Academic literature on the topic 'Numeric strings'

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Journal articles on the topic "Numeric strings"

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Park, Hyun Jun. "A method to convert non-numeric characters into numerical values in dynamic time warping for string matching." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 11, no. 3 (2021): 2660. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v11i3.pp2660-2665.

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Dynamic time warping (DTW) is one of the well-known algorithms for measuring similarity between two temporal sequences, and it can be used for character matching. It uses a distance of two character strings. However, since the characters are non-numeric, it must be assigned to numerical values to calculate a distance between two character strings. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a method to convert non-numeric characters into numerical values in dynamic time warping for string matching. The proposed method uses normalized correlation coefficient, and it makes DTW gives more accurate resul
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Kim, Jinil, Amihood Amir, Joong Chae Na, Kunsoo Park, and Jeong Seop Sim. "On Representations of Ternary Order Relations in Numeric Strings." Mathematics in Computer Science 11, no. 2 (2017): 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11786-016-0282-0.

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Cox, Nicholas J. "Speaking Stata: On Numbers and Strings." Stata Journal: Promoting communications on statistics and Stata 2, no. 3 (2002): 314–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1536867x0200200308.

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The great divide among data types in Stata is between numeric and string variables. Most of the time, which kind you want to use for particular variables is clear and unproblematic, but surprisingly often, users face difficulties in making the right decision or need to convert variables from one kind to another. The main problems that may arise and their possible solutions are surveyed with reference both to official Stata and to user-written programs.
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Mehdi, Osama, Hamidah Ibrahim, Suriani Affendey, Eric Pardede, and Jinli Cao. "Exploring instances for matching heterogeneous database schemas utilizing Google similarity and regular expression." Computer Science and Information Systems 15, no. 2 (2018): 295–320. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/csis170525002m.

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Instance based schema matching aims to identify correspondences between different schema attributes. Several approaches have been proposed to discover these correspondences in which instances including those with numeric values are treated as strings. This prevents discovering common patterns or performing statistical computation between numeric instances. Consequently, this causes unidentified matches for numeric instances which further effect the results. In this paper, we propose an approach for addressing the problem of finding matches between schemas of semantically and syntactically rela
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GEBSER, MARTIN, AMELIA HARRISON, ROLAND KAMINSKI, VLADIMIR LIFSCHITZ, and TORSTEN SCHAUB. "Abstract gringo." Theory and Practice of Logic Programming 15, no. 4-5 (2015): 449–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1471068415000150.

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AbstractThis paper defines the syntax and semantics of the input language of the ASP groundergringo. The definition covers several constructs that were not discussed in earlier work on the semantics of that language, including intervals, pools, division of integers, aggregates with non-numeric values, and lparse-style aggregate expressions. The definition is abstract in the sense that it disregards some details related to representing programs by strings of ASCII characters. It serves as a specification forgringofrom Version 4.5 on.
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Alzeber, Mogahed, Ali A. Alwan, Azlin Nordin, and Abedallah Zaid Abualkishik. "An Empirical Comparative Study of Instance-based Schema Matching." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 10, no. 3 (2018): 1266. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v10.i3.pp1266-1277.

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<span lang="EN-US">The main issue concern of schema matching is how to support the merging decision by providing matching between attributes of different schemas. There have been many works in the literature toward utilizing database instances to detect the correspondence between attributes. Most of these previous works aim at improving the match accuracy. We observed that no technique managed to provide an accurate matching for different types of data. In other words, some of the techniques treat numeric values as strings. Similarly, other techniques process textual instance, as numeric
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Yan, Xinqing, and Zhouping Yin. "QTDFS-ALOHA." International Journal of Applied Logistics 1, no. 1 (2010): 67–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jal.2010090205.

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Proposed protocols work clumsily in resolving the collisions occurred in dense RFID tag environment. QTDFS-ALOHA, a hybrid protocol which combines the query tree protocol and the dynamic frame slot ALOHA protocol, is proposed. In each frame of this protocol, only tags in the active set are allowed to answer in randomly selected slots. Afterwards, the population of tags in the active set is estimated. According to the identification accuracy required, the protocol may choose to continue the identification of the active set with delicately calculated frame length, or to divide the active set int
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Wang, Jing, Lauren A. Byers, John S. Yordy, et al. "Blasted Cell Line Names." Cancer Informatics 9 (January 2010): CIN.S5613. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/cin.s5613.

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Background While trying to integrate multiple data sets collected by different researchers, we noticed that the sample names were frequently entered inconsistently. Most of the variations appeared to involve punctuation, white space, or their absence, at the juncture between alphabetic and numeric portions of the cell line name. Results Reasoning that the variant names could be described in terms of mutations or deletions of character strings, we implemented a simple version of the Needleman-Wunsch global sequence alignment algorithm and applied it to the cell line names. All correct matches w
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Panda, Sourav, Yuanzhen Liu, Gerhard Petrus Hancke, and Umair Mujtaba Qureshi. "Behavioral Acoustic Emanations: Attack and Verification of PIN Entry Using Keypress Sounds." Sensors 20, no. 11 (2020): 3015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20113015.

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This paper explores the security vulnerability of Personal Identification Number (PIN) or numeric passwords. Entry Device (PEDs) that use small strings of data (PINs, keys or passwords) as means of verifying the legitimacy of a user. Today, PEDs are commonly used by personnel in different industrial and consumer electronic applications, such as entry at security checkpoints, ATMs and customer kiosks, etc. In this paper, we propose a side-channel attack on a 4–6 digit random PIN key, and a PIN key user verification method. The intervals between two keystrokes are extracted from the acoustic ema
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Takizawa, Masatomo, Akihiro Matsuda, and Tomohiro Hashiguchi. "A Study on the Mechanical Characteristics of String Planes of Badminton Racquets by Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis." Proceedings 49, no. 1 (2020): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2020049042.

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In this study, the finite element analysis of the string planes of badminton racquets was investigated to evaluate the effect of the mechanical characteristics of polymer strings. The nonlinear mechanical characteristics of commercially available polymer strings were obtained by the uniaxial loading tests experimentally. The effects of the strain rate on the mechanical characteristics of the polymer strings were also investigated to consider the dynamic effect on the numerical simulation. The numerical simulation code used to analyze the string planes of the badminton racquets was developed or
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Numeric strings"

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Oliveira, Luiz Eduardo Soares. "Automatic recognition of handwritten numerical strings." Mémoire, Montréal : École de technologie supérieure, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/etsmtl/fullcit?pNQ85289.

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Thèse (Ph.D.)--École de technologie supérieure, Montréal, 2003.<br>"Thesis presented to the École de technologie supérieure in partial fulfillment of the thesis requirement for the degree of philosophiae doctor in engineering". La numérotation de cet ouvrage est erronée. Bibliogr.: f. [149]-163. Également disponible en version électronique.
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Bekele, Seifu Argaw. "Numerical simulation of an elastic string." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq21153.pdf.

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Orr, Sarah Isobel. "Numerical simulation of coupled strings with application to physics-based sound synthesis." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.602783.

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The work in this thesis presents and discusses new techniques for modelling string instrument vibrations for the purpose of physics-based sound synthesis. The work focuses on coupled systems, where phenomena such as sympathetic vibrations should naturally occur. Finite difference (FD) methods are chosen for modelling string vibrations for to their flexibility both in terms of local adjustments and possible extensions to nonlinearities. The resonating body is represented using a modal formulation. Modelling the body in such a way has the advantage of scalability which can improve efficiency. Th
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Cui, Wei. "Applications of Numerical Methods in Heterotic Calabi-Yau Compactification." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99859.

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In this thesis, we apply the methods of numerical differential geometry to several different problems in heterotic Calabi-Yau compactification. We review algorithms for computing both the Ricci-flat metric on Calabi-Yau manifolds and Hermitian Yang-Mills connections on poly-stable holomorphic vector bundles over those spaces. We apply the numerical techniques for obtaining Ricci-flat metrics to study hierarchies of curvature scales over Calabi-Yau manifolds as a function of their complex structure moduli. The work we present successfully finds known large curvature regions on these manifolds,
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Ritto, Thiago. "Numerical analysis of the nonlinear dynamics of a drill-string with uncertainty modeling." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00600902.

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This thesis analyzes the nonlinear dynamics of a drill-string including uncertainty modeling. A drill-string is a slender flexible structure that rotates and digs into the rock in search of oil. A mathematical-mechanical model is developed for this structure including fluid-structure interaction, impact, geometrical nonlinearities and bit-rock interaction. After the derivation of the equations of motion, the system is discretized by means of the finite element method and a computer code is developed for the numerical computations using the software MATLAB. The normal modes of the dynamical sys
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Tan, Jin Jack. "Piano acoustics : string’s double polarisation and piano source identification." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLY014/document.

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L’objectif de cette thèse est d’améliorer la compréhension de l’acoustique du piano dans le contexte de la synthèse sonore par modèles physiques. Le manuscrit est décomposé en trois parties principales, dont les deux premières ont pour but la compréhension de l'origine de la double polarisation de la corde de piano, tandis que la dernière se focalise sur l’identification de sources d’un piano complet.Dans la première partie, la non linéarité géométrique, intervenant lorsque les amplitudesde vibration sont grandes, est étudiée afin de comprendre si le couplage non linéaire peut transmettre de l
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Qiu, Chunyin. "Phase slip fluctuations in low-dimensional superconductors : a numerical study using the string method /." View abstract or full-text, 2009. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?NSNT%202009%20QIU.

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Cheng, Xiaoming. "A numerical study of planing hydrodynamics using strips of variable pressure." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.359286.

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Li, Shiyuan [Verfasser]. "Numerical studies of the deformation of salt bodies with embedded carbonate stringers / Shiyuan Li." Aachen : Hochschulbibliothek der Rheinisch-Westfälischen Technischen Hochschule Aachen, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1034057251/34.

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Britto, Júnior Alceu de Souza 1966. "Two-stage HMM-based method for recognizing handwritten numeral strings / Alceu de Souza Brito Jr. ; [orientador], Flávio Bortolozzi, [co-orientador], Robert Sabourin." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_PR, 2001. http://www.biblioteca.pucpr.br/tede/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2269.

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Tese (doutorado) - Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, 2001<br>Este trabalho apresenta um método automático para o reconhecimento de cadeias numéricas manuscritas, o qual é composto de dois estágios baseados em Cadeias Escondidas de Markov. O primeiro estágio tem como estratégia o uso de informação de contexto em abo<br>This thesis presents a segmentation-free method for recognizing handwritten numeral strings, which is composed of two HMM-based stages. The first stage consists of an implicit segmentation process that takes into account some contextual information to pro
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Books on the topic "Numeric strings"

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He, Christina Q. Generalized Minkowski content, spectrum of fractal drums, fractal strings, and the Riemann-zeta-function. American Mathematical Society, 1997.

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Coates, Kevin. Geometry, proportion and the art of Lutherie: A study ofthe use and aesthetic significance of geometry and numerical proportion in the design of European bowed and plucked string instruments in the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth centuries. Clarendon Press, 1991.

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Kevin, Coates, and Kevin Coates. Geometry, proportion, and the art of lutherie: A study of the use and aesthetic significance of geometry and numerical proportion in the design of European bowed and plucked string instruments in the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth centuries. Clarendon Press, 1985.

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Zehnder, Alan T. Fracture Mechanics. Springer Netherlands, 2012.

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Wipf, Andreas. Statistical Approach to Quantum Field Theory: An Introduction. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013.

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Nakov, Svetlin. Fundamentals of Computer Programming with C#: The Bulgarian C# Book. Svetlin Nakov, 2013.

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Holloway, Ian D., and Daniel Ansari. Numerical Symbols. Edited by Roi Cohen Kadosh and Ann Dowker. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199642342.013.56.

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Human culture is founded upon an understanding of mathematics. Mathematics, in turn, is built upon a basic competency for abstracting and symbolizing numerical information. Although cognitive science has made great strides in the characterization of human knowledge, the understanding and use of numerical symbols remains largely unexplored. In this chapter we synthesize the current scientific understanding of numerical symbol processing using a synthesis of behavioral and neuroscientific findings. In particular, the chapter focuses on two interrelated topics: the processing of the semantics of
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Elcio, Abdalla, ed. 2D-gravity in non-critical strings: Discrete and continuum approaches. Springer-Verlag, 1994.

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Abdalla, Elcio. 2d-Gravity in Non-Critical Strings: Discrete and Continuum Approaches (Planetology). Springer, 1994.

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Abdalla, M. Cristina B., D. Dalmazi, A. Zadra, and Elcio Abdalla. 2D-Gravity in Non-Critical Strings: Discrete and Continuum Approaches (Lecture Notes in Physics New Series M). Springer, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Numeric strings"

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Quicke, Donald L. J., Buntika A. Butcher, and Rachel A. Kruft Welton. "More on manipulating text." In Practical R for biologists: an introduction. CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245349.0257.

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Abstract This chapter provides more information on manipulating text, presenting two examples. Example 1 focuses on standardizing names in a phylogenetic tree description, using R to reformat taxon names, create lists, sort data and use wildcards for when some things you are interested in don't have exactly the same length. The example tree description concerns parasitoids of caterpillars at a study site that have been DNA barcoded and their possible taxonomic identities added automatically. Example 2 deals with substrings of unknown length. This example search for a numeric substring of unknown length but with a standard prefix, using data of some DNA sequences from a set of Aleiodes wasps. The trimming of white spaces and/or tabs, use of wildcards to locate internal letter strings, finding of suffixes, prefixes and specifying of letters, numbers and punctuation, manipulation of character case, ignoring of character case, and specifying of particular and modifiable character classes are briefly described.
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Quicke, Donald L. J., Buntika A. Butcher, and Rachel A. Kruft Welton. "More on manipulating text." In Practical R for biologists: an introduction. CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245349.0022.

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Abstract This chapter provides more information on manipulating text, presenting two examples. Example 1 focuses on standardizing names in a phylogenetic tree description, using R to reformat taxon names, create lists, sort data and use wildcards for when some things you are interested in don't have exactly the same length. The example tree description concerns parasitoids of caterpillars at a study site that have been DNA barcoded and their possible taxonomic identities added automatically. Example 2 deals with substrings of unknown length. This example search for a numeric substring of unknown length but with a standard prefix, using data of some DNA sequences from a set of Aleiodes wasps. The trimming of white spaces and/or tabs, use of wildcards to locate internal letter strings, finding of suffixes, prefixes and specifying of letters, numbers and punctuation, manipulation of character case, ignoring of character case, and specifying of particular and modifiable character classes are briefly described.
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Young, Robin. "Wave Interactions in Nonlinear Strings." In Hyperbolic Problems: Theory, Numerics, Applications. Birkhäuser Basel, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8372-6_47.

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Dáger, René. "Simultaneous Interior Controllability of Elastic Strings." In Mathematical and Numerical Aspects of Wave Propagation WAVES 2003. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55856-6_32.

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Chuang, Zhang, Wu Ming, and Guo Jun. "Study on Segmentation Algorithm for Unconstrained Handwritten Numeral Strings." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30134-9_85.

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Shiryaev, Vladimir, and Julia Orlik. "Modeling of Textiles as Nets of One-Dimensional Hyperelastic Strings with Friction Controlled by Capstan Equation." In Numerical Methods and Applications. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15585-2_25.

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Balabanov, Todor, Janeta Sevova, and Kolyu Kolev. "Optimization of String Rewriting Operations for 3D Fractal Generation with Genetic Algorithms." In Numerical Methods and Applications. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10692-8_5.

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Smaglichenko, Alexander, Tatyana A. Smaglichenko, Arkady Genkin, and Boris Melnikov. "An Investigation on Signal Comparison by Measuring of Numerical Strings Similarity." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14907-9_19.

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Min, Kyongho, Stephen MacDonell, and Yoo-Jin Moon. "Heuristic and Rule-Based Knowledge Acquisition: Classification of Numeral Strings in Text." In Advances in Knowledge Acquisition and Management. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11961239_4.

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Min, Kyongho, William H. Wilson, and Yoo-Jin Moon. "Syntactic and Semantic Disambiguation of Numeral Strings Using an N-Gram Method." In AI 2005: Advances in Artificial Intelligence. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11589990_11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Numeric strings"

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Haji, M. Mehdi, Tien D. Bui, and Ching Y. Suen. "Automatic extraction of numeric strings in unconstrained handwritten document images." In IS&T/SPIE Electronic Imaging, edited by Gady Agam and Christian Viard-Gaudin. SPIE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.874706.

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Vilca, Omar, and Rosiane De Freitas. "An efficient algorithm for the Closest String Problem." In I Encontro de Teoria da Computação. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/etc.2016.9850.

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The closest string problem that arises in computational molecular biology and coding theory is to find a string that minimizes the maximum Hamming distance from a given set of strings, the CSP is NP-hard problem. This article proposes an efficient algorithm for this problem with three strings. The key idea is to apply normalization for the CSP instance. This enables us to decompose the problem in five different cases corresponding to each position of the strings. Furthermore, an optimal solution can be easily obtained in linear time. A formal proof of the algorithm will be presented, also nume
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Mohmad, Nis Ilyani, Danu Ismadi, Nor Hajjar Salleh, et al. "Identification and Impacts of Dual Strings Completion Leak in History Matching of Highly Faulted and Multi Layered Clastic Oil Reservoirs." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21856-ms.

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Abstract History matching is one of the paramount steps in reservoir model validation to describe, analyze and mimic the overall behavior of reservoir performance. Performing history matching on highly faulted and multi layered reservoirs is always challenging, especially when the wells are completed with multiple zones either with single selective or dual strings. The history matching complexity is also compounded with uncertainties in production allocation, well history and downhole equipment integrity overtime. It is a common practice for deterministic history matching in reservoir numerica
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Nakai, Mikio, and Kazuya Kawaguchi. "On the Inharmonicity of a String." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-35247.

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This paper describes the phenomenon called the inharmonicity for struck and plucked strings. Its spectral components consist of two inharmonic peak series: ‘first partials’ due to the elastic stiffness of a string and ‘second partials’. Experimental tests for examining second partials were performed with a monochord string. The experiments suggest that second partials are those that have frequencies equal to the sum of two normal first partials. Numerical simulations were done mainly for struck string by nonlinear equations involving both longitudinal and transverse vibrations of large deflect
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Vlajic, Nicholas, Chien-Min Liao, Hamad Karki, and Balakumar Balachandran. "Stick-Slip and Whirl Motions of Drill Strings: Numerical and Experimental Studies." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-47949.

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The dynamics of drill strings, which are long structures used in drilling operations, are explored numerically and experimentally within this article. A reduced-order distributed parameter model that allows for coupled bending and torsional motions is presented along with forces that take into account interactions between the drill string and the wellbore. Further, a scaled experimental apparatus is presented along with results. Both experimental results and model predictions show backward whirling. Stick-slip interactions are investigated numerically, and the simulation results are seen to be
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Kreuzer, Edwin, Ludwig Krumm, and Marc-André Pick. "Investigation of the Influence of Screw Connections in Drill-Strings on the Propagation of Torsional Waves With Respect to Advanced Stick-Slip Controllers." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-24545.

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Drill strings are used in the oil and gas industry to search for oil, gas, and geothermal resources and form extremely slender structures which makes them very sensitive to torsional and other vibrations. In order to immensely reduce torsional vibrations along the whole string, a wave based control method was developed at our institute. Numerical simulations and tests at an experimental setup showed very good results, but the implementation in a real drilling rig has not yet been taken place. One apparent difference in a real drill string will be the assembly of many rather short drill pipes,
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Martin, Blake, and Armaghan Salehian. "Vibration Modelling of String-Harnessed Beam Structures Using Homogenization Techniques." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-37039.

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Harnessing structural elements with strings, power cables, and signal cables increases the complexity in modelling the dynamic behaviour of such structures. Developing models capable of accurately predicting the dynamic behaviour of these systems is of great importance for space structures that cannot be tested prior to launch. The focus of this work is obtaining an equivalent continuum model for string-harnessed beam-like structures with periodic wrapping patterns. The tension in the string is assumed to vary as the beam deflects. The displacement field with second-order terms is determined a
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Puthiyaparambath, Vinod, Praveen Kumar, Manoj John, and Alexander Stanley. "Exploring Potential of Towing Pipeline in Emergency Scenarios." In ASME 2015 34th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2015-41254.

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Subsea pipelines-deemed as the safest and most efficient means for transporting hydrocarbons, their integrity and long term maintenance are among the highest priorities for the oil and gas industry. These assets have a design life and are susceptible to damage from various factors during its operation. Operators should have in place a comprehensive Emergency Pipeline Repair System (EPRS). The EPRS should entail rigorous measures to minimize loss of production, the potential consequences of catastrophes and adverse effects on environment in case of an unforeseen event such as pipeline rupture o
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Shifman, M. "Non-Abelian strings in supersymmetric Yang-Mills." In NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS ICNAAM 2012: International Conference of Numerical Analysis and Applied Mathematics. AIP, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4756183.

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Mikheev, Gennady, Dmitry Pogorelov, Oleg Dmitrochenko, and Raju Gandikota. "Flexible Multibody Approaches for Dynamical Simulation of Beam Structures in Drilling." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-35113.

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Two approaches for simulation of dynamics of complex beam structures such as drill strings are considered. In the first approach, the drill string is presented as a set of uniform beams connected via force elements. The beams can undergo arbitrary large displacements as absolutely rigid bodies but its flexible displacements due to elastic deformations are assumed to be small. Flexibility of the beams is simulated using the modal approach. Thus, each beam has at least twelve degrees of freedom: six coordinates define position and orientation of a local frame and six modes are used for modeling
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Reports on the topic "Numeric strings"

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Bergman, O., and C. B. Thorn. The size of a polymer of string-bits: a numerical investigation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/466860.

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