Dissertations / Theses: 'Nutritional Status - Cancer'

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Jia, Haiou. "An investigation of the effect of dental status on nutritional status in patients with oral cancer /." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=81344.

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Objective. To investigate the effect of dental status on nutritional status in oral cancer patients. Method. A prospective study design was initially conducted on a group of post-therapeutic oral cancer patients. However, the level of compliance was low, so to ensure fullest use of the data, analyses were performed assuming a cross-sectional study design. Nutritional, dental and clinical information were analyzed at two time periods: evaluation one was at 1-6 months, and evaluation two was at 7-12 months post-therapy. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to evaluate the relationship between dental and nutritional status. Results. 44 subjects participated in evaluation one and 40 participated in evaluation two. Analyses showed that edentulism was a significant predictor for most nutritional indicators adjusting for age, gender, and C-reactive protein. Conclusion. Edentulous oral cancer patients demonstrated significantly poorer nutritional status than fully and partially dentate patients.

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Grace, Eva Marie. "Gastrointestinal symptoms, nutritional status and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in patients with cancer." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2014. http://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/gastrointestinal-symptoms-nutritional-status-and-small-intestinal-bacterial-overgrowth-in-patients-with-cancer(db9fb098-6e1d-4120-859f-3fae32dfbb4f).html.

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Oesophagogastric (OG) cancer patients are at risk of developing persistent gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and/or malnutrition. It is possible that GI symptoms co-exist with malnutrition rather than simply occurring in isolation. Eighty patients with OG cancer were recruited to a prospective observational cohort study to explore this relationship at the point of diagnosis and at 3- and 12 months post-diagnosis (Chapter 3). At 12 months, GI symptoms and malnutrition persisted or developed in 71.9% and 59.6% respectively. High symptom burden tended to be associated with poorer nutritional status and low symptom burden tended to be associated with better nutritional status at each time point. An effective nutritional screening tool is essential for detecting malnutrition in the OG oncology setting. A validation study of the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool against an accepted standard (Patient Generated Subjective Global Assessment) was undertaken (Chapter 4). The screening tool had a sensitivity of 61% and a specificity of 74% and thus, is not suitable for use in this setting. Theoretically, as a consequence of the treatments received, patients with cancer are at high-risk for the development of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), a condition that implies abnormal bacterial colonisation of the proximal small bowel. The incidence of SIBO after diagnosis was measured in a sub-group of the OG cancer cohort (n= 17) and was found to be 82.4% (Chapter 3). There is no gold-standard test for SIBO and a new, accurate diagnostic tool would represent a major development. A cohort of 200 patients previously treated for cancer and undergoing testing for suspected SIBO were recruited (Chapter 5). The metabolic profile of their urine samples was assessed (using metabolomics technology) to establish whether any metabolite(s) could separate individuals with and without SIBO. N-acethylglutamine, a modified amino acid, showed some ability to separate the two groups.

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Lindén, Sanna, and Anneli Thörnell. "Malnutrition hos barn med cancer; Nutritionsstöd och omvårdnad." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Omvårdnad, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-3055.

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Syftet med denna systematiska litteraturstudie som inkluderar 18 artiklar, har varit att belysa vilka nutritionsstöd som kan förebygga och behandla malnutrition hos barn med cancer samt vilka omvårdnadsbehov som finns i samband med nutritionsbehandling. Resultatet visade att barn med cancer som behandlas med strålning och/eller cytostatika ofta drabbas av olika biverkningar som påverkar nutritionen. Cirka 46 % av barnen utvecklade malnutrition. Näringsintaget försämrades ofta på grund av biverkningarna vilket fick till följd att behandlingen försämrades samt tillväxt och utveckling påverkades negativt. Olika sätt fanns för att upprätthålla gott nutritionsstatus. Oralt intag förordades för att upprätthålla mag- tarmkanalens struktur och funktion. Alternativ för kostbehandling när barnet inte klarade att inta oral kost var nasogastrisk sond (NS), Perkutan Endoskopisk Gastrostomi (PEG) och Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN). NS visade sig vara relativt biverkningsfritt och ett alternativ att tillgå under kortare nutritionsbehandlingar. PEG var ett gott alternativ med relativt få biverkningar då barnet behöver nutritionsstöd under längre tid. TPN var ett alternativ enbart då barnet inte kunde äta relaterat till bristande upptag i mag- tarmkanalen. Försämrat näringsintag påverkade barnets livskvalitet. Familjen påverkades genom att ätandet var en stark källa till konflikt mellan barnet och föräldrarna. Det var viktigt att barnet och familjen fick stöd i barnets förmåga att kunna äta samt att erbjudas näringsrik kost. Bedömning av nutritionsstatus och dokumentation av oralt intag, parenteralt intag och effekter av nutritionsbehandlingen var av stor vikt för att kunna ge barnet optimal omvårdnad.

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De, Pomeroy-Legg Jeanita. "Prevalence of side-effects and change in nutritional status during radical radiotherapy for head and neck malignancies at Tygerberg Academic Hospital, Western Cape, South Africa." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1492.

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Balogun, Nyaladzi. "Nutritional status of women referred to a gynaecological cancer centre for treatment of a pelvic mass." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10057457/.

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Background: Malnutrition is a major challenge for patients diagnosed with ovarian cancer and affects between 28% and 67% of women at some point in their cancer trajectory. It is strongly associated with poor health outcomes and decreased survival. Few studies have evaluated nutritional status in this population. The impact of nutritional intervention on outcomes such as body composition and survival is also not well understood. Characterising changes in nutritional status and understanding how women perceive a cancer diagnosis to affect their diet and nutritional needs is required. Aim: This study characterises nutritional status of women diagnosed with ovarian cancer during the period of acute first-line treatment. It also explores the perceptions of women regarding their nutrition and dietary needs and their preferences for supportive intervention. Methods: A mixed-method (quantitative/qualitative) study was conducted to prospectively assess nutritional status. 58 newly diagnosed women and 27 controls were recruited and anthropometric/body composition measures (weight, body fat, dry lean mass, lean mass total body water and extracellular water) and biochemical markers (prealbumin, albumin, C-reactive protein, CA125) assessed at baseline, during treatment and at the end of treatment. Women also completed a study specific questionnaire on their health and dietary intake as well as quality of life questionnaires. Data was analysed using SPSS. Two focus groups with 8 eight women were conducted and discussions centred on the importance of nutrition. The group sessions were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis. Results: The findings are that some women (43%) are malnourished by the time they attend a cancer centre for investigation or treatment of ovarian their cancer. They have lost weight, have decreased lean mass and a low prealbumin. Their quality of life is also affected. Women in the study consider their diet and nutrition to be important and do not feel adequately supported by their clinical team. Nutritional support based on current practice does not seem to improve nutrition outcomes. Conclusion: Well-designed, targeted, randomised controlled trials with specific interventions aimed at early treatment and prevention of further nutritional complications in ovarian cancer patients are urgently required.

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Kramer, Jocelyn Anne. "A longitudinal study of nutritional status, body function and quality of life in inoperable lung cancer." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.624408.

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Yousef, Fatimah Mohammadali. "Vitamin D Status and Breast Cancer in Saudi Arabian Women: Case Control Study." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/202986.

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Vitamin D is an essential nutrient in the human diet. A unique property of vitamin D is that it can be produced by endogenous synthesis in the skin following sufficient Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation. In fact, our understanding of this compound has changed, such that it is no longer consider a true vitamin, but rather a steroid hormone. De-identified data for this analysis were derived from women residing in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia who completed routine medical visits in the summer of 2009 at King Fahad Hospital (KFH). In Chapter 1,“THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN VITAMIN D STATUS IN NORMAL WEIGHT VERSUS OBESE WOMEN RESIDING IN WESTERN SAUDI ARABIA” we evaluate the relationship between body size and serum 25(OH)D concentrations including the association between change in body size during adulthood and vitamin D status. This study examines whether the current weight and weight change since age 18 years are associated with vitamin D status. This study found that neither current weight nor adult weight gain were associated with vitamin D status in Saudi Arabian women. In chapter 2,“IS AVOIDING SUN EXPOSURE VIA SUN PROTECTION PRACTICES ASSOCIATED WITH LOW VITAMIN D STATUS IN SAUDI ARABIAN WOMEN?” we investigate whether women who avoid UV exposure have lower 25(OH)D concentrations than women who do not avoid exposure. UV exposure was defined by time in outdoor activities, use of protective clothing and sunscreen. This study demonstrated that avoiding UV exposure via indoor activity and the use of sunscreen or/and wearing protective clothing was not associated with vitamin D status. Chapter 3, “VITAMIN D STATUS AND BREAST CANCER IN SAUDI ARABIAN WOMEN: A CASE CONTROL STUDY” we examine if vitamin D status as assessed by serum concentrations of 25(OH)D would be lower in breast cancer cases as compared to controls. This study demonstrated that there is a significant relationship between higher serum concentrations of 25(OH)D and lower risk of breast cancer. Chapter 4, “IMPLICATIONS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS” is presented a summary of key findings from the three studies in this dissertation to determine avenues of further research. The appendices consist of materials related to the dissertation work.

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Molla, Haneen. "Investigating the link between nutritional status and surgical outcomes in patients with liver or pancreatic cancer: a pilot study." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=96811.

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Investigating the link between nutritional status and surgical outcomes in patients with liver or pancreatic cancer: A pilot study The rise in the number of liver and pancreatic cancer patients in North America and around the world increases the need to better predict adverse outcomes after surgery. Because this patient population also presents with a higher rate of malnutrition which is known to increase the risks of morbidity and mortality, an effective, and validated, pre-operative nutritional assessment method is needed. This pilot study sought to evaluate the feasibility of various nutritional assessments in this patient population and to collect data on nutritional status in order to identify markers with which to develop future nutritional pre-habilitation programs that could positively impact postoperative outcomes. Results proved the feasibility and usefulness of the nutritional assessment in this patient population. However alleviating patient burden is key in facilitating subject recruitment and compliance. Most patients had a stable nutritional, however, the study also identified a subgroup of patients with worsening nutritional status while awaiting surgery; this group might be at an increased risk for postoperative adverse events. Further studies are needed to evaluate the absolute benefit of a preoperative nutritional rehabilitation program.
Enquête sur le lien entre l'état nutritionnel et les résultats postopératoires des patients atteints de cancer du foie ou du pancréas : une étude pilote La croissance du nombre de patients atteints de cancer du foie ou du pancréas en Amérique du Nord et à travers le monde nous force à trouver une meilleure façon de prédire les résultats postopératoires indésirables. Puisque ces patients sont aussi trop souvent atteints de malnutrition reconnue comme un facteur de risque de morbidité et de mortalité, une méthode précise et validée permettant une évaluation de l'état nutritionnel est nécessaire. La présente étude vise à évaluer la faisabilité des divers outils d'évaluation nutritionnelle et à obtenir des données de l'état nutritionnel de ces patients afin de cerner des marqueurs pouvant aider l'élaboration de programmes de préadaptation qui sauront avoir des effets favorables sur les résultats postopératoires. Les résultats confirment que l'évaluation nutritionnelle de ses patients est à la fois possible et utile. Toutefois, l'atténuation du fardeau du patient est essentielle aux fins de recrutement et d'adhésion. L'état nutritionnel de la majorité des patients était stable. Cependant l'état d'un sous-groupe de patient s'est empiré durant la période préopératoire ce qui pourrait aggraver les risques de résultats postopératoires indésirables. D'éventuelles enquêtes seront utiles afin d'évaluer les avantages définitifs d'un programme de réhabilitation nutritionnel préopératoire.

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Pattison, Ruth. "Alteration in taste perception and its relationship with nutritional status and quality of life in patients with advanced cancer." Thesis, Open University, 1999. http://oro.open.ac.uk/57991/.

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Conducted within the hospice setting, this unique study assessed the prevalence of altered taste perception and its potential relationship with nutritional status in a group of 56 advanced cancer patients who had not received any recent radiotherapy or chemotherapy, compared to 46 age matched healthy controls. An assessment was made of the impact of altered taste perception on quality of life in this group of cancer patients. Taste perception was objectively measured using the International standard for sensory appraisal (lSOI991) and nutritional status assessed using upper arm anthropometry, bioelectrical impedance analysis, weight and hand grip dynanometry. A 3-day weighed intake technique was used to estimate dietary intake, and quality of life assessment was based on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (Zigmund and Snaith, 1983). Results indicate that cancer patients exhibited lower 'bitter' thresholds (increase bitter taste sensitivity) compared to age matched controls an effect which was not related to tumour type. Results of this study also highlight the impact that changes in taste perception have on quality of life, which is pivotal in the appropriate management of altered taste perception in palliative care. ',- \, Heightened olfactory perception was also evident in cancer patients exhibiting heightened gustatory perception. Biochemical analysis suggests that Tumour Necrosis Factor a and associated acute phase response may be associated with increased bitter taste sensitivity. Within the cancer group, heightened bitter perception was associated with a reduced protein intake. These results have demonstrated that in a terminally ill group, dietary management should focus on altered taste perception, aiming to maximise quality of life. Based on these results, a 4-week intervention was undertaken using omega 3 fatty acid (fish oil capsules) in a subsequent group of advanced cancer patients, aimed at manipulating the acute phase response and lNFa production. This demonstrated no changes in taste perception. However, the intervention was associated with attenuation of weight loss and an alteration in fatty acid composition of lipid membrane. These preliminary results suggest the value of further studies to investigate the effects of omega 3 fatty acids on taste perception and other associated symptoms in cancer patients. Moreover, the challenges to recruitment and retention of patient in studies in the terminally ill are highlighted.

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Facina, Vanessa Barbosa [UNESP]. "Evolução do estado nutricional de mulheres com cânceres de mama, ovário ou útero e associação com a ingestão alimentar e sintomas gastrintestinais." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88674.

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Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
O câncer é um importante problema de saúde pública mundial e, também, em países em desenvolvimento, como o Brasil. Dentre os tipos mais frequentes entre as mulheres brasileiras, têm-se os cânceres de mama, de colo de útero e de ovário. Nesta pesquisa foram estudados aspectos relativos à alimentação e nutrição de mulheres acometidas por estes cânceres ginecológicos, com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da quimioterapia na evolução do estado nutricional destas mulheres considerando os sintomas gastrintestinais, o consumo alimentar e as alterações nos exames bioquímicos. Participaram do estudo 29 mulheres, sendo 22 acometidas pelo câncer de mama, 4 pelo câncer de ovário e 3 pelo o de colo de útero. Para tanto, no 1º, 3º e 5º ciclos de quimioterapia foram realizadas entrevistas nas quais as pacientes eram inquiridas sobre intolerâncias alimentares, sintomas gastrintestinais e aplicada a Avaliação Subjetiva Global Produzida Pelo Paciente (ASG-PPP).O consumo alimentar foi avaliado pelo recordatório do consumo de 24 horas, no dia que precedeu a quimioterapia e no dia do procedimento. No dia da quimioterapia foi realizada ainda a avaliação antropométrica. Os dados de exames bioquímicos e de protocolos de quimioterapia foram coletados dos prontuários. Como resultado se obteve que durante a quimioterapia, os sintomas mais frequentes foram: náusea, disgeusia, obstipação, anorexia, diarreia e mucosite. O consumo alimentar sofreu redução em relação à quantidade de energia e nutrientes ingeridos no período em que a paciente realizava a sessão quimioterápica em relação ao período que antecedia a esta. Houve pequena, mas significativa redução na média geral do peso corporal do primeiro para o terceiro ciclo de quimioterapia. No entanto, a maioria das mulheres com câncer de mama ganhou peso...
Cancer is an important public health problem worldwide, and also in developing countries like Brazil. Among the most frequent type affecting Brazilian women, there are cancers of breast, cervical and ovarian. This research studies the aspects related to feeding and nutrition of women affected by these gynecological cancers, with the goal to assess the effect of chemotherapy on the evolution of the nutritional status of these women considering gastrointestinal symptoms, food consumption and changes in biochemical tests. The study included 29 women, 22 affected by breast cancer, 4 by ovarian cancer, and 3 had cervical cancer. Interviews were conducted, on first, third and fifth chemotherapy protocols, in which patients were asked about food intolerance, gastrointestinal symptoms and applied Subjective Global Assessment Produced by the Patient. Dietary intake was assessed by recall of consumption of 24 hours on the day prior to chemotherapy and the day of the procedure. On the day of chemotherapy was also evaluation anthropometric. The data from biochemical and chemotherapy protocols were collected from medical records. As a result it was found that during chemotherapy, being the most common symptoms were: nausea, dysgeusia, constipation, anorexia, diarrhea and mucositis. Food consumption reduced in relation to the amount of energy and nutrients consumed in the period in which the patient was a chemotherapy session in relation to the period preceding this. There was a small but significant reduction in overall mean body weight from first to third cycle of chemotherapy. However, most women with breast cancer gained weight during the procedure. There was no association between frequency of symptoms with the anthropometric indicators, but rather with the consumption of macronutrients and erythrocytes. The ASG-PPP showed... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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Zorlini, Renata. "Perfil nutricional pre-operatorio de mulheres com cancer ginecologico e mamario." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/311114.

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Orientador: Maria Salete Costa Gurgel
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: Introdução: As mulheres com câncer ginecológico ou de mama apresentam, freqüentemente, alterações do estado nutricional como a desnutrição e a obesidade, devido à própria doença como também ao tratamento a que são submetidas: cirurgia, quimioterapia e/ou radioterapia. Tais alterações podem trazer complicações no pós-operatório como aumento do período de hospitalização, dos custos hospitalares e piora do prognóstico. Para identificar este problema, a avaliação nutricional pode ser o melhor método para tratar os distúrbios nutricionais, como a desnutrição e/ou a obesidade, melhorar a resposta terapêutica e o prognóstico das pacientes. Objetivo: Identificar o perfil nutricional pré-operatório de mulheres com câncer ginecológico ou mamário e correlacioná-lo à localização e estádio da doença e tratamentos oncológicos (quimioterapia e/ou radioterapia) prévios. Sujeitos e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal com 250 mulheres avaliadas no pré-operatório de cirurgias oncologicas no CAISM/Unicamp, pelo Índice de Massa Corpórea e pela Avaliação Nutricional Subjetiva Global, no período de agosto de 2003 a abril de 2005. Para análise dos dados foram aplicados os testes Qui-Quadrado e Índice de Concordância entre os dois métodos, assumindo-se o nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: O câncer da mama foi o mais freqüente, predominando em 56,2%. A mediana da idade foi de 52 anos; em cerca de 57% dos casos a neoplasia se restringia aos estádios clínicos 0, I e II, e 77% das mulheres não realizaram outro tratamento oncológico pré-cirurgico. A Avaliação Nutricional Subjetiva Global detectou 76% de mulheres eutróficas e 24% desnutridas, enquanto o Índice de Massa Corpórea identificou 34% de mulheres eutróficas, 3,6% desnutridas e 62,4% com sobrepeso/obesidade. A concordância do diagnóstico de eutrofia e desnutrição pelos dois métodos foi baixa [63,8%; kappa (IC 95%) = 0,0884 (-0,07 ¿ 0,24)]. Não foram observadas correlações entre as avaliações nutricionais e os tratamentos prévios e estádios da doença. Quanto à localização anatômica, segundo a Avaliação Nutricional Subjetiva Global, as mulheres com câncer do corpo do útero eram mais desnutridas que as demais (p=0,02). Conclusões: Os achados sugerem que uma avaliação mais criteriosa deva ser empregada para identificação do estado nutricional pré-operatório em mulheres com câncer ginecológico ou mamário. Palavras-chave: perfil nutricional; avaliação nutricional; desnutrição; obesidade; câncer ginecológico; câncer de mama; pré-operatório
Abstract: Introduction: The oncologic patient often undergoes several surgical procedures and nutritional status is usually altered during hospitalization, resulting in a worse prognosis. The association between cancer and malnutrition or obesity has many consequences, including increased risk of infection, increased length of hospitalization, poor wound healing, reduction in muscle function and its consequences, thus affecting response to therapy. Objective: To identify the preoperative nutritional profile of women with gynecologic or breast cancer, in correlation with disease site and staging as well as previous treatments. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study of 250 women evaluated by Body Mass Index and Subjective Global Assessment from August 2003 to April 2005. For data analysis, the chi-square test was applied and the agreement between the diagnoses of normal nutrition and malnutrition was calculated by both methods using kappa coefficient and its 95% confidence interval. Results: Breast cancer was the most frequent cancer, predominating in 56.2%. The median age of the patients was 52 years. In about 57% of these women, the tumor was restricted to clinical stages 0, I and II and 77% of the women had not undergone any other oncologic treatment prior to surgery. Subjective Global Assessment detected 76% of nourished women and 24% undernourished women, while Body Mass Index identified 34% of nourished women, 3.6% undernourished women and 62.4% overweight/obese women. A low level of diagnostic agreement between normal nutrition and malnutrition by both methods was observed (63.8%; kappa (95% CI) = 0.0884 (-0.07 ¿ 0.24). No correlation between nutritional evaluation and previous treatment and disease staging was observed. Concerning anatomic site, it was subjectively observed that women with cancer of the uterine corpus were more malnourished than the rest (p=0.02). Conclusions: The findings suggest that a more careful evaluation should be employed to identify preoperative nutritional status in women with gynecologic or breast cancer. Keywords: nutritional profile; assessment; malnutrition; obesity; gynecologic cancer; breast cancer; preoperative
Mestrado
Ciencias Biomedicas
Mestre em Tocoginecologia

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Prado, Corina Dias do [UNESP]. "Avaliação nutricional de pacientes com câncer." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88679.

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Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar vários métodos de avaliação nutricional aplicados a pacientes oncológicos. No primeiro capítulo, discutiu-se a literatura existente sobre o tema, a fim de servir de subsídio para alertar os profissionais de saúde sobre a importância e as implicações do estado nutricional do paciente para seu prognóstico e qualidade de vida. No segundo capítulo, realizou-se a adaptação cultural da Avaliação Subjetiva Global – Produzida pelo Paciente (ASG-PPP) e estimou-se sua reprodutibilidade. No terceiro capítulo, calculou-se as medidas estimadas de peso e altura de 62 pacientes, avaliou-se sua correlação e concordância com as medidas reais e identificou-se o risco de desnutrição de pacientes oncológicos, o qual foi aferido a partir de diferentes métodos. No quarto capítulo, investigou-se as características clínicas, sócio-demográficas e o estado nutricional de 134 pacientes oncológicos atendidos no Hospital Amaral Carvalho- Jaú, SP, no período de abril a novembro de 2008
The aim of this study was to describe the several methods of nutritional assessment applied in patients with cancer. In the first chapter, the current literature on this topic is described in order to make health professionals aware of the importance and implications of the nutritional status for the prognosis and quality of life of patients with cancer. In the second chapter, the transcultural adaptation of the “Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) was performed and its reliability was estimated. In the third chapter, the estimated measures of weight and height (n=62) were calculated, the correlation and concordance with real measurements were assessed, and the risk of malnutrition of patients with cancer was identified by means of different methods of evaluation. In the fourth chapter, the clinical and demographic characteristics, and the nutritional status of 134 oncologic patients at Amaral Carvalho Hospital-Jaú, SP, are investigated between April and November 2008

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Pillay, Looventharee. "The development of a nutrition support protocol for children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) : twenty case studies from Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE." University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5636.

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Magister Scientiae (Nutrition Management) - MSc(NM)
Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) is the most common type of childhood cancer accounting for approximately 25% of cancers diagnosed in children less than 20 years of age. It originates in the bone marrow and prevents the normal manufacture of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. A poor nutritional status is frequently observed in children with ALL at the time of diagnosis and during treatment which may result in protein energy malnutrition if nutrition intervention is delayed. This retrospective study aims to assess the nutritional status of children newly diagnosed with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) using 20 case studies between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2014 from Sheikh Khalifa Medical City (Abu Dhabi, UAE), in order to develop an appropriate nutritional support protocol for pediatric ALL patients treated at this institution. Study Design: A retrospective descriptive case study design was used. The study population consisted of 20 electronic medical records of patients aged between 1-14 years who were newly diagnosed with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) and admitted to Sheikh Khalifa Medical City for treatment during the period 1 January 2012 and 31 Dec 2014. Data Collection: Identification of suitable participants began through a review of each potential study participant`s electronic medical record. Data was collected and recorded on a data collection form (Appendix III) from the electronic medical record for each suitable participant for the following at admission and during the full duration of all phases of cancer treatment namely induction, consolidation, interim maintenance, delayed intensification and maintenance. The data collected comprised of the following: age, gender, date of diagnosis, symptoms on diagnosis, the cancer diagnosis (type and subtype), anthropometric measurements (weight, length/ height, head circumference), biochemical values (visceral proteins, blood glucose levels, hemoglobin, hematocrit, lymphocyte count), clinical assessment (stomatitis, anemia, mucositis), diet history (home feeding regimes; consumption of daily requirements; food preferences – types, textures; food allergies, food intolerances; food aversions; use of oral nutritional supplements; treatment-related side-effects; systemic related side-effects (nausea; vomiting; diarrhea; anorexia; appetite changes; taste changes; physical activity level; depression), dietary requirements (age and gender related nutritional requirements for energy, protein, fat and fluids) and indications for nutritional support (oral feeding; enteral feeding; parenteral feeding). Analysis of Results: The weights and length/ heights of participants recorded in the electronic medical records were converted to z-scores on the World Health Organization growth charts. The diet prescription of nutritional intervention was interpreted in comparison to the biochemical indices, anthropometric status and dietary intake of each participant. All the data involving changes in anthropometrics, biochemistry, diet history and nutritional interventions from each case study (from diagnosis and through all stages of treatment) was screened and compared with reference values in the context of the age and sex of the child. Evidence based nutritional guidelines were used to document the outcomes of the medical nutrition treatment provided in order to develop a nutrition support protocol for children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia at Sheikh Khalifa Medical City. Results: The results showed that weight loss expressed as a percentage of body weight provided a more accurate estimate of the true significance of weight loss in subjects undergoing cancer treatment (chemotherapy) for ALL. A weight loss of greater than 5% of body weight over a period of one month is considered a sign of nutritional deprivation even if the subject is not classified as undernourished by anthropometric parameters. Subjects experienced the highest weight loss during the consolidation phase and interim maintenance phases of treatment. Conclusion: It can therefore be concluded that pediatric subjects on cancer treatment for ALL at SKMC and receiving nutritional support underwent changes in nutritional status as manifest by a reduction in more than 5% of their body weight during three phases of treatment namely induction, consolidation and interim maintenance. An appropriate nutrition support protocol was developed based on the results and experience obtained from this study for pediatric ALL patients treated at SKMC.

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Riegel, Patrícia Ramiro. "Estado nutricional de pacientes submetidos à ressecção pulmonar por carcinoma não de pequenas células-avaliação e correlação com desfechos pós-operatórios." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/149472.

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Introdução: O reconhecimento de problemas relacionados ao estado nutricional de pacientes com câncer de pulmão é escasso; estima-se, todavia, que em torno de 46,0% desses pacientes encontram-se desnutridos. Nos que são candidatos à cirurgia, é importante de se ter uma avaliação nutricional, pois além de definir o grau do problema, identifica potenciais riscos de complicações, possibilitando mais precocemente a instituição da terapia especializada. Objetivo: Avaliar o estado nutricional de pacientes submetidos à ressecção pulmonar por carcinoma não de pequenas células, relacionando-o com a ocorrência de complicações e/ou mortalidade pós-operatória, e verificar a concordância entre os métodos de avaliação utilizados. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo de 180 pacientes adultos (27-87 anos), de ambos os sexos, que foram submetidos à ressecção pulmonar por carcinoma não de pequenas células no período de 2006 a 2014. Resultados: Havia 122 casos (67,8%) de adenocarcinomas, 38 (21,1%) de carcinomas escamosos, e 20 (11,1%) de formas indiferenciadas ou outras – 85,5% em estádios IA-IIB, e IIIA nos restantes 14,5%. DPOC foi à comorbidade mais vezes associada (em 26,1% dos casos). Os pacientes apresentaram-se com peso de 71,0±13,9 Kg, peso habitual de 71,3±13,9 Kg e altura de 1,64±0,08 m. Em 166 pacientes, o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) encontrado foi de 26,3 ± 4,4 Kg/m2 – 79 (47,6%) deles classificados como eutróficos, 74 (44,6%) com excesso de peso, pré-obesidade ou obesidade, e13 (7,8%) com magreza. Em 157 pacientes, a Avaliação Subjetiva Global (ASG) classificou 153 (97,5%) como bem nutridos (ASG: A), 4 (2,5%) como moderadamente desnutridos ou com suspeita de serem desnutridos (ASG: B), e nenhum deles como gravemente desnutrido (ASG: C). Mostrou-se baixa a concordância entre os métodos de avaliação IMC e ASG. Ocorreram 64 casos (35,5%) de complicações no pós-operatório de 30 dias, especialmente infecção respiratória, pneumotórax e fibrilação atrial, e 4 pacientes (2,2%) foram ao óbito, 2 com obesidade. O tempo de internação foi de 7 (5,5-12,5) dias, e foi significativamente maior nos pacientes com história de perda de peso (p=0,042). O índice de Charlson foi de 5,0 ±1,5%, com a estimativa de óbito em 10 anos de 27,6% (1,2-56,4), maior para os obesos. Conclusões: Os pacientes apresentaram-se em adequado estado nutricional, tanto pelo IMC quanto pela ASG, mas a concordância entre os métodos IMC e ASG foi baixa. Não houve significância entre a associação do estado nutricional pelo IMC e ASG com complicações ou óbito após cirurgia. Os pacientes com história de perda de peso tiveram tempo de internação significativamente mais elevado, e os obesos uma maior estimativa de óbito em 10 anos.
Introduction: Recognition of problems related to nutritional status of patients with lung cancer is scarce, and it is estimated that 46.0% of these patients are malnourished. In the preoperative period, the nutritional assessment is important, as it defines the degree of malnutrition, may identify individuals able to develop risk of complications, and provides early the specialized nutritional therapy. Objective: To relate the nutritional status of patients undergoing pulmonary resection for non-small cell carcinoma with occurrence of complications and/or postoperative mortality, assess the nutritional status of patients undergoing pulmonary resection for non-small cell carcinoma and evaluate the concordance between nutritional assessment methods BMI and SGA. Methods: Retrospective study, by reviewing medical records of 180 adult patients of both sexes who underwent pulmonary resection for non-small cell lung carcinoma from 2006 to 2014. Results: 122 (67.8%) were cases of adenocarcinoma, 38 (21.1%) of squamous cell carcinoma, 20 (11.1%) of undifferentiated or other – 85.5% in IA-IIB staging, and 14.5% another. COPD was the morbidity more times registered (26.1%). The patients had weight 71.0±13.9 Kg, usual weight 71.3±13.9 Kg, and height 1.64±0.08 m. The BMI value of 166 patients was 26.3±4.4 Kg/m2, with a predominance of eutrophic individuals (79 – 47.6%), followed by either, preobesity, overweight or obesity (74 – 44.6%), and thinness (13 – 7.8%). By SGA of 157 patients, (97.5%) were classified as well-nourished (SGA: A), 4 (2.5%) moderately or suspected of being malnourished (SGA: B), and no patient was classified as severely malnourished (SGA: C). No significant association was observed between nutritional status evaluated by Mass Index (BMI) and Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) with clinical outcomes. Immediate postoperative complications occurred in 64 cases (35,5%), mainly respiratory infection, pneumothorax and atrial fibrillation, and 4 patients (2.2%) dead, two with obesity. The hospitalization time was 7 (5.5-12.5) days, longer for those with weight loss history (p=0.042). The Charlson Index was 5.0 ± 1.5%, with the estimation of death in 10 years of 27.6% (12-56.4), largest for obese ones. Conclusions: Patients undergoing pulmonary resection had adequate nutritional status, verified either by BMI or SGA. There was a poor correlation between anthropometric methods of evaluation, BMI and SGA. Patients with weight loss history had significantly higher hospitalization time, and the obese a greater estimate of death in 10 years.

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Gasperini, Débora Garcia. "Avaliação de estado nutricional, em crianças e adolescentes com câncer, em três estudos longitudinais ao diagnóstico, durante e após o tratamento /." Botucatu, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/183301.

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Orientador: Nilton Carlos Machado
Resumo: Introdução. O câncer pediátrico é a principal causa de morte por doença em crianças menores de 19 anos. Os tratamentos utilizados afetam negativamente o organismo e aumentam o risco de comprometimento do estado nutricional. Algum grau de desnutrição é observado em 8% a 50% das crianças com câncer ao diagnóstico e pode estar relacionada ao aumento da extensão da doença, atraso no diagnóstico e tratamento. Por outro lado, a obesidade infantil é hoje uma grande questão de saúde pública e um dos desfechos adversos mais comuns em sobreviventes de câncer infantil. Então, é essencial avaliar o estado nutricional destes pacientes, tanto ao diagnóstico, como durante e após a terapia. Objetivos. Avaliar o estado nutricional, de crianças e adolescentes com câncer, através de indicadores antropométricos, características clínicas e demográficas, em três estudos longitudinais: ao diagnóstico, durante e após o tratamento. Propor um manual para manejo do estado nutricional em crianças com câncer. Métodos. Estudo longitudinal e prospectivo em crianças e adolescentes com câncer, com idades entre 1 a 18 anos, atendidas em centro terciário de tratamento oncológico de agosto/2018 a março/2019. Realizado avaliação em três estudos de crianças com câncer: Estudos1, pacientes recém-diagnosticados, que iniciariam terapia; Estudo 2, pacientes sob terapia há pelo menos 3 meses; e Estudo 3, pacientes fora de terapia. Realizou-se, em 3 momentos: momento 0, 30 dias e 180 dias. Realizado: Revisão de prontuá... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Introduction. Pediatric cancer is the leading cause of death from disease in children under 19 years. The treatments used negatively affect the body and increase the risk of compromised nutritional status. Some degree of malnutrition is observed in 8% to 50% of children with cancer at diagnosis and may be related to increased extent of the disease, delayed diagnosis and treatment. On the other hand, childhood obesity is now a major public health issue and one of the most common adverse outcomes in child cancer survivors. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate the nutritional status of these patients, both at diagnosis, during and after therapy. Aims. To evaluate the nutritional status of children and adolescents with cancer through anthropometric indicators, clinical and demographic characteristics, in three longitudinal studies: at diagnosis, during and after treatment. Propose a manual for nutritional status management in children with cancer. Methods. Longitudinal and prospective study in children and adolescents with cancer, aged 1 to 18 years, attended at a tertiary cancer treatment center from August 2018 to March 2019. Evaluation was performed in three studies of children with cancer: Studies1, newly diagnosed patients, who would start therapy; Study 2, patients on therapy for at least 3 months; and Study 3, patients out of therapy. It took place in 3 moments: moment 0, 30 days and 180 days. Performed: Review of medical records; Application of a questionnaire to collec... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Facina, Vanessa Barbosa. "Evolução do estado nutricional de mulheres com cânceres de mama, ovário ou útero e associação com a ingestão alimentar e sintomas gastrintestinais /." Araraquara : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88674.

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Resumo: O câncer é um importante problema de saúde pública mundial e, também, em países em desenvolvimento, como o Brasil. Dentre os tipos mais frequentes entre as mulheres brasileiras, têm-se os cânceres de mama, de colo de útero e de ovário. Nesta pesquisa foram estudados aspectos relativos à alimentação e nutrição de mulheres acometidas por estes cânceres ginecológicos, com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da quimioterapia na evolução do estado nutricional destas mulheres considerando os sintomas gastrintestinais, o consumo alimentar e as alterações nos exames bioquímicos. Participaram do estudo 29 mulheres, sendo 22 acometidas pelo câncer de mama, 4 pelo câncer de ovário e 3 pelo o de colo de útero. Para tanto, no 1º, 3º e 5º ciclos de quimioterapia foram realizadas entrevistas nas quais as pacientes eram inquiridas sobre intolerâncias alimentares, sintomas gastrintestinais e aplicada a Avaliação Subjetiva Global Produzida Pelo Paciente (ASG-PPP).O consumo alimentar foi avaliado pelo recordatório do consumo de 24 horas, no dia que precedeu a quimioterapia e no dia do procedimento. No dia da quimioterapia foi realizada ainda a avaliação antropométrica. Os dados de exames bioquímicos e de protocolos de quimioterapia foram coletados dos prontuários. Como resultado se obteve que durante a quimioterapia, os sintomas mais frequentes foram: náusea, disgeusia, obstipação, anorexia, diarreia e mucosite. O consumo alimentar sofreu redução em relação à quantidade de energia e nutrientes ingeridos no período em que a paciente realizava a sessão quimioterápica em relação ao período que antecedia a esta. Houve pequena, mas significativa redução na média geral do peso corporal do primeiro para o terceiro ciclo de quimioterapia. No entanto, a maioria das mulheres com câncer de mama ganhou peso... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Cancer is an important public health problem worldwide, and also in developing countries like Brazil. Among the most frequent type affecting Brazilian women, there are cancers of breast, cervical and ovarian. This research studies the aspects related to feeding and nutrition of women affected by these gynecological cancers, with the goal to assess the effect of chemotherapy on the evolution of the nutritional status of these women considering gastrointestinal symptoms, food consumption and changes in biochemical tests. The study included 29 women, 22 affected by breast cancer, 4 by ovarian cancer, and 3 had cervical cancer. Interviews were conducted, on first, third and fifth chemotherapy protocols, in which patients were asked about food intolerance, gastrointestinal symptoms and applied Subjective Global Assessment Produced by the Patient. Dietary intake was assessed by recall of consumption of 24 hours on the day prior to chemotherapy and the day of the procedure. On the day of chemotherapy was also evaluation anthropometric. The data from biochemical and chemotherapy protocols were collected from medical records. As a result it was found that during chemotherapy, being the most common symptoms were: nausea, dysgeusia, constipation, anorexia, diarrhea and mucositis. Food consumption reduced in relation to the amount of energy and nutrients consumed in the period in which the patient was a chemotherapy session in relation to the period preceding this. There was a small but significant reduction in overall mean body weight from first to third cycle of chemotherapy. However, most women with breast cancer gained weight during the procedure. There was no association between frequency of symptoms with the anthropometric indicators, but rather with the consumption of macronutrients and erythrocytes. The ASG-PPP showed... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Orientador: Maria Rita Marques de Oliveira
Coorientador: Cláudia Rucco Penteado Detregiachi
Banca: Vânia Aparecida Leandro Merhi
Banca: Maria Jacira Silva Simões
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Borges, Lúcia Rota. "FATORES DETERMINANTES DA QUALIDADE DE VIDA EM UMA COORTE DE PACIENTES SUBMETIDOS À QUIMIOTERAPIA." Universidade Catolica de Pelotas, 2008. http://tede.ucpel.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/11.

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Purpose: The objective of this study is to evaluate of the influence of nutritional status on quality of life (QOL) in a cohort of cancer patients receiving chemotherapy (CT). Patients and Methods: Patients who began CT in an Universitary Hospital were evaluated prospectively. Nutritional status was assessed by Patientgenerated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) and QOL was assessed by World Health Organization Quality of Life-bref scale (WHOQOL-bref). PG-SGA and WHOQOL-bref scale were applied in the beginning and in the end of the study. Results: One hundred ninety one patients were evaluated and 64.4% (n=123) were females, aged 58.03 years. Most of them performed neoadjuvant or adjuvant CT (67%) and 38.9% were in stage II. The malnutrition prevalence in the first evaluation was 29.6%. Malnourished patients showed the worst QOL in the beginning and in the end of the treatment. Forty two percent of the patients had an increased nutritional risk in the final evaluation. There was a significant association between the presence of symptoms and increased nutritional risk (p<0.001). Moreover, it was found a significant negative correlation between the variations in physical domain and nutritional risk scores, showing that as nutritional risk decreases, there was an increase in QOL. Conclusion: We concluded that modifications in nutritional risk are associated to modifications in QOL in cancer patients. It was suggested that these patients should receive a multidisciplinary attendance in order to minimize the collateral 25 effects of CT and decreasing nutritional risk, with positive repercussions in QOL
Objetivo: Avaliar a influência do estado nutricional sobre a qualidade de vida (QV) em uma coorte de pacientes submetidos à quimioterapia (QT). Pacientes e Métodos: Avaliaram-se prospectivamente pacientes que iniciaram QT num hospital universitário. O estado nutricional foi avaliado através da Avaliação Subjetiva Global Produzida Pelo Paciente (ASG-PPP) e a QV através da versão abreviada do questionário de QV da Organização Mundial da Saúde (WHOQOL-bref). A ASG-PPP e o questionário de QV foram aplicados no início e no final do estudo. Resultados: Foram analisados 191 pacientes, 64,4% (n = 123) eram mulheres, com idade média de 58,03 anos. A maioria realizou QT neoadjuvante ou adjuvante (67%) e 38,9% apresentava-se no estadiamento II. A prevalência de desnutrição na avaliação inicial foi de 29,6%. Observou-se que, tanto no início quanto no final do estudo, os pacientes desnutridos apresentaram pior QV. Houve aumento do risco nutricional em 41,6% dos pacientes. Foi encontrada associação significativa entre a presença de sintomas e aumento do risco nutricional (p < 0,001). Além disso, houve correlação negativa estatisticamente significativa entre a variação dos escores do domínio físico e risco nutricional, evidenciando que conforme diminui o risco nutricional, melhora a QV. Conclusão: Conclui-se que as modificações no risco nutricional estão associadas a mudanças na QV em pacientes com câncer. Sugere-se que o acompanhamento multidisciplinar desses pacientes poderia minimizar os efeitos colaterais do tratamento, diminuindo o risco de desnutrição, com repercussões positivas na QV

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Prado, Corina Dias do. "Avaliação nutricional de pacientes com câncer /." Araraquara : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88679.

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Orientador: Juliana Alvares Duarte Bonini Campos
Banca: Juliana Alvares Duarte Bonini Campos
Banca: Ana Lúcia Coradazzi
Banca: Camila Pinelli
Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar vários métodos de avaliação nutricional aplicados a pacientes oncológicos. No primeiro capítulo, discutiu-se a literatura existente sobre o tema, a fim de servir de subsídio para alertar os profissionais de saúde sobre a importância e as implicações do estado nutricional do paciente para seu prognóstico e qualidade de vida. No segundo capítulo, realizou-se a adaptação cultural da Avaliação Subjetiva Global - Produzida pelo Paciente (ASG-PPP) e estimou-se sua reprodutibilidade. No terceiro capítulo, calculou-se as medidas estimadas de peso e altura de 62 pacientes, avaliou-se sua correlação e concordância com as medidas reais e identificou-se o risco de desnutrição de pacientes oncológicos, o qual foi aferido a partir de diferentes métodos. No quarto capítulo, investigou-se as características clínicas, sócio-demográficas e o estado nutricional de 134 pacientes oncológicos atendidos no Hospital Amaral Carvalho- Jaú, SP, no período de abril a novembro de 2008
Abstract: The aim of this study was to describe the several methods of nutritional assessment applied in patients with cancer. In the first chapter, the current literature on this topic is described in order to make health professionals aware of the importance and implications of the nutritional status for the prognosis and quality of life of patients with cancer. In the second chapter, the transcultural adaptation of the "Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) was performed and its reliability was estimated. In the third chapter, the estimated measures of weight and height (n=62) were calculated, the correlation and concordance with real measurements were assessed, and the risk of malnutrition of patients with cancer was identified by means of different methods of evaluation. In the fourth chapter, the clinical and demographic characteristics, and the nutritional status of 134 oncologic patients at Amaral Carvalho Hospital-Jaú, SP, are investigated between April and November 2008
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Mota, Elenise da Silva. "Estado nutricional de pacientes com neoplasia do trato digestivo no estágio pré-cirúrgico." Universidade Federal do Amazonas - Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/4530.

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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Cancer is currently a public health problem worldwide, with a view to increasing its incidence according to a recent epidemiological transition, characterized by the change in mortality profile with the decrease of the infectious disease rate and concomitant increase of the chronic-degenerative disease rate. Cancer is a genetic disease, characterized by the local uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal cells, with the invasion of adjacent normal structures and distant dissemination. The impairment of the nutritional status is an important problem associated with cancer, particularly in those located in the digestive tract. In general, individuals with these neoplasias present reduction of the dietary intake and consequent malnutrition. This work aims to know the nutritional status of patients with digestive tract cancer in pre-surgical stage through the use of different methods of nutritional evaluation. It was performed a transversal descriptive study, from January to June in 2012, with patients hospitalized in João de Barros Barreto University Hospital and Ophir Loyola Hospital in Belém-Pa, that included individuals of both gender and age equal or superior to 19 years old. To determine the nutritional status, it was utilized anthropometric parameters (BMI, TST, %WLP, AC, AMC, CAMA), biochemical indicators (serum albumin, hemoglobin, hematocrit and TLC) and clinical indicators (alterations in skin, nail, mouth and hair, loss of subcutaneous fat and muscle tissue), besides the patient-generated subjective global assessment and the nutritional risk index. It was also applied the food frequency questionnaire to verify the eating habits of these patients. It was evaluated 70 patients with average age of 58 ±12 years old, in which 62.9% were man, 60% had stomach neoplasia, 31.4% had intestine neoplasia and 8.6% had esophageal cancer (p-value < 0.005). According to the results, 40% e 41.4% were eutrophic when evaluated by the BMI and AMC, respectively. According to %WLP and TST, 57.1% and 60% had severe malnutrition, respectively, while based in AC, there was a trend to a mild malnutrition (40%). The PG-SGA showed that 73.1% of these patients presented some malnutrition degree, while by the NRI, 71.4% were malnourished predominantly with the severe form (64.3%). The most frequent clinical signs were loss of subcutaneous fat (64.3%) and muscle depletion (52.8%). In the biochemical evaluation, it was found that 47.1% of patients prevalently presented appropriate values of serum albumin, and for the hematocrit and hemoglobin results, it was observed that the values tended to be below the reference (61.4% and 70%, respectively), revealing the presence of anemia in most of the individuals. Based on the TLC analysis, values were within the normal range in 37.1% and depletion in approximately 63% of the sample. It stood out among the studied population`s eating pattern high consumption of food group of cereals, tubers and roots, and low consumption of fruits and vegetables. It was found that cancer patients presented relevant impairment of its nutritional status in the anthropometric, biochemical and clicnical aspects, according to several parameters utilized, and they had inappropriate eating habits, which yields to a relevant reduction of food with nutrient sources that may protect against carcinogenesis.
O câncer é, atualmente, um problema de saúde pública mundial, tendo em vista o aumento de sua incidência de acordo com a recente transição epidemiológica, caracterizada pela mudança no perfil de mortalidade com diminuição da taxa de doenças infecciosas e aumento concomitante da taxa de doenças crônico-degenerativas. O câncer é uma doença genética, caracterizada pela proliferação local descontrolada de células anormais, com invasão de estruturas normais adjacentes e disseminação à distância. O comprometimento do estado nutricional é um importante problema associado ao câncer, particularmente naqueles localizados no trato digestivo. Indivíduos com estas neoplasias apresentam, em geral redução da ingestão alimentar e consequente desnutrição. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo conhecer o estado nutricional de pacientes com câncer do trato digestivo em estágios pré-cirúrgico, através da utilização de diferentes métodos de avaliação nutricional. Realizou-se um estudo transversal descritivo, no período de janeiro a junho de 2012 com pacientes internados no Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto e Hospital Ophir Loyola em Belém- Pa, que incluiu indivíduos de ambos os gêneros e idade igual ou superior a 19 anos. Para determinação do estado nutricional utilizou-se parâmetros antropométricos (IMC, DCT, %PP, CB, CMB, AMBC), indicadores bioquímicos (albumina sérica, hemoglobina, hematócrito e CTL) e clínicos ( alterações na pele, unha, boca e cabelos, perda de gordura subcutânea e tecido muscular), além da Avaliação Subjetiva Global produzida pelo paciente e Índice de Risco Nutricional. Foi aplicado também o Questionário de Frequência Alimentar para verificar os hábitos alimentares destes pacientes. Foram avaliados 70 pacientes, com idade média de 58 ± 12 anos, destes 62,9% foram do sexo masculino, 60% apresentaram neoplasia de estômago, 31,4% de intestino e 8,6% com localização esofágica (p-valor < 0,005). De acordo com os resultados, estavam eutróficos 40% e 41,4% quando avaliados pelo IMC e pela CMB respectivamente. Apresentaram desnutrição grave 57,1% através do % PP e 60% pela avaliação da DCT, enquanto que pela CB houve tendência para desnutrição leve (40%). A ASG-PPP mostrou 73,1% destes pacientes com algum grau de desnutrição, enquanto que pelo IRN 71,4% estavam desnutridos com predomínio da forma grave (64,3%). Os sinais clínicos mais frequentes foram perda de gordura subcutânea (64,3%) e depleção muscular (52,8%). Na avaliação bioquímica, encontrou-se uma prevalência de 47,1% dos pacientes com valores adequados de albumina sérica, para os resultados de hematócrito e hemoglobina, a tendência foi para valores abaixo da referência (61,4% e 70%, respectivamente), revelando presença de anemia na maioria dos indivíduos. Através da análise de CTL os valores mostraram-se dentro da normalidade em 37,1% e depleção em aproximadamente 63% da amostra. Destacou-se entre o padrão alimentar da população estudada, o alto consumo de alimentos do grupo de cereais, tubérculos e raízes e baixo consumo de frutas e hortaliças. Constatou-se que os pacientes oncológicos apresentaram comprometimento importante do seu estado nutricional, nos aspectos antropométricos, bioquímicos e clínicos, de acordo com os diversos parâmetros utlizados e, possuíam hábitos alimentares inadequados, com redução importante de alimentos fontes de nutrientes que podem ter ação protetora contra a carcinogênese.

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Mitchell, Scott, John P. Williams, Harsimrandeep Bhatti, Toufic Kachaamy, Jeffrey Weber, and Glen J. Weiss. "A retrospective matched cohort study evaluating the effects of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy feeding tubes on nutritional status and survival in patients with advanced gastroesophageal malignancies undergoing systemic anti-cancer therapy." PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626471.

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Background Many patients with cancer or other systemic illnesses can experience malnutrition. One way to mitigate malnutrition is by insertion of a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy feeding tube (PEG tube). The goal of this retrospective matched cohort study is to evaluate if PEG tube placement improved nutritional status and overall survival (OS) in advanced gastro-esophageal (GE) cancer patients who are undergoing anti-neoplastic therapy. Methods GE cancer patients who were treated and evaluated by a nutritionist and had at least 2 nutritionist follow-up visits were identified. Patients with PEG tube were matched to patients that did not undergo PEG placement (non-PEG). Clinical characteristics, GE symptoms reported at nutrition follow-up visits, and OS were recorded. Results 20 PEG and 18 non-PEG cases met criteria for further analyses. After correction for multiple testing, there were no OS differences between PEG and non-PEG, treatment naive and previously treated. However, PEG esophageal carcinoma has statistically significant inferior OS compared with non-PEG esophageal carcinoma. PEG placement did not significantly reduce the proportion of patients with weight loss between the initial nutrition assessment and 12-week follow-up. Conclusions In this small study, PEG placement had inferior OS outcome for GE esophageal carcinoma, no improvement in OS for other evaluated groups, and did not reduce weight loss between baseline and 12-week follow-up. Unless there is prospective randomized trial that can show superiority of PEG placement in this population, PEG placement in this group cannot be endorsed.

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Damiani, Bruna Bronhara. "Estimativa da composição corporal por impedância elétrica vetorial através de modelos fuzzy." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6132/tde-17072014-104356/.

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A análise vetorial da impedância elétrica humana (Biva) sugere sete padrões de composição corporal em um espaço bidimensional composto pela resistência e reactância. Contudo, os limites que definem cada padrão são imprecisos e a Teoria de Conjuntos \\textit mostra-se adequada para modelar a incerteza inerente ao fenômeno. O objetivo desta tese foi construir modelos fuzzy que estimem padrões de composição corporal Biva e aplicá-los em diferentes populações. Uma base de dados italiana foi utilizada para refinamento e teste (n=20) e avaliação de desempenho (n=99) dos modelos. A avaliação de coerência de resultados foi realizado em uma população hospitalizada (194 pacientes com câncer) e não hospitalizada (1.716 indivíduos norte-americanos). Construíram-se sete modelos baseados em regras segundo o conhecimento de especialista e artigos científicos. As variáveis de entrada dos modelos foram Z-scores de resistência/altura e reactância/altura. A variável de saída de cada modelo foi uma das sete categorias de composição corporal: caquexia, obesidade, desidratação, edema, atlético, magreza ou eutrofia. Cada modelo teve como saída um número no intervalo de 0 a 1 que representou o grau de pertinência do indivíduo a um dado padrão de composição corporal. A avaliação de desempenho dos modelos foi feita com o teste de concordância Kappa. Na base de dados de pacientes hospitalizados e não-hospitalizados, observou-se a coerência do modelo em identificar uma composição corporal compatível aos grupos. Realizou-se a analise descritiva dos dados e associações com variáveis de interesse. Os resultados mostraram bom ajuste dos modelos e concordância excelente do mesmo com a condição clínica dos indivíduos (Kappa = 0,85, p< 0,001). Os modelos foram coerentes com as posições dos vetores impedância padronizados no gráfico Biva nas duas populações investigadas. Na base de pacientes com câncer, os modelos foram sugestivos de elevada possibilidade de caquexia. Na base de pacientes norte-americanos, contudo, a elevada possibilidade para edema sugeriu que na análise Biva condições como área transversal do corpo devem ser consideradas. Os modelos fuzzy mostraram-se promissores na análise da composição corporal Biva. A incerteza foi incorporada com uso de termos linguísticos e base de regras segundo especialistas. Ao incorporar a incerteza, os modelos proporcionaram resultados mais refinados que uma abordagem clássica.
Bioimpedance Vectorial Analysis (Biva) suggests seven patterns of body composition in a two-dimensional space composed by resistance and reactance. However, the boundaries defining those patterns are imprecise and Fuzzy Sets Theory has proved to be adequate to model the uncertainty inherent to the phenomenon. The aim was to build fuzzy models to estimate body composition according to Biva and apply them in differente populations. And italian database was used for refinement and testing (n = 20) and performance evaluation (n = 99) of the models. The consistency assessment was carried out in a hospitalized population (194 cancer patients) and non-hospitalized ( 1,716 U.S. individuals). Seven fuzzy models were build based on rules according to expert knowledge and scientific articles. The input variables were Z-score values of resistance/height and reactance/height. The output variable of each model was one of the seven categories of body composition: cachexia, obesity, dehydration, edema, athletic, thin or normal. Each model had as output a number ranged from 0 to 1 representing the degree of possibility to a given Biva pattern. The evaluation of performance was made using Kappa test. In the database of hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients the consistency of the models in identifying an given expected body composition was observed. An descriptive ans association analysis was held. The results showed good fit of the models and excellent agreement with the clinical condition of individuals (Kappa = 0.85, \\ textit $ <$ 0.001). The models were consistent with the positions of the impedance vector in the Biva graphy standardized in the two populations. The models were highly suggestive of possibility of cachexia in cancer patients. In North American patients, however, the higher possibility for edema suggested that in conditions such as cross-sectional area of the body should be considered in Biva approach. The fuzzy models proved to me promising in body composition according to Biva approach. Uncertainty was incorporated by using linguistic terms and a base-rule according to experts knowledge. By incorporating the uncertainty, the models provided more refined results than a classical approach.

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Carvalho, Mariana Inri de. "Deglutição, estado nutricional e fluxo salivar em indivíduos após tratamento do câncer de cabeça e pescoço." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25143/tde-13072018-143237/.

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O tratamento do câncer de cabeça e pescoço acarreta consequências ao sistema estomatognático, à alimentação e à condição nutricional, porém pouco se sabe sobre a evolução dos pacientes em relação a tais aspectos após o término do tratamento antineoplásico. O presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar a relação entre a função de deglutição, o estado nutricional e o fluxo salivar em indivíduos após o tratamento do câncer de cabeça e pescoço. Foram incluídos no estudo 17 pacientes (14 homens e 03 mulheres) com média de 53 anos. A deglutição foi avaliada por meio dos exames de videofluoroscopia e eletromiografia de superfície (EMGs) dos músculos masseteres, orbicular da boca e supra-hioideos, o estado nutricional através da antropometria (IMC, CMB e %GC), a avaliação dietética com o recordatório alimentar de 24 horas e o fluxo salivar foi avaliado com estímulo mecânico. A análise dos exames demonstrou que 66,7% dos pacientes apresentaram deglutição com limitações funcionais, na escala de resíduos 58,3%, 66,7% e 58,3% com média de uma linha bário na estrutura para as consistências pudim, mel e liquida, respectivamente, enquanto a penetração laríngea esteve presente para 8,3% durante a deglutição de líquido. Na EMGs o tempo de atividade muscular durante a deglutição de pudim foi acima dos valores de normalidade, os valores da amplitude da atividade elétrica foram muito semelhantes para os músculos estudados, o que não é esperado em indivíduos sem alterações funcionais na deglutição. A avaliação antropométrica indicou que 41,2% estavam em eutrofia, segundo o IMC. As avaliações do tecido muscular e adiposo indicaram eutrofia em 52,9% e 41,2%, respectivamente. Na avaliação dietética foi verificado que 64,7% tinham seu consumo de energia acima do ideal, mas com ingestão de carboidratos, proteínas e lipídeos dentro da normalidade, sendo que 53,4% dos pacientes consumiam micronutrientes abaixo de suas necessidades. O exame de Fluxo Salivar com estímulo mecânico mostrou que 82,3% estavam com produção de saliva muito abaixo do adequado. Houve correlação significante entre a reserva de tecido muscular e o tempo da atividade muscular durante a deglutição, bem como entre o consumo de Sódio e Cálcio com a amplitude da atividade elétrica muscular para os músculos masseteres e orbicular da boca, nas consistências líquida e mel, respectivamente. Não foi encontrada correlação entre os dados das avaliações de deglutição e do fluxo salivar. Portanto, para os participantes da presente pesquisa foi verificada relação entre a deglutição e o estado nutricional, mostrando que a ingestão adequada de proteínas e dos micronutrientes sódio e cálcio influencia a atividade muscular durante a deglutição nos sobreviventes do câncer de cabeça e pescoço.
The treatment of head and neck cancer leads to consequences in the stomatognatic system, nourishment and nutritional condition. However, little is known concerning these factors in relation to the evolution of patients after the antineoplastic treatment is finished. The current study aimed to verify the connection among deglutition function, nutritional status and salivary flow in patients after treatment for head and neck cancer. The study has included 17 patients (14 men and 03 women), 53 years old average. The deglutition was evaluated through videofluoroscopy tests and surface electromyography on masseter muscles, orbicularis of the mouth and supra hyoids. The nutritional status was assessed through anthropometry (ICM, CMB and %GC) and diet evaluation by using a 24-hour food inventory, and the salivary flow was evaluated through mechanical stimuli. The analyses indicated that 66.7% of patients presented deglutition with functional limitations, with a waste scale of 58.3%, 66.7% and 58.3% with average of barium line in the structure to pudding, honey and liquid consistency, respectively, while laryngeal penetration reached 8.3% during liquid deglutition. For the surface electromyography, during flan deglutition, the time of muscle activity was above normal values. The values obtained from the electrical activity ampleness were similar to the studied muscles, which is not prospective in patients who do not have functional changes in deglutition. The anthropometric evaluation showed 41.2% of patients had eutrophy, according to ICM. The evaluation of muscle and adipose tissue showed eutrophy in 52.9% and 41.2%, respectively. The diet evaluation indicated that 64.7% had their energy consumption above the levels considered ideal, however, carbohydrates, proteins and lipids ingestion were normal, considering that 53.4% of patients ingested fewer micronutrients than necessary. The salivary flow test using mechanical stimulus showed that 82.3% had saliva production far below adequate. There was a significant correlation between muscle tissue reserve and time of muscle activity during deglutition, as well as Sodium and Calcium consumption with amplitude of muscular electrical activity for masseter muscles and orbicularis of the mouth, for liquid and honey consistency, respectively. No correlation between data of deglutition evaluations and salivary flow was found. Therefore, the relation between deglutition and nutritional status was established in the study, pointing that the adequate ingestion of proteins, sodium and calcium micronutrients affects muscle activities during deglutition in patients who survived head and neck cancer.

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Knack, Roberta Aliprandini. "Efeitos do tratamento oncológico no estado nutricional, nos marcadores de estresse oxidativo e na qualidade de vida de pacientes com câncer de estômago e de esôfago." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17138/tde-06012016-154601/.

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Objetivo: Avaliar as vitaminas e as enzimas envolvidas na defesa antioxidante e os marcadores de peroxidação lipídica durante o tratamento oncológico de pacientes com neoplasia de estômago ou de esôfago Casuística: O estudo prospectivo longitudinal foi conduzido com 14 pacientes com neoplasia de estômago ou de esôfago [62,1 anos (IC95% 55,6-68,6)], sob tratamento oncológico em unidade especializada. O estudo incluiu também 15 voluntários saudáveis [61,3 anos (IC95% 57,3-65,3)]. Métodos: Foram aplicados os questionários de ingestão alimentar (Recordatórios de 24h), de qualidade de vida (FACT G), de fadiga (FACIT Fatigue) e inquéritos relacionados com efeitos adversos e de toxicidade (CTCAE) que potencialmente interferem na ingestão alimentar e no estado nutricional. Foram feitas as medidas antropométricas, a impedância bioelétrica e coleta de sangue para os exames laboratoriais. Foram dosadas as vitaminas antioxidantes C e E, as enzimas superóxido dismutase (SOD) e glutationa peroxidase (GPx), além dos marcadores de peroxidação lipídica, malondialdeído (MDA) e 8-isoprostano. No Grupo Câncer, os procedimentos foram feitos antes do início, na metade e ao término do tratamento oncológico; o Grupo Controle foi submetido às mesmas avaliações em apenas uma ocasião. A análise estatística foi feita por meio do software Statistica 8.0, usando testes estatísticos não paramétricos. Resultados: Não foram observadas diferenças nos escores de qualidade e de fadiga. As reações adversas relacionadas ao tratamento oncológico foram redução da ingestão de alimentos, saliva espessa com alteração no paladar e náuseas. Antes do início do tratamento, os pacientes com câncer já haviam perdido 17% do peso em relação ao usual; o peso corporal e o IMC reduziram entre a primeira e a terceira avaliação, mas não houve alteração na composição de massa corporal magra e gorda, na ingestão energética e da maioria dos macronutrientes no decorrer do estudo. Quando comparados ao Grupo Controle, o Grupo Câncer apresentou menores valores de vitamina C [10,8 (IC95%4,5-17,0) vs. 25,5 (IC95%19,9-30,7) mol/L], maiores valores da SOD [2056 (IC95%1933-2178) vs. 1595 (IC95%1430-1761) USOD/gHb] e MDA [0,73 (IC95%0,50-0,88) vs. 0,29 (IC95%0,25-0,33) mol/]. No decorrer do estudo, houve diminuição nos níveis de SOD entre a primeira e a segunda [2056 (IC95%1933-2178) vs. 1973 (IC95%1826-2120) USOD/gHb] e entre a primeira e a terceira avaliação [2056 (IC95%1933-2178) vs. 1827 (IC95%1687-1967) USOD/gHb]. A concentração da vitamina C permaneceu baixa e os valores da GPx, vitamina E, MDA e 8-isoprostano permaneceram inalterados durante o estudo. Conclusões: O tratamento oncológico reduziu o peso, mas não alterou os escores de qualidade de vida e de fadiga. No início do estudo, a baixa concentração da vitamina C e os valores aumentados da SOD e do MDA sugerem que o processo tumoral induz o estresse oxidativo e a peroxidação lipídica. A redução da atividade da SOD e os valores inalterados da GPx, vitamina C, vitamina E, MDA e isoprostano ao longo do estudo, sugerem que o tratamento oncológico não intensifica o estresse oxidativo.
Objective: To evaluate the vitamins and the enzymes involved in antioxidant defense and lipid peroxidation markers for cancer treatment of patients with gastric or esophageal cancer. Subjects: The prospective longitudinal study was conducted with 14 patients with gastric or esophageal cancer [62,1 years (IC95% 55,6-68,6)], under cancer treatment in a specialized unit. The study also included 15 healthy volunteers [61,3 years (IC95% 57,3-65,3)]. Methods: The questionnaires about dietary intake (24-hour Dietary Recall), quality of life (FACT-G), fatigue (FACIT-Fatigue) and inquiries related adverse effects and toxicity (CTCAE) that potentially interfere with food intake and nutritional status were applied. The anthropometric measurements, the bioelectrical impedance and blood collection for laboratory tests were made. The antioxidant vitamins C and E, the enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were dosed, beyond the markers of lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-isoprostane. In the Cancer Group, the procedures were done before the start, in the middle and at the end of cancer treatment; the Control Group underwent the same evaluations on only one occasion. The statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 8.0 software, using non-parametric statistical tests. Results: There were no differences in the quality and fatigue scores. The adverse reactions related to cancer treatment were the reduction of dietary intake, thick saliva with altered taste and nausea. Before the treatment, the patients with cancer had already lost 17% of weight with respect to the usual; the body weight and IMC reduced between the first and the third evaluation, but there was no change in the composition of lean and fat mass, energy intake and most micronutrient during the study. When compared to the Control Group, the Cancer Group had lower vitamin C [10,8 (IC95% 4,5-17,0) vs. 25.5 (IC95% 19,9-30,7) mol/L], higher values of SOD [2056 (IC95% 1933-2178) vs. 1595 (IC95% 1430-1761) USOD/gHb] and MDA [0,73 (IC95% 0,50-0,88) vs. 0,29 (IC95% 0,25-0,33) mol/L]. During the study, there was a decrease in the levels of SOD between the first and the second [2056 (IC95% 1933-2178) vs. 1973 (IC95% 1826-2120) USOD/gHb] and between the first and the third evaluation [2056 (IC95% 1933-2178) vs. 1827 (IC95% 1687-1967) USOD/gHb]. The concentration of vitamin C remained low and values of GPx, vitamin E, MDA and 8-isoprostane were unchanged during the study. Conclusions: The cancer treatment reduced the weight but did not change the quality of life scores and fatigue. At the beginning of the study, the low concentration of vitamin C and increased levels of SOD and MDA suggest that the tumor process induced oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. The reduction of the SOD activity and the unchanged values GPx, vitamin C, vitamin E, MDA and isoprostane throughout the study suggest that the cancer treatment does not enhance oxidative stress.

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Zortéa, Juliana. "Perfil nutricional e qualidade de vida de cuidadores de crianças com câncer." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/164734.

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Introdução: O câncer infantil é considerado uma gama de diferentes malignidades. O diagnóstico de câncer acarreta interferências na vida da criança doente, mas também de sua família. A integridade física e uma adequada qualidade de vida do cuidador são fundamentais para o sucesso no tratamento. Objetivo: Verificar o estado nutricional, a ingestão alimentar e a qualidade de vida de cuidadores de crianças e adolescentes portadores de câncer nos seis primeiros meses de tratamento. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo de coorte, incluído 42 cuidadores de crianças/adolescentes com câncer atendidos no Serviço de Oncologia Pediátrica do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, entre julho de 2015 e novembro de 2016. Foi aplicado o questionário demográfico, recordátório alimentar de 24 horas, questionário Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36), e realizada avaliação antropométrica no momento do diagnóstico, e após 3 e 6 meses. Foram excluídos do estudo cuidadores gestantes, menores de 19 anos, cuidadores de pacientes em tratamento paliativo ou recidivados. A análise estatística para variáveis não paramétricas utilizou o teste dupla análise de variância de Friedman de amostras relacionadas por postos. Enquanto que as variáveis paramétricas foram testadas por equações de estimativas generalizadas (GEE). Os resultados foram considerados significativos a um nível de significância máximo de 5% (p<0,05). O presente estudo obteve aprovação prévia do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa e todos participantes assinaram o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. Resultados: Os cuidadores foram as mães em 81% dos casos, com média de idade de 34,17 anos (DP 8,94). A antropometria mostrou valores significativamente aumentados no peso, índice de massa corporal, circunferência abdominal e dobra cutânea tricipital dos cuidadores ao longo do período de 6 meses de observação. Foi observado uma alteração no consumo alimentar, sendo constatado uma redução significativa na ingestão de calorias totais e macronutrientes (P<0,05) e o consumo de fibras ficou abaixo das recomendações. Em relação a qualidade de vida, o 8 domínio vitalidade foi o único com redução significativa ao longo do tempo (p=0,042). Conclusão: os cuidadores de crianças e/ou adolescentes com câncer apresentam uma tendência a um consumo inadequado de alimentos em relação à qualidade e quantidade de nutrientes, principalmente em relação aos carboidratos e fibras. As anormalidades do estado nutricional predominantes foram o sobrepeso e a obesidade com depósito de gordura visceral. O impacto do diagnóstico de câncer infantil também interfere na qualidade de vida do cuidador e tende a permanecer comprometida durante os primeiros 6 meses do tratamento oncológico.
Introduction: The child cancer is considered a range of different malignancies. The diagnosis of cancer causes interference in the sick child´s life, but also to their family. The physical integrity and proper caregiver's quality of life are keys to success in treatment. Objective: To verify the nutritional status, food intake and quality of life of caregivers of children and adolescents with cancer in the first six months of cancer treatment. Methodology: This is a cohort study, including 42 caregivers of children/adolescents with cancer seen in Pediatric Oncology Service of the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, between July 2015 and November 2016. One demographic questionnaire, one 24-hour food reminder and one Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36) were applied and an anthropometric assessment was conducted at the time of diagnosis and after 3 and 6 months. Pregnant women, below 19 age patients and palliative or recurring treatment patients´ caregivers were excluded of the study. Child/adolescent clinical data were obtained through consultation with the medical record. Statistical analysis for non-parametric variables used Friedman´s variance double analysis test from samples by posts. While parametric variables were tested by generalized estimating equations (GEE). The results were considered significant at a level of significance of maximum 5% (p < 0.05). The present study has obtained prior approval of the Research Ethics Committee and all participants signed the Informed Consent Form. Results: Caregivers were mothers in 81% of the cases, mean age of 34.17 years (SD 8.94). The anthropometry showed values significantly increased in weight, body mass index, abdominal circle and triceps skin fold of caregivers over the period of 6 months of observation. It was observed a change in food consumption, and noted a significant reduction in the intake of total calories and macronutrients (P < 0.05) and fiber consumption was below the recommendations. In relation to quality of life, the vitality domain was the 10 only one with significant reduction over time (p = 0.042). Conclusion: Caregivers of children/adolescents with cancer have a tendency to inadequate food consumption in relation to the quality and quantity of nutrients, especially in relation to carbohydrates and fibers. The predominant nutritional status abnormalities were overweight and obesity with visceral fat deposition. The impact of the diagnosis of childhood cancer also interferes with the quality of life of the caregiver and tends to remain compromised during the first 6 months of cancer treatment.

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Gonçalves, Jeanne Kelly. "Saúde oral, capacidade mastigatória e estado nutricional de indivíduos pós-tratamento de câncer de cabeça e pescoço." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25143/tde-19062015-161901/.

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Câncer de cabeça e pescoço é um termo amplo comumente utilizado para definir neoplasias da cavidade oral, faringe e laringe. O tratamento com cirurgia, quimioterapia e radioterapia está associado a vários efeitos colaterais, dentre eles prejuízos na condição oral, capacidade mastigatória e quadros de desnutrição. O presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar a influência da condição de saúde oral sobre a capacidade mastigatória e o estado nutricional em indivíduos que realizaram tratamento para câncer de cabeça e pescoço. A condição oral foi avaliada de acordo com a classificação do índice CPOD, CPI e avaliação de uso e necessidade de prótese; a capacidade mastigatória com o uso da Escala Funcional Intraoral de Glasgow; e o estado nutricional por meio do R24h e antropometria (ASG-PPP, IMC, CB, PCT e CMB). Foram incluídos no estudo dados de 23 indivíduos (18 homens e 5 mulheres) após tratamento do câncer de cabeça e pescoço com idade média de 57 anos. De acordo com a avaliação da condição oral, o CPOD médio foi 24,3, 43,4% da amostra era edêntulo, 91,3% necessitavam de prótese e apenas 56,5% utilizavam prótese. Indivíduos idosos apresentaram maior índice de utilização de prótese. O estado de saúde oral foi correlacionado com a capacidade mastigatória, onde 78,2% da amostra relataram dificuldade de mastigação. Além disso, a maior necessidade de prótese e pior capacidade mastigatória correlacionaram-se com maior pontuação da ASG-PPP, e o maior CPOD com menor PCT. A ASG-PPP indicou que 86,9% da amostra apresentava risco ou algum grau de desnutrição, 73,9% disfagia, 65,2% xerostomia, 60,8% disgeusia e 60,8% problemas dentários. O IMC e a CB indicaram eutrofia em 69,5% e 47,8% da amostra respectivamente, e nesta pesquisa ambos não foram bons indicativos de estado nutricional. A avaliação de tecido muscular (CMB) e adiposo (PCT) indicaram desnutrição em 69,5% e 34,7% da amostra, respectivamente. Já a avaliação dietética mostrou que 52,1%, 34,7% e 65,2% dos participantes da pesquisa apresentavam ingestão de energia, proteína e lipídeo maior que a sua necessidade, e 65,2%, 86,9%, 91,3%, 82,6%, 60,8%, 60,8%, consumo de carboidrato, fibra, ácido fólico, cálcio, ferro e riboflavina abaixo da sua necessidade, respectivamente. A maior escolaridade correlacionou-se com menor consumo de alimentos fonte de selênio e zinco, e maior consumo de B12, assim como a pior saúde oral e capacidade mastigatória correlacionaram-se com maior quantidade de vitamina A, cálcio, vitamina D, riboflavina, B12, ácido fólico e zinco, e menor quantidade de carboidrato, ferro e niacina da dieta. Desta maneira, podemos concluir que a condição oral influenciou a capacidade mastigatória de indivíduos após tratamento de câncer de cabeça e pescoço, e esta, quando prejudicada, correlacionou-se com o maior risco nutricional e perda de tecido adiposo. Além disso, a condição oral prejudicada contribuiu para a inadequação na ingestão de macro e micronutrientes.
Head and neck cancer is a broad term commonly used to define tumors of the oral cavity, pharynx and larynx. Treatment with surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy is associated with several side effects, including damage to the oral condition, chewing ability and malnutrition frames. This study aimed to assess the effect of oral health condition of the masticatory capacity and nutritional status in patients who underwent treatment for head and neck cancer. The oral condition was evaluated according to the classification of the DMFT index, CPI and assessment of use and need for prostheses; chewing ability with the use of Functional Scale Intraoral of Glasgow; and nutritional status through R24h and anthropometry (PG-SGA, BMI, MC, TSF and MMC). The study included data from 23 subjects (18 men and 5 women) after treatment of head and neck cancer with an average age of 57 years. According to the assessment of oral conditions, the average was 24.3 DMFT, 43.4% of the sample was edentulous, 91.3% prosthesis needed and only 56.5% used prosthesis. Elderly individuals showed the highest rate of use of the prosthesis, the state of oral health was correlated with chewing ability, where 78.2% of the sample reported difficulty chewing. Moreover, the greatest need of prosthesis and worse chewing ability correlated with higher scores of PG-SGA, and the largest DMFT with lower TSF. The PG-SGA indicated that 86.9% of the sample had some degree of risk or malnutrition, dysphagia 73.9%, 65.2% xerostomia, dysgeusia 60.8% and 60.8% dental problems. The IMC and the CB indicated eutrophic in 69.5% and 47.8% of the sample respectively, and this research both were not good indicators of nutritional status. The evaluation of muscle tissue (MMC) and fat (TSF) indicated malnutrition in 69.5% and 34.7% of the sample, respectively. Since dietary evaluation showed that 52.1%, 34.7% and 65.2% of survey participants had intakes of energy, protein and lipid greater than their need, and 65.2%, 86.9%, 91 3%, 82.6%, 60.8%, 60.8%, carbohydrate consumption, fiber, folic acid, calcium, iron and riboflavin below its necessity, respectively. The higher education correlated with reduced consumption of selenium and zinc-rich foods, and greater consumer B12, as well as the worst oral health and masticatory ability correlated with higher vitamin A, calcium, vitamin D, riboflavin, B12 , folic acid and zinc and low-carbohydrate, dietary iron and niacin. Thus, we can conclude that the oral condition influenced the chewing ability of individuals following treatment of head and neck cancer, and that, when impaired, correlated with higher nutritional risk and loss of adipose tissue. Furthermore, impaired oral condition contributed to inadequate intake of macro and micronutrients.

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Froes, Renata Camilla Favarin. "Função mastigatória, estado nutricional e saúde oral em indivíduos após tratamento do câncer de cabeça e pescoço." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25143/tde-12062018-173425/.

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O câncer de cabeça e pescoço pode acarretar consequências aos indivíduos, como prejuízos na saúde oral e na performance mastigatória devido à localização do tumor ou pelo próprio tratamento, dificultando o consumo alimentar, resultando em desnutrição e prejuízos na qualidade de vida mesmo após o término do tratamento. O presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar a relação entre a função mastigatória, a condição nutricional, a saúde oral e a qualidade de vida em saúde oral em indivíduos após o tratamento de câncer de cabeça e pescoço. Foram avaliados 20 indivíduos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão propostos, por meio da eletromiografia de superfície (EMGs) dos músculos masseter e temporal durante a mastigação unilateral; da avaliação antropométrica do estado nutricional, com peso, estatura, índice de massa corporal (IMC), pregas cutâneas; da avaliação dietética, através do recordatório alimentar de 24 horas; da avaliação da saúde oral, considerando o índice de atividade de cárie (CPOD), índice periodontal comunitário (CPI) e avaliação de uso e necessidade de prótese; da qualidade de vida com o instrumento Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). A EMGs demonstrou na avaliação da função mastigatória, na prova de Máxima Contração Voluntária (MCV) valores próximos de 100% para uma simetria perfeita da atividade muscular, valor de 9,07% para ausência de deslocamento dos músculos mastigatórios e o índice de atividade obteve maior prevalência dos músculos temporais. Na mastigação unilateral, os pacientes apresentaram padrão assimétrico na mastigação, assimetria entre os músculos masseteres e temporais para a mastigação do lado esquerdo, além de um predomínio do lado de trabalho. Na avaliação antropométrica 20% apresentaram baixo peso e 45% excesso de peso no IMC, enquanto a CB indicou 15% obesidade e 40% algum grau de desnutrição, confirmada na CMB. Para a porcentagem de gordura 20% estavam muito baixo e 30% acima do recomendado. Na avaliação dietética, 65% apresentaram consumo do valor energético total acima do recomendado, os macronutrientes estavam adequados em 70%, 90% e 60% para carboidrato, proteína e lipídeo respectivamente, os pacientes apresentaram consumo adequado: Ferro, Fósforo, Zinco, Vitamina B12 e E, os micronutrientes acima foram: Magnésio e Sódio. Foi verificado consumo baixo da necessidade para os micronutrientes: Potássio, Cálcio, Selênio, Vitamina D, A e C. Houve correlações entre o menor consumo de gordura e maior simetria da atividade muscular. A avaliação da saúde oral mostrou que 55% tinham baixa e 45% muito baixa atividade de cárie, 50% com sangramento gengival, 60% presença de cálculo e 35% bolsa periodontal de 4-5mm, 35% e 40% necessitavam de utilizar algum tipo de prótese superior e inferior, respectivamente. O OHIP-14 indicou fraco impacto da qualidade de vida na saúde oral para 55% dos participantes. Na saúde oral, quanto menor a necessidade de prótese inferior e quanto menor atividade de cárie maior simetria de atividade muscular na mastigação, enquanto maior necessidade de prótese resultou em mais ciclos mastigatórios. Portanto, após termino do tratamento de câncer de cabeça e pescoço foram encontrados prejuízos na mastigação, no estado nutricional, na ingestão alimentar e na saúde oral, existindo relação entre a atividade muscular durante a função mastigatória, a condição dietética e a saúde oral, indicando a necessidade do atendimento multidisciplinar voltado a esses pacientes.
The head and neck cancer can cause consequences to individuals, as losses in oral health and mastigatory function due to the location of the tumor our the treatments, difficulting food intake so, therefore cause malnutrition and losses in quality of life, even after end of treatment. The aim of the present study is checking the relation between the mastigatory function, with nutritional status, with oral health and with quality of life in oral health, in individuals after of head and neck cancer treatment. The sample consisted of 20 individuals that attended the criteria of inclusion and exclusion, through the surface electromyography (EMGs) of mastication muscles, masseter and temporal was performed during unilateral chewing; the nutrition status, with weight, height, Body Mass Index (BMI), skinfold thickness, dietary assessment, through the 24-hour dietary recall; the oral health assessment, DMF index, community periodontal index (CPI) and assessment of the use and need of a prothesis; the quality of life with questionnaire Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP- 14). The EMGs showed of the masticatory function in the test of Maximum voluntary teeth clenching (MVC), values of 100% for a perfect symmetry of muscle activity, 9,07% for the absence of masticatory muscle data and index for the temporal muscle had prevalence of temporal muscles. Unilateral chewing showed asymmetrical standard in chewing asymmetrical between the muscles masseter and temporal to chewing on the left side and predominance of working-side. The anthropometric evaluation indicated 20% malnutrition and 45% overweight in BMI, whereas the CB indicated 15% overweight and 40% some degree of malnutrition, confirmed in CMB. The body fat 20% were a lot below and 30% above recommended. Dietary assessment showed that carbohydrate, protein and lipid were adequate with 70%, 90% and 60% respectively. The patients showed adequate intake: iron, phosphorus, zinc, vitamin B12 and E, the higher intake of sodium and magnesium, and lower intake of, potassium, calcium, selenium, vitamin D, A and C. The oral health assessment indicated that 55% were lower and 45% a lot lower caries activity, 50% with gingival bleeding, 60% stone and 35% periodontal pocket of 4-5 mm, 35% and 40% needed the use some type of superior and inferior prosthesis, respectively. The OHIP-14 indicated weak impact of quality of life in oral health to 55% of sample. Had correlated between lower intake of fat, higher symmetry of muscle activity in chewing. The oral health, how lower the need the prosthesis inferior and how lower carie activity higher symmetry of muscle activity in chewing, while higher need of prosthesis indicated in more masticatory cycles. Therefore, after end of treatment of head and neck cancer was found consequences in mastication, nutritional status, food intake and oral health, existed relation between muscle activity during the masticatory function the dietetics and the oral health, indicated the need of multidisciplinary activity with emphasis on these patients.

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27

Spaniol, Ulrike I. L. "Auswirkungen des Ernährungszustandes auf die Verträglichkeit einer Chemotherapie bei Patientinnen mit gynäkologischen Malignomen." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medizinische Fakultät - Universitätsklinikum Charité, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15131.

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In der klinischen Diagnostik gewinnt die Untersuchung des Ernährungszustandes zunehmend an Bedeutung. Denn die Güte des Ernährungszustandes hat einen Einfluss auf die Mortalität und Morbidität der Patienten. Zur groben Evaluierung des Ernährungszustandes dient der Body Mass Index (BMI). Eine differenzierte Beurteilung des Ernährungszustandes wird durch die Analyse der Körperzusammensetzung erreicht. Die phasensensitive bioelektrische Impedanzanalyse (BIA) ist eine schnelle, preisgünstige und nicht-invasive Methode zur Messung der Körperzusammensetzung. Insbesondere der Phasenwinkel, der ein direkter Messparameter der BIA ist, gibt einen schnellen Überblick über den Ernährungszustand der Patienten. Er spiegelt das Verhältnis von Extrazellulärmasse zu Körperzellmasse wieder, welches in vielen Studien als Indikator zur frühzeitigen Erfassung einer beginnenden Mangelernährung validiert wurde. Bei der Applikation einer Chemotherapie ist es von großer Bedeutung, dass die vorgesehene Dosis und Dosisintensität der Therapie eingehalten wird. Insbesondere unerwünschte Nebenwirkungen sind häufig für Dosisreduktionen und Verschiebungen der Chemotherapie verantwortlich. In einer prospektiven Studie wurde bei 40 Frauen, die sich aufgrund eines gynäkologischen Malignoms einer Chemotherapie unterzogen haben, die Körperzusammensetzung mit der BIA vor jedem Chemotherapiezyklus gemessen. Diese Studie zeigt, dass durch die Messung der Körperzusammensetzung ein Risikokollektiv, welches für Nebenwirkungen der Therapie anfällig ist, ermittelt werden kann. Der Body Mass Index (BMI) erwies sich als unzureichender Parameter zur Beschreibung des Ernährungszustandes der Patientinnen. Insbesondere muss mit einer erhöhten Rate von Nebenwirkungen der Chemotherapie bei einem verminderten Phasenwinkel, welcher einen reduzierten Ernährungszustand widerspiegelt, gerechnet werden.
In clinical diagnostics the nutritional status is becoming more and more of interest. The nutritional status is closely connected with morbidity and mortality. It is usually evaluated by the body mass index (BMI). An exact estimation of nutritional status can be given by the measurement of body composition. The bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) allows a quick and non-invasive measurement of the body composition for each patient. A main point of interest is the phase angle, which is measured directly. It gives a prompt view on the nutritional status. There is a relation between the phase angle and the ECM/BCM-Ratio, a sensitive marker for early signs of malnutrition which was validated in many studies. For patients receiving chemotherapy (CT) it is especially important that the application of the therapy is administered in the right dose and dose intensity. Adverse events often lead to a dose reduction or delay of CT administration. In a prospective clinical study we measured consecutively 40 women receiving chemotherapy for a gynaecological malignancy. BIA was performed before each course of CT. The study demonstrates that an evaluation of the nutritional status can be used to predict the risk for adverse events in patients under chemotherapy. The BMI showed not to be a reliable parameter to estimate the nutritional status. A decreased phase angle which is a parameter for a reduced nutritional status showes that a higher rate of side effects in chemotherapy can be expected .

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28

Tommie, Jessica. "Serum Vitamin D Status and Breast Cancer Risk by Receptor Status: A Systematic Review." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin150480332518945.

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29

Akiyama, Kariann M. "Taste Detection in Post-Laryngectomy Head and Neck Cancer Survivors and Its Effect on Dietary Intake and Malnutrition Status." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10639405.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the taste function of post-laryngectomy head and neck cancer survivors and examine associations with dietary intake and malnutrition status. In this randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial, participants were tested in their ability to identify solutions of the five basic tastes of bitter, salty, sour, sweet, and umami. A 24-hour dietary recall was conducted to determine dietary intake and participants were screened for positive markers of malnutrition. At low concentration, 33.3% of participants were able to identify bitter, 16.7% salty, 16.7% sour, 0% sweet, and 0% umami. There were no reported positive features of malnutrition though a majority of participants’ 24-hour dietary recall showed energy intake below recommendation. Positive correlations were found between energy intake and correct identification scores for sour at medium (r = 0.956, p = 0.003) and low (r = 0.912, p = 0.011) concentrations and umami at low concentration ( r = 0.854, p = 0.031). Findings suggest that taste impairment is a long-term post-treatment effect in post-laryngectomy head and neck cancer survivors though adaptation seems to occur. These findings promote the need for preventative or rehabilitative interventions for taste impairment to prevent subsequent alterations in dietary intake and maximize quality of life.

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30

Hohol, Erica D. "Disconnect between Cancer Prevention Guidelines and Dietary Practices Stratified by Obesity Status in a National Cohort." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1366243572.

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31

Raymonvil, Aleeshaia Danner. "Serum Iron Concentration and Prostate Cancer in the United States." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3257.

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Over 2 million adult men in the United States have been diagnosed with prostate cancer, with nearly 200,000 new diagnoses each year. This type of cancer is the leading cause of mortality in U.S. men. One possible risk factor for prostate cancer is a high level of iron in the body, but the association has yet to be confirmed. This study was an investigation of the relationship between serum iron concentration and prostate cancer using data obtained from the 2009-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. This quantitative study involved 1,850 men in the U.S. aged 51 to 70 years. The framework for this research was based on the exposure-disease model. Participants' data were analyzed using chi-squared independence tests and hierarchical logistic regression, while controlling for demographic variables (body mass index, age, ethnicity, poverty-to-income ratio, educational attainment, and hours worked in the last week) to account for potential confounding effects. Serum iron concentration was not found to be significantly associated with prostate cancer diagnosis in this sample. Additional results indicated a significant association between age and prostate cancer, and between ethnicity and prostate cancer, confirming previous research findings. This study contributes to positive social change by confirming the importance of screening for prostate cancer among high-risk populations and by suggesting that it is premature to use serum iron concentration as a screening tool to detect prostate cancer.

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32

Asp, Michelle Lynn. "Therapeutic Strategies for the Treatment of Insulin Resistance in Various Metabolic Disease States." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1280255826.

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33

Wei-Lien, Feng. "Nutritional Status in Hospitalized Cancer Patients." 2004. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0007-1704200714571376.

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Feng, Wei-Lien, and 封威蓮. "Nutritional Status in Hospitalized Cancer Patients." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89834698246097775551.

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碩士
臺北醫學大學
護理學系
92
Malnutrition is one of the most common problems faced by cancer patients, yet few studies have explored this problem. The purposes of this cross-sectional study were to investigate the nutritional status of hospitalized cancer patients in three inpatient oncology wards at a medical center in Taipei. Data collected on 132 subjects included background and disease-related information, symptom severity, Body Mass Index (BMI), performance status (by Karnofsky Performance Status, KPS) and nutritional screening (by Mini-Nutritional Assessment, MNA). Thirty of these subjects were further interviewed about their 72-hour dietary intake. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe’s post-hoc test, Pearson’s correlation, and multiple stepwise regression. The results showed that: (1) the mean (±SD) MNA score was 17.37±4.74; more than half the subjects (n=67, 50.8%) were categorized as “at nutritional risk” and 53 (40.2%) were identified as “malnourished”; (2) analysis of the 72-hour dietary intake data showed that total caloric intake was less than that of normal healthy people, especially for fat intake; and (3) stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that overall symptom severity, BMI, KPS scores, hemoglobin, diagnosis with head and neck cancers and GI cancers significantly predicted nutritional status as assessed by MNA scores (R2 =69.9%). These results suggest that the nutrition of cancer patients is still a problem. To improve cancer patients’ nutritional status, the authors recommend that more attention be devoted to this issue and its related factors.

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Yang, Min-zhe, and 楊明哲. "The effects of nutritional intervention on nutritional status of cancer patients under radiotherapy." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/97994923391793757793.

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碩士
輔仁大學
營養科學系
96
Cancer has been the first eading cause of death since 1982 in Taiwan. Cancer incidence and mortality have been increasing for the last 26 years. Nutritional status cancer patient can affect the outcome of medical treatment. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of nutritional intervention on nutritional status of cancer patients under radiotherapy. There were 136 cancer patients recruited at Cathy General Hospital in Taipei. Cancer patients were divided to high or low nutrition-risk groups, and then divided to control or experiment groups. The control group only received general health education once by a nurse staff. The experiment group received three nutritional counselings by dieticians during radiotherapy. Nutritional status and quality of life of patients were evaluated at the beginning and end of radiotherapy. The results showed that nutritional intervention could maintain the body weight, serum albumin, increase social functional scores and nutritional attitude of low nutritional-risk experiment group during radiotherapy. Nutritional intervention made high-risk experiment group maintain, percent body fat, serum albumin and PG-SGA scores, increase vitamin B1, vitamin B12 and niacin intakes, decrease nausea and vomiting scores and maintain constipation scores during radiotherapy. This study proved that nutritional intervention for cancer patients could maintain their nutritional status and alleviate symptoms.

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Lee, Szu-Jung, and 李思蓉. "The relevance between nutritional intervention on cancer patients’ nutritional status and their continual process of accepting anti-cancer treatment." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27912954582836478861.

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碩士
中山醫學大學
營養學研究所
101
Due to cancer stages and harsh treatment process, cancer patients lose nutrients and reduce dietary intake, which easily causes malnutrition. The relevant researches indicate that Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) can be a tool to do early screening and assess nutritional status of cancer patients. In this study, subjects are 179 cancer patients who accept chemotherapy in a medical center’s chemotherapy room in Taichung. These cancer patients are given nutritional interventions as follows, including nutritional assessment and dietary guidance on those who accept anti-cancer treatment for the first time and dietitian’s regular follow-up and problem-solving on those who are high-risk malnutrition patients due to body weight loss and factors reducing dietary intake. If some of cancer patients have oral intake problems, dietitian will give nutritional education about enteral nutrition through intestinal supply, or about formula preparation as well as proper consumption through tube feeding in order to improve their nutritional status. The study found that those cancer patients had significant increase in carbohydrate, fat, protein and calorie intake through nutritional intervention and education. When further discussion is about the relevance between nutritional intake and nutritional indicators, it’s found that carbohydrate, fat, protein and calorie intake are highly positive correlated with body weight. It’s also found that carbohydrate and calorie intake have significant correlation with hemoglobin. In conclusion, cancer patients can improve nutrition intake through nutritional interventions, which further make nutritional indicators better.

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Tu, Mei-Yu, and 凃美瑜. "Study of nutritional status assessment and diet of colorectal cancer inpatients." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12815128964892063511.

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碩士
台南科技大學
生活應用科學研究所
95
The most frequent problem the colorectal inpatients face is concerning nutrition and intake and rarely deeply investigated in Taiwan. Therefore, the general surgery subjects of colorectal cancer in a southern medical center were evaluated regarding nutritional status and food intake for understanding the relationship compared between the nutrient intake and colorectal cancer. First, in light of the Taiwan Nutrient Data Laboratory database as the main resource, the questionnaire based on the types of foods and lifestyle was designed for the risk factors of colorectal cancer. For the food frequency questionnaire, the 45 patients of colorectal cancer proved colonoscopically and pathologically were in the study group; the 45 healthy testers of no history of related illness after age and sex matching, in the control group. The Subjective Global Assessment (SGA)-, Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST)-, and Nutritional Risk Index (NRI)- assessed nutrition related problems in the study group were assessed, based on the basic data, symptom severity, physical examination, and blood biochemistry. Resultantly, the MUST-assessed sensitivity and specificity of the colorectal cancer participants who had rectal cancer and whose average age was 62.1 ± 11.5 years were 93.8% and 82.8%.However, the MUST had a higher positive predictive rate (75%) and a negative predictive rate（96%）; the SGA and MUST（k = 0.724， P < 0.001）, significantly different consistent coefficients. The 6 subjects （13%） had a 10% weight loss preoperatively within 6 months; the 11 subjects（24%）, a 5-10% weight loss. During the average hospital days (17.1 ± 10.6), the average weight loss was 3.02 ± 1.39 kg; the number of the patients with the 5-10% weight loss, 15（33%）; that of those with the weight loss greater than 10%, 1 (2.2%). For the malnutrition risk assessment, the three screening tools focused upon the weight loss. In the findings, the more weight loss the patients had, the more hospital days they spent（P = 0.039）. In the Spearman correlation analysis using the nutritional status compared with the hospital days and medical cost: the worse the SGA-, MUST-, and NRI-assessed nutritional status was, the more hospital days the patients spent; the SGA-assessed nutritional status compared with the medical cost for hospitalization was significantly different. Additionally, in the analysis, after the SGA-, MUST-, and NRI-assessed nutritional status was compared with the associated variables like the preoperative weight, preoperative body mass index (BMI), cortex thickness, albumin, prealbumin, transferrin, total lymphocyte count, Hemoglobin, and Zinc, the worst the SGA- and MUST- assessed nutritional status was, the smaller the significant different variables were. In the food frequency questionnaire, the relative risk between the source of fatty acids and their intake was identified: the increase in saturated fatty acids in red meat increased cancer risk （OR=1.09；95%CI=1.01-1.18；P < 0.05）; fruit fiber intake decreased cancer risk （OR=0.84；95%CI=0.74-0.95；P < 0.05）. Moreover, the pre-cancer sufferer intake of fish, meat, beans, and eggs in the colorectal cancer group was much higher than the average intake in the control group. The intake of dairy products and vegetables was lower in the former group than the latter group. Conclusively, to eat more saturated fatty acids in red meat might increase the risk of colorectal cancer which was decreased by the more fruit fiber diet. The nutritional status screening of in-hospital colorectal cancer patients who pre-operated had some limitations of medical support and time. Still, it was proposed that to use MUST to quickly screen in-patient patients’ nutrition risk or to be the instrument of in-hospital malnutrition patients and if there is a need depending upon the clinical condition to offer blood test as the aid of assessing patients’ malnutrition.

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Shu-Fen, Hsieh, and 解淑芬. "Nutritional status in patients with esophageal cancer during concurrent chemo-radiotherapy." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/31496463979946041613.

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碩士
輔仁大學
食品營養學系
94
The purpose of this study was to assess the nutritional status of patients with esophageal cancer before and during receiving concurrent chemo-radiotherapy, and to evaluate the nutritional status in patients with different feeding routes including oral intake, nasogastric tube feeding and jejunostomy feeding. Forty-five patients were recruited from Linko Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, 27 for oral intake, 12 for nasogastric tube feeding and 6 for jejunostomy feeding. The anthropometric and pathologic data in first diagnosis were analyzed. And the assessment in nutritional status, including body weight, triceps skinfold, mid arm circumference, mid arm muscle circumference, hemoglobin and serum albumin, were measured during receiving first, second, third and fourth courses of chemotherapy. The results showed that the average period of dysphagia is 2.4 ± 1.8 months, average body losses is 9.5 ± 7.2 %, average mid arm circumference is 26.0 ± 2.8cm and mid aim muscle circumference is 23.1 ± 2.2 cm. The body weight losses in nasogastric tube and jejunostomy feeding groups were significantly higher than oral intake group at diagnosis (p=0.017). Mid arm circumference and mid arm muscle circumference in nasogastric tube group was significantly lower than oral intake group (p＜0.05). After concurrent chemo-radiotherapy and surgery, the body weight, triceps skinfold and mid arm circumference in oral intake group were significantly lower after surgery (p＜0.05). In addition, the hemoglobin and mid arm muscle circumference were significantly decreased (p＜0.0001). There was no difference of blood biochemical values and anthropometrical measures of the other two groups before and after surgery. By using multiple regression analysis, patient’s nutritional status at diagnosis was significantly affected by the period of dysphagia, severity of lumen obstruction and tumor location (p＜0.05). How-ever, nutrition status during treatment was significantly affected by feeding route, severity of lumen obstruction, treatment type, treatment responses and tumor location (p＜0.05). Therefore, enteral feeding should be introduced to esophageal cancer patients, who suffered from dysphagia, poor intake or persisted body weight loss, before and during concurrent chemo-radiotherapy, to prevent malnutrition. And enteral feeding should maintain patient’s good nutritional status after surgery.

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39

Wang, Yu-Ting, and 王渝婷. "The effects of individualized nutrition counseling on nutritional status in gastric cancer patients who undergo chemotherapy." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/d78pdm.

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40

Li, HSIAO-HSUAN, and 李筱萱. "Effects of Nutrition Intervention on Nutritional Status, Physical Activity and Life Quality of Breast Cancer Survivors." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/04819808115594118891.

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碩士
輔仁大學
營養科學系碩士班
104
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women. Advances in treatment improved patient survival. Many studies indicated that exercise or dietary intervention had a positive effect on BC patients. After cancer treatment, healthy lifestyle and maintaining a healthy weight may prevent recurrence and development of other chronic diseases in BC women. In Taiwan, healthy eating implementation is poor among BC survivors. BC survivors are frequently confused by diet and lifestyle adjustment. Therefore, stagegic design of nutrition education for BC survivors is very important. However long-term diet and lifestyle guidelines for BC patients upon finishing their herapy are not available in Taiwan. Therefore, the aims of this study were to design a nutriention education program and to evaluate the effects of nutrition intervention on nutritional status, physical activity and quality of life in BC patients after finishing their therapy. Thirty four eligible BC sourvivors were recruited and assigned to control or intervention group. The subjects in control group were provided with written materials, and those of intervention group were provided with nutrition counseling, nutrition education and invited into a network group through mobile device (LINE) during the 14 weeks of study. The pre-test, post-test and follow-up test were conducted 1 week prior to, 1 wk after and 1 mo after the study. The results showed our education program was feasible. Overall diet quality and compliance in intervention group were better compared to control group. Control group had difficulties in reaching the dietary recommended intakes if not through dietary supplements, and had the risk of repeatedly consuming excessive amout of supplements. Many nutrient intakes of control subjects who needed to loss weight failed to meet DRIs even with the consumption of health/functional food. Compared with the control group, subjects of intervention subjects who needed to maintain weight had significantly higher intakes of dietary fiber, zinc, vitamin B2, vegetable and fruits. Subjects of intervention group who needed to loss weight had significantly higher intake of vitamin E. Study intervention assisted all subjects to maintain their moderate and vigorous physical activity to more than 150 minutes per week. Subjects of intervention group had significantly decreased body fat %, overall subcutaneous fat %, increased overall muscle mass %, improved limbs and trunk body composition after intervention. The body composition of control subjects did not change. PG-SGA scores of both groups decreased significantly 1 month after the intervention. At the end of intervention, QoL of intervention group did not. In conclusion, the nutrition education and counseling designed in this study had positive impact to BC survivors and was useful for participants in improving their diet quality and physical activity, reducing body fat as well as increasing muscle mass.

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41

Ko, Shu-Chen, and 柯淑貞. "Effect of oral nutritional supplements on nutritional status in head and neck cancer patients with radiation therapy." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/83669136864726186026.

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碩士
中山醫學大學
營養學研究所
102
Objective This study was to determine the impact of early and intensive nutrition intervention on a range of outcomes including body weight, body composition, nutritional status, radiotherapy side effect, treatment interruption of radiotherapy, global quality of life (QoL), and physical function compared to usual practice in oncology outpatients receiving radiotherapy in the head and neck cancer patients. Methods The patients with head and neck cancer receiving radiotherapy at Changhua Christian Hospital since September 2012 to October 2013. The inclusion criteria were oncology outpatients, age >20 years and<80 years. Patients who were age <20 years, >80 years, pregnant, breastfeeding or severe liver or kidney failure were excluded. 53 out of 73 newly diagnosed patients have signed the informed consent to participate in the study. Completed testing data was collected on 40 patients. All of the patients were randomized into either the intervention or the control groups. For the intervention group, every patient was provided with 500 kcal nutrient supplements per day during a 2-month period of radiotherapy. In contrast, there were no nutrient intervention for the control group. Results The immediate effects of nutrition intervention, such as calorie and protein intakes were obviously close to the suggested value (p<0.05). The intervention group was better than control on diet. Control group was significantly reduced on red blood count (×106/mm3), hemoglobin (g/dl), Hct (%), lymphocyte (%), total lymphocyte count (×103/mm3) before and after the testing period (p<0.05). In contrast, there were only white blood cells, lymphocyte (%) and total lymphocyte count (×103/mm3) had been reduced significantly for intervention. The reducing effects were not significantly different between the intervention and the control group. Serum albumin was reduced in both groups, but there is still no significant difference in intergroup comparisons. Significant difference in weight loss was observed at the 4th week of study (p<0.05). The most obviously effect was appeared on final week. There were 4.6±2.4 kg and 2.6±2.4 kg (p<0.05) of weight loss in the control and the intervention group, respectively. This implied that the nutrition intervention could slow down the weight loss of intervention group. The analysis of weight loss percentage also exhibited the same trend and showed a significant difference, which was 2.9% vs. 1.3% for intervention and control groups on week 4 (p<0.05), respectively. The most distinct effect was occurred on final week. There were 6.9±3.2 % and 4.1±4.0 % of weight loss (p<0.05) for control and intervention group, respectively. The results patient generated subjective global assessment (PGSGA) showed that higher score was observed in longer time period of therapy. The intervention group was stable after 3-4 weeks; while the control group was followed an increasing trend. The score comparison on week 6 and final week had a significant difference (p<0.05). In addition to weight loss of cancer patient, body composition is a more concerned issue. All the fat, water content and fat free mass showed a reducing trend. Although, the reducing amounts were not significant between two groups, they were reduced more in control. These results indicated that intervention group could keep the body composition more stable than control. It had been shown some benefits described below. The treatment interruption rate, defined as a 5-day interruption had been improved, which was 15 % vs. 45 % for intervention and control groups, respectively; Interruption group had superior finishing rate of 100%, In contrast, there was only 86% for control. Conclusions It is suggested that adequate nutrition support during radiotherapy can decrease impact of side effects, minimize weight loss, and improve quality of life (QoL), decrease radiotherapy interruption rate and increase finishing rate and help patients to recover from the radiotherapy more quickly.

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42

Chiao, Hsu Yu, and 許鈺喬. "The effects of nutritional intervention on nutritional status and quality of life for breast cancer, head and neck cancer and colorectal cancer patients in Taiwan." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17315636199729618312.

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碩士
輔仁大學
營養科學系
99
Cancer has been on the first place of the ten leading causes of death in Taiwan since 1982; and the mortality rate has been increasing for the last 28 years. Malnutrition is cancer patients’ most common problem and reduces treatment outcome, quality of life, prognosis and survival. Evidences show that the early nutrition intervention may prevent the occurrence of malnutrition, however local related researches are few in Taiwan. Breast cancer, head and neck cancer, and colorectal cancer were selected for intervention based on the prevalences and the effects of nutritional intervention on cancer patients’ treatment outcome. The purposes of the study were to evaluate the effects of nutritional status and quality of life in cancer patients during one-year follow-up period. There were 87, 43, and 61 breast cancer, head and neck cancer, and colorectal cancer patient in experiment groups separately, and 34, 35, 45 for each control group. Totally 305 first diagnosed cancer patients were recruited from five hospitals in Taiwan. During one-year follow-up period, intervention group received nutritional counseling from dieticians; the control group received general health education booklets. The results showed breast cancer patients’ total PG-SGA scores of intervention group and control group were all significantly reduced after one year of follow-up. Albumin level of breast cancer intervention group was significantly lower than control group at the 3rd month and the 12th month of follow-up. However, calorie intakes of breast cancer intervention group were higher than that of control group at the 12th month follow-up. The quality of life of breast cancer intervention group had significantly improved also. Head and neck cancer patients’ PG-SGA scores of intervention group were significantly lower than those of control group at the 12th month of follow-up. Average daily protein intakes and quality of life were higher and improved for intervention group, especially on symptom of fatigue and dry mouth. Colorectal cancer patients’ PG-SGA scores were both decreased after 3 months of treatment. Although, the serum albumin level and average daily caloric intakes of colorectal cancer intervention group were lower than those of control group, the quality of life of intervention group was better than that of control group. As a whole, nutrition intervention might improve the quality of life of breast and head and neck cancer patient under present cancer patient treatment regime in Taiwan. However, the effects of nutrition intervention on colorectal cancer patients were not seen in this study.

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Yeh, Chih-Hung, and 葉志鴻. "Nutritional condition, oxidative status and inflammation of breast cancer patients receiving postoperative chemotherapy." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27206817121911052610.

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碩士
嘉南藥理科技大學
營養與保健科技研究所
98
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of nutritional condition, oxidative status and cytokine profiles on breast cancer patients receiving postoperative chemotherapy. Nutrition assessment and food intake were assessed with a patient-generated subjective global assessment (PG-SGA) and semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire, respectively. Nutrition biochemical examination from blood in the cancer patients were detected in the analysis. Single-cell gel electrophoresis was used to measure baseline or H2O2-induced DNA strand breaks. Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity assay (TEAC), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and carbonyl groups assay were also evaluated with oxidative status of breast cancer patients. A commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for quantitative detection of human cytokines IL-6, INF-γ, TNF-α and IL-1β. This survey was conducted before the chemotherapy and two weeks after the second chemotherapy. Twenty-eight patients participated in this study. The mean age was 53.7 ± 12.0 y and mean height was 157.5 ± 5.6 cm. The mean weight before the chemotherapy was 61.6 ± 12.8 kg. All patients had a histologically confirmed diagnosis of stages I to III breast cancer. 25.0％ of patients were stage I disease, 35.7％ were stage II and 39.2％ were stage III. Patients received chemotherapy could increase PG-SGA score, but decrease anemia indicators of RBC, Hb, Hct and MCHC, Immune inflammation indexes of WBC and eosinophils count, transferrin and zinc level. Under better nutritional condition, patients received chemotherapy had higher DNA oxidative damage. Higher intake frequency of “soybean products” before chemotherapy, or increased intake frequency of “enough to eat three servings of vegetables” after chemotherapy have a relationship with increased Hb and Hct level, which may improve or prevent anemia caused by chemotherapy. Higher intake frequency of “meat” or “reduce the cooking oil” before chemotherapy, or increased intake frequency of “enough to eat two servings of fruits” or “reduce the cooking oil” after chemotherapy, have a relationship with increased WBC and eosinophils count, which should enhance the immune functions and prevention from infections. Higher intake frequency of “vegetarian” or “milk” Before chemotherapy, or increased intake frequency of “enough to eat two servings of fruits” after chemotherapy, have a relationship with increased prealbumin and albumin level, which may help improving the nutritional status of protein. Higher intake frequency of “nutritional supplements” before chemotherapy, or increased intake frequency of “eggs”, “soybean products” , “health food” or “reduce the cooking oil” after chemotherapy, have a relationship with increased IFN-?? IL-1?? IL-6 or TNF-? productions. Higher intake frequency of “whole grains” or “organic / non-toxic foods” before chemotherapy, or increased intake frequency of “organic / non-toxic foods” after chemotherapy, have a relationship with increased oxidative stress, such as decreased antioxidative capacity or increased lymphocyte DNA oxidative damage. However, the above eating behavior for the impacts of chemotherapy still need further research. In conclusion, the frequency and type of dietary intake could affect nutritional status, antioxidative capacity and some cytokine expression in cancer patients after chemotherapy, and may be related to complication for cancer patients with chemotherapy. The findings of this research will define the positive synergistic factor for alleviating cancer chemotherapy-related symptoms, and can help the hospital to establish nutrition education and consultation models for breast cancer patients.

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44

Ching-Yi, Chang, and 張靜怡. "Effects of early postoperative enteral feeding on nutritional status in gastric cancer patients." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78915707255618220710.

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碩士
臺北醫學大學
保健營養學系
94
This study investigated the support of total parental nutrition (TPN) given pre-operatively to the patients with gastric cancer. The nutritional intervention was evaluated through the surgical jejunostomy as a route of early enteral feeding to provide sufficient enteral nutrition in gastric cancer patients. The patients received TPN one week prior to operation, and early enteral feeding through jejunostomy feeding on the first day of post-operation. The patients were observed for 14 days post-opreation and followed up after 3-week discharge. The subjects (n = 10) with the average age of 74.3 years old lost weight by 12.4% in the recent 6 months prior to operation. Their caloric requirement in average was 1635.6 kcal, which approximately equals to 30.3 kcal/kg body weight (BW). Protein requirement in average was 1.2 g/kg BW. The use of TPN was 19.6 days in average. There were 6 patients having bloating and 3 patients having diarrhea after receiving early enteral feeding. However, abdominal cramps, vomiting, and aspiration pneumonia had not occurred. The average body weight tended to decrease after 3-week discharge compared with that prior to operation. The support of TPN at least for 7 days in gastric cancer patients with significant weight loss and severe malnutrition going to receiving operation maintained the nutritional status and prevented continuous weight loss. The early enteral feeding through jejunostomy tended to increase serum hemoglobin, hematocrit, and iron levels to prevent deterioration from anemia. Additionally, nutritional support gradually improved the immune function of gastric cancer patients by increasing total lymphocyte counts. The nutritional care had better be continuously evaluated to prevent the occurrence and deterioration from malnutrition in gastric cancer patients with gastrectomy.

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45

Lu, Chun-Ju, and 盧純如. "A Correlation Study of the Symptom Distress and Nutritional Status in Esophagus Cancer Patients." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2x3vau.

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碩士
義守大學
醫務管理學系
107
Objective: This study was examined the symptoms distress and the nutritional status and related factors in patients with esophagus cancer after treatment. Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, 170 patients who were diagnosed esophagus cancer, and recruited from a general hospital in southern Taiwan. Data was collected from April, 2012 to June, 2017 by face to face interview using a self - reported structured questionnaires. Outcome measurements included the Nursing nutritional risk screening tool (NNRST), symptoms distress scale, personal characteristics, and medical related variables. Results: 62.4% esophagus cancer patients reported the amount of intake was decreased, 52.9% patients ate liquid foods only, 54.1% patients no appetite, and 38.8% eating was influenced by pain. The prevalence of malnutrition was 60% (102/170) in esophagus cancer patients. The mean score of symptom distress was 23.9 (SD=6.1). There was a significantly positive correlation between the mean score of NNRST and symptom distress. In the stepwise regression model, two factors were the predictors of nutritional status, included symptom distress (13%) and marital status (3%), and account for 16.0% total variance. Conclusions and clinical applications: This study confirmed the high risk of malnutrition in esophagus cancer patients after treatment. The malnutrition risk is positive correlated with patients’ symptom distress. Health care professionals are responsible to aware patients’ symptom distress and assess the risk of malnutrition, and provide appropriate nutritional intervention to decrease the malnutrition status of esophagus cancer patients after treatment.

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CHANG, PEI-HAN, and 張沛涵. "The Investigation of the Nutritional Status and Frailty Level in Geriatric Colorectal Cancer Patients." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92j8yt.

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碩士
馬偕醫學院
長期照護研究所
107
Background: Worldwide population aging has profound implications on the planning and delivery of healthcare. Aging has been regarded as a risk factor of many diseases, by which the population of elderly patients with cancer are increased. Frailty syndrome is a geriatric problem that affects multiple domains of human functioning. A variety of problems contributes to the development of this syndrome; poor nutritional status is an important determinant of this condition. Purposes: The main purposes of this study is to obtain an insight about the nutritional status and level of frailty of the older patients with colorectal cancer, and to investigate the correlation of nutritional status, level of frailty and other variables of older patients with colorectal cancer. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional quantitative and correlation study. Newly diagnosed colorectal cancer patients with age over 65 from outpatient department of a medical center in North Taiwan were enrolled. The data were collected by structured questionnaires and physiological assessments from convenience sampling subjects. Results: Ninety patients were enrolled for the study. Poor nutritional status was found to be high risk in 58.9% of the newly diagnosed elderly patients with colorectal cancer, and the prevalence of frailty was 51.1%. The study indicated that the total nutrient score was a statistically significant predictor of frailty disease (OR = 2.31, 95% CI = 1.48 - 3.61). For every 1 point increased in total nutritional score, the risk of frailty disease increased 2.31 times. Conclusions and Recommendations: Nutrition has been identified as a major risk factor in this population. From the results of this study. Nutritional status is related to the degree of frailty, and highlight that nutritional assessment should be routinely performed, especially in frailty elderly cancer patients. Findings of this study may be applied to acquire a better understanding and identification of the problems in such patient group, to develop recommendations for appropriate nursing interventions, to improve the quality of care, to reduce the medical costs, and to serve as references for further research in elderly patients with colorectal cancer.

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47

Wang, Li-Yu, and 王儷餘. "The correlation between traditional Chinese medicine syndrome groups and nutritional status in cancer patients." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40504561779976199704.

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碩士
國立陽明大學
傳統醫藥研究所
101
More and more cancer patients are seeking alternative treatment, and Traditional Chinese Medicine（TCM）has been applied in cancer care for a few decades already. Although there were studies that had evaluated the relationship between malnutrition and quality of life（QOL）in cancer patients, the study want to find out weather TCM syndrome groups would paly a factor in the nutritional status of cancer patients. The goal of this article was to explore the association between the TCM syndrome groups and nutritional status in cancer patients. In different TCM syndrome groups and nutritional status, the study also want to understand the prevalence of cancer-related fatigue（CRF）and QOL in cancer patients. It was an observational study. Our team recuited cancer patients as subjects from the Linsen branch of Taipei City Hospital, Taiwan. For data collection, the TCM syndrome group questionnaire, scored Patient-generated Subjective Global Assessment questionnaires（PG-SGA）, Proposed ICD-10 Criteria for Cancer-Related Fatigue questionnaire, WHOQOL-BREF Taiwan version, and 12-Item Short Form Health Survey（SF-12）were adopted for usage. There are six TCM syndrome groups in the TCM syndrome group questionnaire— qi deficiency syndrome, blood deficiency syndrome, yin deficiency syndrome, yang deficiency syndrome, qi stagnation syndrome, blood stasis syndrome. The nutritional status was assessed by the scored Patient-generated Subjective Global Assessment questionnaire, and cancer patients were categorized into three nutrition status groups. The Proposed ICD-10 Criteria for Cancer-Related Fatigue questionnaire was used in diagnosing CRF. QOL was assessed by the WHO-BREF Taiwan version and SF-12 questionnaires. 160 cancer patients completed the series of questionnaires. The percentage of TCM syndrome groups from the highest to lowest was qi deficiency syndrome group, qi stagnation syndrome group, yin deficiency syndrome group, blood deficiency syndrome group, yang deficiency syndrome group, blood stasis syndrome group. The most common TCM syndrome in cancer patients was qi deficiency syndrome. No matter what category the cancer patients were in, more than half of them were in the qi deficiency syndrome group. Patients with qi deficiency syndrome, yang deficiency syndrome or qi stagnation syndrome had significantly poorer nutritional status and significantly higher percentage of CRF than those without these TCM syndromes. In nutritional status, when nutritional status was poorer , the percentage of patients with qi deficiency syndrome, blood deficiency syndrome, yang deficiency syndrome or qi stagnation syndrome was significantly higher and qulity of life was significantly poorer.There was no statistically significant differences between nutritional status and CRF. The study confirmed that TCM syndrome groups has an association with nutritional status. Patients with qi deficiency syndrom, yang deficiency syndrome or qi stagnation syndrome had significantly higher PG-SGA scores and significantly higher percentage of CRF than those without TCM syndrome. Upon the diagnosis of cancer patients with presence of these TCM syndrome, it would be helpful in treatment implement of cancer care. When we meet cancer patients with the TCM syndromes that showed significant association with nutritional status such as qi deficiency syndrome group, yang deficiency syndrome group or qi stagnation syndrome group, we should take notice of their nutritional status.

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48

Yang, Shu-An, and 楊舒安. "Folate Nutritional Status and Cancer Risk: A Population-based Follow-up Study in Taiwan." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72825062326794135408.

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碩士
國防醫學院
公共衛生學研究所
96
Folate is an essential nutrients in humans and plays an important role in one-carbon reactions that involve in DNA synthesis and DNA methylation reactions. Therefore, assessing the relationships of nutritional status of folate and cofactors which involve in folate metabolism with the risk of cancer is a critical subject for the etiology of cancer. Thus, we conducted this study to assess the relationships of dietary intake and plasma levels of folate, vitamins B6 and B12 within the overall risk of developing cancers. We also evaluated the differential effect of folate on the occurrence of cancer and the progression of precancerous lesions based on the analysis of prevalent cases(occurred with two years from the enrollment date) and incident cases(occurred after two years from the enrollment date). We further examined whether nutritional status of the vitamins B6 and B12 modified the association of folate status with cancer risk. This cohort study used two databases, including Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan, 1993-1996(included 949 participants) and CardioVascular Disease risk FACtor Two-township Study (included 4572 participants). Food questionnaire and blood samples were collected from each participant. Subjects were followed up from cohort entry to December 31, 2005, for vital status and cancer occurrence through computerized linkage with information obtained from the National Cancer Registry and the National Death Certification System in Taiwan. Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The results showed that the correlation between dietary folate, vitamins B6 and B12 intakes and their plasma levels were 0.20(p<0.05), 0.11(p=0.02), and 0.21(p<0.05), respectively. Dietary folate intake and plasma levels of folate were inversely associated with overall cancer risk (adjusted RR=1.2; 95% CI=0.85-1.59 and 0.88-1.54, respectively). For the analysis of prevalent cases, participants in the second tertile and the lowest tertile group showed an adjusted RR of 1.5(95% CI=0.36-3.38) and 0.2 (95%CI = 0.03 -0.72), respectively, as compared with those in the highest tertile. At the meantime, the analysis of incident cases showed that dietary folate intake was inversely associated with overall cancer risk (adjusted RR=1.2, 95% CI=0.86-1.66 and RR=1.1, 95% CI=0.84-1.51, respectively). Furthermore, the results demonstrated that the nutritional status of vitamins B6 and B12 was not modified the association of folate status with cancer risk. Further epidemiological cohort studies based on large sample size and prolonged duration of follow-up are needed to evaluate the potential dual modulator role of folate in carcinogenesis.

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LEE, KUO-CHING, and 李國靖. "Applying Decision Tree to Nutritional Status Prediction of the Head and Neck Gastrointestinal Cancer Patients." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/udjb96.

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碩士
元培醫事科技大學
資訊管理系數位創新管理碩士班
107
With the changes of the eating habits and the environment changes, the number of patients suffering from cancer is increasing day by day, and the cancer becomes the first of the top ten death causes in Taiwan. In the process of the cancer treatment, cancer patients often need do chemotherapy or radiation therapy, and the side effects of the chemotherapy or radiation therapy includes nausea, anorexia, vomiting, taste changes, stomatitis, etc. These accompanying side effects often affect the nutritional status of patients, especially for the head and neck gastrointestinal cancer patients. If a cancer patient is malnourished, it will affect the patient's treatment. In order to know the nutritional status of the head and neck gastrointestinal cancer patients in advance, the decision tree analysis is used in this study to predict the nutritional status by using the relationships between the disease, treatment methods, side effects and other factors from the medical records of the head and neck gastrointestinal cancer patients. The found prediction model can provide references to hospital admission assessment procedures of the head and neck gastrointestinal cancer patients for medical institutions. When a cancer patient is determined into a high risk of adverse nutritional status, the nutritionist can perform the priority nutritional access and nutritional intervention.

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Tan, Ann Charis, and 徐安琪. "The Association between Skin Electrical Conductance of Acupuncture Meridians and Nutritional Status in Cancer Patients." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59958647524300598995.

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Abstract:

碩士
國立陽明大學
傳統醫藥研究所
104
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) studies have shown that energy in the human body may be detected using the meridian energy analysis device (MEAD) through the measurement of skin electrical conductance of 24 hand and foot acupuncture points located on the 12 main meridians. This study aims to investigate whether or not an association exists between electrical conductance of acupuncture meridians and nutritional status in cancer patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 147 hospitalized cancer patient cases. Meridian electrical conductance was tested using the MEAD, while nutritional status was assessed using the scored Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) questionnaire. The odds ratio for the total meridian electrical conductance (average of the 12 meridian values) was reported to be at 0.98, which indicated that a decrease in the conductance level was correlated with an increase in the odds of being severely malnourished (Stage C), when adjusted with demographic and disease-related variables. Nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare median values of the 12 meridians for each PG-SGA stage. The total meridian electric conductance was found to have a significant difference. When examined individually, 7 out of the 12 meridians have a significant difference, namely that of the heart, large intestine, liver, kidney, urinary bladder, gallbladder, and stomach (all p < 0.05). Meridian electrical conductance levels also differ with regards to demographic and disease-related variables such as gender, age, and BMI, but not cancer stage and ECOG PS score. The study suggests a decreasing association between meridian electric conductance and nutritional status. However, there are demographic and disease-related factors that need to be taken into account, as they may have an impact on both measurements. For the time being, the MEAD may be a possible complementary tool, along with nutritional status assessment, in cancer care.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Nutritional Status - Cancer'

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