Journal articles: 'Nutritional Status - Cancer'

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Sonal, Viyas, Kumari Rinki, Tiwari Anamika, Shahi UP, and Singh GPI. "The Effect of Nutrition on Risk of Breast Cancer." Journal of Clinical Cases & Reports 3, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.46619/joccr.2020.3-1056.

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Introduction: The nutritional status has been related to breast cancer risk factors as well as to cancer treatment morbid mortality. Thus, its assessment is important for developing strategies for the promotion of nutritional status and breast cancer outcome. Material and Methods: Several different methods used for nutritional assessment in breast cancer patients undergoing therapy were used, including subjective global assessment (SGA), body mass index (BMI), and biochemical analysis (BA). The occurrence of complications during breast cancer treatment versus the nutritional status was assessed. Results: We followed 86 women with age range 18-76 years. Most patients were considered malnourished (65%). A good number of patients experienced complications during breast cancer treatment, and associated with nutritional status. Conclusion: In breast cancer women undergoing therapy, the prevalence of under nutrition was high. There were the effects of poor nutrition or undernutrition on clinical outcomes of breast cancer.

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Chang, Y. F., Y. C. Yu, and J. Tsai Lai. "The Impacts of Nutrition Education Programs on Cancer Survivors' Nutritional Status." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (October 1, 2018): 173s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.53800.

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Background and context: Since 1982, cancer has been the leading cause of death in Taiwan, claiming more than 40,000 lives each year. This not only caused huge medical expenses, but also affected the quality of life of patients and their families. However, many cancer survivors and their caregivers do not fully understand lifestyle advice, including nutrition and dietary behaviors, to lower the progression of the disease. Due to cancer and painstaking treatment, cancer patients often suffer from inadequate calories intake and serious body weight (BW) loss, which is highly related to malnutrition or cancer cachexia. After they leave the hospital, they still need nutritional guidance; therefore, the importance of providing nutrition services in the community should be emphasized. Aim: To help cancer survivors achieve better nutritional status by teaching them how to have adequate calories intakes and maintain BW that they're supposed to have better quality of life. Strategy/Tactics: (1) Cancer survivors with nutritional needs were referred from 66 cooperative cancer resources centers of hospitals nationwide. (2) Dietitians assess their nutritional conditions and provide nutritional guidance. (3) Deliver free nutritional supplements to the cancer survivors who are financially disadvantaged or have dysphagia problems. Program/Policy process: The registered dietitians conducted nutritional education through nutrition counseling and guidance. For those who are financially disadvantaged or have dysphagia problems, the 24-hour dietary recall and PG-SGA scale were used to assess the survivors' nutritional status, including BW and calories intake, then free nutritional supplements according to their needs and a regular follow-up to collect their BW and nutritional information changes after our interventions were done. Outcomes: From 2016 to 2017, a total of 434 of cancer survivors who have financial difficulties or dysphagia problems accepted the free nutritional supplements and nutritional guidance services. 178 survivors completed follow-up and collected nutritional information. 40.4% of them are head and neck cancers, 38.2% are digestive system-related cancers that were in poor eating conditions. After our interventions, 70.2% of these survivors can maintain or increase their BW with average BW 57.9 ± 12.8 kg; and 77.0% can maintain or increase the calories intake, which average increased from 1798 ± 252.5 kcal/day to 1541.6 ± 347.9 kcal/day. What was learned: We can effectively help cancer survivors achieve adequate calories intakes and maintain BW to prevent the occurrence of malnutrition by providing the services of nutritional supplements and nutritional guidance.

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Połubok, Joanna, Anna Malczewska, Małgorzata Rąpała, Jerzy Szymocha, Marta Kozicka, Katarzyna Dubieńska, Monika Duczek, Bernarda Kazanowska, and Ewa Barg. "Nutritional status at the moment of diagnosis in childhood cancer patients." Pediatric Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism 23, no. 2 (2017): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.18544/pedm-23.02.0077.

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Mittal, Kailash, Abhishek Bahadur Singh, and Nishu Bala. "Nutritional Status Assessment and Its Correlation with Performance Status in Head & Neck Cancer Patients." Indian Journal of Cancer Education and Research 5, no. 2 (2017): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijcer.2321.9815.5217.3.

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Wang, Rui, Hongfei Cai, Yang Li, Caiwen Chen, and Youbin Cui. "Impact Exerted by Nutritional Risk Screening on Clinical Outcome of Patients with Esophageal Cancer." BioMed Research International 2018 (2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7894084.

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Objective. Preoperative nutritional status of patients is closely associated with their recovery after the surgery. This study aims to ascertain the impact exerted by the nutritional risk screening on clinical outcome of patients with esophageal cancer. Methods. 160 patients with esophageal cancer aged over 60, having got therapy at the First Hospital of Jilin University from Jun 2016 to Feb 2017 were evaluated by adopting the NRS2002. 80 cases of patients got active therapy of nutritional support, and the other patients not supported nutritionally were selected as the control group. The comparison was drawn between two groups in serum albumin, serum immunoglobulin, postoperative complications, hospitalization, and hospitalization expenses. Results. For all the patients, in 3 and 7 days after the surgery, the serum albumin in the nutritionally supported group outstripped that in group without nutritional support (P<0.05) regardless of the nutritional risk. For the patients in the risk of nutrition, the IgA in the nutritionally supported group outstripped that of group without nutritional support (P<0.05) in 3 and 7 days before the surgery, and the serum IgG outstripped that of the group without nutritional support in 1 and 3 days before the surgery (P<0.05). In terms of the patients in the risk of nutrition, the average hospitalization of nutritionally supported group was shorter (P<0.05), and the average hospitalization expenses were lower compared with those of the group without nutritional support. And for the patients in no risk, the hospitalization expenses of supported group surmounted those of group without nutritional support (P<0.05), whereas the average hospitalization took on no statistic difference (P>0.05). Conclusion. For the patients in the risk of nutrition, preoperative nutritional support can facilitate the nutritional status and immunization-relative result after surgery, which shall also decrease the average hospitalization and hospitalization cost.

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Jager-Wittenaar, Harriët, and Faith D. Ottery. "Assessing nutritional status in cancer." Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care 20, no. 5 (September 2017): 322–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mco.0000000000000389.

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Wang, Rui, Hongfei Cai, and Youbin Cui. "RA10.03: IMPACT EXERTED BY NUTRITIONAL RISK SCREENING ON CLINICAL OUTCOME OF PATIENTS WITH ESOPHAGEAL CANCER." Diseases of the Esophagus 31, Supplement_1 (September 1, 2018): 42–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/dote/doy089.ra10.03.

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Abstract Background Preoperative nutritional status of patients is closely associated with their recovery after the surgery. This study aims to ascertain the impact exerted by the nutritional risk screening on clinical outcome of patients with esophageal cancer, to provide scientific determination of nutritional support for patients suffering from esophageal cancer. Methods 160 patients with esophageal cancer aged over 60, having got therapy at the First Hospital affiliated by Jilin University from Jun. 2016to Feb. 2017 were evaluated adopting the NRS2002. 80 cases of patients got active therapy of nutritional support, and the other patients not supported nutritionally were selected as the control group. The comparison was drawn between two groups in serum albumin, serum immunoglobulin, postoperative complications, hospitalization and hospitalization expenses. Experimental data were acquired through adopting t-test and χ2 test for statistical analysis. Results For all the patients, in 3 and7 days after the surgery, the serum albumin in the nutritionally supported group outstripped that in group without nutritional support (P < 0.05) regardless of the nutritional risk. For the patients in the risk of nutrition, the IgA in the nutritionally supported group outstripped that of group without nutritional support (P < 0.05) in 3 and 7 days before the surgery, and the serum IgG outstripped that of the group without nutritional support in 1 and 3 days before the surgery(P < 0.05). Two groups were not statistically different in the rate of postoperative complication (P > 0.05). In terms of the patients in the risk of nutrition, the average hospitalization of nutritionally supported group was shorter(P < 0.05), and the average hospitalization expenses were lower compared with those of the group without nutritional support. And for the patients in no risk, the hospitalization expenses of supported group surmounted those of group without nutritional support (P < 0.05), whereas the average hospitalization took on no statistic difference(P > 0.05). Conclusion For the patients in the risk of nutrition, preoperative nutritional support can facilitate the nutritional status and immunization-relative result after surgery, which shall also decrease the average hospitalization and hospitalization cost. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

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Zhang, Liyan, Yuhan Lu, and Yu Fang. "Nutritional status and related factors of patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer." British Journal of Nutrition 111, no. 7 (January 6, 2014): 1239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000711451300367x.

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The scored Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) is considered to be the most appropriate tool for detecting malnutrition in cancer patients. In particular, malignant tumours derived from the gastrointestinal tract may impair nutrient intake and absorption and cause malnutrition. We carried out a cross-sectional study to assess the nutritional status and related factors of patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Nutritional status was determined using the scored PG-SGA in patients (n 498) with advanced gastrointestinal cancer admitted to the Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology Unit at Beijing Cancer Hospital between 1 August 2012 and 28 February 2013. The possible related factors including age, sex, hospitalisation frequency and pathology were explored. We found that 98 % of the patients required nutrition intervention and 54 % of the patients required improved nutrition-related symptom management and/or urgent nutritional support (PG-SGA score ≥ 9). Factors related to malnutrition were age (r 0·103, P< 0·01), hospitalisation frequency (r − 0·196, P< 0·01) and sex (the prevalence of malnutrition was higher in men than in women (9·88 v. 8·54, P< 0·01)). Patients with rectal cancer had a lower risk of malnutrition than patients with other types of gastrointestinal cancer (F= 35·895, P< 0·01). More attention should be paid to the nutritional status of gastrointestinal patients, especially those at a higher risk of malnutrition, such as elderly patients, those hospitalised for the first time, male patients and those with other types of gastrointestinal cancer except rectal cancer. The nutritional status of these patients should be evaluated and they should be given proper nutrition education and nutritional support in a timely manner.

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Li, Hongli, Shaohua Ge, and Yi Ba. "Nutritional status and quality of life in patients with gastric cancer in China." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2017): e15508-e15508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.e15508.

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e15508 Background: The incidence of gastric cancer is much higher in China than in any other country. Although the overall survival rate of patients with gastric cancer has increased due to the advancements in multimodality management. However, significant morbidity, including loss of appetite, dysphagia, nausea, and vomiting is still associated with gastric cancer patients. These symptoms have a profound impact on nutritional status and quality of life in these patients. The primary objective of the present study was to assess the nutritional status and quality of life in gastric cancer patients. Methods: A preliminary assessment of patients’ nutritional status, quality of life, and medical characteristics was conducted using the Patient Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality of life (QOL-C30, version 3) questionnaires. The PG-SGA is a clinical nutrition assessment tool used to evaluate oncology patients. The nutritional status of the patients fell into three groups by a score of PG-SGA-A, -B, and C. Results: A preliminary assessment of patients’ nutritional status, quality of life, and medical characteristics was conducted using the Patient Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality of life (QOL-C30, version 3) questionnaires. The PG-SGA is a clinical nutrition assessment tool used to evaluate oncology patients. The nutritional status of the patients fell into three groups by a score of PG-SGA-A, -B, and C. Conclusions: These results suggest that the nutritional status of the patients with stomach cancer may impact on their QoL. It is necessary to develop nutritional intervention to improve QoL in gastric cancer patients.

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Gaynor, Edward P. T., and Peter B. Sullivan. "Nutritional status and nutritional management in children with cancer." Archives of Disease in Childhood 100, no. 12 (June 30, 2015): 1169–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2014-306941.

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Malnutrition is often seen at the point of diagnosis in childhood malignancy or may develop during the course of treatment. Strategies for optimal diagnosis and management of nutritional problems in children with cancer are limited in the published literature. Identification of children who may be malnourished or at nutritional risk can be achieved through improved approaches for risk stratification and classification. Once recognised, various strategies have been demonstrated to reduce malnutrition, minimise side effects of treatment and improve survival. Novel approaches in vivo and adult oncology populations provide future avenues for investigation.

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Balogun, Nyaladzi, Alastair Forbes, Martin Widschwendter, and Anne Lanceley. "Noninvasive Nutritional Management of Ovarian Cancer Patients: Beyond Intestinal Obstruction." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 22, no. 6 (July 2012): 1089–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/igc.0b013e318256e4d3.

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ObjectiveMalnutrition, suffered by more than 50% of patients with ovarian cancer during the course of their disease, significantly compromises the effectiveness of treatment, causes distress, and increases morbidity and mortality. This review outlines the nutritional challenges faced by women with ovarian cancer and evaluates the evidence base for current practice and possible opportunities for intervention in clinical settings.MethodsPubMed and MetaLib databases were searched for literature on nutrition and cancer/ovarian cancer using terms and truncations covering cancer, cachexia, mouse models, malnutrition, and nutrition intervention. MEDLINE and Cochrane databases were separately searched for interventional studies and clinical and randomized controlled trials published in English (UK/United States) that involved oral nutrition and/or supplementation/intervention in ovarian cancer patients.ResultsMalnutrition continues to be a significant challenge in ovarian cancer management despite significant improvement in treatment pathways and understanding of metabolic pathways and the role of inflammation. There is little evidence of studies designed to evaluate the impact of additional oral nutrients in this population. Seven studies found compared “early” versus “traditional” postoperative oral feeding after major gynecological/oncological surgery, and 1 study evaluated the impact of nutritional status on survival. The 7 studies found evidence of safety, tolerability, reduction in length of hospitalization, and rapid recovery after early feeding. There is no evidence of benefit of additional oral nutrients in this population.ConclusionsCurrent guidelines and protocols of nutritional management of ovarian cancer seem to be based on expert opinion. There is need for extensive collaborative evidence for nutritional management decisions made in the treatment of patients. Prospective cohort studies could help evaluate the impact of changes in nutritional status on health/nutritional outcomes, disease recurrence, quality of life, and survival. These would form a basis for well-designed, targeted, randomized controlled trials with specific and controlled nutrients/counseling aimed at preventing rather than treating nutritional complications.

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Liu, Xuechao, Haibo Qiu, Pengfei Kong, Zhiwei Zhou, and Xiaowei Sun. "Gastric cancer, nutritional status, and outcome." OncoTargets and Therapy Volume 10 (April 2017): 2107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/ott.s132432.

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Barr, Ronald D., and Brenda E. S. Gibson. "Nutritional Status and Cancer in Childhood." Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology 22, no. 6 (November 2000): 491–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00043426-200011000-00003.

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Alkan, A., D. Mizrak, and G. Utkan. "Nutritional Status of Hospitalized Cancer Patients." Annals of Oncology 25 (September 2014): iv535. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdu356.57.

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Susetyowati, Susetyowati, Retno Pangastuti, Sri Retna Dwidanarti, and Hanifah Wulandari. "Asupan makan, status gizi, dan kualitas hidup pasien kanker payudara di RSUP DR Sardjito Yogyakarta." Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia 14, no. 4 (April 30, 2018): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.18392.

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Background: Breast cancer is the fifth leading cause of death due to all the type of cancer and the second leading cause of death in developing country after lung cancer. The global incidents of this disease were 43%. The cancer cells have an ability to disturb the nutrients absorbtion in the body and give an effect of decreasing nutritional status, physical performance and quality of life.Objective: To show the relationship between nutrient intake, nutritional status and quality of life, breast cancer patients with radiotherapy at RSUP Dr Sardjito Yogyakarta.Method: This study was an observational study with cross sectional design. Total subject of this study were 85 respondents. Intake of energy, protein, fat and carbohydrate were measured using 1x24 hours food recall. Nutritional status were measured using patient-generated subjective global assessment (PG-SGA) questionnaire. Then the quality of life were measured using European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) questionnaire.Results: There were significant difference in the average intake of energy (p=0.013), protein (p=0.043) and fat (p=0.016) between severe malnourished, moderate malnourished and wellnourished patients, whereas the average intake of carbohydrate was not significant (p=0.070). The lower nutrition intake, the lower nutritional status. There was also significant difference in fat intake (p=0.035) and nutritional status based on PG-SGA (p=0.002) between patients with poor and good quality of life. Patients with poor quality of life had lower nutrition intake and nutritional status.Conclusion: Nutrient intake gave an effect to nutritional status and quality of life in breast cancer patient with radiotherapy.

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Moy, Ryan H., Shalom Sabwa, Steven Brad Maron, Marina Shcherba, Arlyn J. Apollo, Yelena Y. Janjigian, Geoffrey Yuyat Ku, William P. Tew, David H. Ilson, and Elizabeth Won. "A nutritional management algorithm in older patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): e16038-e16038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e16038.

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e16038 Background: Esophageal cancer primarily affects older adults, who are at highest risk for poor nutritional status due to medical comorbidities, physiological changes of aging and geriatric issues such as altered cognition and mobility. Malnutrition is correlated with poor outcomes in patients with esophageal cancer; however, standardized nutritional interventions are not commonly utilized. Therefore, we performed a feasibility study of a nutritional management algorithm with risk-based guidelines for older patients with esophageal cancer receiving chemoradiation (CRT). Methods: Elderly patients (age ≥ 65 years old) with locally advanced esophageal or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer receiving induction chemotherapy and preoperative or definitive CRT were eligible for enrollment on this single center study. Patients completed baseline nutritional assessment using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) screening scale, and patients who were at risk for malnutrition or malnourished were referred to a clinical dietician for evaluation and counseling. Nutritional status was reassessed after induction chemotherapy, and patients with severe malnutrition were to be referred for enteral feeding tube placement prior to CRT. The primary objective was to determine the feasibility of the nutritional management algorithm based on completion rates of nutritional assessment, clinical dietician referral and enteral feeding. Secondary endpoints included toxicity, functional status and quality of life assessment. Results: Twenty elderly patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer were enrolled, and fourteen patients met criteria for clinical dietitian referral based on poor baseline nutritional status. Induction chemotherapy was associated with improved dysphagia, with 92% of patients reporting improvement or resolution of symptoms. There were no patients who met criteria for enteral feeding prior to CRT based on the guidelines, and only one patient (5%) required feeding tube placement during CRT. In total, 17 patients (85%) completed the nutritional management algorithm and finished the planned treatment course. Rates of hospitalization, grade ≥2 esophagitis, grade ≥3 toxicity and early CRT discontinuation were similar between patients with normal and abnormal baseline nutrition. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that a risk-based nutritional management algorithm is feasible in elderly patients with esophageal cancer. The induction chemotherapy approach may ameliorate dysphagia, reduce the need for enteral feeding and facilitate CRT completion in this nutritionally vulnerable population. Clinical trial information: NCT02027948.

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Byun, Mikyong, Eunjung Kim, and Jieun Kim. "Physical and Mental Health Factors Associated with Poor Nutrition in Elderly Cancer Survivors: Insights from a Nationwide Survey." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 17 (September 3, 2021): 9313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179313.

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Elderly cancer survivors (patients with any stage of cancer or a history of cancer) are precious members of our society and they can be easily found in various types of surveys. As is well known, good nutrition is important in elderly people suffering from cancer. Proper nutritional evaluation and intervention not only improves their quality of life but also helps them to receive adequate treatment, thereby prolonging individual survival and reducing social healthcare costs. In this study, we retrieved elderly cancer survivors from national survey data and assessed their nutritional status as good or bad. Then, we described the individual, physical, and mental health factors between people with good and bad nutrition. Physical and psychological variables associated with poor nutritional status were evaluated through regression analysis. We investigated data from the 2017 National Survey of Older Persons, and cancer patients aged 65 years or over were eligible. A total of 360 adults were enrolled and more than half (57.2%, n = 206) were in a poor nutritional status. We applied individual variable-adjusted statistical models and discovered that limited instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) (OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.08–4.28) and poor subjective health status (OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.00–3.02) were significantly associated with poor nutrition on logistic regression. Our research findings suggested that IADL and self-rated health status needed to be addressed in old cancer survivors at nutritional risk. The early recognition and management of nutrition in these populations might help them to live longer and have a better quality of life, eventually reducing socioeconomic burdens.

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Jotwani, Amit Kumar, Krishna Priya NG, Arun AK, and Rashie Jain. "Evaluation of telehealth based nutrition counselling to improve dietary compliance and nutritional status of cancer patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): e13619-e13619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e13619.

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e13619 Background: According to published literature, regardless of the cancer type, the overall prevalence of malnutrition in cancer is about 40% (range 30%-70%). Malnutrition is known to adversely affect the treatment compliance, quality of life and survival outcomes for cancer patients. Onco.com provides telehealth based nutrition care support (NCS) as a part of cancer care management program. We sought to evaluate impact of telehealth based nutrition counselling on diet compliance and overall nutritional status of patients. Methods: NCS includes virtual nutrition screening, nutrition diagnosis and nutrition intervention. Virtual nutrition screening was done using modified patient generated subjective global assessment (PG-SGA) tool developed by Ottery. An initial nutrition screening was initially performed for 165 patients. After nutrition screening, patients were divided as malnourished (category 1- 47%), nutritionally at risk (category 2- 34%) and well nourished (category 3- 19%). Patients in category 1 & 2 were analysed for the purpose of study. Diet counselling and customized diet plans were provided to the patients between the age group of 12 to 83 years for a period of 3 months from October to December 2020. On follow up, 24 hour diet recall method and food frequency method were used to assess the compliance to the diet plan. One day prior 24 hour diet recall and food frequency method for two weeks was used to analyse the adherence to the plan. If the patient consumed ≥75% of the recommended diet for a minimum of 5 days in a week, he/she was considered a ‘compliant’, while those who consumed < 75% of the recommended diet were considered to be ‘non-compliant’. Data on body weight and performance status (PS) was documented during follow up to track changes. Results: Of 134 study participants, 35.1% were in the early (I & II) stage, 38.7 % were in the locally advanced (III) stage, 21.2 % were in the metastatic stage, and 4.8 % were in the recurrent stage of disease. After 3 months of initiation of the nutrition counselling, 40% of the patients had gained weight, whereas 38% could maintain the body weight and 22 % had lost weight. Change in physical activity, appetite, management of side effects after diet plan initiation were also assessed during the reassessment calls. Overall, 67% patients showed improvement in diet compliance across all stages of disease. Majority of dietary non-compliance was noted in patients with head and neck, upper GI cancers or those with poor PS. Conclusions: Telehealth based nutritional counselling is an effective tool to help cancer patients achieve better diet compliance and nutrition outcomes across all stages of disease. Dietary non-compliance in head and neck cancers and upper gastrointestinal cancers or poos PS could correlate with difficulty in oral intake. Getting accurate information could be one of the challenges in virtual mode of counselling.

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Radeva, Nikolina, Hristianna Romanova, and Maria Panteleeva. "Nutrition, nutritional status and cancer of disabled people from Varna." Varna Medical Forum 8, no. 2 (June 19, 2019): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.14748/vmf.v8i2.5929.

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Cotogni, Paolo, Riccardo Caccialanza, Paolo Pedrazzoli, Federico Bozzetti, and Antonella De Francesco. "Monitoring Response to Home Parenteral Nutrition in Adult Cancer Patients." Healthcare 8, no. 2 (June 23, 2020): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8020183.

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Current guidelines recommend home parenteral nutrition (HPN) for cancer patients with chronic deficiencies of dietary intake or absorption when enteral nutrition is not adequate or feasible in suitable patients. HPN has been shown to slow down progressive weight loss and improve nutritional status, but limited information is available on the monitoring practice of cancer patients on HPN. Clinical management of these patients based only on nutritional status is incomplete. Moreover, some commonly used clinical parameters to monitor patients (weight loss, body weight, body mass index, and oral food intake) do not accurately reflect patient’s body composition, while bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a validated tool to properly assess nutritional status on a regular basis. Therefore, patient’s monitoring should rely on other affordable indicators such as Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) and modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS) to also assess patient’s functional status and prognosis. Finally, catheter-related complications and quality of life represent crucial issues to be monitored over time. The purpose of this narrative review is to describe the role and relevance of monitoring cancer patients on HPN, regardless of whether they are receiving anticancer treatments. These practical tips may be clinically useful to better guide healthcare providers in the nutritional care of these patients.

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Vettori, Josiane Cheli, Andre Filipe Junqueira Santos, and Fernanda Maris Peria. "Advanced cancer." Medicina (Ribeirao Preto. Online) 51, no. 3 (November 22, 2018): 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7262.v51i3p167-176.

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Background: Cancer patients usually require palliative care. One of the reasons for this is malnutrition, which is common in these patients, affecting their prognosis and quality of life. Data on nutritional care in palliative care are still scarce. Objective: To characterize the diagnosis and nutritional care in palliative care cancer patients hospitalized in a public health setting. Methods: Descriptive retrospective cohort study on clinical, laboratory, and nutritional data obtained from medical records of cancer patients in palliative care. Results: A total of 128 admissions of cancer patients in palliative care were analyzed. Main primary cancer sites were in digestive, urologic and pulmonary systems. Mean age was 64.3±16.6 years. Patients were clinically and nutritionally compromised – mean performance status of 17.77±7.15, hemoglobin 9.6±2.37U/dL, albumin 2.64±0.64g/dL, C-reactive protein 125.37±68.37ml/L, and 60.8% of malnutrition (mean BMI of 20.19±5.57kg/m2). Oral route was the main route of administration (62.5%) and analysis of agreement revealed nutritional provision in excess of estimated daily requirements. No association was found between fasting condition, hospitalization outcome (death) and nutritional diagnosis (p=0.51). Conclusions: These cancer patients received palliative care just at the end stage of life, when most of them were malnourished, symptomatic, without specific oncologic treatment, and with a poor performance status. There was a preference for oral nutritional therapy, however, energy and protein supply were higher than the estimated nutritional requirements. The realization of fasting during hospitalization in the moments before death was not associated with the patient’s outcome.

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Han, Wee Meng, Jasly YS Koo, Yan Yin Lim, Prasad Iyer, Chengsi Ong, Jasper WK Tong, and Mei Yoke Chan. "Implementation of a nutrition screening tool to improve nutritional status of children with cancer in Singapore’s largest paediatric hospital." BMJ Open Quality 10, no. 1 (March 2021): e000944. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjoq-2020-000944.

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Poor nutritional status in children with cancer can impact treatment outcomes and mortality. Nutrition screening is a simple yet effective approach to identify malnutrition risk for early intervention. We aim to improve the identification of children with cancer at high risk of malnutrition, so that nutritional intervention and rehabilitation can commence early for these children. Our multidisciplinary team conducted a root cause analysis and concluded that the generic screening tool did not differentiate malnutrition risk for different cancer types, stage and intensity of treatment. Hence, a screening tool that considered the identified factors was tested for reliability and validity first. Subsequently, we used the Plan, Do, Study, Act model with two improvement cycles to put in place a systematic process to facilitate the implementation. The interventions included (1) instituting the tool in the electronic medical records and (2) direct referral to dietitian based on screening score.We compared pre- and post-implementation cohorts and demonstrated better identification of nutritionally at-risk patients (36.4%–85.7%, p<0.001) with the new tool as well as improved timeliness of nutritional intervention (3 days to 1 day from admission, p=0.010). A lower malnutrition rate (17.4%–6.5%, p<0.001) in the postimplementation cohort was also demonstrated. Nutritional intervention within 48 hours of admission led to an overall positive weight change at 3 months (+2.68%, IQR: −1.14 to 9.09 vs −0.43%, −6.60 to 2.29; p=0.036) in the malnourished patients from both cohorts. Further studies will be conducted to evaluate the scale of the effectiveness of early intervention and close nutritional monitoring, in improving the nutritional status of children with cancer. The collaborative partnership among the doctors, nurses and dietitians has helped to streamline and simplify nutrition screening, making it an efficient and sustainable system in our hospital.

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Wang, Bei, Xiaowen Jiang, Dalong Tian, and Wei Geng. "Enteral nutritional support in patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy for esophageal carcinoma." Future Oncology 16, no. 35 (December 2020): 2949–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/fon-2020-0181.

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Esophageal cancer patients are at a high risk of malnutrition. Both the disease itself and chemoradiotherapy will lead to the deterioration of nutritional status. The development of nutritional oncology promotes the application of enteral nutrition in tumor patients. Through nutritional support, prognosis is improved and the incidence of adverse chemoradiotherapy reactions is reduced, especially in those with head and neck or esophageal cancer. This review summarizes enteral nutritional support in esophageal cancer patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy in recent years, including a selection of nutritional assessment tools, the causes and consequences of malnutrition in esophageal cancer patients, types of access and effects of enteral nutrition. More patients with esophageal cancer will benefit from the development of enteral nutrition technology in the future.

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Clarke, Stephen John, and Cindy Tan. "Use of inflammatory markers to triage cancer patients requiring nutritional assessment and interventions." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2013): e17541-e17541. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.e17541.

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e17541 Background: Nutritional status impacts on the outcomes of cancer treatment ( http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/supportivecare/nutrition/ HealthProfessional ). Nutrition is a concern of cancer patients. Many centres lack the resources to undertake formal nutritional assessments on cancer patients. Inflammatory markers have been shown to correlate with nutritional status and cancer treatment outcomes. The NLR is the ratio of the neutrophil and lymphocyte counts in a full blood count (FBC). Our aim was to determine if the NLR can be used to identify cancer patients needing nutritional assessment and intervention. Methods: A prospective observational study evaluated sequential new patients attending a cancer centre. All were assessed for nutritional status using the patient generated scored global assessment (PGSGA) tool and categorized as A (well nourished), or B/C (malnourished). A FBC was done in the week prior to treatment. Receiver operation characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine optimal cut-points for NLR to predict malnutrition. Results: 234 patients were enrolled - 112 had advanced cancer. The median age was 60 years (range 25-83), 108 (46%) were male and 101 (43%) were malnourished at baseline. The mean NLR was higher in malnourished patients (4.1 vs 2.5 – p<0.001), however this was due to differences in advanced cancer patients. The optimal cut point for NLR in all patients to predict malnutrition was 5.0 (4.3 in advanced patients). In advanced patients, an NLR ≥4.3 had a sensitivity and specificity for malnutrition of 42.2% (95% CI 30.1-54.3) and 97.9% (95% CI 88.9-99.9), respectively, producing a positive predictive value of 0.96 (95% CI-0.82-1.00). Thus, NLR while strongly correlated with malnutrition is not sensitive enough alone to be used to identify malnourished cancer patients. However, as >98% of patients with a raised NLR had malnutrition, the NLR could be used to triage patients for nutritional assessment and thereby reduce the workload for clinical dieticians. Conclusions: The NLR is a useful indicator of nutritional status, which when elevated is specific for malnutrition. A low NLR should be reassuring in regard to nutritional status in advanced cancer patients.

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Muscaritoli, Maurizio, Jann Arends, and Matti Aapro. "From guidelines to clinical practice: a roadmap for oncologists for nutrition therapy for cancer patients." Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology 11 (January 2019): 175883591988008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1758835919880084.

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Tackling malnutrition in cancer patients remains one of the most challenging tasks in clinical practice. Even though robust evidence exists stressing the role of nutritional status in relation to treatment outcome, its appropriate consideration in clinical practice is often lacking. In this review, we discuss the significance of nutritional status and of malnutrition for the cancer patient. Drawn from experience and from current recommendations of the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN), we propose concrete and manageable steps to routinely incorporate nutritional aspects in today’s oncological clinical practice.

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Fujiya, Keiichi, Taiichi Kawamura, Katsuhiro Omae, Noriyuki Nishiwaki, Sanae Kaji, Makoto Hikage, Rie Makuuchi, et al. "Post-gastrectomy nutrition risk index can be a good predictive factor for survival." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2017): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.4_suppl.101.

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101 Background: Preoperative malnutrition worsens morbidity and survival, however the role of post-gastrectomy nutritional status in survival remains unclear. The nutrition risk index (NRI) described by Buzby is a scoring system for identifying patients with preoperative poor nutrition status. However, the significance of NRI in evaluating post-gastrectomy nutritional status has not yet been established. Therefore, we aimed to clarify whether malnutrition condition evaluated by NRI after surgery can be a predictive factor for long-term survival in patients with gastric cancer. Methods: Pathological stage I, II, and III gastric cancer patients who underwent curative gastrectomy between 2002 and 2013 were included in this study. NRI was calculated using the following formula; (1.489 × serum albumin, g/L) + (41.7 × current weight/usual weight), and we defined an NRI of above 97.5 as normal nutrition (N group) and 97.5 or below as malnutrition (M group). NRI was evaluated before gastrectomy and 1, 3 and 12 months after gastrectomy. The correlations of clinicopathological characteristics, surgical treatment and overall survival, with nutritional status were retrospectively evaluated. Results: A total of 2552 patients were enrolled. There were significant differences in age, sex, body mass index, performance status, co-morbidity, histology and malignant stage between the groups before gastrectomy. Overall survival in the M group was significantly poorer, both before gastrectomy (adjusted HR 1.31; p < 0.001) and at 1 month (adjusted HR 1.52; p < 0.001), 3 months (adjusted HR 1.35; p = 0.004) and 12 months (adjusted HR 1.37; p = 0.006) after gastrectomy. In multivariate analysis, low NRI at 12 months after gastrectomy, age, co-morbidity and malignant stage were independently associated with overall survival. Overall survival in patients who fulfilled preoperative normal nutrition status criteria was also significantly poorer at 12 months after gastrectomy in the M group. Conclusions: Malnutrition after surgery, as well as before surgery, had a significant impact on overall survival. Postoperative nutritional statue evaluated by NRI may be a good predictive marker for long-term survival.

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Talwar, B., R. Donnelly, R. Skelly, and M. Donaldson. "Nutritional management in head and neck cancer: United Kingdom National Multidisciplinary Guidelines." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 130, S2 (May 2016): S32—S40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215116000402.

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AbstractNutritional support and intervention is an integral component of head and neck cancer management. Patients can be malnourished at presentation, and the majority of patients undergoing treatment for head and neck cancer will need nutritional support. This paper summarises aspects of nutritional considerations for this patient group and provides recommendations for the practising clinician.Recommendations• A specialist dietitian should be part of the multidisciplinary team for treating head and neck cancer patients throughout the continuum of care as frequent dietetic contact has been shown to have enhanced outcomes. (R)• Patients with head and neck cancer should be nutritionally screened using a validated screening tool at diagnosis and then repeated at intervals through each stage of treatment. (R)• Patients at high risk should be referred to the dietitian for early intervention. (R)• Offer treatment for malnutrition and appropriate nutrition support without delay given the adverse impact on clinical, patient reported and financial outcomes. (R)• Use a validated nutrition assessment tool (e.g. scored Patient Generated–Subjective Global Assessment or Subjective Global Assessment) to assess nutritional status. (R)• Offer pre-treatment assessment prior to any treatment as intervention aims to improve, maintain or reduce decline in nutritional status of head and neck cancer patients who have malnutrition or are at risk of malnutrition. (G)• Patients identified as well-nourished at baseline but whose treatment may impact on their future nutritional status should receive dietetic assessment and intervention at any stage of the pathway. (G)• Aim for energy intakes of at least 30 kcal/kg/day. As energy requirements may be elevated post-operatively, monitor weight and adjust intake as required. (R)• Aim for energy and protein intakes of at least 30 kcal/kg/day and 1.2 g protein/kg/day in patients receiving radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. Patients should have their weight and nutritional intake monitored regularly to determine whether their energy requirements are being met. (R)• Perform nutritional assessment of cancer patients frequently. (G)• Initiate nutritional intervention early when deficits are detected. (G)• Integrate measures to modulate cancer cachexia changes into the nutritional management. (G)• Start nutritional therapy if undernutrition already exists or if it is anticipated that the patient will be unable to eat for more than 7 days. Enteral nutrition should also be started if an inadequate food intake (60 per cent of estimated energy expenditure) is anticipated for more than 10 days. (R)• Use standard polymeric feed. (G)• Consider gastrostomy insertion if long-term tube feeding is necessary (greater than four weeks). (R)• Monitor nutritional parameters regularly throughout the patient's cancer journey. (G)• Pre-operative:○ Patients with severe nutritional risk should receive nutrition support for 10–14 days prior to major surgery even if surgery has to be delayed. (R)○ Consider carbohydrate loading in patients undergoing head and neck surgery. (R)• Post-operative:○ Initiate tube feeding within 24 hours of surgery. (R)○ Consider early oral feeding after primary laryngectomy. (R)• Chyle Leak:○ Confirm chyle leak by analysis of drainage fluid for triglycerides and chylomicrons. (R)○ Commence nutritional intervention with fat free or medium chain triglyceride nutritional supplements either orally or via a feeding tube. (R)○ Consider parenteral nutrition in severe cases when drainage volume is consistently high. (G)• Weekly dietetic intervention is offered for all patients undergoing radiotherapy treatment to prevent weight loss, increase intake and reduce treatments interruptions. (R)• Offer prophylactic tube feeding as part of locally agreed guidelines, where oral nutrition is inadequate. (R)• Offer nutritional intervention (dietary counselling and/or supplements) for up to three months after treatment. (R)• Patients who have completed their rehabilitation and are disease free should be offered healthy eating advice as part of a health and wellbeing clinic. (G)• Quality of life parameters including nutritional and swallowing, should be measured at diagnosis and at regular intervals post-treatment. (G)

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Bail, Jennifer, Karen Meneses, and Wendy Demark-Wahnefried. "Nutritional Status and Diet in Cancer Prevention." Seminars in Oncology Nursing 32, no. 3 (August 2016): 206–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soncn.2016.05.004.

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Singh, Gurpreet, and N. N. Khanna. "Nutritional status in advanced upper gastrointestinal cancer." Journal of Surgical Oncology 29, no. 4 (August 1985): 269–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jso.2930290417.

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Burden, S. T., J. Hill, J. L. Shaffer, and C. Todd. "Nutritional status of preoperative colorectal cancer patients." Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics 23, no. 4 (February 15, 2010): 402–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-277x.2010.01070.x.

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Hopanci, D. B., R. Uslu, S. C. Guney, and A. Coker. "Pancreas cancer, nutritional status, QoL and survival." HPB 20 (September 2018): S640. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hpb.2018.06.2238.

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Kim, Eun Kyung, Young Hee Yang, and Smi Choi-Kwon. "Nutritional Status of Cancer Patients upon Admission." Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 29, no. 2 (1999): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.4040/jkan.1999.29.2.271.

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van Wayenburg, Caroline, Ellen Rasmussen-Conrad, Manon van den Berg, Matthias Merkx, Wija van Staveren, Chris van Weel, and Jaap van Binsbergen. "Weight loss in head and neck cancer patients little noticed in general practice." Journal of Primary Health Care 2, no. 1 (2010): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc10016.

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INTRODUCTION: In head and neck cancer patients, weight loss increases morbidity and mortality, and decreases treatment tolerance and quality of life. Early nutritional intervention has beneficial effects on these factors. AIM: We observed patients weight courses after specialists care and surveyed nutrition-related documentation by general practitioners (GPs). METHODS: From a Head and Neck Oncology Centre (HNOC) study, 68 patients were asked to participate in an extended general practice cohort. Twenty-six patients participated in the prospective three-monthly weight measurements during the year after HNOC care. We extracted nutritional information contained in referral letters (n=24) and medical records from the year before referral (n=45) and after HNOC care (n=26). An impaired nutritional status was assigned to weight loss =10% within six months or Body Mass Index (BMI) <18.5 kg/m2 and at risk to weight loss =5% but <10% within six months. RESULTS: Three (12%) participants were nutritionally impaired and two (8%) were deemed at risk. Although GPs suspected a (pre-) malignancy in 11 cases (46%), only two (8%) documented weight loss or BMI and four (17%) nutrition-related complaints in their referral letters. Medical records more often contained information on nutrition-related complaints and tube feeding later in the disease course, as opposed to concern over weight loss or BMI. DISCUSSION: Therefore, we call for nutritional management in general practice, by urging practitioners to assess patients nutritional status throughout the disease course and intervene if necessary. The passing on of related information in case of referral promotes continuity of care. KEYWORDS: Humans; follow-up studies; weight loss; cachexia; family practice; head and neck neoplasms

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Tirelli, M. E., A. M. Misotti, E. Merelli, I. Cremonesi, B. Tamburelli, and A. Mascheroni. "NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF CANCER PATIENTS AT FIRST ACCESS TO NUTRITION SERVICE." Nutrition 65 (September 2019): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2019.08.020.

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Wei, J., J. Wu, L. Meng, B. Zhu, H. Wang, Y. Xin, Y. Chen, et al. "Effects of early nutritional intervention on oral mucositis in patients with radiotherapy for head and neck cancer." QJM: An International Journal of Medicine 113, no. 1 (August 20, 2019): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcz222.

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Summary Background To observe the effect of early nutritional intervention on radiation-induced oral mucositis and nutritional status in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). Methods A total of 54 HNC patients were divided into early (28 cases) and late (26 cases) nutritional intervention groups. The early group received enteral nutrition at the beginning of radiotherapy (RT), while the late group received enteral nutrition after restricted feeding. Operators reported and assessed the timing and extent of oral mucositis and nutritional status during treatment. The nutritional status assessment indicators included body weight; body mass index (BMI); Patient-Generated–Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) score; levels of albumin, hemoglobin and pre-albumin and total lymphocyte count. Results The incidence of high-grade oral mucositis was significantly lower in the early group than that in the late group (P < 0.05). Nutritional status assessments showed more significant weight and BMI losses in the late group than in the early group at weeks 4 and 7 after RT (P < 0.01). The albumin decreased in the late group at week 7 after RT was more significant than that in the early group (P < 0.05). Albumin, hemoglobin and pre-albumin levels and total lymphocyte count decreased significantly in both groups (P > 0.05). During therapy, more patients in the early group were well-nourished and fewer were malnourished according to PG-SGA scores (P < 0.05). Conclusion Early nutritional intervention can reduce the incidence of high-grade oral mucositis during RT in patients with HNC and improve the nutritional status during treatment, which has important clinical significance.

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Akhtar, Parveen Shahida, Nazreena Khatun, Rahnuma Parveen, Rafiqul Islam, and Ferdous Ara. "Nutritional Support Improves Outcome in Patients with Lung Cancer Cachexia Receiving Chemotherapy." Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeons 37, no. 2 (March 13, 2019): 66–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v37i2.40562.

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Background: Malnutrition is a frequent complication in patients with advanced staged lung cancer and can negatively affect the outcome of treatments. Lack of knowledge about nutrition, complications of disease and side effects of anticancer therapies can also lead to inadequate nutrient intake and subsequent malnutrition. Nutritional status is a strong predictor of quality of life in cancer patients. Objective: To get the effect of the nutritional intervention on outcome of dietary intake, body composition, nutritional status, functional capacity and quality of life in patients with lung cancer cachexia receiving chemotherapy. Patients and Methods: This 6 months study included the lung cancer patients who were interviewed with clinical assessment. Nutritional score of each patient was recorded. Individualized management plan with nutritional intervention was given and nutritional counseling was done by a nutritionist every week. Chemotherapy ± radiotherapy was given. Every patient was followed up at 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 6th week and was assessed regarding symptoms, clinical findings, nutritional score and radiological status. Results: Total 628 lung cancer patients with 523 (83%) males and 105 (17%) females (Male: female 4.98:1) were enrolled. Mean age was 56.88 years. Two thirds of them were illiterate. Around 90% came from poor and below average socioeconomic group. More than 95% male and >66% female were tobacco users in different forms. On assessing nutritional score, almost all were with high risk score (95%). About 80% presented with WHO performance status at 2 and 3. About 61% patients got treatment after hospitalization. Following nutritional intervention along with supportive, symptomatic, treatment of comorbid diseases and anti-cancer treatment, the result showed that mean nutritional score at 1st and 2nd week were 8.24 and 6.63 (high risk), at 3rd and 6th week were 5.46 and 4.34 (Intermediate risk). There was a significant effect for time (p<.001). Symptomatic improvement occurred in 60% of the patients. Conclusion: Nutritional intervention improves nutritional score if the other treatment like supportive, symptomatic, comorbid condition and anticancer treatment could be applied adequately. J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2019; 37(2): 66-71

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Polański, Jacek, Mariusz Chabowski, Natalia Świątoniowska-Lonc, Krzysztof Dudek, Beata Jankowska-Polańska, Jan Zabierowski, and Grzegorz Mazur. "Relationship between Nutritional Status and Clinical Outcome in Patients Treated for Lung Cancer." Nutrients 13, no. 10 (September 23, 2021): 3332. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13103332.

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Background. Between 34.5% and 69% of the patients with lung cancer are at risk of malnutrition. Quality of life (QoL) and physical status assessment provides valuable prognostic data on lung cancer patients. Malnutrition is a prognostic parameter for clinical outcome. Therefore, the identification of significant factors affecting the clinical outcome and QoL is important. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between nutritional status and outcome, i.e., overall survival, time to tumor progression, and QoL, in lung cancer patients. Materials and methods. We performed a systematic search of the Pubmed/MEDLINE databases per the Cochrane guidelines to conduct a meta-analysis consistent with the PRISMA statement, using the following keywords: “lung cancer,” “malnutrition,” “nutrition,” “quality of life,” “well-being,” “health-related quality of life,” and “outcome.” Out of the 96 papers identified, 12 were included in our meta-analysis. Results. Our meta-analysis shows that patients with a good nutritional status have a better QoL than malnourished patients in the following functioning domains: physical (g = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.19 to 1.46, p < 0.001), role (g = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.31 to 1.59, p < 0.001), emotional (g = 1.10, 95% CI = 0.97 to 1.24, p < 0.001), cognitive (g = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.76 to 1.06, p < 0.001), and social (g = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.27 to 1.56, p < 0.001). The risk of death was significantly higher in malnourished than in well-nourished patients (HR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.25 to 1.86, p < 0.001). Nutritional status was significantly associated with survival, indicating that patients with a poorer nutritional status are at more risk of relapse. Conclusions. Nutritional status is a significant clinical and prognostic parameter in the assessment of lung cancer treatment. Malnutrition is associated with poorer outcome in terms of overall survival, time to tumor progression, and QoL in patients treated for lung cancer.

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Viana, Eduarda Cristina Rodrigues de Morais, Isadora da Silva Oliveira, Ana Beatriz Rechinelli, Isabele Lessa Marques, Vanusa Felício de Souza, Maria Cláudia Bernardes Spexoto, Taísa Sabrina Silva Pereira, and Valdete Regina Guandalini. "Malnutrition and nutrition impact symptoms (NIS) in surgical patients with cancer." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (December 15, 2020): e0241305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241305.

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Background and aim Nutrition impact symptoms (NIS) are common in cancer patients and the negative impacts on nutritional status indicate the need for research, diagnosis and nutritional intervention in order to reduce the risk of malnutrition. We aimed to verify the presence of malnutrition, the need for nutritional intervention, NIS and their influence on the nutritional status of surgical patients with cancer. Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out in a public tertiary hospital, from March 2017 to October 2019. Nutritional status, the need for nutritional intervention and NIS were assessed through the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) in the first 48 hours of hospital admission. Results Among the 135 patients evaluated, 55.6% were elderly and 51.1% were male; patients had a median age of 62 years and a predominance of cancer located in the lower gastrointestinal tract (35.6%). Malnutrition and the need for nutritional intervention were identified in 60.0% and 90.4% of cases, respectively. The presence of three or more NIS was reported by 51.9% of patients. Significant differences in NIS were observed according to sex, PG-SGA classification and PG-SGA score. After logistic regression analysis, it was determined that the symptoms that increased the chances of malnutrition were anorexia, constipation, strange taste, mouth sores and others (depression, dental or financial problems). Conclusion Malnutrition, the need for nutritional intervention and the presence of three or more NIS were elevated in the patients evaluated. Malnutrition was associated with the presence of NIS, indicating the need for attention and care in antineoplastic treatment.

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Neoh, May Kay, Zalina Abu Zaid, Zulfitri Azuan Mat Daud, Nor Baizura Md. Yusop, Zuriati Ibrahim, Zuwariah Abdul Rahman, and Norshariza Jamhuri. "Changes in Nutrition Impact Symptoms, Nutritional and Functional Status during Head and Neck Cancer Treatment." Nutrients 12, no. 5 (April 26, 2020): 1225. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12051225.

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Background: The purpose of this study is to evaluate changes in nutrition impact symptoms (NIS) and nutritional and functional status that occur throughout radiotherapy in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients. Methods: A prospective observational study of HNC inpatients who underwent radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy were recruited to participate. Fifty patients were followed for the periods before, in the middle and at the end of radiotherapy. Nutritional parameters were collected throughout radiotherapy. Results: According to Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA), there was an increase from a baseline of 56% malnourished HNC patients to 100% malnourished with mean weight loss of 4.53 ± 0.41kg (7.39%) at the end of radiotherapy. Nutritional parameters such as muscle mass, fat mass, body mass index, dietary energy and protein intake decrease significantly (p < 0.0001) while NIS score, energy and protein intake from oral nutritional supplements (ONS) increased significantly (p < 0.0001). Hand grip strength did not differ significantly. All HNC patients experienced taste changes and dry mouth that required ONS at the end of treatment. ONS compliance affected the percentage of weight loss (p = 0.013). Conclusions: The intensive nutritional care time point was the middle of RT. The PG-SGA and NIS checklist are useful for monitoring nutrition for HNC patients.

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Tashiro, Mitsuru, Suguru Yamada, Tsutomu Fujii, Norifumi Hattori, Hideki Takami, Masaya Suenaga, Yukiko Niwa, et al. "Clinical implication of nutrition for neoadjuvant therapy and impact of nutritional support in pancreatic cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2018): 416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2018.36.4_suppl.416.

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416 Background: Several studies have shown that nutritional support is important to reduce chemotherapy-related toxicities and improve tolerance to chemotherapy, but little is known about the nutritional influence of neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) for pancreatic cancer. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of NAT on nutritional status and the effectiveness of postoperative nutritional support in patients with NAT for pancreatic cancer. Methods: Between 2010 and 2017, 169 consecutive patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy of pancreatic cancer were enrolled, and divided into the neoadjuvant group (NAG, n = 70) and the control group (CG, n = 99). We assessed the change of nutritional index (body weight, albumin and rapid turnover proteins; retinol binding protein, prealbumin and transferrin), inflammatory index, and inflammation-based prognostic scores during NAT. Perioperative change of rapid turnover proteins at the point of pre-operation, postoperative day (POD) 5, POD12 and POD21, and perioperative and oncological outcomes between NAG and CG were evaluated. Finally, we divided NAG into nutrition group (n = 27) who received postoperative enteral immunonutrition from POD 1 to POD 21 and without nutrition group (n = 41), and compared perioperative change of rapid turnover proteins between two groups. Results: After NAT, the retinol binding protein, prealbumin, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, platelet to lymphocyte ratio and prognostic nutrition index significantly got worse in NAG (P < 0.05). The recovery of rapid turnover proteins after POD5 was significantly worse in NAG compared to CG (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications and time to adjuvant therapy between two groups. The recovery of retinol binding protein and prealbumin after POD12 was significantly better in nutrition group compared to without nutrition group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: NAT for pancreatic cancer could decrease nutritional status and its postoperative recovery. Postoperative enteral nutrition could be effective in patients with NAT for pancreatic cancer. Based on these results, we plan to perform the nutritional support at earlier stage of therapy.

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Krishna Priya, N. G., and Shalini Chakraborty. "Dietary Counselling Using Nutrition Care Process Pathway in Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy and/or Radiotherapy Improves Nutritional Status, Quality of Life and Patient Experience Compared with Standard Practice - A Randomized Controlled Single Cen." Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics 57, no. 1 (January 3, 2020): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21048/ijnd.2020.57.1.23999.

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<p>To determine the impact of Intensive Dietary Counselling (IDC) using Nutrition Care Process (NCP) pathway compared with standard practice (general nutrition advice of foods taken ad libitum) on nutritional status and Quality of Life (QoL) in patients receiving chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. The patient satisfaction with the IDC model was assessed. This prospective, randomized, controlled trial included 150 adult patients undergoing chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy at Cytecare Cancer Hospitals, Bengaluru. Patients were randomized to receive either dietary counselling using NCP pathway (n=80) or standard practice (n=70). Outcome measures were QoL assessed using European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire C-30 and nutritional status was assessed using Subjective Global Assessment at baseline and after 12 weeks of starting treatment. Patient experience was recorded using organizational patient satisfaction survey tool. The dietary counselling group showed improved QoL compared with the standard practice group at the end of 12 weeks of starting treatment (p<0.01). The body weight and nutritional status significantly improved in the group that received dietary counselling using the NCP pathway compared with standard practice (p<0.01). The dietary counselling group also reported higher patient satisfaction with the nutrition intervention compared with standard practice. Dietary counselling following the nutrition care process pathway result in significant difference in the QoL and nutritional status compared with standard practice in patients undergoing cancer treatment. Nutrition intervention using this model also increased the patient experience.</p>

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Shim, Hongjin, Jae Ho Cheong, Kang Young Lee, Hosun Lee, Jae Gil Lee, and Sung Hoon Noh. "Perioperative Nutritional Status Changes in Gastrointestinal Cancer Patients." Yonsei Medical Journal 54, no. 6 (2013): 1370. http://dx.doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2013.54.6.1370.

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Ravasco, P., C. Cruz, M. Chaves, I. Monteiro Grillo, and M. Camilo. "P111 NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN CANCER: DIVERSE AND CHALLENGING?" Clinical Nutrition Supplements 4, no. 2 (January 2009): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1744-1161(09)70161-9.

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Su, L. Joseph, and Lenore Arab. "Nutritional Status of Folate and Colon Cancer Risk." Annals of Epidemiology 11, no. 1 (January 2001): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1047-2797(00)00188-5.

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Alvarenga, F., M. Martín, M. López, A. Marín, O. Leaman, O. Liñan, A. Mancha, and L. Cerezo. "Assessment of nutritional status in hospitalized cancer patients." Reports of Practical Oncology & Radiotherapy 18 (June 2013): S362. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rpor.2013.03.581.

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Jagoe, R. Thomas, Timothy H. J. Goodship, and G. John Gibson. "Nutritional status of patients undergoing lung cancer operations." Annals of Thoracic Surgery 71, no. 3 (March 2001): 929–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-4975(00)02005-1.

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Onda, Rie, Yasuyo Misaka, and Sanae Watanabe. "Nutritional Status in Postoperative Patients with Stomach Cancer." Japanese Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics 57, no. 3 (1999): 169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5264/eiyogakuzashi.57.169.

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O'Donoghue, Niamh, Suzanne Doyle, Declan Walsh, and Seamus O'Reilly. "Nutritional status in cancer: Perspectives of healthcare professionals." Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2018): e18550-e18550. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2018.36.15_suppl.e18550.

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Coates, R. J., W. S. Clark, J. W. Eley, R. S. Greenberg, C. M. Huguly, and R. L. Brown. "Race, Nutritional Status, and Survival From Breast Cancer." JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 82, no. 21 (November 7, 1990): 1684–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.21.1684.

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Sarhill, N., F. Mahmoud, D. Walsh, K. A. Nelson, S. Komurcu, M. Davis, S. LeGrand, O. Abdullah, and L. Rybicki. "Evaluation of nutritional status in advanced metastatic cancer." Supportive Care in Cancer 11, no. 10 (October 1, 2003): 652–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00520-003-0486-0.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Nutritional Status - Cancer'

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