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Books on the topic 'Obesity and Associated Comorbidities'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

McGowan, Anita Doris. Parenting styles associated with childhood obesity. National Library of Canada, 1993.

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2

Physical Activity in the Prevention and Treatment of Obesity and Its Comorbidities (1999 Indianapolis, Ind.). American College of Sports Medicine roundtable: Physical Activity in the Prevention and Treatment of Obesity and Its Comorbidities. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 1999.

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3

Hourani, Huda Mustafa Al. Nutritional factors associated with obesity in adolescent females in the United Arab Emirates. Oxford Brookes University, 2002.

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4

Wilma, Caldwell, and Kimball Chad T, eds. Obesity sourcebook: Basic consumer health information about diseases and other problems associated with obesity, and including facts about risk factors, prevention issues, and management approaches, along with statistical and demographic data, information about special populations, research updates, a glossary, and source listings for further help and information. Omnigraphics, 2001.

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5

Haroon, Muhammad. Co-morbidities. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198737582.003.0015.

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Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic, multisystem inflammatory condition where patients are at a higher risk for a number of major systemic comorbidities including cardiovascular disease, obesity, depression, uveitis, and cancer. These comorbidities which are frequently unrecognized or undertreated contribute significantly to the morbidity and mortality associated with PsA. There is emerging data further supporting the link between inflammation and cardiovascular disease. The detection and management of PsA patients with comorbidities requires a coordinated approach which is not yet clearly

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6

Gissey, Lidia Castagneto, James R. Casella Mariolo, Geltrude Mingrone, and Francesco Rubino. Metabolic surgery and depression. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198789284.003.0012.

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The incidence of obesity is rising worldwide and so are its comorbidities: type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), dyslipidaemia, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, sleep apnoea, and depression. Bariatric/metabolic surgery has established itself over the past several years as an effective treatment not only for morbid obesity but also for its associated morbidities. The effects of bariatric/metabolic surgery on depression are controversial, with some studies showing improvement and others demonstrating a worsening. However, a major drawback of these studies is that they do not compare patients wit

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7

Nutritional Pathophysiology of Obesity and its Comorbidities. Elsevier, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/c2014-0-04074-9.

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8

Pediatric Overweight and Obesity: Comorbidities, Trajectories, Prevention and Treatments. Springer International Publishing AG, 2023.

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9

Nutritional Pathophysiology of Obesity and Its Comorbidities: A Case-Study Approach. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2016.

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10

Ettinger, Susan. Nutritional Pathophysiology of Obesity and Its Comorbidities: A Case-Study Approach. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2016.

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11

TGF-β : the Missing Link in Obesity-Associated Airway Diseases?: Obesity Medicine Board Review Questions Obesity Questions Obesity Textbook Obesity Therapy Obesity in America Obesity Cure. Independently Published, 2021.

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12

Sokka, Tuulikki, Kari Puolakka, and Carl Turesson. Comorbidities of rheumatic disease. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0032.

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All other diseases that coexist with a disease of interest are called comorbidities. Comorbidities in inflammatory rheumatic diseases may be associated with persistent inflammatory activity or disease-related organ damage, or may be related to medications. Lifestyle choices such as smoking or physical inactivity contribute to comorbidity. Patients with rheumatic diseases meet health professionals regularly and are more often tested for osteoporosis or cholesterol levels than individuals without rheumatic disease, which may contribute to a higher prevalence of some comorbidities. Comorbidities

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13

Sokka, Tuulikki, Kari Puolakka, and Carl Turesson. Comorbidities of rheumatic disease. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0032_update_001.

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All other diseases that coexist with a disease of interest are called comorbidities. Comorbidities in inflammatory rheumatic diseases may be associated with persistent inflammatory activity or disease-related organ damage, or may be related to medications. Lifestyle choices such as smoking or physical inactivity contribute to comorbidity. Patients with rheumatic diseases meet health professionals regularly and are more often tested for osteoporosis or cholesterol levels than individuals without rheumatic disease, which may contribute to a higher prevalence of some comorbidities. Comorbidities

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14

Glandular Failure - Caused Obesity (and other associated promoters). The Bridge Medical Publishers, 2004.

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15

García, Dolores E. López, Ricardo Gómez-Nieto, and Norberto Garcia-Cairasco, eds. Challenges and Conundrums in Cannabinoid-Based Treatments for Epilepsy Syndromes and Associated Neurobehavioral Comorbidities. Frontiers Media SA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/978-2-88971-966-2.

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16

Obesity And Associated Eating Disorders A Guide For Mental Health Professionals. W.B. Saunders Company, 2011.

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17

Soffer, Jocelyn, and Harold W. Goforth. Endocrine Comorbidities in Persons with HIV. Edited by Mary Ann Cohen, Jack M. Gorman, Jeffrey M. Jacobson, Paul Volberding, and Scott Letendre. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199392742.003.0045.

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A wide range of endocrine abnormalities commonly accompany and complicate HIV infection, many of which have implications for psychiatrists and other mental health professionals working with this population. Such abnormalities include adrenal insufficiency, hypercortisolism, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, hypogonadism, decreased bone mineral density, and bone disease. Endocrinopathies are great mimickers of psychiatric disorders, manifesting in some cases as disturbances of mood, sleep, appetite, thought process, energy level, or general sense of well-being. Understanding the intricate and co

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18

Genetic Epidemiological Characterization of Two Major Obesity Candidate Genes: The 16p11.2 BP4-BP5 Microdeletion and the Fat-Mass and Obesity-Associated (FTO) Locus. [publisher not identified], 2016.

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19

Jayne, David. Treatment of ANCA-associated vasculitis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0132.

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The goals of treatment in anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA) vasculitis are to stop vasculitic activity, to prevent vasculitis returning, and to address longer-term comorbidities caused by tissue damage, drug toxicity, and increased cardiovascular and malignancy risk. Cyclophosphamide and high-dose glucocorticoids remain the standard induction therapy with alternative immunosuppressives, such as methotrexate or azathioprine, to prevent relapse. Refractory disease resulting from a failure of induction or remission maintenance therapy requires alternative agents and rituximab has been par

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20

Mohammed, Saira Saddia. Obesity is not associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in HIV-positive gay males. 2006.

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21

(Editor), Wilma Caldwell, and Chad T. Kimball (Editor), eds. Obesity Sourcebook: Basic Consumer Health Information About Diseases and Other Problems Associated With Obesity, and Including Facts About Risk Factors, ... Reference Series) (Health Reference Series). Omnigraphics, Inc., 2001.

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22

Chen, Mimi, and Rob Andrews. Obesity: epidemiology, prevention and management. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0336.

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Obesity has been around for more than 20 000 years, as evidenced by statuettes produced in the Stone Age. Body mass index (BMI), calculated as weight divided by the square of the height, is one of the simplest and most common ways of defining obesity. A BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 is classed as normal. BMI values of 25.0–29.9 suggest overweight, and any values over 30 are deemed obese. Across populations, BMI is closely associated with whole body adiposity, and the cut-off levels for overweight and obesity reflect the increasing risk of metabolic, cardiovascular, and other complications of obesi

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23

Riccardi, Gabriele, and Maria Masulli. Overweight, obesity, and abdominal adiposity. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199656653.003.0013.

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Obesity is a serious chronic disease of epidemic and global proportions. The incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is increased in obese people. Since overweight and obesity are associated with decreased lifespan, weight loss might be expected to improve long-term survival and to have beneficial effects on CVD risk. The therapeutic approaches for obesity are lifestyle changes, drugs, and bariatric surgery. Lifestyle modifications include modest weight loss and moderate-intensity physical activity. A low-fat (low saturated fat), low-sugar diet rich in fruit and vegetables, as well as legum

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24

Toledano, Roulhac D. Physiological changes associated with pregnancy. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198713333.003.0002.

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Pregnant patients pose several challenges to anaesthetists and other healthcare providers. Significant systemic and organ-specific changes accompany each stage of pregnancy, culminating during labour and delivery and in the early postpartum period. While healthy parturients tolerate these physiological adaptations to pregnancy well, patients with coexisting disease or pregnancy-related medical conditions may experience acute decompensation, with potential long-term sequelae. Alternatively, symptoms of a disease state may be obscured by pregnancy or mistaken for physiological changes of pregnan

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25

Hassink, Sandra G., and Richard Trubo, eds. A Parent’s Guide to Childhood Obesity. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/9781581105322.

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This award-winning guide provides solutions and resources for parents and other caregivers who are concerned about childhood obesity and overweight children. Obesity among children has reached epidemic levels in the US, affecting more than 9 million children. Not surprisingly, obesity can limit a child’s physical activity and affect his or her self-esteem. But what’s more worrisome are the health risks associated with being too heavy: type 2 diabetes, hypertension, liver disease and other diseases and conditions. A Parent’s Guide to Childhood Obesity: A Roadmap to Health provides solutions and

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26

Bender, David A. 4. Over-nutrition: problems of overweight and obesity. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199681921.003.0004.

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‘Over-nutrition: problems of overweight and obesity’ shows that Western society’s attitude to obesity has changed, and obesity is now considered to be undesirable. A desirable body weight and body mass index (BMI) in the range of 20 to 25 kg/m2 is associated with optimal life expectancy. The health risks of obesity are wide-ranging—including a major cause of early death from cancer, coronary heart disease, and type II diabetes—and it is placing a considerable financial strain on health services. Obesity is the result of increased availability and consumption of food, coupled with decreased phy

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27

Kumar, Navneet, Heather Henderson, Beverly D. Cameron, and Peter A. McCullough. Malnutrition, obesity, and undernutrition in chronic kidney disease. Edited by David J. Goldsmith. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0106_update_001.

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Both overnutrition resulting in obesity and undernutrition leading to protein energy wasting contribute to chronic kidney disease-related morbidity and adverse outcomes. Early in the course of chronic kidney disease, goals should be set for a healthy body weight and lifelong efforts should be encouraged to attain and keep this goal. For patients with progressive chronic kidney disease, the development of weight loss and protein energy wasting is an ominous sign and is a clinical signal for a myriad of adverse catabolic processes that have been associated with poor outcomes including hospitaliz

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28

Kanjia, Megha. Cerebral Palsy. Edited by Erin S. Williams, Olutoyin A. Olutoye, Catherine P. Seipel, and Titilopemi A. O. Aina. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190678333.003.0062.

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Cerebral palsy (CP) is a neurologic disorder characterized by spasticity and is strongly associated with prematurity and low birth weight. Patients with CP often have other related comorbidities including but not limited to gastroesophageal reflux disease, chronic aspiration, immobility, pulmonary conditions, epilepsy, and contractures. These conditions contribute to the need for repeated surgical procedures and also affect the patient’s anesthetic management. Special consideration should be placed on temperature homeostasis, patient positioning, procedural analgesia, and pulmonary support. Th

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29

Takeshita, Junko, and Joel M. Gelfand. Epidemiology of psoriasis. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198737582.003.0002.

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Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory disorder of the skin that is associated with multisystem effects. Approximately 125 million people worldwide are affected by psoriasis, nearly one quarter of whom have moderate to severe disease. The majority of patients with psoriasis have a waxing and waning course with variable periods of spontaneous disease improvement or clearance. A rapidly expanding body of epidemiologic literature suggests psoriasis to be associated with a greater comorbid disease burden than patients without psoriasis. In addition to psoriatic arthritis, cardiometabolic disea

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30

Altieri, Maria S., Christopher Gentile, and Aurora Pryor. Reflux, Esophagitis, and Chronic Nausea. Edited by Tomasz Rogula, Philip Schauer, and Tammy Fouse. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190608347.003.0032.

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Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) has emerged as a popular procedure for treatment of morbid obesity, with weight loss comparable to that with other procedures and with a relatively low number of postoperative complications. The benefits of LSG include its technical simplicity and its proven efficacy for reversal of obesity-related comorbidities. The association between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and LSG has been controversial. After LSG, GERD is described as either de novo GERD or an exacerbation of previous symptoms. This chapter reviews the current literature on reflux, esop

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31

Davey, Patrick, Sherif Gonem, Salman Siddiqui, and David Sprigings. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0134.

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The Global Initiative for Chronic Lung Disease (GOLD) states that ‘chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a common preventable and treatable disease, is characterised by persistent airflow limitation that is usually progressive and is associated with an enhanced chronic inflammatory response in the airways and the lung to noxious particles and gases. Exacerbations and comorbidities contribute to the overall severity in individual patients.’

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32

Unger, Annemarie, Gabriele Fischer, and Loretta P. Finnegan. Drug Dependence During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period. Edited by Amy Wenzel. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199778072.013.27.

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The chaotic lives of women who are drug dependent and their frequent lack of consistent prenatal care put them at risk for many medical problems during pregnancy. Illicit drug use during pregnancy also places women at increased risk for obstetrical complications. The complexity of medical problems in the pregnant drug abuser is complicated by the attendant psychosocial problems and psychiatric comorbidities seen in this population. Psychiatric diagnoses, treatment, and patient compliance are often hindered when the main focus of attention is on drug-related problems. The stigma associated with

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33

Naidu, Ramana K. Miscellaneous Pharmacology. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190217518.003.0009.

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This chapter discusses the unique and miscellaneous drugs that play a role in chronic pain management. The therapies can be used for analgesia, to address comorbidities associated with chronic pain, and to manage side effects associated with commonly used analgesics. Essentially, this chapter provides a diverse group of pharmacological questions that are important for the armamentarium of the pain physician. Topics range from neuroleptics to antispasticity drugs and sympatholytic drugs. Knowledge of these sometimes rarely used drugs can be highly useful in challenging situations.

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34

Dachsangvorn, Pikulkaew. Omphalocele and Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome. Edited by Kirk Lalwani, Ira Todd Cohen, Ellen Y. Choi, and Vidya T. Raman. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190685157.003.0004.

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This chapter discusses omphalocele, which is a neonatal abdominal wall defect through which abdominal visceral content herniates. Although omphalocele is similar in gross appearance to gastroschisis, it is more frequently associated with chromosomal abnormalities such as trisomies 13, 15, 18, and 21, and syndromes such as Beckwith-Wiedemann, Rieger’s, and prune belly syndrome. It is also more frequently associated with anomalies in other organ systems. Management of infants with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome and omphalocele can be challenging due to the concurrent risk of difficult airway and as

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35

Howland, Robert H. Multidisciplinary Treatments and Medications for Depressive Disorders and Comorbidity. Edited by C. Steven Richards and Michael W. O'Hara. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199797004.013.008.

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Compared with episodic depression, chronic depression and treatment resistant depression have higher rates of comorbidity, more persistent social and vocational disability, an increased risk of suicide, greater medical morbidity and mortality, and greater health care utilization and costs. A large number of antidepressant medications and other psychotropic drugs, depression-focused psychotherapies, and neuromodulation therapies are available for the treatment of depression. Many drugs or psychotherapies are used for the treatment of other psychiatric disorders or medical conditions, and they s

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36

Anderson, Leslie K., Stuart B. Murray, and Walter H. Kaye, eds. Clinical Handbook of Complex and Atypical Eating Disorders. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190630409.001.0001.

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The aim of this book is to collate what is known about an array of complicating factors for patients with eating disorders, serving as an accessible introduction to each of the comorbidities and symptom presentations highlighted in the volume. The Handbook of Complex and Atypical Eating Disorders presents the available data about atypical and complex ED, in addition to what is known about treatment approaches. The first section contains chapters on the treatment of eating disorders with various psychiatric comorbidities, including trauma, borderline personality disorder, substance use, suicida

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37

Jones, Bryn. Complications of total knee replacement. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199550647.003.008007.

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♦ 81–89% overall patient satisfaction following total knee replacement♦ 1 in 8 patients experience unexplained postoperative pain♦ Obesity, increasing age, and medical comorbidities increase the risk of postoperative complications♦ Prosthetic infection rate at 1 year is 1–2%♦ Preoperative range of movement often determines postoperative range♦ Low risk of acute vascular event and neurological and ligamentous injury♦ Duration and method of venous thromboprophylaxis remains controversial♦ Periprosthetic femoral and tibial fractures require stabilisation. Fixation of periprosthetic patella fractu

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38

Lammers, Gert Jan. Narcolepsy with cataplexy. Edited by Sudhansu Chokroverty, Luigi Ferini-Strambi, and Christopher Kennard. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199682003.003.0014.

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Narcolepsy with cataplexy is caused by disturbed cerebral hypocretin (also called orexin) transmission. It results in impaired physiological boundaries of wake and sleep stages and their specific components, leading to clinical symptoms such as excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), impaired sustained attention, disturbed nocturnal sleep, cataplexy, and hypnagogic hallucinations. This chapter discusses the consequences for daily life of the disorder, the diagnostic challenges, particularly the interpretation of the results of the multiple sleep latency test (MSLT), the presumed cause and pathophy

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39

Orcutt, Molly, Kristine Steffen, and James E. Mitchell. Eating Disorders and Problematic Eating Behaviors After Bariatric Surgery. Edited by W. Stewart Agras and Athena Robinson. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190620998.013.25.

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Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for severe obesity and its weight-related comorbidities. As the use of bariatric surgery has increased, concerns have arisen about problematic eating behaviors (EBs) and eating disorders (EDs) in this population. This chapter describes the current literature detailing EDs and problematic EBs and weight control practices (WCPs) in the post-bariatric-surgery population. It begins with a description of EDs in this population. Next, it describes problematic EBs, followed by a review of postoperative gastrointestinal problems that influence EBs. Thi

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40

Cross, Helen. Seizures and related disorders in children. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198569381.003.0693.

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Epilepsy is most prevalent at each end of the age spectrum—the very young and the very old. Up to 1 per cent of the childhood population will have active epilepsy at any time. Of these 60–70 per cent will be controlled on medication or enter into spontaneous remission, however the remainder will continue to have seizures despite the range of treatment available. There will be associated comorbidity of learning and behaviour difficulties in a significant proportion, and these may take precedence in management over the seizures themselves. Careful evaluation of each individual child with regard

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41

Samson, Brandon H., and James D. Scott. Understanding the Use of Antiretroviral Drugs in the Aging Patient. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190493097.003.0031.

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The prevalence of HIV infection is increasing in the older population. Because of other comorbidities, older patients infected with HIV may be taking multiple medications, which increases the risk of drug–drug interactions. Treatment of HIV in aging patients is based on the consideration of adverse effects associated by antiretroviral therapy (ART) with regard to renal, hepatic, cardiovascular, metabolic, and bone health, as well as the potential for increased drug–drug interactions. Because ART is associated with both beneficial and deleterious effects, health care providers should weigh the

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42

Ross, Lisa. Electroconvulsive Therapy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190495756.003.0029.

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The anesthetic management of patients who receive electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for various psychiatric conditions in both the inpatient and the outpatient settings must take into account a number factors, such as its associated physiologic responses, existing comorbidities, medication management, monitoring, complications, and contraindications in order for it to remain a safe procedure. This chapter reviews the indications for ECT, the preprocedure anesthetic evaluation; theories regarding the therapeutic mechanism of action leading to the efficacy of ECT; cerebrovascular, cardiovascular,

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43

Koh, J., and I. Aliason. Anesthetic Management for Patients with Cerebral Palsy. Edited by Kirk Lalwani, Ira Todd Cohen, Ellen Y. Choi, and Vidya T. Raman. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190685157.003.0036.

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Cerebral palsy is a disorder of muscle tone and often of movement, most commonly due to prenatal damage of the immature brain. It is a diagnosis that encompasses a wide range of symptoms, many of which require surgical intervention. Anesthesiologists regularly care for patients with cerebral palsy as they undergo a variety of orthopedic, dental, neuro, and general surgeries. To provide the best possible care for patients with cerebral palsy, anesthesiologists need to understand the commonly associated comorbidities, be able to assess each individual patient’s cognitive and communication abilit

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44

Harvey, Michelle Keese, and Ihab Ayad. Cleft Palate, Cleft Lip, and Pierre Robin Sequence. Edited by Kirk Lalwani, Ira Todd Cohen, Ellen Y. Choi, and Vidya T. Raman. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190685157.003.0020.

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Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) is characterized by micrognathia, glossoptosis, and airway obstruction. Often associated with cleft palate, PRS is usually an isolated finding but is associated with a syndrome one-third of the time. The micrognathia and glossoptosis lead to airway obstruction, respiratory compromise, and feeding difficulties. Severe cases and prolonged and repeated airway obstruction and respiratory distress can lead to failure to thrive, hypoxemia, pulmonary hypertension, cardiac arrest, and death. Treatment options for the management of airway obstruction in PRS depends on the de

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45

Timperley, Jonathan, and Sandeep Hothi. Acute breathlessness. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0012.

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Acute breathlessness or dyspnoea is the new onset of an unpleasant awareness of breathing, at rest or at a level of exercise, which did not previously cause symptoms. It is often associated with other symptoms—including wheeze, cough, chest pain, and palpitation—which, together with the patient’s comorbidities, help shape the differential diagnosis. Five disorders—decompensated heart failure, exacerbations of asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumonia, and pulmonary embolism—account for 80% of diagnoses. In older patients, acute breathlessness often results from multiple interr

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46

Holbrook, Anna I. Vascular Calcifications. Edited by Christoph I. Lee, Constance D. Lehman, and Lawrence W. Bassett. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190270261.003.0034.

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Vascular calcifications lie within the artery wall, and appear to be linear, usually in association with blood vessels. The parallel or “tram-track” appearance of the calcifications in opposite walls of the artery is pathognomonic. They are more prevalent with age. They are also associated with diabetes, renal disease, hyperparathyroidism, parity, and history of lactation, and possibly, cardiovascular disease. Vascular calcifications in the breast are within the arterial wall media, where they are known as Mönckeberg medial calcific sclerosis. This chapter reviews the key imaging features, ima

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47

Low, Aaron, and Andrew Pittaway. Neonatal Stridor. Edited by Kirk Lalwani, Ira Todd Cohen, Ellen Y. Choi, and Vidya T. Raman. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190685157.003.0002.

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Stridor is a common pediatric and neonatal sign that can sometimes be associated with life-altering or even life-threatening consequences. In the neonatal population, it is often due to use of an endotracheal tube that is too small, laryngomalacia, and subglottic stenosis. Patients often present with co-existing neonatal comorbidities such as patent ductus arteriosus and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Management of these patients is often complex, requiring exquisite teamwork by otolaryngology surgeons and pediatric anesthesiologists. This chapter reviews the pathophysiology of neonatal stridor a

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48

Thompson, Norris B., and SreyRam Kuy. Multivariable Predictors of Postoperative Surgical Site Infection after General and Vascular Surgery. Edited by SreyRam Kuy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199384075.003.0013.

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This landmark study proposed a model for predicting surgical site infections (SSI). Using logistic regression analysis, variables independently associated with increased risk of SSI were identified, which included smoking, alcohol use, comorbidities, disseminated cancer, weight loss greater than 10%, emergency surgery, and length of operative time. This chapter describes the basics of the study, including funding, year study began, year study was published, study location, who was studied, who was excluded, how many patients, study design, study intervention, follow-up, endpoints, results, and

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49

Eldar, Shai Meron, and Ofer Eldar. Complications and Challenges of Bariatric Surgery in Super-Obese Patients. Edited by Tomasz Rogula, Philip Schauer, and Tammy Fouse. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190608347.003.0017.

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While the lower weight limits for bariatric surgery are already strictly set, the upper weight limits are still undetermined. The extremely obese patient deserves special consideration: significant comorbidities, technical difficulties, and increased postoperative morbidity and mortality are all expected in this patient population.In view of these factors, how should super-obese patients (BMI > 50 kg/m2) be approached, and is there any preferred procedure? Is there a point where operative risk outweighs surgical benefits? Bariatric surgery for super-obese and super-super-obese patients, inc

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Colameco, Stephen. Pain and Addiction in Patients with Co-Occurring Medical Disorders (DRAFT). Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190265366.003.0026.

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Distinct from Chapter 24, on co-occurring psychiatric disorders, this chapter addresses common physical comorbidities that give rise to chronic pain and are notorious for associated substance use disorders. The concept of “pseudo-addiction” is explored as one of several contributors to common misperceptions of the analgesic needs of such patients. Examples of entities discussed are chronic low back pain, sleep apnea, chronic pancreatitis, cirrhosis, and HIV infection or AIDS-related pain. While not intrinsically painful, sleep apnea merits inclusion as it arises in conjunction with sedative-hy

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