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Journal articles on the topic 'Number handwriting'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 9 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

CHA, SUNG-HYUK, CHARLES C. TAPPERT, MICHAEL GIBBONS, and YI-MIN CHEE. "AUTOMATIC DETECTION OF HANDWRITING FORGERY USING A FRACTAL NUMBER ESTIMATE OF WRINKLINESS." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 18, no. 07 (2004): 1361–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001404003642.

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We investigate the detection of handwriting forged by novices. To facilitate document examination it is important to develop an automated system to identify forgeries, or at least to identify those handwritings that are likely to be forged. Because forgers often carefully copy or trace genuine handwriting, we hypothesize that good forgeries — those that retain the shape and size of genuine writing — are usually written more slowly and are therefore wrinklier (less smooth) than genuine writing. From online handwriting samples we find that the writing speed of the good forgeries is significantly

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Gupta, Shruti, Rakesh K. Garg, and Surinder Nath. "Assessment of natural variations in letter formations incorporating master pattern of handwriting." Nowa Kodyfikacja Prawa Karnego 44 (December 29, 2017): 65–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/2084-5065.44.6.

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Handwriting is made up of countless habitual patterns. An individual’s handwriting is made up of a complexity of habitual patterns that are repeated within a typical range of variation around the model patterns. The muscle coordination of these and perceptions of how an individual sense form helps each one to develop one’s own Master Pattern of writing. A total number of 540 60 samples from each age group — 30 samples each from males & females, has been collected from 9 different age groups. Three handwriting samples — two in present handwriting with a gap of 5–10 minutes between the two

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Varsha Yadav, Jitender Singh Parmar, Bhoopesh Kumar Sharma,. "Comparison of Handwriting of Accustomed and Unaccustomed Hand of Individuals and Ascertaining Their Identifiable Parameters." Tuijin Jishu/Journal of Propulsion Technology 44, no. 4 (2023): 4151–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/tjjpt.v44.i4.1636.

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In an effort to conceal their identity, writers often try to change their usual handwriting to disguise. Many times, a master disguise is created through the act of writing with an unaccustomed hand. Due to a sudden loss of pen control and motor skills, the handwriting's pictorial appearance changes in disguise to the point where the writers assume success and becomes convinced that the disguised handwriting, they have produced cannot be linked to them when compared to their typical genuine writing style. In the present study, samples of handwriting from a number of people were collected, both

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Coradinho, Helena, Filipe Melo, Gabriela Almeida, et al. "Relationship between Product and Process Characteristics of Handwriting Skills of Children in the Second Grade of Elementary School." Children 10, no. 3 (2023): 445. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children10030445.

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The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the quality and speed of handwriting and the process characteristics of the handwriting of children in the second grade of elementary school considered as a function of age and gender. A sample of 57 children (mean age 7.25 years, SD 0.43) participated in the study. The Concise Assessment Method for Children’s Handwriting (BHK) was used to assess the quality and speed of handwriting. The characteristics of the process of handwriting were assessed using MovAlyzeR® software. The handwriting of boys showed a significantly greater n

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Dziechciaruk, Janusz. "Reflections on the nature of individuality in the process of identifying handwriting and signatures." Problems of Forensic Sciences, no. 125 (2021): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/12307483pfs.20.002.14782.

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The fundamental principle of identification, based on the condition that there is a unique combination of independent discriminating elements in handwriting, is analysed. The results of experiments conducted on distorted handwriting suggest that there may only be one handwriting habit that is responsible for the individuality of handwriting. By analysing disguised and simulated signatures and applying the isochrony principle, it seems reasonable to conclude that the mutual interaction between the speed of writing and the curvature of a graphic line is the only habit, and the quality of a graph

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Lopez, C., A. Cannafarina, and L. Vaivre-Douret. "Validity of kinematics measures to assess handwriting development and disorders with a graphomotor task." European Psychiatry 64, S1 (2021): S212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.564.

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IntroductionHandwriting disorder is considered to be one of the major public health problems among school-aged children worldwide. All the scales in the literature use handwriting tasks but it could be interesting to investigate a more accurate assessment of handwriting difficulties before the development and acquisition of handwriting as such.ObjectivesThe objective of our study is to examine the validity of a prescriptural task consisting of copying a line of cycloid loops in the diagnosis of handwriting disorders.Methods 35 children with handwriting disabilities and 331 typically developing

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Mamchur, O. "RESEARCH OF MANUSCRIPTS, PERFORMED ON DIFFERENT SURFACES AT CONDUCTING A FORENSIC HANDWRITING EXAMINATION." Criminalistics and Forensics, no. 66 (2021): 799–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.33994/kndise.2020.66.58.

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The purpose of the article is to study the issues of qualification of objects of forensic handwriting examination. Handwritten notes made on different surfaces in the system of objects of handwriting examination are considered. Specific features of the appointment and performance of handwriting examinations in relation to handwriting objects made on different surfaces are presented. It is concluded that the identification of the performer of a particular recording is possible only when the features of the performer’s handwriting are sufficiently reflected, which in its totality are individual,

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POTKONJAK, VELJKO. "ROBOTIC HANDWRITING." International Journal of Humanoid Robotics 02, no. 01 (2005): 105–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021984360500034x.

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Handwriting has always been considered an important human task, and accordingly it has attracted the attention of researchers working in biomechanics, physiology, and related fields. There exist a number of studies on this area. This paper considers the human–machine analogy and relates robots with handwriting. The work is two-fold: it improves the knowledge in biomechanics of handwriting, and introduces some new concepts in robot control. The idea is to find the biomechanical principles humans apply when resolving kinematic redundancy, express the principles by means of appropriate mathematic

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UEDA, KATSUHIKO, KEN'ICHI MATSUO, and BONNIE L. SCHWID. "EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF INDIVIDUALITY OF JAPANESE HANDWRITING." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 23, no. 05 (2009): 869–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001409007545.

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A handwriting examination to determine the writer (writer verification and writer identification) is based upon the hypothesis that each person has characteristic handwriting that is distinct from the handwriting of other individuals. This hypothesis has been accepted empirically through many case studies. However, this hypothesis must be established with scientific and quantitative rigor in order to increase its admissibility as forensic evidence. This paper describes the results of a quantitative investigation into individuality of Japanese handwriting. The authors investigated the individua

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Furqat, Sobirov. "MODERN STATE OF FORENSIC HANDWRITING EXPERTISE." International Journal Of Law And Criminology 03, no. 01 (2023): 66–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ijlc/volume03issue01-12.

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This article presents a brief history of the emergence and development of forensic handwriting expertise, one of the independent types of traditional forensic examinations, the current state of forensic handwriting expertise in the Republic of Uzbekistan, its role in solving crimes, the modern relevance of this type of forensic examination. Also, in practice, a brief analysis of a number of problems existing in the process of forming the conclusions of the handwriting examination, which will be compiled at the end of this type of examination, was carried out, and proposals were made to elimina

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Fang, Fengyi, Hongwei Zhang, Lishuang Zhan, et al. "Handwriting Velcro." Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 6, no. 4 (2022): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3569461.

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Text input is a desired feature for AR glasses. While there already exist various input modalities (e.g., voice, mid-air gesture), the diverse demands required by different input scenarios can hardly be met by the small number of fixed input postures offered by existing solutions. In this paper, we present Handwriting Velcro, a novel text input solution for AR glasses based on flexible touch sensors. The distinct advantage of our system is that it can easily stick to different body parts, thus endowing AR glasses with posture-adaptive handwriting input. We explored the design space of on-body

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Yang, Chiew Yung, Chin Chin Lim, and Yvonne Hui Ying Sim. "A Study on the Handwriting of Adolescents in Singapore." Journal of the American Society of Questioned Document Examiners 19, no. 2 (2016): 19–27. https://doi.org/10.69525/jasqde.233.

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The handwriting of adolescents is an interesting and challenging topic. Although a number of similar studies have been conducted in the past, most of these pertain to handwriting in North America and as such, research is limited in Asia. The way handwriting is taught can vary significantly across geographical locations. As shown in the preliminary study conducted in 2014 on the handwriting of 60 students in Secondary 1 (12 to 13 year olds) from a school in Singapore, the writing styles and prominent characteristics of the local population showed differences from those previously reported in ot

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Tamošiūnaitė, Rasa. "HANDWRITING EXPERTISE IN THE FORENSIC SCIENCE CENTRE OF LITHUANIA: PRESENT ACTIONS AND FUTURE VISION." Criminalistics and Forensics, no. 67 (August 9, 2022): 365–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.33994/kndise.2022.67.37.

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Recently, the number of expert investi gations in handwriting evidence at the Lithuanian Forensic Examination Centre (LTEC) has significantly decreased. The decrease has been observed for several years already. The present article analyses possible reasons for the decrease in the number of expert investigations in handwriting in LT EC and the importance of such investigation in the context of judicial research, court proceeding, and criminal investigations. Also, the article deals with the use of electronic signatures and associated security problems in the digital environment. Key words: hand

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Delazer, Margarete, Laura Zamarian, and Atbin Djamshidian. "Handwriting in Alzheimer’s Disease." Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 82, no. 2 (2021): 727–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jad-210279.

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Background: Agraphia is a typical feature in the clinical course of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Objective: Assess the differences between AD and normal aging as regards kinematographic features of handwriting and elucidate writing deficits in AD. Methods: The study included 23 patients with AD (78.09 years/SD = 7.12; MMSE 21.39/SD = 3.61) and 34 healthy controls (75.56 years/SD = 5.85; MMSE 29.06/SD = 0.78). Both groups performed alphabetical and non-alphabetical writing tasks. The kinematographic assessment included the average number of inversions per stroke (NIV; number of peaks in the veloci

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Zakharov, Vladimir. "How Many Handwritings Does Dostoevsky Have: Typology Tasks." Неизвестный Достоевский 10, no. 3 (2023): 42–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.15393/j10.art.2023.6861.

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Dostoevsky's handwriting has only recently become the subject of special research. This was facilitated by a number of tasks of studying the manuscript corpus of Dostoevsky's texts. Modern scholars often do not entirely know the grammar and graphics of the writer. A significant volume of Dostoevsky's manuscripts is written in illegible cursive. It is not always possible for researchers to confidently determine who created the handwritten text — the author or the scribe. In many cases, there is no relatively accurate printed reproduction of manuscripts. Some of the complex texts were read mista

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Singh, Rudra. "A Survey on Decoding Personalities through Handwriting Analysis." international journal of advanced research in computer science 15, no. 3 (2024): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.26483/ijarcs.v15i3.7084.

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A person's personality is a combination of their unique traits and attributes, influenced by their development, ideals, and connections with the community, life experiences, routines, and abilities. Handwriting characteristics can reveal aspects of one's personality, behaviour, and even psychiatric traits. Graphology, the study of handwriting, is used to examine these traits. Previous studies have focused on a limited number of handwriting characteristics, but graphology suggests that a wide range of stroke qualities can reflect psychological traits. This survey explores various methods for fe

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Bazarkulova, Aisaule. "KAZAKH HANDWRITING RECOGNITION." Suleyman Demirel University Bulletin Natural and Technical Sciences 62, no. 1 (2024): 88–102. https://doi.org/10.47344/sdubnts.v62i1.963.

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Recognition of handwritten text is one aspect of objectrecognition and known as handwriting detection cause of a computer’spotential to recognize and comprehend readable handwriting from resourcesincluding paper files, touch smart devices, images, etc. Data is categorized intoa number of classes or groups using pattern recognition. The paper presents asuccessful experiment in recognizing handwritten Kazakh text usingConvolutional Recurrent Neural Network based architectures and the KazakhAutonomous Handwritten Text Dataset. The proposed algorithm achieved anoverall accuracy of 86.36% and showe

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Birincioğlu, İsmail, Mustafa Uzun, Nevzat Alkan, Ömer Kurtaş, Rıza Yılmaz, and Muhammet Can. "Changes in Handwriting due to Alzheimer’s Disease a Case Report." Bulletin of Legal Medicine 21, no. 2 (2016): 116–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17986/blm.2015220397.

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Handwriting and signature comparisons are frequently performed in forensic investigations of documents. Mistakes in conclusion might be due to lack of sufficient documentation and information. Many factors can affect handwriting and signature. These factors are divided into two groups: dependent or independent of the individual at the time the handwriting or signature is made. Therefore, the situations leading to differences between individuals and in the individual’s own handwriting and signature should be determined. Currently, average life expectancy and quality have increased due to the de

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Mishchuk, V. A. "Using Artificial Neural Networks for Solving Forensic Handwriting Examination Problems: Foreign Experience Analysis." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science 20, no. 1 (2025): 44–65. https://doi.org/10.30764/1819-2785-2025-1-44-65.

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This paper studies the foreign experience of artificial neural networks (ANN) application in forensic handwriting examination. Given the active ANN implementation in various areas of public life, greater attention is paid to the integration of this technology into forensic activities. According to the opinion of a number of scientists and lawyers the issue of applying neural networks to forensic handwriting examination is particularly acute as they can significantly improve the objectivity of handwriting examinations.The article gives a brief overview of history and current developments in com

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Truxius, Lidia, Michelle N. Maurer, Judith Sägesser Wyss, and Claudia M. Roebers. "The internal structure of handwriting proficiency in beginning writers." PLOS ONE 19, no. 1 (2024): e0296096. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0296096.

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Fluent and automatized handwriting frees cognitive resources for more complex elements of writing (i.e., spelling or text generation) or even math tasks (i.e., operating) and is therefore a central objective in primary school years. Most previous research has focused on the development of handwriting automaticity across the school years and characteristics of handwriting difficulties in advanced writers. However, the relative and absolute predictive power of the different kinematic aspects for typically developing beginning handwriting remains unclear. The purpose of the present study was to i

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Kelaskar, Neha, Aditya Waje, and Resham R. Gangan. "To Find Correlation of Visual Perception with Handwriting in Mainstream School Children Aged 10-12 Years in Mumbai." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 13, no. 8 (2023): 251–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20230835.

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Visual perception is the process by which the brain organizes and extracts information. Handwriting is one of the basic tasks of the elementary grades in all school systems. It is believed that visual motor integration and visual perceptual skills are dependent on each other. There are numerous studies that suggest a correlation between visual motor integration and handwriting, but there is scarcity of evidence in the literature showing exclusive role of visual perception on handwriting. In this cross-sectional study, we aim to find the correlation of visual perception with handwriting. A tota

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Gawda, Barbara. "Lack of evidence for the assessment of personality traits using handwriting analysis." Polish Psychological Bulletin 45, no. 1 (2014): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ppb-2014-0011.

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Abstract Background: The aim of the study is to clarify the beliefs and numerous doubts about the possible identification of personality in handwriting. The purpose of the described studies was to show an association between personality traits and handwriting features. The author aimed to verify whether or not there are any specific characteristics of writing in relation to personality traits. | Method: Two different studies have been described. A different number of subjects participated in the investigations and different techniques for personality assessment were used; however, the same set

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Pathak, Ajeet Ram, Abhishek Raut, Soham Pawar, Mansi Nangare, Harshdeep Singh Abbott, and Pawan Chandak. "Personality analysis through handwriting recognition." Journal of Discrete Mathematical Sciences and Cryptography 23, no. 1 (2020): 19–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09720529.2020.1721856.

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Masasi, Gianino, James Purnama, and Maulahikmah Galinium. "Development of an on-Premise Indonesian Handwriting Recognition Backend System Using Open Source Deep Learning Solution For Mobile User." Journal of Applied Information, Communication and Technology 7, no. 2 (2021): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.33555/jaict.v7i2.109.

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Existing handwriting recognition solution on mobile app provides off premise service which means the handwriting is processed in overseas servers. Data sent to abroad servers are not under our control and could be possibly mishandled or misused. As recognizing handwriting is a complex problem, deep learning is needed. This research has the objective of developing an on premise Indonesian handwriting recognition using open source deep learning solution. Comparison of various deep learning solution to be used in the development are done. The deep learning solution will be used to build architect

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Brіukhan, S. F., and N. V. Sirotenko. "PECULIARITIES OF PERFORMING MULTIOBJECT FORENSIC HANDWRITING EXAMINATIONS." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 18 (December 26, 2018): 295–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.2018.33.

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The specifics of multiobject forensic handwriting examination is considered. Urgency of their performing and the importance for making decisions on the case are underlined. Attention is drawn to the solution of specific problems that require different approaches, depending on the nature of research objects. Multistage character of research on a multitude of handwriting objects is singled out and features of a separate stage, namely preliminary research are considered. Importance of this stage for the further research planning, selection of the corresponding separate techniques by expert, const

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Kang, Eunyoung, Sunmin Um, and Myunggon Kim. "A study on writing fluency patterns by elementary school grade." Korea Learning Disabilities Association 21, no. 3 (2024): 49–70. https://doi.org/10.47635/kjld.2024.21.3.49.

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The purpose of this study is to analyze the developmental patterns of handwriting fluency by grade level in elementary school students and to examine whether differences arise based on the type of test presentation. By doing so, the study aims to offer insights into handwriting fluency development and implications for writing education. A total of 124 students from six randomly selected classes at an elementary school in Gyeonggi Province participated in the study, with one class per grade. The students completed handwriting fluency tests within a limited time, using two different types of wri

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Ren, Qing-Dao-Er-Ji, Lele Wang, Zerui Ma, and Saheya Barintag. "Offline Mongolian Handwriting Recognition Based on Data Augmentation and Improved ECA-Net." Electronics 13, no. 5 (2024): 835. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13050835.

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Writing is an important carrier of cultural inheritance, and the digitization of handwritten texts is an effective means to protect national culture. Compared to Chinese and English handwriting recognition, the research on Mongolian handwriting recognition started relatively late and achieved few results due to the characteristics of the script itself and the lack of corpus. First, according to the characteristics of Mongolian handwritten characters, the random erasing data augmentation algorithm was modified, and a dual data augmentation (DDA) algorithm was proposed by combining the improved

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Putri, Farica Perdana, and Adhi Kusnadi. "Pengenalan Tulisan Tangan Offline Dengan Algoritma Generalized Hough Transform dan Backpropagation." Jurnal ULTIMA Computing 10, no. 1 (2018): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31937/sk.v10i1.890.

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Offline handwriting recognition is a technique used to recognize handwriting in paper document which converting it to digital form. Each handwriting has a unique style and shape that can be used to identify the owner. This research aims to develop a method to recognize the digital data handwriting. The method combines two algorithms; the first is Generalized Hough Transform in feature extraction process to detect arbitrary objects on the image; the second algorithm is Backpropagation to train the neural network based on feature values from feature extraction process. Artificial Neural Network

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Huang, Tongcheng, Siyang Zhang, Xu Duan, and Ronglong Liang. "On-Line Handy Handwriting Chinese Characters Input for Non-Chinese Speakers Based on Wavelet Neural Network." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 30, no. 06 (2016): 1659017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001416590175.

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Non-Chinese speakers hold increasing opportunities and need to process Chinese information and communicate in Chinese. This paper, with the purpose of facilitating the handwriting input of Chinese characters for non-Chinese speakers, is directed towards the development of the handwriting rules and vocabulary for Latin-style anti-cursive characters and the ways of their selection and classification. This aims to build a practical platform by utilizing three characteristics of wavelet neural network — automatically ascertaining the number of hidden layer unit, converging rapidly and never runnin

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Suzuki, Yumi, Hiromi Fujii, Yuuki Haba, Aoi Onodera, Yuuka Nakamura, and Sakiko Nakamura. "Handwriting Training with a Board Prototype: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Engineering: Open Access 2, no. 4 (2024): 01–10. https://doi.org/10.33140/eoa.02.04.05.

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Purpose: This study investigated whether handwritten characters differ between letter tracing on a handwriting training system developed by the authors and letter tracing training on a paper. This study is registered in the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (Trial registration number: UMIN000055578). Materials and methods: This study developed a training system in which patients traced lines and figures carved onto a board. A training board and a paper sheet with similar lines and shapes were prepared. In total, 62 randomly selected participants traced lines and shapes with their nondominant hand

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Zolota, L., and I. Savchenko. "Problems of appointment of handwritten examination in civil judiciary." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law, no. 70 (June 18, 2022): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2022.70.25.

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The article is devoted to the issue of this type of evidence as providing an expert opinion in civil proceedings on the example of handwriting examination, because it is one of the most common types of forensic examination. It is known that the objects of handwriting are all possible types of documents, where the text is handwritten or signed by a person. The article deals with the tasks of forensic handwriting examination and their purpose. The current problems of appointment of handwriting examination by the court, which arise, in particular, when taking handwriting samples, are considered.

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Lambert, Eric, Sonia Kandel, Michel Fayol, and Eric Espéret. "The effect of the number of syllables on handwriting production." Reading and Writing 21, no. 9 (2007): 859–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11145-007-9095-5.

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I. Abdalla, Mahmoud, Mohsen A. Rashwan, and Mohamed A. Elserafy. "Generating realistic Arabic handwriting dataset." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 8, no. 4 (2019): 460. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v8i4.29786.

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During the previous year's holistic approach showing satisfactory results to solve ‎the ‎problem of Arabic handwriting word recognition instead of word letters ‎‎segmentation.‎ ‎In this paper, we present an efficient system for ‎ generation realistic Arabic handwriting dataset from ASCII input ‎text. We carefully selected simple word list that contains most Arabic ‎letters normal and ligature connection cases. To improve the ‎performance of new letters reproduction we developed our ‎normalization method that adapt its clustering action according to ‎created Arabic letters families. We enhanced

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Alamargot, Denis, Marie-France Morin, and Erika Simard-Dupuis. "Handwriting Delay in Dyslexia: Children at the End of Primary School Still Make Numerous Short Pauses When Producing Letters." Journal of Learning Disabilities 53, no. 3 (2020): 163–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022219420903705.

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Developmental dyslexia is defined as a specific reading disorder but is also thought to be underpinned by a deficit in motor skills that may well affect handwriting performance. However, the results of studies addressing this issue are not consistent. The present study was, therefore, designed to better understand the functioning of handwriting in children with dyslexia, by conducting an analysis of the legibility and fluency of handwritten letters, supplemented by an assessment of motor skills. The performances of 15 children with dyslexia ( Mage = 11.4 years) were compared with those of two

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M. Butaev, Mikhail, Mikhail Yu. Babich, Igor I. Salnikovq, Alexey I. Martyshkin, Dmitry V. Pashchenko, and Dmitry A. Trokoz. "Neural Network for Handwriting Recognition." Nexo Revista Científica 33, no. 02 (2020): 623–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/nexo.v33i02.10798.

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Today, in the digital age, the problem of pattern recognition is very relevant. In particular, the task of text recognition is important in banking, for the automatic reading of documents and their control; in video control systems, for example, to identify the license plate of a car that violated traffic rules; in security systems, for example, to check banknotes at an ATM and in many other areas. A large number of methods are known for solving the problem of pattern recognition, but the main advantage of neural networks over other methods is their learning ability. It is this feature that ma

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Golubović, Slavica, Nevena Ječmenica, Marijana Panić, and Vladica Žikić. "The characteristics of reading and orthography in children with dysgraphic handwriting." Nastava i vaspitanje 69, no. 2 (2020): 213–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/nasvas2002213g.

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The aim of this study was to analyze the characteristics of reading and the orthographic level of handwriting in children with dysgraphic handwriting and children with typical development in the early grades of primary school. The research sample consisted of 94 children in the 3rd and 4th grades of primary school. The Handwriting Dysgraphia Assessment Test was used to assess the level of handwriting dysgraphia, while the analysis of the orhographic level of handwriting involved the assessment of the frequency and type of orthographic errors. The Three-Dimensional Reading Test was used in the

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Morin, Marie-France, Natalie Lavoie, and Isabelle Montésinos-Gelet. "The Effects of Manuscript, Cursive or Manuscript/Cursive Styles on Writing Development in Grade 2." Language and Literacy 14, no. 1 (2012): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.20360/g21s3v.

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In the research area of writing development, an increasing number of researchers suggest that graphomotor skills could be much more important than they appear to be (Christensen, 2009). Few researchers have studied the link between handwriting and teaching practices, despite the fact that some studies indicate its importance (Graham, 2010). The general objective of this study is to explore the relationship between different handwriting styles and the development of writing skills among 715 children in Grade 2. Generally, our results show that the three handwriting styles (manuscript/cursive, m

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Morin, Marie-France, Natalie Lavoie, and Isabelle Montésinos-Gelet. "The Effects of Manuscript, Cursive or Manuscript/Cursive Styles on Writing Development in Grade 2." Language and Literacy 14, no. 1 (2012): 110–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.20360/g21s3.

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In the research area of writing development, an increasing number of researchers suggest that graphomotor skills could be much more important than they appear to be (Christensen, 2009). Few researchers have studied the link between handwriting and teaching practices, despite the fact that some studies indicate its importance (Graham, 2010). The general objective of this study is to explore the relationship between different handwriting styles and the development of writing skills among 715 children in Grade 2. Generally, our results show that the three handwriting styles (manuscript/cursive, m

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CORDELLA, L. P., C. DE STEFANO, and F. FONTANELLA. "EVOLUTIONARY PROTOTYPING FOR HANDWRITING RECOGNITION." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 21, no. 01 (2007): 157–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001407005351.

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A new prototyping method based on the evolutionary computation paradigm and on the concept of Vector Quantization is proposed. It uses a specifically devised evolutionary algorithm for evolving a set of prototype feature vectors and does not require any a priori knowledge about either the actual number of prototypes or the statistical properties of the input data. Experiments performed by using both synthetic data and handwritten digits randomly extracted from the NIST database have confirmed the effectiveness of the approach.

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Zhizhina, M. V., and I. R. Yagut’yan. "On the Form and Content of a Forensic Handwriting Expert’s Opinion." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science 14, no. 2 (2019): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.30764/1819-2785-2019-14-2-51-60.

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The content of a forensic handwriting expert’s opinion has been holding attention of both research scientists and practicing experts for many decades now since it is not only an essential evidence in court often being crucial to deciding on a case but also a document bringing together procedural and scientific methodological elements. Forensic handwriting examination is much in demand for court, it is also profoundly and comprehensively developed, supported by detailed methodological recommendations on drafting and processing of an expert’s opinion. However, the analysis of experts’ opinions f

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Tsao, Raphaele, Eloise Moy, Jean-Luc Velay, Nicolas Carvalho, and Carole Tardif. "Handwriting in Children and Adults With Down Syndrome: Developmental Delay or Specific Features?" American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities 122, no. 4 (2017): 342–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-122.4.342.

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Abstract While there is a long history and tradition of behavioral research on basic motor skills in Down syndrome (DS), there has been only limited research on handwriting ability. We analyzed the spatiotemporal features of handwriting produced by children and adults with DS (n = 24), and compared their productions with those of comparison groups matched for developmental (n = 24) or chronological (n = 24) age. Results indicated that the participants with DS performed an alphabet letter-writing task just as efficiently as the children of the same developmental age, in terms of the length, dur

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Alwagdani, Maram Saleh, and Emad Sami Jaha. "Deep Learning-Based Child Handwritten Arabic Character Recognition and Handwriting Discrimination." Sensors 23, no. 15 (2023): 6774. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23156774.

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Handwritten Arabic character recognition has received increasing research interest in recent years. However, as of yet, the majority of the existing handwriting recognition systems have only focused on adult handwriting. In contrast, there have not been many studies conducted on child handwriting, nor has it been regarded as a major research issue yet. Compared to adults’ handwriting, children’s handwriting is more challenging since it often has lower quality, higher variation, and larger distortions. Furthermore, most of these designed and currently used systems for adult data have not been t

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Bogolyubova, Yu D., A. A. Bukvich, S. M. Ivanova, and Z. V. Ilyichenkova. "Using Keyboard Handwriting for Control in Learning Systems." Informacionnye Tehnologii 29, no. 3 (2023): 136–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17587/it.29.136-142.

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The problem of student control with the help of keyboard handwriting is considered in the article. While working in an educational environment (for example, during certification), one of the users can perform tests for another. In this case, it is important to determine who exactly works at a particular moment in the training system. It is necessary to monitor continuously. It is advisable not to use personnel for this, as this is an unproductive waste of time. We assume that the full list of people working with the program at the moment is known. For analysis, data on the keyboard handwriting

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Kumalasanti, Rosalia Arum. "Writer Identification Based on Hand Writing using Artificial Neural Network." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Smart Technologies 3, no. 2 (2021): 257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24071/ijasst.v3i2.3920.

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Humans are social beings who depend on social interaction. Social interaction that is often used is communication. Communication is one of the bridges to connect social relations between humans. Communication can be delivered in two ways, namely verbal or nonverbal. Handwriting is an example of nonverbal communication using paper and writing utensils. Each individual's writing has its own uniqueness so that handwriting often becomes the character or characteristic of the author. The handwriting pattern usually becomes a character for the writer so that people who recognize the writing will eas

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Septiani, Dinda, Mohammad Fadhli, and Sopian Soim. "CNN ALGORITHM OPTIMIZATION FOR CLASSIFYING NUMBERS IN HANDWRITING." Transmisi: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro 1, no. 1 (2025): 57–63. https://doi.org/10.14710/transmisi.1.1.57-63.

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Handwritten numeral recognition is an important challenge in image processing, with wide applications in areas such as document processing and data automation. This research aims to optimize the performance of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model in classifying handwritten numerals on MNIST dataset. In this research, experiments were conducted with variations in the number of CNN layers to evaluate their effect on model accuracy. The results show that the model with 4 convolutional layers achieves the highest accuracy of 92.41%, which signifies a significant improvement in the model's abil

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Septiani, Dinda, Mohammad Fadhli, and Sopian Soim. "CNN ALGORITHM OPTIMIZATION FOR CLASSIFYING NUMBERS IN HANDWRITING." Transmisi: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro 27, no. 1 (2025): 57–63. https://doi.org/10.14710/transmisi.27.1.57-63.

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Handwritten numeral recognition is an important challenge in image processing, with wide applications in areas such as document processing and data automation. This research aims to optimize the performance of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model in classifying handwritten numerals on MNIST dataset. In this research, experiments were conducted with variations in the number of CNN layers to evaluate their effect on model accuracy. The results show that the model with 4 convolutional layers achieves the highest accuracy of 92.41%, which signifies a significant improvement in the model's abil

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Pasta, Gianluigi, Maria Elisa Mancuso, Filomena De Felice, et al. "Handwriting Analysis in Children and Adolescents with Hemophilia: A Pilot Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 11 (2020): 3663. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9113663.

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Background: Handwriting is a complex task that requires the integrity of different sensorimotor components to be performed successfully. Patients with hemophilia suffer from recurrent joint bleeds that may occur in the elbow, causing elbow dysfunction with handwriting performance impairment. In our study, we described instrumental dysgraphia that is related to functional disturbances. This pilot study aims to evaluate the handwriting performance in a group of patients with hemophilia. Methods: The study was performed at the Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center in Milan. Boys

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Wang, Weilan, Zhengjiang Li, Zhengqi Cai, Xiaobao Lv, Caike Zhaxi, and Yuehui Han. "Online Tibetan Handwriting Recognition for Large Character Set on New Databases." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 33, no. 10 (2019): 1953003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001419530033.

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The online handwriting recognition of Tibetan characters is still in its infancy. For further research, an online handwriting database of large Tibetan character set was developed, and a recognition research was carried out on this database as a baseline result. The Northwest Minzu University Online Tibetan Handwriting Database (NMU-OLTHWDB) contains 7240 different types of characters, and the sample number in each type is 5000. The total number of samples is [Formula: see text]. The database covers Tibetan Character Collection, Information Technology Tibetan Coded Character set (Extension Set

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Millstone, Noah. "Special Forum: Handwriting and Power in Early Stuart England Introduction." Journal of British Studies 62, no. 1 (2023): 132–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2023.1.

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Early Stuart England was awash in handwriting. Handwriting was the medium of property records, law, account books, and scholarly note taking. A large share of government was conducted through handwritten policy briefs, registers, and circular letters. Equally, it was the medium of prisoners, beggars, petitioners, and village wits. Collectors compiled handwritten poems, prophecies, speeches, recipes, and anecdotes. The number of English people who knew how to operate a printing press was probably in the low hundreds, the number who could write at least a bit likely in the hundreds of thousands.

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Jeiad, H. A. "Indian Number Handwriting Features Extraction and Classification using Multi-Class SVM." Engineering and Technology Journal 36, no. 1A (2018): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.30684/etj.2018.136753.

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