Journal articles: 'Nutritional aspects of Eating disorders'

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McClain, C. J., L. L. Humphries, K. K. Hill, and N. J. Nickl. "Gastrointestinal and nutritional aspects of eating disorders." Journal of the American College of Nutrition 12, no. 4 (August 1993): 466–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07315724.1993.10718337.

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Simpson, Susan, Jane Knox, Derek Mitchell, James Ferguson, John Brebner, and Eileen Brebner. "A multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of eating disorders via videoconferencing in north-east Scotland." Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 9, no. 1_suppl (June 2003): 37–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/135763303322196286.

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summary Until recently many remote communities in Scotland, especially on the northern islands, were unable to access specialist eating disorder services. The Grampian Eating Disorder Service, based in the north-east of Scotland, has developed a video-therapy service that offers specialist psychological and nutritional therapy for sufferers of eating disorders. Twelve patients have been treated via videoconferencing. Patients consistently rated high levels of satisfaction with all aspects of video-therapy, and after their last session 67% preferred video-therapy to face-to-face therapy. A number of patients commented that, compared with face-to-face therapy, they felt more in control and less intimidated in video-therapy. There was also a trend for patients to become more comfortable with video-therapy over the course of treatment. Nutritional knowledge increased for all patients, and the nutritional content of dietary intake also markedly improved over the course of therapy.

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Lang, Undine E., Christoph Beglinger, Nina Schweinfurth, Marc Walter, and Stefan Borgwardt. "Nutritional Aspects of Depression." Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 37, no. 3 (2015): 1029–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000430229.

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Several nutrition, food and dietary compounds have been suggested to be involved in the onset and maintenance of depressive disorders and in the severity of depressive symptoms. Nutritional compounds might modulate depression associated biomarkers and parallel the development of depression, obesity and diabetes. In this context, recent studies revealed new mediators of both energy homeostasis and mood changes (i.e. IGF-1, NPY, BDNF, ghrelin, leptin, CCK, GLP-1, AGE, glucose metabolism and microbiota) acting in gut brain circuits. In this context several healthy foods such as olive oil, fish, fruits, vegetables, nuts, legumes, poultry, dairy and unprocessed meat have been inversely associated with depression risk and even have been postulated to improve depressive symptoms. In contrast, unhealthy western dietary patterns including the consumption of sweetened beverage, refined food, fried food, processed meat, refined grain, and high fat diary, biscuits, snacking and pastries have been shown to be associated with an increased risk of depression in longitudinal studies. However, it is always difficult to conclude a real prospective causal relationship from these mostly retrospective studies as depressed individuals might also change their eating habits secondarily to their depression. Additionally specific selected nutritional compounds, e.g. calcium, chromium, folate, PUFAs, vitamin D, B12, zinc, magnesium and D-serine have been postulated to be used as ad-on strategies in antidepressant treatment. In this context, dietary and lifestyle interventions may be a desirable, effective, pragmatical and non-stigmatizing prevention and treatment strategy for depression. At last, several medications (pioglitazone, metformin, exenatide, atorvastatin, gram-negative antibiotics), which have traditionally been used to treat metabolic disorders showed a certain potential to treat depression in first randomized controlled clinical trials.

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Angelova, Natasha Virmozelova. "REVIEW OF THE BOOK “PSYCHO-SOCIAL ASPECTS OF NUTRITION AND EATING DISORDERS” WRITTEN BY TSVETELINA HADZHIEVA." Psychological Thought 13, no. 2 (October 30, 2020): 491–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.37708/psyct.v13i2.538.

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This review presents the book “Psycho-social aspects of nutrition and eating disorders,” whose author is Tsvetelina Hadzhieva,Ph.D. The proposed book treats issues related to nutrition and eating disorders and the relationship they have with the culture and society. The review reflects the structure of the book in accordance with the information of each chapter. The review ends with a positive appraisal.

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Rayar, Olivia, and Jill Davies. "Cross‐cultural aspects of eating disorders in Asian girls." Nutrition & Food Science 96, no. 4 (August 1996): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610119207.

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Aranha, Ana Cecília Corrêa, Carlos de Paula Eduardo, and Táki Athanassios Cordás. "Eating Disorders Part I: Psychiatric Diagnosis and Dental Implications." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 9, no. 6 (2008): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-9-6-73.

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Aim The aim of this article is to present a review of the literature on eating disorders and related oral implications in order to provide oral healthcare professionals and psychiatrists with information that will enable them to recognize and diagnose these disorders and render appropriate treatment. Methods and Materials A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted with special emphasis on the oral implications of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Results Currently, available knowledge that correlates eating disorders with dental implications is supported by data derived from well-conducted psychiatric and psychological literature. However, little is known about the aspects of oral medicine concerned with the subject. Dental erosion, xerostomia, enlargement of the parotid gland, and other dental implications might be present in individuals with eating disorders. Conclusions Eating disorders are a serious concern with regard to the oral health of patients. They represent a clinical challenge to dental professionals because of their unique psychological, medical, nutritional, and dental patterns as well as their unique characteristics. However, there is a general lack of awareness of the fundamental importance of the dentist's role in the multidisciplinary treatment of affected patients. Clinical Significance The failure of oral healthcare professionals to recognize dental characteristics of eating disorders may lead to serious systemic problems in addition to progressive and irreversible damage to the hard tissues. Considering the increasing incidence and prevalence rates of eating disorders the participation of oral healthcare professionals in a multidisciplinary team to provide care for affected patients rises to greater importance. Citation Aranha ACC, Eduardo CP, Cordás TA. Eating Disorders Part I: Psychiatric Diagnosis and Dental Implications. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 September; (9)6:073-081.

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Panea-Pizarro, Isabel, José M. Moran, Jesús Lavado-García, Luis Beato-Fernández, Ana Teresa Domínguez-Martin, Sara Huerta-González, Andre Novo, Juan D. Pedrera-Zamorano, and Fidel López-Espuela. "Health-Related Quality of Life in Spanish Women with Eating Disorders." Nutrients 13, no. 2 (January 27, 2021): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13020403.

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People with eating disorders show impaired health-related quality of life (HRQoL). We aimed to investigate the relative role of physical and mental factors and stage of change as possible predictors of HRQoL in a group of Spanish women (n = 124) with eating disorders. For this purpose, initial and follow-up data were obtained after 6 months from patients attending an outpatient treatment unit for eating disorders. The determinants of the physical and mental domains of the Medical Outcomes Survey Short-form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire were investigated in the total sample and separately based on the eating disorder diagnosis by multiple linear regression. Lower scores in the physical component of the SF-36 questionnaire were associated with the presence of a higher body mass index (BMI) at follow-up as well as a higher score in the “action” component of the Attitudes towards Change in Eating Disorders Questionnaire (ACTA). Conversely, a higher index in the EuroQoL-5D overall quality of life questionnaire (EQ-5D) and the presence of obsessive compulsive disorder were associated with a higher score in the physical dimension. The instrument used demonstrated the ability to assess changes associated with the physical component of these patients over the period studied, and the analysis provided more information and specific data on different aspects of HRQoL, thus allowing a more detailed analysis of the information.

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Filatova, Olga V., Sergei S. Polovinkin, Irina V. Chervova, Evgenia I. Baklanova, and Irina O. Plyasova. "Estimation of psychological features, body composition and status of actual nutrition of women with eating behavior disorders." Obesity and metabolism 15, no. 3 (November 23, 2018): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/omet9314.

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Background: the violations of eating behavior began to be actively studied since the mid-20th century. In recent years, researchers from different countries have found new evidence of the role of eating behavior, the patient's eating habits in the development of obesity. Since the scope of the study of eating behavior and its disorders began to develop actively relatively recently, many aspects of this problem have not yet been studied. Aim: was to study the psychological features, body composition and parameters of actual nutrition of women with eating behavior disorders. Methods. We used the Dutch questionnaire DEBQ to analyze the types of eating behavior. To assess the severity of eating disorders inherent in eating disorders, the technique "Scale of Eating Behavior Assessment" was used. The actual mental state of the subjects was studied using a clinical and psychological test a questionnaire of the severity of psychopathological symptoms (SCL-90-R). The component composition of the body was assessed using the apparatus for bioimpedanceometry ABC-01 "Medass". The evaluation of the actual nutrition by the method of frequency analysis was carried out with the help of the computer program "Analysis of the state of human nutrition". Results. In all groups of women with eating disorders, higher values on the scales of desire for thinness, bulimia and dissatisfaction with the body, somatization, obsessional-compulsiveness, interpersonal sensitivity, depressiveness, anxiety were found. As the eating disorders worsened, the consumption of mono-and disaccharides and added sugar increased, which was accompanied by an increase of the body fat, both in absolute and relative units. Conclusions. In women with eating disorders violations of personal and psychological characteristics, nutrition patterns were detected, which were accompanied by an increase in body fat.

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Visweswaraiah, Naveen, and Kousalya Nathan. "Adolescent Obesity and Eating Disorders: Can Calorie Restriction have a Positive Impact." Current Nutrition & Food Science 16, no. 4 (July 13, 2020): 433–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573401315666190114153400.

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Background: The current obesogenic environment with relatively increased affordability and availability of high calorie food and beverages, has led to an alarming increase in the prevalence of obesity and related lifestyle disorders in children and adolescents, predisposing them to accelerated aging. The increased prevalence may be due to the eating behavior of adolescents, their genetic and molecular etiology and/or due to the impact of psychological stress and their wrong lifestyle choices. Calorie restriction has been extensively researched for reducing the obesity in adolescents and adults but is yet to be successfully implemented. Objective: The present review paper focuses on the types of calorie restriction diets, the role of its mimics and the nutrigenomic mechanisms that may be helpful in reducing obesity and related disorders in the adolescents. The role of behavioral therapeutic techniques and physical activity has also been highlighted in addition to the calorie restricted diet for bringing about an overall lifestyle modification in the management of obesity. Conclusion: Food preferences are acquired in childhood and sound nutritional practices should be established in childhood to prevent lifestyle disorders and premature aging. Though CR is a known and preferred non-pharmacological intervention in the management of obesity, its implemention has not been explored and evaluated extensively. This is a vital area that needs scientific research as the goals of obesity managements are no longer just weight loss through dietary restrictions. An interdisciplinary method to lifestyle modification in the management of adolescent obesity addressing all physiological and psychosocial aspects is recommended.

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Smitka, Kvido, Hana Papezova, Karel Vondra, Martin Hill, Vojtech Hainer, and Jara Nedvidkova. "The Role of “Mixed” Orexigenic and Anorexigenic Signals and Autoantibodies Reacting with Appetite-Regulating Neuropeptides and Peptides of the Adipose Tissue-Gut-Brain Axis: Relevance to Food Intake and Nutritional Status in Patients with Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa." International Journal of Endocrinology 2013 (2013): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/483145.

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Eating disorders such as anorexia (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) are characterized by abnormal eating behavior. The essential aspect of AN is that the individual refuses to maintain a minimal normal body weight. The main features of BN are binge eating and inappropriate compensatory methods to prevent weight gain. The gut-brain-adipose tissue (AT) peptides and neutralizing autoantibodies play an important role in the regulation of eating behavior and growth hormone release. The mechanisms for controlling food intake involve an interplay between gut, brain, and AT. Parasympathetic, sympathetic, and serotoninergic systems are required for communication between brain satiety centre, gut, and AT. These neuronal circuits include neuropeptides ghrelin, neuropeptide Y (NPY), peptide YY (PYY), cholecystokinin (CCK), leptin, putative anorexigen obestatin, monoamines dopamine, norepinephrine (NE), serotonin, and neutralizing autoantibodies. This extensive and detailed report reviews data that demonstrate that hunger-satiety signals play an important role in the pathogenesis of eating disorders. Neuroendocrine dysregulations of the AT-gut-brain axis peptides and neutralizing autoantibodies may result in AN and BN. The circulating autoantibodies can be purified and used as pharmacological tools in AN and BN. Further research is required to investigate the orexigenic/anorexigenic synthetic analogs and monoclonal antibodies for potential treatment of eating disorders in clinical practice.

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Sarkar, Siddharth, Kanwal Preet Kochhar, and Naim Akhtar Khan. "Fat Addiction: Psychological and Physiological Trajectory." Nutrients 11, no. 11 (November 15, 2019): 2785. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11112785.

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Obesity has become a major public health concern worldwide due to its high social and economic burden, caused by its related comorbidities, impacting physical and mental health. Dietary fat is an important source of energy along with its rewarding and reinforcing properties. The nutritional recommendations for dietary fat vary from one country to another; however, the dietary reference intake (DRI) recommends not consuming more than 35% of total calories as fat. Food rich in fat is hyperpalatable, and is liable to be consumed in excess amounts. Food addiction as a concept has gained traction in recent years, as some aspects of addiction have been demonstrated for certain varieties of food. Fat addiction can be a diagnosable condition, which has similarities with the construct of addictive disorders, and is distinct from eating disorders or normal eating behaviors. Psychological vulnerabilities like attentional biases have been identified in individuals described to be having such addiction. Animal models have provided an opportunity to explore this concept in an experimental setting. This discussion sheds light on fat addiction, and explores its physiological and psychological implications. The discussion attempts to collate the emerging literature on addiction to fat rich diets as a prominent subset of food addiction. It aims at addressing the clinical relevance at the community level, the psychological correlates of such fat addiction, and the current physiological research directions.

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Visioli, Francesco, Andrea Poli, Andrea Peracino, Livio Luzi, Carlo Cannella, and Rodolfo Paoletti. "Assessment of nutritional profiles: a novel system based on a comprehensive approach." British Journal of Nutrition 98, no. 6 (December 2007): 1101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114507853475.

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The prevalence of non-communicable diseases (for example, cardiovascular disorders, type 2 diabetes and cancer) is rampant in Western societies, accounting for approximately 60 % of all causes of death. A large proportion of non-communicable diseases can be prevented through appropriate diets and lifestyles. Accordingly, several health authorities and regulatory bodies are assessing the nutritional profiles of food items and whole diets, to implement guidelines aimed at improving the diet of the general population. While a global approach is desirable, the need of individuals to maintain their distinct dietary habits must also be taken into account. The portion sizes of food as well as pattern of food consumption, for example during or between the main meals, are very important in determining the nutritional profile of a diet. A novel method to assess the nutritional profile of foods is being proposed and made available on-line. Its main innovative aspects are (1) the comprehensive manner with which the system analyses and computes a great range of features of individual food items and (2) the distinction among eating occasions, namely during or in-between the main meals. Moreover, this approach allows for rapid modification and great flexibility to suit individual needs and gastronomic habits.

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Masdar, Huriatul, Pragita Ayu Saputri, Dani Rosdiana, Fifia Chandra, and Darmawi Darmawi. "Depresi, ansietas dan stres serta hubungannya dengan obesitas pada remaja." Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia 12, no. 4 (April 30, 2016): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.23021.

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Background: Obesity can occur in all ages, including adolescents. Multiple factors were known related to obesity including psychological factor. Eating excessively could be response toward loneliness, grief or depression. Anxiety can contribute to determining the food intake and nutrient substance, and stress can cause behavioral disorders such as abnormal (excessive) eating behavior that leads to obesity. Objective: The aimed of this research was to know depression, anxiety, and stress and their relationship with obesity in adolescents in Pekanbaru. Method: A cross-sectional research was performed, involving 132 subjects taken from 7 of 14 State Senior High Schools in Pekanbaru, 66 subjects were overweight/obese and 66 subjects were normal. Body mass index per age was used to determine their nutritional status according to Indonesian Ministry of Health Standard 2010 for nutritional status of 5-18 years old children. Depression, anxiety, and stress were measured by using DASS 42 Scale, and categorized only into normal or having depression/anxiety/stress. Data were statistically analyzed by using Chi-Square test with significance level 95%.Results: The results showed 17.4% subjects were categorized depression, 65.2% were anxiety and 34.8% were stress. Statistically analyzed using Fisher test showed that there was significant association between depression with obesity (p=0.003, OR=0,219) and stress with obesity (p=0.044, OR=0,028).Conclusion: Psychological aspects such as depression and stress were related to obesity in State Senior High Schools Students in Pekanbaru

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Ruiz-Gayo, Mariano, and Nuria D. Olmo. "Interaction Between Circadian Rhythms, Energy Metabolism, and Cognitive Function." Current Pharmaceutical Design 26, no. 20 (June 21, 2020): 2416–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612826666200310145006.

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The interaction between meal timing and light regulates circadian rhythms in mammals and not only determines the sleep-wake pattern but also the activity of the endocrine system. Related with that, the necessity to fulfill energy needs is a driving force that requires the participation of cognitive skills whose performance has been shown to undergo circadian variations. These facts have led to the concept that cognition and feeding behaviour can be analysed from a chronobiological perspective. In this context, research carried out during the last two decades has evidenced the link between feeding behaviour/nutritional habits and cognitive processes, and has highlighted the impact of circadian disorders on cognitive decline. All that has allowed hypothesizing a tight relationship between nutritional factors, chronobiology, and cognition. In this connection, experimental diets containing elevated amounts of fat and sugar (high-fat diets; HFDs) have been shown to alter in rodents the circadian distribution of meals, and to have a negative impact on cognition and motivational aspects of behaviour that disappear when animals are forced to adhere to a standard temporal eating pattern. In this review, we will present relevant studies focussing on the effect of HFDs on cognitive aspects of behaviour, paying particular attention to the influence that chronobiological alterations caused by these diets may have on hippocampaldependent cognition.

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Aramico, Basri, Toto Sudargo, and Joko Susilo. "Hubungan sosial ekonomi, pola asuh, pola makan dengan stunting pada siswa sekolah dasar di Kecamatan Lut Tawar, Kabupaten Aceh Tengah." Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) 1, no. 3 (August 25, 2016): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.21927/ijnd.2013.1(3).121-130.

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ABSTRACT Background: High prevalence of stunted children that indicates nutrition problem in Indonesia is a chronic problem associated with poverty, low education, and lack of service and environmental health. The low birth weight infant will have an impact on growth disorders in children. Objectives: To identify association between social economic aspect of the family, rearing pattern, eating pattern and stunting in elementary school children in Lut Tawar Subditrict Central Aceh Regency.Methods: The study were analytic observational with cross sectional design and qualitative method. Data were obtained through observation and interview using questionnaire. Samples were 378 children from 11 elementary school in Lut Tawar Subdistrict Central Aceh Regency. Samples were selected by proportional random sampling. Analysis used chi-square at confi dence interval 95%. Number of samples were 378 children.Results: There were association between maternal education and nutritional status (p<0.001) OR=4.06; father education and nutritional status (p<0.001) OR=3.37; number of underfi ves with nutritional status (p=0.007) OR=2.71; income of parent and nutritional status (p<0.001) OR=7.8; rearing pattern and nutritional status (p<0.001)) OR=8.07; eating pattern and nutritional status (p<0.001) OR=6.01. There were dominant association between rearing pattern and nutritional status with OR 8, between eating patern,income of parent and nutritional status with OR of 6.01 There were no association between acces and utilization of health service and nutritional status (p=0,78) OR=0,93.Conclusions: There were signifi cant association between rearing pattern, eating pattern, and nutritional status.KEYWORDS: stunting, rearing pattern, eating pattern ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Tingginya prevalensi anak pendek yang menunjukkan masalah gizi di Indonesia merupakan masalah kronis yang berkaitan dengan kemiskinan, rendahnya pendidikan, dan kurang memadainya pelayanan dan kesehatan lingkungan.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara aspek sosial ekonomi keluarga, pola asuh, pola makan, dan stunting pada anak sekolah dasar DI Kecamatan Lut Tawar Kabupaten Aceh Tengah. Metode: Penelitian observasional analitik menggunakan rancangan cross sectional dan metode kuantitatif, jumlah sampel 378 anak, yaitu siswa sekolah dasar kelas I-III pada 11 sekolah dasar. Sampel diambil berdasarkan proportional random sampling, pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner, pengolahan dan analisis data menggunakan program komputer yaitu analisis univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat.Hasil: Tidak ada hubungan antara jenis kelamin dengan status gizi (p=0,39) OR=1,22, tidak ada hubungan antara umur dengan status gizi (p=0,25) OR=0,73, tidak ada hubungan antara akses pelayanan kesehatan dengan status gizi (p=0,78) OR=0,93. Ada hubungan antara pendidikan ibu dengan status gizi (p<0,001) OR=4,06, ada hubungan antara pendidikan ayah dengan status gizi (p<0,001) OR=3,37, ada hubungan antara jumlah balita dalam keluatga dengan status gizi (p=0,007) OR=2,71. Ada hubungan antara pendapatan orang tua dan status gizi (p<0,001) OR=7,8. Ada hubungan antara pola asuh dengan status gizi (p<0,001) ) OR=8,07, ada hubungan antara pola makan dengan status gizi (p<0,001) OR=6,01. Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan yang signifi kan antara pola asuh, penghasilan orang tua, pendidikan orang tua, dan pola makan dengan status gizi. Tidak ada hubungan antara jenis kelamin, umur dan akses pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan dengan status gizi. KATA KUNCI: stunting, pola asuh, pola makan

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Bianciardi, Emanuela, Claudio Imperatori, Marco Innamorati, Mariantonietta Fabbricatore, Angelica Maria Monacelli, Martina Pelle, Alberto Siracusano, Cinzia Niolu, and Paolo Gentileschi. "Measuring Knowledge, Attitudes, and Barriers to Medication Adherence in Potential Bariatric Surgery Patients." Obesity Surgery 31, no. 9 (July 2, 2021): 4045–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11695-021-05485-9.

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Abstract Background Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment for the obesity epidemic, but the poor attendance and adherence rates of post-surgery recommendations threaten treatment effectiveness and health outcomes. Preoperatively, we investigated the unique contributions of clinical (e.g., medical and psychiatric comorbidities), sociodemographic (e.g., sex, age, and educational level), and psychopathological variables (e.g., binge eating severity, the general level of psychopathological distress, and alexithymia traits) on differing dimensions of adherence in a group of patients seeking bariatric surgery. Methods The final sample consisted of 501 patients (346 women). All participants underwent a full psychiatric interview. Self-report questionnaires were used to assess psychopathology, binge eating severity, alexithymia, and three aspects of adherence: knowledge, attitude, and barriers to medical recommendations. Results Attitude to adherence was associated with alexithymia (β = ˗2.228; p < 0.001) and binge eating disorder (β = 0.103; p = 0.047). The knowledge subscale was related to medical comorbidity (β = 0.113; p = 0.012) and alexithymia (β = −2.256; p < 0.001); with age (β = 0.161; p = 0.002) and psychiatric comorbidity (β =0.107; p = 0.021) manifesting in the barrier subscale. Conclusion We demonstrated that alexithymia and psychiatric and eating disorders impaired adherence reducing attitude and knowledge of treatment and increasing the barriers. Both patient and doctor can benefit from measuring adherence prior to surgery, with a qualitative approach shedding light on the status of adherence prior to the postsurgical phase when the damage regarding adherence is, already, done.

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Lundy, Bronwen. "Nutrition for Synchronized Swimming: A Review." International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 21, no. 5 (October 2011): 436–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.21.5.436.

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Synchronized swimming enjoys worldwide popularity and has been part of the formal Olympic program since 1984. Despite this, relatively little research has been conducted on participant nutrition practices and requirements, and there are significant gaps in the knowledge base despite the numerous areas in which nutrition could affect performance and safety. This review aimed to summarize current findings and identify areas requiring further research. Uniform physique in team or duet events may be more important than absolute values for muscularity or body fat, but a lean and athletic appearance remains key. Synchronized swimmers appear to have an increased risk of developing eating disorders, and there is evidence of delayed menarche, menstrual dysfunction, and lower bone density relative to population norms. Dietary practices remain relatively unknown, but micronutrient status for iron and magnesium may be compromised. More research is required across all aspects of nutrition status, anthropometry, and physiology, and both sports nutrition and sports medicine support may be required to reduce risks for participants.

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Marcotrigiano, Vincenzo, Giacomo Domenico Stingi, Simona Fregnan, Pantaleo Magarelli, Pietro Pasquale, Samuele Russo, Giovanni Battista Orsi, Maria Teresa Montagna, Christian Napoli, and Christian Napoli. "An Integrated Control Plan in Primary Schools: Results of a Field Investigation on Nutritional and Hygienic Features in the Apulia Region (Southern Italy)." Nutrients 13, no. 9 (August 28, 2021): 3006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13093006.

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Data concerning overweight and obesity in children and adolescent populations are alarming and represent one of the most serious public health problems of our time. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the school environment may play an important role in health promotion with regard to nutritional aspects. This article reports the results of a study conducted in the Apulia region (Southern Italy), aimed at providing an integrated surveillance of the behaviors related to nutrition habits in students and the hygienic and nutritional conditions of the school’s canteens attended by enrolled students. To this purpose, a sample of 501 students attending primary school (third class—children approximately eight years old) replied to a validated questionnaire, and official controls (OC), of both food and nutritional safety, were performed in 22 primary schools. A team of healthcare professionals carried out the study, and the implementation of all the prescribed improvement actions were subsequently verified through follow-up OC. The results of our study show a critical situation in the student sample, with 41.3% of children having a weight excess (overweight or obesity). With regard to the children’s behaviors, only 59.8% of children ate at least one fruit or had a fruit juice for breakfast, and 10.8% did not have breakfast at all. Overall, 40.1% of the total children played outdoors the afternoon before the survey and 45% reported going to school on foot or by bicycle. During the afternoon, 83.5% of the sample watched television or used video games/tablets/mobile phones, while 42.3% played sports. The schools had an internal canteen with on-site preparation of meals in 36.4%, the remaining 63.6% received meals from external food establishments. With regard to OC, for the hygienic–sanitary section, eleven prescriptions were issued, in the great part related to the structure and organization of the canteen. For the nutritional section, nine corrective actions were prescribed, mainly related to official documents and management. The follow-up OC showed that all prescriptions were subsequently addressed. Eating at school was less frequent among obese and overweight students compared with those with normal weight. Although this evidence needs to be further confirmed, it highlights the potential role that the school canteens may play in health promotion and prevention of nutritional disorders. On the other hand, in order to fulfill its health promotion task, the school canteens have to comply with official regulations and guidelines; therefore, OC during the management of the food service at school are needed.

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Logvinova, Oksana Viktorovna, Alexandra Georgievna Poydasheva, Ilya Sergeevich Bakulin, Olga Viktorovna Lagoda, Elena Igorevna Kremneva, Ekaterina Anatol'evna Troshina, Natalya Valentinovna Mazurina, et al. "Modern concepts of the pathogenesis of obesity and new approaches to its correction." Obesity and metabolism 15, no. 2 (July 28, 2018): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/omet2018211-16.

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The present review considers modern concepts of the physiological mechanisms of the formation of food behavior in a norm at several levels, beginning with the cellular level and ending with the level of functional systems. Neuroimaging methods used for both the study of the pathophysiological foundations of eating disorders and for determining the target for neurostimulation techniques are described. Methods of non-invasive brain stimulation such as transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial electrical stimulation, the mechanisms of their influence and aspects of safety of application are reviewed, the latest data on the results of studies on the use of the above methods in the therapy of obesity are summarized.

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Logvinova, Oksana V., Alexandra G. Poydasheva, Ilya S. Bakulin, Olga V. Lagoda, Elena I. Kremneva, Ekaterina A. Troshina, Natalya V. Mazurina, et al. "Modern concepts of the pathogenesis of obesity and new approaches to its correction." Obesity and metabolism 15, no. 2 (July 28, 2018): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/omet9491.

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The present review considers modern concepts of the physiological mechanisms of the formation of food behavior in a norm at several levels, beginning with the cellular level and ending with the level of functional systems. Neuroimaging methods used for both the study of the pathophysiological foundations of eating disorders and for determining the target for neurostimulation techniques are described. Methods of non-invasive brain stimulation such as transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial electrical stimulation, the mechanisms of their influence and aspects of safety of application are reviewed, the latest data on the results of studies on the use of the above methods in the therapy of obesity are summarized.

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Guiné, Raquel, Ana Cristina Ferrão, Manuela Ferreira, Paula Correia, Ana Paula Cardoso, João Duarte, Ivana Rumbak, Abdel-Moneim Shehata, Elena Vittadini, and Maria Papageorgiou. "The motivations that define eating patterns in some Mediterranean countries." Nutrition & Food Science 49, no. 6 (November 11, 2019): 1126–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/nfs-12-2018-0360.

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Purpose This study to investigate several issues related to food choice and consumption patterns in different countries, including health-related factors; economic and availability aspects; emotional determinants; social, cultural and religious influences; marketing and advertising campaigns; and finally environmental concerns. Design/methodology/approach The present study was based on a questionnaire that was exclusively prepared for the project, and which was applied to collect data in different countries, in particular Croatia, Egypt, Italy, Greece and Portugal, which are typically associated with the Mediterranean diet (MD). Findings The results obtained allowed, in general, to conclude that in all five countries the motivations related to health as well as environment and politics were the more relevant to determine people’s eating habits (scores varying from 0.3 to 0.7). Women were more influenced by eating motivations than men, and people with moderate exercise were more susceptible to health and environmental motivations and less to emotional, social or marketing motivations (p < 0.001 in all cases). It was also observed that people who adopted a special diet were more prone to eating motivations and that the emotional motivations were more pronounced in people with eating disorders (p < 0.001). Finally, people without chronic diseases or allergies were even more influenced by health motivations than those who actually suffered from these health problems (p < 0.001 in both cases). Originality/value This work is important because of the multinational coverage, thus allowing to evaluate the most relevant factors that influenced the food choices of the populations around the Mediterranean Sea, sharing the common link to the MD. The study allowed concluding that, in general, the food choices were primarily determined by health factors and also by concerns related to the environment and sustainability as well as by political influences.

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Przysławskki, Juliusz, Mateusz Stępczak, Monika Reszelska, and Agnieszka Wichura-Demska. "The level of knowledge on dietary supplements among patients of pharmacies in the Greater Poland region." Journal of Medical Science 85, no. 4 (December 29, 2016): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.20883/174.

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Introduction. An appropriately balanced and varied diet should cover the body’s demand for energy and all necessary nutrients. In case of health disorders caused by malnutrition, a change of eating patterns or introduction of temporary dietary supplements containing deficient nutrients should be considered. Aim. Assessment of the level of knowledge among patients of pharmacies in Poznań/Greater Poland on nutritional supplements and factors which influence or decide about their use in everyday life. Material and Methods. A study concerning the use of dietary supplements was conducted on the basis of an original survey in a group of 401 persons, both men and women. The survey consists of 17 single choice questions and one multiple choice question. In order to assess preferences within the scope of use of a chosen group of supplements, a five‑grade hedonic scale was used.Results. The study showed that most patients considered their knowledge to be at least at a good level. Those results were not confirmed by an objective assessment of their knowledge. The most preferred supplements were products including Omega-3 and Omega-6 acids, vitamin D, probiotics and prebiotics, calcium and vitamin and mineral complexes. The preferences among women and men in relation to the choice of specific groups of dietary supplements were similar.Conclusion. The study showed a varied level of knowledge on dietary supplements – especially on the legal aspects of their introduction on the market. The general level of knowledge on supplements was higher in the group of women.

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Przysławskki, Juliusz, Mateusz Stępczak, Monika Reszelska, and Agnieszka Wichura-Demska. "The level of knowledge on dietary supplements among patients of pharmacies in the Greater Poland region." Journal of Medical Science 85, no. 4 (December 29, 2016): 305–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.20883/jms.2016.174.

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Introduction. An appropriately balanced and varied diet should cover the body’s demand for energy and all necessary nutrients. In case of health disorders caused by malnutrition, a change of eating patterns or introduction of temporary dietary supplements containing deficient nutrients should be considered. Aim. Assessment of the level of knowledge among patients of pharmacies in Poznań/Greater Poland on nutritional supplements and factors which influence or decide about their use in everyday life. Material and Methods. A study concerning the use of dietary supplements was conducted on the basis of an original survey in a group of 401 persons, both men and women. The survey consists of 17 single choice questions and one multiple choice question. In order to assess preferences within the scope of use of a chosen group of supplements, a five-grade hedonic scale was used.Results. The study showed that most patients considered their knowledge to be at least at a good level. Those results were not confirmed by an objective assessment of their knowledge. The most preferred supplements were products including Omega-3 and Omega-6 acids, vitamin D, probiotics and prebiotics, calcium and vitamin and mineral complexes. The preferences among women and men in relation to the choice of specific groups of dietary supplements were similar.Conclusion. The study showed a varied level of knowledge on dietary supplements – especially on the legal aspects of their introduction on the market. The general level of knowledge on supplements was higher in the group of women.

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Seidel, Maria, Helen Brooker, Kamilla Lauenborg, Keith Wesnes, and Magnus Sjögren. "Cognitive Function in Adults with Enduring Anorexia Nervosa." Nutrients 13, no. 3 (March 5, 2021): 859. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13030859.

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Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is a severe and often enduring disorder characterized by restriction of food intake, low body weight, fear of weight gain, and distorted body image. Investigations on cognition performance in AN patients have yielded conflicting results. Using an established and sensitive computerized cognitive test battery, we aimed to assess core aspects of cognitive function, including attention span, information processing, reasoning, working and episodic memory, in AN patients and controls. Patients were recruited from the Danish Prospective Longitudinal all-comer inclusion study in Eating Disorders (PROLED). Included were 26 individuals with AN and 36 healthy volunteers (HV). All were tested with CogTrack (an online cognitive assessment system) at baseline, and AN patients were tested again at a follow-up time point after weight increase (n = 13). At baseline, AN patients showed faster reaction times in the attention tasks, as well as increased accuracy in grammatical reasoning compared to HV. There were no differences in cognitive function between AN patients and HV in the other cognitive domains measured (sustained attention, working and episodic memory, speed of retrieval, and speed of grammatical reasoning). No differences were visible in the AN sample between baseline and follow-up. Performance did not correlate with any clinical variables in the AN sample. These findings supplement results from other studies suggesting increased concentration and reasoning accuracy in patients suffering from AN, who showed increased performance in cognitive tasks despite their illness.

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Welland, Natasha Lervaag, Helge Hæstad, Hanne Ludt Fossmo, Kaja Giltvedt, Kristin Ørstavik, and Marianne Nordstrøm. "The Role of Nutrition and Physical Activity as Trigger Factors of Paralytic Attacks in Primary Periodic Paralysis." Journal of Neuromuscular Diseases 8, no. 4 (July 30, 2021): 457–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jnd-200604.

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Background: Primary periodic paralysis (PPP) are rare inherited neuromuscular disorders including Hypokalemic periodic paralysis (HypoPP), Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis (HyperPP) and Andersen-Tawil syndrome (ATS) characterised by attacks of weakness or paralysis of skeletal muscles. Limited effective pharmacological treatments are available, and avoidance of lifestyle related triggers seems important. Objective: Our aim was to search and assess the scientific literature for information on trigger factors related to nutrition and physical activity in PPP. Methods: We searched Ovid Medline and Embase database for scientific papers published between January 1, 1990, to January 31, 2020. Results: We did not identify published observation or intervention studies evaluating effect of lifestyle changes on attacks. Current knowledge is based on case-reports, expert opinions, and retrospective case studies with inadequate methods for description of nutrition and physical activity. In HypoPP, high carbohydrate and salt intake, over-eating, alcohol, dehydration, hard physical activity, and rest after exercise are frequently reported triggers. Regarding HyperPP, fasting, intake of potassium, alcohol, cold foods or beverages, physical activity, and rest after exercise are frequently reported triggers. No nutrition related triggers are reported regarding ATS, exercise can however induce ventricular arrhythmias. Conclusions: Our results support that dietary intake and physical activity may play a role in causing paralytic attacks in PPP, although the current scientific evidence is weak. To provide good evidence-based patient care, several lifestyle aspects need to be further assessed and described.

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Mazurina, Nataliya V., Irina V. Leskova, Ekaterina A. Troshina, Oksana V. Logvinova, Lyubov V. Adamskaya, and Vladimir Ya Krasnikovsky. "Obesity and stress: endocrine and social aspects of the problem in the modern Russian society." Obesity and metabolism 16, no. 4 (March 6, 2020): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/omet9975.

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The purpose of the article is to consider stress as one of the etiological factors of obesity and metabolic syndrome. The review discusses both endocrine and social aspects of stress as a syndrome of adaptation to the current situation in Russian society. It is emphasized that lifestyle factors contributing to the growth of overweight are gaining popularity in the society, and the high incidence of obesity is directly related to the level, quality and lifestyle of a modern man. Constant nervous tension, negative emotions, fear in conditions of abundance of food directly contributes to obesity, which is associated with a large number of other serious diseases. Chronic hyperactivation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and chronic hypersecretion of cortisol, if persistence is not a purely physiological condition. Endocrine mechanisms mediating the development of metabolic disorders on the background of chronic stress include activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system, changes in eating behavior, hyper-production of glucagon and triglyceride accumulation in visceral fat depots. Processes and social changes occurring in modern society contribute to the construction of everyday socio-cultural environment characterized by increased stress. Chronic stress in combination with physical inactivity, the result of improper lifestyle of modern people, becomes an effective factor contributing to the spread among the population of Russia not only overweight, but also various forms of obesity. It is emphasized that at the state level there is an urgent need to adopt and implement effective programs and mechanisms to ensure the population meets modern requirements and environmental standards of healthy food, rationalization of food distribution among the population, the formation of a culture of food consumption, improving the quality of life of the population and the culture of a healthy lifestyle, teaching the population the correct stress-coping behavior.

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Rock, Cheryl L., and Joanne Curran-Celentano. "NUTRITIONAL MANAGEMENT OF EATING DISORDERS." Psychiatric Clinics of North America 19, no. 4 (December 1996): 701–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0193-953x(05)70376-2.

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Winston, Anthony P. "Eating disorders: physical aspects." Women's Health Medicine 1, no. 1 (November 2004): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1383/wohm.1.1.17.55414.

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Gallant, Annette, Jennifer Lundgren, and Vicky Drapeau. "Nutritional Aspects of Late Eating and Night Eating." Current Obesity Reports 3, no. 1 (December 6, 2013): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13679-013-0081-8.

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Wade, G. N., J. E. Schneider, and H. Y. Li. "Control of fertility by metabolic cues." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 270, no. 1 (January 1, 1996): E1—E19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1996.270.1.e1.

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In female mammals, reproduction is extremely sensitive to the availability of oxidizable metabolic fuels. When food intake is limited or when an inordinate fraction of the available energy is diverted to other uses such as exercise or fattening, reproductive attempts are suspended in favor of processes necessary for individual survival. Both reproductive physiology and sexual behaviors are influenced by food availability. Nutritional effects on reproductive physiology are mediated by changes in the activity of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons in the forebrain, whereas the suppression of sexual behaviors appears to be due, at least in part, to decreases in estrogen receptor in the ventromedial hypothalamus. Work using pharmacological inhibitors of glucose and fatty acid oxidation indicates that reproductive physiology and behavior respond to short-term (minute-to-minute or hour-to-hour) changes in metabolic fuel oxidation, rather than to any aspect of body size or composition (e.g., body fat content or fat-to-lean ratio). These metabolic cues seem to be detected in the viscera (most likely in the liver) and in the caudal hindbrain (probably in the area postrema). This metabolic information is then transmitted to the GnRH-secreting or estradiol-binding effector neurons in the forebrain. There is no evidence to date for direct detection of metabolic cues by these forebrain effector neurons. This metabolic fuels hypothesis is consistent with a large body of evidence and seems to account for the infertility that is seen in a number of situations, including famine, eating disorders, excessive exercise, cold exposure, lactation, some types of obesity, and poorly controlled diabetes mellitus.

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Zucker, Nancy, Ashley Moskvich, and Adrienne Soo. "Neuropsychological Aspects of Eating Disorders." Psychiatric Annals 41, no. 11 (November 1, 2011): 539–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/00485713-20111017-07.

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WILLIAMSON, D., C. MARTIN, and T. STEWART. "Psychological aspects of eating disorders." Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology 18, no. 6 (December 2004): 1073–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1521-6918(04)00084-8.

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King, Michael B. "Cultural Aspects of Eating Disorders." International Review of Psychiatry 5, no. 2-3 (January 1993): 205–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/09540269309028311.

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Raphael, Frances J., and J. Hubert Lacey. "Sociocultural Aspects of Eating Disorders." Annals of Medicine 24, no. 4 (January 1992): 293–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/07853899209149957.

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Gray, Gregory E., and Lorraine K. Gray. "Nutritional aspects of psychiatric disorders." Journal of the American Dietetic Association 89, no. 10 (October 1989): 1492–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-8223(21)02401-9.

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Toutonghi, J. "EPA-1820 – Nutritional Interventions for Eating Disorders." European Psychiatry 29 (2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(14)78937-0.

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Laessle, Reinhold G., Ulrich Schweiger, Ulla Daute-Herold, Marion Schweiger, Manfred M. Fichter, and Karl M. Pirke. "Nutritional knowledge in patients with eating disorders." International Journal of Eating Disorders 7, no. 1 (January 1988): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1098-108x(198801)7:1<63::aid-eat2260070107>3.0.co;2-i.

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Herrin, Marcia. "Nutritional Counseling for Women with Eating Disorders." AWHONN Lifelines 3, no. 4 (August 1999): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6356.1999.tb01112.x.

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Capasso, Anna, Claudio Petrella, and Walter Milano. "Recent Clinical Aspects of Eating Disorders." Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials 4, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157488709787047594.

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Nova, Esther, and Ascensión Marcos. "Immunocompetence to assess nutritional status in eating disorders." Expert Review of Clinical Immunology 2, no. 3 (May 2006): 433–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/1744666x.2.3.433.

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Archibald, Liz Shaio. "Nutritional Counseling in the Treatment of Eating Disorders." Eating Disorders 21, no. 4 (July 2013): 372–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10640266.2013.797833.

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van der Ster Wallin, Gisela, Michael Andersson, and Leif Hambraeus. "Nutritional aspects of amenorrhoea in eating disordered patients." European Eating Disorders Review 5, no. 4 (December 1997): 241–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0968(199712)5:4<241::aid-erv169>3.0.co;2-h.

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Krivošíková, Alexandra, Ľudmila Nagyová, and Andrej Géci. "Perception of sensory attributes and marketing tools of selected milk brands." Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences 14 (October 28, 2020): 905–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5219/1363.

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The research has shown that in the last 5,000 years the human evolution has made the greatest leap in the human history. As a result of these changes, thanks to relatively recent discovery of a specific gene, even adult Europeans can digest milk. In their nutritional guidelines based on the scientific evidence, the official health organizations and institutions recommend drinking milk and eating low-fat dairy products such as yoghurts or cheese. The human body absorbs the necessary amount of calcium in the easiest form from cow's milk. Calcium is the essential element not only for healthy bones and teeth but it is also the important factor for the transmission of nerve impulses, it supports heart activity, helps reduce high blood pressure and "bad" LDL cholesterol levels and alleviate allergic reactions. It has impact on proper blood clotting, affects sperm mobility, helps prevent arthritis or can also contribute to better sleep. Milk is a valuable food not only for calcium content but also for selenium which slows down the aging process and contributes to the protection of the immune system. Acid dairy products prevent the digestive disorders, protect against gastrointestinal infections and improve skin condition. Despite all these positive aspects the consumption of milk, as well as dairy products, has the downward trend in Slovakia. In the last decade, the consumption was at a historical minimum and below the recommended annual dose, which is 91 liters of milk per person. Therefore, the main objective of this research paper was to examine the quality of milk produced by two selected competing companies and identify the various factors affecting consumers´ decision-making process when purchasing milk and dairy products. The attention was concentrated on the sensory attributes (colour, appearance, smell, taste and quality) and marketing tools (brand, packaging, label and price). The primary data were obtained by the questionnaire survey, which was conducted in the Slovak Republic with 284 respondents. For a deeper analysis, the data were evaluated by the statistical methods. Based on the results of the blind testing it was determined that even though the quality of monitored milk is the same, the respondents prefer the sensory attributes of Rajo semi-skimmed milk. When it comes to brand, packaging, label and price Tami semi-skimmed milk also lagged behind.

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Kim, Youl-Ri, So-Hyun Cho, and Jeong-Joon Moon. "Addictive Aspects of Eating Disorders and Obesity." Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association 51, no. 1 (2012): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4306/jknpa.2012.51.1.36.

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Nagata, Toshihiko, and Hisashi Yamada. "Psycho-neuro-immunological aspects of eating disorders." International Congress Series 1287 (April 2006): 279–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ics.2005.11.097.

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Vranesic Bender, D., A. Sigurnjak, M. Kozina, D. Ljubas Kelecic, A. Kunovic, and Z. Krznaric. "MON-PP107: Nutritional Knowledge and Eating Behaviour in Patients with Eating Disorders." Clinical Nutrition 34 (September 2015): S167—S168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0261-5614(15)30539-2.

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Quiles-Marcos, Yolanda, Isabel Balaguer-Solá, Lidia Pamies-Aubalat, María José Quiles-Sebastián, Juan Carlos Marzo-Campos, and Jesús Rodríguez-Marín. "Eating Habits, Physical Activity, Consumption of Substances and Eating Disorders in Adolescents." Spanish journal of psychology 14, no. 2 (November 2011): 712–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/rev_sjop.2011.v14.n2.19.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences between adolescents with a high or low risk of developing an eating disorder (ED) in different health behaviors (eating habits, physical activity and the consumption of substances) per gender. The EAT-40 and the Inventory of Behavioral Health in Scholars were applied to 2142 middle school students from Alicante (Spain), of whom 52.8% were girls and 47.2% were boys, with an average age of 13.92 years old (Sd = 1.34). Results indicated that girls with a high risk of developing an ED consumed fewer meals, ate fewer unhealthy foods, followed more diets and paid more attention to nutritional components. Furthermore, they also performed more physical activity with the objective of losing weight, and consumed more tobacco, alcohol and medicines. Boys at high risk of developing an ED followed more diets and paid more attention to nutritional components. For boys, no more differences were found. These results suggest that any program directed at the prevention of ED should not only include nutritional education, but should also seek to promote regular physical activity with objectives other than weight loss or the burning of calories.

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Hoffmann, B. "DIABULIMIA - CULTURAL DETERMINANTS OF EATING DISORDERS." Trakia Journal of Sciences 17, no. 2 (2019): 187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/tjs.2019.02.013.

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Eating disorders are becoming an increasingly common problem. This problem becomes particularly dangerous when it concerns specific groups in which the occurrence of any nutritional irregularities constitutes a serious threat to health and even life. This is the case for diabulimia, which I will present in more detail in this article. Personality predispositions and socio-cultural factors are determined as the main risk factors of development of eating disorders, inclusive diabulimia.

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Kontele, Ioanna, and Tonia Vassilakou. "Nutritional Risks among Adolescent Athletes with Disordered Eating." Children 8, no. 8 (August 21, 2021): 715. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8080715.

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In their attempt to achieve the optimum weight or body shape for their activity, athletes frequently use harmful weight-control practices that may lead to the development of disordered eating or eating disorders. These practices are linked to several medical and mental consequences that may be more serious in adolescent athletes, as their bodies must meet both intensive growth demands and training requirements at the same time. Among other consequences, adolescent athletes may be at nutritional risk, due to their high nutrient needs and unhealthy eating behaviors. A literature review was conducted to examine the main nutritional risks and malnutrition issues faced by adolescent athletes that present disordered eating attitudes or eating disorders. Most studies refer to adult elite athletes, however research on adolescent athletes also indicates that the most common nutritional risks that may arise due to disordered eating include energy, macronutrient and micronutrient deficiencies, dehydration and electrolyte imbalances and changes in body composition that may lead to menstrual abnormalities, and decreased bone mass density. Educational programs and early detection of disordered eating and eating disorders are crucial to avoid the emergence and ensure timely management of nutrition-related problems in the vulnerable group of adolescent athletes.

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Jimerson, David C., and Barbara E. Wolfe. "Neuropeptides in Eating Disorders." CNS Spectrums 9, no. 7 (July 2004): 516–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900009603.

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AbstractThe past decade has witnessed a dramatic acceleration in research on the role of the neuropeptides in the regulation of eating behavior and body weight homeostasis. This expanding research focus has been driven in part by increasing public health concerns related to obesity and the eating disorders anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN). Preclinical advances have been facilitated by the development of new molecular and behavioral research methodologies. With a focus on clinical investigations in AN and BN, this article reviews research on selected hypothalamic and gut-related peptide systems with prominent effects on eating behavior. Studies of the orexigenic peptides neuropeptide Y and the opioid peptides have shown state-related abnormalities in patients with eating disorders. With respect to gut-related peptides, there appears to be substantial evidence for blunting in the meal-related release of the satiety promoting peptide cholecystokinin in BN. Fasting plasma levels of the orexigenic peptide ghrelin have been found to be elevated in patients with AN. As discussed in this review, additional studies will be needed to assess the role of nutritional and body weight changes in neuropeptide alterations observed in symptomatic eating disorder patients, and to identify stable trait-related abnormalities in neuropeptide regulation that persist in individuals who have recovered from an eating disorder.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Nutritional aspects of Eating disorders'

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