Academic literature on the topic 'Oblique cutting'
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Journal articles on the topic "Oblique cutting"
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Filippov, A. V., and E. O. Filippova. "Determination of Cutting Forces in Oblique Cutting." Applied Mechanics and Materials 756 (April 2015): 659–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.756.659.
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This study describes the method of determining cutting force components in oblique turning. The scheme of how the investigations were performed is presented. The characteristic curves of cutting force components vs. thickness of the material removed, tool clearance and tool rake angles are shown. The study presents the data, which have been obtained during the experimental investigations and analytically calculated, on how the cutting forces are subject to changes depending on a cutter angle, cutting depth and feed in oblique turning operations. The analysis of approximation of the experimental results and error check of the theoretical calculations relative to the experimental data are given.
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Shamoto, E., and Y. Altıntas. "Prediction of Shear Angle in Oblique Cutting with Maximum Shear Stress and Minimum Energy Principles." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 121, no. 3 (1999): 399–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2832695.
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A new shear angle prediction theory is proposed for oblique cutting operations. Oblique cutting mechanics are described by two components of shear angle, two angles defining direction of resultant cutting force, and chip flow angle. The five unknown parameters describe the geometry of chip deformation, velocities and forces in oblique cutting. When combined with the material dependent shear stress and average chip—rake face friction coefficient, cutting forces in three Cartesian directions can be predicted. In this paper, the mechanics of oblique cutting are described by five expressions. Three of the expressions are derived from the kinematics of oblique cutting, and the remaining two are derived either by applying Maximum Shear Stress or Minimum Energy Principle on the process. Unlike the previous solutions, the proposed methods do not require any intuitive or empirical assumptions, but use only the material properties, tool geometry and the physical laws of deformation. The oblique cutting parameters and forces predicted by the proposed models agree well with the empirical and experimental results reported in the classical cutting literature. The proposed models are experimentally verified in predicting forces in helical end milling which has oblique cutting mechanics.
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Mikolajczyk, Tadeusz, Hubert Latos, Tomasz Paczkowski, Danil Y. Pimenov, and Tomasz Szynka. "Innovative tools for oblique cutting." Procedia Manufacturing 22 (2018): 166–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2018.03.026.
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Wang, Lei, Bin Lin, Yu Guo, and Ji Ming Yao. "Optimization of End Mill Geometry Parameters Based on Oblique Cutting Theory." Key Engineering Materials 693 (May 2016): 850–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.693.850.
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An optimization method of end mill geometry parameters is presented for minimizing cutting energy. The helical end mill geometry is established at first. Then, the helical flutes are decomposed a set of infinitesimal oblique cutting edges. At every oblique cutting element, the differential cutting energy, which consists of differential shear energy and differential friction energy, is calculated using oblique cutting theory. By integrating the differential cutting energy along each cutting edge in the end mill, the cutting energy can be predicted during end milling. The effects on cutting energy of end mill geometry parameters are analyzed. Finally, the end mill geometry can be optimized in order to minimizing cutting energy.
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Atkins, A. G. "Toughness and Oblique Metalcutting." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 128, no. 3 (2005): 775–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2164506.
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The implications of whether new surfaces in cutting are formed just by plastic flow past the tool or by some fracturelike separation process involving significant surface work, are discussed. Oblique metalcutting is investigated using the ideas contained in a new algebraic model for the orthogonal machining of metals (Atkins, A. G., 2003, “Modeling Metalcutting Using Modern Ductile Fracture Mechanics: Quantitative Explanations for Some Longstanding Problems,” Int. J. Mech. Sci., 45, pp. 373–396) in which significant surface work (ductile fracture toughnesses) is incorporated. The model is able to predict explicit material-dependent primary shear plane angles ϕ and provides explanations for a variety of well-known effects in cutting, such as the reduction of ϕ at small uncut chip thicknesses; the quasilinear plots of cutting force versus depth of cut; the existence of a positive force intercept in such plots; why, in the size-effect regime of machining, anomalously high values of yield stress are determined; and why finite element method simulations of cutting have to employ a “separation criterion” at the tool tip. Predictions from the new analysis for oblique cutting (including an investigation of Stabler’s rule for the relation between the chip flow velocity angle ηC and the angle of blade inclination i) compare consistently and favorably with experimental results.
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Song, Ge, Shaochun Sui, and Limin Tang. "Precision prediction of cutting force in oblique cutting operation." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 81, no. 1-4 (2015): 553–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-015-7206-z.
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Yuliawan, Wendi. "Pertumbuhan Beberapa Bentuk Potongan Pangkal Setek Tanaman Mawar (Rosa sp.) Akibat Cara Aplikasi Zat Pengatur Tumbuh Root-Up." Paspalum: Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian 7, no. 1 (2019): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.35138/paspalum.v7i1.111.
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The research aims to study the growth of rose cuttings due to the shape of the base of cuttings and the way of Root-up application. The experiment was carried out in Screen House in Pasirbanteng, Hegarmanah Village, Jatinangor District. Sumedang Regency. The experiment was conducted from March to August 2015. The methode based on Randomized Block Design consisting of two factors. The first factor is the Root-up (W) application method which consists of 3 factor levels, namely without root up (w1), powder (w2), and paste (w3). The second factor is Form Cutting (S) consisting of 3 levels of treatment, is the oblique sliced (s1), taper sliced (s2), and flat sliced (s3). The factors composed of nine combinations of treatments, each of which was repeated 3 times. The results show that was not the interaction between the shape of cuttings and Root-up applications on the growth response variables of cutting rose plants, is number of shoots, length of shoots, root length, number of roots, and root volume. The oblique sliced and tapered slice form the base and of the cutting shave the best effect on the length of shoots of rose plants cutting
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Lee, Young Moon, Seung Han Yang, and Seung Il Chang. "Shear and Friction Processes in Intermittent Cutting." International Journal of Modern Physics B 17, no. 08n09 (2003): 1401–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021797920301906x.
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In intermittent cutting processes, characterized by the use of rotating tools, the undeformed chip thickness varies periodically according to the phase change of tool. Although many studies have already concentrated on intermittent cutting processes, there has been no previous analysis of the shear and friction processes. In the current study, an up-end milling process is transformed into an equivalent oblique cutting process. The varying undeformed chip thicknesses and cutting forces in the up-end milling process are thus replaced with the equivalent average ones. As a result, the shear process in shear plane and the chip-tool friction process of intermittent cutting are analyzed using the equivalent oblique cutting model. The validity of the proposed analysis was verified based on two sets of cutting tests i.e. up-end milling and equivalent oblique cutting tests.
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Zhang, Yanqing, Qingliang Cui, Hongbo Li, Zhiyong Zhang, Yongqiang He, and Deng Sun. "SIMULATION AND TEST OF CUTTING MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MILLET STALK BASED ON ANSYS/LS-DYNA." INMATEH Vol.61 61, no. 2 (2020): 143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.35633/inmateh-61-16.
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In order to find the variations of mechanical properties of millet stalk during dynamic cutting, a three-dimensional model of cutting parts and a double-layer flexible model of millet stalk were established in this study. The mechanical cutting properties of millet stalk at different cutting speeds and blade oblique angles were investigated based on ANSYS/LS-DYNA, while the verification tests were carried out based on the self-made cutting test bench. Simulation results showed that the maximum Von Mises stress was concentrated on the contact point of the stalk and the moving blade. The maximum Von Mises stress of stalk during extrusion, cutting, and after cutting were 60.03 MPa, 60.72 MPa, and 39.87 MPa, respectively, and the cutting energy of stalk epidermal tissue was greater than that of inner tissue. The cutting stress and the unit area cutting energy decreased first and changed steadily as cutting speed was increased when the cutting speed was 0.5-1.5 m/s. When the blade oblique angle was 0°-48°, the cutting stress decreased as the blade oblique angle was increased, while the unit area cutting energy decreased first and then increased. Verification tests showed that the cutting speed and the blade oblique angle had significant effects on the cutting mechanical properties (P < 0.05), which was consistent with the simulation test results. Research results can be used to optimize the cutting parameters of millet stalk
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Fuchylo, Ya D., and O. O. Bordus. "Cultivation of one-year poplar plants rooted in autumn and spring with the use of different methods of cutting planting material." Scientific Papers of the Institute of Bioenergy Crops and Sugar Beet, no. 30 (December 26, 2022): 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.47414/np.30.2022.268969.
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Purpose. Study of the peculiarities of growing one-year cutting seedlings of four cultivars of the black poplar under the conditions of the Right Bank Forest Steppe using cuttings with a perpendicular and oblique section.
 Methods. Field, laboratory, statistical.
 Results. Cuttings of cultivars ‘Dorskamp’, ‘I-45/51’, ‘Robusta’ and Toropohrytskyi’s poplar 20 cm long were planted in November and early April for three years. The cuttings for rooting were cut from one-year-old shoots using secateurs, with cuts (i) perpendicular to the axis of the shoots and (ii) an angle of 45º. In an average of 3 years, autumn planting of the varieties ‘I-45/51’ (by 6%) and ‘Robusta’ (by 25%) showed better rooting of cuttings with perpendicular cuts. Cuttings of ‘Dorskamp’ variety with oblique cuts rooted by 11 % and Toropohrytskyi’s poplar by 7% better. When planted in spring, the rooting index of cuttings with a perpendicular cut in the ‘Dorskamp’ variety was 24% higher, in ‘I-45/51’ by 30% higher, and in ‘Robusta’ variety 54 % higher. Cuttings with an oblique cut rooted better in Toropohrytskyi’s poplar (by 20 %). The height of the rooted cuttings was the largest for autumn planting of the same variety (192.9 cm). Also, cuttings with an oblique cut had an advantage in height in the variety ‘Dorskamp’ (by 12%). In the varieties ‘I-45/51’ and ‘Robusta’, cuttings with a perpendicular cut had a higher height by 16 and 5 %, respectively. For spring planting, plants of the ‘Dorskamp’ variety had a maximum height, both when using cuttings with a perpendicular cut (197.9 cm), and with an oblique cut (195.6 cm). Plants of the ‘I-45/51’ variety with a perpendicular cut had a height of 149.1 cm and oblique 126.5 cm. In ‘Robusta’, cuttings with an oblique cut were 8% smaller. The cuttings of Toropohrytskyi’s poplar at both planting seasons were taller than cuttings with an oblique cut.
 Conclusions. The effectiveness of using cuttings with a perpendicular or oblique cut depends on the cultivar of poplar, the timing of planting and the weather conditions during vegetation season. In the conditions of the Right Bank Forest Steppe, for the cultivation of Toropohrytskyi’s poplar, it is recommended to use autumn planting of cuttings with an oblique cut. Cuttings of the varieties ‘I-45/51’ and ‘Robusta’ should be planted in autumn using a perpendicular cut, and ‘Dorskamp’ with the same cut, but in spring.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Oblique cutting"
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Song, Wenge. "Development of predictive force models for classical orthogonal and oblique cutting and turning operations incorporating tool flank wear effects." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2006. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16239/1/Wenge_Song_Thesis.pdf.
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Classical orthogonal and oblique cutting are the fundamental material removal or machining processes to which other practical machining processes can be related in the study and modelling of the machining processes. In the last century, a large amount of research and development work has been done to study and understand the various machining processes with a view to improving the processes for further economic (cost and productivity) gains. However, many aspects of the cutting processes and cutting performance remains to be fully understood in order to increase the cutting capability and optimize the cutting processes; in particular, there is little study to understand the effects of the inevitable tool wear on the machining processes. This thesis includes an extensive literature review on the mechanics of cutting analysis. Considerable work has been carried out in past decades on the fundamental analysis of 'sharp' tool cutting. Although some work has been reported on the effects of tool flank wear on the cutting performance, there is a general lack of the fundamental study of the effects of the flank wear on the basic cutting or chip formation process. It has been well documented that tool flank wear results in an increase in the cutting forces. However, it was not known if this force increase is a result of the change in the chip formation process, and/or the rubbing or ploughing forces between the tool flank and the workpiece. In work carried out since the early 1980s, the effects of the so-called edge forces have been considered when the tool is not absolutely sharp. Little has been reported to further develop fundamental cutting theories to understand applications to more relevant the practical situation, i.e. to consider the tool wear effects. Based on the findings of the literature review, an experimental investigation is presented in the first part of the thesis to study the effects of tool flank wear on the basic cutting or chip formation process by examining the basic cutting variables and performance in the orthogonal cutting process with tool flank wear. The effects of tool flank wear on the basic cutting variables are discussed by a comprehensive analysis of the experimental data. It has been found that tool flank wear does not affect the basic cutting variables (i.e. shear angle, friction angle and shear stress). It is therefore deduced that the flank wear does not affect the basic chip formation process in the shear zone and in the tool-chip interface. The study also finds that tool flank wear causes an increase in the total cutting forces, as can be expected and such an increase is entirely a result of the rubbing or ploughing forces on the tool wearland. The significance of this finding is that the well-developed machining theories for 'sharp' tools can be used in modelling the machining processes when tool flank wear is present, rather than study the machining process and develop machining theories from scratch. The ploughing forces can be modelled for incorporation into the overall cutting force prediction. The experimental study also allows for the forces on the wearland (or wearland force) and edge forces to be separated from the total measured forces. The wearland force and edge force models are developed in empirical form for force prediction purpose. In addition, a database for the basic cutting variables or quantities is established for use in modelling the cutting forces. The orthogonal cutting force model allowing for the effects of flank wear is developed and verified by the experimental data. A comprehensive analysis of the mechanics of cutting in the oblique cutting process is then carried out. Based on this analysis, predictive cutting force models for oblique cutting allowing for the effects of flank wear are proposed. The wearland force and edge force are re-considered by analysing the oblique cutting process and the geometrical relation. The predictive force models are qualitatively and quantitatively assessed by oblique cutting tests. It shows that the model predictions are in excellent agreement with the experimental data. The modelling approach is then used to develop the cutting force models for a more general machining process, turning operation. By using the concept of an equivalent cutting edge, the tool nose radius is allowed for under both orthogonal and oblique cutting conditions. The wearland forces and edge forces are taken into consideration by the integration of elemental forces on the tool flank and the cutting edge, respectively. The cutting forces in turning operations are successfully predicted by using the basic cutting quantity database established in the orthogonal cutting analysis. The models are verified by turning operation tests. It shows that the model predictions are in excellent agreement with the experimental results both qualitatively and quantitatively. The major findings, research impacts and practical implications of the research are finally highlighted in the conclusion. The modelling approach considering the flank wear effects in the classical orthogonal and oblique cutting and turning operations can be readily extended to other machining operations, such as drilling and milling.
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Song, Wenge. "Development of predictive force models for classical orthogonal and oblique cutting and turning operations incorporating tool flank wear effects." Queensland University of Technology, 2006. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16239/.
Full textAbstract:
Classical orthogonal and oblique cutting are the fundamental material removal or machining processes to which other practical machining processes can be related in the study and modelling of the machining processes. In the last century, a large amount of research and development work has been done to study and understand the various machining processes with a view to improving the processes for further economic (cost and productivity) gains. However, many aspects of the cutting processes and cutting performance remains to be fully understood in order to increase the cutting capability and optimize the cutting processes; in particular, there is little study to understand the effects of the inevitable tool wear on the machining processes. This thesis includes an extensive literature review on the mechanics of cutting analysis. Considerable work has been carried out in past decades on the fundamental analysis of 'sharp' tool cutting. Although some work has been reported on the effects of tool flank wear on the cutting performance, there is a general lack of the fundamental study of the effects of the flank wear on the basic cutting or chip formation process. It has been well documented that tool flank wear results in an increase in the cutting forces. However, it was not known if this force increase is a result of the change in the chip formation process, and/or the rubbing or ploughing forces between the tool flank and the workpiece. In work carried out since the early 1980s, the effects of the so-called edge forces have been considered when the tool is not absolutely sharp. Little has been reported to further develop fundamental cutting theories to understand applications to more relevant the practical situation, i.e. to consider the tool wear effects. Based on the findings of the literature review, an experimental investigation is presented in the first part of the thesis to study the effects of tool flank wear on the basic cutting or chip formation process by examining the basic cutting variables and performance in the orthogonal cutting process with tool flank wear. The effects of tool flank wear on the basic cutting variables are discussed by a comprehensive analysis of the experimental data. It has been found that tool flank wear does not affect the basic cutting variables (i.e. shear angle, friction angle and shear stress). It is therefore deduced that the flank wear does not affect the basic chip formation process in the shear zone and in the tool-chip interface. The study also finds that tool flank wear causes an increase in the total cutting forces, as can be expected and such an increase is entirely a result of the rubbing or ploughing forces on the tool wearland. The significance of this finding is that the well-developed machining theories for 'sharp' tools can be used in modelling the machining processes when tool flank wear is present, rather than study the machining process and develop machining theories from scratch. The ploughing forces can be modelled for incorporation into the overall cutting force prediction. The experimental study also allows for the forces on the wearland (or wearland force) and edge forces to be separated from the total measured forces. The wearland force and edge force models are developed in empirical form for force prediction purpose. In addition, a database for the basic cutting variables or quantities is established for use in modelling the cutting forces. The orthogonal cutting force model allowing for the effects of flank wear is developed and verified by the experimental data. A comprehensive analysis of the mechanics of cutting in the oblique cutting process is then carried out. Based on this analysis, predictive cutting force models for oblique cutting allowing for the effects of flank wear are proposed. The wearland force and edge force are re-considered by analysing the oblique cutting process and the geometrical relation. The predictive force models are qualitatively and quantitatively assessed by oblique cutting tests. It shows that the model predictions are in excellent agreement with the experimental data. The modelling approach is then used to develop the cutting force models for a more general machining process, turning operation. By using the concept of an equivalent cutting edge, the tool nose radius is allowed for under both orthogonal and oblique cutting conditions. The wearland forces and edge forces are taken into consideration by the integration of elemental forces on the tool flank and the cutting edge, respectively. The cutting forces in turning operations are successfully predicted by using the basic cutting quantity database established in the orthogonal cutting analysis. The models are verified by turning operation tests. It shows that the model predictions are in excellent agreement with the experimental results both qualitatively and quantitatively. The major findings, research impacts and practical implications of the research are finally highlighted in the conclusion. The modelling approach considering the flank wear effects in the classical orthogonal and oblique cutting and turning operations can be readily extended to other machining operations, such as drilling and milling.
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McCarty, Sean Christopher. "A study of heat fluxes in oblique cutting of A390 using infrared imaging and inverse heat conduction." Thesis, [Tuscaloosa, Ala. : University of Alabama Libraries], 2009. http://purl.lib.ua.edu/2147.
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Yegneswaran, Kamalesh Madhavan Vis. "Deviation between the sliding direction of the chip over the tool and the direction of the friction force in oblique cutting /." Diss., Click here for available full-text of this thesis, 2006. http://library.wichita.edu/digitallibrary/etd/2006/t043.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Wichita State University, Dept. of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering.<br>"July 2006." Title from PDF title page (viewed on October 30, 2006). Thesis adviser: Vis Madhavan. Includes bibliographic references (leaves 65-67).
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Steely, Alexander N. "The Evolution from Late Miocene West Salton Detachment Faulting to Cross-Cutting Pleistocene Oblique Strike-Slip Faults in the SW Salton Trough, Southern California." DigitalCommons@USU, 2006. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6745.
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Field studies in the southwest Salton Trough between Yaqui Ridge and Borrego Mountain show that the West Salton detachment fault was active during the Pliocene and may have initiated during the latest Miocene. At Yaqui Ridge dominantly east-directed extension is recorded by slickenlines on the NW-striking detachment fault, and shows that the fault is actually a low-angle dextral oblique strike-slip fault. Crustal inheritance is responsible for the position of the fault at Yaqui Ridge, which reactivates a late Cretaceous reverse -sense mylonite zone at map scale. Late Miocene to Pliocene basin fill deposits at Borrego Mountain display progressive unconformities, contain detritus shed from the footwall and damage zone of the West Salton detachment fault, record the growth of a large hanging wall anticline, and document the initiation and evolution of the West Salton detachment fault. The Borrego Mountain anticline is a major hanging wall growth fold that trends - N60 °W and has at least 420 m of structural relief. The late Quaternary Sunset conglomerate is - 600 m thick, lies in angular unconformity on Pliocene basin fill, is bound on the SW by the dextral oblique Sunset fault, and coarsens upward and SW toward the fault. It is dominated by plutonic lithologies from nearby areas, contains up to 10% recycled sandstone clasts from Pliocene deposits, and was shed from the SW side of the then-active Sunset fault. Based on lithologic, stratigraphic, compositional similarities, we correlate this conglomerate to part of the - 1. I - 0.6 Ma Ocotillo Formation. The West Salton detachment fault was folded and deactivated at Yaqui Ridge by the dextral oblique San Felipe fault zone starting - 1. l - 1.3 Ma. The Sunset fault is in the middle of a complex left stepover between the San Felipe fault to the NW and the Fish Creek Mountains fault to the SE. Structural analyses and mapping show that syntec tonic conglomerate, the West Salton detachment fault, and footwall crystalline rocks all have similar fold geometries and record similar amounts of NE-SW shortening. The dominant SE-trending population of slip vectors on the Sunset fault is not present on the West Salton detachment fault and suggests limited or no activation of the older detachment fault by the younger fault zone.
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Xu, Neng-En, and 許能恩. "On analysis stability of oblique cutting." Thesis, 1991. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/48128705648447923702.
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Chen, Yi-Wei, and 陳一葳. "Develop Cutting Force of Micro-Via Drilling by Oblique Cutting and Experiment." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70207038279802415832.
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碩士<br>國立高雄第一科技大學<br>機械與自動化工程所<br>92<br>The micro-drill usually breaks in drilling as a result of too great a drilling force; the reason is due to the characteristic of its small diameter and high aspect ratio. This study uses the oblique cutting model and the orthogonal cutting model coupled with the development of a thin shear zone cutting analysis to predict the thrust and torque. Not only the factorial design of experiment is used to investigate the influence of machining parameter to cutting force, but also this study utilizes 24-1 factorial design to arrange the experiment of micro-drill tool geometry and cutting force. The result of experiment comes out a regression equation through “analysis of variance”, “regression analysis” and “residual analysis”. The response surface diagram is used to analyze the impact of factors and interaction of factors to cutting force. Finally, this study optimizes the design of micro-drill tool geometry and verifies the accuracy of this experiment.
According to the result, the thrust and the torque increase with the raise of feed speed if the rotational speed is constant. On the contrary, the thrust and the torque decrease with the raise of the rotational speed if the feed speed is constant. The investigation also shows that the thrust decreases with small point angle, web thickness and large helix angle. However, the torque decreases with large point angle, helix angle and small web thickness. Beside, the interaction of point angle and helix angle affects the torque significantly. The result of this research can reduce the chance of broken micro-drills due to the wrong arrange of machining parameter. It also optimizes the design of micro-drill tool geometry to reduce the production of cutting force.
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Chung-Liang, Tasi, and 蔡忠良. "Study of a cutting force model based on a generalized oblique-cutting geometrical model." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36166797052284283489.
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博士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>機械工程學研究所<br>89<br>A new generalized oblique-cutting geometrical model is presented in this study. Firstly, the three-dimension geometry of cutting tool and chip of a ball-end milling cutter is constructed. Secondly, using the above geometry, the relative relationships among instantaneous undeformed chip thickness, shear deformation zone and chip flow direction can be clearly described by cutting condition and tool’s geometrical angles. Using the former geometrical relationships, the shear-plane projecting model is constructed. The shear plane area and equivalent frictional area on the tool face are calculated accordingly. The cutting energy, including shear energy and frictional energy on the tool face, can be obtained. Finally, the three-dimension cutting forces are derived by the minimum energy method. The factors affecting cutting force, including the instantaneous depth of cut, the angle of feed, the helix angle, instantaneous rotational angle, the number of cutter edge, plowing strength of the tool tip and indentation force, are taken into account through coordinate transformation matrices to obtain cutting forces in Cartesian system.
Because of the common features existing in the geometry model, the cutting model of ball-end milling cutter can be transferred into the flat-end milling cutting model having straight cutting edge at the end of the cutter. Furthermore, the ball-end milling model is simplified to fit for the lathe tool with nose, and the flat-end milling model is simplified to the one without nose. In the same time, based on the force model of single edge model, the cutting force of double cutting edge tool is obtained by superposition of cutting forces of two single cutting edge tools of 180 degrees apart. Similarly, a four cutting edge model is synthesized by two double cutting edge models having 90 degrees difference. By so doing, a three-dimension general model, which is compatible for the ball-end milling cutters, the flat-end milling cutters, lathe tools with nose and lathe tools without nose, is constructed.
Experiments are conducted to verify the developed model. It is found that, not only static cutting force and their variational amplitudes, but also three dimensional relative relationships, the cutting forces are agree fairly well with test results for ball-end milling and flat-end milling. In addition, experimental and computed cutting forces for lathe tools with nose and without nose are very close under different depth of cut.
From the developed model, the cutting forces are influenced by the instantaneous depth of cut, angle of feed, helix angle of the cutting tool and instantaneous rotational angle and vary in sinusoidal wave manner when it is cut in the horizontal direction. There is a phase lead of X direction cutting force over that of Y direction and the Z direction cutting force is influenced by indentation force. The Z direction cutting force is increased with the depth of cut, but the amplitude of its variation is smaller. When it is cut in vertical direction, the Z direction cutting force remains unchanged with time. For the flat-end milling cutter, the Z direction cutting forces is not influenced by indentation force when it is cut in the horizontal direction. For the lathe tool, because the cutting edge is straight and does not rotate, the three-dimension forces have constant values.
Finally, by computer simulation, the effect of helix angle of the ball-end milling cutter and flat-end milling cutter is investigated. When it is cut in horizontal direction with a ball-end milling cutter of zero helix angle, the cutting forces in X, Y and Z direction are periodically varied with the equal amplitude. The increase helix angle results in a high wave followed by a low wave of different distributing angle. But for the flat-end milling cutter, the increase helix angle leads a high wave and a low wave of the same distributing angle in X and Y direction cutting forces, Z direction cutting forces, however, behaves as the zero helix angle of the ball-end milling cutter.
Based on the developed model, it is concluded that not only the true cutting behavior can be more completely described, the three dimensional cutting forces can be more conveniently and accurately predicted as well.
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Lin, Yeou Yih, and 林有鎰. "An Investigation of Oblique Cutting Model with Continuous Chip and Discontinuous Chip by Finite Element Method." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/05341385383185288972.
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博士<br>國立臺灣科技大學<br>機械工程系<br>87<br>A simulation model for oblique cutting with continuous chip and discontinuous chip is established, in which the tool begins by first cutting into the workpiece and gradually pushes forward in displacement increment till the formation of steady-state cutting force.
The finite deformation theory, ULF, principle of virtual work and incremental theory are used. The tool geometrical location condition or the strain energy density criterion and the twin node approach serve as the criterion of chip separation. The friction at the chip-tool interface is considered. A 3D tool face geometrical limitation condition is developed to correct the chip flow direction step by step. In this case, an elastic-plastic finite element simulation program of oblique cutting is established. The chip deformation process and variation of the physical quantity in the chip and workpiece under the condition of a certain low cutting speed, but without considering the temperature effect was investigated, where the chip flow angle is close to the tool inclination, it satisfies to the geometrical requirement of Stabler''s criterion, and the error between the simulated and experimental values of specific cuting energy was under an acceptable range, it matches wirh the mechanics requirement. It proves the feasibility of this model.
A 3D heat transfer finite difference equation is derived in the second part of the study when the flow stress of workpiece material is considered the function of strain, strain rate and temperature. Consequently, a coupled thermo elastic-plastic finite element simulation program for oblique cutting is developed. Under the consideration of such conditions as the temperature effect, heat transfer and different low cutting speeds, the effect of temperature and cutting speed on chip deformation, variation of physical quantity on the chip surface, the geometrical phenomenon of 3D chip curl and the effect of surface integrity of the workpiece machined surface was investigated. The results show that the higher the cutting speed, the lower the stress and the higher the strain, strain rate and temperature on chip surface, and the flatter the surface integrity. The chip leaves from the tool face initially with approximate two-time tool inclination angle, then decreases gradually, it induces the three dimensional chip curl phenomenon occurs when separated from the tool face.
Considering the geometrical characteristics of chip breaker tool, a two-stage 3D tool face geometrical limitation criterion is established in the third part, thus a coupled thermo elastic-plastic finite element simulation program for oblique cutting with a chip breaker tool is developed. The effect of different chip breaker lengths on chip deformation process and the variation of physical quantity on the chip surface under the consideration of temperature effect, heat transfer and a certain low cutting speed was investigated. The results shows that the stress concentration and higher temperature occured in the vicinity of the chip breaker length, and the shorter the chip breaker length, the smaller the residual stresses on the machined surface and the better the surface integrity.
The fourth part developed an elastic-plastic finite element simulation program for 3D cutting of discontinuous chip based on the strain energy density as the chip fracture. In this part, a P20 tool is used to cut 6-4 brass (60%Cu, 40%Zn) workpiece under the condition of extremely low cutting speed in order to study the initial crack location, the direction of crack growth and variation of the physical quantity of discontinuous chip under 3D cutting. The results show that the initial crack was formed at the place above the tool tip and grew progressively along the maximum strain energy density curve till the free surface.
Finally, followed the theory of the fourth part, an elastic-plastic finite element simulation program of discontinuous chip was also developed for oblique cutting to explore the formation process of discontinuous chip and the physical quantity of discontinuous chip. The results show that the chip initial crack was formed at the place of the first node along the first flow line transverse cross section of the chip and grew progressively along the maximum strain energy density curve to form the discontinuous chip with the tool advancement.
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Yegneswaran, Kamalesh. "Deviation between the sliding direction of the chip over the tool and the direction of the friction force in oblique cutting." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/360.
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Pure oblique cutting experiments with conventional cutting tools as well as ultra-sharp tools have been carried out under a wide range of cutting conditions using a linear slide based cutting set-up. The chip flow direction was measured using the 3D Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technique of high-speed stereoscopic images and the frictional force direction was determined from forces. It is estimated that the error in chip flow angle measurements using DIC, was approximately ±1°, as was the error in friction force direction measurements from forces. An increasing trend of the angles with an increase in feed and a decreasing trend of the angles with an increase in speeds were observed. It was found that under many conditions, there is a significant difference between the chip flow direction and the friction force direction. This difference decreases with increase in friction co-efficient and with increasing sharpness of the cutting edge. However, with ultra-sharp microtome knives there is a small but finite difference between the chip flow direction and the friction force direction. By the use of DIC to measure the chip flow angle at different points along the back of the chip, it is found that there was no variation in chip-flow angle over the width of the chip.<br>Thesis (M.S.)--Wichita State University, College of Engineering, Dept. of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering<br>Includes bibliographic references (leaves 65-67)
Book chapters on the topic "Oblique cutting"
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Gao, Jianmin, and Yongchao Jin. "Soil-Cutting Simulation and Test of Oblique Rotary Tiller." In Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture V. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27275-2_16.
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Shulgin, A. N., O. A. Chuprina, M. D. Ledovskyh, and V. V. Pykhov. "Determination of Rational Cutting Conditions with Oblique Determination of Figures of Merit." In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Industrial Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14125-6_88.
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Grzesik, W., and J. Litwin. "Modelling of Final Plastic Deformation in the Case of Continuous Straight-Edged Oblique Cutting." In Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth International Matador Conference. Macmillan Education UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12433-6_75.
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Grzesik, Wit. "Orthogonal and Oblique Cutting Mechanics." In Advanced Machining Processes of Metallic Materials. Elsevier, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-63711-6.00006-5.
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Grzesik, Wit. "Orthogonal and Oblique Cutting Mechanics." In Advanced Machining Processes of Metallic Materials. Elsevier, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-008044534-2.50008-4.
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Quiza, Ramón, Iván La Fé-Perdomo, Marcelino Rivas, and Veena Ramtahalsing. "Triple Bottom Line-Focused Optimization of Oblique Turning Processes Based on Hybrid Modeling." In Handbook of Research on Advancements in Manufacturing, Materials, and Mechanical Engineering. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4939-1.ch010.
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This chapter proposes a hybrid approach for modelling and optimizing the oblique turning processes. Analytical modelling and statistical regressions are combined for predicting the values of the most important parameters involved in the oblique cutting process. The predictions of the model were validated by using experimental data, showing coincidence for a 95% confidence level. Then, an a posteriori multi-objective optimization is carried out by using a genetic algorithm. Three conflicting objectives, which represent the three pillars of the sustainability as defined in the triple bottom line, are simultaneously considered: the carbon dioxide emissions, the cost, and the cutting time. The outcome of the optimization process is a set of non-nominate solutions, which are optimal in the wide sense that no other solution in the search space can improve one objective without worsening the other one. Finally, the decision-maker chooses the most convenient solution depending on the actual workshop conditions.
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Jiang, Chuang, Rui Shi, Xiaozhong Deng, and Zhengyang Han. "Milling force model of spiral bevel gear based on the theory of oblique cutting and cutting test." In Power Engineering. CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315386829-117.
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Xavier, João Pedro, and Eliana Manuel Pinho. "On the Biais Passé." In Advances in Media, Entertainment, and the Arts. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0029-2.ch015.
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Among the famous dynamic string models conceived by Théodore Olivier (1793-1853) as a primary didactic tool to teach Descriptive Geometry, there are some that were strictly related to classic problems of stereotomy. This is the case of the biais passé, which was both a clear illustration of a special warped ruled surface and an example of how constructors dealt with the problem of building a skew arch, solving structural and practical stone cutting demands. The representation of the biais passé in Olivier's model achieved a perfect correspondence to its épure with Monge's Descriptive Geometry. This follow from the long development of representational tools, since the 13th century sketch of an oblique passage, as well as the improvement of constructive procedures for skew arches. Paradoxically, when Olivier presented his string model, the importance of the biais passé was already declining. Meanwhile other ruled surfaces were appropriated by architecture, some of which acquiring, beyond their inherent structural efficiency, a relevant aesthetic value.
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Miller, William Ian. "Lord of the Table: Judges 19 and the Last Supper." In Outrageous Fortune. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197530689.003.0008.
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This chapter provides an extended treatment of how giving and receiving food is perhaps the primal obligation-creating and -discharging of social actions. The chapter deals with what it means to be host and guest, two sides of the same Indo-European verbal root, yielding also opposites like hospitality and hostility. The chapter also deals with adoption, grafting a person into one’s kin group as an heir by means of rituals where drinking and eating figure as the sine qua non of offializing the new relation. One ceremony is of Salian Frankish origin, another one old Norwegian. The chapter ties these in with baptism and circumcision and covenant formation by means of mixing blood, or cutting flesh, human and animal. This leads to a discussion of the dismemberment of the Levite’s concubine in Judges 19. After she had been gang-raped to death her husband cuts her into twelve parts which are sent out to summon the nation and oblige them to take revenge on the tribe of Benjamin, the tribe of the inhospitable rapists. The argument is that Jesus is referring directly to Judges 19 when he divides his body into twelve parts just as the Levite did his concubine, the ceremony obliges one to carry out his mission, in effect, to take revenge.
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Chimenti, Dale, Stanislav Rokhlin, and Peter Nagy. "Bulk Ultrasonic Techniques for Evaluation of Elastic Properties." In Physical Ultrasonics of Composites. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195079609.003.0007.
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Currently, the design of most composite components is based on stiffness, and therefore methods for static measurement of stiffness are in wide use. The disadvantages of these methods lie in their destructive nature (the samples must be cut from parts of different orientations), in the difficulty of measuring shear properties, and in the need for extra care when measuring Young’s modulus in off-axis directions. Ultrasonic methods are more accurate and have higher spatial resolution than static measurements. As we showed in Chapter 2, by measuring ultrasonic velocities in several predefined directions, all elastic constants can be determined. The generic method described there is also destructive, however, requiring cutting numerous samples with appropriate fiber orientation. Specialized nondestructive methods for determining the elastic moduli of composite materials are more powerful and they can be applied to composite coupons before, during, and after strength or fatigue testing. It is important to have a fast and inexpensive technique to estimate input parameters for composite design. It is even more important to have a technique to evaluate composites during service to verify that the manufactured elastic stiffnesses match those assumed in the design. Several methods that utilize bulk ultrasonic waves for measurement of composite elastic constants are considered in this chapter. By bulk wave methods, we mean quasilongitudinal and quasitransverse ultrasonic wave velocity measurement methods that are applicable when the sample thickness h is larger than both the ultrasonic pulse space length τV and the wavelength λ (τ is the ultrasonic pulse length in time, and V is the wave speed). Other methods, which are applicable in the range h < τV and which account for wave interference with the boundaries of the specimen, will be considered in the following chapters. The most promising way to evaluate composite elastic properties nondestructively is to measure ultrasonic velocities in different directions in the composite material and reconstruct the elastic constants from these values using some kind of an inversion technique. One possible method has been suggested by Markham in the 1970s, who used ultrasonic waves obliquely incident from water onto a composite plate to measure ultrasonic velocities in various directions and evaluated the results to determine elastic constants.
Conference papers on the topic "Oblique cutting"
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Li, Huaizhong, Wenbin Zhang, and Xiaoping Li. "A Predictive Model for Helical End Milling Forces." In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-1812.
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Abstract A predictive model for helical end milling forces is developed using a predictive machining theory, which predicts cutting forces from input data of workpiece material properties, tool geometry and cutting conditions. In the model, each tooth of a helical end milling cutter is discretizised into a number of slices along the cutter axis to account for the helix angle effect on the cutting forces. The cutting action of each of the slices is modeled as an oblique cutting process. For the first slice of each tooth, it is modeled as oblique cutting with end cutting edge effect and tool nose radius effect, whereas the cutting actions of other slices are modeled as oblique cutting without end cutting edge effect and tool nose radius effect. The total cutting forces acting on the cutter is obtained as the sum of the forces at all the cutting slices of all the teeth. Experimental milling tests have been conducted to verify the model which showed good agreements.
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Shamoto, Eiji, and Yusuf Altintas. "Prediction of Shear Angle in Oblique Cutting With Maximum Shear Stress and Minimum Energy Principles." In ASME 1997 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1997-1084.
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Abstract A new shear angle prediction law is proposed for oblique cutting operations. Assuming a thin shear zone model, the oblique cutting mechanics are described by the five angles which show the directions of shear, resultant cutting force and chip flow. Five expressions required to solve the unknown angles are derived from the kinematics of oblique cutting and the physical law of deformation, i.e. either Maximum Shear Stress or Minimum Energy Principle. Unlike the previous solutions which require intuitive or empirical assumptions, the proposed methods use only the tool geometry and the material properties, i.e. shear yield stress and average chip-rake face friction coefficient. The predicted angles and forces agree well with the empirical and experimental results reported in the literature. Furthermore, the proposed models are experimentally verified in predicting forces for practical oblique helical end milling operations.
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Kesriklioglu, Sinan, Justin D. Morrow, and Frank E. Pfefferkorn. "Tool-Chip Interface Temperature Measurement in Interrupted and Continuous Oblique Cutting." In ASME 2017 12th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the JSME/ASME 2017 6th International Conference on Materials and Processing. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2017-2934.
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The objective of this work is to fabricate instrumented cutting tools with embedded thermocouples to accurately measure the tool-chip interface temperature in interrupted and continuous turning. Thin-film thermocouples were sputtered directly onto the flat rake face of a commercially available tungsten carbide cutting insert using micro machined stencils and coated the measurement junction with a protective layer to obtain temperature data 1.3 μm below the tool-chip interface. Oblique interrupted cutting tests on AISI 12L14 steel were performed to observe the influence of varying cutting speeds and cooling intervals on tool chip interface temperature. An additional cutting experiment was conducted to monitor the interface temperature change between interrupted and continuous cuts.
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Long, Yu, and Yong Huang. "Worn Tool Force Modeling in 3D Oblique Cutting Under Hard Turning Conditions." In ASME 2006 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2006-21063.
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Quantitative understanding and prediction of cutting forces using worn tools is important to cutting process thermal modeling, tool life estimation, chatter prediction, and tool condition monitoring purposes. In this paper, a modeling approach in 3D oblique cutting is presented. The cutting configuration is featured with worn chamfered tools with a rounded tool nose under hard turning conditions, which are characterized by small feed rate and small depth of cut using a chamfered nose radius tool. The whole cutting edge is discretized into a number of elements, which follow the same chip flow angle. The force information is modeling by collectively considering the forces on each discretized elementary cutting edge based on a worn tool force model. The proposed model is further validated with the experimental hard turning studies. It is found that the chip flow angel does not change noticeably with tool wear. The predicted cutting and feed forces are relatively accurate compared with the predictions of the thrust forces. The force modeling accuracy is expected to be further improved by accurate consideration of the flank and crater wear geometry and generalization of the interaction forces between the discretized chip elements along the tool nose of the chamfer zone in the future studies.
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Liu, Hui, Yan-Qi Kan, Peng-Fei Li, and Chun-Hui Wang. "Wear Characteristic Study of the Flat Slipper of Shearer Considering Oblique Cutting." In 2nd 2016 International Conference on Sustainable Development (ICSD 2016). Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icsd-16.2017.11.
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Pervaiz, Salman, and Sathish Kannan. "Fem Assisted Observations Of Cutting Forces, Temperature And Chip Curling In Oblique Machining." In 2018 Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering (CSME) International Congress. York University Libraries, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.25071/10315/35234.
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Ng, Eu-gene, Tahany I. El-Wardany, Mihaela Dumitrescu, and Mohamed A. Elbestawi. "3D Finite Element Analysis for the High Speed Machining of Hardened Steel." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-33633.
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The objective of this research is to illustrate the importance of modeling the right/similar chip formation with experimental results. When machining ‘difficult to cut’ materials at high cutting speeds, segmented chips are usually formed. When modeling the cutting process, it is important to consider the type of chip formed, as this affects the stress field generated in the workpiece. The modeled chips have to be the same type as those obtained during experimental work. However very few published models were capable of modeling the 3D oblique cutting with segmented chip formation. This paper presents a finite element model that includes a user customized catastrophic slip criterion and crack propagation module to model segmented chip formation in orthogonal & oblique machining of hardened AISI 4340 steel (52±2 HRC). Predicted cutting forces and chip thickness for segmented chips were in close agreement with experimental data. The modeled plastic strain and temperature distribution/magnitude were very different for continuous and segmented chip formation.
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Zhao, Ping, Xuewei Bai, Yongkui Li, Yue Tian, and Changyi Lv. "Parametric Design on Stubble-cutting Disc with Oblique Ripples Based on Reverse Engineering Methods." In 2018 International Conference on Computer Science, Electronics and Communication Engineering (CSECE 2018). Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/csece-18.2018.82.
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Merdol, S. Doruk, and Yusuf Altintas. "Mechanics and Dynamics of Serrated End Mills." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-39114.
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Mechanics and dynamics of serrated milling cutters are presented in the article. The serrated flute design knots are fitted to a cubic spline, which is then projected on helical flutes. Cutting edge geometry at any point along the serrated flute is represented by its immersion angle and tangent vectors in radial, tangential and helix directions. The chip thickness removed by each cutting edge point is determined by using previously proposed exact kinematics of dynamic milling. The cutting forces are evaluated by orthogonal to oblique cutting mechanics transformation. The experimentally proven model is able to predict the cutting forces and chatter stability lobes in time domain.
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Dlamini, Niniza S. P., Iakovos Sigalas, and Andreas Koursaris. "Cutting Tool Wear and Mechanisms of Chip Formation During High-Speed Machining of Compacted Graphite Iron." In ASME/STLE 2007 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2007-44026.
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Cutting tool wear of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PcBN) tools was investigated in oblique turning experiments when machining compacted graphite iron at high cutting speeds, with the intention of elucidating the failure mechanisms of the cutting tools and presenting an analysis of the chip formation process. Dry finish turning experiments were conducted in a CNC lathe at cutting speeds in the range of 500–800m/min, at a feed rate of 0.05mm/rev and depth of cut of 0.2mm. Two different tool end-of-life criteria were used: a maximum flank wear scar size of 0.3mm (flank wear failure criterion) or loss of cutting edge due to rapid crater wear to a point where the cutting tool cannot machine with an acceptable surface finish (surface finish criterion). At high cutting speeds, the cutting tools failed prior to reaching the flank wear failure criterion due to rapid crater wear on the rake face of the cutting tools. Chip analysis, using SEM, revealed shear localized chips, with adiabatic shear bands produced in the primary and secondary shear zones.