Academic literature on the topic 'Nutrition surveys – Ethiopia'
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Journal articles on the topic "Nutrition surveys – Ethiopia"
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Watson, Fiona, Bekele Negussie, Carmel Dolan, Jeremy Shoham, and Andrew Hall. "Quality and potential use of data collected during nutrition surveys: an analysis of surveys in Ethiopia." International Health 3, no. 2 (2011): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.inhe.2011.01.003.
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Faerber, Emily, Roland Brouwer, Jan Low, and Amy Webb Girard. "Community-Based Nutrition Education Improves Caregivers’ Knowledge of Complementary Feeding in Southern Ethiopia." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (2020): 979. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa054_051.
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Abstract Objectives Quality Diets for Better Health (QDBH) is a nutrition-sensitive agriculture project in southern Ethiopia that promotes vitamin A-rich orange-fleshed sweetpotato (OFSP) and community-based nutrition education to improve the quality of young child diets. The objective of this research is to examine the impact of the project and other predictors on caregiver knowledge of infant and young child feeding (IYCF) over time. Methods Communities were randomized to a control group and intervention groups receiving OFSP planting materials and community-based nutrition education. Households with infants <6 months completed a baseline survey in January 2018, and follow-up surveys 7 and 13 months later. Knowledge of IYCF recommendations and vitamin A was assessed at each visit; a knowledge score (range 0–100) was calculated by assigning points for accurate responses. If a caregiver was missing not more than two responses, we imputed her score with the community-mean to retain sample size and minimize bias. We used mixed effects modeling to examine the effect of QDBH and other factors, such as education and prenatal counseling, on knowledge scores over time, while controlling for covariates. Results Of the 605 households who completed the baseline survey, 548 (90.6%) and 523 (86.4%) completed the follow-up surveys. Baseline characteristics of the group lost to follow-up did not differ from those retained in the sample. Knowledge scores were highest at baseline (65.3 ± 14.4), and lower at 7 months (48.4 ± 13.8) and 13 months follow-up (46.9 ± 14.0). Baseline scores were higher among caregivers with higher education (P < 0.05) and who reported receiving prenatal IYCF counseling (P < 0.0001), but also declined faster among those who had prenatal counseling (β = −1.6, P = 0.04). Knowledge scores in intervention and control groups were similar at baseline (P = 0.49), but scores of those in the intervention group declined less rapidly than those in the control group (β = 4.0, P < 0.0001). Conclusions Caregivers’ knowledge of IYCF decreased in the postnatal period; decreases were fastest among those who received prenatal IYCF counseling and among those in the control group. Postnatal community-based nutrition education can help maintain knowledge of IYCF recommendations. Funding Sources This research is funded by the European Union in partnership with the International Potato Center.
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Anthonj, Carmen, Lisa Fleming, Ryan Cronk, et al. "Improving Monitoring and Water Point Functionality in Rural Ethiopia." Water 10, no. 11 (2018): 1591. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10111591.
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This study examines the patterns, trends, and factors associated with functional community water points in rural Ethiopia and identifies potential areas of improvement in terms of practitioner response to functionality and functionality monitoring. It was part of an integrated WaSH and nutrition program implemented by UNICEF Ethiopia and the Government of Ethiopia. Cross-sectional surveys were conducted to collect WaSH-related data in communities and WaSH committees from four community-based nutrition (CBN) program groupings in Ethiopia. In all areas, CBN was implemented, but only in less than half of the areas, a WaSH intervention was implemented. Seventy-three representative kebeles, comprising 30 intervention and 43 control communities, were surveyed. Two structured surveys were conducted. The ‘community survey’ addressed community water points and their functionality and the main areas for improvement needed. The ‘WaSH committee survey’ investigated technical and management aspects of water points and their functionality. Data were analyzed using bivariate regression to identify community characteristics and management practices associated with functionality of water points and explore opportunities to improve water point functionality and monitoring. In the communities, 65% of water points were functional. Eighty percent of communities had a WaSH committee. The WaSH committee members reported that the most used water point types were protected dug wells and boreholes, and that 80% of their water points were functional. India Mark II pumps were more likely to be functional and communities with longer established WaSH committees had higher water point functionality. Communities suggested that the key factors for water point sustainability were improving water quality and water pressure, reducing water collection time, and speeding up repair times. Taking community leaders’ ‘priority lists’ into consideration offers sustainable opportunities for demand-driven, adaptive and targeted design and implementation of rural water supply programs, which, if they include the grassroots level as key informants and actors of change, can succeed. Interventions should integrate the ‘voice’ of the community, the WaSH committees, and other stakeholders and thereby facilitate transdisciplinary approaches at different stages of program management (planning, monitoring, and evaluation). This would help closing the knowledge to action gap and improve policy, programming, practice, and service delivery.
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Tareke, Amare Abera, and Taddese Alemu Zerfu. "Magnitude, Trends, and Determinants of Iodized Salt Availability among Households in Ethiopia: Analysis of Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys (2000–2016)." Nutrition and Metabolic Insights 14 (January 2021): 117863882110253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11786388211025342.
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Background: Iodine deficiency causes various health problems such as mental defects, goiter, reproductive damage, hypo and hyperthyroidism, stillbirth, abortion, congenital abnormalities, cretinism, mental retardation, muscle anomalies, and reduced work output. Although the adverse effects on health and socio-economic development are well known, they persisted as a public health problem worldwide. Salt iodization is recommended as a simple cost-effective method to prevent iodine deficiency disorders. This study aimed to determine the magnitude, trends, and determinants of iodized salt availability in the household in Ethiopia. Methods: The current study used the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys conducted from 2000 to 2016 with a total of 57 939 households. Descriptive statistics were performed on selected background characteristics to provide an overall picture of the sample after considering sample weights. To ensure the representativeness of the sample we applied a complex sample design considering household weights, primary sampling units, and the strata associated with it. The Cochran–Armitage test was performed to assess the trend of iodized salt availability in the household. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the association between the dependent variable and independent variables. A significance level of .05 was chosen for all analyses. Results: The magnitude of iodized salt availability in the household was 28.45% in 2000, 54.34% in 2005, 15.42% in 2011, and 89.28% in 2016. Iodized salt availability increased from 28.45% [95% CI: 27.69-29.21] in 2000 to 89.28% [95% CI: 88.79-89.75] in 2016. Despite the decline from 2005 to 2011 in the percentage of households with iodized salt, overall, there was a significant increment from 2000 to 2016 in Ethiopia ( P-value <.001). There were differences in the status of salt iodization in the administrative region, wealth, family size, and ownership of radio or television. Conclusion: Remarkable progress has been made in Ethiopia regarding iodized salt availability in recent years. Besides the current efforts to achieve universal salt iodization, future interventions should prioritize specific groups like those with lower socioeconomic status and geographic areas with lower availability of iodized salt in the household.
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Tasic, Hana, Nadia Akseer, Seifu H. Gebreyesus, et al. "Drivers of stunting reduction in Ethiopia: a country case study." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 112, Supplement_2 (2020): 875S—893S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqaa163.
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ABSTRACT Background Chronic undernutrition in children continues to be a global public health concern. Ethiopia has documented a significant decline in the prevalence of childhood stunting, a measure of chronic undernutrition, over the last 20 y. Objectives The aim of this research was to conduct a systematic assessment of the determinants that have driven child stunting reduction in Ethiopia from 2000 to 2016, focused on the national, community, household, and individual level. Methods This study employed both quantitative and qualitative methods. Specifically, a systematic literature review, retrospective quantitative data analysis using Demographic and Health Surveys from 2000–2016, qualitative data collection and analysis, and analyses of key nutrition-specific and -sensitive policies and programs were undertaken. Results National stunting prevalence improved from 51% in 2000 to 32% in 2016. Regional variations exist, as do pro-rich, pro-urban, and pro-educated inequalities. Child height-for-age z score (HAZ) decomposition explained &gt;100% of predicted change in mean HAZ between 2000 and 2016, with key factors including increases in total consumable crop yield (32% of change), increased number of health workers (28%), reduction in open defecation (13%), parental education (10%), maternal nutrition (5%), economic improvement (4%), and reduced diarrhea incidence (4%). Policies and programs that were key to stunting decline focused on promoting rural agriculture to improve food security; decentralization of the health system, incorporating health extension workers to improve rural access to health services and reduce open defecation; multisectoral poverty reduction strategies; and a commitment to improving girls’ education. Interviews with national and regional stakeholders and mothers in communities presented improvements in health service access, women and girls’ education, improved agricultural production, and improved sanitation and child care practices as drivers of stunting reduction. Conclusions Ethiopia's stunting decline was driven by both nutrition-specific and -sensitive sectors, with particular focus on the agriculture sector, health care access, sanitation, and education.
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Kim, Sunny, Celeste Sununtnasuk, Amare Tadesse, et al. "Home Food Availability, Food Insecurity and Nutrition Knowledge Are Key Factors Influencing Dietary Diversity Among Adolescent Girls in Southern Ethiopia." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (2020): 536. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa046_036.
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Abstract Objectives In Ethiopia, where 40% of the population is under 15 years, evidence on adolescent nutrition is limited. We examined the dietary diversity and its determinants among in-school adolescent girls in 2 regions in southern Ethiopia. Methods We used household survey data from 162 in-school adolescent girls aged 10–14 y across 54 primary schools in one agrarian region (SNNP) and one pastoralist region (Somali), collected in October-November 2019. Multiple regression models were used to examine factors such as nutrition knowledge, food availability and food insecurity associated with the dietary diversity score, adjusted for age and geographic clustering. Results All of the adolescent girls were currently enrolled in school (grades 4–8), and most resided with their mothers (96.9%) and fathers (80.2%). Prevalence of thinness was 11.7% (body mass index (BMI)-for-age Z-score &lt; −2SD), and 35.2% were mildly thin (BMI-for-age Z-score &lt; -1SD). Dietary diversity was low, with 3.7 food groups (out of 10) consumed in the last 24 h. Also, 48.8% reported consuming sweets and sugar-sweetened beverages in the last 24 h. Nutrition knowledge among adolescents was moderate, with an average score of 4.8 out of 8 knowledge items. On occurrences of food insecurity in the past 30 days, they reported an average score of 1.1 (out of 9 items). However, household surveys revealed a high degree of food insecurity (56.2%). Adolescents also reported that only 3.6 food groups (out of 10) were available at home some/most/all of the time (that is, 3–7 days) over the past 7 days. Unsurprisingly, food availability at home (β = 0.30, P = 0.000) and food insecurity (β = −0.12, P = 0.013) followed by nutrition knowledge (β = 0.11, 0 = 0.031) were significantly associated with dietary diversity score. Conclusions Understanding the factors influencing poor diets among adolescents will help to enhance the design of educational interventions to improve adolescent nutrition outcomes, a critical priority in Ethiopia. However, household food insecurity and household food availability are serious concerns in this context. Funding Sources Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, through Alive & Thrive, managed by FHI 360; and CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH), led by the International Food Policy Research Institute.
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Moss, Cami, Tesfaye Hailu Bekele, Mihretab Melesse Salasibew, et al. "Sustainable Undernutrition Reduction in Ethiopia (SURE) evaluation study: a protocol to evaluate impact, process and context of a large-scale integrated health and agriculture programme to improve complementary feeding in Ethiopia." BMJ Open 8, no. 7 (2018): e022028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022028.
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IntroductionImproving complementary feeding in Ethiopia requires special focus on dietary diversity. The Sustainable Undernutrition Reduction in Ethiopia (SURE) programme is a government-led multisectoral intervention that aims to integrate the work of the health and agriculture sectors to deliver a complex multicomponent intervention to improve child feeding and reduce stunting. The Federal Ministries of Health and Agriculture and Natural Resources implement the intervention. The evaluation aims to assess a range of processes, outcomes and impacts.Methods and analysisThe SURE evaluation study is a theory-based, mixed methods study comprising impact and process evaluations. We hypothesise that the package of SURE interventions, including integrated health and agriculture behaviour change communication for nutrition, systems strengthening and multisectoral coordination, will result in detectable differences in minimum acceptable diet in children 6–23 months and stunting in children 24–47 months between intervention and comparison groups. Repeated cross-sectional household surveys will be conducted at baseline and endline to assess impact. The process will be assessed using observations, key informant interviews and focus group discussions to investigate the fidelity and dose of programme implementation, behavioural pathways of impact and contextual factors interacting with the intervention. Pathways of impact will also be explored through statistical analyses.Ethics and disseminationThe study has received ethics approval from the scientific and ethical review committees at the Ethiopian Public Health Institute and the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The findings will be disseminated collaboratively with stakeholders at specified time points and through peer-reviewed publications and presentations.
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Mohammed, Shimels H., Tesfa D. Habtewold, Debelo D. Abdi, Shahab Alizadeh, Bagher Larijani, and Ahmad Esmaillzadeh. "The relationship between residential altitude and stunting: evidence from >26 000 children living in highlands and lowlands of Ethiopia." British Journal of Nutrition 123, no. 8 (2020): 934–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114519003453.
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AbstractLittle information is known about the influence of altitude on child growth in Ethiopia, where most people live in highlands. We investigated the relation of residential altitude with growth faltering (stunting) of infants and young children in Ethiopia. We also examined whether the altitude–growth relationship was independent of the influence of the dietary and non-dietary determinants of growth. We used the data of 26 976 under-5-year-old children included in the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys, conducted from 2005 to 2016. The samples were recruited following a two-stage cluster sampling strategy. Stunting was defined by height-for-age <−2 z-scores. The relationship between residential altitude and stunting was examined by running multiple logistic regression analysis, controlling the effect of covariate dietary and non-dietary variables. The residential altitude of the study participants ranged from −116 to 4500 m above sea level (masl). There was a significant and progressive increase in the prevalence and odds of stunting with increasing altitude (P < 0·001), irrespective of the dietary and non-dietary predictors of stunting. The prevalence of stunting was lowest in lowlands (39 %) and highest in highlands (47 %). Compared with altitude <1000 masl, the odds of stunting was 1·41 times higher at altitude ≥2500 masl (OR 1·41, 95 % CI 1·16, 1·71) and 1·29 times higher at altitude 2000–2499 masl (OR 1·29, 95 % CI 1·11, 1·49). Children living in highlands might be at a higher risk of poor growth. Further studies are warranted to understand the mechanism behind the observed altitude–stunting link and identify strategies to compensate for the growth-faltering effect of living in highlands.
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Fenta, Haile Mekonnen, Lijalem Melie Tesfaw, and Muluwerk Ayele Derebe. "Trends and Determinants of Underweight among Under-Five Children in Ethiopia: Data from EDHS." International Journal of Pediatrics 2020 (June 29, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3291654.
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Background and Aims. Malnutrition among under-five children is one of the major causes of death in low-income countries. Accordingly, health sectors in developing countries are providing renewed attention to the status of children’s nutrition. This study sought to explore the trends and identify the determinants of underweight Ethiopian under-five children across time. Methods. The data in the study was obtained from the 2000, 2005, 2011, and 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys (EDHS). The study involved 27564 under-five children across Ethiopian regions. The status of underweight is determined using weight for age. This anthropometric index has been categorized as “underweight” (Z-score less than -2) and “not underweight” (Z-score greater or equal to -2). Logistic regression was used for each survey to detect significant determinants of underweight, while multivariate decomposition was used to determine the trends and identified the child, maternal, and household characteristics that are associated with underweight. Result. The survey in 2000, 2005, 2011, and 2016 showed that 41, 33, 29, and 24% of sampled under-five children were underweight, respectively, and after adjusting for confounders, children were more likely to be underweight if they were male (OR=1.16, 95%CI=1.02, 1.33) in 2016 EDHS. Children whose mother’s age is below 20 (OR=5.75, 95%CI=1.44, 23.1)) were more likely to be underweight compared with children whose mother’s age is above 45. Children whose mothers had no education and primary education only (OR=1.65, 95% CI 1.05, 2.59 and OR=1.43, 95% CI 1.15, 1.78, respectively) were more likely underweight compared to children whose mothers had higher education. Conclusion. Children’s age, birth weight, mother’s education status, and children’s gender were the most common significant factors of underweight. The prevalence of underweight among under-five children declined over time which leads to an achievement in terms of meeting millennium development goals and nutritional targets. Government and concerned stakeholders should work to maintain this achievement for further reduction of underweight among under-five children.
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Harika, Rajwinder, Mieke Faber, Folake Samuel, Afework Mulugeta, Judith Kimiywe, and Ans Eilander. "Are Low Intakes and Deficiencies in Iron, Vitamin A, Zinc, and Iodine of Public Health Concern in Ethiopian, Kenyan, Nigerian, and South African Children and Adolescents?" Food and Nutrition Bulletin 38, no. 3 (2017): 405–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0379572117715818.
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Objective: To perform a systematic review to evaluate iron, vitamin A, zinc, and iodine status and intakes in children and adolescents (0-19 years) in Ethiopia, Kenya, Nigeria, and South Africa. Method: Both national and subnational data published from the year 2005 to 2015 were searched via MEDLINE, Scopus, and national public health websites. For each micronutrient and country, status data from relevant studies and surveys were combined into an average prevalence and weighted by sample size (WAVG). Inadequate intakes were estimated from mean (SD) intakes. Results: This review included 55 surveys and studies, 17 from Ethiopia, 11 from Kenya, 12 from Nigeria, and 16 from South Africa. The WAVG prevalence of anemia ranged from 25% to 53%, iron deficiency from 12% to 29%, vitamin A deficiency (VAD) from 14% to 42%, zinc deficiency from 32% to 63%, and iodine deficiency from 15% to 86% in children aged 0 to 19 years from 4 countries. Generally, children <5 years had higher prevalence of anemia (32%-63%), VAD (15%-35%), and zinc deficiency (35%-63%) compared to children aged 5 to 19 years. Studies with intake data indicated that inadequate intakes ranged from 51% to 99% for zinc, 13% to 100% for iron, and 1% to 100% for vitamin A. Households failing to consume adequately iodized (>15 ppm) salt ranged from 2% in Kenya to 96% in Ethiopia. Conclusion: With large variation within the 4 African countries, our data indicate that anemia and vitamin A, zinc, and iodine deficiencies are problems of public health significance. Effective public health strategies such as dietary diversification and food fortification are needed to improve micronutrient intake in both younger and older children.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Nutrition surveys – Ethiopia"
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Berlie, Arega Bazezew. "Determinants of rural household food security in drought-prone areas of Ethiopia : case study in Lay Gaint District, Amhara Region." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/13615.
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This study examines rural household food security and its determinants in drought-prone Amhara Region of Ethiopia by focusing on Lay Gaint district as a case study site. A range of factors from physical environmental circumstances to policy and institutions-related issues determine households‟ vulnerability to food insecurity and livelihood outcomes. The survey results showed that the majority (74%) of the sampled households experienced food insecurity. The situation was worse among female-headed households such that 86% of them were food insecure. The study revealed that, despite the low level of productivity related to local environmental constraints, rural livelihoods remain undiversified with small scale rain-fed agriculture to provide the primary source of livelihood for the large majority of households (~93% of respondents). Only about 25% of the respondents participated in some form of non-farm or off-farm activities, but with only little contribution to their total annual incomes. Food insecurity is a chronic problem in that, on average, households in the study area consume from own production for only about six months. The study found out that the majority of households (about 80%) perceived annual rainfall to be inadequate to support the growing of crops and grazing of animals. The main adaptive strategies employed by the majority of households included diversifying livestock kept, planting trees and diversifying crops. The study revealed that incidence, depth and severity of food insecurity of the food insecure households showed that Woina-Dega and Kolla agro-ecologies are prone to vulnerability to food insecurity. This suggests that development interventions that are geographically differentiated; and build household assets will improve household food security in the study area, and in other similar environments in the country.<br>Geography<br>D.Phil.
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Seyoum, Girma G. "Nutrition survey methods : experience from Ethiopia and field methodology to assess vitamin A status." 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/16731.
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Mutisya, Linet. "Socio-economic determinants and nutritional status of children aged 0-59 months: a population-based survey in Wolayita zone, rural Ethiopia." Thesis, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-408989.
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Background Nutritional status is an important health outcome influenced by both intake and utilization of nutrients. Factors associated with child nutritional status in low-and middle-income countries are many and interlinked yet not fully understood. Child malnutrition is a major problem in Ethiopia whose influence by socio-economic determinants is less studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between socio-economic determinants and undernutrition among children under the age of five years in Wolayita zone, Southern Ethiopia. Methods A population based cross-sectional survey was conducted from August 2011 to January 2012 that included a total of 4,197 children. Purposive sampling was used to select study participants and data were collected using a validated questionnaire and standard anthropometric measurements. Multivariable logistic regression was used to model the association between socio-economic determinants and child undernutrition (stunting and wasting). Results Children from the richest households had significantly lower odds (ORadj= 0.64; 95% CI: 0.55, 0.75) of stunting compared with children from the poorest households. Food secure households had children with significantly lower odds (ORadj 0.83; 95% CI: 0.71, 0.96) of stunting compared food insecure ones. Children of women who always had money were significantly associated with 24% (CI: 0.60, 0.96) decrease in the odds of stunting compared with children of women who never had money. Time availability was not associated with stunting nor wasting. Conclusion Household asset score, food security and women economic status were significantly associated with stunting among children aged 0-59 months. Mitigation measures should be community-based and more studies on maternal time availability and its association with undernutrition are recommended.
Books on the topic "Nutrition surveys – Ethiopia"
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Khatano, G. National nutritional surveillance in Ethiopia: Final report of a workshop--Addis Ababa, May 9-11, 1989. Ethiopia Nutrition Institute, 1989.
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Demeke, Teshome. Vitamin A status of pre-school children in Ethiopia: (an estimate of national prevalence). Ethiopian Nutrition Institute, 1985.
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Report on the national rural nutrition survey, core module, March 1992: National nutritional surveillance system. The Authority, 1993.
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bālaśelṭān, Ethiopia YaMāʻekālāwi stātistiks, ed. Report on the health and nutrition survey of resettlement areas, 1988: People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, Central Statistical Authority. The Authority, 1991.
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Nutrition of young children and women in Ethiopia: Findings from the 2005 Ethiopia demographic and health survey. Macro International Inc., 2005.
Find full textReports on the topic "Nutrition surveys – Ethiopia"
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Hirvonen, Kalle, Gashaw T. Abate, and Alan de Brauw. Survey suggests rising risk of food and nutrition insecurity in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, as COVID-19 restrictions continue. International Food Policy Research Institute, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.133762_10.
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Assaye, Abebaw, and Dawit Alemu. Impact of COVID-19 on Food Systems and Rural Livelihoods in Fogera Plain, Ethiopia - Round 2 Report . Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2020.021.
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This report presents an assessment of the changes in effects of COVID-19 on agricultural commercialisation, food and nutrition security, labour and employment, and poverty and well-being in rural Ethiopia by comparing the results of a baseline household survey (R1) in late June 2020 with a follow-up survey (R2) in late October 2020. Data was collected from a stratified random sample of 106 smallholder rice farmer households (24 female and 82 male-headed) in five kebeles (villages) in the Fogera Plain area of Amhara Region. Data was also collected through 25 key informant interviews conducted in the kebeles.
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Alemu, Dawit, and Abebaw Assaye. Impact of COVID-19 on Food Systems and Rural Livelihoods in Fogera Plain, Ethiopia – Round 1 Report. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2020.002.
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This report presents an early assessment of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on agricultural commercialisation, food and nutrition security, labour and employment, and poverty and well-being in rural Ethiopia. Data was collected from a stratified random sample of 107 households (23 female- and 84 male-headed). Respondents were drawn from a subset of households interviewed in a 2018 APRA survey of smallholder rice farmers in five kebeles (villages) in the Fogera Plain area of Amhara Region. The COVID-19 household survey data is complemented by data from 23 key informant interviews conducted in the kebeles. The data collection for this COVID-19 study will be carried out over three rounds. This report presents insights obtained from the first round conducted during late June/early July 2020.