Journal articles on the topic 'Nyord'

Tulisan ini tentang karya seni pertunjukan “Nyora” yang secara etimologi berasal dari istilah Sunda, yaitu nyora. Dalam Bahasa Indonesia nyora dapat diartikan bersuara dan berbunyi. Dalam karya ini, “Nyora” diartikan sebagai persenyawaan dari aktivitas dan interaksi musikal yang berangkat dari suara lingkungan, kesenian setempat, dan suara batiniah sebagai doa atau persembahan yang ditujukan ke Pernyai atau Dewi Sri dalam dimensi ruang dan waktu. Komposisi musik dibangun atas penelaahan yang berangkat dari dua macam realitas, yakni realitas sosial objektif dan realitas sosial subjektif. Realitas sosial objektif dapat diterjemahkan dari spirit masyarakat dengan latar belakang peladang dan pesawah ketika syukuran panen di lingkungan masyarakat Subang bagian tengah. Realitas sosial subjektif diterjemahkan melalui kesadaran terhadap suara-suara atas realitas yang tampak atau aktivitas sehingga menimbulkan persepsi untuk mencari makna atau nilai lokal di dalam masyarakat.Kata Kunci : Seni Pertunjukan, Pernyai, Realitas SosialABSTRACTThe text is about performing art of “Nyora”. Nyora etymology is if followed by Sundanese language. These are nyora. In Indonesia nyora means voice and sound. Referred by “Nyora” means compound of activity and musical interaction that comes from soundscape, local art, and inmost voice as a prayer or inscription to shown of a Pernyai or Dewi Sri in the dimensions of space and time away. Music’s composition built on review that’s comes of two kind realness, those are; objective social reality is society’s spirit with a background of cultivator or a farmer when the people’s harvest within the society on the Central Subang Region. Subtractive social reality in action or activity. As a result it gives to responses for meaning or value in the local society.Key word : Performing Art, Pernyai, Social Reality

Medicine (n-nyork) has been one of meaning laden words faced by scholars. This subject has attracted much attention from scholars, but the social aspect of health tied to people’s medical culture has been neglected. The paper examines the reasons and the context within which the medical culture of the Konkomba ensured social equilibrium and well-being. It further examines key medicines and healers that constituted the corpus of the Konkomba health system. Information was sourced from oral interviews, archival and secondary sources. The work focuses on the historiography of indigenous medicine in Ghana, in particular, and Africa in general. In conclusion, it analyses the impact of the Western understanding of medicine indicating that n-nyork (medicine) and ngbanpuan (health) were more holistic within the Konkomba conceptualisation. In that sense, the adoption and non-adaptation of the western view of health has led to more undesirable health situation in the twentieth century. That notwithstanding, the medical culture of the Konkomba still constitute an integral aspect of their medication.

RAPID population growth is commonly depicted as one of the greatest problems facing modern Africa. For decades, the tendency of birth rates to exceed mortality rates has prompted predictions of land shortage, resource depletion and mass starvation. Underlying causes of high fertility are hypothesized to have been an unusually high demand for human agricultural labour, ‘traditional religious pronatalism’ and a ‘horror of barrenness’, while in some areas the later colonial period saw a shortening of the durations of post-partum sexual abstinence and lactation. Mortality decline from the 1920s is commonly linked to the establishment of cash crop economies, networks of roads and railways, and the diffusion of western medicine, maternity facilities, missionary activity and primary education. Yet the empirical evidence supporting this model of population growth is contradictory. Areas such as Buhaya, Buganda and Bunyoro should have experienced rapid demographic expansion by natural increase in the colonial period according to dominant theories but instead experts in the early decades of this century feared the extinction of the Haya, Ganda and Nyoro. This paper will attempt to explain why population decline among the Nyoro was more severe than anywhere else in colonial Uganda, and probably East Africa.

The aim of this paper is to try to explain how the Tooro system, which phonologically lacks tone, has come into being, by examining comparatively the tone system of each language itself and also by closely looking at the differences which exist among the Haya, Ankole and Nyoro systems (Kiga data insufficient) in order to look for phonetic reasons of the tone changes.

AbstractThe Cwezi-kubandwa cult was the most prominent form of religious belief in the interlacustrine region of East Africa during the pre-colonial period. It has long been regarded as providing ideological support to monarchical regimes across the region. Recently, though, scholars have contrasted the hegemonic ambitions of the state with evidence that Cwezi-kubandwa also provided opponents of pre-colonial authority structures with both ideological and organizational resources. In particular historians of the cult have hypothesized that Cwezi-kubandwa offered women a refuge from patriarchal political and domestic institutions, and that Cwezi-kubandwa was dominated by women in terms of its leadership, membership and idioms. This article challenges the new orthodoxy by suggesting that both traditional religion's hegemonic and counter-hegemonic roles may have been over-estimated. A re-examination of the Nyoro sources indicates instead that Cwezi-kubandwa was far from homogeneous and dominant, that kubandwa was not obviously oppositional to other, supposedly male-dominated, religious beliefs, and that Cwezi-kubandwa brought female exploitation as well as empowerment. These findings require either a re-evaluation of the nature of Cwezi-kubandwa across the region, or recognition that the cult was much more geographically diverse than has hitherto been believed.

De acordo com o modelo geométrico desenvolvido pelo New York Obesity Research Center (NYORC), o corpo humano é assemelhado a um cilindro, cuja altura e comprimento são proporcionais. Destacam­ se, assim, os perímetros braquial, da cintura, do quadril, da coxa e da panturrilha como marcadores antropométricos de risco para doenças cardiovasculares. O objetivo foi descrever o valor preditivo da correlação entre as circunferências corporais e marcadores antropométricos de risco para doenças cardiovasculares. Trata-se de estudo transversal comparativo de abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa, realizado com 60 (sessenta) pacientes, cardiopatas ou não, durante atendimento nos ambulatórios do Hospital São José Avaí (HSJA), em Itaperuna/RJ. A organização amostral ocorreu em dois grupos: o dos cardiopatas (G1) e o dos não cardiopatas (G2). Foram elaboradas tabelas descritivas, utilizando-se frequência, média e desvio padrão. Na análise das frequências, o teste qui­quadrado de Pearson preditivo, o nível de significância estatística foi fixado em p < 0,05. A média geral de idade foi de 47 (± 13,34) anos. G1 exibiu médias superiores a G2, no que tange aos valores antropométricos, ao IMC e às médias das circunferências corporais. O coeficiente de correlação de Pearson demonstrou correlação fortemente significativa entre os índices de circunferência e altura/volume (V=π.(C/2π)².H), demonstrado através de matrizes quadradas. As circunferências da cintura e do quadril (ρ = 0,998 e ρ = 0,999) apresentaram proporções semelhantes nos dois grupos. O valor preditivo das circunferências corporais para doenças cardiovasculares é necessário tanto para a prevenção quanto para o tratamento das cardiopatias.

The article is prepared on the base of works by K.F. Karjalainen, A. Kannisto, V.N. Chernetsov, E.I. Rombandeeva, R.K. Bardina, I.N. Gemuev, A.I. Sagalaev, A.V. Baulo. Based on the classification of Karjalainen, the author refers the ancestral (family), village and territorial spirits to the local spirits. By their origin, they are famous ancestors, founders of villages, former personal spirits, and sons of the supreme god Numi-Tōrum. The list of local spirits fixed on the rivers Severnaya Sosva with Ob region, Lyapin / Sygva, Lozva, Pelym, Tavda, Vagilsk, and Konda is given. They are linked to specific loci: villages, forest areas, or water basins. This localization is of two kinds: both the location of the spirit itself and the territory of its worship. These signs do not always coincide. Different variants of the spatial boundaries of worship of a concrete spirit are revealed among the Mansi people. In some cases, only one spirit is worshipped in a village, in other words, it has here "sole" space. In other cases, when different local spirits are worshipped in the same village, their space is common. An even wider area “belongs” to the spirits worshipped in several villages (loci). The most extensive areas of worship were formed by the territorial ancestor spirits. Most of the local spirits were related to each other. This is most clearly demonstrated by the significant territorial spirits whish are considered the children of Numi-Tōrum – Polum-Tōrum, Nyaras-Nāy-Ekva, Tāgt-Kotil-Ōjka, Āj-Ās-Ōjka, and Nyor-Ōjka. In turn, the children of these original patron spirits dispersed to different parts of the Mansi land, becoming the guardians of both the area and the people living in it. These are the nāj-otyrs that helped people to settle where they now live. They are the masters of loci (villages, towns) and are subordinate to one of the most senior original patron spirits. Thus, the sons of Tāgt-Kotil-Ōjka are the patron spirits in several villages on the Severnaya Sosva River, as well as on the Manya River. Seven bogatyr brothers from the Lozva River made military campaigns over the Sosva River. The ties between the nāj-otyrs were often of a warlike nature. They conquered other people's territories and became patron spirits there. The materials presented in the article draw a general picture of the representations about local spirits (ancestral spirits) among different groups of the Mansi people. The basis of these representations is the general Mansi worldview concept about the origin of these characters, about their structure and relationships. The extensive list of ancestral spirits demonstrates, on the one hand, their localization and, on the other hand, the wide spatial area of worship of the most significant of them.

Vores fejrede fysiker H.C. Ørsted var også aktiv som ordmager og skabte flere tusind nye danske ord, såvel videnskabelige som almene. Ørsteds nyord har utvivlsomt sat varige spor i det danske sprog − men hvilke, hvor mange og hvor dybe? Det undersøger vi i denne artikel. Først præsenteres Ørsteds ordstof og hans principper for orddannelse, i en historisk kontekst; derefter udvikles et kvantitativt mål for ords kognitive identitet i et levende sprogsamfund, og på dette grundlag gives et samlet billede af Ørsteds indflydelse på nudansk. Til slut samles temaer og resultater op i en diskussion om modellering af en sprogtilstand − om de formelle metoders begrænsninger, men også om deres uudnyttede muligheder i den nyeste lingvistiks tjeneste.

Det geologiske kortblad Møn omfatter Møn med de tilgrænsende øer Langø, Lindholm og Nyord samt mindre dele af Sjælland og Falster. Kortet består af dele af de topografiske kortblade 1511 I og 1512 II samt 1511 IV med randområder af tilgrænsende kortblade mod vest og nord. Møn opdeles i tre geomorfologiske områder: det stærkt kuperede Høje Møn mod øst, det småbakkede landskab omkring Stege Nor mod vest, og det flade marine forland omkring Nyord og Ulfshale. Høje Møn opbygges af opskudte skiver af skrivekridt og kvartære aflejringer, som det ses i Møns Klint. Skiverne er op til 80 m tykke, hvoraf skrivekridtet udgør ca. 50 m. Under hele Møn består prækvartæroverfladen af Maastrichtien skrivekridt i en dybde omkring kote –25 til –40 m. Mindre skiver af glacialtektonisk forstyrret skrivekridt optræder også omkring Stege Nor og langs sydkysten af det vestlige Møn ved Hvideklint. De ældste kvartære aflejringer er moræneler fra Saale-istiden og sand og ler fra Eem-mellemistiden. Derefter følger fluviale aflejringer og nedskylslag fra Tidlig Weichsel. Disse lag efterfølges af moræneler fra Ristinge Klint Till Formationen med over- og underliggende smeltevandsaflejringer fra Mellem Weichsel dannet under Ristinge Isfremstødet for ca. 55 000–50 000 år siden. Den næste enhed er Kraneled Formationen (ny formation), som efterfølges af moræneler tilhørende Klintholm Till Formationen (justeret formation) fra Klintholm Isfremstødet for 35 000–32 000 år siden. Formationen overlejres af mere end 10 m tykke enheder af gråt til olivengråt issøler med dropsten, smeltevandssand og lamineret fint sand samt diamikte aflejringer i Kobbelgård Formationen (ny formation). Denne formation blev aflejret i en issø, som dækkede store dele af Østersøen i en mildningsperiode for 32 000– 28 000 år siden. Denne enhed overlejres af eller er øverst sammenflettet med sand og grus tilhørende Stubberup Have Formationen (ny formation). Moræneler tilhørende den Midtdanske Till Formation blev aflejret under NØ-Isfremstødet for 23 000–20 000 år siden. Efter at NØ-Isen var smeltet tilbage fra østersøområdet, rykkede den Ungbaltiske Is frem fra den østlige del af Østersøen, hvorunder bl.a. Møns Klint og Hvideklint blev deformeret. En tilhørende strukturel enhed, Møns Klint Glacialdynamiske Kompleks, er defineret med fire sekvenser. Hele Hjelm Bugt dannede en glacial lobe, og nord herfor dannedes et randmorænestrøg. Radialt ud fra loben dannede smeltevandet store afløbskanaler fra gletsjerporte i den Ungbaltiske Is. Aflejring af sand og grus tilhørende Ny Borre Formationen (ny formation) skete i dette tidsrum. Under det Ungbaltiske Isfremstød blev Lolland Till Formationen aflejret som et relativt tyndt lag af moræneler. Ved slutningen af Weichsel-istiden for ca. 17 000 år siden smeltede den Ungbaltiske Is tilbage. Et residualt isdække i området nordøst for Møn sendte et genfremstød til det østlige Møn, som medførte en reorientering af skrivekridtskiverne i Møns Klint. I Sen Weichsel (17 000–11 700 år før nu) fandtes søbassiner på det sydlige Møn ved Hjelm og Tøvelde samt på Høje Møn, hvor en række ferskvandslag blev dannet, og aflejringen fortsatte et stykke ind i Holocæn. I Holocæn blev de tidligere afløbskanaler transgrederet under den atlantiske havstigning, hvorved fjorde skar sig ind fra nord og nordvest til midt på Møn. Herefter begyndte udbygningen af marine forlande, især mod nord i området Ulvshale og Nyord. De tidligere fjorde voksede til med planter, som omdannedes til tørveaflejringer. Den sidste sedimentationsfase skete langs kysterne, hvor strandvolde blev akkumuleret, og kystklitter af flyvesand blev dannet.

The geological map sheet Møn covers the island of Møn, the smaller adjacent islands Langø, Lindholm and Nyord as well as adjacent parts of Sjælland and Lolland. It comprises the geodetic map sheets 1511 I and 1511 II and areas on bordering sheets. Møn is surrounded by the Baltic Sea with the bay of Hjelm Bugt to the south, the straits of Grønsund and Ulvsund to the west, and the bays of Stege Bugt and Fakse Bugt to the north. Møn is divided into three glaciomorphological areas, namely a high, hilly landscape of Høje Møn to the east, a hummocky to parallel ridge landscape to the west and areas of marine deposits around Nyord and Ulvshale. The composite ridge landscape of Høje Møn constitutes a glaciotectonic complex comprising four individual glaciodynamic sequences, with the hill Aborrebjerg as the highest point (143 m a.s.l.). The parallel ridge hills consist of thrust-fault-displaced chalk sheets with superimposed glacial deposits. The thrust sheets are up to 80 m thick, of which 60 m constitute Maastrichtian chalk. The vertical displacement of the thrust sheets is about 150 m measured from the primary, undeformed pre-Quaternary surface located 25–30 m below sea level. The pre-Quaternary surface consists of chalk of Late Maastrichtian age, which forms a carbonate platform in the subsurface of Møn about 27 m below sea level. Chalk displaced by glacial tectonics is not restricted to Høje Møn but also appears in smaller thrust sheets and rafts in the small-ridged landscape around Stege Nor. In the chalk sheets along Møns Klint, most of the Late Maastrichtian succession is exposed. Cliff sections with chalk are also exposed at Hvideklint along the south coast of the island. However, here the glaciotectonic shear deformation has commonly altered the lithology into a chalk glacitectonite. The oldest Quaternary units deposited on the pre-Quaternary unconformity are Saalian till as well as sand and clay from the Eemian Interglacial. These units are overlain by Early Weichselian sand. The next Quaternary succession, the Ristinge Klint Till Formation, was deposited during the Ristinge ice advance in the early Middle Weichselian about 55 000–50 000 years ago. Then followed the Kraneled Formation (new formation) consisting of fluvial and lacustrine deposits. The following Klintholm Till Formation (adjusted formation) was deposited during the Klintholm ice advance 35 000–32 000 years ago. The Klintholm Till Formation is overlain by a more than 10 m thick unit of greyish glaciolacustrine clay with dropstones. Glaciofluvial sand with thin-layered intercalations of laminated mud and diamictites of the Kobbelgård Formation (new formation) are related to this unit and interpreted as deposited in a huge, partly ice dammed lake covering a large part of the present Baltic Sea and the southern part of Kattegat 32 000 to 28 000 years ago. The Kobbelgård Formation is overlain by sand and gravel of the Stubberup Have Formation (new formation) and tills of the Mid Danish Till Formation deposited by the NE Ice Advance from central Sweden about 23 000–20 000 years ago. Relatively shortly after the NE ice had melted away, the Young Baltic Ice advanced from the eastern part of the Baltic area. North-directed compressive deformation during this advance created the glaciotectonic complex of Møns Klint including the new unit Møns Klint Glaciodynamic Sequence. In the southern part of the complex, a steeply inclined imbricated fan was formed; towards the foreland to the north, the thrust faults became gently dipping and the tip-zone of thrusting is located under the landslides at Liselund. The composite ridges form a characteristic hilly landscape with elongate crests trending E–W. The curved coastline along Hjelm Bugt was formed by a glacial lobe, north of which a push moraine was built up. A number of spillways striking radially northward from the lobe were formed by meltwater discharged from its glacier ports, including the Borre, Maglemose and Røddinge depressions. Deposition of sand and gravel of the Ny Borre Formation (new formation) took place at this time. During the advance of the Young Baltic Ice over southern Denmark to the Eastern Jutland stationary line, a relatively thin lodgement till of the Lolland Till Formation was deposited, which is rich in chalk due to its truncation of the upthrusted chalk sheets. Towards the end of the Weichselian glaciation c. 17 000 years ago, the Young Baltic Ice melted back, leaving a residual ice cap in Skåne from where a recessive ice advance towards south-west reached Møns Klint, resulting in superimposed glaciotectonic deformation. During the Late Weichselian, freshwater lakes in the Hjelm, Tøvelde and Høje Møn areas were filled by clay and gyttja, with deposition that continued into the Holocene. During the Holocene, the former spillways were turned into fjords during the Atlantic transgression. Marine deposits mirroring the Littorina Sea are thus found in Maglemose and Borre Sømose. After the Atlantic transgression had established a sea level more or less corresponding to that of today, accretion of marine forelands and formation of a spit system started. In particular, this is the case for the areas of Ulvshale and Nyord. At the same time, vegetation migrated out into the numerous fjords, and peat began to accumulate. The last phase of sedimentation is confined to the formation of beach ridges in the coastal areas, typically covered by aeolian dunes, as can be seen on the coast at Klintholm Havn and Råbylille as well as along the north-eastern coast of Ulvshale.