Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Nursing students Family violence Nursing'

Thesis (Ed. D)--College of Saint Mary -- Omaha, 2009.
A dissertation submitted by Connie M. Wallace to College of Saint Mary in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctorate in Education with an emphasis on Health Professions Education. This dissertation has been accepted for the faculty of College of Saint Mary. Includes bibliographical references.

The purpose of this project is to develop a domestic violence consciousness raising-education program and a self-administered risk assessment for a population of community college nursing students. When the faculty became aware that attrition rates were rising and that a high number of requests to drop out of nursing school were disproportionately linked to recent incidences of domestic violence, a potential contributing cause of the high drop out rate was revealed.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is recognized as a serious, growing problem on college campuses. IPV rates among college students exceed estimates reported for the general population. Few studies have examined the impact of IPV among the Hispanic college student (HCS) population or explored how HCSs perceive and experience IPV. Focusing on young adults (ages 18 to 25 years), this mixed methods study was designed to explore the perceptions and experiences of IPV focusing on levels of victimization and perpetration in relation to gender role attitudes and beliefs, exposure to parental IPV, acculturation, and religiosity. A sample of 120 HCSs was recruited from two south Florida universities. A subsample of 20 participants was randomly selected to provide qualitative responses. All participants completed a series of questionnaires including a demographic survey, the FPB, CTS2-CA, SASH, ERS and CTS2. Bivariate correlational techniques and multiple regressions were used to analyze data. Marked discrepancy between participants’ perceived experience of IPV (N = 120) and their CTS2 responses (n = 116, 96.7%). Only 5% of the participants saw themselves as victims or perpetrators of IPV, yet 66% were victims or 67% were perpetrators of verbal aggression; and 31% were victims or 32.5% were perpetrators of sexual coercion based on their CTS2 scores. Qualitative responses elicited from the subsample of 20 students provided some insight regarding this disparity. There was rejection of traditional stratified gender roles. Few participants indicated that they were religious (20.8%, n = 25). Evidence for the theory of intergenerational transmission of violence was noted. Recall of parental IPV was a significant predictor of level of IPV victimization (β = 0.177, SE = 0.85, p = 0.041). Nursing and social service providers must be cognizant that contributing factors to either victimization and/or perpetration of IPV among college students must be addressed first (i.e., perceptions of IPV), both in acute (i.e., emergency department) and community (i.e., college and university) settings for optimum intervention outcome.

Tobacco use is one of the most preventable sources of death and disease, and yet remains a worldwide problem. With the rising costs of healthcare, the focus of efforts to control them has honed in on lifestyle behaviors that contribute to the escalating costs. Within the scope of this scrutiny, the prevention or cessation of smoking and tobacco usage has become a global priority and a major focal point of worldwide anti-tobacco initiatives. The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified cessation interventions by health care professionals as a crucial factor in successful patient smoking cessation, and studies have shown that personal smoking behaviors by health care professionals are a barrier to effective smoking cessation interventions by those professionals (Lally et al., 2008; Radsma & Bottorff, 2009). This knowledge fueled the creation and distribution of global surveys by the WHO, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the Canadian Public Health Association (CPHA) to investigate the prevalence of smoking behaviors in health care professionals and in health care students (“Global Health Professions,” 2014; “WHO/CDC Global,” 2014). This study utilized the Global Health Professions Student Survey. The current study investigated the prevalence of smoking in nursing students of all educational levels at East Tennessee State University, with the expectation that the percentage of students who currently smoke would be substantially lower than that of students who do not smoke. The survey also investigated attitudes towards the role of health professionals in patient smoking cessation and towards personal smoking behaviors.

Dating violence has been reported globally as a public health and socio-cultural issue affecting millions of female university students in dating relationships. The serious health implications can affect academic performance and the total wellbeing of the individual and the society. Literature on risk and protective factors for dating violence among students at universities is limited in Nigeria. The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the perceptions of risk and protective factors for dating violence among female students at the University of Benin, Nigeria, using a case study methodology. In this study, a sample of 90 participants was recruited to participate in nine focus groups. Data were collected through focus group discussions. Thematic content analysis was employed to analyse the data, which yielded 24 themes. These were grouped according to the four levels of the socio-ecological framework: individual, interpersonal, community and societal level factors regarding risk of and protection from dating violence among female students. Thirteen themes were identified under risk factors for dating violence among female students, while 11 were identified under protective factors. Individual level risk factors included alcohol and substance abuse, poor interpersonal skills, poor control of emotions, possessiveness and risky sexual behavior. Interpersonal level risk factors included negative childhood experiences, influence from others and clash in belief systems between partners. Community level risk factors included patriarchy and violence in the community, and societal level risk factors included the influence of technology on relationships, absence of regulations to protect women from abuse and poverty. Individual level protective factors included maturity and self-knowledge/acceptance before dating, self-protective behaviours and control. Interpersonal level protective factors included having elders as good role models, trusting relationships, mutual respect between partners and an open relationship and transparency between partners. The community level protective factors included cultural norms to reduce violence and the university response, while societal level protective factors included public awareness and laws to protect women from violence. The findings raise the need for the university management and other stakeholders on campus to develop community awareness campaigns around healthy dating relationships among partners, and to improve the practice of dating violence prevention. Policy makers in Nigeria can use the findings to develop policies and regulations to address dating violence and other forms of violence on Nigerian campuses.

Incivility has infiltrated our institutions of higher learning as well as the world of nursing. All too familiar in nursing is the phrase “eating their young,” which aptly describes how nurses treat other nurses, even though they should be nurturing and caring professionals. The investigator explored nursing and health science students’ perceptions of student and faculty uncivil behaviors within the academic environment, seeking the levels and frequency of the problem. Bandura’s social learning theory presents a sound theoretical framework for this dissertation. The research methodology consisted of a quantitative descriptive approach. The Incivility in Higher Education-Revised (IHE-R) Survey was used to compare nursing and health science student perceptions of the level and frequency of student and faculty incivility. Descriptive statistics and independent t tests were used to compare the different student perceptions. The study results indicated that perceptions of student behavioral levels were between somewhat and moderately uncivil. Student perceptions of faculty behavioral levels were found to be more moderate. Review of the frequency levels reflected students’ frequencies to be never as compared with faculty, which indicated a frequency of sometimes. These results indicated that students perceived incivility to not be problematic within their individual programs, although it found faculty behavior levels were more uncivil even when similar behaviors were demonstrated by students. In general, these results were atypical than other results as incivility is found to be a rising problem. Further study is needed to confirm these results.

Adolescent violence has been an increasing concern in Thailand. There is evidence from the U.S.A and Europe that there are many contributing factors to adolescent violence. This study examined risk and protective factors associated with the family that influence violent behaviour in Thai adolescents and explored nursing strategies to prevent this. A mixed method study was undertaken using a survey with 400 adolescents, 12 semi-structured interviews with parents, and two focus groups with 5 teachers and 5 nurses in Northern Thailand. Inferential statistics (i.e. correlations, multiple regressions) were used on survey data to identify the association between family factors and violent behaviour and the prediction of adolescent violence. Qualitative thematic analysis was used to examine the data from adult interviews and focus groups identifying factors influencing violence and exploring nursing strategies to prevent adolescent violence. The results were that ineffective parental discipline, negative parental role models, inappropriate parental monitoring, and poor communication within the family were identified as risk factors. Moreover, violent peers, violence in the media, use of alcohol and drugs, positive beliefs about the use of violence, and lack of emotional control also contributed to adolescent violence. In contrast, factors preventing violence in adolescents were effective parental discipline, positive parental role models and monitoring, two-way communication and Buddhist beliefs. Also, pro-social peers, a supportive neighbourhood, and undertaking effective coping prevented adolescents ' from using violence. Nursing strategies which could prevent violence in adolescents included family assessment, health education, facilitating the development of healthy families, and coordinating community action. These need to be developed by providing nurses with specific skills training. The main results of the study demonstrate that factors, such as parental role models, and peer influences were similar to current evidence, however, factors such as Buddhist beliefs and "saving face" were unique to this study of Thai adolescents.

Bakgrund: Relationsvåld riktat mot kvinnor är ett globalt folkhälsoproblem med många negativa hälsokonsekvenser. Våld i nära relationer sägs vara vanligt och kulturellt accepterat i Ghana trots införandet av Domestic Violence Act år 2007 som gör relationsvåld illegalt. Forskning har visat att sjuksköterskor besitter en nyckelposition för att arbeta mot relationsvåld men att många sjuksköterskor saknar beredskap. Sjuksköterskeutbildningen har visat sig vara otillräcklig vad gäller relationsvåld. Syfte: Att beskriva Ghananska sjuksköterskestudenters attityder till relationsvåld och hur ämnet berörs i utbildningen. Metod: En deskriptiv kvalitativ studie som baseras på data från sex semistrukturerade intervjuer med Ghananska sjuksköterskestudenter. Intervjuerna spelades in, transkriberades och analyserades därefter med hjälp av innehållsanalys. Resultat: Sjuksköterskestudenterna kände sig förberedda för att möta kvinnor utsatta för relationsvåld och ansåg att sjuksköterskan hade en viktig roll. Studenterna tyckte att relationsvåld var ett problem som skulle lösas inom familjen och sjuksköterskan beskrevs ha en roll som rådgivare. Ingen av studenterna tyckte att relationsvåld var acceptabelt. De pratade om könsroller, mannens överordnade position i familjen och att våld uppstod när rollerna inte upprätthölls. Låg utbildningsnivå sågs som en orsak till att relationsvåld uppstår och utbildning föreslogs vara en nyckel till att eliminera relationsvåld. Slutsats: En förbättrad sjuksköterskeutbildning som problematiserar relationsvåld ur ett genusperspektiv behövs för att påverka blivande sjuksköterskors attityder och möjliggöra en professionell vård av utsatta patienter världen över. Klinisk betydelse: För att förbättra sjuksköterskeutbildningar borde relationsvåld och dess samband med den könsbestämda maktstrukturen uppmärksammas i större utsträckning.
Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global public health problem with many negative health consequences. IPV is said to be common and culturally accepted in Ghana despite the introduction of The Domestic Violence Act 2007 that prohibits IPV. Research has shown that nurses are in a key position to handle IPV though many nurses are unprepared. A lack of IPV education for nursing students has been identified. Aim: To describe Ghanaian nursing students’ attitudes toward IPV and how it is addressed in their education. Method: A descriptive qualitative study based on data from six semi-structured interviews with Ghanaian nursing students. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed with content analysis. Results: Ghanaian nursing students felt prepared to meet IPV and they thought that nurse’s role was of importance. Students advocated for a domestic handling of IPV and described the nurse’s role as a counsellor. None of the students found IPV acceptable. Students spoke about the gender roles and illuminated the view of the man as superior and that lack of role performance might lead to IPV. Low educational level was spoken of as a reason for the prevalence of IPV and suggested as a key to the elimination of IPV. Conclusion: To affect nurses’ attitudes and enable professional handling of IPV we suggest more IPV education that problematizes IPV from a gender perspective in nursing programmes globally. Clinical significance: To improve nursing educations concerning IPV more attention needs to be given IPV and the correlation between IPV and the gendered power structure.

This phenomenological study explored female nursing students' perceptions of their experiences of workplace violence and aggression, their methods for coping with and adjusting to the violence, and the implications for nursing education. A notice soliciting volunteers was posted on student bulletin boards in multiple schools of nursing throughout Illinois. Ten participants were selected from a pool of volunteers who met predetermined criteria. Open-ended interviews each lasting approximately 60 minutes were conducted and tape-recorded. Four interview questions that guided the process changed as the narrative unfolded, and in some cases, probing became necessary to gain a rich description. Data analysis was completed using Colaizzi's Seven-Step Model. The results of this study suggested nursing students may experience some form of workplace violence during their nursing education. Once exposed the nursing student may become a silent victim, afraid to report the incident, fearing she will be expelled from nursing school. As a silent victim, the student lacks the ability to cope with the situation partly because of the limited nursing curriculum on workplace violence. This may lead to anger, fear, multiple stress responses, and a distorted perception of caring in the nursing profession. In the end, the nursing student may enter the workplace as a nurse perpetuating the cycle of silent victim of violence, or take on the challenge to break the cycle, opening the way for improving the nursing profession.

Suicide is the 10th leading cause of death in the U.S. and has increased in prevalence during the past 15 years. Patients who attempt suicide are more likely to have contact with their primary care provider than a mental health provider in the month before attempting suicide, highlighting the need for competency in suicide ideation (SI) assessment. The Communications Skills for Health Professionals is an interprofessional course involving first-year medical, nursing, and pharmacy students. Specific instruction regarding assessment of SI was delivered through an online module and later practiced by students with standardized patients (SP). A final Objective Structured Clinical Examination featured an SP with depression, but without SI, though an assessment of SI was indicated. Three hundred fifty six interviews were reviewed and 55.1% (196/356) of students assessed for SI. Across professions, 65.5% (93/142) of medical students, 52.5% (32/61) of nursing students, and 46.4% (71/153) of pharmacy students performed an assessment. Medical students’ SI assessment was highest across the groups (p = 0.001), while pharmacy students’ SI assessment was lowest (p = 0.004). Results suggest that additional educational strategies should be developed and implemented to increase SI assessment performance in all professions, but especially in pharmacy students.

Gender-based violence is a widespread health problem all over the world and in Tanzania, domestic violence and rape within marriage are widely spread. Since nursing students are likely to meet abused women within their future profession, it is important to explore their attitudes towards the subject. The aim with the study was to describe nursing students' attitudes towards domestic violence. The method used was descriptive, quantitative and the instrument used was a questionnaire containing questions from Domestic Violence Blame Scale (DVBS) and Domestic Violence Myths Acceptance Scale (DVMAS), two selfconstructed questions were also added. The respondents (n=30) were nursing students at KCM College, in Moshi Tanzania. The result shows that the general opinion among the students was that the likeliness of domestic violence to occur was affected by situational factors, such as family living conditions. Almost half of the respondents strongly agreed that the Tanzanian society was male-dominated, and that it contributes to the occurrence of domestic violence and many of the students thought that women instigate domestic violence and that they have themselves to blame. Since the result shows that many of the students seem not to fully understand the mechanisms of domestic violence and that they tend to blame the victim for the crime it is essential with more education on the subject.
Våld mot kvinnor är ett omfattande hälsoproblem över hela världen och i Tanzania är våld mot kvinnor, såsom våld i nära relationer och våldtäkt inom äktenskapet, vida spritt. Eftersom sjuksköterskestudenter troligtvis kommer att möta våldsutsatta kvinnor i sitt framtida yrke är det viktigt att undersöka deras attityder kring ämnet. Syftet med studien var att beskriva sjuksköterskestudenters attityder till våld mot kvinnor i nära relationer. Metoden för studien var deskriptiv, kvantitativ och instrumentet som använts är ett frågeformulär med frågor från Domestic Violence Blame Scale (DVBS) och Domestic Violence Myths Acceptance Scale (DVMAS), samt två frågor tillagda av författaren till studien. Respondenterna (n=30) var sjuksköterskestudenter på KCM College, I Moshi Tanzania. Resultatet visar att den generella åsikten bland studenterna var att situationen, som till exempel familjeförhållanden påverkar sannolikheten för att våld mot kvinnor i nära relationer ska uppstå. Knappt hälften av respondenterna höll med om att samhället är mansdominerat, vilket bidrar till förekomsten av våld mot kvinnor och många av studenterna tyckte att våld i nära relationer är en konsekvens av kvinnans eget beteende och att hon får skylla sig själv. Eftersom resultatet visar att många av studenterna inte fullt förstod mekanismerna kring våld mot kvinnor i nära relationer, och att de tenderade till att skuldbelägga kvinnan för brottet, är mer utbildning i ämnet av högsta vikt.

Abused women are frequent users of health care services. Yet, battered women often do not identify the health care delivery system as a resource. The present study surveyed 155 female associate and baccalaureate degree nursing students from three mid-Atlantic universities in order to examine how selected personal and relationship variables affected their attitudes toward battered women. It was hypothesized that those students who had an early exposure to family violence combined with high levels of egalitarianism and perceived control over life events would be more sympathetic toward battered women than those who did not. Instruments used to measure the chosen variables included the Sex-Role Egalitarianism Scale, the Conflict Tactics Scale, the Family Violence Scale, the Perceived Control Scale, and the Inventory of Beliefs about Wife-Beating. Data were collected via anonymous self-report questionnaires and analyzed through the use of correlation and hierarchical regression procedures. Nursing students with more egalitarian sex role beliefs and perception of control over their life events were more sympathetic to battered wives than those students with more traditional sex role attitudes and less perceived control over their life. Sex role egalitarianism was found to be the best predictor of attitudes toward victims of domestic violence. Contrary to expectations, there appeared to be little relationship between the level of violence experienced by students in their families of origin or in their current relationships and sympathy for battered wives. Findings from this study will add to the current nursing knowledge base regarding attitudes of one group of health care professionals toward victims of domestic violence by exploring those attitudes and by identifying which of the chosen variables was most predictive of those attitudes. Implications for nursing education include an examination of the impact of gender issues on personal and professional behavior as well as the importance of empowering nursing students through the use of a competency based practice model.
Ed. D.

Objective: Rates of pregnancy smoking in the rural South are twice national averages and contribute to poor birth and long term outcomes for affected women and children. Efforts to intervene during prenatal care with pregnant women have been hampered by lack of knowledge, skill, comfort, and commitment from prenatal providers and their nursing staff. Regional community providers and staff have been reluctant to participate in available trainings, and even those who do seldom exhibit attitude and practice change long term. Therefore, efforts to educate health care professionals on the dangers of pregnancy smoking, and to provide necessary skills for intervention efforts, may need to occur before they ever enter practice. Thus, the goal of the current project was to implement and evaluate a pregnancy smoking-related training session for baccalaureate nursing students in rural Southern Appalachia. Design: Nursing students attended training on pregnancy smoking dangers/intervention techniques. Sample: Third year students beginning clinical rotations in obstetrics. Methods: 1.5-hour training including pre- and post-tests. Implementation Strategies: Four months later, follow-up survey assessed gains in knowledge, skill, comfort, and willingness to address smoking. Results: Over seven semesters, 659 nursing students were trained. Substantial gains in knowledge of pregnancy smoking issues were seen from pre- to post-testing, with knowledge retained at four- month follow-up. The percentage of students who felt they lacked skills to intervene with pregnant smokers dropped from 39% at pre-test to 6% at same day post-test. In addition, the percentage who reported they would be uncomfortable talking with pregnant women about smoking dropped from 10% to 1%, while the percentage who indicated they would always make time to address smoking with pregnant women increased from 54% to 87%. While most students did address smoking with multiple pregnant patients encountered during clinicals, and over half felt the patients benefited from their actions, only 58% were confident in their intervention skills at four month follow-up. Finally, 83% felt the training had been beneficial, and over 90% committed to addressing smoking with pregnant patients once they graduated. Conclusion/Implications for nursing practice: Training can increase nursing student knowledge, skill, comfort, and willingness to address smoking with pregnant women. However, it appears ongoing education may be needed to promote skills and confidence long term. In the rural South, where smoking rates are high and provider efforts to address pregnancy smoking are inconsistent, educating future nurses could have substantial impact on pregnancy smoking rates and birth outcomes into the future.

Introduction: In the new century, worldwide health professionals face new pressures for changes towards more cost-effective and sustainable health care for all populations. Globalization creates daunting challenges as well as new opportunities for institutions and health professionals being more connected and rethink their strategies toward an interprofessional practice. Although Health professionals are paying increased attention to issues of global health, there are no current competency assessment tools appropriate for evaluating their competency in global health. This study aims to assess global health competencies of family medicine residents, nursing, physiotherapy and occupational therapy students in five universities across Ontario, Canada Methods: A total of 429 students participated in the Global Health Competency Survey, drawn from family medicine residency, nursing, physiotherapy and occupational therapy programs of five universities in Ontario, Canada. The surveys were evaluated for face and content validity and reliability. Results: Factor analysis was used to identify the main factors to be included in the reliability analysis. Content validity was supported with one floor effect in the “racial/ethnic disparities” variable (36.1%), and few ceiling effects. Seven of the twenty-two variables performed the best (between 34% and 59.6%). For the overall rating score, no participants had floor or ceiling effects. Five factors were identified which accounted for 95% of the variance. Cronbach’s alpha was >0.8 indicating that the survey items had good internal consistency and represent a homogeneous construct. The results of the survey demonstrated that self-reported knowledge confidence in global health issues and global health skills were low for family medicine residents, nursing, physiotherapy and occupational therapy’ students. The percentage of residents and students who self-reported themselves confident was less than 60% for all global health issues. Conclusion: The Global Health Competency Survey demonstrated good internal consistency and face and content validity. The new century requires professionals competent in global health. Improvements in the core competencies in global health can be a bridge to a more equal world. Institutions must offer interprofessional approaches and a curriculum that exposes them to a varied learning methods and opportunities to improve their knowledge and skills in global health.

Background and objective: Patients’ and parents’ involvement in nursing students’ pediatric clinical practice assessment is informal. This study explored patients’ and parents’ perceptions of their role in students’ formative assessment. Approach: Interviews were conducted with patients and parents admitted at the study setting who received care from a nursing student. They were transcribed verbatim. Data was analyzed using a qualitative content analysis while Lincoln and Guba’s criteria of rigor and trustworthiness were upheld. Findings: Three categories emerged from the data: 1) Patients’ and parents’ current involvement in the assessment of nursing students’ pediatric clinical practice; 2) How they would like to be involved; and 3) The benefits and challenges of their involvement. Conclusion: This study has provided an understanding of patients’ and parents’ past encounters with nursing students, the elements of care that they would want to assess, and their perceived benefits and challenges of their involvement.

A multidimensionalidade e a consistência empírica da violência convidam aos questionamentos, debates e reflexões acerca desse fenômeno. A violência intrafamiliar contra a criança consiste em formas agressivas de membros da família se relacionarem adotando essa prática como solução de conflitos e estratégia para a correção e educação das crianças. Objeto de estudo: a violência intrafamiliar à criança na perspectiva de familiares. Objetivos: Identificar os atos considerados violentos contra a criança na perspectiva de familiares; descrever as implicações desses atos violentos na vida da criança sob a ótica de familiares; conhecer quais as atitudes que os familiares consideram importantes para a prevenção da violência contra a criança e discutir a violência intrafamiliar à criança na perspectiva de familiares a luz da fenomenologia sociológica de Alfred Schutz. Descrição metodológica: Trata-se de estudo de natureza qualitativo desenvolvido em um ambulatório de pediatria de um hospital universitário do município do Rio de Janeiro, com a participação de 12 familiares. Para a interpretação do material empírico foi utilizada a análise de conteúdo de Bardin na modalidade temática. O referencial teórico da fenomenologia sociológica de Alfred Schutz sustentou a discussão dos resultados. Resultados: Emergiram 6 (seis) categorias analíticas, a saber: Violência nas relações familiares; Palavras que ferem; Formas silenciosas de descuido e descaso para com a vida do outro; Violência gera violência; Implicações da violência intrafamiliar na vida da criança; Falar com a criança para evitar a violência. Os familiares a partir de uma relação anônima entendem a violência intrafamiliar contra a criança na perspectiva de um constructo teórico, na qual se situam como espectadores e não como perpetradores dos atos violentos. Para eles, os castigos físicos, a violência psicológica, a negligência e o abandono praticados pelas pessoas são considerados violência intrafamiliar contra a criança. Práticas como palmadinhas e tapinhas foram descritas como forma de correção e educação da criança. No se refere às implicações dos atos violentos na vida da criança apontaram aquelas que podem levar marcas profundas na memória da criança vitimizada, bem como em sua vida sócio-afetiva. O estudo possibilitou a aproximação ao conhecimento de uma realidade que afeta inúmeras crianças, onde os familiares sinalizaram que a melhor maneira de se prevenir a violência intrafamiliar é por meio do estabelecimento de uma conversa esclarecedora com a criança, abordando os assuntos pertinentes para cada ocasião com que se deparam. A inserção dessa temática desde os cursos de graduação para profissionais que lidam com a criança e sua família poderá ampliar os estudos neste campo e subsidiar a formação desses profissionais para lidar de forma adequada com o fenômeno da violência intrafamiliar.
The multidimensionality and empirical consistency of violence are an invite to questions, discussions and reflections on this phenomenon. The intra-family violence against children consists in aggressive forms of relation between family members adopting this practice as conflict resolution and strategy for children correction and education. Object of study: the intra-family violence from relatives perspective. Objectives: Identify considered violent acts against children from relatives perspective , describe the implications of these violent acts in the child's life from relatives perspective ; know what attitudes that relatives consider important for violence against children prevention and discuss intra-family violence from relatives perspective in the light of Alfred Schutzs sociological phenomenology. Methodological description This is a qualitative study conducted in an outpatient pediatric clinic of a university hospital in the city of Rio de Janeiro with the participation of 12 relatives. For the empirical material interpretation was used the content analysis of Bardin in thematic modality. The results have had the theoretical framework of sociological phenomenology of Alfred Schutz held to discuss. Results: emerged six (6) analytical categories entitled: Violence in family relationships , Words that hurt ; Silent forms of careless and disregard for the life of another ; Violence genarates violence ; Implications of intra-family violence on child's life; Talk the child to avoid violence . The relatives from an anonymous relation understand the intra-family violence against children in the perspective of a theoretical construct, in which lie as spectators and not as perpetrators of violent acts. For them physical punishment, psychological violence, neglect and abandonment are considered intra-family violence against children . Practices such as "little slaps" and "little spanks" have been described as a form of correction and education the child . In relation to the violent acts implications in child's life the relatives understand that can take a deep mark in the memory of victimized children as well as their socio- affective life The study enabled the approach to the knowledge of a reality that affects many children, where the relatives have signaled that the best way to prevent intra-family violence is through the establishment of an enlightening conversation with the child addressing relevant issues to specific occasion faced. The inclusion of this theme in graduate courses for professionals who deal with children and their families can expand the studies in this field and to subsidize their training to deal adequately with the phenomenon of intra-family violence.

Thesis (Ed.D.)--Teachers College, Columbia University, 1995.
Includes tables. Typescript; issued also on microfilm. Sponsor: L. Lee Knefelkamp. Dissertation Committee: Marie Theresa O'Toole. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 104-108).

The purpose was to examine the effect of a self-care educational intervention on nursing student resilience and thus the potential for compassion fatigue, depersonalization, burnout, depression, and inadequate self-care. A one-group pretest-posttest research design was applied to a convenience sample of 104 nursing students near the end of their last semester in a baccalaureate nursing program. The measurements were demographics, a psychometric resilience scale, program evaluation, and reflection question. The intervention was a standardized, intensive 30 min training program on the high degree of stress and burnout nurses face and the core self-care methods that can promote resilience to these hazards. The educational intervention had a strong positive effect on resilience scores (effect size of r=72%; p < 0.05). Eighty-six percent of the participants believed that the intervention increased their capabilities for self-care, especially in sleep, spending time outside, hydration, nutrition, and physical stretching exercises but not in journaling. Eighty-one percent stated that they would be likely to seek professional help if needed. Although this study must be repeated in other samples before it be implemented with full confidence, the standardized, high intensity, short duration, resilience training session can be recommended to nursing programs just prior to graduation and to hospitals for nurse orientation programs.

Understanding the history of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict is important for a greater understanding of the current state of sexual and reproductive rights of Palestinian women. Constant military occupation has been a determining factor hindering the development of comprehensive and coherent health policies and programmes. As a result of the Oslo Accords and the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement in 1994, the Palestinian National Authority was granted limited authority over portions of the West Bank and Gaza. In 2007-2008 a multi-national, multi-disciplinary study team undertook a national study to assess the reproductive health content of nursing education and identify gaps in curricular coverage and implementation. One component of this project included exploring final year nursing and midwifery students’ attitudes toward a range of sexual and reproductive health issues. This thesis analyzes these data and explores the demographic factors, including gender, region, and residence, associated with nursing and midwifery students’ attitudes toward abortion and contraception-related laws and policies. Our findings suggest that there is a considerable need to incorporate values clarification exercises as well as structured sessions dedicated to laws and policies governing sexual and reproductive health into the formal curricula of programs in both the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. Our results also shed further light on the dynamics shaping abortion and contraception attitudes among health professions students in the Occupied Palestinian Territories.

Although international surveys of prevalence and the growing body of literature on domestic violence have highlighted the need for data on cross-cultural attitudes towards violence against women, there are few studies in Northern Ireland [NIl and Jordan examining health care professionals' knowledge and attitudes towards domestic violence. The purpose of this study was to examine the cross-cultural differences in knowledge, attitudes, and current training and educational experiences towards violence against women, amongst third-year undergraduate nursing, dental, and . medical students in NI and Jordan, in order to develop recommendations for a culturally-sensitive and integrated educational programme for both cultures. A convenience sample of 774 male and female undergraduate students were administered a validated questionnaire that measured their knowledge, attitudes and current training and education on violence against women. Results indicated that student health care professionals' attitudes towards violence against women differed significantly between males and females, and across cultures. Variations in gender differences across cultures indicated that, for attitudes towards physical and sexual violence, students in Jordan, and male students in both cultures, were more likely than their counterparts to hold negative attitudes toward violence against women that are: justifying violence and abuse under certain circumstances; blaming women for violence against them; and supporting rape myths. The results also revealed significant gender and cultural differences in definitions of domestic violence. Participants in Jordan and female students in both cultures had clearer and broader definitions of domestic. Finally, while there were little differences across cultures in attitudes towards the role of health care professionals in screening for domestic violence, there were significant gender differences indicated that male students in both cultures were more likely than female students to perceive barriers to screening for domestic violence. With regards to educational specialty, nursing students were more likely to hold positive attitudes towards violence against women. The results are analysed in light of an ecological framework and the patriarchal ideology that specifically typifies Arab culture, and which predominates in Jordanian society The research findings suggest several potential directions for change, emphasizing the importance of establishing a systematic evidence-based multi-disciplinary and inter-agency approa'ch to teaching and learning for student health care professionals on the topic of domestic violence in their undergraduate programmes. Learning in this way will enable them to respond sensitively and effectively to victims of domestic violence across professional boundaries in a meaningful way.

The purpose of this study was to discover the meaning of school body mass index (BMI) screening and referral to parents. The goal of school BMI screening and referral is to provide information to compel parents to change their child’s diet and activity levels when overweight and obesity are identified. Measuring BMI in schools and alerting parents to findings above what is considered normal is one intervention to reduce overweight and obesity that has been utilized since 2001 in Florida.

To determine the meaning of BMI screening and referral to parents a mixed methods approach was utilized. Voluntary interviews of 20 parents who had received BMI referrals for their children were conducted. Analysis of the interviews was guided by phenomenology, as delineated by van Manen (1997). A cross sectional survey developed by Ruggieri (2012), was distributed to measure parent beliefs and opinions regarding the BMI screening and their reaction to referrals.

Findings from interviews indicated that parents ascribe different meaning to school BMI screening and referral. Overarching themes of changing and reflecting were discovered. The themes were manifested as dichotomies; some parents reflected on their role as parent and were more satisfied with the process; they reported change of diet and activity for their families upon receipt of a BMI referral. Others reflected on the role of the school in their child’s life. They were more dissatisfied with the school screening and recommended changes in the screening and referral process. Suggested changes for school screening and referrals included subthemes: sensitivity, accuracy, privacy, and notification.

Parents responded in the survey that they would change diet and activity for their families if they were told by the school that their child had a weight issue. Actions taken upon receipt of a BMI referral were not limited to changing diet and activity levels but also included discussing weight with their child and others. Parents denied they would be offended by a BMI referral. School BMI screening and referral is a valuable and effective intervention to address child overweight and obesity, especially if the process is accomplished with characteristics that parents deem caring.

Dissertação(mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Escola de Enfermagem, 2011.
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A violência intrafamiliar é capaz de comprometer a saúde e o desenvolvimento global de um ser humano, desencadeando uma série de problemas sociais, físicos e emocionais que repercutem ao longo da vida de suas vítimas. Dentre as consequências de crescer em famílias nas quais a violência entre seus membros é presente, está a possibilidade de reprodução dessa prática através das gerações dessas famílias. Entretanto, apesar do impacto negativo que a violência intrafamiliar pode provocar na vida das pessoas submetidas a essa situação, nem todas experimentam as suas consequências negativas, ao longo de sua trajetória de vida. Uma considerável proporção desses sujeitos consegue amenizar e até mesmo superar suas consequências mais comprometedoras. Este estudo tem como objetivo geral conhecer os processos envolvidos na reprodução e na interrupção da violência intrafamiliar, segundo a percepção das pessoas que vivenciaram esse problema durante a infância e/ou adolescência. Os objetivos específicos visam: (1) identificar as características pessoais de vítimas de violência intrafamiliar durante a infância e/ou adolescência e dos diferentes níveis do seu contexto de vida que contribuem para a manutenção deste problema, em etapas posteriores de sua trajetória vital; (2) Identificar as características do contexto de vida de pessoas vítimas de violência durante a infância e/ou adolescência que contribuem para a não perpetuação do ciclo de violência intrafamiliar, em etapas posteriores de sua trajetória vital. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo que utilizou a teoria bioecológica do desenvolvimento humano como referencial teórico. Participaram da pesquisa três famílias residentes em um município do sul do Brasil, recrutadas entre a população em geral. Para a coleta de dados, foi utilizada a técnica de entrevista semi-estruturada, realizada com um representante de cada família. A análise dos dados foi orientada por matrizes teóricas construídas de acordo com o modelo bioecológico do desenvolvimento humano e com os objetivos do estudo. Os resultados evidenciaram a influência que as características pessoais, do ambiente familiar e dos diferentes contextos em que as famílias se inserem, ao longo do tempo, exercem sobre os processos proximais estabelecidos entre seus membros, favorecendo tanto a reprodução da violência intrafamiliar, quanto à possibilidade de sua interrupção, através das gerações das famílias que vivenciam esse problema. A compreensão da forma como esses elementos se relacionam com a violência no âmbito familiar se constitui em um importante passo para a prevenção das situações de violência intrafamiliar contra crianças e adolescentes ao longo das gerações.
Family violence can compromise overall health and development of a human, triggering a series of social problems, physical and emotional repercussions throughout the life of their victims. Among the consequences of growing up in families where violence among its members is present, is the possibility of reproduction of this pratice through generations of this families. However, despite the negative impact that domestic violence can have on the lives of people subjected to this situation, not all experience the negative consequences, throughout his life course. A considerable proportion of these individuals can mitigate and even overcome its consequences more compromising. This study aims to know about the processes involved in reproduction and disruption of domestic violence, according to the perception of people who experienced this problem during childhood and / or adolescence. Specific objectives aim: (1) to identify the personal characteristics of victims of family violence during childhood and / or adolescence and the different levels of the context of their lives that contribute to the maintenance of this problem in later stages of his career vital; (2) to identify the characteristics of the life context of victims of violence during childhood and / or adolescence that do not contribute to perpetuating the cycle of domestic violence in later stages of his career life. This is a qualitative study that used bio-ecological theory of human development as the theoretical framework. Participated in the survey three households in a county in southern Brazil, recruited from the general population. To collect data was used the technique of semi-estructured interview conducted with a representative from each family. Data analysis was guided by theoretical frameworks built according to the bioecological model of human development and the objectives of the study. The results showed the influence of personal characteristics, family environment and the different contexts in which families fall over time have on the proximal processes established among its members, both favoring the reproduction of domestic violence, the possibility of its interruption, through generations of families who experience this problem. Understanding how these elements relate to violence in the family constitutes an important step towards prevention of situations of family violence against children and adolescents over the generations.
La violencia intrafamiliar es capaz de comprometer la salud y el desarrollo global de un ser humano, desencadenando una serie de problemas sociales, físicos y emocionales que repercuten al longo de la vida de sus victimas. Dentre las consecuencias de crecer en famílias en las cuales la violencia entre sus miembros está presente, es la posibilidad de reproducción de esta práctica a través de las generaciones de estas familias. Entretanto, a pesar del impacto negativo que la violencia intrafamiliar puede provocar en la vida de las personas sometidas a esa situación, o todas experimentan las sus consecuencias negativas, al longo de su trayectoria de vida. Una considerable proporción de eses sujetos consiguen amenizar y hasta mismo superar sus consecuencias mas comprometedoras. Este estudio tiene como objetivo general conocer los procesos envolvidos en la reproducción y en la interrupción de la violencia intrafamiliar, segundo la percepción de las personas que vivenciaran ese problema durante la infancia y/o adolescencia. Los objetivos específicos visan: (1) identificar las características personales de víctimas de violencia intrafamiliar durante la infancia y/o adolescencia y de los diferentes niveles de su contexto de vida que contribuyen para la manutención de este problema, en etapas posteriores de su trayectoria vital; (2) identificar las características del contexto de vida de personas víctimas de violencia durante la infancia y/o adolescencia que contribuyen para a no perpetuación del ciclo de violencia intrafamiliar, en etapas posteriores de su trayectoria vital. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo que utilizó la teoría bioecologica del desarrollo humano como referencial teórico. Participaran de la pesquisa tres familias residentes en un municipio del sur de Brasil, reclutadas entre la población general. Para la coleta de dados se utilizo la técnica de entrevista semi-estructurada, realizada con un representante de cada familia. El análisis de los dados fue orientada por matices teóricas construidas de acuerdo con el modelo bioecologico del desarrollo humano y con os objetivos do estudio. Los resultados evidenciaran la influencia que las características personales, del ambiente familiar y de los diferentes contextos en que las familias se inserten al longo del tiempo ejercen sobre los procesos proximales establecidos entre sus miembros, favoreciendo tanto la reproducción de la violencia intrafamiliar, cuanto a la posibilidad de su interrupción, a través de las generaciones de las familias que vivencian ese problema. La comprensión de la forma como eses elementos se relacionan con la violencia en el ámbito familiar se constituye en un importante paso hacia la prevención de las situaciones de violencia intrafamiliar contra niños y adolescentes a lo largo de las geraciones.

O fenômeno da violência é identificado como de difícil apreensão pelo grau de subjetividade e complexidade que contém, devendo ser analisado sob inúmeras perspectivas. A violência contra a criança privilegia as causas do problema e suas conseqüências físicas associadas às experiências acometidas no âmbito familiar. Este estudo apresenta a análise do fenômeno na perspectiva do enfermeiro, considerando o contexto de cuidado à criança, vítima de violência como seu mundo-vida. Para tanto, teve como objetivo Compreender o típico da vivência dos enfermeiros no cuidado à criança, vítima de violência intrafamiliar, em unidades de emergência, cuidados intensivos e de internação. Foi conduzido um estudo qualitativo, tendo como referencial a Fenomenologia Social de Alfred Schutz. Foram realizadas entrevistas fenomenológicas com 15 enfermeiros que atuavam em unidades de emergência pediátricas, terapia intensiva infantil e unidades de internação na cidade de São Paulo, tendo como foco sua vivência de cuidado à crianças vítimas de violência intrafamiliar. A análise pautada na teoria motivacional de Schutz permitiu a descrição do tipo vivido apoiado em três categorias concretas do vivido que expressam aspectos significativos da experiência do enfermeiro: (1) o contato com a violência, (2) reações ambivalentes e (3) atitude profissional protetora. Os resultados revelaram que o mundo-vida do enfermeiro é identificado, como um mundo de muitas diversidades onde lidar e cuidar da criança, vitima de violência é definido como uma vivência geradora de sofrimento. O mundo-vida do enfermeiro é intersubjetivo, desde seu início e as ações nele exercidas são eminentemente sociais. As motivações do enfermeiro que apontam para o futuro e explicam o projeto de ação em função das vivências pessoais são evidenciadas na geração de um ambiente protetor, diante da violência à criança.
Violence is identified as a difficult issue to grasp due to subjectivity and complexity degree that holds. It should be analyzed by numerous perspectives. Violence against children focuses on problem causes and its physical consequences associated with experiences inside family affected. This study presents the analysis of phenomenon from nurses perspective, taking into consideration the context of care for children, who are victims of violence as nurses life-world. To do so, this study aims at \"understanding nurses typical experience in care for children who are victim of family violence either in emergency rooms, or intensive care and hospitalization\". A qualitative study was conducted taking as reference Alfred Schutz Social Phenomenology. Phenomenological interviews were accomplished with 15 nurses working in pediatric emergency rooms, infantile intensive care units, and hospitalization units in São Paulo city, focusing on their experience of care for children who are victims of family violence. Analyses guided on Schutz motivational theory allowed describing living from three specific categories of living reality expressing significant aspects of nurses experience: (1) contact with violence; (2) ambivalent reactions, and (3) protective professional approach. Results showed that nurses life-world is identified as a many diversity world in which deal with and care for children who are victims of violence are defined as an experience that generates distress. Nurses life-world is inter-subjective since its start, and its actions exerted in its life-world are eminently social. Nurses motivations that point to the future and explain the proposed action based on personal experiences are evidenced in the generation of a protective environment face to violence against children.

Este estudo tem como objetivo compreender como os adolescentes significam suas relações afetivas e situações de conflito/violência no namoro, bem como a participação da rede de apoio social em seu enfrentamento. O cenário em que essa violência eclode é caracterizado pela vigência da ideologia machista entremeando as relações de gênero, tendo como resultante a naturalização da dominação masculina como forma de violência simbólica. A relevância do presente estudo é trazer subsídios para elaborar estratégias que considerem o contexto de socialização dos adolescentes, abrindo espaços para novas articulações, capazes de recompor as fronteiras entre papéis, funções e qualidades para cada gênero, modificando as atuais ideologias. O referencial teórico-metodológico utilizado é inspirado na teorização de Pierre Bourdieu sobre poder, violência e dominação simbólica; incorporando-se as referências conceituais de gênero de Joan Scott, muito imbricadas no processo de análise. A abordagem qualitativa possibilitou apreender a complexidade do fenômeno estudado, e o recorte empírico foi constituído por 19 adolescentes, de ambos os sexos, que se encontravam na faixa etária de 15 a 19 anos, cursando o 2º ano do ensino médio de uma escola estadual de Ribeirão Preto/SP, no ano letivo de 2014. Para a construção dos dados, foram utilizados o grupo focal, a entrevista e o Diagrama de Escolta Social, respeitando-se os aspectos éticos para o desenvolvimento de pesquisas com seres humanos e iniciando a construção dos dados somente após a aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto/USP. Por meio do método de interpretação de sentidos, baseado na perspectiva hermenêutico-dialética, deu-se a análise dos dados e depreenderam-se três categorias temáticas centrais com seus respectivos núcleos de sentido: Os significados das relações afetivas dos adolescentes (Os sentidos de ficar e namorar e suas relações com ciúme, gênero e violência simbólica; Isolamento social - \"se você não pode o outro também não pode\"), (Des)igualdades de gênero no namoro: da (des)construção da violência simbólica à expressão de outras formas de violência (Posicionamento da mulher frente à dominação masculina; As situações de violências física, sexual e psicológica no namoro: quem realmente é o agressor?), A (re)estruturação da família e sua função na rede de apoio social do adolescente (O mosaico familiar do adolescente contemporâneo e a funcionalidade da família como rede de apoio; Participação da família nos processos sexuais e reprodutivos do adolescente; Violência intrafamiliar - naturalização). Entendemos que atuar sobre a origem da violência já no início dos relacionamentos dos adolescentes talvez seja a melhor forma de combatê-la ou minimizá-la. Os desafios são muitos: enfretamento de políticas, profissões e disciplinas historicamente setoriais, fragmentadas e parcializadas; enfrentamento dos modelos hegemônicos de gênero, fortemente naturalizados no senso comum; e a inclusão de adolescentes e famílias em um debate que envolve valores, intimidades e mudança de crenças. Apesar dos desafios, pretendemos instigar a reflexão e a discussão para o combate deste tipo de violência, visando ainda à democratização das relações de gênero e à prevenção da violência conjugal
This study aimed to understand how adolescents internalize their emotional relations and conflict/violence situations in dating relationships, as well as the participation of the social support network in coping with it. The scenario in which this violence breaks out is characterized by the force of sexist ideology interspersing gender relations, resulting in the male domination being considered natural and as a form of symbolic violence. The relevance of this study is to provide support to develop strategies that consider the context of socialization of the adolescents, creating room for new articulations able to restore the boundaries among roles, functions and qualities for each gender, modifying the current ideologies. The theoretical framework used is inspired by the theory of Pierre Bourdieu on power, violence and symbolic domination, incorporating the conceptual references of gender by Joan Scott, much intertwined in the analysis process. The qualitative approach enabled grasping the complexity of the phenomenon studied and the empirical design was made up of 19 adolescents, of both sexes, aged 15 to 19 years, attending the 2nd year of a public high school in the city of Ribeirão Preto, state of São Paulo, in the academic year of 2014. Focus group, interview and the Social Convoy Diagram were used for data collection, considering the ethical aspects for human research development and starting the data collection only after approval by the Research Ethics Committee of the University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing. Data analysis was carried out using the method of interpretation of meanings, based on the hermeneutic-dialectic perspective, and three central thematic categories were identified with their respective units of meaning: The meanings of the emotional relationships of adolescents (The meanings of making out and dating and their relationships with jealousy, gender and symbolic violence; Social isolation - \"if you cannot the other also cannot\"), Gender (in)equalities in dating relationships: from the (de)construction of symbolic violence to the expression of other forms of violence (Women\'s position in face of the male domination; Situations of physical, sexual and psychological violence in dating: who really is the aggressor?), Family (re)structuring and its role in adolescents\' social support network (The family mosaic of contemporary adolescents and the functionality of the family as a support network; Family participation in adolescents\' sexual and reproductive processes; Intra-family violence - naturalization). It is understood that acting on the source of violence at the beginning of adolescents\' relationships may be the best way to fight or minimize it. Several challenges are recognized, such as the following: coping with policies, professions and subjects that are historically sectorial, fragmented and partial; confronting the hegemonic gender models, which are strongly considered as natural by the common sense; and the inclusion of adolescents and families in a debate that involves values, intimacy and changing beliefs. Despite the challenges, the study intends to instigate reflection and debate to combat this type of violence, also seeking the democratization of gender relations and the prevention of conjugal violence

Introducció: La violència contra la dona i en particular la violència de parella (VP), constitueix un important problema en la societat actual. Els professionals de la salut i en particular les infermeres (es), estan en una posició privilegiada per identificar i ajudar a les dones víctimes de VP, ja que sovint, són el seu primer contacte en els serveis de salut. Per poder desenvolupar accions formatives encaminades a la capacitació dels futurs professionals, un element previ és conèixer la percepció dels estudiants respecte a aquesta problemàtica. Objectiu: Adaptar i validar l'escala per avaluar la percepció de la violència de parella, dels autors australians Beccaria, et al. (2011). Metodologia: Es va desenvolupar un estudi mètric i descriptiu en una mostra de 1064 estudiants de primer a quart curs d'infermeria de quatre universitats públiques de Catalunya. Traducció, adaptació i validació de contingut dels ítems. Es van realitzar anàlisis estadístiques i exploració de l'estructura factorial i de fiabilitat de l'instrument. Resultats: L'escala obtinguda, de quatre factors i 32 ítems, es va denominar escala de Percepció de la Violència de Parella a Estudiants d'Infermeria (EPVP-EE). La mateixa va mostrar nivells acceptables de consistència interna i aportar evidències de la seva validesa de constructe. Conclusions: Es va concloure que l'instrument és fiable i vàlid; aplicar-lo permetrà estudiar la percepció de la violència de parella dels estudiants i planificar accions formatives per a la capacitació d'aquests futurs professionals, a les escoles i facultats d'infermeria de les universitats de la Comunitat Autònoma de Catalunya.
Introducción: La violencia contra la mujer y en particular la violencia de pareja (VP), constituye un importante problema en la sociedad actual. Los profesionales de la salud y en particular las enfermeras(os), están en una posición privilegiada para identificar y ayudar a las mujeres víctimas de VP, dado que a menudo, son su primer contacto en los servicios de salud. Para poder desarrollar acciones formativas encaminadas a la capacitación de los futuros profesionales, un elemento previo es conocer la percepción de los estudiantes respecto a esta problemática. Objetivo: Adaptar y validar la escala para evaluar la percepción de la violencia de pareja, de los autores australianos Beccaria, et al. (2011). Metodología: Se desarrolló un estudio métrico y descriptivo en una muestra de 1064 estudiantes de primero a cuarto curso de enfermería de cuatro universidades públicas de Cataluña. Traducción, adaptación y validación de contenido de los ítems. Se realizaron análisis estadísticos y exploración de la estructura factorial y de fiabilidad del instrumento. Resultados: La escala obtenida, de cuatro factores y 32 ítems, se denominó Escala de Percepción de la Violencia de Pareja en Estudiantes de Enfermería (EPVP-EE). La misma mostró niveles aceptables de consistencia interna y aportó evidencias de su validez de constructo. Conclusiones: Se concluyó que el instrumento es fiable y válido; aplicarlo permitirá estudiar la percepción de la violencia de pareja en dichos estudiantes y planificar acciones formativas para la capacitación de estos futuros profesionales, en las escuelas y facultades de enfermería de las universidades de la Comunidad Autónoma de Cataluña.
Background: Violence against women, particularly intimate partner violence (IVP), is a major problem in today's society. Health professionals, particularly nurses, are in a unique position to identify and help women who are victims of IPV, since they often are the first contact in the health services. To develop training programs aimed to prepare future professionals, a previous element is to understand the perceptions of nursing students regarding the problematic. Objective: To adapt and validate the scale for assessing perceptions of IVP, of Australian authors Beccaria, et al. (2011). Methodology: A metric and descriptive study was conducted on a sample of 1064 students in first through fourth year nursing degree at four public universities in Catalonia. Translation, adaptation and validation of item content were done. Statistical analysis and exploration of the factor structure and reliability of the instrument were performed. Results: The obtained scale with four factors and 32 items was called Perception Scale Partner Violence in Nursing Education (PSPV -NE). It showed acceptable levels of internal consistency and provided evidence of its construct validity. Conclusions: It was concluded that the instrument is reliable and valid ; applying it allow to study the perception of the intimate partner violence, in these students and planning training actions for these future professionals, nursing schools and colleges in Catalonia.

Dissertação(mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Escola de Enfermagem, 2011.
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A violência intrafamiliar contra crianças e adolescentes, no Brasil, tem aumentado gradativamente nos últimos anos. Os altos índices apontam para a complexidade que envolve o problema, exigindo que profissionais de saúde intensifiquem o cuidado às famílias e mobilizando diversas instâncias governamentais e não governamentais. A necessidade de que o fenômeno seja considerado uma emergência determina que sejam implantadas ações concretas e imediatas desenvolvidas pela rede de serviços que atendem as famílias. Visando reduzir suas consequências, o acesso aos serviços sociais e de saúde e a resolutividade das ações empreendidas são elementos vitais para combater os altos índices de violência intrafamiliar. O acesso e a resolutividade, em conjunto, correspondem à capacidade do serviço de ofertar cuidados coerentes com as necessidades de seus usuários. Este estudo teve como objetivo geral analisar a satisfação das famílias em relação ao acesso e à resolutividade das ações e serviços de dois serviços de proteção às vítimas de violência intrafamiliar do município do Rio Grande/RS. Constituem seus objetivos específicos: (1) Analisar a satisfação das famílias em relação ao acesso aos serviços que atendem situações de violência intrafamiliar no município do Rio Grande/RS; (2) analisar a satisfação das famílias em relação à resolutividade das ações desenvolvidas em serviços que atendem famílias em situações de violência intrafamiliar no município do Rio Grande/RS. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, de caráter descritivo e exploratório. A amostra foi composta pelas informações contidas em 113 avaliações realizadas por famílias vinculadas ao CREAS e ao Conselho Tutelar, as quais foram coletadas no período de 2008 a 2009, através da aplicação de um questionário que avalia a satisfação dos usuários de serviços de saúde mental(SATIS-BR-Usuário). As informações selecionadas foram submetidas a análises descritivas, de correlação canônica e de regressão múltipla. Os resultados indicam alta correlação entre acesso e resolutividade (RC= 0,8659) e que os serviços são considerados de fácil acesso pelas famílias quando são, sobretudo, receptivos (0,883837), as tratam com respeito e dignidade (0,858614) e as escutam (0,626720). Sendo possuidor de tais características, aspectos como tempo de deslocamento até o serviço e informações sobre o tratamento prestado adquirem menor importância para o usuário. A resolutividade é expressa pela decisão do familiar em retornar ao serviço, caso haja necessidade (0,900171), por sua satisfação com os serviços (0,872823) e com a quantidade de ajuda recebida (0,803617), pela avaliação de que a equipe estava lhe ajudando (0,827258) e de que os serviços o ajudaram a lidar com os problemas (0,758437); e ainda pela compreensão dos mesmos por parte da pessoa que o recebeu no serviço (0,688417). Além disso, evidenciaram uma forte associação (R= 0,83), altamente significativa (p=0,00000), entre o grau de satisfação das famílias e quatro aspectos da resolutividade das ações e serviço, sendo que o aspecto “satisfação com a quantidade de ajuda que recebeu” é o que possui maior influência na satisfação dos familiares (beta= 0,314682).
Family violence against children and adolescents in Brazil is gradually increasing in recent years. The high rates point to the complexity involved in this problem by requiring health workers step up care to families and mobilizing various government agencies and nongovernmental organizations. The need for this phenomenon is considered as an emergency requires be implemented immediate and concrete actions undertaken by various departments within the network. Thus, to reduce its impact, access to social services and health and the resolution of the actions taken are vital to combat high rates of domestic violence. Access and resoluteness, together, correspond to the capacity of the service to offer care consistent with the needs of its users. This study aimed to analyze the satisfaction of families in relation to access and resolute actions and services of two protective services to victims of domestic violence in the city of Rio Grande / RS. Constitute the specific goals: (1) analyze the satisfaction of families regarding access to services that address situations of domestic violence in Rio Grande, RS, (2) examine the satisfaction of families regarding the resolution of the actions developed in services serving families in situations of domestic violence in Rio Grande / RS. This is a quantitative, descriptive and exploratory. The sample was composed of the information contained in 113 assessments by the families involved CREAS and the Guardian Council, which were collected between 2008 to 2009, through the application of a questionnaire evaluating the satisfaction of users of mental health services ( SATIS-BR-User). Selected information were submitted to descriptive analysis, canonical correlation and multiple regression. The results indicate high correlation between access and problem solving (RC = 0,8659) and that the services are considered easily accessible for families when they are especially receptive(0,883837), treat them with respect and dignity(0,858614) and listen (0,626720). Being possessed of such features, aspects such as travel time to service and information about the treatment provided minor gain for the user. The problem solving is expressed by the decision of the family to return to service should the need arise (0,900171), for their satisfaction with services (0,872823) and the amount of aid received (0,803617), the assessment that the team was helping him (0,827258) and that the services helped them deal with the problems (0,758437) and also by understanding thereof by the person who received the service (0,688417). Moreover, they observed a strong association (R = 0,83), highly significant (p = 0,00000), between the degree of satisfaction of families and four aspects of problem solving actions and service, with due regard to satisfaction with amount of aid it received "is what has greater influence on family satisfaction (beta = 0,314682).
La violencia intrafamiliar contra niños y adolescentes, en Brasil, tiene aumentado gradativamente en los últimos años. Los altos índices apuntan para la complejidad que envuelve el problema, exigiendo que profesionales de salud intensifiquen el cuidado as familias e movilizando diversas instancias gubernamentales e no gubernamentales. La necesidad de que el fenómeno sea considerado una emergencia determina que sean implantadas acciones concretas y inmediatas desarrolladas por la rede de servicios que atienden las familias. Mirando reducir sus consecuencias, el acceso a los servicios sociales y de salud y la resolutividad de las acciones emprendidas son elementos vitales para combatir los altos índices de violencia intrafamiliar. El acceso y la resolutividad en conjunto corresponden a la capacidad del servicio de ofertar cuidados coherentes con las necesidades de sus usuarios. Este estudio tuve como objetivo general analizar la satisfacción de las familias en relación al acceso y a la resolutividad de las a e servicios de dos servicios de protección a las víctimas de violencia intrafamiliar del municipio del Río Grande/RS. Constituyen sus objetivos específicos: (1) Analizar la satisfacción de las familias en relación al acceso a los servicios que atienden situaciones de violencia intrafamiliar en municipio de Río Grande/RS; (2) analizar la satisfacción de las familias en relación a resolutividad de las acciones desarrolladas en servicios que atienden familias en situaciones de violencia intrafamiliar en municipio de Río Grande/RS. Se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, de carácter descriptivo y exploratorio. La muestra fue compuesta por las informaciones contenidas en 113 evaluaciones realizadas por familias vinculadas al CREAS y al Consejo Tutelar, las cuales fueran colectadas en período de 2008 a 2009, a través de la aplicación de un cuestionario que evalúa la satisfacción de los usuarios de servicios de salud mental (SATIS-BR-Usuario). Las informaciones seleccionadas fueran sometidas el análisis descriptivos, de correlación canónica y de regresión múltipla. Los resultados indican alta correlación entre acceso y resolutividad (RC= 0,8659) y que los servicios son considerados de fácil acceso por las familias cuando son, sobretodo, receptivos (0,883837), las tratan con respeto y dignidad (0,858614) y las escuchan (0,626720). Siendo poseedor de tales características, aspectos como, tiempo de desplazamiento hasta el servicio y informaciones sobre el tratamiento prestado, adquieren menor importancia para el usuario. La resolutividad es expresa por la decisión del familiar en retornar al servicio caso aja necesidad (0,900171), por su satisfacción con los servicios (0,872823) y con la cuantidad de ayuda recibida (0,803617), por la evaluación de que el equipo estaba le ayudando (0,827258) y de que los servicios le ayudaran a lidar con los problemas(0,758437); y aún por la comprensión de los mismos por parte de la persona que le recibió en servicio (0,68841). Además, evidenciaran una fuerte asociación (R=0,83), altamente significativa (p=0,00000), entre el grado de satisfacción de las familias y cuatro aspectos de la resolutividad de las acciones y servicio, siendo que el aspecto “satisfacción con la cuantidad de ayuda que recibió” es lo que posee mayor influencia en la satisfacción de los familiares (beta= 0,314682).

Os profissionais das Unidades de Saúde da Família (USF) podem ser considerados altamente vulneráveis à violência no trabalho, uma vez que atuam diretamente na comunidade, por vezes em regiões com altas taxas de criminalidade e com falta de segurança, tendo muitas vezes condições e organização do trabalho desfavoráveis. Objetivou-se analisar a exposição dos trabalhadores de saúde à violência laboral nas USF e as suas interfaces com as condições e a organização do trabalho. Tratou-se de pesquisa com abordagem mista, que utilizou a estratégia aninhada concomitante, realizada em USF de uma capital da região sul do Brasil, com os profissionais que compunham a equipe mínima de saúde da família (n=190). Uma amostra probabilística de 106 profissionais respondeu ao Survey Questionnaire Workplace Violence in the Health Sector, dentre os quais 18 profissionais, vítimas de violência, responderam à entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados quantitativos foram submetidos à estatística descritiva e analítica, sendo considerado significativo p<0,05. Os dados qualitativos foram transcritos e submetidos à analise do tipo temática. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa da instituição proponente e coparticipante e todos os participantes assinaram o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. Na amostra (n=106), 80,2% tratou-se de mulheres, com mediana de idade de 42,5 anos, brancas (61,9%), casadas ou com companheiros (53,8%). Os ACS representaram 52,8% da amostra, seguidos de técnicos/auxiliares de enfermagem (23,6%), enfermeiros (15,1%) e médicos (8,5%). A maioria dos profissionais (69,8%) sofreu algum tipo de violência nos últimos 12 meses, sendo prevalentes as agressões verbais (65,1%), ocorridas por meio de xingamentos, ofensas, humilhações e ameaças Dos participantes, 33,8% referiram terem sofrido dois ou mais tipos de violência no trabalho, sendo os maiores perpetradores os pacientes para violência física (100%), agressão verbal (79,4%), discriminação racial (81,8%) e assédio sexual (60%). As chefias foram mencionadas como principais agressores nos casos de assédio moral (46,7%). Encontraram-se diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre vítimas e não vítimas no que se refere à categoria profissional e idade (p<0,05). Nas entrevistas foi destacada atuação na recepção como agravante para a exposição às situações de violência. As principais reações das vítimas foram: contar para o colega (entre 33,3% e 80% das situações) e relatar para o chefe (entre 20% e 56,5%). Permanecer superalerta, vigilante, de sobreaviso ou constantemente tenso foi o problema mais referido pelas vítimas, exceto nas situações de assédio moral, que desencadearam principalmente sentimentos de pesar para realizar as atividades. Abalos à saúde dos trabalhadores foram mencionados pelos participantes como consequências dos episódios de violência, bem como relatos de absenteísmo e a vontade de abandonar a profissão. Entretanto, os profissionais tendiam à naturalização e banalização desses episódios. As vítimas de violência apresentaram piores avaliações sobre as condições e a organização do trabalho, sendo significativamente piores as avaliações quanto aos relacionamentos com colegas e chefias (p<0,05) Melhorias no ambiente (61,3%) e investimento em desenvolvimento de recursos humanos (75,5%) foram destacadoscomo necessidades no que tange à problemática. Os participantes referiram inexistência de condutas que promovem a segurança no local de trabalho (entre 37,7% e 67%), uma vez que a vulnerabilidade dos profissionais à violência urbana do território foi mencionada como fator agravante dessas situações nas USF. Conclui-se que os profissionais das USF estão muito expostos à violência, especialmente do tipo verbal e vinda dos pacientes. A organização e as condições de trabalho estão implicadas na origem desta problemática e carecem de investimentos a fim de garantir a preservação da integridade física e psicológica dos trabalhadores e o cumprimento das atividades previstas de atenção à comunidade.
Professionals working at Unidades de Saúde da Família (USF – Family Health Units) may be considered highly vulnerable to violence in the workplace, since they work directly with the community, often in areas which present high rates of criminality and little security; and often in unfavorable work conditions and organization. The objective was an analysis of the exposition of such health workers to violence in the workplace in the USFs and their relationship with the conditions and the organization of where they work. This research present a mixed approach which used concomitant strategy, performed at a USF located in a capital city in the south region of Brazil; having as main object the professionals forming the basic staff for family health (n=190). A probabilistic sample of 106 practitioners answered the Survey Questionnaire Workplace Violence in the Health Sector; among them 18 workers, who have been victims of violence, answered a semi-structured interview. Quantitative data were subjected to descriptive and analytical statistics, being deemed significant the value p<0.05. Qualitative data were transcribed and subjected to an analysis of the thematic kind. This study was approved by the Ethics and Research Commitee of the proposing and coparticipant institution, and all subjects signed the Informed Consent form. In the sample (n=106), 82.2% were women, with and average age of 42.5, White (61.9%), married or living with a partner (53.8%). The Community Health Agents (Agentes Comunitários de Saúde – ACS) constituted 52.8% of the sample, followed by nursing auxiliaries and technicians (23.6%), nurses (15.1%) and doctors (8.5%). The majority of the professionals (69.8%) have suffered some form of violence in the last 12 months, such violence being verbal in most of the cases (65.1%), such as swearing, offences, humiliations and threats Among the participants, 33.8% reported having suffered two types or more of violence in the workplace, being the patients the perpetrators of physical violence (100%), verbal aggression (79.4%), racial prejudice (81.8%) and sexual harassment (60%). Those in leadership positions were reported as the main aggressors in case of psychological harassment (46.7%). Significant statistical differences were found in relation to the victims and non-victims when it comes to professional category and age (p<0.05). In the interviews there was great emphasis to the reception as an aggravating element to the exposition to situations involving violence. The victims‟ main reactions were: talking to a colleague (between 33.3%-80% of the cases) and reporting to the head (between 20%-56.5%). The most common problems referred by the victims were having to be extra alert, watchful, wary, or constantly tense, except in situations of psychological harassment, which unleashed feelings of grief and sadness to perform their duties. Damage to the workers‟ health were also described by the participants as a consequence of the episodes of violence, as well as accounts of absenteeism and wishes to abandon career. However, the professionals to see these episodes naturally and in a trivial way These victims of violence presented the worst evaluation in relation to workplace conditions and organization, being significantly worse the evaluation of the relationship with colleagues and heads (p<0.05). Improvement in the work environment (61.3%) and investments in the development of human resources (75.5%) were emphasized as the main needs in relation to this problem. The participants made reference to the non existence of conduct which might promote security at work (between 37.7%-67%), since the vulnerability of these professionals to urban violence in the area was mentioned as an aggravating factor in these situations in USF. It can be concluded that the professionals working at USF are extremely subjected to violence, in particular of the verbal type and performed by patients. The conditions and organization of the workplace are also implied in the origins of this problem and are poorly investigated in order to guarantee the preservation of the physical and psychological integrity of the workers, as well as the activities intended to the community.
Los profesionales de las Unidades de Salud de la Familia (USF) pueden ser considerados altamente vulnerables a la violencia en el trabajo, una vez que actúan directamente en la comunidad, por veces en regiones con altas tasas de criminalidad y con falta de seguridad, teniendo muchas veces condiciones y organización de trabajo desfavorables. Se objetivó analizar la exposición de los trabajadores de salud a la violencia laboral en las USF y sus interfaces con las condiciones y la organización de trabajo. Se trató de pesquisa con abordaje mixta que utilizó la estrategia aniñada concomitante, realizada en USF de una capital de la región Sur de Brasil, con los profesionales que componen la equipe mínima de salud de la familia (n=190). Una muestra probabilística de 106 profesionales contestó al Survey Questionnaire Workplace Violence in the Health Sector, entre los cuales, 18 profesionales, víctimas de violencia, contestaron a la encuesta semiestructurada. Los datos cuantitativos fueron sometidos a la estadística descriptiva y analítica, siendo considerado significativo p<0,05. Los datos cualitativos fueron transcritos y sometidos a la revisión de tipo temática. El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética y Pesquisa de la instituición proponente y coparticipante, y todos los participantes firmaron el Termo de Consentimiento Libre y Esclarecido. En la muestra (n=106), 80,2% se trató de mujeres, con mediana de edad de 42,5 años, blancas (61,9%), casadas o con compañeros (53,8%) Los ACS representaron 52,8% de la muestra, seguidos de técnicos/auxiliares de enfermería (23,6%), enfermeros (15,1%) y médicos (8,5%). La mayoría de los profesionales (69,8%) sufrió algún tipo de violencia en los últimos 12 meses, siendo predominante las agresiones verbales (65,1%). Ocurridos por medio de insultos, ofensas, humillaciones y amenazas. De los participantes, 33,8% refirieron haber sufrido dos o más tipos de violencia en el trabajo, siendo los mayores perpetradores los pacientes a la violencia física (100%), agresión verbal (79,4%), discriminación racial (81,8%) y asedio sexual (60%). Las cabezas fueron mencionadas como principales agresores en los casos de asedio moral (46,7%). Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significantes entre víctimas y no víctimas en lo que se refiere a la categoría profesional y edad (p<0,05). En las encuestas fue destacada actuación en la recepción como agravante para la exposición a las situaciones de violencia. Las principales reacciones de las víctimas fueron: contar para el colega (entre 33,3% e 80% de las situaciones) y relatar para el jefe (entre 20% y 56,5%). Permanecer muy atento, vigilante, estar sobre aviso o constantemente tenso fue el problema más referido por las víctimas, excepto en las situaciones de asedio moral, que desencadenó principalmente sentimientos de pesar para realizar las actividade Conmociones a la salud de los trabajadores fueron mencionados por los participantes como consecuencias a los episodios de violencia, bien como relatos de absentismo y la voluntad de abandonar la profesión, entretanto, los profesiones tendían a la naturalización y banalización de esos episodios. Las víctimas de violencia presentaron peores evaluativas cuanto a los relacionamientos con colegas y cabezas (p<0,05). Mejorías en el ambiente (61,3%) e inversiones en desarrollo de recursos humanos (75,5%) fueron destacados como necesidades en lo que dice respeto a la problemática. Los participantes refirieron a la inexistencia de conductas que promueven la seguridad en el local de trabajo (entre 37,7% y ¨&%), una vez que la vulnerabilidad de los profesionales a la violencia urbana de territorio fue mencionada como factor agravante de esas situaciones en las USF. Se concluye que los profesionales de las USF están muy expuestos a la violencia, especialmente del tipo verbal y venida de los pacientes. La organización y condiciones de trabajo están implicadas en la origen de esta problemática y carecen de inversiones a fin de garantizar la preservación de la integridad física y psicológica de los trabajadores y el cumplimento de las actividades previstas de atención a la comunidad.

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The education of health professionals approaches several aspects such as their social role and care work, research and education; that is, they are educated to give support for all of the individual s needs. For a long time, I have been thinking about the practice of sexuality concepts among nursing students since they have to give instructions of the related issues as familial planning and STD/AIDS prevention; sometimes they are victims of their own setting. This transversal, exploratory, descriptive, quantitative study aimed at investigating among nursing students their knowledge, practice and sources of information on contraceptive methods and STD/AIDS. Moreover, it approaches some aspects of sexual-life practice as well as its consequence. A semi-structured questionnaire was used for collecting data. The results showed that the majority of the students had some information on this issue when attending high school period, especially on contraceptive methods as the use of condoms, pills and withdrawal method. AIDS was the most stressed subject among STD. Learning this subject was more effective when they attended graduation period, especially in the 4th grade during the class of Nursing in the Care of Transmitted Diseases. The sources that most contributed for their knowledge were the classes and related reading. They have had little information from their parents on this issue. They reported the initial age of 10 to 13 years recommended to start receiving information on contraceptive methods and STD/AIDS prevention. Condoms and pills are the most effective contraceptive methods according to them. The great majority of them showed a misunderstanding in relation to some contraceptive methods such as condoms and pills playing a role in the prevention of STD. Seventh seven percent of them have just started their sexual life; out of these, 45.7% in the age of 16 to 18 years. The majority of the students stated to know how to prevent STD, however some of them did not make use of this knowledge. The most used contraceptive methods were the combination of pills and condoms, and/or the single use of one of them. Some of them, who made use of pills and other contraceptive methods, without being the condoms, did not care about the risk of STD/AIDS contamination. Behavioral aspect was the greatest constraint between reason/emotion in relation to STD/AIDS prevention and unwanted pregnancy . The approach of this study is to provide better understanding on subjects related to human sexuality for the nursing students, therefore they will be able to work on these themes at hospitals, HBU (Health Basic Units) or at elementary or high schools. Without this learning either their professional activities or their own behavior in relation to sexual issues will be impaired.
A formação dos profissionais da saúde abrange diversos aspectos tais como o seu papel social e assistencial; de pesquisa e de educação, ou seja, são preparados para atender as pessoas em todas as suas necessidades. Há muito, venho refletindo sobre a interiorização dos conceitos sobre a sexualidade entre os acadêmicos de enfermagem, visto que, apesar de transmitirem conhecimentos à clientela sobre temas relativos a planejamento familiar e prevenção de DST/HIV/AIDS, algumas vezes têm sido as vítimas neste contexto.O presente estudo é do tipo transversal, exploratório descritivo com abordagem quantitativa, com o objetivo de investigar o conhecimento, uso e as fontes de informações dos métodos contraceptivos e prevenção de DST/AIDS, além de abranger o estudo de aspectos da vivência sexual e sua conseqüência. Para tanto foi utilizado um questionário semi-estruturado entregue as acadêmicas da 1ª a 4ª série do Curso de Graduação em Enfermagem da Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto. Os resultados mostraram que a maioria das acadêmicas referiu ter recebido informações no ensino médio sobre métodos contraceptivos, principalmente sobre preservativos, pílula anticoncepcional e coito interrompido. A AIDS aparece como a DST mais abordada, o aumento do conhecimento ocorreu no decorrer da graduação, firmando-se efetivamente na 4ª série na disciplina de Enfermagem em Doenças Transmissíveis. As acadêmicas referiram como fontes que mais contribuíram as aulas e leituras específicas. A participação dos pais nesta educação foi incipiente. Acreditam que a idade ideal para se iniciar as orientações sobre métodos contraceptivos e DST/HIV/ADS está entre 10 e 13 anos. Citam como métodos contraceptivos mais seguros os preservativos e os anticoncepcionais orais. Há uma distorção e compreensão errônea por parte de muitas acadêmicas, que alguns métodos contraceptivos como os anticoncepcionais orais e injetáveis e o DIU contribuam em muito para a prevenção de DST. Setenta e sete porcento das acadêmicas já iniciaram a vida sexual, destas 45,7% na idade entre 16 e 18 anos. A maioria (97,8%) afirma saber como prevenir DST, porém nem todas fazem uso do conhecimento adquirido. Os métodos contraceptivos mais utilizados são a combinação de anticoncepcionais orais e preservativos, e/ou pelo uso único de um dos dois, sendo que, as que fazem uso somente da pílula e outros métodos que não a utilização do preservativo, se expõem ao risco de contrair DST/HIV/AIDS. A questão comportamental ainda é a maior barreira entre a razão/emoção dificultando a prevenção das DST/AIDS e gravidez não planejada. A abordagem desta pesquisa reside na perspectiva de inserção de estudantes de enfermagem como orientadores de temas relacionados à sexualidade humana, seja em hospitais, ambulatórios, UBS ou escolas do ciclo fundamental e médio. Entende-se que sem este preparo, tanto sua vivência profissional quanto seu comportamento serão prejudicados em relação à questão sexual e a reflexão sobre sua própria sexualidade.

Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Health Sciences (Nursing), Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2017.
BACKGROUND: Quiet often when students return from clinical placement, complain of being abused by patients and their relatives. Student nurses view clinical placement as an anxiety producing part of the nursing programme (Magnavita and Heponiemi 2011: 208). As a result, some resign and leave nursing fearing for their lives. AIM OF THE STUDY: To determine the extent and types of violence experienced by student nurses from patients and their relatives or friends in public hospitals in KwaZulu-Natal, and whether this leads to intentions to leave the nursing profession. METHODOLOGY: A quantitative, descriptive cross sectional survey approach conducted amongst student nurses (n=421) at KwaZulu-Natal College Nursing R425 Program starting from their first year of training up to the midwifery module. Self-Administered Questionnaires (SAQ) were used to collect data and data analysed using SPSS version 23. RESULTS: All respondents (n=421) completed the SAQ (annexure B). Many student nurses, especially female students, are victims of intimidation, bullying and verbal abuse as opposed to physical and sexual abuse by patients’ relatives and patients. The workplace violence against student nurses resulted in anger and absenteeism. The majority have not reported any abuse and they were not even aware of any policy that exists in their institutions against any form of violence. DISCUSSION: Findings in this study revealed that student nurses, like all other nurses, were also at a high risk of workplace violence. This may be because nurses have the closest contact with patients and their relatives; hence they are at high risk of exposure to violence. Since all settings are potentially high risk for violence, it is therefore necessary for the management to improve security in all high-risk areas for the student nurses to be safe. RECOMMENDATIONS: Public hospitals and the Department of Health (DOH) needs to formulate clear policies regarding violence against student nurses, and information on how to report the occurrence. There is a need for development or improvement of policies, procedures and intervention strategies. The DOH needs to address the issues of violence by implementing strategies to create a supportive environment that facilitates empowerment for the positive emotional wellbeing of student nurses. Managers have the responsibility to create and maintain zero tolerance regarding workplace violence. Public hospitals need to employ Managers with required skills and higher education to deal with workplace violence. There is a need for further research and more details on workplace violence and its cause.
M

Masters of Art
Intimate partner violence (IPV) has reached epidemic proportions in South Africa, prompting the government to pass the Domestic Violence Act 116 (1998). However, numerous scholars still believe that legislation is lacking due to inadequate implementation of protocol in the healthcare sector. In the healthcare setting, nurses are usually the first people that abused women make contact with and so they are in an excellent position to identify IPV victims and prevent further abuse. Routine universal screening in the healthcare setting is recommended as a means to identify women who suffer in abusive relationships. However, several problems have been encountered with the attempts to implement screening practices. In this study the various perceived barriers to IPV screening among nursing students were examined by use of a descriptive survey approach. The research participants were 103 nursing students from the University of the Western Cape. Data were collected by means of a selfadministered questionnaire and analysed using descriptive as a means to uncover the relationship between perceived barriers and the screening practices of the participants. The aim of this study was to identify the barriers that will discourage a nurse from routinely screening for intimate partner violence in a healthcare practice. The present study’s results indicated that the majority of variance in routinely screening for IPV can be explained by barriers related to HCP knowledge of managing IPV disclosure; the perceived responses of patients to screening; the privatisation of abuse; and whether HCP regard IPV as a healthcare issue. Information, regarding the beliefs of healthcare providers (HCP) with regard to IPV as well as the barriers they perceive toward screening, will be helpful in designing curricula that will successfully teach HCP how to screen for IPV and it will also be useful in making positive changes to the screening conditions in healthcare settings.

AIM. The aim of this study was to describe the utilization of family planning methods by the nursing students in the selected nursing education institution. METHODOLOGY. A non-experimental descriptive survey design with a quantitative approach was used to describe the utilization of family planning methods by the nursing students. For the study, the quota sampling technique where 106 nursing students were selected. A self-developed questionnaire based on a conceptual framework, study objectives, and existing questionnaires was used as a data collection instrument. FINDINGS. The results yielded by the study showed that 63.9% (n = 62) used family planning methods before coming to college which was the majority of the respondents. Of the total number of participants, 35.1% (n = 34) who never used family planning methods before were still not using any method. The majority of students using family planning methods perceive this as beneficial. The perceived self-efficacy by the users is also high. A recommendation for future practice is that there should be health information available to students during orientation. The name used for these services may also need to be looked at. The qualitative study on the topic may yield different or similar results.
Thesis (M.N.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2010.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1990.
Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 110-121).

The number of new graduates greatly affects the existence of any profession and for the nursing profession this rings very true. However, in this caring and nurturing profession many undergraduate nursing students indicate that they consider leaving the profession due to exposure to intra-professional violence. Intra-professional violence may take many forms, is perpetrated by different individuals and have negative effects on patients, staff and institutions therefore it should be identified and managed. In South Africa it has, so far, been a topic which has not received much attention. Purpose Determine the presence of intra-professional violence experienced by undergraduate nursing students in South Africa and then create an awareness of intra-professional violence to eliminate the occurrence thereof. Design A quantitative, non-experimental, explorative and descriptive design was used. Methods The data was collected by means of a questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed to undergraduate nursing students at nine NEI in South Africa. Findings Although characteristics of oppressed group behaviour are present in undergraduate nursing students it to a low extent. Undergraduate nursing students are experiencing intra-professional violence in the clinical learning environment from different perpetrators. The most likely perpetrator is the registered nurse. The intra-professional violence does cause stress but are deemed controllable according to the undergraduate nursing students. Furthermore the results show that the presence of stress results in an increased control of intra-professional violence. The most likely coping mechanism for intra-professional violence is to do nothing. Conclusion The findings correlated with international results and indicate that intra-professional violence is experienced by undergraduate nursing students in South Africa. Oppressed group behaviour is a contributing factor, but is not the sole cause. Undergraduate nursing students do need education about intra-professional violence and engaging coping mechanisms. Clinical relevance If intra-professional violence is controlled, interpersonal relationships can improve. This would create an environment in which learning can be promoted and undergraduate nursing students will be able to develop their clinical skills with confidence. Furthermore, attrition will decline and nursing shortages can be countered.
Dissertation (MCur)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Nursing Science
unrestricted