial classification given aetiological heterogeneity: II. Power analyses." Psychological Medicine 18, no. 4 (November 1988): 991–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700009910.
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SynopsisThis paper examines the power of the sporadic v. familial method as applied to schizophrenia and major depression. The model used assumes aetiological heterogeneity with a subpopulation of cases due to a ‘major’ environmental event and the remainder resulting from a generalized single major locus. The findings suggest that, for sample sizes to which it is commonly applied, the sporadic v. familial classification has low power to detect aetiological heterogeneity. When applied to nuclear families, substantial power requires at a minimum 100–150 proband families. If the proportion of environmental cases in the population is low, or the ‘test’ for environmental aetiology in probands does not have high sensitivity and specificity, the required sample sizes are considerably larger. Adding monozygotic twins increases the power of the method, but including second-degree relatives does not. The optimal approach to the sporadic v. familial method will differ as a function of the frequency of the disorder and the relative effort and expense of examining probands versus family members. Other methods should be considered for discriminating genetic and environmental forms of illness.
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Duffy, David L., Lindon J. Eaves, and G. P. Vogler. "Informativeness of twin-nuclear family and nuclear family designs for segregation analysis." Genetic Epidemiology 8, no. 4 (1991): 231–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gepi.1370080404.
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Engelen, G. B. "New nuclear twin shell model." Radiation Effects 94, no. 1-4 (March 1986): 85–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00337578608208360.
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Bleidorn, Wiebke, Anke Hufer, Christian Kandler, Christopher J. Hopwood, and Rainer Riemann. "A Nuclear Twin Family Study of Self–Esteem." European Journal of Personality 32, no. 3 (May 2018): 221–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.2136.
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Twin studies suggest that both genes and environments influence the emergence and development of individual differences in self–esteem. However, different lines of research have emphasized either the role of genes or of environmental influences in shaping self–esteem, and the pathways through which genes and environments exert their influence on self–esteem remain largely unclear. In this study, we used nationally representative data from over 2000 German twin families and a nuclear twin family design (NTFD) to further our understanding of the genetic and environmental influences on individual differences in self–esteem. Compared with classical twin designs, NTFDs allow for finer–grained descriptions of the genetic and environmental influences on phenotypic variation, produce less biased estimates of those effects, and provide more information about different environmental influences and gene–environment correlation that contribute to siblings’ similarity. Our NTFD results suggested that additive and non–additive genetic influences contributed to individual differences in self–esteem as well as environmental influences that are both shared and not shared by twins. The shared environmental component mostly reflected non–parental influences. These findings highlight the increased sensitivity afforded by NTFDs but also remaining limitations that need to be addressed by future behavioural genetic work on the sources of self–esteem. Copyright © 2018 European Association of Personality Psychology
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Nuclear twin family model"
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Brown, Alan. "What is the family of the law? : the influence of the nuclear family model." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2016. http://digitool.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27855.
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This thesis argues that the legal understanding of ‘family’ is underpinned by a particular idealised image of the family; the ‘nuclear family’,comprising the nexus of the conjugal relationship and the ‘parent/child’relationship. I contend that this model of family is premised upon the traditional, distinct, gendered roles of ‘father as breadwinner’ and ‘mother as homemaker’, which in turn are associated with the historical, liberal understanding of the ‘public/private’ divide and the orthodox construction of the legal subject as rational, autonomous and self-interested. Theinfluence of the nuclear familyis notedin several different contexts: various specific legal definitions of ‘family’, the legal regulation of adult, conjugal relationships, the attribution of legal parenthood and the construction of the role of the ‘parent’ within the law. This examination of the law’s model of the‘family’has been prompted by the substantial reforms undertaken in family law in recent decades and the significant evolution in both social attitudes and familial practices that has occurred in parallel over that time. Ultimately, this thesis concludes that while these reforms have resulted in additional categories of relationship coming to be situated within the nuclear family model (notably unmarried cohabitants and same-sex couples), there has not, as yet, been any fundamental alteration of the underpinning concept of the nuclear family itself.
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"Elucidating the Link between Parent and Adolescent Psychopathology: A Test of Transmission Specificity and Genetic and Environmental Liabilities." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.53632.
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abstract: The tendency for psychopathology to aggregate within families is well-documented, though little is known regarding the level of specificity at which familial transmission of symptomology occurs. The current study first tested competing higher-order structures of psychopathology in adolescence, indexing general and more specific latent factors. Second, parent-offspring transmission was tested for broadband domain specificity versus transmission of a general liability for psychopathology. Lastly, genetic and environmental mechanisms underlying the familial aggregation of psychopathology were examined using nuclear twin-family models. The sample was comprised of five hundred adolescent twin pairs (mean age 13.24 years) and their parents drawn from the Wisconsin Twin Project. Twins and parents completed independent diagnostic interviews. For aim 1, correlated factors, bifactor, and general-factor models were tested using adolescent symptom count data. For aim 2, structural equation modeling was used to determine whether broadband domain-specific transmission effects were necessary to capture parent-offspring resemblance in psychopathology above and beyond a general transmission effect indexed by the latent correlation between a parental internalizing factor and offspring P-factor. For aim 3, general factor models were fitted in both generations, and factor scores were subsequently extracted and used in nuclear twin-family model testing. Results indicated that the bifactor model exhibited the best fit to the adolescent data. Familial aggregation of psychopathology was sufficiently accounted for by the transmission of a general liability. Lastly, the best fitting reduced nuclear twin-family model indicated that additive genetic, sibling-specific shared environmental, and nonshared environmental influences contributed to general psychopathology. Parent-offspring transmission was accounted for by shared genetics only, whereas co-twin aggregation was additionally explained by sibling-specific shared environmental factors. Results provide novel insight into the specificity and etiology of the familial aggregation of psychopathology.Dissertation/Thesis
Masters Thesis Psychology 2019
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Davel, Catharina Magdalena. "Exploring perceived changes in family functioning after the imprisonment of a family member / Catharina Magdalena Davel." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/14228.
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Research regarding the imprisonment of a family member has mainly focused on the effects of parental imprisonment on the children in that family. Literature indicates that the child of an imprisoned parent has to deal with numerous challenges, including stigma and shame related to their parent‟s arrest and imprisonment. Other common feelings these children might experience include anger, confusion and sadness. Furthermore these children often experience pressure related to keeping the imprisonment a secret from those close to them. These children might also face multiple separations from the imprisoned parent, experience changes with regards to residence, school and friendships, adoption of adult roles and responsibilities, financial distress, lack of supervision and more. When compared to literature regarding parental imprisonment relatively few studies have been done on the effects of imprisonment on the family as a whole, especially in the South African context. The available research indicates there are numerous implications for the family as a whole. Some of these implications include stigma, financial stress, role changes within the family, relational problems between family members (including extended family), challenges in dealing with the criminal justice system and emotional distress (feelings of loneliness, anxiety, isolation and worry). The aim of this study was to explore and describe the changes that take place in family functioning when a member of that family is imprisoned as they are perceived by the members of the nuclear family. A qualitative description (descriptive) research approach was used in this study. Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants. Six voluntary participants (all family members of imprisoned individuals) from four families were recruited. Participants were aged between 15 and 75, consisted of one male and five females. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. These interviews were audio recorded and then transcribed. Initial questions for the semi-structured interviews were obtained using the McMaster Model of Family Functioning as a guiding framework. Therefore, first deductive (directed) content analysis was used, after which thematic analysis was then done on the transcribed data. From the analysis two main themes and nine subthemes emerged. It was found that participants relied more on their family members for problem solving, were generally more open-hearted and honest with their communication towards each other while limiting potentially distressing communication and they experienced changes in the roles and responsibilities within the family. Participants also reported experiencing new emotions (positive and negative) and experienced increased support, understanding and involvement from their family members. They furthermore experienced changes in behaviour control and household rules ranging from rigid to laissez-faire and often fluctuating between these. Some participants reported experiencing more support from outside the family. Participants furthermore reported feeling stigmatised and isolated within their communities. They also experienced gaining resilience and inner strength and found strength through their religious beliefs. The findings of this study can‟t be generalized due to the limited demographic variability and small sample size. Limited research is available regarding the changes in family functioning after the imprisonment of a family member in the family as a whole, especially in the South African context. The identification of religion and resilience (as subthemes identified from the data) as they relate to coping is probably the most important contribution of this study as it is not discussed in any of the models of family functioning mentioned in this study, including the McMaster Model of Family Functioning. It is recommended that further research focus on both resilience and religion as they relate to coping and possibly contribute to family functioning after the imprisonment of a family member. It is furthermore suggested that specific intervention programs be developed to help families function effectively after the imprisonment of a family member. These intervention programs might include group work with different families or working with individual families either with skills development, psycho-education or therapeutically.MA (Clinical Psychology), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015
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Marais, Adele. "The effect of a nuclear family's sudden loss on the personality structures of individual family members." Diss., 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/29459.
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The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of the potential effect of sudden loss on the personality structures of bereaved individuals. For this purpose, I focused on the individual personality structures of five nuclear family members during the first year following the sudden loss of their daughter/sister. I followed a concurrent nested mixed model research approach and relied upon both the post-positivist and interpretivist paradigms, allowing me to integrate the complementary strengths of quantitative and qualitative data collection by means of triangulation. I utilised a within group interrupted time series design, comparing the family’s MBTI® profiles prior to and following the sudden loss they had experienced. In addition, I incorporated the results of 16PF profiles of the participants administered post-sudden loss. I further substantiated my findings in terms of recurring themes on individual metaphors concerning the sudden loss experience, constructed by the participants. The findings of the study indicated that distinct changes in personality structures occurred in terms of the personality structures of the participants. Pertaining to the four polarities of the MBTI®, I found that the participants displayed a greater preference for the Introversion attitude, as well as both the Sensing and Feeling functions, after they had experienced sudden loss. All participants displayed an inclination towards personal growth by moving closer to the Judging/Perceiving axis post-sudden loss. In addition, two general tendencies were evident amongst the participants, namely a greater dependence on the inferior functions; and secondly the tendency to rely on type exaggeration when dealing with sudden loss.Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2008.
Educational Psychology
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Books on the topic "Nuclear twin family model"
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Yi, Zeng. The family status life table: An extension of Bongaarts' nuclear family model. Hague: Netherlands Interuniversity Demographic Institute, 1987.
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Fitzpatrick, Gerald L. The family problem: New internal algebraic and geometric regularities. Issaquah, Wash: Nova Scientific Press, 1997.
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J, Heller Kenneth, Nelson Jeffrey Kevin, and Reeder D, eds. DPF '96, the Minneapolis Meeting: Proceedings of the 9th Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American Physical Society ; Twin Cities Campus, University of Minnesota, USA, 11-15 August 1996. Singapore: World Scientific, 1998.
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Gallo, Ester. Family Histories, Reproduction, and Migration. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199469307.003.0007.
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Chapter six discusses how different family models— joint, nuclear, transnational, among others—are linked to class mobility among Nambudiri migrant families. The question of the relation between family size, sterilization and citizenship is analysed to show how sticking to the ‘one-child’ model is made meaningful by referring to a wider colonial history of family reproduction and creates dilemmas in the present. The chapter discusses how histories of procreation, childbirth, and care are recalled to illustrate the progressive move from a sterile community to a responsible community. While the sterile community describes a colonial past in which few Nambudiri children were born or accepted due to orthodox kinship norms, the responsible community accepts the sacrifice represented by sterilization in order to achieve models of modern motherhood and fatherhood. Changing family sizes, if combined with generational forms of migration, also produces anxieties among middle-class families on elderly and children care.
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Distel, Marijn A., and Marleen H. M. de Moor. Genetic Influences on Borderline Personality Disorder. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199997510.003.0007.
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Borderline personality disorder (BPD) tends to “run in families.” Twin and twin family studies show that BPD is moderately heritable, with some evidence for nonadditive gene action. BPD co-occurs with Axis I and other Axis II disorders, as well as with a certain profile of normal personality traits. Multivariate twin (family) studies have shown that these phenotypic associations are partly due to genetic associations, and this is observed most strongly for BPD and neuroticism. Candidate gene-finding studies for BPD suggest the possible role of genes in the serotonergic and dopaminergic system, but this needs to be confirmed in larger genome-wide studies. Future studies will complement the knowledge described in this chapter to enable us to move toward a comprehensive model of the development of BPD in which biological and environmental influences on BPD are integrated.
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Keel, Pamela K., and Lauren A. Holland. Eating Disorders. Edited by C. Steven Richards and Michael W. O'Hara. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199797004.013.017.
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This chapter examines patterns of comorbidity between eating disorders and mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders along with evidence regarding support for different theoretical models that may account for these patterns. Although comorbidity estimates may be inflated by reliance on treatment-seeking samples and double counting of symptoms that overlap between syndromes, evidence supports elevated risk of mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders in anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder. Data from family and twin studies support that eating and anxiety disorders may have a shared diathesis, consistent with the common cause model. Data from longitudinal studies suggest that eating disorders may increase vulnerability for developing a substance use disorder, consistent with the predisposition model. In contrast, comorbidity between eating and mood disorders, such as depression, remains poorly understood. Clinical issues regarding comorbidity of depression and eating disorders along with guidelines for clinicians treating patients with comorbid depression and eating disorders are discussed.
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Martschukat, Jürgen. American Fatherhood. Translated by Petra Goedde. NYU Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479892273.001.0001.
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This book explains the unbending ideal of the nuclear family and how it has seeped so deeply into American society and consciousness without ever becoming the actual norm for most people in the nation. It presents the rich diversity of family lives in American history from the American Revolution to the twenty-first century and at the same time the persistence and normative power of the nuclear family model. American society—one of the major arguments—is “governed through the family,” and to govern, in this sense, is “to structure the possible field of action.” To make this broad examination of the discourse and practice of the family in American life more accessible, this book focuses on the relations of fathers, families, and society. Throughout American history “the father” has been posed as provider and moral leader of his family, American society, and the nation. At the same time power and difference were established around “the father,” and fatherhood meant many different things for different people. To tell this history of fatherhood, families, and American society, the author presents biographical “close-ups” of twelve iconic characters, embedded in contextual “long shots” so that readers can see the enduring power of the family and father ideals along with the complexity and varieties of everyday life in American history. Each protagonist covers a crucial period or event in American history, presents a different family constellation, and makes a different argument with regard to how American society is governed through the family.
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Honeyman, Susan. Perils of Protection. University Press of Mississippi, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496819895.001.0001.
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When we generalize about children, we are often also implicitly generalizing about their care, from within a "middle-class" view of "nuclear" family. These as sumptions rely on anorm that few of us actually fit. Yet it is very difficult to talk about children from completely outside of such an assumed model of support in the private or "islanded" sphere. In contrast, children in literature are just as often disconnected from family in order to have greater adventures in more public spaces. They must leave the confines of the private family to for gean other sphere in which to grow. But the real experiences of children at tempting public connection or freedom to roam are farmore complicated, ranging from captivity and containment to escape and self-reliance. Utilizing both fictions of child adventure and accounts of experiences by actual children, Honey mandemonstrates that childwelfare depends upon not just protection, but also participation. How can protection, which sounds so comforting, do harm? Perils of Protection will trace how the best of intentions to protect children can none the lesshurt them if leaving them unprepared to acton the irown behalf. Each chapter will center on this perilous pattern in a different context: "women and children first" rescue hierarchies, geographic restriction, abandonment, censorship, and illness. Analysis from adventures real and fictionalized will offer the reader high jinx and heroism at sea, the rush of risk, finding new families, resisting censorship through discovering shared political identity, and breaking the pretences of sentimentality.
Book chapters on the topic "Nuclear twin family model"
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Körükcü, Öznur, and Kamile Kabukcuoğlu. "Health Promotion Among Home-Dwelling Elderly Individuals in Turkey." In Health Promotion in Health Care – Vital Theories and Research, 313–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63135-2_22.
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AbstractAlthough the social structure of Turkish society has changed from a broad family order to a nuclear family, family relations still hold an important place, where traditional elements dominate. Still, elderly people are cared for by their family in their home environment. Thus, the role of family members is crucial in taking care of elderly individuals. In Turkey, the responsibility of care is largely on women; the elderly’s wife, daughter, or daughter-in-law most often provides the care. Family members who provide care need support so that they can maintain their physical, psychological and mental health. At this point, Antonovsky’s salutogenic health model represents a positive and holistic approach to support individual’s health and coping. The salutogenic understanding of health emphasizes both physical, psychological, social, spiritual and cultural resources which can be utilized not only to avoid illness, but to promote health.With the rapidly increasing ageing population globally, health expenditures and the need for care are increasing accordingly. This increase reveals the importance of health-promoting practices in elderly care, which are important for the well-being and quality of life of older individuals and their families, as well as cost effectiveness. In Turkey, the emphasis on health-promoting practices is mostly focused in home-care services including examination, treatment, nursing care, medical care, medical equipment and device services, psychological support, physiotherapy, follow-up, rehabilitation services, housework (laundry, shopping, cleaning, food), personal care (dressing, bathroom, and personal hygiene help), 24-h emergency service, transportation, financial advice and training services within the scope of the social state policy for the elderly 65 years and older, whereas medical management of diseases serves elderly over the age of 85. In the Turkish health care system, salutogenesis can be used in principle for two aims: to guide health-promotion interventions in health care practice, and to (re)orient health care practice and research. The salutogenic orientation encompasses all elderly people independently of their position on the ease-/dis-ease continuum. This chapter presents health-promotion practices in the care of elderly home-dwelling people living in Turkey.
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"The Historical and Philosophical Underpinnings of the ‘Nuclear Family’ Model." In What is the Family of Law? Hart Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781509919611.ch-002.
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Honeyman, Susan. "A Last Note on the Nuclear Family." In Perils of Protection, 184–90. University Press of Mississippi, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496819895.003.0007.
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Against confining practices, young persons have always demonstrated ademocratic capacity that needs not only to be expressed, but exercised at will. Ending on a positive note with one fictional model of a radical peer public from Louise Fitzhugh's Nobody's Family is Going to Change, the conclusion reasserts that children should have the right to a public and participatory identity. Children can form fair, self-governing youth publics when given the chance. We, as the public, need to stepup in providing community connections as well as greater collective support forchildcare beyond the traditional nuclear family.
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Pattison, George. "Moral Man, Immoral Society." In A Metaphysics of Love, 108–39. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813521.003.0005.
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Love is typically seen as a characteristic of intimate relationships, not of larger social units such as the state. But if Christianity aims at a Kingdom of Love, what social forms might enable such a kingdom to be formed? Christian teaching suggests two primary forms, the family and the Church. The family is approached in a dialogue between Hegel and recent magisterial Catholic teaching. Where Hegel subordinates the family to the state, Catholic teaching proposes that the state is subsidiary to the family. The family is also seen in Catholic teaching as modelling the life of the Church. However, social changes make Dostoevsky’s model of the ‘accidental family’ more appropriate than that of the conventional nuclear family, while Rosenzweig warns against extending the model of the family to the territorial nation-state. The chapter also develops the idea of human solidarity.
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Martschukat, Jürgen. "Queer Parents and Fatherhood Movements, 1970–2010." In American Fatherhood, 224–42. NYU Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479892273.003.0013.
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The twelfth chapter discusses the transformations of the nuclear family ideal, of its gendered and heteronormative patterns in the wake of the women’s movement and the LGBT movement. At its center stand a lesbian couple and their daughters in San Francisco, supported by the gay fathers who also take responsibility in the family. The author interviewed both couples. The chapter presents their life and the politics of queer families, gay marriage, and the so-called gayby boom in relation to the powerful recent discourse on the “crisis” of the family and to the fatherhood movement, its different and often revisionist subgroups and their politics. At the same time, the chapter presents a queer family as the embodiment of a slow but persistent transformation of the hegemonic nuclear family model that has come about since the 1970s. They represent a historic change toward a greater recognition of patchwork families in general and of many different kinds of living arrangements, particularly in metropolitan centers. Yet the chapter also shows how the current politics of gay marriage and queer families oscillates between a total disintegration of the nuclear family on the one side and the reassertion of its values of love and mutual responsibility on the other side.
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Lane, Jeremy F. "Modulated Masculinities." In Republican Citizens, Precarious Subjects, 103–38. Liverpool University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781789622140.003.0004.
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The middle-aged male worker, bridling at the demands of the contemporary workplace has become a recurrent character type in recent French feature films and novels. Often, this male protagonist’s problems at work are mirrored by his difficulties at home retaining his authority as a paterfamilias. These films and novels hence offer a proliferation of narratives featuring middle-aged men struggling to modulate their professional identities and masculine roles in accordance with the demands of the contemporary workplace. As such, these narratives may also reflect the centrality of the male breadwinner and the patriarchal nuclear family to the French social model and hence may represent a series of conservative responses to perceived crises of masculinity and the nuclear family. The chapter shows that this kind of conservative response is epitomised by the novels of Houellebecq, in which laments at the loss of patriarchy are articulated to a critique of contemporary forms of immaterial labour in a particularly insistent fashion. The chapter then turns to a selection of films and novels that offer more nuanced representations of middle-aged male workers and their difficulties with work and family.
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Rijsdijk, Frühling, and Pak Sham. "Genetic epidemiology 1: behavioural genetics." In Practical Psychiatric Epidemiology, 317–34. Oxford University Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198515517.003.0017.
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Behavioural genetics is the study of the genetic basis of behavioural traits including both psychiatric disorders and ‘normal’ personality dimensions. Behavioural genetics derives its theoretical basis from population genetics. Soon after the laws of Mendelian inheritance were re-discovered in 1900, the implications of these laws on the genetic properties of populations were worked out. Such properties include segregation ratios, genotypic frequencies in random mating populations, the effect of population structure and systems of mating, the impact of selection, the partitioning of genetic variance, and the genetic correlation between relatives. Some appreciation of population genetics is necessary for a deep understanding of behavioural genetics. Because of the complexity of behavioural traits, genetic factors cannot be regarded in isolation, or as static. Instead, it is important to consider: (i) the relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors, (ii) the interplay between genetic and environmental factors, and (iii) the changing role of genetic factors in different stages of development from infancy to old age. The major study designs in behavioural genetics will be discussed in this chapter, namely family studies, twin studies, and adoption studies. Behavioural genetics, augmented by molecular genetics has the potential to identify specific genetic variants which influence behaviour. This will be considered in detail in Chapter 14. Mendelian inheritance Gregor Mendel first demonstrated the genetic basis of biological inheritance by studies of simple all-or-none traits in the garden pea. These traits were particularly revealing because they were completely determined by the genotype at a single chromosomal locus. Diseases caused by genetic mutation at a single locus are commonly called Mendelian or single-gene disorders. A dominant disorder is expressed when an individual has one or two copies of the mutant allele, whereas a recessive disorder is expressed only when both alleles at the locus are the mutant variant. Examples of Mendelian disorders of clinical significance in psychiatry are Huntington's disease and fragile X syndrome. Mendelian disorders tend to be relatively rare because they are usually subjected to severe negative selective pressure, due to their increased mortality. Most common disorders and continuous traits of interest in psychiatry have an aetiology involving multiple genetic and environmental factors. Categorical and dimensional traits Behavioural genetics is rooted in both psychiatry and psychology. Psychiatrists traditionally adopt a medical model where diseases are defined as categorical entities and diagnoses are either present or absent. Psychologists on the other hand prefer quantitative measures of cognitive ability, personality and other traits. The methodology of behavioural genetics research reflects this duality, although there is a trend to integrate the two approaches, especially for traits such as anxiety and depression where both diagnostic criteria and quantitative measures exist.
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Crane, Hewitt, Edwin Kinderman, and Ripudaman Malhotra. "Our Energy Inheritance: Fossil Fuels." In A Cubic Mile of Oil. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195325546.003.0014.
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The use of fossil fuels—petroleum, natural gas, and coal—is ubiquitous today and has made possible the advances of modern civilization. These fuels are capable of providing energy for a variety of applications—from very small to very large—and touch our lives in many ways. A small gas-fired heater uses about 50,000 Btu/hr (1 standard cubic foot [scf] of gas/min) and keeps our homes warm. A 200-horsepower gasoline engine in a family car consumes around 2 gal/hr of oil and can carry a load of five passengers a distance of 60 miles on a level highway. An 1,800-ton/hr cement plant consumes 900 MBtu/hr (about 0.9 million scf gas/hr) when in full operation and produces the building material widely used for constructing homes, offices, industries, roads, and bridges. A large, coal-fired electric power station (1,000 MW rating) requires between 300 and 500 tons of coal per hour and produces enough electricity to power half a million homes. The range of power that fossil fuels, particularly oil, can deliver is truly amazing: the same basic fuel that powers jet aircraft also powers children’s model aircraft engines. It is unlikely that aircraft will ever be powered by solar panels mounted on the wings or by on-board nuclear reactors. The importance of fossil fuels in our lives cannot be overemphasized. It took millions of years to accumulate them, and their potential exhaustion in just a few centuries should seriously concern all of us. In this chapter, we briefly review the circumstances that led to formation of our fossil fuels and then discuss how much of each of them is available. This discussion requires clarifying the special meanings ascribed to such terms as reserves and resources. For all three fuels, we look at the global distribution of our resources. We also present estimates of possible resource lifetimes under varying conditions of use and indicate the nominal equipment and infrastructure requirements for producing these inherited resources at a rate of 1 CMO/yr. As we shall see, our conventional reserves are somewhat limited, but our resource base is large, and unconventional oil and gas resources offer a substantially greater potential. Nonetheless, exploiting unconventional resources is certain to be more expensive and, in most cases, potentially more damaging to the environment.
Conference papers on the topic "Nuclear twin family model"
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Mercier, Thibaud, Jean-Melaine Favennec, and Alexandre Girard. "Feasibility of Enhanced Estimation of PWR Primary Parameters: Twin Experiments for Assessing Data Assimilation Benefits (0D-Model With a Monte-Carlo Approach on Pseudo-Real Data)." In 2014 22nd International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone22-30118.
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A PWR reactor coolant system is a highly complex physical process: heterogeneous power, flow and temperature distributions are difficult to be accurately measured, because instrumentations are limited in number, thus leading to the relevant safety and protection margins. This situation is in many ways similar to climate and weather models: a complex process that is not possible to sample and measure as finely as wanted. Meteorology and climate sciences have adapted and improved the Data Assimilation techniques in order to improve the accuracy of description and prediction in their fields. EDF R&D is seeking to assess the potential benefits of applying Data Assimilation to a PWR’s RCS (Reactor Coolant System) measurements: is it possible to improve the estimates for parameters of a reactor’s operating set-point, i.e. improving accuracy and reducing uncertainties of measured RCS parameters? In this paper we study the feasibility of enhanced estimation of PWR primary parameters, by using twin experiments for assessing Data Assimilation benefits. We simulated test samples with a 0D-Model, and used these samples in a Monte-Carlo approach to get background terms for Data Assimilation. This successful preliminary study will lead to further assessments with real plant data.
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Wu, Yanqun, Yang Zhao, Mingxing Liu, Wei Jiang, Qi Chen, Shun Wang, and Hao Yan. "Research on Nuclear Safety Video Display Unit Technology Based on Digital Twin." In 2020 International Conference on Nuclear Engineering collocated with the ASME 2020 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone2020-16792.
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Abstract The nuclear safety video display unit (SVDU) in the nuclear safety level DCS implements functions such as displaying and warning of reactor safety related parameters and sending safety control instructions, which belongs to safety level 1 equipment. As a high-cost complex safety level display device, due to its high functional complexity, high security and reliability requirements, and special usage scenarios, its design, research, and function verification have always encountered problems such as low intelligence and low digitization, resulting in slow development process, complicated product function verification, and inconvenient use and training, etc. After the SVDU is put into practical use, continuous analysis of its stability, reliability, and safety, and its health status monitoring and maintenance are also difficult technical problems. Based on the five-dimensional digital twin model as a design benchmark, a digital twin-based design method for SVDU is proposed. Taking the SVDU in a nuclear safety level DCS (NASPIC) as the object, the digital twin technology is adopted to model the physical objects such as display unit, human-machine interface unit, storage unit and communication network unit, and the high-speed industrial Ethernet network is used to map and interconnect the data between the components, so as to realize the physical fusion, model fusion and data fusion of the real SVDU and the virtual SVDU. With the help of data feedback from safety level DCS, the data, symbol display and control process of SVDU can be visualized and analyzed in virtual environment, and the real-time control function verification, fault early warning and auxiliary decision-making can be carried out, which improves the visibility, accessibility, operability and predictability of real SVDU display and control process. The real-time data, historical data, fault self-diagnosis data, and expert experience of real SVDU and virtual SVDU are incorporated into the twin data pool to reproduce the variable-speed replay of the historical operation process of SVDU and realize the post-accident condition analysis with multiple spatiotemporal dimensions; the record and analysis of self-fault diagnosis data provides the possibility of stability analysis services such as clock, power supply, human-machine input, and storage equipment, etc. Digital twin-based SVDU technology can ensure rapid development and iteration of products under the requirements of complex functions and high safety and reliability, and truly reproduce the display and control effects of SVDU, while meeting users’ multiple application scenarios and data service requirements.
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Lemieux, Patrick, C. Dennis Moore, and Andrew Nahab. "Performance Measurement and Analysis of Vertical Shaft V-Twin Engines, and Comparison With Horizontal Engines of the Same Model Class." In ASME 2012 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2012-92055.
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Over the past two years, we have conducted two experimental test series aimed at examining typical performance of gasoline V-twin engines in the 25 hp class, and the suitability of assumed mechanical efficiency in correcting observed measurements. We used engines manufactured by Honda, Kawasaki, Kohler, and Subaru (Robin). The tests were conducted at the Engines Laboratory of the California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo (Cal Poly). The Kohler engines are fuel injected while the others three are carbureted. We tested twenty-eight engines in total. The first series of tests included four horizontal shaft engines from each of the manufacturers (sixteen in total), and followed the general guidelines of SAE standard J1349-199506. This paper reports primarily on the subsequent series of twelve engine tests, which included vertical shaft engines of an equivalent family (and displacement class), from three of the original manufacturers: Honda, Kawasaki and Kohler. All three engines have roughly the same engine speed range (2000–4000), and all three reportedly reach peak power at 3600rpm. This is typical of small engines, which may be used to drive small generators in addition to being installed on other equipment. Vertical shaft engines are typically tested on a vertical shaft dynamometer, or one that converts from a horizontal to vertical position. However, these dynamometers are typically either of the water brake or eddy current type. They cannot motor the engine, and thus cannot measure friction mean effective pressure (FMEP) directly, which is the preferred method to quantify friction and mechanical efficiency for engine testing. However, testing vertical shaft engines on a horizontal shaft motoring dynamometer requires an angled gear drive to mate the engine to the dynamometer, and thus adds a loss that complicates the accurate measurement of FMEP and brake output. We present here results using a simple method with which our measurements can be corrected for this loss, in tests of this sort. The study thus expands on our previous results, and shows the extent by which engine to engine variations are affected by shaft configurations, within a given model family, and within similar offerings by different manufacturers. We also analyzed our results to contrast the methodology of SAE J1349-199506 with that of the updated J1349-201109, specifically with respect to using an assumed value of mechanical efficiency to characterize FMEP and correct dynamometer data on small, general utility engines.
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Hu, Weifei, Yihan He, Zhenyu Liu, Jianrong Tan, Ming Yang, and Jiancheng Chen. "A Hybrid Wind Speed Prediction Approach Based on Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition and BO-LSTM Neural Networks for Digital Twin." In ASME 2020 Power Conference collocated with the 2020 International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2020-16500.
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Abstract Precise time series prediction serves as an important role in constructing a Digital Twin (DT). The various internal and external interferences result in highly non-linear and stochastic time series data sampled from real situations. Although artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) are often used to forecast time series for their strong self-learning and nonlinear fitting capabilities, it is a challenging and time-consuming task to obtain the optimal ANN architecture. This paper proposes a hybrid time series prediction model based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD), long short-term memory (LSTM) neural networks, and Bayesian optimization (BO). To improve the predictability of stochastic and nonstationary time series, the EEMD method is implemented to decompose the original time series into several components, each of which is composed of single-frequency and stationary signal, and a residual signal. The decomposed signals are used to train the BO-LSTM neural networks, in which the hyper-parameters of the LSTM neural networks are fine-tuned by the BO algorithm. The following time series data are predicted by summating all the predictions of the decomposed signals based on the trained neural networks. To evaluate the performance of the proposed hybrid method (EEMD-BO-LSTM), this paper conducts a case study of wind speed time series prediction and has a comprehensive comparison between the proposed method and other approaches including the persistence model, ARIMA, LSTM neural networks, B0-LSTM neural networks, and EEMD-LSTM neural networks. Results show an improved prediction accuracy using the EEMD-BO-LSTM method by multiple accuracy metrics.
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Schmidt, Florian, Dieter Mewes, and Marc Lo¨rcher. "Measuring Flow Velocity and Flow Pattern of a Suspension-Gas Mixture Inside a Twin-Fluid Atomizer." In ASME 2006 2nd Joint U.S.-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting Collocated With the 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2006-98216.
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Twin-fluid atomizers are widely used for spray-drying application. The suspension to be dried can be atomized very efficiently if the atomizer is operated at critical conditions. The three-phase flow containing solids, gas and liquid is accelerated inside the atomizer due to a pressure gradient. If the upstream pressure is sufficiently high, a maximum possible mass flow rate is achieved. This operating condition is called “critical”. The velocity of the three-phase flow and the flow pattern in the exit cross section has a major impact on the jet break-up and thus on the spray characteristics. In this experimental work the flow velocity and flow pattern inside the nozzle of the atomizer is measured. A laser-sensor is used to determine the flow velocity via cross-correlation at different operating conditions and positions inside the nozzle. The same sensor is used to measure the flow pattern by analyzing the time dependent laser light absorption of of the flow. The influence of various compositions of the suspension concerning gas volume flow rate and particle concentration on the measured velocities and flow patterns are derived. Higher gas volume flow rates increase the velocities and higher particle concentration have a decreasing influence. For a pure gas-liquid flow the obtained results are in good agreement with a theoretical model. In the exit cross-section plug flow and annular flow is observed depending on the gas volume flow fraction. The particles in the suspension have no significant influence on the flow pattern.
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Tricard, Pierre, Sheng Fang, Jianlong Wang, Hong Li, Jingyuan Qu, Jiejuan Tong, and Dong Fang. "Fast On-Line Source Term Estimation of Non-Constant Releases in Nuclear Accident Scenario Using Extended Kalman Filter." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-15125.
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In nuclear accidents, source estimation methods can be used to assess the amount and status of radioactive materials emission, which is important for nuclear emergency response. Current studies primarily focus on source estimation of a constant release mode, which may not match real nuclear accident scenario. To solve this problem, a fast on-line source term estimation method for non-constant release mode was proposed in this study. Based on the well-established RIMPUFF dispersion model, the extended Kalman filter algorithm was utilized to perform an online estimation of the total amount and height of the release source simultaneously. To simulate the accidental radioactive release mode, a non-constant function was used as the state description of the release source. Both air dispersion model error and measurement error were considered. To demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method, twin experiments were performed with release profiles. A sensitivity study was also performed to assess the robustness of the algorithm. The experiment results demonstrate that the proposed method can provide robust source term estimation for both constant and non-constant release. The estimation accuracy depends on the steepness of the curve in the growth of the release mode and the distribution of simulated monitors.
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Geng, Xiaobing, Mei Xu, Lijun Zhang, and Biao Yuan. "An Inverse Method to Estimate Emission Rates of Multi-Radionuclides Based on an Ensemble 4DVar Method With Local Gamma Dose Rate Measurements." In 2018 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone26-81609.
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An inverse source estimation method is proposed to reconstruct emission rates of multi-radionuclides using local gamma dose rate measurements under the data assimilation framework. It involves the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD)-based ensemble four-dimensional variational data assimilation (PODEn4DVar) algorithm and a transfer coefficient matrix (TCM) created using FLEXPART, a Lagrangian atmospheric dispersion model. PODEn4DVar is a hybrid data assimilation method that exploits the strengths of both the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) and the 4DVar assimilation method. With an explicit expression of control (state) variables in the cost functional, the data assimilation process is substantially simplified than traditional 4D variational method. By setting a unit emission rate and running the ATDM model (FLEXPART in this article) driven by meteorological fields forecasted with WRF, we get the transfer coefficient matrix with the progression of nuclear accident. TCM not only acts as observation operator in PODEn4DVar, but also eliminates the control run in traditional data assimilation framework. The method is tested by twin experiments with ratios of nuclides assumed to be known. With pseudo observations based on Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant (FDNPP) accident, most of the emission rates were estimated accurately, except under conditions when wind blew off land toward the sea and at extremely slow wind speeds near the FDNPP. Because of the long duration of accident and variability of meteorological fields, measurements from land only in local area is unable to offer enough information to support emergency response. With abundant measurements of gamma dose rate, emission rates can be reconstructed sequentially with the progression of nuclear accident. Therefore, the proposed method has the potential to be applied to nuclear emergency response after improvement.
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Ma, Yuanwei, Dezhong Wang, Wenji Tan, Zhilong Ji, and Kuo Zhang. "Assessing Sensitivity of Observations in Source Term Estimation for Nuclear Accidents." In 2012 20th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering and the ASME 2012 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone20-power2012-54491.
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In the Fukushima nuclear accident, due to the lack of field observations and the complexity of source terms, researchers failed to estimate the source term accurately immediately. Data assimilation methods to estimate source terms have many good features: they works well with highly nonlinear dynamic models, no linearization in the evolution of error statistics, etc. This study built a data assimilation system using the ensemble Kalman Filter for real-time estimates of source parameters. The assimilation system uses a Gaussian puff model as the atmospheric dispersion model, assimilating forward with the observation data. Considering measurement error, numerical experiments were carried on to verify the stability and accuracy of the scheme. Then the sensitivity of observation configration is tested by the twin experiments. First, the single parameter release rate of the source term is estimated by different sensor grid configurations. In a sparse sensors grid, the error of estimation is about 10%, and in a 11*11 grid configuration, the error is less than 1%. Under the analysis of the Fukushima nuclear accident, ahead for the actual situation, four parameters are estimated at the same time, by 2*2 to 11*11 grid configurations. The studies showed that the radionuclides plume should cover as many sensors as possible, which will lead a to successful estimation.
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Chen, Yen-Shu, Ansheng Lin, and Yng-Ruey Yuann. "Effects of the RHR Return Line Elevation to the Suppression Pool Temperature of the Lungmen ABWR Containment." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-16540.
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Lungmen Nuclear Power Plant in Taiwan is a twin-unit Advanced Boiling Water Reactor (ABWR) plant. In this study, a long-term GOTHIC model for the Lungmen ABWR primary containment response analysis is established. The wetwell space is vertically divided into several volumes to catch the pool temperature stratification effect. The long-term containment responses for a double-ended feedwater line break (FWLB) accident are calculated. The fuel decay heat is absorbed by the reactor coolant, and the coolant flows to the containment via the broken line. The suppression pool is gradually heated up by the high-temperature gas-water mixture following through horizontal vents. To reduce the pool temperature, the Residual Heat Removal (RHR) system will be required to operate in the suppression pool cooling mode. The RHR pumps have suction flow from suppression pool and discharge it to the RHR heat exchangers for cooling. The cooled water then returns to the pool. An elevated RHR return line is desired to avoid the cooled water being directly sucked again. The wetwell temperature stratification associated with the RHR return line elevation is investigated in this study. Effects of the RHR return line elevation on the pool temperature can be determined since the whole wetwell space is not lumped as a node only. The calculated peak pool temperature is 92.6°C based on the plant piping configuration. The peak temperature can be reduced to 88.9°C by returning the water via the wetwell spray spargers located in the top of the wetwell. However, it should be noted that using the wetwell spray also pressurizes the wetwell because the pool water temperature is higher than that of airspace during the late period of the event. Returning the pool water via the wetwell spray spargers is not suggested because it causes long-term wetwell pressurization.
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Gentile, Russell, Ladislav Vesely, Vipul Goyal, and Jayanta S. Kapat. "Transient Analysis of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Air Cooler With Using IDAES Model." In ASME Turbo Expo 2021: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2021-59276.
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Abstract The supercritical CO2 (sCO2) power cycle is a promising system for meeting future electricity grid demands. Its main advantage over Brayton cycles with other working fluids is its high net efficiency. To maintain this efficiency, the compressor must operate close to the critical point of CO2 (7.32 MPa and 31 °C). Maintaining a near constant inlet temperature is crucial, posing a design and operations challenge. In this study, we simulate the air cooler in an sCO2 power plant using a dynamic model with a focus on transient analysis. This was done for a 100 MWe sCO2 power cycle molten salt application (solar and nuclear reactors). For transient analysis, step changes in ambient temperature were simulated. A parametric study was also conducted using the model in steady-state. The model was implemented using the Institute for the Design of Advanced Energy Systems (IDAES) Process Systems Engineering (PSE) framework, an open-source software package. A brief description of the software architecture is given. Model applications and its overall fit in the digital twin landscape are also discussed.