Journal articles: 'Objective- and subjective assessment'

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Campbell, H. "Risk assessment: subjective or objective?" Engineering Science & Education Journal 7, no. 2 (April 1, 1998): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/esej:19980202.

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Usui, Nobuo, Kazuhiro Kawano, Koichi Ito, and Madoka Ishibashi. "Subjective and Objective Assessment of UPPP." Practica Oto-Rhino-Laryngologica 95, no. 8 (2002): 831–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.95.831.

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Murray, Brian James. "Subjective and Objective Assessment of Hypersomnolence." Sleep Medicine Clinics 12, no. 3 (September 2017): 313–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsmc.2017.03.007.

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Murray, Brian James. "Subjective and Objective Assessment of Hypersomnolence." Sleep Medicine Clinics 15, no. 2 (June 2020): 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsmc.2020.02.005.

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Claros-Salinas, Dolores, Daniel Bratzke, and Hannes Schröter. "Subjective and objective assessment of fatigue." Journal of the Neurological Sciences 298, no. 1-2 (November 2010): 165–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2010.08.005.

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van Empel, Pieter J., Lennart B. van Rijssen, Joris P. Commandeur, Mathilde G. E. Verdam, Judith A. Huirne, Fedde Scheele, H. Jaap Bonjer, and W. Jeroen Meijerink. "Objective versus Subjective Assessment of Laparoscopic Skill." ISRN Minimally Invasive Surgery 2013 (July 2, 2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/686494.

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Background. The equality of subjective- and objective-assessment methods in laparoscopic surgery are unknown. The aim of this study was to compare a subjective assessment method to an objective assessment method to evaluate laparoscopic skill. Methods. A prospective observational cohort study was conducted. Seventy-two residents completed a basic laparoscopic suturing task on a box trainer at two consecutive assessment points. Laparoscopic skill was rated subjectively using the Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills (OSATS) list and objectively using the TrEndo, an augmented-reality simulator. Results. TrEndo scores between the two assessment points correlated. OSATS scores did not correlate between the two assessment points. There was a correlation between TrEndo and OSATS scores at the first assessment point, but not at the second assessment point. Overall, OSATS scores correlated with TrEndo scores. There was a greater spread within OSATS scores compared to TrEndo scores. Conclusion. OSATS scores correlated with TrEndo scores. The TrEndo may be more responsive at rating individual’s laparoscopic skill, as demonstrated by a smaller overall spread in TrEndo scores. The additional value of objective assessment methods over conventional assessment methods as provided by laparoscopic simulators should be investigated.

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Yamada, Teppei, Yoichiro Yoshida, Naoya Aisu, Taisuke Matsuoka, Daibo Kojima, Syu Tanimura, Seiichiro Hoshino, et al. "Subjective and objective assessment of oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy." Journal of Clinical Oncology 33, no. 3_suppl (January 20, 2015): 772. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.33.3_suppl.772.

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772 Background: Oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy (PN), for which no therapy has been firmly established, is a critical factor that makes the continuation of chemotherapy difficult. Numbness and pain are currently evaluated using subjective methods such as the visual analog scale (VAS). However, because the assessment of pain can greatly vary depending on the mood and physical state of the patient at the time of assessment, it is best to objectively evaluate pain. Therefore, a method for objective assessment is also required to evaluate drugs designed to ameliorate PN. Pain Vision PS-2100 (PV) is an analytical instrument that was designed to quantitatively and objectively assess sense perception and nociception in a patient. Although it is used in the field of anesthesiology, there have been no reports concerning its use for the assessment of oxaliplatin-induced PN. Methods: The present study examined the correlation of subjective and objective assessment results using VAS and PV, respectively, for cases of oxaliplatin-induced PN. Subjects comprised 58 patients with colorectal cancer who underwent chemotherapy at the Fukuoka University. Results: Both VAS and PV assessments of PN were performed 173 times in total, and partial correlation coefficient analysis adjusted by subject and gender. The VAS and PV mean values of PN were 20.5 (0–100) and 27.9 (0–416), respectively. The partial correlation coefficient was 0.258 (p=0.0053). Conclusions: Although both assessments evaluated the same events, no strong correlation was observed between the results and a weak correlation was observed between VAS and PV. These results suggest that because VAS and PV each measure different factors, both subjective and objective assessments of drugs designed to ameliorate oxaliplatin-induced PN are necessary.

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Orwig, Russell L., and Michael D. Fimmen. "Quality of Life Comparison: Objective Assessment versus Subjective Assessment." Journal of Baccalaureate Social Work 11, no. 1 (September 1, 2005): 30–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18084/1084-7219.11.1.30.

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Quality of life assessment has been proposed as a possible research tool for evaluating the life experiences of individuals in different cultures. The bulk of the literature on quality of life recognizes the existence of two separate but related measures of quality of life: objective measures (tangible and observable measures) and subjective measures (cognitive assessment or satisfaction with existing tangibles). The question is whether the subjective and objective measure of general quality of life of one culture can be used to assess or predict the quality of life in another. The current investigation suggests quality of life is best assessed within the context of the culture in which the individual resides and makes recommendations for social work education to reinforce cultural sensitivity through study abroad in order to prepare future social workers to meet the social service demands in a globalized world.

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Malata, C. M., J. C. Boot, E. T. Bradbury, A. R. B. Ramli, and D. T. Sharpe. "Congenital breast asymmetry: subjective and objective assessment." British Journal of Plastic Surgery 47, no. 2 (1994): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0007-1226(94)90166-x.

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BEILKEN, S. L., L. M. EADIE, P. N. JONES, and P. V. HARRIS. "Objective and Subjective Assessment of Australian Sausages." Journal of Food Science 56, no. 3 (May 1991): 636–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1991.tb05346.x.

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Stewart, Michael G., and Timothy L. Smith. "Objective versus Subjective Outcomes Assessment in Rhinology." American Journal of Rhinology 19, no. 5 (September 2005): 529–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/194589240501900518.

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Background Prior studies on the relationship between computed tomography scan findings and patient-based quality of life in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) have found very low correlations. Whereas surprising, similar findings have been noted in other diseases. Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the association between objective and subjective findings in nasal septal deformity and a systematic review and synthesis of the literature on CRS and other diseases. Results We found no association between objective anatomic findings and subjective symptoms in nasal obstruction (R = 0.03; Kruskal–Wallis test, p = 0.97). Multiple studies in CRS and other diseases—sleep apnea, hearing loss, asthma, etc.—have found similarly low correlations between objective and subjective testing. Conclusion For nasal septal deviation and CRS, the patient's subjective perception of disease severity has, at best, a very weak association with objective assessment of severity. Patient-based outcomes assessment remains important; these instruments apparently quantify an aspect of disease not detected by objective testing.

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LUNDSTR??M, LINDA, J??RGEN GUSTAFSSON, INGRID SVENSSON, and PETER UNSBO. "Assessment of Objective and Subjective Eccentric Refraction." Optometry and Vision Science 82, no. 4 (April 2005): 298–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.opx.0000159366.61943.62.

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McClumpha, A. J., and S. J. Selcon. "Objective and Subjective Assessment of Image Recognition." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 33, no. 20 (October 1989): 1505–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128903302032.

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This paper describes two studies which used objective and subjective assessments to quantify the effect of target degradation on observers' recognition ability. ‘Noise’ inherent in a digital infra-red line scan system can result in a static line-to-line variation (pixel jitter) over the displayed imagery. The amount of target degradation is dependent upon both the amplitude and frequency of the pixel jitter. The results showed that, firstly, if an image is affected by pixel jitter, even with an amplitude of only 1 pixels, a significant interference in target recognition performance occurs. Secondly, the results from the subjective scaling mirrored closely the error data and therefore imply that this rating scale, may have widespread utility in target acquisition studies. Finally, the effect of pixel jitter appears to be robust. The effect was found not to be specific to a particular type of imagery and is, therefore, likely to generalise to other types of target and other imaging systems. The implication of these results for user-system specification is discussed.

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Mendel, Lisa Lucks. "Objective and Subjective Hearing Aid Assessment Outcomes." American Journal of Audiology 16, no. 2 (December 2007): 118–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1059-0889(2007/016).

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Henseler, Helga, Joanna Smith, Adrian Bowman, Balvinder S. Khambay, Xiangyang Ju, Ashraf Ayoub, and Arup K. Ray. "Subjective versus objective assessment of breast reconstruction." Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery 66, no. 5 (May 2013): 634–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjps.2013.01.006.

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Manor, I., S. Meidad, G. Zalsman, Z. Zemishlany, S. Tyano, and A. Weizman. "Objective versus subjective assessment of MPH response." European Psychiatry 22 (March 2007): S16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2007.01.067.

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Manor, Iris, Sheera Meidad, Gil Zalsman, Zvi Zemishlany, Sam Tyano, and Abraham Weizman. "Objective Versus Subjective Assessment of Methylphenidate Response." Child Psychiatry and Human Development 39, no. 3 (December 5, 2007): 273–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10578-007-0087-0.

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Block, Robert I., Marlene Devoe, Mary Russell, and Nunzio Pomara. "Clinical Ratings: Relationship to Objective Psychometric Assessment in Individuals with Dementia." Psychological Reports 57, no. 1 (August 1985): 183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1985.57.1.183.

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The efficacy of drugs for the treatment of memory impairment in elderly patients with dementia is frequently established by a combination of subjective and objective psychological assessments. Often these assessments produce conflicting results. To throw some light on the relation between subjective and objective assessments, we examined the correlations of subjective ratings on the Sandoz Clinical Assessment—Geriatric (SCAG) and scores on objective cognitive tests of demented patients (9 men and 14 women) being screened for participation in an experimental drug trial. Our results showed agreement between some SCAG scores and performance on tests assessing orientation and information and global measures of memory and cognitive function. Subjective and objective assessments were not redundant, however; both should be included when evaluating the efficacy of pharmacological treatments for dementia.

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Brooks, Charles N., James B. Talmage, and Kathryn Mueller. "Subjective, Objective, or Both?" Guides Newsletter 17, no. 2 (March 1, 2012): 4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.2012.marapr02.

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Abstract The terms subjective and objective often appear in health care records, and one commonly hears about “subjective symptoms” and “objective complaints”—yet the former is redundant and the latter an oxymoron. Objectively verifiable pathology may explain a patient's symptoms, but complaints themselves are never objective but rather, by definition, subjective. The AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides), Sixth Edition, defines the terminology: Subjective information is more open to interpretation, but objective data are factual, reproducible, and often measurable or quantifiable. Objective findings generally have much higher inter-examiner reliability than subjective findings. Symptoms and most findings on physical (particularly neuromusculoskeletal) examination are subjective. Diagnostic study results and a minority of physical findings are objective. Some physical findings, such as strength and range of motion measurements, are both subjective and objective. Repeat testing, assessment of plausibility, and use of confirmatory physical findings can be used to validate or “objectify” subjective findings (eg, by determining if a weakness is corroborated by other neurologic or physical findings, imaging study results, and/or electrodiagnostic testing). The use of objective, or at least less subjective, findings in impairment rating should improve interrater reliability. Thus, evaluating physicians should not regard subjective complaints and findings, and they should lend greater weight to objective findings.

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Machmudi Isa, Isa Yassir Arafat, Mohd Azman Zainul Abidin, and S. Mansor. "Acceleration Response in Determining Vehicles Objective Driveability Assessment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 663 (October 2014): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.663.121.

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Vehicle driveability defined as smoothness of a vehicle operation at the will of the driver under all driving conditions. Driveability evaluation is conducted by giving subjective rating based certain test standard procedures. A group of test evaluators performed driveability test and gave individual rating based on subjective feeling. After discussion, a final overall rating is generated with consensus from all evaluators. Human subjective rating can be inconsistent due to physical health condition and individual preferences.Vehicle's acceleration profile can be associated with second order response. Every acceleration profileshas specific damping factorandnatural frequency.A study is conducted to determine the possibility of using second order parameter to setup an objective driveability assessment. Test vehicles with different acceleration conditionsare evaluated to determine driveability subjective rating. Acceleration profile for each vehicles is analyzed to determine its damping factorand natural frequency. A relation of damping factorand natural frequency with subjective driveability rating is established. The established relation of driveability is essential in providing guideline for future ECU calibration and tuning.

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Hands, D. S., M. D. Brotherton, A. Bourret, and D. Bayart. "Subjective quality assessment for objective quality model development." Electronics Letters 41, no. 7 (2005): 408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20058339.

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Dumic, Emil, and Luis A. da Silva Cruz. "Point Cloud Coding Solutions, Subjective Assessment and Objective Measures: A Case Study." Symmetry 12, no. 12 (November 26, 2020): 1955. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12121955.

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This paper presents a summary of recent progress in compression, subjective assessment and objective quality measures of point cloud representations of three dimensional visual information. Different existing point cloud datasets, as well as discusses the protocols that have been proposed to evaluate the subjective quality of point cloud data. Several geometry and attribute point cloud data objective quality measures are also presented and described. A case study on the evaluation of subjective quality of point clouds in two laboratories is presented. Six original point clouds degraded with G-PCC and V-PCC point cloud compression and five degradation levels were subjectively evaluated, showing high inter-laboratory correlation. Furthermore, performance of several geometry-based objective quality measures applied to the same data are described, concluding that the highest correlation with subjective scores is obtained using point-to-plane measures. Finally, several current challenges and future research directions on point clouds compression and quality evaluation are discussed.

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Haydock, Matthew D., Anubhav Mittal, Carissa F. Wilkes, David H. Lim, Elizabeth Broadbent, and John A. Windsor. "INTERACTION BETWEEN OBJECTIVE PERFORMANCE MEASURES AND SUBJECTIVE USER PERCEPTIONS IN THE EVALUATION OF MEDICAL DEVICES: A CASE STUDY." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 31, no. 5 (2015): 297–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462315000586.

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Objectives: Medical technology is a large and expanding industry. Introducing new medical devices is important but several challenges exist in implementing the optimal method of evaluation. Both objective and subjective measures can be used for evaluation. The former is the mainstay of evaluation, yet subjective assessment is often the basis for the introduction of new medical technology. The aim of this study was to determine the interaction and concordance between objective and subjective assessment of new medical technology.Methods: This study used both objective performance measures and subjective user perceptions in the evaluation of a new medical device designed to improve the accuracy of gravity-assisted delivery of intravenous fluids, compared with the current, widely used “roller-clamp” device. The concordance of objective and subjective assessments was evaluated using comparative analysis.Results: Objective assessment of the accuracy of intravenous fluid delivery revealed no difference between the two devices (p = .636). Subjective assessment revealed that the new device was perceived to be significantly more accurate (p = .001). This lack of concordance can be partially explained by both device and demand characteristics.Conclusions: This case study reveals a significant discordance between the objective and subjective assessments. It provides some explanation for why new medical devices are adopted without objective evidence of benefit. This phenomenon has been termed “persuasive design” and its influence should be controlled for in the evaluation, purchase and introduction of new medical devices. This should help reduce the risk and associated cost of premature introduction.

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Deeming, Beausoleil, Stafford, Webster, Staincliffe, and Zobel. "The Development of a Hoof Conformation Assessment for Use in Dairy Goats." Animals 9, no. 11 (November 14, 2019): 973. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9110973.

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The assessment of hoof conformation is important due to its recognized relationship with the biomechanical functionality of the hoof. Hoof conformation can be assessed using objective measures or subjective scores. However, to date, there are limited data using either method in dairy goats. Therefore, the aims were to (1) develop a reliable method of assessing hoof conformation in dairy goats, and (2) compare two aspects of a subjective assessment against corresponding objective measures as a means of validation. A total of 1035 goats contributed photographs across 16 commercial dairy goat farms. Photographs were taken of the left front and left hind hoof in the lateral and dorsal aspect at five assessments across the goats′ first two lactations. Hoof conformation was assessed using five subjective scores (toe length, heel shape, fetlock shape, claw splay, and claw shape) and two objective measures (toe length ratio and claw splay distance). Following the training of two observers, high levels of inter and intra-reliability were achieved for both the subjective scores (>0.8 weighted kappa) and objective measures (>0.8 Lin′s concordance correlation coefficient). Two aspects of the subjectively assessed ordinal scores were compared with the objective measures with high levels of accuracy (>0.8). This suggests that the subjective scores may be a suitable alternative to more time-consuming objective measures when assessment is completed using photographs.

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Shintani, Yukari, Takashi Nakanishi, Masamichi Ueda, Naoki Mizobata, Itaru Tojyo, and Shigeyuki Fujita. "Comparison of Subjective and Objective Assessments of Neurosensory Function after Lingual Nerve Repair." Medical Principles and Practice 28, no. 3 (2019): 231–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000497610.

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Objective: Mandibular third molar extractions are important in oral maxillofacial surgery. Damage to the lingual nerves, although rare, is a possible complication. There are reports of postoperative recovery after lingual nerve repair, but few reports have compared subjective and objective assessments of neurosensory function. Therefore, this study aims to compare subjective and objective assessments of neurosensory function after lingual nerve repair. Subjects and Methods: This retrospective cohort study comprised 52 patients with lingual nerve anesthesia after third molar extraction at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Wakayama Medical University Hospital, Wakayama, Japan, between December 2008 and December 2015. We recorded pre- and postoperative (6 months and 12 months) neurosensory examinations. Results: Patient’s subjective assessments of neurosensory function suggested improvement between the preoperative period and 12 months postoperation, although this difference was not significant. Objective assessment based on examination and testing, on the other hand, showed a significant difference in improvement (p < 0.05). Conclusions: There was no evidence that improvement of subjective preoperative and postoperative assessments was significantly associated with improvement of objective neurosensory assessments after lingual nerve repair. Overall physical condition and background were thought to affect subjective evaluation. Subjective assessment is important in conjunction with objective evaluation because it may reveal dysesthesia that would otherwise be missed. In the future, we will examine those cases in whom subjective assessments showed no improvement although objective assessments showed improvement.

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Piccirillo, Jay F., Colin Painter, Andrea Haiduk, Dennis Fuller, and John M. Fredrickson. "Assessment of Two Objective Voice Function Indices." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 107, no. 5 (May 1998): 396–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348949810700506.

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In the care of patients with voice disorders, physicians, speech pathologists, and other health care professionals routinely make diagnoses, recommend treatment, and evaluate outcomes. Although objective and subjective measures exist, unfortunately, there is no widely accepted, valid method for classifying voice disorders and assessing outcome after voice treatment. In the present research, the relationship between two previously created multivariate objective voice function indices, the weighted odds ratio index and the multivariate logistic regression index, and subjective assessment of voice function was evaluated. Twenty-three adult patients presenting to a speech science laboratory for evaluation of voice disorders were studied in this prospective observational study together with 12 normal volunteers as controls. Vocal function was measured on 14 different parameters with a protocol that included a multichannel input for simultaneous assessment of acoustic and physiological parameters. Each patient was recorded reading the standard passage “The North Wind and the Sun,” and recordings were then evaluated by the GRBAS scale. Overall, there was a statistically significant relationship between the weighted odds ratio index and multivariate logistic regression index and mean GRBAS scores. This research demonstrates that the voice function values calculated from two different multivariate objective voice function indices are significantly associated with subjective voice assessments. These multivariate objective voice indices may be appropriate for use in clinical trials and outcomes research on treatment effectiveness for voice disorders.

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Park, Namgyoo K., Monica Youngshin Chun, and Jinju Lee. "Revisiting Individual Creativity Assessment: Triangulation in Subjective and Objective Assessment Methods." Creativity Research Journal 28, no. 1 (January 2, 2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2016.1125259.

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Khamis, Nor Kamaliana, Baba Md Deros, and Faizul Rizal Ismail. "Two Way Assessments in Measuring Vibration Exposure among Workers: A Review." Applied Mechanics and Materials 786 (August 2015): 161–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.786.161.

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To this date, there were numerous studies that investigate the prevalence of work related musculoskeletal problems related to vibration. This review paper discuss recent studies related to subjective and objective assessment among workers around the world. The two main objectives of this review are: to examine published subjective and objective assessment related to vibration among workers and to extract and comprehend the detailed process of each assessment. Thirteen relevant studies were identified and chosen from electronic databases. “Vibration”, “musculoskeletal problem”, “worker”, and “subjective and objective measures” were the keywords search terms for this review paper. Past studies demonstrated various purposes for implementing subjective and objective assessments of vibration effects among industrial and non-industrial workers. It provides better understanding for future researchers and industrial practitioners to deal with vibration issues among workers. Many mixed methodology research that combines subjective and objective assessments among the workers have been applied in the past studies. However, extensive assessment were not covered by many researchers in dealing with vibration issues. Therefore, investigation and evaluation of the vibration exposure at the workplace is necessary because these groups of workers are frequently exposed to vibration in their daily work and thus faced higher risks of vibration related health effects.

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Alladi, K., J. T. Santoso, T. Cannada, B. O'FARREL, and R. L. Coleman. "Subjective versus objective nutritional assessment study in women with gynecological cancer: a prospective cohort trial." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 14, no. 2 (2004): 220–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200403000-00006.

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ObjectiveNutritional evaluation of cancer patients may lead to treatment intervention that reduces morbidity and mortality. This evaluation can be done subjectively or objectively. We studied the correlation between subjective and objective nutritional assessment in gynecological oncology patients.MethodsSixty-seven consecutive patients admitted to the gynecological oncology service were prospectively evaluated by laboratory criteria using a standardized formula. The prognostic nutritional index (PNI) consists of tests measuring albumin, transferrin, triceps skin fold, and skin sensitivity reaction to common antigens. The patients were also subjectively evaluated using a standardized questionnaire and physical examination, known as the subjective global assessment, by two clinicians who were blinded from the PNI results. Both scores were categorized as normal, mild malnutrition, or severe malnutrition. Reproducibility of the subjective testers and consistency between the subjective and the objective evaluations were assessed with a weighted kappa statistic.ResultsCancer distribution consisted of 39 (58%) cervical, 16 (24%) endometrial, 11 (16%) ovarian, and one (2%) vulvar carcinomas. There was a high level of agreement between the two subjective raters (weighted kappa = 0.797; 95% CI 0.67–0.92). Furthermore, there were no cases in which the ratings differed by two points on the three-point ordered scale of nutritional status. Agreement between the two evaluation methods was only fair to moderate (weighted kappa = 0.435; 95% CI 0.28–0.59). Agreement was exact in 38 of 67 patients (57%). There were eight patients (12%) where the difference in ratings differed by two points on the ordinal scale, all with the subjective scored as normal, but the objective rated as severe malnourishment.ConclusionIn assessing nutritional status of gynecological patients, subjective assessment differs with objective/laboratory measurement.

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Jankovský, M., V. Messingerová, M. Ferenčík, and M. Allman. "Objective and subjective assessment of selected factors of the work environment of forest harvesters and forwarders." Journal of Forest Science 62, No. 1 (June 3, 2016): 8–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/120/2014-jfs.

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Ferber, Reed, Karen D. Kendall, and Lindsay McElroy. "Normative and Critical Criteria for Iliotibial Band and Iliopsoas Muscle Flexibility." Journal of Athletic Training 45, no. 4 (July 1, 2010): 344–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-45.4.344.

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Abstract Context: The Ober and Thomas tests are subjective and involve a “negative” or “positive” assessment, making them difficult to apply within the paradigm of evidence-based medicine. No authors have combined the subjective clinical assessment with an objective measurement for these special tests. Objective: To compare the subjective assessment of iliotibial band and iliopsoas flexibility with the objective measurement of a digital inclinometer, to establish normative values, and to provide an evidence-based critical criterion for determining tissue tightness. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Clinical research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Three hundred recreational athletes (125 men, 175 women; 250 in injured group, 50 in control group). Main Outcome Measure(s): Iliotibial band and iliopsoas muscle flexibility were determined subjectively using the modified Ober and Thomas tests, respectively. Using a digital inclinometer, we objectively measured limb position. Interrater reliability for the subjective assessment was compared between 2 clinicians for a random sample of 100 injured participants, who were classified subjectively as either negative or positive for iliotibial band and iliopsoas tightness. Percentage of agreement indicated interrater reliability for the subjective assessment. Results: For iliotibial band flexibility, the average inclinometer angle was −24.59° ± 7.27°. A total of 432 limbs were subjectively assessed as negative (−27.13° ± 5.53°) and 168 as positive (−16.29° ± 6.87°). For iliopsoas flexibility, the average inclinometer angle was −10.60° ± 9.61°. A total of 392 limbs were subjectively assessed as negative (−15.51° ± 5.82°) and 208 as positive (0.34° ± 7.00°). The critical criteria for iliotibial band and iliopsoas flexibility were determined to be −23.16° and −9.69°, respectively. Between-clinicians agreement was very good, ranging from 95.0% to 97.6% for the Thomas and Ober tests, respectively. Conclusions: Subjective assessments and instrumented measurements were combined to establish normative values and critical criterions for tissue flexibility for the modified Ober and Thomas tests.

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Dorsey, Dale. "Objective Morality, Subjective Morality, and the Explanatory Question." Journal of Ethics and Social Philosophy 6, no. 3 (June 5, 2017): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.26556/jesp.v6i3.65.

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A common presupposition in metaethical theory is that moral assessment comes in (at least) two flavors, one of which is sensitive to our epistemic circumstances, the second of which is not so sensitive. Though this thought is popular, a number of questions arise. In this paper, I limit my discussion to what I dub the "explanatory question": how one might understand the construction of subjective moral assessment given an explanatorily prior objective assessment. I argue that a proper answer to this question is important not simply for its own sake, but because it also sheds new light on important challenges to the existence of both objective and subjective moral obligations.

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Zerman, Emin, Pan Gao, Cagri Ozcinar, and Aljosa Smolic. "Subjective and Objective Quality Assessment for Volumetric Video Compression." Electronic Imaging 2019, no. 10 (January 13, 2019): 323–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2019.10.iqsp-323.

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Mytiai, Yurii Oleksandrovych, Kseniia Serhiivna Zamsha, Bohdan Valentynovych Lozinskyi, Olena Stepanivna Stepanovska, and Arkadii Mykolaiovych Prodeus. "Objective and subjective assessment of bandlimited signaling speech quality." Electronics and Communications 21, no. 1 (November 16, 2016): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/2312-1807.2016.21.1.82250.

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Shrestha, Prarthana, Rik Kneepkens, Gijs van Elswijk, Jeroen Vrijnsen, Roxana Ion, Dirk Verhagen, Esther Abels, Dirk Vossen, and and Bas Hulsken. "Objective and Subjective Assessment of Digital Pathology Image Quality." AIMS Medical Science 2, no. 1 (2015): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/medsci.2015.1.65.

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Park, Hyung-Ju, and Dong-Hwan Har. "Correlation Research between Objective and Subjective Image Quality Assessment." Journal of the Korea Contents Association 11, no. 8 (August 28, 2011): 68–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5392/jkca.2011.11.8.068.

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Pasquier, Mégane, Charlène Chéron, Gaëtan Barbier, Claude Dugas, Arnaud Lardon, and Martin Descarreaux. "Learning Spinal Manipulation: Objective and Subjective Assessment of Performance." Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 43, no. 3 (March 2020): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmpt.2019.12.010.

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Beerends, John G., Niels M. P. Neumann, Egon L. van den Broek, Anna Llagostera Casanovas, Jovana Torres Menendez, Christian Schmidmer, and Jens Berger. "Subjective and Objective Assessment of Full Bandwidth Speech Quality." IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing 28 (2020): 440–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/taslp.2019.2957871.

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Dziedzoave, N. T., W. O. Ellis, J. H. Oldham, and A. Osei-Yaw. "Subjective and objective assessment of `agbelima' (cassava dough) quality." Food Control 10, no. 2 (April 1999): 63–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0956-7135(98)00153-4.

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Duanning Zhou, Jian Ma, and E. Turban. "Journal quality assessment: an integrated subjective and objective approach." IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management 48, no. 4 (2001): 479–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/17.969425.

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D’Alatri, Lucia, Francesco Bussu, Emanuele Scarano, Gaetano Paludetti, and Maria Raffaella Marchese. "Objective and Subjective Assessment of Tracheoesophageal Prosthesis Voice Outcome." Journal of Voice 26, no. 5 (September 2012): 607–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.08.013.

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Kosztyła-Hojna, Bożena, Anna Łobaczuk-Sitnik, Jolanta Biszewska, and Diana Moskal-Jasińska. "Subjective and objective assessment of voice quality in pregnancy." Otolaryngologia Polska 72, no. 6 (December 14, 2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.7856.

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During pregnancy, voice quality disorders may occur in form of: edema, dryness, nervousness. The aim of the study is subjective and objective evaluation of voice quality in pregnant women. The study included 20 women in the third trimester of pregnancy, age of 20-31 diagnosed at the Department of Clinical Phonoaudiology and Logopedics, Medical University of Bialystok. Subjective assessment has been based on the GRBAS scale. Objective assessment of the vocal organ used the HSDI technique (High Speed Digital Imaging). In the laryngeal visualization, high-speed camera (HS) using rigid endoscope with 90 ° optics has been used. Vibration of vocal folds has been recorded during phonation of vowel "e" at 4000 frames / sec. The glottal closure (GTs), symmetry, regularity and synchronization of vocal folds vibration have been assessed. In estimating the degree of glottal insufficiency, kymography of the larynx has been performed by analyzing the value of Open Quotient (OQ). Objective acoustic evaluation of voice has been also conducted using DiagnoScope Specjalista Program. Hoarseness has been observed in 15 pregnant women, whereas voice fatigability in 20 patients. Using HSDI, the edema of vocal folds in part of the group has been observed. Decreased MPT has been found in all examined women in the third trimester of pregnancy. Hoarseness and fatigability of voice are the most frequent subjective symptoms of voice organ in the third trimester of pregnancy. Decreased MPT is recorded objectively, as well as edema and insufficiency of vocal folds using HSDI technique.

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Emiya, Valentin, Emmanuel Vincent, Niklas Harlander, and Volker Hohmann. "Subjective and Objective Quality Assessment of Audio Source Separation." IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing 19, no. 7 (September 2011): 2046–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasl.2011.2109381.

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Kleiner, Mendel, and Peter Svensson. "Subjective and objective assessment of some reverberation enhancement systems." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 89, no. 4B (April 1991): 1857. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2029266.

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Matsuoka, Taisuke, Yoichiro Yoshida, Ai Mogi, Teppei Yamada, Naoya Aisu, Daibo Kojima, Syu Tanimura, Tomoko Koganemaru, Fumiaki Kiyomi, and Yuichi Yamashita. "Subjective and objective assessment of oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy." Annals of Oncology 26 (November 2015): vii114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdv472.38.

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Cheng, Shan, Huanqiang Zeng, Jing Chen, Junhui Hou, Jianqing Zhu, and Kai-Kuang Ma. "Screen Content Video Quality Assessment: Subjective and Objective Study." IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 29 (2020): 8636–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tip.2020.3018256.

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Hallén, H., and J. E. Juto. "Correlation between Subjective and Objective Assessment of Nasal Hyperreactivity." ORL 56, no. 1 (1994): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000276608.

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Seshadrinathan, Kalpana, Rajiv Soundararajan, Alan Conrad Bovik, and Lawrence K. Cormack. "Study of Subjective and Objective Quality Assessment of Video." IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 19, no. 6 (June 2010): 1427–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tip.2010.2042111.

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Redondo, J., M. P. Peiró-Torres, C. Llinares, J. M. Bravo, A. Pereira, and P. Amado-Mendes. "Correlation between objective and subjective assessment of noise barriers." Applied Acoustics 172 (January 2021): 107640. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2020.107640.

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Shahkolaei, Atena, Hossein Ziaei Nafchi, Somaya Al-Maadeed, and Mohamed Cheriet. "Subjective and objective quality assessment of degraded document images." Journal of Cultural Heritage 30 (March 2018): 199–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2017.10.001.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Objective- and subjective assessment'

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