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Journal articles on the topic 'Nyaya'

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1

Kuldeep, Sheetal Verma, Vikas, and Sakshi Awasthi. "NYAYA PHILOSOPHY AND ITS ROLE IN AYURVEDA: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW." International Ayurvedic Medical Journal p7, no. 4 (2023): 360–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.46607/iamj09p7042023.

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A Nyaya, or maxim, is a statement of universal truth or rule. Nyayas are used to express the author’s ideas concisely and clearly. Ayurveda has incorporated numerous Nyayas to clarify its teachings. To portray the hidden meaning, Nyaya has mostly been used as a tool by Samhita commentators. In his Ayurveda deepika commentary, Chakrapani a renowned commentator on the Charaka Samhita used several nyayas, including kaakadanta pareeksha, Ghunaakshara Nyaya, Chhatrino gachchhanti Nyaya, and others in diverse situations. A deeper understanding of the samhita will result from the analysis of these nyayas.
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2

Ghosh, Puja. "Nyaya Theory of Pramana." RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 6, no. 2 (2021): 4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.31305/rrijm.2021.v06.i02.002.

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3

Ghosh, Puja. "Nyaya Theory of Pramana." RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 6, no. 2 (2021): 4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.31305/rrijm.2020.v06.i02.002.

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4

Saha, Sukharanjan. "Unestablished Probans in Nyaya." Journal of Indian Philosophy and Religion 9 (2004): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jipr200494.

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Shaw, J. L. "The Nyaya On Number." Journal of Indian Philosophy and Religion 13 (2008): 111–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jipr2008137.

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6

HOSONO, Kuniko. "Necessity in the Nyaya-school." JOURNAL OF INDIAN AND BUDDHIST STUDIES (INDOGAKU BUKKYOGAKU KENKYU) 49, no. 2 (2001): 1024–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4259/ibk.49.1024.

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7

KIMURA, Toshihiko. "Sadhyaviparyayabadhakapramanam: Classical Nyaya and Dharmakirti." JOURNAL OF INDIAN AND BUDDHIST STUDIES (INDOGAKU BUKKYOGAKU KENKYU) 50, no. 1 (2001): 348–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4259/ibk.50.348.

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8

Chakrabarti, Kisor Kumar. "The Nyaya View of Definition." Journal of Indian Philosophy and Religion 22 (2017): 127–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jipr20172210.

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9

Gautam, P. K. "Overcoming the Ways ofMatsya Nyaya." Strategic Analysis 37, no. 5 (2013): 521–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09700161.2013.821243.

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10

Jacobson, Jeffrey W. "Unsur-unsur Epistemologi ‘Proto-Nyaya’ dalam Bhagavad-Gita." DISKURSUS - JURNAL FILSAFAT DAN TEOLOGI STF DRIYARKARA 18, no. 2 (2022): 133–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.36383/diskursus.v18i2.317.

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The Bhagavad-Gita, as a multivalent text, has been a source of inspiration for all areas of Indian thought. This paper identifies elements in the Bhagavad-Gita which may have influenced the formation of Nyaya philosophy in the centuries after it was written. Part one of the paper reviews Nyaya epistemology as a whole, focusing on aspects that play an important role in the Bhagavad-Gita: perception (pratyaksa), inference (anumana), ‘syllogism’, verbal utterance (sabda) and the practical orientation of knowledge. The second part shows how those aspects appear in the text of the Bhagavad-Gita. In praticular, Krishna relies on a number of techniques in convincing Arjuna of his obligation as a ksatria which would later be formalized in Nyaya philosophy as pramana or methods of knowing. As a whole, the Bhagavad-Gita also emphasizes the Nyaya view that knowledge is only useful insofar as it helps the knower achieve a particular goal. This paper does not, and has no pretention to prove the existence of a direct line of influence connection the Bhagavad-Gita and Nyaya philosophy; readers will instead gain an appreciation of the shared cultural context which gave rise to both of these forms of Indian thought.
 Abstrak
 Bhagavad-Gita, sebagai teks yang multitafsir, telah menjadi sumber inspirasi bagi segala pemikiran India. Makalah ini mengidentifikasikan unsur-unsur dalam Bhagavad-Gita yang mungkin memengaruhi pembentukan filsafat Nyaya selama beberapa abad setelah Bhagavad-Gita ditulis. Bagian pertama makalah meringkas epistemologi Nyaya secara keseluruhan dengan berfokus pada aspek-aspek yang memainkan peran penting dalam Bhagavad-Gita: persepsi (pratyaksa), penyimpulan (anumana), ‘silogisme’, saksi verbal (sabda), dan orientasi praktis pengetahuan. Bagian kedua memperlihatkan bagaimana aspek-aspek tersebut muncul dalam teks Bhagavad-Gita. Secara khusus, Krishna mengandalkan berbagai teknik dalam meyakinkan Arjuna akan kewajibannya sebagai ksatria yang kemudian diformalkan dalam filsafat Nyaya sebagai pramana atau sarana pengetahuan. Secara keseluruhan, Bhagavad-Gita juga menekankan pandangan Nyaya bahwa pengetahuan hanya berguna sejauh dapat membantu si penahu mencapai tujuan tertentu. Makalah ini tidak dapat membuktikan adanya garis pengaruh langsung yang menghubungkan Bhagavad-Gita dengan filsafat Nyaya; namun, kita tetap dapat mengapresiasi suatu ‘kemiripan keluarga’ di antara keduanya yang menunjukkan kekayaan konteks kebudayaan yang menghasilkan kedua buah pemikiran peradaban India ini.
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11

Pokhrel, Aupson. "An Analysis of Nyaya Darshana with Special Emphasis on Realism." Nepal Journal of Multidisciplinary Research 6, no. 1 (2023): 140–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njmr.v6i1.54359.

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Nyaya School of Philosophy is distinctly recognized as one of the Six Astika Schools of Hindu Philosophy. Unlike Other Schools, Nyaya is peculiarly known to have proposed five components of Syllogism derived from Inferential Reasoning, both Inductive and Deductive. This treatise aims at clarifying The Nyaya Syllogisms, and successfully arguing for its Logical Realism. Logical Realism, in simple terms, refers to logical facts that are Independent of Mind and Language i.e., they are true synthetic a priori no matter the proposition. This Paper shall advocate the logical structure of Nyaya Syllogism which is independent of both mind and language. Also, the Inferential Reasoning that has been instrumentalized by Gautama to propose such Syllogisms shall be discussed to supplement the paper’s Groundwork. This paper has treated Nyaya in regard to its Epistemology and Logic. The reference to Nyaya, as a metaphysical or Ethical Doctrine, including the ideas of Causation, Fallacies, Truth, and Moksha has, for the most part, been sidelined. The Arguments have been drawn from the Original Works of Gautama called “The Nyaya Sutras” as well as Secondary Works which have further illuminated the works of Gautama. Hence, this Paper shall act as an advancement and supplement to the Nyaya Syllogism. It shall also shed light on the Contributions of Nyaya Syllogism in Syllogistic Logic.
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12

Priyanka Katyar and Vipin Kumar. "Fundamentals of Nyaya Darshan and their influence upon Charaka Samhita." Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences 8, no. 10 (2023): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21760/jaims.8.10.19.

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Nyaya Darshana and Ayurveda being contemporary sciences have influenced and complemented each other. The concepts of Nyaya Darshana are selectively incorporated in Ayurveda to suit its objectives viz. Swasthya Rakshana and Roga Prashamana. Most of the concepts of the Nyaya are accepted as such, some are modified for the medical sciences. Application of the concept of Nyaya in conjunction with Ayurveda enhances the therapeutic application of contemporary system of healing. Ayurveda is a Sarvadarshan Parishada Shastra which means this system of health science is related to various Darshanas. There are similarities of some concept of Charaka Samhita and Nyaya Darshana Shastra, but as the Prayojana (aim) of both Shastra are same into some extent. As Charak Samhita is a main text book of Ayurveda so a study of the influence of Nyaya Darshana on classics like Charaka Samhita should be analysed. In this study we will try to correlate various concepts of Charak Samhita and Nyaya philosophy.
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13

farha, khan. "nyaya darshan mein praman ki awdharna." excellence international journal of education and research (EIJER) 7, no. 1 (2019): 121. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7147487.

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<strong><em>Nyāya</em></strong> literally meaning &quot;justice&quot;, &quot;rules&quot;, &quot;method&quot; or &quot;judgment&quot; is one of the six <em>astika</em> schools of Indian philosophy.This school&#39;s most significant contributions to Indian philosophy were systematic development of the theory of logic, methodology, and its treatises on epistemology.Nyaya school&#39;s epistemology accepts four out of six <em>Pramanas</em> as reliable means of gaining knowledge &ndash; <em>Pratyakṣa</em> (perception), <em>Anumāṇa</em> (inference), <em>Upamāṇa</em> (comparison and analogy) and <em>Śabda</em> (word, testimony of past or present reliable experts).In its metaphysics, Nyaya school is closer to the Vaisheshika school of Hinduism than others.It holds that human suffering results from mistakes/defects produced by activity under wrong knowledge (notions and ignorance).Moksha (liberation), it states, is gained through right knowledge. This premise led Nyaya to concern itself with epistemology, that is the reliable means to gain correct knowledge and to remove wrong notions. False knowledge is not merely ignorance to Naiyyayikas, it includes delusion. Correct knowledge is discovering and overcoming one&#39;s delusions, and understanding true nature of soul, self and reality. The Nyaya school of Hinduism developed and refined many treatises on epistemology that widely influenced other schools of Hinduism. Nyaya treated it as theory of knowledge, and its scholars developed it as <em>Pramana-sastras</em>. <em>Pramana</em>, a Sanskrit word, literally is &quot;means of knowledge&quot;. It encompasses one or more reliable and valid means by which human beings gain accurate, true knowledge.The focus of Pramana is how correct knowledge can be acquired, how one knows, how one doesn&#39;t, and to what extent knowledge pertinent about someone or something can be acquired.The Naiyayikas (the Nyaya scholars) accepted four valid means (<em>pramaṇa</em>) of obtaining valid knowledge (<em>pramana</em>) - perception (<em>pratyakṣa</em>), inference (<em>anumāna</em>), comparison (<em>upamāna</em>) and word/testimony of reliable sources (<em>śabda</em>). The Nyaya scholars, along with those from other schools of Hinduism, also developed a theory of error, to methodically establish means to identify errors and the process by which errors are made in human pursuit of knowledge. These include <em>Saṁśaya</em> (समस्या, problems, inconsistencies, doubts) and <em>Viparyaya</em> (विपर्यय, contrariness, errors)<sup> </sup>which can be corrected or resolved by a systematic process of <em>Tarka</em> (तर्क, reasoning, technique).
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14

Kumar Sharma, Ashok. "Garbhposhan "Snehan evm Swedan Nyaya" W.S.R. Fetal Nutrition." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 13, no. 4 (2024): 1526–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr24407113540.

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15

Chakrabarti, Kisor Kumar, and Chandana Chakrabarti. "Toward Dualism: The Nyaya-Vaisesika Way." Philosophy East and West 41, no. 4 (1991): 477. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1399645.

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16

Wada, Toshihiro. "Qualifier (visesana) in Navya-nyaya Philosophy." JOURNAL OF INDIAN AND BUDDHIST STUDIES (INDOGAKU BUKKYOGAKU KENKYU) 37, no. 1 (1988): 506–0. http://dx.doi.org/10.4259/ibk.37.506.

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17

Chakrabarti, Kisor Kumar. "The Nyaya-Vaisesika Theory of Universals." Journal of Indian Philosophy and Religion 21 (2016): 72–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jipr2016215.

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18

Salome, D. Judia, and Ranjani Parthasarathi. "Mining ontological knowledge using Nyaya framework." International Journal of Networking and Virtual Organisations 8, no. 1/2 (2011): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijnvo.2011.037164.

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19

Chadha, Monima. "Perceptual Cognition: A Nyaya-Kantian Approach." Philosophy East and West 51, no. 2 (2001): 197–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/pew.2001.0021.

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20

Sathyan, Niveditha. "The Tradition of Nyaya in Kerala." Kiraṇāvalī XIV, no. 3&4, JULY- DECEMBER 2022 (2022): 187–94. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7901759.

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Kerala&rsquo;s contribution to Sanskrit literature is very rich and diverse. Studies are available in all branches such as Kavya, Nataka, and Campu and the technical literature such as Vyakarana, Tantra, Mantra, Silpa, Ganita and Vaidya. Sanskrit, as a language, flourished in Kerala with the Brahmins and their Vedic culture. They came from outside in an early period and Sanskrit existed as the basic language for many years for the spiritual, social as well as cultural learning in Kerala
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21

Katyar, Priyanka, and Vipin Kumar. "A REVIEW ON CONCEPT OF PRAMANA IN NYAYA DARSHANA AND CHARAK SAMHITA." International Ayurvedic Medical Journal 11, no. 12 (2023): 3061–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.46607/iamj1511122023.

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Both Nyaya Darshana and Ayurveda are highly influenced and complemented by each other as both sciences developed in the same period. The concepts of Nyaya Darshana have been selectively incorporated into Ayurve-da to suit its purposes, viz. Swasthya Rakshana and RogaPrashamana. Most of the concepts of the Nyaya are accepted as such, but some are modified as needed. There are similarities between some concepts of Charaka Samhita and Nyaya Darshana Shastra, in which Pramana is the main source of Nyaya Darshana, and it has given Pratyaksha, Anumana, Upamana, and Shabd. In Charak Samhita, Acharya Charak accepted Pramana as Pariksha. In this article, we will try to correlate the Pramana of NyayaDarshana and their influence upon Charak Samhita.
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22

Pageni, Sakuntala. "A Thematic Study of Nyaya Philosophy with Research Methodology." Pargatishil Darpan 8, no. 1 (2024): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/pd.v8i1.70349.

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This thematic study explores the intricate components of Nyaya philosophy and its methodological implications for educational research. This review examines the conceptual distinctions in ontological and epistemological perspectives currently employed within the theoretical framework of educational research. Nyaya philosophy, rooted in the universal truths of Hindu philosophy, serves as a foundation for developing research methodologies. Its sixteen divisions of Padarthas support four primary modes of knowledge acquisition: perception, inference, comparison, and testimony. Nyaya subtly steers researchers towards theoretical generalization in research design, emphasizing the importance of incorporating inductive and deductive procedures in the theoretical processes of educational research. Nyāya philosophy enhances research rigor through its ontological and epistemological principles. By using Nyāya’s categories of existence, substance, quality, and action—research questions are clearly defined. Nyāya’s logical rigor in data analysis ensures valid, consistent conclusions, aiding critical evaluation. Theory building is strengthened by its causation principles and categories, leading to comprehensive theories. Nyāya’s principles also improve the critical evaluation of literature, helping researchers assess and build upon existing knowledge systematically, achieving greater clarity and validity in their studies.
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23

Dewi, Putu Yuliani, and Wayan Juli Artiningsih. "PERANAN NYAYA-VAISESIKA DARSANA DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN ARGUMENTASI MAHASISWA." Genta Hredaya: Media Informasi Ilmiah Jurusan Brahma Widya STAHN Mpu Kuturan Singaraja 6, no. 1 (2022): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.55115/gentahredaya.v6i1.2090.

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Rendahnya rasa keingintahuan dan keengganan mahasiswa untuk menyampaikan pendapat atau berdiskusi selain karena ketidakbiasaan melakukan argumentasi/debat juga disebabkan kurangnya literasi mahasiswa utamanya minat membaca untuk menggali pengetahuan baru. Dosen selaku tenaga pendidik memiliki tanggung jawab dalam capaian kompetensi soft skill maupun hard skill mahasiswa seperti yang diamatkan dalam PERMENRISTEKDIKTI. Transfer ilmu yang diberikan dari dosen kepada mahasiswa dikatakan berhasil apabila mahasiswa selain mampu memahami ajaran yang diberikan juga mampu menerapkan serta menyebarluaskan ajaran yang diberikan. Tentunya untuk diperlukan kemampuan argumentasi untuk dapat menyebarluaskan pengetahuan yang dimiliki mahasiswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif yang mana ingin menjelaskan mengenai peranan filsafat Nyaya-Vaisesika dalam meningkatkan kompetensi agumentasi mahasiswa. Nyaya dan Vaisesika merupakan filsafat yang mengajarkan realisme logis, kritis dan analisis dalam memecahkan masalah dan meletakkan konsep yang benar dalam memperoleh pengetahuan yang benar sehingga sering digunakan sebagai dasar dalam argumentasi dan diskusi. Sumbangan Filsafat Nyaya–Vaisesika sangat berarti terhadap alam pemikiran Hindu karena dengan mempelajarinya seseorang akan belajar untuk menggunakan kecerdasannya untuk menemukan kekeliruan dan menganalisanya sehingga tidak terjebak dengan diskusi atau argument tasi tanpa dasar pengetahuan yang jelas dan benar.Kata kunci : Nyaya Vaisesika, Argumentasi, Darsana
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24

Pravesh Tomar, Sudip Kumar Lal, and Neeta Arya. "A review on Dhatu Poshan Nyaya: with the principles of stem cell theory." Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences 10, no. 3 (2025): 236–41. https://doi.org/10.21760/jaims.10.3.37.

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The concept of Dhatus in Ayurveda refers to the physiology of basic nutritional and structural factor of the body. The Ahara Rasa is the source of for nourishing the Dhatus and Dhatu nutrients are nourished one after another from Ahara Rasa to Shukra. Acharya used Nyaya to elaborate the concept. Dhatu Poshan Nyaya gives us a clear view about how the Dhatus formed and how the conversion of Ahara Rasa takes place in Saptdhatus. Rakta Dhatu is the primary source of longevity and survival in human beings. Its formation is a continues process that sustains life. To understand tissue formation, it is essential to understand the Ayurvedic principles that explain the transformation of Ahara Rasa into Dhatus. Ahara has to undergo digestion by Pachakagni, Dhatvagni, along with Bhutagni. Dhatu gets nourished by Dhatu and nourishes another Dhatu. Theories of Dhatu Poshan Nyaya are not different all together, connected to a sequential process where one step follows another in a linked manner, as the step-by-step transformation of nutrients into body tissue (Dhatus) or the sequential differentiation of stem cells into specialized cells. Modern science explains the formation of blood cells during the embryonic stage with the involvement of mesenchymal cells and later hematopoietic cells. Acharyas postulated theories of tissue nutrition and transformation of tissue nutrients into body elements through Dhatu Poshan Nyaya as Khseera Dadhi Nyaya (law of transformation), Kedari Kulya Nyaya (Law of Transportation), Khale Kapot Nyaya (Law of selectivity), Ek Kala Dhatu Poshan Nyaya (Simultaneous supply of nutrients to whole body).
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25

Chakraborty, Debraj, and Sayantika Sen. "The Relevance of Nyāya Philosophy in Philosophical Counseling." Philosophy and the Life-world 26, no. 00 (2024): 215–21. https://doi.org/10.62424/jplw.2024.26.00.16.

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After giving a short description of mind in Nyaya philosophy and philosophical counseling as life lessons, the present paper suggests that the methods of philosophical counseling can be enriched through the use of Nyaya sutras. The concept of mind and the formation of perception in an individual as described in Nyaya can be applied to philosophical counseling. In fact, the paper attempts to show that the methods that are being used in philosophical counseling have a clear bearing on some of the concepts of Nyaya. Furthermore, the present study proposes that the philosophy of Nyaya has remarkable potential to expand the sphere of philosophical counseling by imparting the wisdom of openness to the multi-layered meaning of lived reality.
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26

Warwantkar, Sachin. "NYAYA PANCHAYAT: INDIGENOUS, DECENTRALISED, ACCESSIBLE, & PARTICULARISTIC MODE OF DISPUTE RESOLUTION." VIDYA - A JOURNAL OF GUJARAT UNIVERSITY 3, no. 1 (2024): 113–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.47413/vidya.v3i1.324.

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Nyaya Panchayat is the most neglected aspect of the Panchayati Raj implementation in India. 73rd Amendment doesn’t even have a passing reference to this ages-long indigenous dispute resolution forum. In the formal Indian legal system, due to British-style methods, procedures and practices of court, getting justice becomes an expensive, long-term and cumbersome process. It is only the institution of Nyaya Panchayat that can provide quick and cheap justice to the poor villagers at the doorstep and can create a situation where the geographical and mental distance between the institutions of justice and the villagers is reduced. A formal court of law far away from the village also leaves room for false evidence. It is only natural that the members sitting in the local Nyaya Panchayat who are familiar with the local customs, systems, customs, attitudes, values, and details, can compare the evidence realistically and fairly. Nyaya Panchayats as an institution has the potential to reshape our legal culture by making it more ‘people-oriented’.
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WADA, Toshihiro. "Invariable Concomitance (vypti) in Early Navya-nyaya." JOURNAL OF INDIAN AND BUDDHIST STUDIES (INDOGAKU BUKKYOGAKU KENKYU) 51, no. 1 (2002): 442–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4259/ibk.51.442.

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28

Thakur, Manindra. "Debating Realism (s): Marxism and Nyaya-Vaisesika." Alethia 5, no. 1 (2002): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/aleth.v5i1.50.

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Chakrabarti, Kisor Kumar. "The Nyaya-Vaisesika Theory of Negative Entities." Journal of Indian Philosophy and Religion 21 (2016): 30–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jipr2016213.

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Parikh, Margie. "Effective decision making through nyaya-sutra inputs." JIMS8M: The Journal of Indian Management & Strategy 21, no. 4 (2016): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0973-9343.2016.00033.8.

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31

SHIVAM, KUMAR PANDEY, and Saraswat Jagrati. "THE BHARATIYA NYAYA SANHITA (BNS) BILL, 2023." LEX SCRIPTA MAGAZINE OF LAW AND POLICY 01, no. 03 (2023): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8430960.

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The improved new legislation introduced by the current administration has replaced the procedural and substantive laws that have existed in our nation for many years. The legislation of the country has undergone substantial modifications. It asserted that the Indian Penal Code of 1806 was created to safeguard British government interests rather than those of Indian citizens. The document upholds the long-standing legislation and the &ldquo;Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita Bill&rdquo; introduced in the Lok Sabha on August 1. Does putting out a new legislation create dread and hence alter society? Does the proposed law bring about change if it is passed or upheld? It is reasonable to conclude that the colonial Indian penal code was strict when it came to crimes committed by citizens, but the government authorities did a poor job of upholding the wellwritten legislation. Since women and children are the victims of the most horrific crimes and the ones whose corpses are tortured, the Bill&#39;s primary objective is to prioritize them.
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32

Schiller, Henry Ian. "THE NYĀYA ARGUMENT FOR DISJUNCTIVISM." History of Philosophy Quarterly 36, no. 1 (2019): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/48570928.

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Abstract The Nyāya school of classical Indian epistemology defended (by today’s standards) a radical version of epistemic externalism. The school’s adherents also argued from their epistemological positions to an early version of disjunctivism about perceptual experience. In this paper, I assess the value of such an argument, concluding that a modified version of the Nyaya argument may be defensible.
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Bail, Shishir. "From Nyaya Panchayats to Gram Nyayalayas: The Indian State and Rural Justice." Socio-Legal Review 11, no. 1 (2015): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.55496/ewlm6385.

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Legal reform attempts in India have frequently grappled with the problem of providing access to justice to rural litigants. In the early years of the Indian republic, the now infamous Nyaya Panchayats were tasked with this responsibility. These institutions were motivated by a desire to recreate an ‘indigenous’, panchayat based model of dispute resolution, but had more or less died out by the late 1970s. In 2008, the Parliament of India made a renewed attempt to address this problem through the passage of the Gram Nyayalaya Act, intended to result in the setting up of over 5,000 Gram Nyayalayas across the country. This article compares these two institutions to see whether Gram Nyayalayas make the same mistakes as their ill-fated forebears, or whether they do in fact represent a new approach to the problem of access to justice for rural litigants in India. This analysis reveals that Gram Nyayalayas differ substantially from Nyaya Panchayats, and in fact share far more similarities with the formal court system than to any poorly specified ideas of indigenous dispute resolution.
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34

EZAKI, Koji. "On the Nyaya Way of Refuting Buddhist Arguments." Journal of Indian and Buddhist Studies (Indogaku Bukkyogaku Kenkyu) 56, no. 1 (2007): 278–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4259/ibk.56.1_278.

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35

Elga Ptra Sutrawan, I. Gusti Ngurah. "KOMPERASI FILSAFAT KETUHANAN NYAYA DARSANA DENGAN BARUCH SPINOZA." Jurnal Penelitian Agama Hindu 1, no. 2 (2017): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.25078/jpah.v1i2.288.

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&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The philosophy of the divine NyayaDarsana and Baruch Spinoza are both a concept of the divine which gives understanding that everything comes from God. As the main cause of everything that exist and seeps into its creation which are called Atman or single substance. It confirm that in the philosophy of the divine NyayaDarsana and Baruch Spinoza contains the concept of divinity, that is Phanteism.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Based on the description, then the problem discussed in this research is : (1) How is the philosophy of the divine NyayaDarsana and Baruch Spinoza ? (2) What is the differences and equations NyayaDarsana and Baruch Spinoza ?.theory on this reseach is value theory to dissect the first problem related to the values of the philosophy of the divine which contained NyayaDarsana and the thought of Baruch Spinoza. Hermeneutic theory is used to dissect the second problem to interpret differences and equations NyayaDarsana and Baruch Baruch Spinoza. This research is a type of qualitative research with data collection techniques library study, interviews, online data and descriptive qualitative data analysis techniques, with the technique of presenting the description.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The result of this research is (1) the philosophy of the divine NyayaDarsana describe that God is the main source. Final goal all living creature that is moksa and way to reach it with knowledge of truth. The philosophy of the divine Baruch Spinoza describe that all reality comes from a single substance that is God and God immanent with nature. The ultimale goal of life based on the thought of Baruch Spinoza is to achieve happiness or freedom from the emotional shackles emotion the equation of NyayaDarsana and Baruch Spinoza is reqognize the existence of God as the main source, containing the concept of panteism. The difference is viewed from the ontology according NyayaDarsanathat the universe comes from elements of caturbhuta that together with akasa (ether) space and time, while thought of Baruch Spinoza that single substance which thought of Baruch Spinoza that single substance which called Modi, God as creator of universe, epistemology on NyayaDarsana contained about knowledge of truth to avoid from false knowledge while thought of Baruch Spinoza contain three knowledge that is the knowledge of the five senses, common sense intuitive to happiness and freedom.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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36

Tomooka, Masaya. "Some Questions Relating to the Early Nyaya School." JOURNAL OF INDIAN AND BUDDHIST STUDIES (INDOGAKU BUKKYOGAKU KENKYU) 33, no. 2 (1985): 816–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4259/ibk.33.816.

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37

Saha, Sukharanjan. "The Thesis of Ninikalpaka in Nyaya and Vaisesiḳa". Journal of Indian Philosophy and Religion 5 (2000): 111–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jipr200057.

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38

Singh, Om P. "Bhartiya Nyaya Samhita 2023, medical practice and psychiatrists." Indian Journal of Psychiatry 66, no. 8 (2024): 755–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_649_24.

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39

Chandrakar, Nidhi, Rupendra Chandrakar, and Prema Bhagat. "THE CONCEPT OF DHATU AND THEIR ROLE IN PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF DIS-EASES." International Ayurvedic Medical Journal 12, no. 08 (2024): 1530–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.46607/iamj1912082024.

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Dhatu is known to be the Structural and functional unit of our body. It provides strength, Energy, and support to our body. Normal and abnormal functioning of dhatu is important for the overall growth of our body. In Ayurveda Samhitas, it is mentioned that when dhatu is in a normal state it makes the individual healthy. When it gets disturbed it causes disease. It is mentioned here the concept of Dhatu, its anatomy, Physiology, and Pathology and treatment which help us to know the critical aspects. The physiology of dhatu is well explained by Dhatu Poshan Nyaya. It is for 4 types as mentioned in Samhitas i.e. Kshir Dhadhi Nyaya, Kedari Kulaya Nyaya, Khale Kapota Nyaya, Ek Kala Dhatu Poshan Nyaya. With the help of these Nyaya, we understand the formation and nourishment of Dhatu from Ahar Rasa. When the Formation of Dhatu gets disturbed at any level as due to Apathya Ahara Vihar, Agni dushti, Srotodushti, or defective Ahara rasa it results in the formation of diseases. Hence the Pathology of diseases also depends on Dhatu which is well explained by Rogamarga and is similar to Samprapti of diseases. I tried to explain Rogamarga in an elaborate way to know the prognosis and level of diseases because due to advancing modern science the concept of dhatu and the pathway of diseases are unknown to common people. So, this article helps to make every one of the concepts which further help in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
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40

Rajkumar, C., NNL Bhagavathi, and R. Vidyanath. "ROLE OF NYAYAS (MAXIMS) IN UNDERSTANDING AYURVEDIC CONCEPTS OF BRIHATTRAYEE WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CHATRINOGACCHANTI NYAYA: A LITERARY REVIEW." International Journal of Research in Ayurveda & Pharmacy 8, no. 1 (2017): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.7897/2277-4343.08132.

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41

Behera, Niyati Kumari, and G. S. Mahalakshmi. "Nyaya based Automatic Quality Value Classifier for Concept Enrichment." Asian Journal of Research in Social Sciences and Humanities 7, no. 3 (2017): 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2249-7315.2017.00182.4.

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42

Bhattacharyya, Sibajiban. "Some Features of the Technical Language of Navya-Nyaya." Philosophy East and West 40, no. 2 (1990): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1399225.

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43

Ishitobi, Michiko. "The Argument for the Existence of God in Nyaya." JOURNAL OF INDIAN AND BUDDHIST STUDIES (INDOGAKU BUKKYOGAKU KENKYU) 35, no. 2 (1987): 1001–998. http://dx.doi.org/10.4259/ibk.35.1001.

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44

Chakrabarti, Kisor Kumar. "Some Comparisons between Frege's Logic and Navya-Nyaya Logic." Journal of Indian Philosophy and Religion 21 (2016): 57–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jipr2016214.

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45

Phillips, Stephen H. "Perceiving Particulars Blindly: Remarks on a Nyaya-Buddhist Controversy." Philosophy East and West 54, no. 3 (2004): 389–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/pew.2004.0021.

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46

Dr., K. Retheesh. "रसगङ्गाधरे नव्यन्यायभाषाशैली (Application of Navya-Nyaya Style in Rasagangadhara)". Kiraṇāvalī XIV, № 3&4, JULY- DECEMBER 2022 (2022): 294–97. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7905640.

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संस्कृतालङ्कारशास्त्रग्रन्थेषु अत्युत्कृष्टॊऽस्ति पण्डितराजजगन्नाथस्य रसगङ्गाधरः। जगन्नाथपण्डितः तैलङ्गब्राह्मणः आसीत् ।&nbsp; तस्य स्थितिकालः सप्तदशतमशताब्द्यामासीत्। सः शाहजहान्&nbsp; नाम्नः दिल्लीनरेशस्य सभावासी आसीत्। उक्तं च जगन्नाथेन &lsquo;दिल्लीवल्लभपाणिपल्लवतले नीतं नवीनं वयः&rsquo; इति (भामिनीविलासः) । तेन विरचितेषु&nbsp; बहुषु कृतिषु अनुपमास्ति रसगङ्गाधरः । तत्र प्रतिपाद्यविषयः रस-ध्वनि-गुण-अलङ्कारादिविपुलः अतिविशदश्च भवति । काव्यस्वरूपादिप्रतिपादने तस्य शैली अव्यप्त्यादिदॊषरहिता वर्तते। वादेषूपयुक्ता नव्यन्यायभाषा तत्र प्रयुक्ता विद्यते ।&nbsp; विषयाणां सूक्ष्मतराणामंशानामपि पर्यालॊचना दृष्टुं शक्यते । नाट्यशास्त्रकारेण भरतमुनिना यस्य तत्त्वस्याविष्कारः कृतः तस्य पूर्णतया स्थापनमेव पण्डितराजस्य यॊगदानं वर्तते । वादिप्रतिवादिनां संवादानन्तरं रसतत्त्वस्य सुस्थापनं सुन्दररीत्या नवीनशैल्या च तेन कृतम्।&nbsp; &nbsp;
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47

Pandikattu, Kuruvilla. "Totally Commitment to God and Fellow Human Beings: The Life and Message of Prof John Vattanky SJ." AUC: Asian Journal of Religious Studies 66.3, May-June, 2021 (2021): 33–40. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4716083.

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Totally Commitment to God and Fellow Human Beings: This article is an overview of the contribution of Prof John Vattanky, SJ, a pioneer in Indian philosophy. A logician and grammarian, Prof Vattanky has been rooted in his faith and tradition. He was a world authority on Navya-nyaya philosophy of Gangesa. The author also looks into his three fold passions in terms of Indian philosophy, logic and love and oriental traditions.This article is an overview of the contribution of Prof John Vattanky, SJ, a pioneer in Indian philosophy. A logician and grammarian, Prof Vattanky has been rooted in his faith and tradition. He was a world authority on Navya-nyaya philosophy of Gangesa. The author also looks into his three fold passions in terms of Indian philosophy, logic and love and oriental traditions.
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48

Dnyaneshwar Thutte, Manisha, Pankaj M Gahunge, and Ashvini S Lendikar. "NYAYAS MENTIONED IN CHIKITSA STHANA OF CHARAKA SAMHITA: A CRITICAL REVIEW." International Ayurvedic Medical Journal 12, no. 11 (2024): 2068–73. https://doi.org/10.46607/iamj2212112024.

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In Ayurveda, Ancient Ayurvedic knowledge is only in the form of Sutras (Sanskrit verses).To make ordinary people understand the hidden meaning of these verses, our Acharyas, especially the commentators, have adopted the application of Nyayas(Maxims)as one of the most relevant methods. Chakrapani, the famous commentator of Charak Samhita, has quoted various maxims in his Ayurved Dipika commentary. Keeping this in view, an attempt is made in the present study to trace out the multiple references of Nyayas mentioned in Charak Samhita Chikitsa Sthana. This Review article highlights the references of Nyaya mentioned in the Chikitsa Sthana of Charak Samhita.
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49

Juliantari, Ni Kadek. "Upaya Meningkatkan Mutu Keterampilan Dasar Mengajar Melalui Simulasi Peer Teaching Berbasis Teknik Nyaya Darsana." Jurnal Penjaminan Mutu 4, no. 2 (2018): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.25078/jpm.v4i2.567.

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&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;This study aims to improve the basic skills of teaching sixth semester students of the Hindu Education Study Program STKIP Agama Hindu Amlapura 2016/2017 academic year through the application of peer teaching simulation based on Nyaya Darsana technique. The subjects in this study were the sixth semester students of the Hindu Education Study Program 2016/2017 academic year totaling 31 people. The data in this study were collected by tests and the results were analyzed quantitatively supported by qualitative interpretations. The results show that the application of peer teaching simulation with Nyaya Darsana technique can improve the basic teaching skills of the sixth semester students of the Hindu Education Study Program STKIP Agama Hindu Amlapura 2016/2017 academic year from the percentage of success in the first cycle of 87,10% to 93,55% in cycle II. Meanwhile, the average value also increased from 73.42 in the first cycle to 74,97 in the second cycle. Therefore, the application of peer teaching simulation with Nyaya Darsana technique is recommended to be used in lectures that target the formation of skills or competencies of prospective teachers.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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50

Sreelekshmi G, Navoday Raju N R, and Raole Vaidehi. "Study of Rasayana Chikitsa through Dhatu Parinaama Nyaya W.S.R. to Stem Cells." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 12, no. 1 (2021): 462–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v12i1.4091.

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Stem cells are special cells that attain an ability to become various type of cells, present in an embryo as well as in an adult. These cells are used to replace and regenerate new organs, tissues or even an entire organism due to their self-renewing, uni or pleuripotent properties. In Ayurvedic concept, the Dhatu are developing and nourishing in a sequential manner based on the Dhatu Parinama Nyaya (Law of Transportation and Transformation). Each Dhatu or bodily tissue is formed from either Ahaara Rasa or from the elements of previous Dhatu and gives rise to the formation of next Dhatu (Sookshma Dhatu). Hence, Sookshma (minute) Dhatu or Stem cells in a particular Dhatu can be comparable to stem cells because their ability to generate the different tissues. The aim of this article is to provide an awareness about the stem cells or Sookshma Dhatu in the light of concept of Dhatu Parinama Nyaya.
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