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Vargas-Vera, Maria, and Miklos Nagy. "Experiences on the Evaluation of DSSim." International Journal of Knowledge Society Research 6, no. 2 (April 2015): 20–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijksr.2015040102.
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This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of DSSim (DSSim stands for Similarity based on Dempster-Shafer), our ontology alignment system. The authors participated several years in the annual evaluation defined by the Ontology Alignment Initiative (OAEI). Each year their DSSim was evolved and participated in more difficult tracks defined by the Ontology Alignment Initiative. In fact, DSSim obtained exceptional results in the OAEI-2008 Evaluation. In this evaluation (OAEI-2008), DSSim participated on all given tracks namely, benchmark, anatomy, fao, directory, mldirectory, library, very large crosslingual resources and conference. The challenges presented by each track were addressed by the DSSim team.
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Ramar, Kaladevi, and . "Heterogeneity Management Using OAEI Benchmark Dataset." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.12 (July 20, 2018): 481. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.12.16163.
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The evolution of ontologies and itsapplications are in various fields like artificial intelligence, reasoning, philosophy, biological science, and medical field. The components of ontologiesare concepts, instance, relationships, constraints, axioms and inference mechanism. Ontology is a main source for enabling interoperability in the semantic web. In this paper heterogeneities are identified between information systems and the possible rectification are carried out using OAEI benchmark datasets. Proposed method is compared with S-Match algorithm. The evaluation results shows that proposed method is performed better and structure changes of input ontologies not affect the results.
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Ardjani, Fatima, and Djelloul Bouchiha. "A New Approach Based on the Bee Optimization Algorithm for Ontology Alignment." International Journal of Information Retrieval Research 9, no. 4 (October 2019): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijirr.2019100102.
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The ontology alignment process aims at generating a set of correspondences between entities of two ontologies. It is an important task, notably in the semantic web research, because it allows the joint consideration of resources defined in different ontologies. In this article, the authors developed an ontology alignment system called ABCMap+. It uses an optimization method based on artificial bee colonies (ABC) to solve the problem of optimizing the aggregation of three similarity measures of different matchers (syntactic, linguistic and structural) to obtain a single similarity measure. To evaluate the ABCMap+ ontology alignment system, authors considered the OAEI 2012 alignment system evaluation campaign. Experiments have been carried out to get the best ABCMap+'s alignment. Then, a comparative study showed that the ABCMap+ system is better than participants in the OAEI 2012 in terms of Recall and Precision.
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Ferrara, A., A. Nikolov, J. Noessner, and F. Scharffe. "Evaluation of instance matching tools: The experience of OAEI." Journal of Web Semantics 21 (August 2013): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.websem.2013.05.004.
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Topper, R. P. M., J. Trabucho Alexandre, E. Tuenter, and P. Th Meijer. "A regional ocean circulation model for the mid-Cretaceous North Atlantic Basin: implications for black shale formation." Climate of the Past Discussions 6, no. 5 (October 29, 2010): 2371–421. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-6-2371-2010.
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Abstract. High concentrations of organic matter accumulated in marine sediments during Oceanic Anoxic Events (OAEs) in the Cretaceous. Model studies examining these events invariably make use of global ocean circulation models. In this study, a regional model for the North Atlantic Basin during OAE2 at the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary is developed. A first order check of the results is performed by comparison with the results of a recent global Cenomanian CCSM3 run from which boundary and initial conditions were obtained. The regional model is able to maintain tracer patterns and to produce velocity patterns similar to the global model. The sensitivity of basin tracer and circulation patterns to changes in the geometry of the connections with the global ocean is examined with three experiments with different bathymetries near the sponges. Different geometries turn out to have little effect on tracer distribution, but do affect circulation and upwelling patterns. The regional model is also used to test the hypothesis that ocean circulation may be behind the deposition of black shales during OAEs. Three scenarios are tested which are thought to represent pre-OAE, OAE and post-OAE situations. Model results confirm that Pacific intermediate inflow together with coastal upwelling can have enhanced primary production during OAE2. A low sea level in the pre-OAE scenario can inhibit large scale black shale formation, as can the opening of the Equatorial Atlantic Seaway in the post-OAE scenario.
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Topper, R. P. M., J. Trabucho Alexandre, E. Tuenter, and P. Th Meijer. "A regional ocean circulation model for the mid-Cretaceous North Atlantic Basin: implications for black shale formation." Climate of the Past 7, no. 1 (March 21, 2011): 277–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-277-2011.
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Abstract. High concentrations of organic matter accumulated in marine sediments during Oceanic Anoxic Events (OAEs) in the Cretaceous. Model studies examining these events invariably make use of global ocean circulation models. In this study, a regional model for the North Atlantic Basin during OAE2 at the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary has been developed. A first order check of the results has been performed by comparison with the results of a recent global Cenomanian CCSM3 run, from which boundary and initial conditions were obtained. The regional model is able to maintain tracer patterns and to produce velocity patterns similar to the global model. The sensitivity of the basin tracer and circulation patterns to changes in the geometry of the connections with the global ocean is examined with three experiments with different bathymetries near the sponges. Different geometries turn out to have little effect on tracer distribution, but do affect circulation and upwelling patterns. The regional model is also used to test the hypothesis that ocean circulation may have been behind the deposition of black shales during OAEs. Three scenarios are tested which are thought to represent pre-OAE, OAE and post-OAE situations. Model results confirm that Pacific intermediate inflow together with coastal upwelling could have enhanced primary production during OAE2. A low sea level in the pre-OAE scenario could have inhibited large scale black shale formation, as could have the opening of the Equatorial Atlantic Seaway in the post-OAE scenario.
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van Hage, Willem Robert, Margherita Sini, Lori Finch, Hap Kolb, and Guus Schreiber. "The OAEI food task: An analysis of a thesaurus alignment task." Applied Ontology 5, no. 1 (2010): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ao-2010-0072.
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Freymueller, Nicholas A., Jason R. Moore, and Corinne E. Myers. "An analysis of the impacts of Cretaceous oceanic anoxic events on global molluscan diversity dynamics." Paleobiology 45, no. 02 (April 10, 2019): 280–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pab.2019.10.
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AbstractOceanic anoxic events (OAEs) are contemporaneous with 11 of the 18 largest Phanerozoic extinction events, but the magnitude and selectivity of their paleoecological impact remains disputed. OAEs are associated with abrupt, rapid warming and increased CO2flux to the atmosphere; thus, insights from this study may clarify the impact of current anthropogenic climate change on the biosphere. We investigated the influence of the Late Cretaceous Bonarelli event (OAE2; Cenomanian/Turonian stage boundary; ~94 Ma) on generic- and species-level molluscan diversity, extinction rates, and ecological turnover. Cenomanian/Turonian results were compared with changes across all Cretaceous stage boundaries, some of which are coincident with less severe OAEs. We found increased generic turnover, but not species-level turnover, associated with several Cretaceous OAEs. The absence of a species-level pattern may reflect species occurrence data that are too temporally coarse to robustly detect patterns. Five hypotheses of ecological selectivity relating anoxia to survivorship were tested across stage boundaries with respect to faunality, mobility, and diet using generalized linear models. Interestingly, benthic taxa were consistently selected against throughout the Cretaceous regardless of the presence or absence of OAEs. These results suggest that: (1) the Cenomanian/Turonian boundary (OAE2) was associated with a decline in molluscan diversity and increase in extinction rate that were significantly more severe than Cretaceous background levels; and (2) no differential ecological selectivity was associated with OAE-related diversity declines among the variables tested here.
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Aradhana, Aparna, Gadadhar Sarangi, Prasant Saboth, and Radha Tripathy. "Assessment of Hearing Impairment in NICU Graduates by Otoacoustic Emission and Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry Tests." Journal of Neonatology 34, no. 3 (September 2020): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0973217920951878.
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Objectives: To find out the incidence of hearing impairment in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)-admitted newborns and to correlate between several risk factors. Design: Prospective observational study. Setting: In a tertiary teaching hospital of Odisha between October 2014 and October 2016. Study population: 100 newborns delivered in the institution and admitted in NICU with usual indications and risk factors that underwent otoacoustic emission 1 and 2 (OAE1, OAE2) and Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry (BERA). Results: 84 babies in OAE1 and 86 babies in OAE2 got “pass” results. In BERA test, 92 babies got normal waveform. 7 (13.7%) of 51 premature babies, 5 (38.5%) of 13 very low birth weight babies, 7 (17.5%) of 40 babies receiving ototoxic medication for >5 days, 7 (31.8%) of 22 babies with hyperbilirubinemia, 6 (42.9%) of 14 babies with sepsis, 5 (20%) of 20 babies with birth asphyxia, 3 (60%) of 5 babies under mechanical ventilation for >5 days, 1 baby with ear abnormality, and 1 (50%) out of 2 babies with congenital infections had hearing impairment and statistically significant association with abnormal OAE and BERA test. Conclusion: There is high incidence of hearing loss in NICU-admitted newborns. OAE and BERA both should be performed for complete evaluation of hearing. Important risk factors are elaborated. Predischarge hearing assessment in NICU is most important.
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Macho, Mikele, and Miren Basaras. "Osasun-asistentziarekin erlazionatutako infekzioen epidemiologia eta kontrola." EKAIA Euskal Herriko Unibertsitateko Zientzia eta Teknologia Aldizkaria, no. 37 (May 1, 2020): 25–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1387/ekaia.20753.
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Osasun-asistentziarekin erlazionatutako infekzioak (OAEI) hainbat osasun-eremutan osasun-arreta jasotzeagatik gaixoek paira ditzaketen infekzioak dira. Infekzio hauek ez dira gaixoetan bakarrik azaltzen; osasun-langileei, bestelako langileriari eta gaixoen bisitariei ere kalte egin diezaiekete. Infekzio hauen ondorioz, gaixoen morbilitatea eta heriotza-tasa areagotu egiten da eta, aldi berean, antimikrobianoen aurkako erresistentziak eta kostu ekonomikoak handitu egiten dira. Europa mailan % 5,7k (3,2 milioi pertsona) pairatzen du honelako infekzioa urtero eta Espainia mailan infekzio hauen prebalentzia % 4,8koa da. Espainian, OAEI usuenak dira gernubidekoa, arnasbidekoak, kokapen kirurgikoko infekzioak eta bakteriemiak. Mikroorganismo ezberdinak daude inplikatuak infekzio mota horietan, baina bakterioak dira ugarienak. Infekzioak murrizteko, funtsezkoa da osasun-eremua ahalik garbiena mantentzea, eta bertan biltzen den pertsona orok mikroorganismoen trans- misioa gutxitzeko neurriak hartzea. Hori dela eta, OAEIen zaintza eta prebentziorako neurriak aurrera eramatea funtsezkoa da ahalik paziente gutxiena kaltetzeko. Neurri horiek infekzioaren kate epidemiologikoaren elementuak moldatzera bideratuta daude eta lau taldetan sailka daitezke: neurri estandarrak, transmisio-bidearen araberako neurriak, osasun-eremuaren ingurumen neurriak eta infekzioen kontrol eta zaintzarako prozedura espezifikoak. Horien artean daude eskularruak, maskarak edo mantala jartzea; airearen edo ur laginen kontrol mikrobiologikoa; elikagaien kudeaketaren gainekoak; gaixoen eta osasun-langileen txertoen bidezko immunizazioa edo antibiotikoen bidezko profilaxia. Baina neurri horietatik garrantzitsuena eta mundu-mailan hedatuta dagoena osasun-profesionalek, bisitariek eta baita pazienteek ere burutu behar duten eskuen higienea da, hori baita infekzio hauek murrizteko ekintzarik eraginkorrena, Munduko osasun Erakundeak aipatzen duen moduan »Arreta garbia, arreta seguruagoa» kanpainan. OAEIak eragin ditzaketen mikroorganismo ohikoenak zeintzuk diren jakinik, horien transmisioa ekiditeko eta, horrela, infekzioen tratamendu egokiena aukeratzeko neurriak hobeto har daitezke.
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Wu, Zhen Le, Ying Li, Yong Bin Wang, and Yan Jiao Zang. "Continual Word Embedding Based for Matching Lightweight Ontologies." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 6281–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.6281.
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Ontology matching is the task of finding alignments between two different ontologies. It has become the key point of building knowledge base and integrating heterogeneous data. In this paper, a novel ontology matching approach that is based on continual word embedding is proposed. We describe in details how is skip-gram model adapted to capture the semantic of words to learn the word embedding. After computing the name similarity of concepts, similarity flooding algorithm is used to fix the initial similarity. Experiments on Ontology Alignment Evaluation Initiative (OAEI) benchmark without instances show that the proposed method significantly improves the quality of mappings.
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Karakitsios, V., H. Tsikos, K. Agiadi - Katsiaouni, S. Dermitzoglou, and E. Chatziharalambous. "THE USE OF CARBON AND OXYGEN STABLE ISOTOPES IN THE STUDY OF GLOBAL PALAEOCEANOGRAPHIC CHANGES: EXAMPLES FROM THE CRETACEOUS SEDIMENT ROCKS OF WESTERN GREECE." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 39, no. 1 (September 10, 2006): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.18445.
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In the present paper we examine the use of carbon and oxygen stable isotopes in the study of global palaeoceanographic changes, with special reference to the oceanic anoxic events (OAEs). The analysis of stable isotopes was applied to the examination of Cretaceous sediments from the Ionian and Pindos zones of Western Greece. In the Ionian zone the carbon and oxygen stable isotopes, combined with biostratigraphic data, record the palaeoenvironmental change corresponding to the anoxic events Bonarelli (Cenomanian/Turonian, OAE2) and Paquier (Lower Albian, OAE1b). In the Pindos zone, within the Cretaceous sediments, we observed two organic-carbon-rich levels. According to the biostratigraphic and isotopie analysis, the first level corresponds to an OAE of Santonian age. This local oceanic anoxic event is described for the first time. The second level, Aptian - Albian age, possibly correlates to either the Paquier event (OAE 1b) or the Selli event (OAE 1a), which in Greece were until now known only in the Ionian zone.
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Vargas-Vera, Maria, and Miklos Nagy. "State of the Art on Ontology Alignment." International Journal of Knowledge Society Research 6, no. 1 (January 2015): 17–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijksr.2015010102.
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Ontology mapping as a semantic data integration approach has evolved from traditional data integration solutions. The core problems and open issues related to early data integration approaches are also applicable to ontology mapping on the Semantic Web community. Therefore, in this review the authors present the related literature, starting from the traditional data integration approaches, in order to highlight the evolution of data integration from the early approaches. Once the roots of semantic data integration have been presented, the authors proceed to introduce the state-of-the-art of the ontology mappings systems including the early approaches and the systems that can be compared through the Ontology Alignment Initiative (OAEI).
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Ryma, Guefrouchi, and Kholladi Mohamed-Khireddine. "Genetic Algorithm With Hill Climbing for Correspondences Discovery in Ontology Mapping." Journal of Information Technology Research 12, no. 4 (October 2019): 153–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jitr.2019100108.
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Meta-heuristics are used as a tool for ontology mapping process in order to improve their performance in mapping quality and computational time. In this article, ontology mapping is resolved as an optimization problem. It aims at optimizing correspondences discovery between similar concepts of source and target ontologies. For better guiding and accelerating the concepts correspondences discovery, the article proposes a meta-heuristic hybridization which incorporates the Hill Climbing method within the mutation operator in the genetic algorithm. For test concerns, syntactic and lexical similarities are used to validate correspondences in candidate mappings. The obtained results show the effectiveness of the proposition for improving mapping performances in quality and computational time even for large OAEI ontologies.
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Zerhouni, Mourad, and Sidi Mohamed Benslimane. "Large-Scale Ontology Alignment- An Extraction Based Method to Support Information System Interoperability." International Journal of Strategic Information Technology and Applications 10, no. 2 (April 2019): 59–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsita.2019040104.
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Ontology alignment is an important way of establishing interoperability between Semantic Web applications that use different but related ontologies. Ontology alignment is the process of identifying semantically equivalent entities from multiple ontologies. This is not always obvious because technical constraints such as data volume and execution time are determining factors in the choice of an alignment algorithm. Nowadays, partitioning and modularization are two main strategies for breaking down large ontologies into blocks or ontology modules respectively to align ontologies. This article proposes ONTEM as an effective alignment method for large-scale ontology based on the ontology entities extraction. This article conducts a comprehensive evaluation using the datasets of the OAEI 2018 campaign. The obtained results are promising, and they revealed that ONTEM is one of the most effective systems.
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Xue, Xingsi, and Jianhua Liu. "A Compact Hybrid Evolutionary Algorithm for Large Scale Instance Matching in Linked Open Data Cloud." International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 26, no. 04 (August 2017): 1750013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218213017500130.
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Establishing correct links among the coreference ontology instances is critical to the success of Linked Open Data (LOD) cloud. However, because of the high level heterogeneity and large scale instance set, matching the coreference instances in LOD cloud is an error prone and time consuming task. To this end, in this work, we present an asymmetrical profile-based similarity measure for instance matching task, construct new optimal models for schema-level and instance-level matching problems, and propose a compact hybrid evolutionary algorithm based ontology matching approach to solve the large scale instance matching problem in LOD cloud. Finally, the experimental results of comprising our approach with the states of the art systems on the instance matching track of OAEI 2015 and real-world datasets show the effectiveness of our approach.
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Mishra, Srikanta K., and Michelle Hernandez. "Temporal Features of Otoacoustic Emissions." Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups 2, no. 2 (January 2017): 169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/persp2.sig2.169.
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The true power of otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) continues to be explored. OAE spectral characteristics are typically studied in research and applied in the clinic. However, OAE temporal aspects are relatively underexplored. Not using temporal features is similar to ignoring nearly half of the information that OAEs provide. Besides providing information related to the generation of OAEs and cochlear mechanics, the temporal characteristics have important clinical implications, such as for assessing frequency selectivity, characterizing the strength of the efferent auditory system. This review provides a general synopsis of the fundamental principles of OAE delay and latency and discusses some of the relevant applications in probing the strength of the efferent neural pathway and frequency selectivity. It is expected that the reader will gain an overview of the implications of the latency or phase behavior of OAEs.
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Biniz, Mohamed, and Rachid El Ayachi. "Optimizing Ontology Alignments by Using Neural NSGA-II." Journal of Electronic Commerce in Organizations 16, no. 1 (January 2018): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jeco.2018010103.
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In this article, the authors propose a new hybrid approach based on a continuous Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) and a neural network to refine the alignment results. This approach consists of three phases: (i) pre-alignment phase which allows to identify the formats of input ontologies, to adapt them and to transform them into Ontology Web Language (OWL) in order to solve the problem of heterogeneity of representation. (ii) alignment phase which combines syntactic and linguistic matching techniques and methods, based on the relevant attributes per different points of syntactic and structural technic. (iii) The post-alignment phase which optimizes the matching by a hybrid technique of continuous NSGA-II and networks of neurons. This approach is compared with the greatest systems per the Ontology Alignment Evaluation Initiative (OAEI) standard. The experimental results appear that the proposed approach is effective.
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Gulić, Marko, and Marin Vuković. "An Iterative Automatic Final Alignment Method in the Ontology Matching System." Journal of information and organizational sciences 42, no. 1 (June 26, 2018): 39–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31341/jios.42.1.3.
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Ontology matching plays an important role in the integration of heterogeneous data sources that are described by ontologies. In order to determine correspondences between ontologies, a set of matchers can be used. After the execution of these matchers and the aggregation of the results obtained by these matchers, a final alignment method is executed in order to select appropriate correspondences between entities of compared ontologies. The final alignment method is an important part of the ontology matching process because it directly determines the output result of this process. In this paper we improve our iterative final alignment method by introducing an automatic adjustment of final alignment threshold as well as a new rule for determining false correspondences with similarity values greater than adjusted threshold. An evaluation of the method is performed on the test ontologies of the OAEI evaluation contest and a comparison with other final alignment methods is given.
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Krishnamurthy, Saruladha, Arthi Janardanan, and B. Akoramurthy. "Rough Set Based Ontology Matching." International Journal of Rough Sets and Data Analysis 5, no. 2 (April 2018): 46–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijrsda.2018040103.
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Ontologies enriches the knowledge and add meaning to the data residing in semantic web. Ontology matching identifies concepts for matching in source ontologies to the target ontologies to eliminate heterogeneities. Despite using similarity measures for identifying similar concepts, the ontology matching systems fails to handle uncertainty. This paper proposes a rough set based ontology matching system to handle uncertainty which aims (i)to optimize concepts considered for matching by using concept type classification(ii) to use rough set concepts using indiscernibility relations and reducts (iii) to apply criterion of realism – a decision making under uncertainty criteria. The experiments conducted in the OAEI benchmark data sets, RSOM system yielded an increase of 8% in precision. The combined approach of using reduct and indiscenibilty relations reduces the number of concepts considered for matching among uncertain entities to about 70% in comparison to the existing systems and increases the accuracy of results by using criterion of realism.
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Khiat, Abderrahmane, and Moussa Benaissa. "A New Instance-Based Approach for Ontology Alignment." International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems 11, no. 3 (July 2015): 25–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijswis.2015070102.
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Due to the increasing number of information sources available on the web and their distribution and heterogeneity, ontology alignment became a very important and inevitable problem to resolve in order to ensure semantic interoperability between these sources. Instance-based ontology alignment represents a very promising technique to find semantic correspondences between entities of different ontologies. In practice, two situations may arise: ontologies that share common instances and those share few or do not share common instances. In this paper, the authors describe a new approach to manage the latter case. This approach exploits the reasoning on ontologies in order to create a corpus of common instances. They have used the Biblio and Finance tests of Benchmark series of the OAEI 2012 evaluation campaign to evaluate the performance of their approach. The results obtained show the good performance of the authors' approach compared to ontology alignment systems and improves significantly the instance-based and reasoning-based methods.
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Zhu, Hongming, Xiaowen Wang, Yizhi Jiang, Hongfei Fan, Bowen Du, and Qin Liu. "FTRLIM: Distributed Instance Matching Framework for Large-Scale Knowledge Graph Fusion." Entropy 23, no. 5 (May 13, 2021): 602. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23050602.
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Instance matching is a key task in knowledge graph fusion, and it is critical to improving the efficiency of instance matching, given the increasing scale of knowledge graphs. Blocking algorithms selecting candidate instance pairs for comparison is one of the effective methods to achieve the goal. In this paper, we propose a novel blocking algorithm named MultiObJ, which constructs indexes for instances based on the Ordered Joint of Multiple Objects’ features to limit the number of candidate instance pairs. Based on MultiObJ, we further propose a distributed framework named Follow-the-Regular-Leader Instance Matching (FTRLIM), which matches instances between large-scale knowledge graphs with approximately linear time complexity. FTRLIM has participated in OAEI 2019 and achieved the best matching quality with significantly efficiency. In this research, we construct three data collections based on a real-world large-scale knowledge graph. Experiment results on the constructed data collections and two real-world datasets indicate that MultiObJ and FTRLIM outperform other state-of-the-art methods.
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Ghemmaz, Wafa, Fouzia Benchikha, and Maroua Bouzid. "Reusing Alignments for Discovering Instances Correspondences." International Journal of Web-Based Learning and Teaching Technologies 16, no. 4 (July 2021): 60–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijwltt.20210701.oa5.
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Recently, instance matching has become a key technology to achieve interoperability over datasets, especially in linked data. Due the rapid growth of published datasets, it attracts increasingly more research interest. In this context, several approaches have been proposed. However, they do not perform well since the problem of matching instances that possess different descriptions is not addressed. On the other hand, the usage of the identity link owl:sameAs is generally predominant in linking correspondences. Unfortunately, many existing identity links are misused. In this paper, the authors discuss these issues and propose an original instance matching approach aiming to match instances that hold diverse descriptions. Furthermore, a novel link named ViewSameAs is proposed. The key improvement compared to existing approaches is alignment reuse. Thus, two novel methods are introduced: ViewSameAs-based clustering and alignment reuse based on metadata. Experiments on datasets by considering those of OAEI show that the proposed approach achieves satisfying and highly accuracy results.
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Beil, Sebastian, Wolfgang Kuhnt, Ann Holbourn, Florian Scholz, Julian Oxmann, Klaus Wallmann, Janne Lorenzen, Mohamed Aquit, and El Hassane Chellai. "Cretaceous oceanic anoxic events prolonged by phosphorus cycle feedbacks." Climate of the Past 16, no. 2 (April 29, 2020): 757–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-757-2020.
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Abstract. Oceanic anoxic events (OAEs) document major perturbations of the global carbon cycle with repercussions for the Earth's climate and ocean circulation that are relevant to understanding future climate trends. Here, we compare the onset and development of Cretaceous OAE1a and OAE2 in two drill cores with unusually high sedimentation rates from the Vocontian Basin (southern France) and Tarfaya Basin (southern Morocco). OAE1a and OAE2 exhibit remarkable similarities in the evolution of their carbon isotope (δ13C) records, with long-lasting negative excursions preceding the onset of the main positive excursions, supporting the view that both OAEs were triggered by massive emissions of volcanic CO2 into the atmosphere. However, there are substantial differences, notably in the durations of individual phases within the δ13C positive excursions of both OAEs. Based on analysis of cyclic sediment variations, we estimate the duration of individual phases within OAE1a and OAE2. We identify (1) a precursor phase (negative excursion) lasting ∼430 kyr for OAE1a and ∼130 kyr for OAE2, (2) an onset phase of ∼390 and ∼70 kyr, (3) a peak phase of ∼600 and ∼90 kyr, (4) a plateau phase of ∼1340 and ∼200 kyr, and (5) a recovery phase of ∼380 and ∼440 kyr. The total duration of the positive δ13C excursion is estimated at 2700 kyr for OAE1a and 790 kyr for OAE2, and that of the main carbon accumulation phase is estimated at 980 and 180 kyr. The long-lasting peak, plateau and recovery phases imply fundamental changes in global nutrient cycles either (1) by submarine basalt–seawater interactions, (2) through excess nutrient inputs to the oceans by increasing continental weathering and river discharge, or (3) through nutrient recycling from the marine sediment reservoir. We investigated the role of phosphorus in the development of carbon accumulation by analysing phosphorus speciation across OAE2 and the mid-Cenomanian Event (MCE) in the Tarfaya Basin. The ratios of organic carbon and total nitrogen to reactive phosphorus (Corg∕Preact and Ntotal∕Preact) prior to OAE2 and the MCE hover close to or below the Redfield ratio characteristic of marine organic matter. Decreases in reactive phosphorus resulting in Corg∕Preact and Ntotal∕Preact above the Redfield ratio during the later phase of OAE2 and the MCE indicate leakage from the sedimentary column into the water column under the influence of intensified and expanded oxygen minimum zones. These results suggest that a positive feedback loop, rooted in the benthic phosphorus cycle, contributed to increased marine productivity and carbon burial over an extended period of time during OAEs.
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Xue, Xingsi, Xiaojing Wu, Chao Jiang, Guojun Mao, and Hai Zhu. "Integrating Sensor Ontologies with Global and Local Alignment Extractions." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2021 (February 5, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6625184.
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In order to enhance the communication between sensor networks in the Internet of things (IoT), it is indispensable to establish the semantic connections between sensor ontologies in this field. For this purpose, this paper proposes an up-and-coming sensor ontology integrating technique, which uses debate mechanism (DM) to extract the sensor ontology alignment from various alignments determined by different matchers. In particular, we use the correctness factor of each matcher to determine a correspondence’s global factor, and utilize the support strength and disprove strength in the debating process to calculate its local factor. Through comprehensively considering these two factors, the judgment factor of an entity mapping can be obtained, which is further applied in extracting the final sensor ontology alignment. This work makes use of the bibliographic track provided by the Ontology Alignment Evaluation Initiative (OAEI) and five real sensor ontologies in the experiment to assess the performance of our method. The comparing results with the most advanced ontology matching techniques show the robustness and effectiveness of our approach.
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Bower, Charles M., and Patti F. Martin. "Universal Pediatric Hearing Screening." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 112, no. 5 (May 1995): P149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0194-5998(05)80392-4.
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Wu, Jifang, Jianghua Lv, Haoming Guo, and Shilong Ma. "DAEOM: A Deep Attentional Embedding Approach for Biomedical Ontology Matching." Applied Sciences 10, no. 21 (November 8, 2020): 7909. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10217909.
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Ontology Matching (OM) is performed to find semantic correspondences between the entity elements of different ontologies to enable semantic integration, reuse, and interoperability. Representation learning techniques have been introduced to the field of OM with the development of deep learning. However, there still exist two limitations. Firstly, these methods only focus on the terminological-based features to learn word vectors for discovering mappings, ignoring the network structure of ontology. Secondly, the final alignment threshold is usually determined manually within these methods. It is difficult for an expert to adjust the threshold value and even more so for a non-expert user. To address these issues, we propose an alternative ontology matching framework called Deep Attentional Embedded Ontology Matching (DAEOM), which models the matching process by embedding techniques with jointly encoding ontology terminological description and network structure. We propose a novel inter-intra negative sampling skill tailored for the structural relations asserted in ontologies, and further improve our iterative final alignment method by introducing an automatic adjustment of the final alignment threshold. The preliminary result on real-world biomedical ontologies indicates that DAEOM is competitive with several OAEI top-ranked systems in terms of F-measure.
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Li, Yingxin, Zhou Jianhui, Jihong Liu, and Yongzhu Hou. "Matching Large Scale Ontologies Based on Filter and Verification." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (May 22, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8107968.
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Ontology matching is an effective method to realize intercommunication and interoperability between heterogeneous systems. The essence of ontology matching is to discover the similar entity pairs between source ontology and target ontology, which is a process calculating the similarity between entities in ontologies. The similarity can be calculated utilizing various features between entity pairs, such as string similarity, structural similarity, and semantic similarity. The larger the ontology scale, the lower the efficiency and accuracy rate of ontology matching. As the ontology scale increases, the amount of entities in ontologies will be larger and the ontologies will become more heterogeneous. This paper proposes an innovative method of matching large scale ontologies based on filter and verification, which firstly reduces the heterogeneous of large scale ontologies in the filter phase and then matches the reduced ontologies in the verification phase. Large scale ontologies will be partitioned into several subontologies to get a proper scale before matching. The benchmark of Anatomy and Food in OAEI is adopted to evaluate the proposed method, and the experimental result illuminates that the recall rate is improved in the situation of retaining efficiency and accuracy rate using the proposed method.
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Xue, Xingsi, Jie Chen, Junfeng Chen, and Dongxu Chen. "Using Compact Coevolutionary Algorithm for Matching Biomedical Ontologies." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2018 (October 8, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2309587.
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Over the recent years, ontologies are widely used in various domains such as medical records annotation, medical knowledge representation and sharing, clinical guideline management, and medical decision-making. To implement the cooperation between intelligent applications based on biomedical ontologies, it is crucial to establish correspondences between the heterogeneous biomedical concepts in different ontologies, which is so-called biomedical ontology matching. Although Evolutionary algorithms (EAs) are one of the state-of-the-art methodologies to match the heterogeneous ontologies, huge memory consumption, long runtime, and the bias improvement of the solutions hamper them from efficiently matching biomedical ontologies. To overcome these shortcomings, we propose a compact CoEvolutionary Algorithm to efficiently match the biomedical ontologies. Particularly, a compact EA with local search strategy is able to save the memory consumption and runtime, and three subswarms with different optimal objectives can help one another to avoid the solution’s bias improvement. In the experiment, two famous testing cases provided by Ontology Alignment Evaluation Initiative (OAEI 2017), i.e. anatomy track and large biomed track, are utilized to test our approach’s performance. The experimental results show the effectiveness of our proposal.
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Nadon, Vincent, Annelies Bockstael, Dick Botteldooren, and Jérémie Voix. "Field Monitoring of Otoacoustic Emissions During Noise Exposure: Pilot Study in Controlled Environment." American Journal of Audiology 26, no. 3S (October 12, 2017): 352–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2017_aja-17-0003.
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Purpose In spite of all the efforts to implement workplace hearing conservation programs, noise-induced hearing loss remains the leading cause of disability for North American workers. Nonetheless, an individual's susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss can be estimated by monitoring changes in hearing status in relation to the level of ambient noise exposure. The purpose of this study was to validate an approach that could improve workplace hearing conservation practices. The approach was developed using a portable and robust system designed for noisy environments and consisted of taking continuous measurements with high temporal resolution of the health status of the inner ear using otoacoustic emissions (OAEs). Method A pilot study was conducted in a laboratory, exposing human subjects to industrial noise recordings at realistic levels. In parallel, OAEs were measured periodically using the designed OAE system as well as with a commercially available OAE system, used as a reference. Results Variations in OAE levels were analyzed and discussed along with the limitations of the reference and designed systems. Conclusions This study demonstrates that the monitoring of an individual's OAEs could be useful in monitoring temporary changes in hearing status induced by exposure to ambient noise and could be considered as a new tool for effective hearing conservation programs in the workplace.
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Papsin, Emily, Adrienne L. Harrison, Mattia Carraro, and Robert V. Harrison. "Contralateral Ear Occlusion for Improving the Reliability of Otoacoustic Emission Screening Tests." International Journal of Otolaryngology 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/248187.
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Newborn hearing screening is an established healthcare standard in many countries and testing is feasible using otoacoustic emission (OAE) recording. It is well documented that OAEs can be suppressed by acoustic stimulation of the ear contralateral to the test ear. In clinical otoacoustic emission testing carried out in a sound attenuating booth, ambient noise levels are low such that the efferent system is not activated. However in newborn hearing screening, OAEs are often recorded in hospital or clinic environments, where ambient noise levels can be 60–70 dB SPL. Thus, results in the test ear can be influenced by ambient noise stimulating the opposite ear. Surprisingly, in hearing screening protocols there are no recommendations for avoiding contralateral suppression, that is, protecting the opposite ear from noise by blocking the ear canal. In the present study we have compared transient evoked and distortion product OAEs measured with and without contralateral ear plugging, in environmental settings with ambient noise levels <25 dB SPL, 45 dB SPL, and 55 dB SPL. We found out that without contralateral ear occlusion, ambient noise levels above 55 dB SPL can significantly attenuate OAE signals. We strongly suggest contralateral ear occlusion in OAE based hearing screening in noisy environments.
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Bergevin, Christopher, Geoffrey A. Manley, and Christine Köppl. "Salient features of otoacoustic emissions are common across tetrapod groups and suggest shared properties of generation mechanisms." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 11 (March 3, 2015): 3362–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1418569112.
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Otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) are faint sounds generated by healthy inner ears that provide a window into the study of auditory mechanics. All vertebrate classes exhibit OAEs to varying degrees, yet the biophysical origins are still not well understood. Here, we analyzed both spontaneous (SOAE) and stimulus-frequency (SFOAE) otoacoustic emissions from a bird (barn owl, Tyto alba) and a lizard (green anole, Anolis carolinensis). These species possess highly disparate macromorphologies of the inner ear relative to each other and to mammals, thereby allowing for novel insights into the biomechanical mechanisms underlying OAE generation. All ears exhibited robust OAE activity, and our chief observation was that SFOAE phase accumulation between adjacent SOAE peak frequencies clustered about an integral number of cycles. Being highly similar to published results from human ears, we argue that these data indicate a common underlying generator mechanism of OAEs across all vertebrates, despite the absence of morphological features thought essential to mammalian cochlear mechanics. We suggest that otoacoustic emissions originate from phase coherence in a system of coupled oscillators, which is consistent with the notion of “coherent reflection” but does not explicitly require a mammalian-type traveling wave. Furthermore, comparison between SFOAE delays and auditory nerve fiber responses for the barn owl strengthens the notion that most OAE delay can be attributed to tuning.
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Zhu, Hai, Xingsi Xue, Chengcai Jiang, and He Ren. "Multiobjective Sensor Ontology Matching Technique with User Preference Metrics." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2021 (March 16, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5594553.
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Due to the problem of data heterogeneity in the semantic sensor networks, the communications among different sensor network applications are seriously hampered. Although sensor ontology is regarded as the state-of-the-art knowledge model for exchanging sensor information, there also exists the heterogeneity problem between different sensor ontologies. Ontology matching is an effective method to deal with the sensor ontology heterogeneity problem, whose kernel technique is the similarity measure. How to integrate different similarity measures to determine the alignment of high quality for the users with different preferences is a challenging problem. To face this challenge, in our work, a Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithm (MOEA) is used in determining different nondominated solutions. In particular, the evaluating metric on sensor ontology alignment’s quality is proposed, which takes into consideration user’s preferences and do not need to use the Reference Alignment (RA) beforehand; an optimization model is constructed to define the sensor ontology matching problem formally, and a selection operator is presented, which can make MOEA uniformly improve the solution’s objectives. In the experiment, the benchmark from the Ontology Alignment Evaluation Initiative (OAEI) and the real ontologies of the sensor domain is used to test the performance of our approach, and the experimental results show the validity of our approach.
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Xue, Xingsi, Chaofan Yang, Chao Jiang, Pei-Wei Tsai, Guojun Mao, and Hai Zhu. "Optimizing Ontology Alignment through Linkage Learning on Entity Correspondences." Complexity 2021 (February 5, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5574732.
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Data heterogeneity is the obstacle for the resource sharing on Semantic Web (SW), and ontology is regarded as a solution to this problem. However, since different ontologies are constructed and maintained independently, there also exists the heterogeneity problem between ontologies. Ontology matching is able to identify the semantic correspondences of entities in different ontologies, which is an effective method to address the ontology heterogeneity problem. Due to huge memory consumption and long runtime, the performance of the existing ontology matching techniques requires further improvement. In this work, an extended compact genetic algorithm-based ontology entity matching technique (ECGA-OEM) is proposed, which uses both the compact encoding mechanism and linkage learning approach to match the ontologies efficiently. Compact encoding mechanism does not need to store and maintain the whole population in the memory during the evolving process, and the utilization of linkage learning protects the chromosome’s building blocks, which is able to reduce the algorithm’s running time and ensure the alignment’s quality. In the experiment, ECGA-OEM is compared with the participants of ontology alignment evaluation initiative (OAEI) and the state-of-the-art ontology matching techniques, and the experimental results show that ECGA-OEM is both effective and efficient.
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Baldwin, Stacey M., Byron J. Gajewski, and Judith E. Widen. "An Evaluation of the Cross-Check Principle Using Visual Reinforcement Audiometry, Otoacoustic Emissions, and Tympanometry." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 21, no. 03 (March 2010): 187–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.21.3.7.
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Background: Early intervention to reduce the effects of congenital hearing loss requires accurate description of hearing loss. In pediatric audiology, a cross-check principle is used to compare behavioral and physiological tests. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the correspondence of visual reinforcement audiometry (VRA) minimal response levels (MRLs), otoacoustic emissions (OAEs), tympanometry, and VRA test reliability to determine the odds of obtaining the expected cross-check results. We hypothesized that (1) when MRLs were within normal limits (WNL), OAEs would be present; (2) in the event of normal MRLs and absent OAEs, tympanograms would be abnormal; and (3) in the event of elevated MRLs and present OAEs, the tester's confidence in the MRLs would be judged to be only fair, rather than good. Research Design: This was a retrospective study. Study Sample: A previous study provided data from 993 infants who had diagnostic audiologic evaluations at 8–12 mo of age. Data Collection and Analysis: The data were analyzed to compare VRA MRLs with OAE signal-to-noise ratios at 1, 2, and 4 kHz. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated to test the three hypotheses related to the correspondence among MRLs, OAEs, tympanometry, and the reliability of MRLs. Results: The probability that OAEs would be present when MRLs were WNL varied from 12 to 26 to 1, depending on the test frequency. When OAEs were absent in the presence of normal MRLs, the odds of abnormal tympanometry varied from 5 to 10 to 1, depending on the test frequency. When MRLs were elevated (>20 dB HL), the odds suggested that examiners judged the MRLs at 1 and 2 kHz to lack reliability. Conclusion: The results suggest that the cross-check principle is effective when employing VRA, OAE, and tympanometry to rule out or determine the degree, type, and configuration of hearing loss in infants.
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Crouwel, Femke, M. Meurs-Szojda, M. Klemt-Kropp, P. Fockens, and M. Grasman. "The diagnostic yield of open-access endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract in the Netherlands." Endoscopy International Open 06, no. 04 (March 29, 2018): E383—E394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-123185.
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Abstract Background and study aims Since the introduction of open-access esophago-gastroduodenoscopy (OAE) there is an increase in the total number of performed OAEs whilst the frequency of clinical relevant findings has decreased. The aim of this study was to assess the appropriate use and the diagnostic yield of OAE in the Netherlands and to determine which patient variables are able to predict a malignant finding. Patients and methods A retrospective chart review of all referrals for diagnostic OAE between October 2012 and October 2016 at the Northwest Clinics was performed. The indications were recorded from the referral letter and were classified as “appropriate” or “inappropriate” according to the NHG guideline. Logistic regression was used to detect significant predictive variables for a malignancy. Results A total of 2006 patients were included, of whom 59.6 % had an ‘appropriate’ referral indication. The diagnostic yield of finding a clinical relevant finding was significantly higher for OAEs with an “appropriate” referral indication. Independent risk factors for malignancy were alarm symptoms, age and male gender with a combined AUC of 0.868. Conclusions Only 3.8 % of the malignancies would be missed by strict adherence to the guideline. This indicates that the open-access system in the Netherlands works well. Further improvement of the system can be achieved by only accepting appropriate indications for OAE and by treating patients under the age of 40 without OAE. We showed that a risk-prediction model based on the variables age, alarm symptoms and male gender is a good predictor of malignant finding.
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Xue, Xingsi, Jiawei Lu, Chengcai Jiang, and Yikun Huang. "Sensor Ontology Metamatching with Heterogeneity Measures." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2020 (November 25, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6666228.
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The heterogeneity problem among different sensor ontologies hinders the interaction of information. Ontology matching is an effective method to address this problem by determining the heterogeneous concept pairs. In the matching process, the similarity measure serves as the kernel technique, which calculates the similarity value of two concepts. Since none of the similarity measures can ensure its effectiveness in any context, usually, several measures are combined together to enhance the result’s confidence. How to find suitable aggregating weights for various similarity measures, i.e., ontology metamatching problem, is an open challenge. This paper proposes a novel ontology metamatching approach to improve the sensor ontology alignment’s quality, which utilizes the heterogeneity features on two ontologies to tune the aggregating weight set. In particular, three ontology heterogeneity measures are firstly proposed to, respectively, evaluate the heterogeneity values in terms of syntax, linguistics, and structure, and then, a semiautomatically learning approach is presented to construct the conversion functions that map any two ontologies’ heterogeneity values to the weights for aggregating the similarity measures. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that heterogeneity features are proposed and used to solve the sensor ontology metamatching problem. The effectiveness of the proposal is verified by comparing with using state-of-the-art ontology matching techniques on Ontology Alignment Evaluation Initiative (OAEI)’s testing cases and two pairs of real sensor ontologies.
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Huang, Yikun, Xingsi Xue, and Chao Jiang. "Optimizing Ontology Alignment through Improved NSGA-II." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2020 (June 19, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8586058.
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Over the past decades, a large number of complex optimization problems have been widely addressed through multiobjective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs), and the knee solutions of the Pareto front (PF) are most likely to be fitting for the decision maker (DM) without any user preferences. This work investigates the ontology matching problem, which is a challenge in the semantic web (SW) domain. Due to the complex heterogeneity between two different ontologies, it is arduous to get an excellent alignment that meets all DMs’ demands. To this end, a popular MOEA, i.e., nondominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II), is investigated to address the ontology matching problem, which outputs the knee solutions in the PF to meet diverse DMs’ requirements. In this study, for further enhancing the performance of NSGA-II, we propose to incorporate into NSGA-II’s evolutionary process the monkey king evolution algorithm (MKE) as the local search algorithm. The improved NSGA-II (iNSGA-II) is able to better converge to the real Pareto optimum region and ameliorate the quality of the solution. The experiment uses the famous benchmark given by the ontology alignment evaluation initiative (OAEI) to assess the performance of iNSGA-II, and the experiment results present that iNSGA-II is able to seek out preferable alignments than OAEI’s participators and NSGA-II-based ontology matching technique.
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Hall, James W., Jane E. Baer, Patricia A. Chase, and Mitchell K. Schwaber. "Clinical Application of Otoacoustic Emissions: What do we Know about Factors Influencing Measurement and Analysis?" Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 110, no. 1 (January 1994): 22–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019459989411000103.
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Three electrophysiologic audiologic procedures-aural immittance measurement, auditory brainstem response (ABR), and otoacoustic emissions (OAE) — were first described in the 1970's. Immittance measurement and ABR have contributed importantly for years to the assessment of auditory function in children and adults, whereas OAEs have not yet been incorporated into the everyday audiology test battery. In this article, we argue that the transition from OAE measurement by hearing scientists in laboratory settings to routine application by audiologists in the clinic will be greatly facilitated by (1) comprehensive, large-scale studies of the effects of subject characteristics, such as gender and age (from infancy to advancing adulthood), on both transient evoked (TEOAE) and distortion product (DPOAE) otoacoustic emissions; (2) clinical investigations of TEOAE and DPOAE in sizeable patient populations with specific neurotologic diagnoses; (3) guidelines for OAE test protocols in clinical environments; and (4) clear criteria for OAE analysis in clinical populations.
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Zhou, Lu, Michelle Cheatham, Adila Krisnadhi, and Pascal Hitzler. "GeoLink Data Set: A Complex Alignment Benchmark from Real-world Ontology." Data Intelligence 2, no. 3 (July 2020): 353–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/dint_a_00054.
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Ontology alignment has been studied for over a decade, and over that time many alignment systems and methods have been developed by researchers in order to find simple 1-to-1 equivalence matches between two ontologies. However, very few alignment systems focus on finding complex correspondences. One reason for this limitation may be that there are no widely accepted alignment benchmarks that contain such complex relationships. In this paper, we propose a real-world data set from the GeoLink project as a potential complex ontology alignment benchmark. The data set consists of two ontologies, the GeoLink Base Ontology (GBO) and the GeoLink Modular Ontology (GMO), as well as a manually created reference alignment that was developed in consultation with domain experts from different institutions. The alignment includes 1:1, 1:n, and m:n equivalence and subsumption correspondences, and is available in both Expressive and Declarative Ontology Alignment Language (EDOAL) and rule syntax. The benchmark has been expanded from its original version to contain real-world instance data from seven geoscience data providers that has been published according to both ontologies. This allows it to be used by extensional alignment systems or those that require training data. This benchmark has been incorporated into the Ontology Alignment Evaluation Initiative (OAEI) complex track to help researchers test their automated alignment systems and algorithms. This paper also analyzes the challenges inherent in effectively generating, detecting, and evaluating complex ontology alignments and provides a road map for future work on this topic.
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FREDDO, ADEMIR ROBERTO, and CESAR AUGUSTO TACLA. "POAM: PARTIAL ALIGNMENT OF ONTOLOGIES IN DIALOG OF AGENTS BASED ON CONCEPT SIMILARITY." International Journal of Semantic Computing 04, no. 03 (September 2010): 357–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793351x10001048.
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This paper describes a method to partially align ontologies in dialogs of agents which use different ontologies. The method aims at aligning in execution time only the concepts necessary to the agents fulfill the current dialog. Thus, reducing the number of concepts to be searched in the target ontology is a very important requirement for agents' mutual understanding. The proposed method (named POAM, acronym for Partial Ontology Alignment Method) uses syntactical and linguistic techniques to group concepts together. The underlying rationale of POAM is that a person perceives an object and immediately identifies some properties. Even never before seen objects can be interpreted independently of any class, because properties in the real world exist independently of any class. Hence, similarity between a pair of concepts is calculated based on the similarity of their properties. A set of measures including syntactical, structural and semantic ones are used to calculate similarity between the properties associated to the concepts. A property signature vector is created for each concept and the similarity between two concepts is given by the distance between the corresponding vectors in a high dimensional space. We demonstrate that POAM reduces the number of candidate mappings when aligning concepts in a dialog of agents by means of an evaluation using ontologies from the bibliographic domain of the Ontology Alignment Evaluation Initiative (OAEI). We also show that POAM performs satisfactorily well considering the quality of results measured with the precision and recall metrics.
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Huang, Yikun, Xingsi Xue, and Chao Jiang. "Semantic Integration of Sensor Knowledge on Artificial Internet of Things." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2020 (July 25, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8815001.
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Artificial Internet of Things (AIoT) integrates Artificial Intelligence (AI) with the Internet of Things (IoT) to create the sensor network that can communicate and process data. To implement the communications and co-operations among intelligent systems on AIoT, it is necessary to annotate sensor data with the semantic meanings to overcome heterogeneity problem among different sensors, which requires the utilization of sensor ontology. Sensor ontology formally models the knowledge on AIoT by defining the concepts, the properties describing a concept, and the relationships between two concepts. Due to human’s subjectivity, a concept in different sensor ontologies could be defined with different terminologies and contexts, yielding the ontology heterogeneity problem. Thus, before using these ontologies, it is necessary to integrate their knowledge by finding the correspondences between their concepts, i.e., the so-called ontology matching. In this work, a novel sensor ontology matching framework is proposed, which aggregates three kinds of Concept Similarity Measures (CSMs) and an alignment extraction approach to determine the sensor ontology alignment. To ensure the quality of the alignments, we further propose a compact Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm (cPSO) to optimize the aggregating weights for the CSMs and a threshold for filtering the alignment. The experiment utilizes the Ontology Alignment Evaluation Initiative (OAEI)’s conference track and two pairs of real sensor ontologies to test cPSO’s performance. The experimental results show that the quality of the alignments obtained by cPSO statistically outperforms other state-of-the-art sensor ontology matching techniques.
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Xue, Xingsi, Xiaojing Wu, and Junfeng Chen. "Optimizing Biomedical Ontology Alignment through a Compact Multiobjective Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm Driven by Knee Solution." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2020 (May 1, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4716286.
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Nowadays, most real-world decision problems consist of two or more incommensurable or conflicting objectives to be optimized simultaneously, so-called multiobjective optimization problems (MOPs). Usually, a decision maker (DM) prefers only a single optimum solution in the Pareto front (PF), and the PF’s knee solution is logically the one if there are no user-specific or problem-specific preferences. In this context, the biomedical ontology matching problem in the Semantic Web (SW) domain is investigated, which can be of help to integrate the biomedical knowledge and facilitate the translational discoveries. Since biomedical ontologies often own large-scale concepts with rich semantic meanings, it is difficult to find a perfect alignment that could meet all DM’s requirements, and usually, the matching process needs to trade-off two conflict objectives, i.e., the alignment’s recall and precision. To this end, in this work, the biomedical ontology matching problem is first defined as a MOP, and then a compact multiobjective particle swarm optimization algorithm driven by knee solution (CMPSO-K) is proposed to address it. In particular, a compact evolutionary mechanism is proposed to efficiently optimize the alignment’s quality, and a max-min approach is used to determine the PF’s knee solution. In the experiment, three biomedical tracks provided by Ontology Alignment Evaluation Initiative (OAEI) are used to test CMPSO-K’s performance. The comparisons with OAEI’s participants and PSO-based matching technique show that CMPSO-K is both effective and efficient.
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Xue, Xingsi, Xiaojing Wu, Jie Zhang, Lingyu Zhang, Hai Zhu, and Guojun Mao. "Aggregating Heterogeneous Sensor Ontologies with Fuzzy Debate Mechanism." Security and Communication Networks 2021 (May 26, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2878684.
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Aiming at enhancing the communication and information security between the next generation of Industrial Internet of Things (Nx-IIoT) sensor networks, it is critical to aggregate heterogeneous sensor data in the sensor ontologies by establishing semantic connections in diverse sensor ontologies. Sensor ontology matching technology is devoted to determining heterogeneous sensor concept pairs in two distinct sensor ontologies, which is an effective method of addressing the heterogeneity problem. The existing matching techniques neglect the relationships among different entity mapping, which makes them unable to make sure of the alignment’s high quality. To get rid of this shortcoming, in this work, a sensor ontology extraction method technology using Fuzzy Debate Mechanism (FDM) is proposed to aggregate the heterogeneous sensor data, which determines the final sensor concept correspondences by carrying out a debating process among different matchers. More than ever, a fuzzy similarity metric is presented to effectively measure two entities’ similarity values by membership function. It first uses the fuzzy membership function to model two entities’ similarity in vector space and then calculate their semantic distance with the cosine function. The testing cases from Bibliographic data which is furnished by the Ontology Alignment Evaluation Initiative (OAEI) and six sensor ontology matching tasks are used to evaluate the performance of our scheme in the experiment. The robustness and effectiveness of the proposed method are proved by comparing it with the advanced ontology matching techniques.
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Jedrzejczak, W. Wiktor, Elżbieta Gos, Edyta Pilka, Piotr H. Skarzynski, Henryk Skarzynski, and Stavros Hatzopoulos. "Pitfalls in the Detection of Hearing Loss via Otoacoustic Emissions." Applied Sciences 11, no. 5 (March 2, 2021): 2184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11052184.
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Otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) are currently used as a valuable audiological test or as a hearing screening tool. There are many commercially available OAE recording systems that are used both for clinical practice and for research. However, there is little information in the literature comparing their performance in detecting hearing loss. The purpose of this prospective, nonrandomized, and controlled study was to evaluate the screening performance obtained from recent and older versions of the Otometrics Accuscreen OAE screening device in comparison with the Otodynamics ILO-292 OAE system, which has been used as the gold standard. Testing included otoscopic assessment, pure tone audiometry, tympanometry, and transiently evoked OAE (TEOAE) recordings. There was about a 77% agreement between the two versions of the Accuscreen device. Agreement between the two Accuscreen devices and the ILO was approximately 70% for the old and 80% for the new. The newer version of Accuscreen seems to perform better than the old, being more consistent with the reference ILO system and with the audiometry profiles of the tested subjects. In order to set robust standards for OAE evaluation and analysis, additional studies comparing different OAE hearing screening systems are needed.
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Jedrzejczak, W. Wiktor, Rafal Milner, Malgorzata Ganc, Edyta Pilka, and Henryk Skarzynski. "No Change in Medial Olivocochlear Efferent Activity during an Auditory or Visual Task: Dual Evidence from Otoacoustic Emissions and Event-Related Potentials." Brain Sciences 10, no. 11 (November 23, 2020): 894. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10110894.
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The medial olivocochlear (MOC) system is thought to be responsible for modulation of peripheral hearing through descending (efferent) pathways. This study investigated the connection between peripheral hearing function and conscious attention during two different modality tasks, auditory and visual. Peripheral hearing function was evaluated by analyzing the amount of suppression of otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) by contralateral acoustic stimulation (CAS), a well-known effect of the MOC. Simultaneously, attention was evaluated by event-related potentials (ERPs). Although the ERPs showed clear differences in processing of auditory and visual tasks, there were no differences in the levels of OAE suppression. We also analyzed OAEs for the highest magnitude resonant mode signal detected by the matching pursuit method, but again did not find a significant effect of task, and no difference in noise level or number of rejected trials. However, for auditory tasks, the amplitude of the P3 cognitive wave negatively correlated with the level of OAE suppression. We conclude that there seems to be no change in MOC function when performing different modality tasks, although the cortex still remains able to modulate some aspects of MOC activity.
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CORS, JEAN, ULRICH HEIMHOFER, THIERRY ADATTE, PETER A. HOCHULI, STEFAN HUCK, and TELM BOVER-ARNAL. "Climatic evolution across oceanic anoxic event 1a derived from terrestrial palynology and clay minerals (Maestrat Basin, Spain)." Geological Magazine 152, no. 4 (October 30, 2014): 632–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756814000557.
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AbstractStudies dealing with the response of the continental biosphere to the environmental perturbations associated with Cretaceous oceanic anoxic events (OAEs) are comparatively rare. Here, a quantitative spore-pollen record combined with clay mineral data is presented, which covers the entire early Aptian OAE 1a interval (Forcall Formation, Maestrat basin, east Spain). The well-expressed OAE 1a carbon-isotope anomaly is paralleled by changes in the clay mineral assemblage and by a stepwise decline in the normalized frequency ofClassopollispollen (produced by xerophytic Cheirolepidiaceae) with lowest contents occurring during the positive δ13C shift. In contrast,AraucariacitesandInaperturopollenitespollen show a pronounced increase in relative abundance from low background values to become a significant component of the palynological assemblage during theClassopollisminimum. The observed changes in clay minerals and pollen distribution patterns are interpreted to reflect a major change in the composition of the hinterland vegetation of the Maestrat Basin, most probably due to short-lived but pronounced climatic cooling and changes in humidity. Temperature anomalies driven by organic carbon burial and associated CO2decline have been postulated for all major Mesozoic OAEs. The palynomorph record from the Iberian Maestrat basins indicates that the climax of this cooling episode was significantly delayed in comparison to the end of organic carbon-rich deposition in the world oceans.
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Bu, Xingkuan, Xiaolu Li, and Carlie Driscoll. "The Chinese Hearing Questionnaire for School Children." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 16, no. 09 (October 2005): 687–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.16.9.6.
Full textAbstract:
Hearing loss is the most common of all disabilities in China, with three million of the 1.4 billion population affected. Recently, the release of an official neonatal hearing screening consensus has drawn attention to the importance of continued surveillance throughout childhood and the need for a system that is suited to the Chinese situation. The current research aimed to develop and evaluate a questionnaire for mass screening of school children in China. In Jiangsu Province, 317 rural students were screened using the Chinese Hearing Questionnaire for School Children (CHQS) and otoacoustic emissions (OAE). Test performance measures for the questionnaire method revealed average overall accuracy (A' = 0.54), while higher system accuracy was obtained for the OAEs (A' = 0.85). The OAE screening also produced very high efficiency and specificity values with reasonable sensitivity. Unlike the OAE protocol, the CHQS will require substantial modification to improve its sensitivity prior to utilization as a mass screening tool.
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Ruvalcaba Baroni, I., R. P. M. Topper, N. A. G. M. van Helmond, H. Brinkhuis, and C. P. Slomp. "Biogeochemistry of the North Atlantic during oceanic anoxic event 2: role of changes in ocean circulation and phosphorus input." Biogeosciences 11, no. 4 (February 20, 2014): 977–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-977-2014.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. The geological record provides evidence for the periodic occurrence of water column anoxia and formation of organic-rich deposits in the North Atlantic Ocean during the mid-Cretaceous (hereafter called the proto-North Atlantic). Both changes in primary productivity and oceanic circulation likely played a role in the development of the low-oxygen conditions. Several studies suggest that an increased input of phosphorus from land initiated oceanic anoxic events (OAEs). Other proposed mechanisms invoke a vigorous upwelling system and an ocean circulation pattern that acted as a trap for nutrients from the Pacific Ocean. Here, we use a detailed biogeochemical box model for the proto-North Atlantic to analyse under what conditions anoxia could have developed during OAE2 (94 Ma). The model explicitly describes the coupled water, carbon, oxygen and phosphorus cycles for the deep basin and continental shelves. In our simulations, we assume the vigorous water circulation from a recent regional ocean model study. Our model results for pre-OAE2 and OAE2 conditions are compared to sediment records of organic carbon and proxies for photic zone euxinia and bottom water redox conditions (e.g. isorenieratane, carbon/phosphorus ratios). Our results show that a strongly elevated input of phosphorus from rivers and the Pacific Ocean relative to pre-OAE2 conditions is a requirement for the widespread development of low oxygen in the proto-North Atlantic during OAE2. Moreover, anoxia in the proto-North Atlantic is shown to be greatly influenced by the oxygen concentration of Pacific bottom waters. In our model, primary productivity increased significantly upon the transition from pre-OAE2 to OAE2 conditions. Our model captures the regional trends in anoxia as deduced from observations, with euxinia spreading to the northern and eastern shelves but with the most intense euxinia occurring along the southern coast. However, anoxia in the central deep basin is difficult to achieve in the model. This suggests that the ocean circulation used in the model may be too vigorous and/or that anoxia in the proto-North Atlantic was less widespread than previously thought.
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Ruvalcaba-Baroni, I., R. P. M. Topper, N. A. G. M. van Helmond, H. Brinkhuis, and C. P. Slomp. "Was the North Atlantic Ocean well-ventilated during Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 in the mid-Cretaceous?" Biogeosciences Discussions 10, no. 8 (August 8, 2013): 13231–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-10-13231-2013.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. The geological record provides evidence for the periodic occurrence of water column anoxia and formation of organic-rich deposits in the North Atlantic Ocean during the mid-Cretaceous (hereafter called proto-North Atlantic). Both changes in primary productivity and oceanic circulation likely played a role in the development of the low oxygen conditions. Several studies suggest that an increased input of phosphorus from land initiated oceanic anoxic events (OAEs). Other proposed mechanisms invoke a vigorous upwelling system and an ocean circulation pattern that acted as a trap for nutrients from the Pacific Ocean. Here, we use a detailed biogeochemical box model for the proto-North Atlantic to analyse under what conditions anoxia could have developed during OAE2 (94 Ma). The model explicitly describes the coupled water, carbon, oxygen and phosphorus cycles for the deep basin and continental shelves. In our simulations, we assume the vigorous water circulation from a recent regional ocean model study. Our model results for pre-OAE2 and OAE2 conditions are compared to sediment records of organic carbon and proxies for photic zone euxinia and bottom water redox conditions (e.g. isorenieratane, carbon/phosphorus ratios). Our results show that a strongly elevated input of phosphorus from rivers and the Pacific Ocean relative to pre-OAE2 conditions is a requirement for the widespread development of low oxygen in the proto-North Atlantic during OAE2. Moreover, anoxia in the proto-North Atlantic is shown to be greatly influenced by the oxygen concentration of Pacific bottom waters. In our model, primary productivity increased significantly upon the transition from pre-OAE2 to OAE2 conditions. Our model captures the regional trends in anoxia as deduced from observations, with euxinia spreading to the northern and eastern shelves but with the most intense euxinia occurring along the southern coast. However, anoxia in the central deep basin is difficult to achieve in the model. This suggests that the ocean circulation used in the model may be too vigorous and/or that anoxia in the proto-North Atlantic was less widespread than previously thought.