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Journal articles on the topic 'Obligation of return stemming'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Bloom, Robert. "Reporting for State and Local Government Pension Plans." Compensation & Benefits Review 44, no. 3 (2012): 165–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886368712455607.

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Financial reporting for state and local government pension plans needs to be improved. Although these governmental agencies in recent years have required greater contributions by employees toward their pensions along with increasing the retirement age and service years, reducing cost-of-living benefits, and reducing overtime allowances, investment losses and declining tax revenues stemming from the recession have aggravated the underfunding of their pension plans. Financial reporting of these plans could be enhanced by reflecting more realistic measures of the underlying obligation and the exp

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2

Baranowska, Grażyna. "Advances and progress in the obligation to return the remains of missing and forcibly disappeared persons." International Review of the Red Cross 99, no. 905 (2017): 709–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s181638311800036x.

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AbstractThis article analyzes the evolution in international law of the obligation to search for and return the remains of forcibly disappeared and missing persons. Receiving the remains of forcibly disappeared and missing persons is one of the primary needs of their families, who bring the issue to international courts and non-judicial mechanisms. This obligation has been incrementally recognized and developed by different human rights courts, which have included the obligation to search for and return the remains of disappeared persons in their remedies. In parallel to the development of the

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3

Canlas, Ryan. "The Obligation to Return: On Miguel Syjuco’s Ilustrado." TOPIA: Canadian Journal of Cultural Studies 35 (May 2016): 137–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/topia.35.137.

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4

Yuliana, Indah. "ANALISIS PENGARUH INFLASI DAN TINGKAT SUKU BUNGA SBI TERHADAP OBLIGASI SYARIAH MUDHARABAH DAN IJARAH DI INDONESIA." ULUL ALBAB Jurnal Studi Islam 9, no. 1 (2018): 121–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/ua.v9i1.6226.

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In some recent years, Islamic financial and economy grows rapidly. This evidence can be proved by the growth of Syariah Financial Institution (LKS) in Indonesia that reached to 70 % . This phenomena was contradictory to Conventional Financial Institution that reached only one digit rate of average growth. One of the booming instruments in Islamic financial is syariah obligation. In general, this obligation which is offered by Emiten over subscribe. It become the alternative source of funds while the investors already sick and tired with the conventional financial portfolio products. Activities

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Sakolciová, Sandra, and Adam Máčaj. "Combating discrimination through Big Data – future of equality?" Vilnius University Open Series, no. 6 (December 28, 2020): 120–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/os.law.2020.11.

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The paper aims firstly to assess the future of anti-discrimination measures and policies, above all through the lens of ethnic data utilization. The question posed is not only whether massive collection and usage of such data is viable in relation to its result, but also whether such ethnic data collection is an obligation incumbent upon state authorities, in international and European human rights protection systems in particular. On the other hand, this article aims to compare existence of such obligation with the existing standards on right to privacy and implications for this right stemmin

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Gilbertson, Greta A. "Women's Labor and Enclave Employment: The Case of Dominican and Colombian Women in New York City." International Migration Review 29, no. 3 (1995): 657–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791839502900302.

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The enclave hypothesis holds that obligations stemming from a common ethnicity not only permit utilization of past investments in human capital, but help to create opportunities for mobility. This implies that both men and women benefit from a broader reward structure involving more than just wages. Yet few studies examine whether immigrants in co-ethnic-owned firms, particularly women, benefit from these other forms of compensation, such as advancement opportunities. Using data from a survey of Colombian and Dominican immigrants in New York City, this research examines whether Dominican and C

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7

Michaels, Axel. "Gift and Return Gift, Greeting and Return Greeting in India." Numen 44, no. 3 (1997): 242–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568527971655922.

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AbstractIn a remarkable, often quoted footnote of his famous “Essai sur le don,” Marcel Mauss wonders that traditional Hindu law does not really prescribe the obligation to return a gift (Skt. dāna). According to some authors (J. Parry, Th. Trautmann, G. Raheja et al.) Mauss has demonstrated by this footnote his lack of a firm grasp of the theory of dāna since he did not notice that a dāna contains too much impurity or inauspiciousness to return to its donor. On the basis of striking parallels between the Śāstric theories of greeting (abhivādanadharma) and gift-giving (dānadharma), this paper

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Harris, Anna, Sally Wyatt, and Susan E. Kelly. "THE GIFT OF SPIT (AND THE OBLIGATION TO RETURN IT)." Information, Communication & Society 16, no. 2 (2013): 236–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1369118x.2012.701656.

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9

Armstrong, Lawrence E., and Rebecca M. Lopez. "Return to Exercise Training after Heat Exhaustion." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 16, no. 3 (2007): 182–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.16.3.182.

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Context:Exertional heat exhaustion (HEX) is the most common form of heat illness experienced by athletes, laborers, and military personnel. Both dehydration stemming from a water and/or salt deficiency and a high ambient temperature must exist for HEX to occur. In the field, appropriate therapy can reduce recovery time.Objective:This manuscript provides clinical guidance regarding return to activity. The primary focus of this paper is to describe the evaluation of residual effects and the underlying personal characteristics that initially predispose the athlete to HEX. Attention to these facto

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10

Tabet, Anthony. "Scientists have a responsibility to the public." MIT Science Policy Review 1 (August 20, 2020): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.38105/spr.jwqjndux4i.

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The training of most scientists in the United States is largely supported by significant public funds. The public expects a return on that investment. Scientists therefore have an obligation to engage with and inform the public on how emerging technologies and challenges will affect our communities. In founding the MIT Science Policy Review, we seek to provide a platform to fulfill such a public obligation.

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11

Nosanov, Lauren B., and Kathleen S. Romanowski. "Firefighter Postinjury Return to Work: A Balance of Dedication and Obligation." Journal of Burn Care & Research 41, no. 5 (2020): 935–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/iraa079.

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Abstract Firefighters are at significant risk for burn injuries. Most are minor and do not significantly affect ability to work in full capacity, but there exists risk for both short- and long-term incapacitation. Many push for earlier return to work than is medically advisable. An online cross-sectional survey was sent to a statewide Professional Firefighters’ Union. Multiple-choice format was used to assess demographics, injury details, medical care received, and return to work, with free-text format for elaboration. The survey was sent to 30,000 firefighters, with 413 (1.4%) responses. Afte

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Herlambang, Yudha. "APLIKASI MATEMATIKA NUMERIK UNTUK MENGHITUNG INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN DAN YIELD TO MATURITY OBLIGASI." EKUITAS (Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan) 12, no. 4 (2018): 497–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.24034/j25485024.y2008.v12.i4.203.

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This paper will present the application of numerical mathematic and discuss the alternative method to calculate and solve the problem about the value of Internal Rate Return (IRR) and desired returned rate by obligation investor. As we know there are several methods to solve the calculation about IRR ,such as Interpolation Method by using the financial table and Trial and Error Method by using IRR Function in Excel Software; but the most popular is Newton Raphson Method. In this method, the numerical case must be transferred into the NPV equation or obligation equation, and be created to the p

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Herlambang, Yudha. "APLIKASI MATEMATIKA NUMERIK UNTUK MENGHITUNG INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN DAN YIELD TO MATURITY OBLIGASI." EKUITAS (Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan) 12, no. 4 (2017): 497. http://dx.doi.org/10.24034/j25485024.y2008.v12.i4.2091.

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This paper will present the application of numerical mathematic and discuss the alternative method to calculate and solve the problem about the value of Internal Rate Return (IRR) and desired returned rate by obligation investor. As we know there are several methods to solve the calculation about IRR ,such as Interpolation Method by using the financial table and Trial and Error Method by using IRR Function in Excel Software; but the most popular is Newton Raphson Method. In this method, the numerical case must be transferred into the NPV equation or obligation equation, and be created to the p

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Eckstein, Lisa, Jeremy R. Garrett, and Benjamin E. Berkman. "A Framework for Analyzing the Ethics of Disclosing Genetic Research Findings." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 42, no. 2 (2014): 190–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jlme.12135.

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Over the past decade, there has been an extensive debate about whether researchers have an obligation to disclose genetic research findings, including primary and secondary findings. There appears to be an emerging (but disputed) view that researchers have some obligation to disclose some genetic findings to some research participants. The contours of this obligation, however, remain unclear.As this paper will explore, much of this confusion is definitional or conceptual in nature. The extent of a researcher's obligation to return secondary and other research findings is often limited by refer

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Fingas, Maciej. "The Right to Interpretation and Translation in Criminal Proceedings – Challenges and Difficulties Stemming from the Implementation of the Directive 2010/64/EU." European Criminal Law Review 9, no. 2 (2019): 175–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/2193-5505-2019-2-175.

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In modern Europe issues related to the obligation to ensure the right to fair criminal trial for persons who do not speak or understand the language of the criminal proceedings are still pressing. The article discusses main problems stemming from the implementation of Directive 2010/64/EU, especially issues connected with: the scope of and exceptions to the right to written translation of essential documents, the problem of translation of all procedural applications submitted by the accused himself in a language other than the language of the court, the obligation to make available interpretat

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Brookins, Timothy A. "An Obligation of Thanks (2Thess 1,3): Gift and Return in Divine-Human Relationships." Zeitschrift für die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft 112, no. 2 (2021): 201–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znw-2021-0012.

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Abstract The wording of the thanksgiving formula in 2Thess 1,3 (“we ought to give thanks to God”) departs from the pattern found in the undisputed Pauline letters (“I/we give thanks to God”). This article argues that previous explanations for the change fail to identify the cultural significance of the language of “obligation” (“ought”). This language indicates neither that the Thessalonians had denied Paul’s previous praise, nor that the Thessalonians’ merit induced stronger language than usual, nor that the author lacked a personal relationship with the audience and was not Paul. Rather, the

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Imre, Attila. "A Logical Approach to Modal Verbs 3. “Must”." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Philologica 9, no. 3 (2017): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ausp-2017-0031.

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AbstractThe article aims at a logical approach to discussing must, organized around the core meaning of necessity, split into epistemic (logical necessity) and deontic necessity (obligation). After discussing must as a central modal auxiliary, we present various meanings of must, relying on authoritative sources published for international (English), Hungarian, and Romanian students. Possible issues of teaching must are also dealt with, supported by data from a popular TV series containing modal verbs. The conclusion discusses the importance and relativity of a number of occurrences, trying to

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Nosanov, Lauren B., and Kathleen S. Romanowski. "576 Firefighter Post-injury Return to Work: A Balance of Dedication and Obligation." Journal of Burn Care & Research 41, Supplement_1 (2020): S130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/iraa024.203.

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Abstract Introduction Over the duration of firefighters’ careers there exists a high probability of sustaining burn injuries necessitating medical evaluation and treatment. While many are minor and do not significantly affect the ability to work in full capacity, there exists risk for both short and long-term incapacitation. It is not uncommon for firefighters to push for earlier return to work than is medically advisable. However, there are additional external factors which drive premature return to duty. Methods An online cross-sectional survey was sent to firefighters who were members of a

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Dalkowska, Anna. "Enforcement of the obligation to return the equivalent of an undue benefit." Nieruchomości@ 3, no. 3 (2019): 29–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.5914.

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The obligation to return the equivalent of an undue benefit is a special type of civil law monetary receivable resulting from the final and constitutive decision of the Commission for Restitution of Warsaw Real Estates1 issued pursuant to Article 31 of the Act of 9 March 2017 on Special Rules for Removing Legal Effects of Decisions on Restitution of Warsaw Real Estates issued in Violation of the Law2. Its implementation is one of the key tasks in shaping the rule of a lawful state, by eliminating the negative effects of Warsaw reprivatisation and compensating for damages that result from it. R

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YANG, X., J. LIANG, and Y. WU. "CPDO WITH FINITE TERMINATION: MAXIMAL RETURN UNDER CASH-IN AND CASH-OUT CONDITIONS." ANZIAM Journal 57, no. 3 (2016): 207–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1446181115000449.

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The maximal return and optimal leverage of a constant proportion debt obligation with finite termination and two boundaries are analysed by numerically solving Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equations. We discuss the probabilities of the asset value reaching the upper or lower bound under the optimal control and the optimal control problem with a time-varying boundary. Furthermore, we also analyse the relationship between the optimal return, the optimal policy and different parameters.

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SAUNDERS, PETER. "Mutual Obligation, Participation and Popularity: Social Security Reform in Australia." Journal of Social Policy 31, no. 1 (2002): 21–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279402006499.

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Mutual obligation – the idea that those who receive assistance in times of need should be required to ‘give something back’ – is the driving force behind the current social security reform agenda in Australia. After more than a decade of intense reform, the Australian Government is considering a reform blueprint based on the recommendations of a Welfare Reform Reference Group. These include proposals to increase mutual obligation requirements on the unemployed and that sole parents and disability support pensioners should be required to demonstrate some form of social or economic participation

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Kotorri, Mrika. "The probability of return conditional on migration duration: evidence from Kosovo." South East European Journal of Economics and Business 12, no. 2 (2017): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jeb-2017-0016.

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Abstract The aim of this paper is to conceptualise the migration duration decision within the expected utility maximisation framework, and from that to derive and estimate an empirical proposition. For this purpose, the conceptual framework in Kotorri (2015) is extended where households decide to return to the home country conditional on their migration duration. In the empirical analysis, the Cox proportional hazards model is employed. This analysis is the first to investigate migration duration based on a random sample stemming from the Kosovo census of population conducted in 2011. The find

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KWAK, Seung-Koo. "A Study on the End Point of the Return Obligation in the Future Action of Unfair Profit Return Claim." Ewha Law Journal 25, no. 3 (2021): 193–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.32632/elj.2021.25.3.193.

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Treadwell, Greg. "FOI scholarship reflects a return to secrecy." Pacific Journalism Review 22, no. 1 (2016): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v22i1.16.

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When Mexican president Enrique Peña Nieto launched the third summit of the Open Government Partnership (OGP) in October 2015, protesters disputed his highly scripted account of his government’s transparency. The OGP may be growing but increasingly scholars and journalists are reporting a degradation of freedom of information (FOI), even in comparatively open societies like Aotearoa/New Zealand. Stemming from a doctoral review of FOI scholarship, this article traces FOI’s origins and role in democratic governance and finds scholarssituate access to state-held information as a fundamental human

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Tassé, Anne Marie. "The Return of Results of Deceased Research Participants." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 39, no. 4 (2011): 621–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2011.00629.x.

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Until the mid-20th century, biomedical research centered on the study of specific diseases, concerned with short periods of time and small groups of living research participants. However, the growth of longitudinal population studies and long-term biobanking now forces the research community to examine the possibility of the death of their research participants.The death of a research participant raises numerous ethical and legal issues, including the return of deceased individuals’ research results to related family members. As with the return of individual research results for living researc

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Foster, Victoria. "The Return of the Surreal: Towards a Poetic and Playful Sociology." Qualitative Sociology Review 15, no. 1 (2019): 148–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1733-8077.15.1.07.

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This article argues that the time is ripe to reacquaint sociology and surrealism. Taking inspiration from surrealism’s emphasis on making the ordinary strange through bizarre, lively and sometimes haunting methods might result in a more poetic and playful sociology. The article looks at how this might be applied in practice through drawing on a variety of examples of social research that share some of the tenets of surrealism, not least the latter’s focus on social justice. This enables discussion of a number of methodological concerns stemming from feminist and post-structuralist thought, inc

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Miller, F. A., R. Christensen, M. Giacomini, and J. S. Robert. "Duty to disclose what? Querying the putative obligation to return research results to participants." Journal of Medical Ethics 34, no. 3 (2008): 210–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme.2006.020289.

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Gerčar, Jaka. "The Gift, and Especially the Obligation to Return It - Jasmina Cibic’ Foundation of Endeavour." Master, Vol. 5, no. 2 (2020): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.47659/m9.018.rev.

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Foundation of Endeavour centres on Jasmina Cibic’s ongoing investigation into the idea of political gifts of culture, exploring their role within national and political structures during moments of European crisis in the 20th century. The exhibition in the Museum of Contemporary Art in Ljubljana (MSUM), curated by Igor Španjol, comprises several of Cibic’s recent works: All the Power that Melts into Noise, Foundation of Endeavour, The Spirit of Our Needs, and the 20’ art film project The Gift. The author argues that the multipartite exhibition succeeds in conveying often overlooked manifestati

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Gestri, Marco. "THE SHALABAYEVA CASE: ISSUES OF INTERNATIONAL AND EU LAW." Italian Yearbook of International Law Online 23, no. 1 (2014): 243–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22116133-90230046.

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The article discusses some issues of international and European Union (EU) law raised by the expulsion from Italy, and repatriation to Kazakhstan, of Alma Shalabayeva and her daughter, a minor. The expulsion has been described as constituting an act of “extraordinary rendition” by three UN Special Rapporteurs and is said to have manifestly violated the rights of the interested individuals to receive asylum, or other international protection, as well as the principle of non-refoulement. Italy’s conduct has also been castigated from an EU law perspective, notably for alleged violations of the Sc

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Nakazawa, Eisuke, Keiichiro Yamamoto, Aru Akabayashi, Margie H. Shaw, Richard A. Demme, and Akira Akabayashi. "Will you give my kidney back? Organ restitution in living-related kidney transplantation: ethical analyses." Journal of Medical Ethics 46, no. 2 (2019): 144–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2019-105507.

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In this article, we perform a thought experiment about living donor kidney transplantation. If a living kidney donor becomes in need of renal replacement treatment due to dysfunction of the remaining kidney after donation, can the donor ask the recipient to give back the kidney that had been donated? We call this problem organ restitution and discussed it from the ethical viewpoint. Living organ transplantation is a kind of ‘designated donation’ and subsequently has a contract-like character. First, assuming a case in which original donor (A) wishes the return of the organ which had been trans

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Duran Gimenez-Rico, Isabel. "Patrimony, Solitude and Obligation: Prodigal Sons and Absent Fathers." European Journal of Life Writing 3 (November 26, 2014): VC75—VC99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5463/ejlw.3.89.

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As a contribution to the verifiable moment that auto/biographical explorations of the father are undergoing in the first two decades of the 21st century, my paper focuses on four authors whose relational memoirs "go beyond the subject." In particular, I focus on a comparative analysis of three hybrid texts -Paul Auster's The Invention of Solitude (1982), Philip Roth's Patrimony (1991), and Richard Rodriguez's Days of Obligation: an Argument with my Mexican Father (1992)-, and I include a parallel reading of Dutch author Henri J. M. Nouwen's spiritual journey The Return of the Prodigal Son (199

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Jager, Koen De. "Claims to Cultural Property Under International Law." Leiden Journal of International Law 1, no. 2 (1988): 183–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156500000868.

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After an extensive discussion of the treatment of cultural property through the ages, the author focuses on the position of art treasures under current international law. Are states under an obligation to return cultural property to its country of origin? In order to answer this question, the author introduces a ‘gliding scale’, based on the circumstances of the removal of the works of art.

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Safitri, Titis Dyah, Satia Nur Maharani, and Dwi Narullia. "MARKET REACTIONS TO DOMESTIC MARKET OBLIGATION (DMO) COAL PRICE POLICY CHANGES: EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA." Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen 19, no. 2 (2021): 376–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jam.2021.019.02.13.

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The announcement of the Domestic Market Obligation (DMO) coal price policy becomes the signal for investment decision making. The event was an announcement related to the government that can affect shares in the capital market. The form of capital market efficiency knows how equal the information that investors can absorb and the signal that indicates investors’ response, whether it is positive or negative. This research is a descriptive event study that uses twenty-one samples of coal mining subsector companies to determine capital market reactions to the Domestic Market Obligation (DMO) coal

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Подцерковний, О. П. "ПРОБЛЕМИ ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНОСТІ ФІНАНСОВОЇ УСТАНОВИ ЗА ДОГОВОРОМ БАНКІВСЬКОГО РАХУНКУ (НА ПРИКЛАДІ ОБІГУ БАНКІВСЬКИХ МЕТАЛІВ)". Наукові праці Національного університету “Одеська юридична академія” 14 (22 травня 2019): 97–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.32837/npnuola.v14i0.317.

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У статті досліджується правова природа договору банківського рахунку з позиції застосування засобів відповідальності до фінансової установи під час зберігання банківських металів. Зроблено висновок, що грошові зобов'язання з оплати коштів у разі неможливості повернути банківські метали не можуть тлумачитися такими, що постають із договору банківського вкладу, договору банківського рахунку чи зобов'язання з виконання платіжного доручення в розумінні положень Цивільного кодексу України.  The article examines the legal nature of a bank account in terms of application of the responsi

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Cruz-Saco, Maria Amparo, and Mónika López-Anuarbe. "Familism and Social Inclusion: Hispanics in New London, Connecticut." Social Inclusion 1, no. 2 (2013): 113–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v1i2.118.

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This paper analyzes the financial support and inclusiveness within Hispanic families in New London, Connecticut, and the causes of their social exclusion in the larger society. We designed and administered a survey of 114 items that was answered by 148 participants representing 1.3% of the non-Puerto Rican Hispanic population. Using factor analysis, we reduced a large number of items in two familism scores to four latent factors: "Financial Support for Family", "Obligation to Family", "Plan to Return", and "Filial Responsibility". We found that financial support for family and obligation to fa

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Vladychenko, Larysa. "The Restitution of former religious property in Ukraine: current state, problems and solutions." Ukrainian Religious Studies, no. 68 (November 19, 2013): 209–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.32420/2013.68.355.

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The process of restitution of the former religious property began in the first years of Ukraine's independence. The leadership of the state assumed the obligation to return to the religious organizations expropriated property by the former Soviet authorities. However, during the twenty-two years of existence of independent Ukraine, the relevant competent state bodies have not been developed, and accordingly, the integrated mechanism for returning the former religious property to religious organizations has been developed.

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Ippolito, Francesca. "The Pitfalls of the Italian Response to the International Obligations of Criminalisation of Gender Violence." International Criminal Law Review 21, no. 4 (2021): 748–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718123-bja10068.

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Abstract Gender oriented international law has historically been at the basis of the development of international sources of coercive obligations for addressing gender violence at the national level. The nature of these obligations range from implicit and presupposed obligations stemming from a framing of intimate partner violence as a serious human rights violation by the international jurisprudence of the ad hoc criminal tribunals as well as by the cedaw Committee and the ECtHR case law, on one hand and, on the other hand, explicit sources of the enactment of national criminal legislation fo

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Silberman, Linda. "Monasky v. Taglieri (U.S. Sup. Ct.)." International Legal Materials 59, no. 5 (2020): 873–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ilm.2020.45.

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The Supreme Court of the United States has decided four cases under the 1980 Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of the International Child Abduction (hereinafter the Hague Convention), the most recent one coming this term in Monasky v. Taglieri. The Hague Convention, adopted in 101 countries, requires the judicial or administrative authority of a country that is party to the Convention to return a child who has been wrongfully removed or retained to the country of the child's habitual residence.The Convention also provides for a limited number of defenses to return. The obligation of return

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Farnelli, Gian Maria. "Recent Trends in Investment Arbitration Concerning Legitimate Expectations." International Community Law Review 23, no. 1 (2021): 27–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18719732-12341457.

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Abstract The article addresses how the obligation not to frustrate legitimate expectations has been interpreted and applied in recent investment disputes arising out of amendments in domestic regimes in the renewable energies sector. The analysis will address cases against Czechia, Italy and Spain, the Countries currently facing the majority of disputes for alleged breaches of the Energy Charter Treaty. Jurisdictional issues related to the case law at hand, such as those stemming from intra-EU arbitration, will not be addressed. The contribution is divided in three parts, next to the introduct

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Barbero, Iker. "A Ubiquitous Border for Migrants in Transit and Their Rights: Analysis and Consequences of the Reintroduction of Internal Borders in France." European Journal of Migration and Law 22, no. 3 (2020): 366–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718166-12340080.

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Abstract Article 6.3 of the Return Directive 2008/115/EC allows a Member State to refrain from issuing a return decision to a third-country national staying illegally in their territory if they are taken back by another Member State under bilateral agreements between the two states. Due to a regressive interpretation of this precept, France has temporarily reinstated border controls and is summarily pushing back or even forcibly deporting undocumented migrants to Spain. This article will argue that the Return Directive does not repeal the obligation to follow a formal readmission procedure (wh

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HORWITZ, ALLAN V. "Predictors of Adult Sibling Social Support for the Seriously Mentally III." Journal of Family Issues 15, no. 2 (1994): 272–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x94015002007.

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Little research examines the reasons adult siblings might provide social support to unmarried, dependent brothers and sisters. This article examines how obligation, reciprocity, and the quality of personal relationships affect whether siblings provide social support to the seriously mentally ill. It uses a sample of 108 siblings of 85 participants in a treatment program for the seriously mentally ill to examine the factors that predict several aspects of help provision. Reciprocity is an important predictor of reported and projected support: The more help respondent siblings receive from ill s

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Neuman, Shoshana, and Jacob Weisberg. "Gender wage differentials and discrimination among Israeli managers." International Journal of Manpower 19, no. 3 (1998): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01437729810216676.

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The purpose of this paper is to investigate wage differentials and wage discrimination among 9,035 male and female Israeli managers. In our sample, female managers earn on average 64 per cent of their male counterparts. Using a statistical method originally developed by Ronald Oaxaca, we found that out of 36 per cent wage difference, 7.2 per cent were “legitimate”, stemming from differences in human capital characteristics, while 28.8 per cent were “illegitimate”, due to wage discrimination, in the form of different rates of return to the various characteristics. As wage differentials stem mai

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Dabor, Rebecca Omosefe. "Corporation Social Responsibility and Bank Performance in Nigeria." SRIWIJAYA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DYNAMIC ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS 2, no. 4 (2019): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.29259/sijdeb.v2i4.317-330.

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There have been divergent opinions by various scholars on the impact of corporate social responsibility activities on firm performance due to the upsurge costs involved in its provision. Some researchers maintained that it is the corporate entities’ obligation to recompense operating community for the destruction of its natural resources. This research work is aimed at ascertaining the connection of corporate social responsibility with performance of corporate entities. The sectorial scope of this study is the financial sector. Ten banks were chosen by randomization. The hypotheses were tested

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Cornu, Marie, and Marc-André Renold. "New Developments in the Restitution of Cultural Property: Alternative Means of Dispute Resolution." International Journal of Cultural Property 17, no. 1 (2010): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739110000044.

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AbstractAlternative methods of dispute resolution are an important resource in matters of cultural heritage in addressing the return, restitution, and repatriation of cultural property. The purpose of this article is to analyze the situations in which such methods might be preferred to the classical judicial means and to examine the problems that might arise.The article is in two parts. The first part describes the actors as well as the current methods used for the restitution and return of cultural property. The second part explores the types of property that lend themselves to alternative di

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Kapp, Marshall B. "For Love, Legacy, or Pay: Legal and Pecuniary Aspects of Family Caregiving." Care Management Journals 14, no. 3 (2013): 205–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1521-0987.14.3.205.

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Most caregiving and companionship provided by family members and friends to older individuals in home environments occurs because of the caregiver’s feelings of ethical and emotional obligation and attachment. From a legal perspective, though, it might be ill-advised for an informal caregiver to admit such a motivation. Building on a recently published study of relevant litigation, this essay discusses changing cultural and legal aspects of family caregiving when there is some expectation of pay, property, or future financial legacy in return for the caregiver’s present work and sacrifices.

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Ernst, Dan. "The Meaning and Liberal Justifications of Israel's Law of Return." Israel Law Review 42, no. 3 (2009): 564–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021223700000728.

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The Article argues for a new assessment of the significance of Israel's Law of Return—that the Law of Return reflects not the sovereign prerogative of a state to control immigration, but the right of every Jew to settle in the Land of Israel. This understanding of the Law of Return explains why Section 4 proclaims that as far as the Law is concerned, the status of Jews born within the State of Israel is the same as those arriving to Israel from abroad. Resolving the anomaly of Section 4 dispels several misinterpretations of the Law of Return and the critiques of the Law which grow out of these

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Chevallier, Julien, and Dinh-Tri Vo. "Portfolio allocation across variance risk premia." Journal of Risk Finance 20, no. 5 (2019): 556–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jrf-06-2019-0107.

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Purpose In asset management, what if clients want to purchase protection from risk factors, under the form of variance risk premia. This paper aims to address this topic by developing a portfolio optimization framework based on the criterion of the minimum variance risk premium (VRP) for any investor selecting stocks with an expected target return while minimizing the risk aversion associated to the portfolio according to “good” and “bad” times. Design/methodology/approach To accomplish this portfolio selection problem, the authors compute variance risk-premium as the difference from high-freq

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Gray, Kevin R. "Transboundary Environmental Disputes along the Canada-US Frontier: Revisiting the Efficacy of Applying the Rules of State Responsibility." Canadian Yearbook of international Law/Annuaire canadien de droit international 43 (2006): 333–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0069005800008791.

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SummaryThe efficacy of the rules of state responsibility for transboundary environmental harm can be questioned in light of recent disputes between Canada and the United States. Stemming from the “no-harm” principle, the obligation to prevent transboundary damage represents an integral part of international environmental law. It is reflected in a wide body of international treaties, mirroring state practice. It also forms the basis for international cooperation on transboundary and global environmental issues. This article examines how the rules of state responsibility regarding transboundary

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Hodge, James, Daniel Aaron, Haley Augur, Ashley Cheff, Joseph Daval, and Drew Hensley. "Constitutional Cohesion and the Right to Public Health." University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform, no. 53.1 (2019): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.36646/mjlr.53.1.constitutional.

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Despite years of significant legal improvements stemming from a renaissance in public health law, Americans still face major challenges and barriers in assuring their communal health. Reversals of legal reforms coupled with maligned policies and chronic underfunding contribute to diminished public health outcomes. Underlying preventable morbidity and mortality nationally are realities of our existing constitutional infrastructure. In essence, there is no general obligation of government to protect or promote the public’s health. Under principles of “constitutional cohesion,” structural facets

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Solihin, Rohmad Agus. "PERLINDUNGAN TERHADAP PEMENUHAN NAFKAH ANAK DALAM PELAKSANAAN PUTUSAN PERCERAIAN DI PENGADILAN AGAMA." Ijlil 1, no. 2 (2021): 178–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.35719/ijl.v1i2.97.

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Parents are the first party responsible for protecting and fulfilling children's rights. The rights of children to parents begin when their children are born and breathe the air in this world. So since then the responsibility of parents to their children has also arisen. Among the rights of children that must be fulfilled by parents is the right to support. Regarding family income, fathers are obliged to provide for their children if they need them, so children are obliged to provide for their mother and father if they need them. If the father is in poverty or his income is insufficient, the o

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