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Journal articles on the topic 'Numbers 16'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 July 2025

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1

Giacò, Antonio, Jacopo Franzoni, Angelino Carta, et al. "Chromosome numbers for the Italian flora: 16." Italian Botanist 19 (July 1, 2025): 167–70. https://doi.org/10.3897/italianbotanist.19.160327.

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This study presents the first chromosome numbers for Italian populations of two species with a Euro-Mediterranean distribution: Atocion rupestre (L.) Oxelman (Caryophyllaceae) and Mantisalca duriaei (Spach) Briq. & Cavill. (Asteraceae). Both counts confirm the chromosome numbers reported for populations of the same species in other European countries.

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2

Vaghefi Mirzadeh, Saeedeh Sadat, Mohammad Amini Rad, Soheila Ashrafi, and Adel Jalili. "Chromosome numbers of some native Iranian plants." Turczaninowia 27, no. 1 (2024): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/turczaninowia.27.1.2.

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Chromosome numbers of 11 native species from five families (Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Lamiaceae, and Fabaceae) of Iran were investigated. Most of them are endemic or subendemic species. This study aimed to determine chromosome number and provide general information on karyotype characteristics of selected native species of Iran. For Achillea kellalensis (2n = 18), Noccidium hastulatum (2n = 14), Phlomoides glabra (2n = 22), Astragalus gompholobium (2n = 16), Astragalus urbanus (2n = 16), Astragalus askius (2n = 16), Oxytropis iranica (2n = 16), chromosome numbers are reported for the

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3

Gorringe, Tim. "Three Texts about Moses: Numbers 12, 16 and 20." Expository Times 118, no. 4 (2007): 177–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0014524606074370.

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4

EHRLICH, PHILIP, and ELLIOT KAPLAN. "NUMBER SYSTEMS WITH SIMPLICITY HIERARCHIES: A GENERALIZATION OF CONWAY’S THEORY OF SURREAL NUMBERS II." Journal of Symbolic Logic 83, no. 2 (2018): 617–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jsl.2017.9.

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AbstractIn [16], the algebraico-tree-theoretic simplicity hierarchical structure of J. H. Conway’s ordered field ${\bf{No}}$ of surreal numbers was brought to the fore and employed to provide necessary and sufficient conditions for an ordered field to be isomorphic to an initial subfield of ${\bf{No}}$, i.e., a subfield of ${\bf{No}}$ that is an initial subtree of ${\bf{No}}$. In this sequel to [16], analogous results for ordered abelian groups and ordered domains are established which in turn are employed to characterize the convex subgroups and convex subdomains of initial subfields of ${\bf

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5

Roe, P. L. "Fluids by numbers." Physics in Technology 16, no. 4 (1985): 191–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4624/16/4/407.

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6

Rutkin, Aviva. "Dating by numbers." New Scientist 230, no. 3070 (2016): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(16)30708-4.

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7

DE WIT, DAVID. "THE 2-BRIDGE KNOTS OF UP TO 16 CROSSINGS." Journal of Knot Theory and Its Ramifications 16, no. 08 (2007): 997–1019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021821650700566x.

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For any given number of crossings c, there exists a formula to determine the number of 2-bridge knots of c crossings, and indeed it is a simple matter to actually construct presentations of these knots. However, the determination of whether a given (prime) knot is a 2-bridge knot remains a nontrivial exercise, and we have no procedure to determine bridge numbers more generally. Herein, we identify the 2-bridge knots within the Hoste–Thistlethwaite–Weeks tables of prime knots of up to 16 crossings by an exhaustive search of a larger set of 2-bridge knots. As the unknot is the only knot with bri

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8

Abdi Makvand, Mohsen, and Amir Mousivand. "Betti numbers of some circulant graphs." Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal 69, no. 3 (2019): 593–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.21136/cmj.2019.0606-16.

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9

Kjazhin, S. N., and V. M. Fomichev. "About primitive systems of natural numbers." Prikladnaya diskretnaya matematika, no. 16 (June 1, 2012): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/20710410/16/1.

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10

CALUDE, CRISTIAN S., and MICHAEL J. DINNEEN. "EXACT APPROXIMATIONS OF OMEGA NUMBERS." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 17, no. 06 (2007): 1937–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127407018130.

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A Chaitin Omega number is the halting probability of a universal prefix-free Turing machine. Every Omega number is simultaneously computably enumerable (the limit of a computable, increasing, converging sequence of rationals), and algorithmically random (its binary expansion is an algorithmic random sequence), hence uncomputable. The value of an Omega number is highly machine-dependent. In general, no more than finitely many scattered bits of the binary expansion of an Omega number can be exactly computed; but, in some cases, it is possible to prove that no bit can be computed. In this paper,

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11

Grabowski, Adam. "Polygonal Numbers." Formalized Mathematics 21, no. 2 (2013): 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/forma-2013-0012.

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Summary In the article the formal characterization of triangular numbers (famous from [15] and words “EYPHKA! num = Δ+Δ+Δ”) [17] is given. Our primary aim was to formalize one of the items (#42) from Wiedijk’s Top 100 Mathematical Theorems list [33], namely that the sequence of sums of reciprocals of triangular numbers converges to 2. This Mizar representation was written in 2007. As the Mizar language evolved and attributes with arguments were implemented, we decided to extend these lines and we characterized polygonal numbers. We formalized centered polygonal numbers, the connection between

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12

Foreyt, William J., and John R. Gorham. "Ineffectiveness of clorsulon against Nanophyetus salmincola in coyotes." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 189, no. 9 (1986): 1101–2. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.1986.189.09.1101.

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SUMMARY Efficacy of clorsulon against the trematode Nanophyetus salmincola was evaluated in coyotes. Ten 16-week-old coyote pups were fed fish that contained metacercariae of N salmincola. Twenty-one days later, 5 of the coyotes were given a suspension of clorsulon (approx 16 mg/kg of body weight, orally). Within 30 days after treatment, the numbers of fluke eggs in fecal specimens from the 5 treated coyotes had not decreased, and numbers of fluke eggs and flukes recovered from treated coyotes at necropsy did not differ from numbers of fluke eggs and flukes recovered from 5 untreated coyotes.

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13

Safonov, Ilia, Anton Kornilov, and Daria Makienko. "An Approach for Matrix Multiplication of 32-Bit Fixed Point Numbers by Means of 16-Bit SIMD Instructions on DSP." Electronics 12, no. 1 (2022): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12010078.

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Matrix multiplication is an important operation for many engineering applications. Sometimes new features that include matrix multiplication should be added to existing and even out-of-date embedded platforms. In this paper, an unusual problem is considered: how to implement matrix multiplication of 32-bit signed integers and fixed-point numbers on DSP having SIMD instructions for 16-bit integers only. For examined tasks, matrix size may vary from several tens to two hundred. The proposed mathematical approach for dense rectangular matrix multiplication of 32-bit numbers comprises decompositio

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14

Rodgers, Peter. "Falling numbers cause concern." Physics World 16, no. 9 (2003): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-7058/16/9/17.

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15

Greenland, Thornton. "Numbers off an Envelope." Physics World 2, no. 5 (1989): 16–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-7058/2/5/16.

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16

Findlay, James. "The Priestly Ideology of the Septuagint Translator of Numbers 16—17." Journal for the Study of the Old Testament 30, no. 4 (2006): 421–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309089206066318.

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17

Mirguet, Françoise. "Numbers 16: The Significance of Place— An Analysis of Spatial Markers." Journal for the Study of the Old Testament 32, no. 3 (2008): 311–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309089208090803.

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18

Hardy, Kenneth, and Kenneth S. Williams. "Congruences modulo 16 for the class numbers of complex quadratic fields." Journal of Number Theory 27, no. 2 (1987): 178–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-314x(87)90060-6.

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19

Zharbolov, A. "Along the path of the great Kaprekar: A-function, repunits and their properties." Bulletin of the National Engineering Academy of the Republic of Kazakhstan 91, no. 1 (2024): 158–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.47533/2024.1606-146x.16.

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Following the famous Indian mathematician D. Kaprekar, in the paper[5], the author presented a new method for obtaining integers ????(????) = ⅑ (???? − ????(????)) where S(n) is the sum of digits of the number n In decimal notation. This A-function turned out to be related to a remarkable class of numbers the class of integers Rn repunit. In the paper, new properties are found Rn. The properties A-function. It is proved that the set of a-self numbers is infinite and each a-self number has exactly 10 generators. The hypothesis about the distribution of a-self numbers is justified and formulated

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20

Conran, John G., Andreas Houben, and Allen Lowrie. "Chromosome numbers in Byblidaceae." Australian Journal of Botany 50, no. 5 (2002): 583. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt02007.

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Cytological studies carried out on the six species of Byblis (Byblidaceae) support the recent separation of taxa from within the Byblis liniflora Salisb. complex, as well as confirming the previously reported numbers of 2n = 18 for B. gigantea s.str. and 2n = 32 for B. liniflora s.str. Byblis sp. nov. aff. gigantea also has a chromosome number of 2n = 18, whereas B. filifolia Planch., B. rorida Lowrie & Conran and B. aquatica Lowrie & Conran have counts of 2n = 16. This gives base counts of x = 8 for the B. liniflora complex and x = 9 for the B. gigantea complex, with B. liniflora as a

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21

Yang, Ming Hour. "Storage-Efficient 16-Bit Hybrid IP Traceback with Single Packet." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/659894.

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Since adversaries may spoof their source IPs in the attacks, traceback schemes have been proposed to identify the attack source. However, some of these schemes’ storage requirements increase with packet numbers. Some even have false positives because they use an IP header’s fragment offset for marking. Thus, we propose a 16-bit single packet hybrid IP traceback scheme that combines packet marking and packet logging with high accuracy and low storage requirement. The size of our log tables can be bounded by route numbers. We also set a threshold to determine whether an upstream interface number

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22

Ewell, Peter T. "Power in numbers the values in our metrics." Change: The Magazine of Higher Learning 37, no. 4 (2005): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3200/chng.37.4.10-16.

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23

Gupta, Tripati, Saanuj Sharma, Saksham Jain, and Raghav Dharwal. "REVIEW PAPER ON IMAGINARY NUMBERS IN ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING." Journal of Analysis and Computations XVIII, no. 2 (2024): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.30696/jac.xviii.2.2024.7-16.

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24

Kim, Dae San, and Taekyun Kim. "A note on the Hermite numbers and polynomials." Mathematical Inequalities & Applications, no. 4 (2013): 1115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7153/mia-16-86.

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25

Stace, HM, and JA Armstrong. "New chromosome numbers for rutaceae." Australian Systematic Botany 5, no. 4 (1992): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb9920501.

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Chromosome counts for 30 taxa, representing five genera, are reported for Rutaceae subfamily Rutoideae, mostly in the Australasian tribe Boronieae. We found n = 10 for Boronia algida which is previously unreported in the genus, and a sterile triploid taxon in Zieria. Generic chromosome numbers of n = 18 in Zieria, n = 16 in Phebalium and n = 14 in Eriostemon sens. lat. occur, while Boronia shows cytoevolution on n = 18, 11, 10, 9. Pollen sterility and possible apomixis is indicated in some species. Some taxonomic implications of cytological data in the tribe Boronieae are discussed.

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26

Crease, Robert P. "Numbers count in all amounts." Physics World 16, no. 6 (2003): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-7058/16/6/22.

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27

de Lisle, James, Suvabrata De, Emilio Alba, et al. "Detection of Chern numbers and entanglement in topological two-species systems through subsystem winding numbers." New Journal of Physics 16, no. 8 (2014): 083022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/16/8/083022.

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28

Wall, David A. "Comparison of Green Foxtail (Setaria viridis) and Wild Oat (Avena fatua) Growth, Development, and Competitiveness under Three Temperature Regimes." Weed Science 41, no. 3 (1993): 369–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500052073.

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In a replacement series study, barley was more competitive than green foxtail and wild oat at 28/22 and 22/16 C. Wild oat was more competitive with green foxtail at 22/16 C than at 28/22 C. Maximum green foxtail dry weight and leaf area was produced at 28/22 C. As temperature increased, maximum dry weight and leaf area occurred earlier during plant growth. Similarly, maximum wild oat leaf area occurred earlier with increasing temperature, but the greatest leaf area was observed at 16/10 C. Leaf area ratio (LAR) and relative growth rate (RGR) of wild oat did not differ markedly between temperat

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29

Zykova, Elena Yu, Tatyana V. Pankova, and Maria N. Lomonosova. "Chromosome numbers in some alien plant species of the Novosibirsk Region: post VI." Turczaninowia 27, no. 3 (2024): 83–89. https://doi.org/10.14258/turczaninowia.27.3.8.

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This paper presents the chromosome numbers (2n) for 14 alien species from the families Apiaceae, Apocynaceae, Asteraceae, Boraginaceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Poaceae, Plantaginaceae, Violaceae collected in the Novosibirsk Region. For Apocynum cannabinum (2n = 16), Clinopodium acinos (2n = 18), Veronica agrestis (2n = 14), V. verna (2n = 16), Viola × wittrockiana (2n = 46), chromosome numbers were determined for the first time on the material from Russia; for Daucus carota (2n = 18), Heracleum sosnowskyi (2n = 22), Arrhenatherum elatius (2n = 28) – from Asian Russia; for Kalimeris incisa (2n = 1

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30

Park, Ji-Hun. "An Exegetical Study on the Punishment Narrative of Miriam (Numbers 12:1-16)." Christian and Cultural Studies 27 (January 15, 2025): 9–30. https://doi.org/10.35570/cfcc.2025.27.9-30.

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31

Palmer, C. K., C. H. Gilliam, G. J. Keever, J. W. Olive, and D. J. Eakes. "Effects of Preemergence Applied Herbicides on Pampas Grass." HortScience 32, no. 4 (1997): 589C—589. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.4.589c.

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Pampas grass seedlings in 72-cell pack containers were transplanted into containers with a root observation window (17.8 × 10.2 cm) and treated with selected preemergence applied herbicides. Root numbers were counted in the upper and lower 8.9 cm of the viewing window until 16 days after treatment (DAT) when the windows became full of roots. Root growth in both the upper and lower window was suppressed with application of Factor 65 WG and Pendulum 60 WDG at the X and 2X rates at 16 DAT. Ronstar 2G and Pendulum 2G at the recommended rates and nontreated control plants had similar root numbers a

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32

Okoh, Frank. "Indecomposable modules constructed from Liouville numbers." Rocky Mountain Journal of Mathematics 16, no. 3 (1986): 517–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1216/rmj-1986-16-3-517.

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33

Zetie, Ken. "The art of juggling by numbers." Physics World 16, no. 6 (2003): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-7058/16/6/36.

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34

Agsalda-Garcia, Melissa, Tiffany Shieh, Eleanore Chuang, et al. "Human Papillomavirus-16 DNA Quantitation Differentiates High-Grade Anal Neoplasia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 8 (2018): 1690. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15081690.

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Background: Due to their higher rates of anal dysplasia/cancer, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals are recommended to undergo anal dysplasia screening, which consists of anal cytology (AC) and high resolution anoscopy (HRA) with anal biopsy (AB) after abnormal AC result. However, AC variability limits its usefulness. Our objective was to evaluate human papillomavirus (HPV)-16 DNA quantitation as part of the screening algorithm. Methods: HPV-16 was detected in AC specimens from 75 HIV-positive participants using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. AB results w

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35

Omprakash, Sikhwal*1 &. Preeti Gupta2. "CONSISTENCY & INCONSISTENCY OF DOMINATION NUMBERS IN DIGRAPHS." GLOBAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND RESEARCHES [FRTSSDS- June 2018] (June 20, 2018): 177–83. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1293857.

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This paper presents the application of domination in digraph which is useful in designing a graph model for fault tolerant computing system. The effect of  g () when is modified by deletion of a vertex or deletion of an edge were investigated by several authors [4], [9], [16]. In this paper we discuss the analogous problem for directed graphs. Also find the bondage number for digraph. MSC 2010: 05C40, 05C69, 05C85, 05C99

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36

Andrews, Eric, and Kyle Walker. "The-proper-Ramsey-numbers-of- K 3 -against- C 3 -and- C 5." Journal of Combinatorial Mathematics and Combinatorial Computing 117 (December 31, 2023): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.61091/jcmcc117-16.

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For graphs F and H, the proper Ramsey Number PR(F,H) is the smallest integer n so that any χ′(H)-edge-coloring on Kn contains either a monochrome F or a properly colored H. We determine the proper Ramsey number of K3 against C3 and C5.

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37

Tuleeva, А. K., R. Zh Abdukerim, and V. A. Korobov. "PESTS OF SPRING RAPE AND MEASURES TO REGULATE THEIR NUMBERS." Izvestiâ Nacionalʹnoj akademii nauk Respubliki Kazahstan 2, no. 56 (2020): 78–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2020.2224-526x.16.

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38

Stinner, Daniel J., Joseph C. Wenke, James R. Ficke, et al. "Military and Civilian Collaboration: The Power of Numbers." Military Medicine 182, S1 (2017): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.7205/milmed-d-16-00138.

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39

Mackin, Andrew J., Dana G. Allen, and Ian B. Johnstone. "Effects of vincristine and prednisone on platelet numbers and function in clinically normal dogs." American Journal of Veterinary Research 56, no. 1 (1995): 100–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1995.56.01.100.

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SUMMARY Effects of a single iv administered therapeutic dose of vincristine sulfate on platelet numbers and function were evaluated in 16 clinically normal dogs over the 2 weeks after drug administration. Results were statistically compared with those of a previous control study in which the same 16 dogs were administered saline solution (iv), instead of vincristine. Of the 16 dogs, 8 were orally administered daily immunosuppressive doses of prednisone concurrently throughout the saline-control and vincristine study periods. Platelet numbers and mean platelet volume were measured, using an aut

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40

Duensing, Stefan, Anette Duensing, Elsa R. Flores, Anh Do, Paul F. Lambert, and Karl Münger. "Centrosome Abnormalities and Genomic Instability by Episomal Expression of Human Papillomavirus Type 16 in Raft Cultures of Human Keratinocytes." Journal of Virology 75, no. 16 (2001): 7712–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.75.16.7712-7716.2001.

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ABSTRACT Primary human keratinocytes with ectopic expression of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) E6 and E7 oncoproteins display abnormal centrosome numbers, multipolar mitoses, and aneusomy. However, it has not been explored whether these abnormalities can occur in cells containing HPV episomes where E6 and E7 expression is under viral transcriptional control. Here, we demonstrate that centrosome abnormalities and genomic instability occur in organotypic raft cultures of human keratinocytes with episomal HPV-16 even at low copy numbers. We conclude that HPV-16 DNA, when maintained as an ep

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41

Abel, Richard. "The early years: African Law Studies (numbers 12–16, 1975–78)." Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law 53, no. 3 (2021): 407–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07329113.2021.1996100.

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42

Wu, Yi Chang, and Shi Liang Lin. "Conceptual Design of a 16-Speed Bicycle Drive Hub." Applied Mechanics and Materials 52-54 (March 2011): 279–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.52-54.279.

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This paper presents a design approach for the conceptual design of a novel 16-speed bicycle drive hub. First, a distributed-flow type planetary gear train, which consists of two parallel- connected transmission units and one differential unit, for the power transmission mechanism of a bicycle drive hub is proposed. Based on the kinematic analysis of the presented gear mechanism, a feasible clutching sequence is synthesized to provide 16 forward speeds. Then, the numbers of teeth of all gears are determined according to the desired velocity ratio of each speed. As a result, a schematic diagram

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43

Elsayed, E. M., and Hanan S. Gafel. "Dynamics and Global Stability of Second Order Nonlinear Difference Equation." Pan-American Journal of Mathematics 1 (November 3, 2022): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.28919/cpr-pajm/1-16.

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In this paper, we study some qualitative behavior of the solutions of the following rational difference equation with order twoxn+1=axn+bxn−1+cxn+dxn−1/e+fxn−1,where the parameters a, b, c, d, e and f are positive real numbers and the initial conditions x−1 and x0 are positive real numbers.

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44

Wannajindaporn, Anakkaorn, Chitpan Kativat, and Piyada Alisha Tantasawat. "Mutation Induction of Dendrobium ‘Earsakul’ Using Sodium Azide." HortScience 51, no. 11 (2016): 1363–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci10860-16.

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Dendrobium ‘Earsakul’ is an important commercial orchid in Thailand. Breeding new Dendrobium varieties for improved quality and yield is crucial. The objectives of this research were to perform in vitro mutagenesis of Dendrobium ‘Earsakul’ protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) using sodium azide (NaN3) and to select and evaluate the putative mutants using morphological characters, molecular markers, and the cytological method. The percentages of mortality of PLBs increased as concentrations of NaN3 increased. At 2 weeks, the lethal dose 30 (LD30) and LD50 were obtained with 0.1 and 0.5 mm NaN3, respect

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45

Flaherty, Dennis K., and Fadi M. Alkhateeb. "Human Papillomavirus Quadrivalent Vaccine: A Look Behind The Numbers." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 43, no. 4 (2009): 740–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.1l483.

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The human papillomavirus (HPV) quadrivalent vaocine was licensed in 2006 for prevention of cervical, vulvar, and vaginal cancers caused by HPV-16 and −18 and genital warts caused by HPV-6 and −11. It is also indicated for prevention of precancerous and dysplastic lesions caused by HPV-6, −11, −16, and −18. Questions exist about the number of women and girls infected with the HPV strains covered by the vaccine, as well as about the vaccine's cost-effectiveness. There are also concerns about the efficacy of the vaccine in girls and young women, the population impact of the vaccine, the duration

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46

Csóka, György, and Csaba Szabóky. "Checklist of Herbivorous Insects of Native and Exotic Oaks in Hungary I. (Lepidoptera)." Acta Silvatica et Lignaria Hungarica 1, no. 1 (2005): 59–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.37045/aslh-2005-0005.

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As far as is currently known, 308 lepidopteran species belonging to 32 families feed on oaks in Hungary. The family Geometridae is the richest in quercivorous (oak feeding) species (63), followed by Noctuidae (62), and Tortricidae (39). Hungarian data are available for 69.4% of this fauna (215 species). Numbers of species-level hostplant data are Quercus cerris: 65, Quercus petraea: 119, Quercus pubescens: 89, Quercus robur: 111, Quercus rubra: 16. These species numbers exceed the species numbers published 10 years ago by 70%.

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47

Huinker, DeAnn, Janis L. Freckman, and Meghan B. Steinmeyer. "Subtraction Strategies from Children's Thinking: Moving toward Fluency with Greater Numbers." Teaching Children Mathematics 9, no. 6 (2003): 347–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/tcm.9.6.0347.

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Richfield Elementary School is in the midst of its literacy campaign. Room 24 has read 674 books and Room 16 has read 328 books. The teacher, Meghan Steinmeyer, has asked her students in Room 16 to figure out the number of books they must read to catch up to Room 24. One student, John, works with the number 330 rather than 328 to make the subtraction easier (see fig. 1). He subtracts 330 from 674 and gets 344. Because he subtracted a number that he increased by 2, he compensates by adding 2 back to the 344 to get 346.

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Tabatabaie, Omidreza, Gyulnara G. Kasumova, Stijn van Roessel, et al. "Safety in numbers? Gastric cancer survival varies with total retrieved lymph nodes." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (2017): 4058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.4058.

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4058 Background: Recently published AJCC 8thTNM-staging guidelines recommend a minimum of 16 lymph nodes be assessed in gastric cancer surgery with more lymph nodes ( 30) being desirable. However, the independent effects of greater numbers of lymph nodes excised on the overall survival of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma are understudied. Methods: National Cancer Database (NCDB) was reviewed from 2010 to 2014 for patients who underwent potentially curative surgery for gastric adenocarcinoma. Patients with zero or unknown number of harvested lymph nodes were excluded, as were those with met

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Slater, F. M. "An assessment of wildlife road casulties – the potential discrepancy between numbers counted and numbers killed." Web Ecology 3, no. 1 (2002): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/we-3-33-2002.

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Abstract. By artificially baiting roads, it is shown that simple counts of wildlife corpses found on roads are severe underestimate of the actual road casualty rate. The death rate can be 12–16 times that observed by simply counting corpses particularly from a moving vehicle. Removal rates depend on a range of factors including species of predator, species of prey, type and topography of road, road traffic, season, time of day and weather conditions. It is suggested that a greater importance should be afforded, than has previously been the case to the &amp;#147;gross&amp;#148; casualty

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Rashid, Mamun-Ur, Staffan Rosenborg, Georgios Panagiotidis, et al. "Ecological Effect of Solithromycin on Normal Human Oropharyngeal and Intestinal Microbiota." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 60, no. 7 (2016): 4244–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00461-16.

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ABSTRACTSolithromycin is a new fluoroketolide. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of orally administered solithromycin on the human oropharyngeal and intestinal microbiota. Thirteen healthy volunteers (median age, 27.3 years) received oral solithromycin at 800 mg on day 1 followed by 400 mg daily on days 2 to 7. Fecal and saliva samples were collected at baseline and on days 2, 5, 7, 9, 14, and 21 for pharmacokinetic and microbiological analyses. Plasma samples were collected predose on days 2, 5, and 7 as proof of exposure, and solithromycin concentration ranges we

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