Relevant bibliographies by topics / Objective functions

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Objective functions'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Objective functions"

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Neralić, Luka, and Sanjo Zlobec. "LFS functions in multi-objective programming." Applications of Mathematics 41, no. 5 (1996): 347–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21136/am.1996.134331.

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Lauwers, Luc. "Intertemporal objective functions." Mathematical Social Sciences 35, no. 1 (January 1998): 37–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-4896(97)00022-x.

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Rimer, Michael, and Tony Martinez. "Classification-based objective functions." Machine Learning 63, no. 2 (March 3, 2006): 183–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10994-006-6266-6.

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Le Menestrel, Marc, and Luk N. Van Wassenhove. "Subjectively biased objective functions." EURO Journal on Decision Processes 4, no. 1-2 (January 9, 2015): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40070-014-0038-5.

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Bulger, David W., and H. Edwin Romeijn. "Optimising Noisy Objective Functions." Journal of Global Optimization 31, no. 4 (April 2005): 599–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10898-004-9969-x.

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Lankoski, Leena, and Craig Smith. "Alternative Objective Functions for Firms." Academy of Management Proceedings 2016, no. 1 (January 2016): 13569. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2016.13569abstract.

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Paulus, David M., and Richard A. Gaggioli. "Rational Objective Functions for Vehicles." Journal of Aircraft 40, no. 1 (January 2003): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/2.3090.

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Mjolsness, Eric, and Charles Garrett. "Algebraic transformations of objective functions." Neural Networks 3, no. 6 (January 1990): 651–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0893-6080(90)90055-p.

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Lankoski, Leena, and N. Craig Smith. "Alternative Objective Functions for Firms." Organization & Environment 31, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 242–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1086026617722883.

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The predominant view of the role of business in society is that the objective of business is to maximize profit. Some argue that it ought to be something different. Others argue that for many firms it already is something different. However, the “something different” has not been fully fleshed out in its various versions. To address this gap, we define different relationship types between variables in an objective function and develop and present the resulting range of 10 alternative objective functions for firms. We then discuss how their development contributes to conceptual, empirical, and normative debates about organizational purpose. Removing the conventional assumption of profit maximization as the sole management principle opens up the possibility of new, more nuanced theoretical approaches to management. This article lays the groundwork for such theory development through the systematic and analytical identification of alternative objective functions that represent different specifications of firm purpose.
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Affif Chaouche, Fatima, Carrie Rutherford, and Robin Whitty. "Objective functions with redundant domains." Journal of Combinatorial Optimization 26, no. 2 (March 17, 2012): 372–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10878-012-9468-9.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Objective functions"

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Dunatunga, Manimelwadu Samson. "Optimization of multistage systems with nondifferentiable objective functions." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185050.

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This dissertation is aimed at a class of convex dynamic optimization problems in which the transition functions are twice continuously differentiable and the stagewise objective functions are convex, although not necessarily differentiable. Two basic descent algorithms which use sequential and parallel coordinating techniques are developed. In both algorithms the nondifferentiability of the objective function is accounted for by using subgradient information. The objective of the subproblems generated consists of successive piecewise linear approximations of the stagewise objective function and the value function. In the parallel algorithm, an incentive coordination method is used to coordinate the subproblems. We provide proofs of convergence for these algorithms. Two variations, namely, subgradient selection and subgradient aggregation, of the basic algorithms are also discussed. In practice while subgradient selection seems to perform well, computational results with subgradient aggregation are rather disappointing. Computational results of the basic algorithms and variants based on subgradient selection are given. The effect of number of stages on performance of these algorithms is compared with a general nonlinear programming package (NPSOL).
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Fiege, Sabrina [Verfasser]. "Minimization of Lipschitzian piecewise smooth objective functions / Sabrina Fiege." Paderborn : Universitätsbibliothek, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1140105213/34.

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Murray, Skyler James. "Algorithmically Flexible Style Composition Through Multi-Objective Fitness Functions." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3382.

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Creating a fitness function for music is largely subjective and dependent on a programmer's personal tastes or goals. Previous attempts to create musical fitness functions for use in genetic algorithms lack scope or are prejudiced to a certain genre of music. They also suffer the limitation of producing music only in the strict style determined by the programmer. We show in this paper that musical feature extractors that avoid the challenges of qualitative judgment enable creation of a multi-objective function for direct music production. Multi-objective fitness functions enable creation of music with varying identifiable styles. With this system we produced three distinct groups of music which computationally cluster into distinct styles as described by the set of feature extractors. We also show that knowledgeable individuals make similar clusters while a random sample of people make some similar and some different clusterings.
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Figueiró, Thiago Rosa. "Multiple objective technology independent logic synthesis for multiple output functions through AIG functional composition." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/27663.

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O emprego de ferramentas de automação de projetos de circuitos integrados permitiu que projetos complexos atingissem time-to-market e custos de produção factíveis. Neste contexto, o processo de síntese lógica é uma etapa fundamental no fluxo de projeto. O passo independente de tecnologia (parte do processo de síntese lógica, que é realizada sem considerar características físicas) é tradicionalmente realizado sobre equações. O desenvolvimento de novos algoritmos de otimização multi-nível recentemente migrou para o emprego de And-Inverter Graphs (AIGs). O número de nodos e a altura de um grafo apresentam melhor correlação com os resultados em área e atraso de um circuito, se comparados com as características de outras formas de representação. Neste trabalho, um algoritmo de síntese lógica independente de tecnologia, que funciona sobre uma estrutura de AIGs, é proposto. Uma nova abordagem para a construção de AIGs, baseada no novo paradigma de síntese chamado de composição funcional, é apresentado. Esta abordagem consiste em construir o AIG final através da associação de AIGs mais simples, em uma abordagem bottom-up. Durante a construção do grafo, o método controla as características dos grafos intermediários e finais, a partir da aplicação de uma função de custo, como forma de avaliação da qualidade desses AIGs. O objetivo é a minimização do número de nodos e da altura do AIG final. Este algoritmo de síntese lógica multi-objetivo apresenta características interessantes e vantagens quando comparado com abordagens tradicionais. Além disso, este trabalho apresenta a síntese de funções com múltiplas saídas em AIGs, o que melhora a característica de compartilhamento de estruturas, melhorando o circuito resultante. Resultados mostraram a melhora em torno de 5% em número de nodos, quando comparados com os resultados obtidos com a ferramenta ABC.
The use of design automation tools has allowed complex projects to reach feasible time-to-market and cost parameters. In this context, logic synthesis is a critical procedure in the design flow. The technology independent step (part of the logic synthesis which is performed regardless any physical property) is traditionally performed over equations. The development of new multi-level optimization algorithms has recently shifted towards the use of And-Inverter-Graphs (AIGs). The number of nodes and the graphs depth in AIGs present better correlation with resulting circuit area and delay than any characteristic of other representations. In this work, a technology independent synthesis algorithm that works on top of an AIG data structure is proposed. A novel approach for AIG construction, based on a new synthesis paradigm called functional composition, is introduced. This approach consists in building the final AIG by associating simpler AIGs, in a bottom-up approach. The method controls, during the graphs construction, the characteristics of final and intermediate graphs by applying a cost function as a way to evaluate the quality of those AIGs. The goal is to minimize the number of nodes and the depth of the final AIG. This multi-objective synthesis algorithm has presented interesting features and advantages when compared to traditional approaches. Moreover, this work presents a method for AIGs construction for multiple output functions, which enhances structural sharing, improving the resulting circuit. Results have shown an improvement of around 5% in number of nodes when compared to ABC tool.
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Furuhashi, Takeshi, Tomohiro Yoshikawa, and Shun Otake. "A Study on Aggregation of Objective Functions in MaOPs Based on Evaluation Criteria." 日本知能情報ファジィ学会, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/20688.

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Session ID: TH-E1-4
SCIS & ISIS 2010, Joint 5th International Conference on Soft Computing and Intelligent Systems and 11th International Symposium on Advanced Intelligent Systems. December 8-12, 2010, Okayama Convention Center, Okayama, Japan
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Cheng, Qinbo [Verfasser]. "Evaluating the Effect of Objective Functions on Model Calibration / Qinbo Cheng." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1064869610/34.

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El-Samadony, A. A. El-Y. "Development of an improved construction bidding model incorporating multiple objective functions." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373847.

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Amouzgar, Kaveh. "Metamodel based multi-objective optimization." Licentiate thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH. Forskningsmiljö Produktutveckling - Simulering och optimering, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-28432.

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As a result of the increase in accessibility of computational resources and the increase in the power of the computers during the last two decades, designers are able to create computer models to simulate the behavior of a complex products. To address global competitiveness, companies are forced to optimize their designs and products. Optimizing the design needs several runs of computationally expensive simulation models. Therefore, using metamodels as an efficient and sufficiently accurate approximate of the simulation model is necessary. Radial basis functions (RBF) is one of the several metamodeling methods that can be found in the literature. The established approach is to add a bias to RBF in order to obtain a robust performance. The a posteriori bias is considered to be unknown at the beginning and it is defined by imposing extra orthogonality constraints. In this thesis, a new approach in constructing RBF with the bias to be set a priori by using the normal equation is proposed. The performance of the suggested approach is compared to the classic RBF with a posteriori bias. Another comprehensive comparison study by including several modeling criteria, such as problem dimension, sampling technique and size of samples is conducted. The studies demonstrate that the suggested approach with a priori bias is in general as good as the performance of RBF with a posteriori bias. Using the a priori RBF, it is clear that the global response is modeled with the bias and that the details are captured with radial basis functions. Multi-objective optimization and the approaches used in solving such problems are briefly described in this thesis. One of the methods that proved to be efficient in solving multi-objective optimization problems (MOOP) is the strength Pareto evolutionary algorithm (SPEA2). Multi-objective optimization of a disc brake system of a heavy truck by using SPEA2 and RBF with a priori bias is performed. As a result, the possibility to reduce the weight of the system without extensive compromise in other objectives is found. Multi-objective optimization of material model parameters of an adhesive layer with the aim of improving the results of a previous study is implemented. The result of the original study is improved and a clear insight into the nature of the problem is revealed.
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Pokrud, Boonyarit. "H∞ optimal control : general solution by interpolation and design with multiple objective functions." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1989. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/847911/.

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A new method for solving Hinfinity control problems is developed. The method makes use of the Youla parametrization to characterize the set of all stabilizing controllers K(s) in terms of a stable function Q(s). and also to transform the Hinfinity control problem into a model-matching problem with an objective function E(s) being linear in Q(s). The model-matching problem is then solved by using the interpolation results of Hung. In the general case (i.e. problems of the 3rd kind) closed-form state-space characterizations of optimal and suboptimal solutions for Q(s) and E(s) are given. Furthermore, the solutions generally only require to solve two standard algebraic Riccati equations of smaller size than the McMillan degree of the (generalized) plant. This has an advantage of alleviating the computation burden associated with the ?-iteration required for determining the attainable minimum of ||E(s)||[infinity]. The Hinfinity approach to feedback design with multiple objective functions is studied in this thesis. For a system with two objective functions T[i](s), (i = 1, 2) a design criterion of minimizing the function max (||T[1](s)||[infinity], ||T[2](s)||[infinity]) subject to internal stability of the closed-loop system is proposed. The problem is formulated as an Hinfinity control problem and an iterative algorithm for obtaining a solution is given. A numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed design technique for tightly bounding and shaping the frequency responses of two objective functions. The application of Hinfinity feedback design techniques to the control of flexible structures is investigated. Experiments are conducted in order to evaluate the use of the Hinfinity approach to the control of flexible structures. An Hinfinity optimal controller is designed and implemented in a laboratory system to manoeuvre a cantilever flexible beam and simultaneously control its vibrations. The controller performance is then assessed. The results obtained are shown to be satisfactory and encouraging.
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Vanden, Berghen Frank. "Constrained, non-linear, derivative-free, parallel optimization of continuous, high computing load, noisy objective functions." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211177.

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The main result is a new original algorithm: CONDOR ("COnstrained, Non-linear, Direct, parallel Optimization using trust Region method for high-computing load, noisy functions"). The aim of this algorithm is to find the minimum x* of an objective function F(x) (x is a vector whose dimension is between 1 and 150) using the least number of function evaluations of F(x). It is assumed that the dominant computing cost of the optimization process is the time needed to evaluate the objective function F(x) (One evaluation can range from 2 minutes to 2 days). The algorithm will try to minimize the number of evaluations of F(x), at the cost of a huge amount of routine work. CONDOR is a derivate-free optimization tool (i.e. the derivatives of F(x) are not required. The only information needed about the objective function is a simple method (written in Fortran, C++,) or a program (a Unix, Windows, Solaris, executable) which can evaluate the objective function F(x) at a given point x. The algorithm has been specially developed to be very robust against noise inside the evaluation of the objective function F(x). This hypotheses are very general, the algorithm can thus be applied on a vast number of situations. CONDOR is able to use several CPU's in a cluster of computers. Different computer architectures can be mixed together and used simultaneously to deliver a huge computing power. The optimizer will make simultaneous evaluations of the objective function F(x) on the available CPU's to speed up the optimization process. The experimental results are very encouraging and validate the quality of the approach: CONDOR outperforms many commercial, high-end optimizer and it might be the fastest optimizer in its category (fastest in terms of number of function evaluations). When several CPU's are used, the performances of CONDOR are currently unmatched (may 2004). CONDOR has been used during the METHOD project to optimize the shape of the blades inside a Centrifugal Compressor (METHOD stands for Achievement Of Maximum Efficiency For Process Centrifugal Compressors THrough New Techniques Of Design). In this project, the objective function is based on a 3D-CFD (computation fluid dynamic) code which simulates the flow of the gas inside the compressor.
Doctorat en sciences appliquées
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Books on the topic "Objective functions"

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Tangian, Andranik S., and Josef Gruber, eds. Constructing and Applying Objective Functions. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56038-5.

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Tangian, Andranik, and Josef Gruber, eds. Constructing Scalar-Valued Objective Functions. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-48773-6.

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Anwar Haider A. H. Ali. Banach hardy space objective functions and weighting functions. Manchester: UMIST, 1995.

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Athey, Susan. Characterizing properties of stochastic objective functions. Cambridge, Mass: Dept. of Economics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995.

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Athey, Susan. Characterizing properties of stochastic objective functions. Cambridge, Mass: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998.

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McCormick, S. Thomas. Easy with difficulty objective functions for Max cut. Bangalore: Indian Institute of Management, 2002.

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Trosset, Michael W. The Krigifier: A procedure for generating pseudorandom nonlinear objective functions for computational experimentation. Hampton, VA: Institute for Computer Applications in Science and Engineering, NASA Langley Research Center, 1999.

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1952-, Tanguiane Andranick S., and Gruber Josef 1935-, eds. Constructing and applying objective functions: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Econometric Decision Models, Constructing and Applying Objective Functions, University of Hagen, held in Haus Nordhelle, August 28-31, 2000. Berlin: Springer, 2002.

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1952-, Tanguiane Andranick S., and Gruber Josef 1935-, eds. Constructing scalar-valued objective functions: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Econometric Decision Models, constructing scalar-valued objective functions, University of Hagen, held in Katholische Akademie Schwerte, September 5-8, 1995. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1997.

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1968-, Schwindt Christoph, and Zimmermann Jürgen 1963-, eds. Project scheduling with time windows and scarce resources: Temporal and resource-constrained project scheduling with regular and nonregular objective functions. Berlin: Springer, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Objective functions"

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Doğan, Haluk, and Hasan H. Otu. "Objective Functions." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 45–58. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-646-7_3.

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Swamee, P. K., and B. R. Chahar. "Objective Functions." In Design of Canals, 9–27. New Delhi: Springer India, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2322-1_2.

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Klein Haneveld, Willem K., Maarten H. van der Vlerk, and Ward Romeijnders. "Random Objective Functions." In Stochastic Programming, 13–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29219-5_2.

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Lee, Keith. "Foundation Functions and Data Types." In Pro Objective-C, 239–52. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4302-5051-7_13.

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Baptiste, Philippe, Claude Le Pape, and Wim Nuijten. "Propagation of Objective Functions." In Constraint-Based Scheduling, 105–27. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1479-4_5.

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Tangian, Andranik. "Constructing Separable Objective Functions." In Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems, 170–211. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56038-5_9.

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Tanguiane, A. S., and J. Gruber. "On Constructing Objective Functions." In Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems, 222–47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-51675-7_14.

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Tangian, Andranik. "Constructing Separable Objective Functions." In Approximation, Optimization and Mathematical Economics, 343–55. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57592-1_29.

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Stam, Antonie, Yoon-Ro Lee, and Po-Lung Yu. "Value Functions and Preference Structures." In Mathematics of Multi Objective Optimization, 1–22. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-2822-0_1.

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Mankowski, Michal, and Mikhail Moshkov. "Circuits and Cost Functions." In Dynamic Programming Multi-Objective Combinatorial Optimization, 17–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63920-4_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Objective functions"

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Wong, Jennifer L., Seapahn Megerian, and Miodrag Potkonjak. "Forward-looking objective functions." In the 39th conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/513918.514141.

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Paulus, Jr., David, and Richard Gaggioli. "Rational objective functions for vehicles." In 8th Symposium on Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2000-4852.

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Symes, William W. "Objective functions for velocity inversion." In SPIE's 1993 International Symposium on Optics, Imaging, and Instrumentation, edited by Sergio E. Zarantonello. SPIE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.164836.

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Balon, Simon, Fabian Skivée, and Guy Leduc. "Comparing traffic engineering objective functions." In the 2005 ACM conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1095921.1095952.

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Kalakrishnan, Mrinal, Peter Pastor, Ludovic Righetti, and Stefan Schaal. "Learning objective functions for manipulation." In 2013 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icra.2013.6630743.

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Valenzuela-del Río, Jose E., and Dimitri N. Mavris. "Hypervolume-based Multi-Objective Expected Improvement for Three-Objective Functions." In 17th AIAA Non-Deterministic Approaches Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2015-1814.

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Shi, Chuan, Philip S. Yu, Yanan Cai, Zhenyu Yan, and Bin Wu. "On selection of objective functions in multi-objective community detection." In the 20th ACM international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2063576.2063951.

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Yassien, Muneer Bani, Omar Alzoubi, Mohammed Shatnawi, and Ahmad Al Rawashdeh. "Performance analysis of RPL objective functions." In the Second International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3368691.3368727.

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Mahler, Ronald P. S., and Tim R. Zajic. "Probabilistic objective functions for sensor management." In Defense and Security, edited by Ivan Kadar. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.543530.

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Barros, M. T. L., D. A. Ros, and J. E. G. Lopes. "Objective Functions for Hydropower System Operation." In Watershed Management Conference 2005. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40763(178)101.

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Reports on the topic "Objective functions"

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Lee, Y. Encoding of Objective Functions in the Path Computation Element Communication Protocol (PCEP). RFC Editor, June 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc5541.

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Aadithya, Karthik, Eric Keiter, and Ting Mei. DAGSENS: Directed Acyclic Graph Based Direct and Adjoint Transient Sensitivity Analysis for Event-Driven Objective Functions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1761808.

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Castro, Carolina Robledo, Piedad Rocio Lerma-Castaño, and Luis Gerardo Pachón-Ospina. Rehabilitation programs based on computational systems: effects in the executive functions in young and middle adulthood: A scoping review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.10.0052.

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Review question / Objective: To identify empirical studies that measured the feasibility and effect of computer-based executive function stimulation and rehabilitation programs in the young and middle adult population. Background: Reviews that evaluate the effectiveness of computerized cognitive training programs on executive functions in different population groups have shown contradictory results, to a certain extent associated with the methodological characteristics of said studies (Gates et al., 2019; 2020); most of them These reviews have focused on older adults (Ten Brinke et al., 2020; Yoo et al., 2015) with stroke sequelae, and adults with cognitive impairment. These studies have found improvements in general cognitive function in older adults (Ten Brinke et al., 2020); however, the effect on executive functions have not been studied. Only one review was carried out on the average adult (Gates et al., 2019); the authors restricted the search to interventions with more than 12 weeks and only found one article with eligibility criteria. Their work concluded that computerized cognitive training in midlife demonstrated lasting effects on general cognitive function after 12 weeks of training and on memory after 24 weeks of training.
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Wenren, Yonghu, Joon Lim, Luke Allen, Robert Haehnel, and Ian Dettwiler. Helicopter rotor blade planform optimization using parametric design and multi-objective genetic algorithm. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/46261.

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In this paper, an automated framework is presented to perform helicopter rotor blade planform optimization. This framework contains three elements, Dakota, ParBlade, and RCAS. These elements are integrated into an environment control tool, Galaxy Simulation Builder, which is used to carry out the optimization. The main objective of this work is to conduct rotor performance design optimizations for forward flight and hover. The blade design variables manipulated by ParBlade are twist, sweep, and anhedral. The multi-objective genetic algorithm method is used in this study to search for the optimum blade design; the optimization objective is to minimize the rotor power required. Following design parameter substitution, ParBlade generates the modified blade shape and updates the rotor blade properties in the RCAS script before running RCAS. After the RCAS simulations are complete, the desired performance metrics (objectives and constraints) are extracted and returned to the Dakota optimizer. Demonstrative optimization case studies were conducted using a UH-60A main rotor as the base case. Rotor power in hover and forward flight, at advance ratio 𝜇𝜇 = 0.3, are used as objective functions. The results of this study show improvement in rotor power of 6.13% and 8.52% in hover and an advance ratio of 0.3, respectively. This configuration also yields greater reductions in rotor power for high advance ratios, e.g., 12.42% reduction at 𝜇𝜇 = 0.4.
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Alfano, James, Isaac Barash, Thomas Clemente, Paul E. Staswick, Guido Sessa, and Shulamit Manulis. Elucidating the Functions of Type III Effectors from Necrogenic and Tumorigenic Bacterial Pathogens. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7592638.bard.

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Many phytopathogenic bacteria use a type III protein secretion system (T3SS) to inject type III effectors into plant cells. In the experiments supported by this one-year feasibility study we investigated type III effector function in plants by using two contrasting bacterial pathogens: Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, a necrotrophic pathogen and Pantoea agglomerans, a tumorigenic pathogen. The objectives are listed below along with our major conclusions, achievements, and implications for science and agriculture. Objective 1: Compare Pseudomonas syringae and Pantoea agglomerans type III effectors in established assays to test the extent that they can suppress innate immunity and incite tumorigenesis. We tested P. agglomerans type III effectors in several innate immunity suppression assays and in several instances these effectors were capable of suppressing plant immunity, outputs that are suppressed by P. syringae effectors. Interestingly, several P. syringae effectors were able to complement gall production to a P. agglomerans pthGmutant. These results suggest that even though the disease symptoms of these pathogens are dramatically different, their type III effectors may function similarly. Objective 2: Construct P. syringae mutants in different combinations of type III-related DNA clusters to reduce type III effector redundancy. To determine their involvement in pathogenicity we constructed mutants that lack individual and multiple type III-related DNA clusters using a Flprecombinase-mediated mutagenesis strategy. The majority of single effector mutants in DC3000 have weak pathogenicity phenotypes most likely due to functional redundancy of effectors. Supporting this idea, Poly-DNAcluster deletion mutants were more significantly reduced in their ability to cause disease. Because these mutants have less functional redundancy of type III effectors, they should help identify P. syringae and P. agglomerans effectors that contribute more significantly to virulence. Objective 3: Determine the extent that P. syringae and P. agglomerans type III effectors alter hormone levels in plants. Inhibition of auxin polar transport by 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) completely prevented gall formation by P. agglomerans pv. gypsophilae in gypsophila cuttings. This result supported the hypothesis that auxin and presumably cytokinins of plant origin, rather than the IAA and cytokinins secreted by the pathogen, are mandatory for gall formation. Transgenic tobacco with pthGshowed various phenotypic traits that suggest manipulation of auxin metabolism. Moreover, the auxin levels in pthGtransgenic tobacco lines was 2-4 times higher than the control plants. External addition of auxin or cytokinins could modify the gall size in gypsophila cuttings inoculated with pthGmutant (PagMx27), but not with other type III effectors. We are currently determining hormone levels in transgenic plants expressing different type III effectors. Objective 4: Determine whether the P. agglomerans effectors HsvG/B act as transcriptional activators in plants. The P. agglomerans type III effectors HsvG and HsvB localize to the nucleus of host and nonhost plants and act as transcription activators in yeast. Three sites of adjacent arginine and lysine in HsvG and HsvB were suspected to act as Nuclear localization signals (NLS) domains. A nuclear import assay indicated two of the three putative NLS domains were functional NLSs in yeast. These were shown to be active in plants by fusing HsvG and HsvB to YFP. localization to the nucleus was dependent on these NLS domains. These achievements indicate that our research plan is feasible and suggest that type III effectors suppress innate immunity and modulate plant hormones. This information has the potential to be exploited to improve disease resistance in agricultural crops.
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Apostolatos, A., B. Keith, C. Soriano, and R. Rossi. D6.1 Deterministic optimization software. Scipedia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23967/exaqute.2021.2.018.

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This deliverable focuses on the implementation of deterministic optimization algorithms and problem solvers within KRATOS open-source software. One of the main challenges of optimization algorithms in Finite-Element based optimization is how to get the gradient of response functions which are used as objective and constraints when this is not available in an explicit form. The idea is to use local sensitivity analysis to get the gradient of the response function(s)
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Katzir, Nurit, James Giovannoni, Marla Binzel, Efraim Lewinsohn, Joseph Burger, and Arthur Schaffer. Genomic Approach to the Improvement of Fruit Quality in Melon (Cucumis melo) and Related Cucurbit Crops II: Functional Genomics. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7592123.bard.

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Background: Genomics tools for enhancement of melon research, with an emphasis on fruit, were developed through a previous BARD project of the PIs (IS -333-02). These included the first public melon EST collection, a database to relay this information to the research community and a publicly available microarray. The current project (IS-3877- 06) aimed to apply these tools for identification of important genes for improvement of melon (Cucumis melo) fruit quality. Specifically, the research plans included expression analysis using the microarray and functional analyses of selected genes. The original project objectives, as they appeared in the approved project, were: Objective 1: Utilization of a public melon microarray developed under the existing project to characterize melon transcriptome activity during the ripening of normal melon fruit (cv. Galia) in order to provide a basis for both a general view of melon transcriptome activity during ripening and for comparison with existing transcriptome data of developing tomato and pepper fruit. Objective 2: Utilization of the same public melon microarray to characterize melon transcriptome activity in lines available in the collection of the Israeli group, focusing on sugar, organic acids and aroma metabolism, so as to identify potentially useful candidates for functional analysis and possible manipulation, through comparison with the general fruit development profile resulting from (1) above. Objective 3: Expansion of our existing melon EST database to include publicly available gene expression data and query tools, as the US group has done with tomato. Objective 4: Selection of 6-8 candidate genes for functional analysis and development of DNA constructs for repression or over-expression. Objective 5: Creation of transgenic melon lines, or transgenic heterologous systems (e.g. E. coli or tomato), to assess putative functions and potential as tools for molecular enhancement of melon fruit quality, using the candidate gene constructs from (4).
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Hu, XinYi, JingXuan Hao, and HangYue Wang. Improvement of Environmental enrichment on Cognitive Functions in Patients and animals : A systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.12.0014.

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Review question / Objective: To study the relationship between environmental enrichment and cognitive function through a meta-analysis of the literature, analyze its effects on the improvement of cognitive function in patients and animals, and evaluate the effects of different environmental enrichment measures on cognitive function improvement. Condition being studied: Cognitive decline refers to an individual's memory, language, reasoning and other aspects of cognitive function showing obvious, measurable decline or abnormal. The causes of cognitive decline are various, including neurodegeneration, cerebrovascular disease, infection, trauma, and depression. Alzheimer's disease and stroke are the most common.
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David, Gabrielle, D. Somerville, Julia McCarthy, Spencer MacNeil, Faith Fitzpatrick, Ryan Evans, and David Wilson. Technical guide for the development, evaluation, and modification of stream assessment methods for the Corps Regulatory Program. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42182.

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The U.S. Army Corps Regulatory Program considers the loss (impacts) and gain (compensatory mitigation) of aquatic resource functions as part of Clean Water Act Section 404 permitting and compensatory mitigation decisions. To better inform this regulatory decision-making, the Regulatory Program needs transparent and objective approaches to assess the function and condition of aquatic resources, including streams. Therefore, the Regulatory Program needs function-based stream assessments (1) to characterize a stream’s condition or function, (2) to improve understanding of the impact of a proposed action on an aquatic resource, and/or (3) to inform the development of stream compensatory mitigation tools rooted in stream condition and/or function. A function-based stream assessment can provide regulatory decision makers with the resources to objectively consider alternatives, minimize impacts, assess unavoidable impacts, determine mitigation requirements, and monitor the success of mitigation projects. A multiagency National Committee on Stream Assessment (NCSA) convened to create these guidelines to inform the development of new methods and evaluation of both national-level and regional methods currently in use. The resulting guidelines present nine phases, including rationale and recommendations to facilitate work efforts. The NCSA hopes that this technical guide promotes transparency, technical defensibility, and consistent application of stream assessments in the Regulatory Program.
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Robledo-Castro, Carolina, Gisella Bonilla-Santos, and Piedad Rocío Lerma-Castaño. Computer-based cognitive training programs: effects on executive functions in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.10.0046.

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Review question / Objective: This systematic review aimed to synthesize the existing literature reporting the effects of computer-based cognitive training on the executive functions of children with ADHD. Condition being studied: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder diagnosed in childhood, characterized by a persistent pattern of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Today it is recognized that ADHD is associated with an alteration in the volume and level of activation in prefrontal areas related to executive functions. Based on these clinical findings, some authors suggest that ADHD is not a disorder of primary attention origin but instead responds to an alteration in the synaptic circuits of some brain areas, including the prefrontal neocortex, areas involved in cognitive regulation and control, and processes known as executive functions.
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