Relevant bibliographies by topics / Nucleophilic effects of anions

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'Nucleophilic effects of anions'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 5 June 2025
Last updated: 1 August 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Nucleophilic effects of anions"

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Cervera, Maria, and Jordi Marquet. "Effects of superoxide anion generated from aromatic radical anions produced in nucleophilic aromatic photosubstitution reactions." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 76, no. 6 (1998): 966–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v98-044.

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Superoxide anion is generated from aromatic radical anions produced in nucleophilic aromatic photosubstitutions when the reactions are carried out in non-deoxygenated solutions of polar aprotic solvents. Superoxide anion thus generated displaces cyanide anion from acetonitrile and benzyl cyanide, ethoxide anion from ethyl acetate, and methanesulfenate anion from dimethyl sulfoxide. Hence, non-deoxygenated polar aprotic solvents should be avoided in nucleophilic aromatic photosubstitution reactions.Key words: superoxide, fluoride, nucleophilic aromatic photosubstitution.
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Attiogbe, Francis K., Wei Wang, Alastair McNeillie, and Raymond C. Francis. "The peroxymonocarbonate anions as pulp bleaching agents. Part 2. Mechanical pulp brightening and effects of metal ions." BioResources 5, no. 4 (2010): 2208–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.5.4.2221-2231.

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The peroxymonocarbonate mono-anion (HCO4─) is generated in solutions containing bicarbonate anions (HCO3─) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The mono-anion is believed to have a pKa value of ca. 10 and as such would start dissociating to the di-anion (CO42─) at pH ca. 8. The mono-anion should demonstrate electrophilic properties, while the di-anion should be a nucleophile. Results that appear to be due to electrophilic reactions of HCO4─ were presented in Part 1 of this series for lignin model compounds (LMCs) and chemical pulps. Some evidence was also observed for nucleophilic reactions with LMCs
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Kuzmič, Petr, and Milan Souček. "Substituent effects in aromatic photochemistry. UV irradiation of 3,4-dimethoxybenzonitrile and 3,4-dimethoxyacetophenone in the presence of inorganic anions." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 52, no. 4 (1987): 980–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19870980.

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Ultraviolet photolysis of 3,4-dimethoxybenzonitrile (Ia) and 3,4-dimethoxyacetophenone (IIa) in the presence of the hydroxide or cyanide anion leads to nucleophilic displacement of either the para or the meta methoxy substituent. The ratio of isomeric photoproducts is dependent upon the nature of the nucleophile. Photoreactions with the OH- anion lead exclusively to the substitution at C-3. On the other hand, both isomers are formed when acetophenone IIa is irradiated in the presence of CN-, with the C-3/C-4 substitution ratio 3:2. In the case of the photocyanation of Ia, the C-4 substituted p
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Bunton, Clifford A., and John R. Moffatt. "Micellar effects upon substitutions by nucleophilic anions." Journal of Physical Chemistry 92, no. 10 (1988): 2896–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100321a038.

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Hawker, Rebecca R., Ronald S. Haines, and Jason B. Harper. "The effect of varying the anion of an ionic liquid on the solvent effects on a nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 16, no. 18 (2018): 3453–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ob00651b.

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Zotti, G., G. Schiavon, and N. Comisso. "Anion effects on conductivity of isomorphous polypyrrole. Charge pinning by nucleophilic anions." Synthetic Metals 40, no. 3 (1991): 309–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0379-6779(91)92072-p.

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Kirby, Anthony J., José Carlos Gesser, Florian Hollfelder, Jacks P. Priebe, and Faruk Nome. "Intramolecular general acid catalysis of sulfate transfer — Nucleophilic attack by oxyanions on the SO3– group." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 83, no. 9 (2005): 1629–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v05-172.

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The mechanism of hydrolysis of 8-N,N-dimethylaminonaphthyl sulfate closely resembles that of the corresponding phosphate monoester. Nucleophilic attack by water on the sulfate group of the zwitterion is catalyzed by the neighbouring dimethylammonium group, acting as a particularly efficient general acid through the intramolecular hydrogen bond. This hydrogen bond is present in both reactant and product, but is strongest in the transition state. Transfer of the sulfuryl group to oxygen nucleophiles, including water and carboxylate anions, shows steric and electrostatic effects, and a sensitivit
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G., Venkateswarlu, Syamala P., V. Subba Rao P., and Ramakrishna K. "Kinetics of dissociation of tris(1,10-phenanthroline)iron(II) in aqueous and reverse micellar media- catalysis of CuII, NiII and CoII ions." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 80, Feb 2003 (2003): 86–90. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5836231.

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Department of Physical and Nuclear Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530 003, India <em>E-mail :</em> p_ vsrao@hotmail.com <em>Manuscript received 13 December 2001, revised 3 June 2002, accepted 13 August 2002</em> The rate of dissociation of tris(1,10-phenanthroline)iron(ll) ([Fe(phen)3]<sup>2+</sup>) is markedly increased in the presence of metal ions, Cu<sup>II</sup>, Ni<sup>II</sup> and Co<sup>II</sup> in the water pools of CTAB reverse micelles in chloroform-hexane mixture (3 : 2, v/v) compared to the aqueous medium. In both the media, the k&#39;-(Metal ion]
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Afzal, D., та K. R. Fountain. "Exploration of the α-effect by substitution on hydroxylamine anions. I. Effects of alkyl- and fluoroalkylation". Canadian Journal of Chemistry 92, № 4 (2014): 346–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2013-0246.

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Many explanations for the α-effect have been suggested. Most are simple models conjecturing various sources affecting the nucleophilic behavior. This paper provides a comprehensive study of electronic effects using the single α-atom lone electron pair of substituted hydroxyl amine anions. This substituent scheme shows that the interaction of this lone pair with the negatively charged oxygen atom is an important indicator of reactivity.
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Toma, Mateja, Gabrijel Zubčić, Jasmina Lapić, Senka Djaković, Davor Šakić, and Valerije Vrček. "Ferrocenoyl-adenines: substituent effects on regioselective acylation." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 18 (September 19, 2022): 1270–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.18.133.

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A series of N6-substituted adenine–ferrocene conjugates was prepared and the reaction mechanism underlying the synthesis was explored. The SN2-like reaction between ferrocenoyl chloride and adenine anions is a regioselective process in which the product ratio (N7/N9-ferrocenoyl isomers) is governed by the steric property of the substituent at the N6-position. Steric effects were evaluated by using Charton (empirical) and Sterimol (computational) parameters. The bulky substituents may shield the proximal N7 region of space, which prevents the approach of an electrophile towards the N7 atom. As
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Nucleophilic effects of anions"

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Fraser, Georgina. "Ionic liquid effects on nucleophilic substitutions." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/17827.

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In this thesis we demonstrate a fundamental difference between nucleophilic substitution reaction mechanisms in ionic liquids versus conventional solvents. Reported herein are the effects of ionic liquid solvents on substitution reactions between a cationic electrophile and the chloride anion of various organic and inorganic salts. We have combined novel quantitative studies of the nucleophilic source [Cat]Cl with our studies of [C4C1im]Cl and compared their reactivities, k2. For the first time, Eyring activation parameters have been calculated for substitution reactions between charged specie
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Drees, Paul Frederick. "Secondary Isotope Effects of Nucleophilic Vinylic Substitution." W&M ScholarWorks, 1986. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625350.

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Sookhun, Shatrugan. "Jahn-Teller effects in C₆₀ anions." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.411506.

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HADDAD-FAHED, OMAIMA. "Catalyse micellaire de reactions de substitution nucleophile aromatique comportant des reactifs electriquement charges." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066419.

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García, Samuel A. (Samuel Anthony). "Substituent Effects on Diazeniumdiolate Anions: an AB Initio and DFT Study." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1997. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277741/.

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Nitroglycerin and isoamyl nitrate have been used as nitrovasodilators since the nineteeth century. However, not until recently has it been known that these compounds were useful since they promoted the release of NO in the body. More recently, a new class of drugs, NO donors, has been developed. These include S-nitrosothiols (RSNO), sydnonimines, and nucleophilic NO adducts.
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Brammer, Larry E. "The elucidation of single electron transfer (SET) mechanisms in the reactions of nucleophiles with carbonyl compounds." Diss., This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-151247/.

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Zheng, Huaiben. "Kinetics and mechanism of the hydrolysis and nucleophilic attachment/substitution of transition metal carbene complexes : kinetics of carbon proton transfers that lead to aromatic anions /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2006. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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Takagi, Hiroshi. "Effects of manipulating dietary cation-anion balance on calcium metabolism in sheep." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=75683.

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Experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of reducing dietary anion-cation balance (AC-balance), defined as meq $ sp circ$(Sodium + Potassium)-(Chloride + Sulfur) S, on calcium (Ca) metabolism. Reducing the dietary AC-balance from +314 to $-22$ (meq kg$ sp{-1}$ dry matter (DM)) did not affect plasma Ca level but reduced Ca retention mainly due to a 10-fold increase in urinary Ca excretion with similar rate of apparent absorption. It also decreased urine pH and titratable acidity. The response to induced hypocalcemia created by the infusion of 4.6% EDTA solution revealed that reducin
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Tellefsen, Karen. "The effects of temperature and adsorbed anions on the initial stages of surface oxidation of gold electrodes." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5124.

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Sato, Shinjiro. "Phosphorus sorption and desorption in a Brazilian ultisol effects of pH and organic anions on phosphorus bioavailability /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0001359.

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Books on the topic "Nucleophilic effects of anions"

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Persson, Jonas. ¹⁸F/¹⁹F and ¹¹C/¹⁴C kinetic isotope effects in nucleophilic substitution reactions. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 1995.

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Christian, Gloxhuber, and Künstler Klaus 1948-, eds. Anionic surfactants: Biochemistry, toxicology, dermatology. 2nd ed. M. Dekker, 1992.

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Effects of Certain Anions on the Linear Starch-Triiodide Blue Complex. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2021.

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Book chapters on the topic "Nucleophilic effects of anions"

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Jajoo, Anjana, Sudhakar Bharti, and Govindjee. "Inorganic anions induce state changes in spinach thylakoid membranes." In Photosynthesis: Mechanisms and Effects. Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3953-3_293.

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Darensbourg, Marcetta York. "Ion Pairing Effects on Transition Metal Carbonyl Anions." In Progress in Inorganic Chemistry. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470166345.ch5.

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Katritzky, Alan R. "The Non-Chain Radicaloid Mechanism of Some Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions." In Substituent Effects in Radical Chemistry. Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4758-0_30.

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Thomasset, Brigitte, Jean-Noël Barbotin, and Daniel Thomas. "Immobilized Chloroplast Membranes: Effects of Cations and Antichaotropes Anions." In Ion Interactions in Energy Transfer Biomembranes. Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8410-6_31.

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Jencks, William P. "Effects of Solvation on Nucleophilic Reactivity in Hydroxylic Solvents." In Advances in Chemistry. American Chemical Society, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ba-1987-0215.ch010.

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Bunton, Clifford A., Marutirao M. Mhala, and John R. Moffatt. "Micellar Charge Effects Upon Spontaneous Nucleophilic Additions and Substitutions." In Surfactants in Solution. Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7981-6_6.

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Wetterholm, A., and J. Z. HaeggströM. "Effects of Anions on the Peptidase Activity of Leukotriene A4 Hydrolase." In Eicosanoids and Other Bioactive Lipids in Cancer, Inflammation and Radiation Injury. Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3520-1_11.

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Elbert, W., and M. O. Andreae. "Deposition of Organic Anions at a Semi-Rural Site in Central Europe." In Mechanisms and Effects of Pollutant-Transfer into Forests. Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1023-2_12.

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Olesen, Kenneth, and Lars-Erik Andréasson. "The Reactivation of Chloride Depleted Photosystem II Membranes with Different Anions. The Relevance of the Two-State Binding Model." In Photosynthesis: Mechanisms and Effects. Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3953-3_335.

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Srivastava, S. K., and S. S. Katiyar. "Effect Of Cationic and Anionic Surfactants on the Nucleophilic Addition of Cyanide Ion to an N-alkyl Substituted Triphenylmethyl Carbonium Ion." In Surfactants in Solution. Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0839-3_17.

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Conference papers on the topic "Nucleophilic effects of anions"

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Murray, John N. "Activation of the Al-Zn-In Anode; Effects of the Test Solution, Part 2." In CORROSION 2007. NACE International, 2007. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2007-07080.

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Abstract The effects of the sodium cation based, chloride, sulfate, nitrate and bicarbonate anions on the electrochemical behavior of the indium activated aluminum alloy, sacrificial anode material referred to as G-3 were presented as P/N 06682 in CORROSION/2006. The electrochemical effects of the possibly passivating phosphate and borate anions, with and without the presence of chloride were then evaluated. These results and a summary of the overall study are presented.
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Xu, Qiufa, Kewei Gao, and Xiaolu Pang. "Effects of Anions on the Crevice Corrosion Behavior of Copper in Groundwater." In CORROSION 2015. NACE International, 2015. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2015-05610.

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Abstract As a clean and efficient energy source, nuclear power has been widely used around the world, but high-level radioactive waste (HLW) has become a major risk. The principal strategy for HLW disposal in China is deep underground burial in stable geological formations. Metal containers are the first barrier to protect HLW against leakage. At present, packaging material selection for geological disposal is different in different countries because of the differing geological conditions. Copper is a candidate material for these containers, and the corrosion behavior of it has been studied in
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Congdon, J. W. "Inhibition of Nuclear Waste Solutions Containing Multiple Aggressive Anions." In CORROSION 1988. NACE International, 1988. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1988-88274.

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Abstract The inhibition of localized corrosion of carbon steel in caustic, high-level radioactive waste solutions was studied using cyclic potentiodynamic polarization scans, supplemented by partially immersed coupon tests. The electrochemical tests provided a rapid and accurate means of determining the relationship between the minimum inhibitor requirements and the concentration of the aggressive anions in this system. Nitrate, sulfate, chloride, and fluoride were identified as aggressive anions, however, no synergistic effects were observed between these anions. This observation may have imp
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Murray, John N. "Activation of the Al-Zn-In Anode; Effects of the Test Solution Composition." In CORROSION 2006. NACE International, 2006. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2006-06682.

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Abstract The majority of investigations of Al-Zn-In sacrificial anode alloys has involved determining the electrochemical behavior in natural or substitute ocean water. Several investigators have noted that the activation process “needs” chloride ion (Cl-) and there are at least two publications suggesting the sulfate (SO4=) anion inhibits aluminum corrosion and/or indium activated alloy capability. Therefore, activation testing was conducted with a variety of anions including mixed chloride/sulfate solutions of various combinations and concentrations. The results are presented and discussed.
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Liu, Jing, Akram Alfantazi, and Edouard Asselin. "The Pitting Corrosion of Titanium in Aggressive Environments: a Review." In CORROSION 2016. NACE International, 2016. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2016-07135.

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Abstract This study presents an overview of a number of factors influencing the pitting corrosion of Ti in aggressive environments. Firstly, the effects of temperature and metal cations on the pitting corrosion of Ti are summarized based on previous research. The pitting corrosion of Ti in chloride solutions is strongly temperature-dependent; the breakdown potential Eb decreases as the operating temperature increases. The presence of oxidizing metal cations can cause severe pitting on Ti in chloride solutions. Secondly, the inhibition effects of different oxygen-containing anions, such as CrO4
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Miyasaka, Akihiro. "Thermodynamic Estimation of PH of Sour and Sweet Environments as Influenced by the Effects of Anions and Cations." In CORROSION 1992. NACE International, 1992. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1992-92005.

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Abstract A new technique was proposed for estimating the pH of concentrated aqueous solutions in equilibrium with high pressure H2S and CO2 from ambient to elevated temperatures. The effects of co-existing anions (carbonate and sulfate) and cations (alkali and alkali-earth metal ions) were taken into consideration through their influence on dissociation equilibria as well as on activity coefficients. The physico-chemical parameters were obtained by thermodynamic estimation; the H2S and CO2 solubility constants were calculated by a Correspondence principle, and the dissociation constants of H2S
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Pulvirenti, A. L., K. M. Needham, M. A. Adel-Hadadi, A. Barkatt, C. R. Marks, and J. A. Gorman. "Effects of Potentially Aggressive Species on Corrosion of UNS N06022 under Highly Acidic and Basic Conditions." In CORROSION 2002. NACE International, 2002. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2002-02551.

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Abstract Alloy 22 disks and U-bend samples were tested in high-ionic-strength acidic and basic environments containing a variety of potentially aggressive additives, including both metal ions (e.g., lead and mercury) and anions (e.g., thiosulfate and sulfide). In acidic solutions, temperatures of 210-250°C, for test periods of 2-8 weeks, U-bend samples in the presence of Pb or Hg exhibited significant pitting and, in one case in the presence of Pb, catastrophic cracking. At temperatures around 160°C, some samples exposed to acidic media containing Pb and Hg exhibited localized corrosion. Enhan
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Herro, H. M. "Deposit-Related Corrosion in Industrial Cooling Water Systems." In CORROSION 1989. NACE International, 1989. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1989-89197.

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Abstract Deposits are frequently associated with corrosion in cooling water systems. Many corrosion processes are understood, while others need further characterization. Attack involves concentration cells, erosion-corrosion, stress-corrosion cracking and galvanic effects. Common sources of cooling water deposits are identified. Corrosion modes are reviewed. Industrial failures are used to illustrate each attack mode. Effects of oxygen, aggressive anions and tuberculation are discussed. Unusual cases of biofouling, and related cases of erosion-corrosion, and stress-corrosion cracking phenomena
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Taylor, Benjamin, Yimin Zeng, Haofei Sun, and Jing Liu. "Corrosion of 2Cr Steel in Supercritical CO2 Saturated Saline Water with Cl, S and Br Anions." In CONFERENCE 2023. AMPP, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2023-19014.

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Abstract Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is a set of promising technologies developed to meet global sustainable energy production and climate control goals. Among them, the application of supercritical CO2 captured from various industrial emitters for assisting enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is seen as an economic and efficient pathway. Because of their low cost and acceptable mechanical properties, low alloy steels are the primary materials of construction in s-CO2 EOR systems although they are highly susceptible to corrosion in wet s-CO2 environments, especially with the presen
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Kuznetsov, Yu I. "The Role of Chemical Structure of Organic Compounds in Corrosion Inhibition." In CORROSION 1989. NACE International, 1989. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1989-89134.

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Abstract Some achievements in corrosion inhibition of metals by organic compounds are considered on the basis of analysing the scientific publications during the last decade. The influence of chemical structure of organic compounds on inhibitor protection of various metals dissolving from the active state or undergoing localized corrosion is given special attention. The great importance of considering both the electronic and solvation effects as well as further development of the complex formation concept for better understanding of the inhibition process is emphasized. Attention is drawn to t
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Reports on the topic "Nucleophilic effects of anions"

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Cahan, B. D., H. M. Villullas, and E. B. Yeager. The Effects of Trace Anions on the Voltammetry of Single Crystal Gold Surfaces. Defense Technical Information Center, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada211886.

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Pesis, Edna, Elizabeth J. Mitcham, Susan E. Ebeler, and Amnon Lers. Application of Pre-storage Short Anaerobiosis to Alleviate Superficial Scald and Bitter Pit in Granny Smith Apples. United States Department of Agriculture, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7593394.bard.

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There is increased demand for high quality fruit produced and marketed with reduced chemical inputs to minimize toxic effects on human health and the environment. Granny Smith (GS) apple quality is reduced by two major physiological disorders, superficial scald and bitter pit (BP). These disorders cause great loss to apple growers worldwide. Superficial scald is commonly controlled by chemical treatments, mainly the antioxidant diphenylamine (DPA) and/or the ethylene action inhibitor, 1-methylcyclopropene (1–MCP). Both chemicals are ineffective in controlling bitter pit incidence. We proposed
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