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1
Hikmah, Nurul, Dharmono Dharmono, and Atiek Winarti. "The Development of the Poaceae Family Scientific Book in the Tabanio Beach Forest on Students' Creative Thinking Ability." BIO-INOVED : Jurnal Biologi-Inovasi Pendidikan 3, no. 2 (June 28, 2021): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/bino.v3i2.9932.
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The evaluation of students' creative thinking has not been optimal, the use of books in the Higher Plant Botany course at the Biology Education Faculty of ULM in the Poaceae family sub-material based on creative thinking is still limited, so enrichment teaching materials are needed by utilizing local potential and using aspects of thinking creative. The scientific book development model adapted Tessmer's formative evaluation which was limited to self-evaluation, expert review of 3 ULM Master of Biology Education lecturers which included material experts, linguists and media experts, one-to-one evaluation and small group evaluation which included 8 undergraduate students of Biology Education FKIP ULM who have passed the Higher Plant Botany course. The assessment given by experts to scientific books obtained valid criteria (3.59). Respondents' assessment of the practicality of the content obtained very good criteria (88.89%). Respondents' assessment of the practicality of expectations obtained very good criteria (83%). The observer's assessment on the fulfillment of expectations obtained very good criteria (82%). Assessment of the effectiveness of expectations obtained high criteria (80.80) and increased creative thinking skills at three meetings obtained moderate N-gain criteria. Scientific books are declared valid, practical and effective.Abstrak Belum optimalnya evaluasi berpikir kreatif mahasiswa, penggunaan buku pada mata kuliah Botani Tumbuhan Tinggi di S1 Pendidikan Biologi FKIP ULM pada sub-materi Famili Poaceae berbasis berpikir kreatif yang masih terbatas, sehingga diperlukan bahan ajar pengayaan dengan memanfaatkan potensi lokal dan menggunakan aspek-aspek berpikir kreatif. Model pengembangan buku ilmiah mengadaptasi evaluasi formatif Tessmer yang dibatasi hanya pada self evaluation, expert review dari 3 dosen Magister Pendidikan Biologi ULM yang meliputi ahli materi, ahli bahasa dan ahli media, one-to-one evaluation dan small group evaluation yang meliputi 8 mahasiswa S1 Pendidikan Biologi FKIP ULM yang telah lulus mata kuliah Botani Tumbuhan Tinggi. Penilaian yang diberikan ahli terhadap buku ilmiah memperoleh kriteria valid (3,59). Penilaian responden pada kepraktisan isi memperoleh kriteria yang sangat baik (88,89%). Penilaian responden pada kepraktisan harapan memperoleh kriteria sangat baik (83%). Penilaian observer pada keterlaksanaan harapan memperoleh kriteria sangat baik (82%). Penilaian keefektifan harapan memperoleh kriteria tinggi (80,80) serta peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kreatif pada tiga pertemuan memperoleh kriteria N-gain sedang. Buku ilmiah dinyatakan valid, praktis dan efektif.
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Khazeni, Arash. "ACROSS THE BLACK SANDS AND THE RED: TRAVEL WRITING, NATURE, AND THE RECLAMATION OF THE EURASIAN STEPPE CIRCA 1850." International Journal of Middle East Studies 42, no. 4 (October 15, 2010): 591–614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743810000838.
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AbstractThrough a reading of 19th-century Persian travel narratives, this article locates the history of Iran and Central Eurasia within recent literature on global frontier processes and the encounter between empire and nature. It argues that Persianate travel books about Central Eurasia were part of the imperial project to order and reclaim the natural world and were forged through the material encounter with the steppes. Far from a passive act of collecting information and more than merely an extension of the observer's preconceptions, description was essential to the expansion and preservation of empire. Although there exists a vast literature on Western geographical and ethnographic representations of the Middle East, only recently have scholars begun to mine contacts that took place outside of a Western colonial framework and within an Asian setting. Based on an analysis of Riza Quli Khan Hidayat'sSifaratnama-yi Khvarazm, the record of an expedition sent from the Qajar Dynasty to the Oxus River in 1851, the article explores the 19th-century Muslim “discovery” of the Eurasian steppe world. The expedition set out to define imperial boundaries and to reclaim the desert, but along the way it found a permeable “middle ground” between empires, marked by transfrontier and cross-cultural exchanges.
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Shinoda, H., and M. Ikeda. "Visual Acuity Affected by Size Perception Based on Convergence Cue." Perception 26, no. 1_suppl (August 1997): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/v970198.
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Increasing (or decreasing) the convergence angle can shrink (or expand) the perceived size of an object without changing its retinal size (Oyama, 1974 Perception & Psychophysics16 175 – 182). Here we address the question whether such a change in perceived size affects visual acuity. We investigated the effects of perceived size on the legibility of letters, using a telestereoscope consisting of four mirrors to control the observer's convergence angle while keeping the size of the retinal image constant. The targets were photocopies of ordinary Japanese books containing both types of Japanese characters, kana and kanji. The former is a phonetic character and simpler than the latter. Letters were printed in black on white paper. First, we demonstrated that letters do become more legible (illegible) as perceived size expands (shrinks), although their retinal size does not change. Then, we measured the size of the convergence angle at which letters became legible. The ‘threshold’ size of the convergence angle was obtained for several retinal sizes (0.1 to 0.2 deg) of letters, and for kana and kanji, respectively. Four subjects participated in the experiment. The result shows that the threshold convergence angle for legibility decreases as the retinal size of letters decreases, so that the minimum retinal size of legible letters depends linearly on the convergence angle. The results implicate contributions from higher levels of the visual system to the determination of visual acuity.
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Barquero, Beatriz, Elizabeth J. Robinson, and Glyn V. Thomas. "Children’s ability to attribute different interpretations of ambiguous drawings to a naive vs. a biased observer." International Journal of Behavioral Development 27, no. 5 (September 2003): 445–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01650250344000064.
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In two experiments we investigated 5- to 7-year-olds’ ability to attribute to a naive or a biased observer an interpretation of ambiguous drawings (restricted views of a nondescript part of a depicted object) corresponding to that observer’s mental state: ignorance for the naive observer and expectation for the biased observer. In Experiment 1, in which the expectation was only based on the observer’s prior viewing experience, children mostly failed to infer a proper interpretation for both a biased and a naive observer; instead, they ascribed to this character an interpretation corresponding to the real identity of the target picture. In Experiment 2, in which the expectation was additionally based on a more stable characteristic of the observer, a high percentage of children succeeded in generating for the biased observer an interpretation according to that expectation. For the naive observer, children’s answers seemed to be at random. In addition, we used a replication of Gopnik and Astington’s “book” task (1988), obtaining different results. We conclude that children aged 5 to 7 years have a rudimentary understanding of the interpretive nature of external representations. Hence their varying performance on interpretive theory of mind tasks, depending on the details of the task or the context in which it is presented.
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Guice, Sherry L. "Creating Communities of Readers: A Study of Children's Information Networks as Multiple Contexts for Responding to Texts." Journal of Reading Behavior 27, no. 3 (September 1995): 379–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10862969509547888.
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This case study explores the perspectives of a group of sixth-grade language arts students concerning their views of the contexts of reading and responding to books in school. The researcher took the role of participant-observer and characterizes this study as a qualitative interpretive case study. As participant-observer, the researcher collected data in the form of fieldnotes, interviews, and written responses; the researcher analyzed data using the constant comparison method. Results of the study indicated that in this setting children respond to texts differently in the contexts under which they read and write about books. There were four different classroom contexts for responding to books in school: “silent” reading, book selection, writing, and aesthetic activity. Three conclusions were drawn from the study and make up an emerging grounded theory: (a) Children respond to books in patterns specific to school contexts, (b) Classroom contexts for reading and responding to books are socially constructed through children's interactions, and (c) Children constructed a community of readers by interacting with one another to respond to books in socially constructed contexts serving as information networks.
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Sierotowicz, Tadeusz. "Schyłek metafory. Rzecz o księdze Natury." Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka, no. 31 (January 2, 2018): 47–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pspsl.2017.31.2.
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The book of nature expressed both the possibility of knowing/reading of nature and the relationship between the experimental science and other books, mainly the book of Revelation. However, the role and significance of the metaphor changed with the development of natural science, and now the book of nature seems to obscure other books, and, moreover, its reading became the model of reading in general. Actually this metaphor is not a living metaphor any more, as it does not create, but closes and eclipses. Hence the need to look for a new one. This story is told here on the basis of Teodor Parnicki’s prose, who was a very careful observer and connoisseur of history of ideas, and of history as a mode of literature.
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Austin, Sara, and Ann Marie Wainscott. "Children's Literature as a Front in the War on Terror: Ineffective Policy, Ineffective Literature." International Research in Children's Literature 14, no. 1 (February 2021): 52–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ircl.2021.0377.
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Morocco is often praised for its proactive and innovative CVE (countering violent extremism) programme. This article analyses a three-part Arabic-language book series, Maʿ Naṣir wa Basma [With Nasir and Basma], produced by an organ of the Moroccan religious bureaucracy, the Mohammedan League of Religious Scholars, that ostensibly seeks to discourage adolescents from being susceptible to recruitment to VE (violent extremist) organisations. Starring two young Moroccan children, these books portray jihadists as old, ridiculous, or inept and the main characters as in need of protection by a paternalistic state, leaving children, especially young men, underprepared for the recruiting efforts of such organisations. The books emphasise state intervention over child action, suggesting the books are directed more at Western investors in need of reassurance than at children, supporting the critique made by some observers that CVE is more about security theatre than preventing violence.
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Taati, Poopak. "AZADEH KIAN-THIEBAUT, Secularization of Iran: A Doomed Failure? The New Middle Class and the Making of Modern Iran (Paris: Institut d'etudes iraniennes and Diffusion Peeters, 1998). Pp. 296." International Journal of Middle East Studies 32, no. 1 (February 2000): 184–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743800002245.
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Secularization of Iran: A Doomed Failure? is an extremely readable, insightful, and detailed contribution by Azadeh Kian-Thiebaut to the literature on Iranian society and politics in the 20th century. When I first started reading the book, I expected the pedantic descriptions that often characterize doctoral dissertations turned into books. Fortunately, however, I found the book much more than a dispassionate treatment of facts and theories. The author has perspectives and points of views that are not just hidden in the various descriptions of events and ideas. Yet her work is not an ideological treatment of Iranian politics and society, either. Events and historical facts are treated with a level of sociological objectivity and sound judgment that are not too common among Iran's observers.
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Hayles, N. Katherine. "Combining Close and Distant Reading: Jonathan Safran Foer's Tree of Codes and the Aesthetic of Bookishness." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 128, no. 1 (January 2013): 226–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2013.128.1.226.
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Any analysis of reading today must consider contemporary writing practices. The epochal shift from print to digital texts has been under way for some time. Indeed, print books are now so interpenetrated with digital media at every stage of their production that they may more appropriately be considered an output form of digital texts than a separate medium. Much has been written about the end of books, but, as Alan Liu observes, they have been deconstructed almost from the beginning, from the remixing of Bible excerpts according to the liturgical calendar to the experimental fiction of Laurence Sterne's Tristram Shandy to Raymond Queneau's Cent mille milliards de poèmes (“End” 509-11). This tradition notwithstanding, Jessica Pressman correctly detects in some contemporary novels anxiety about the continued life of books and a desire to reassert the book's authority in the face of the exponential expansion of the Web and the ongoing conversion of books into digitized texts, including the several million now available at Google Books and other online venues.
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Oprel, Marieke. "Review Authorized Biography Angela Merkel." European Journal of Life Writing 3 (October 14, 2014): R7—R11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5463/ejlw.3.122.
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With Angela Merkel favoured to win the German election again, several political books about the German chancellor were published during 2013. Both in Germany and abroad, observers puzzled over the reasons for the on-going success of Mrs. Merkel, the scientist from East Berlin who became an internationally honoured stateswoman. One book stood out because of the label ‘authorized biography’ on the cover: Angela Merkel. The Chancellor and her world, written by Stefan Kornelius. Whether Merkel asked Kornelius, head of the international section of the Süddeutsche Zeitung, to write a book about her political career and vision, or just commented and approved a book Kornelius had written independently, is not mentioned. However, the fact is that Kornelius’ book is the first biography for which Merkel gave her consent. The question is: what new light does this authorized biography shed on the person behind the politician? This article was first published in EJLW on 14 October 2014.
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Rahmiati, Putri Pratami, Yudi Firmanul Arifin, and Atiek Winarti. "The Practicality of Popular Scientific Book of Fungi in Tabanio Beach Forest as Enrichment for Botani Tumbuhan Rendah Course." BIO-INOVED : Jurnal Biologi-Inovasi Pendidikan 3, no. 2 (June 27, 2021): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/bino.v3i2.10293.
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Learning resources can be developed by utilizing the surrounding environment or based on local potential. Individual intelligence will grow and develop through a process of interaction with their environment, so it is necessary to use the environment in contextual learning. One of the sources of learning based on local potential that can be developed is popular scientific books. The development of learning resources in the form of popular scientific books in this study aims to overcome the problem of limited learning resources in low plant botanical subjects, especially on the topic of fungi with macroscopic materials and examples of fungi from the environment. This development research aims to test the practicality of a popular scientific book entitled "Forest Fungi Tabanio Beach". This development method uses Tessmer's formative evaluation. The practicality of popular scientific books was carried out by 3 students as small group test subjects to obtain expected practicality data and 17 students as field test subjects to obtain actual practicality data using student response questionnaires. In addition, data on the implementation of popular scientific books which were assessed by 3 observers were also obtained. The results showed that the developed popular scientific books were practical to be used as enrichment for Low Plant Botany courses.Abstrak Sumber belajar dapat dikembangkan dengan memanfaatkan lingkungan sekitar atau berbasis potensi lokal. Intelegensi individu akan tumbuh dan berkembang melalui proses interaksi dengan lingkungannya, sehingga perlu adanya pemanfaatan lingkungan dalam pembelajaran kontekstual. Sumber belajar berbasis potensi lokal yang dapat dikembangkan salah satunya yaitu buku ilmiah populer. Pengembangan sumber belajar berbentuk buku ilmiah populer dalam penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengatasi masalah keterbatasan sumber belajar pada mata kuliah botani tumbuhan rendah khususnya pada topik jamur dengan materi dan contoh-contoh jamur makroskopis dari lingkungan. Penelitian pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk menguji kepraktisan buku ilmiah populer yang berjudul "Jamur Hutan Pantai Tabanio". Metode pengembangan ini menggunakan evaluasi formatif dari Tessmer. Kepraktisan buku ilmiah populer dilakukan oleh 3 orang mahasiswa sebagai subjek uji small group untuk memperoleh data kepraktisan harapan dan 17 orang mahasiswa sebagai subjek uji field test untuk memperoleh data kepraktisan aktual dengan menggunakan angket respon mahasiswa. Selain itu juga diperoleh data keterlaksanaan buku ilmiah populer yang dinilai oleh 3 observer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan buku ilmiah populer yang dikembangkan praktis digunakan sebagai pengayaan mata kuliah Botani Tumbuhan Rendah.
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Bujupaj, Gresa, and Valbona Gashi-Berisha. "Gender representation in EFL course books explored through a corpus-based study: A case study." Science for Education Today 10, no. 6 (December 30, 2020): 238–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15293/2658-6762.2006.13.
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Introduction. Through this corpus-based case study, the authors examine gender representation in four English as a Foreign Language (ELF) course books, “Exploring English”, through a grammatical perspective. Particularly, the study observes the frequencies of pronouns ‘he’ and ‘she’, the association of fourteen action verbs with a certain gender, and differences in gender representation between Course book 3 and 4. To analyse the issue, a Do-It-Yourself (DIY) corpus is compiled with texts selected and stored individually from each course book. Materials and Methods. A mixed approach is used to collect and analyse the data for this study. By using AntConc, the study firstly retrieves the numerical data which are further analysed and interpreted qualitatively. Results. The findings suggest underrepresentation of women. In addition, certain actions were associated with a particular gender. More specifically, noticeable was the positioning of feminine pronouns with domestic activities or chores such as cooking, while masculine pronouns were linked with actions such as paying bills or repairing cars. Although both genders participated equally in dialogues, the contextual analysis of pronouns suggests that the order of mention in sentences reflects masculine supremacy. Nevertheless, the last two levels of the course books suggest a similar representation of gender as hypothesised. Conclusions. The pronoun and verb analysis in this study revealed the uneven and biased representation of gender in textbooks which is concerning for the future of education. Yet, this is only a case study and findings cannot be generalized. Lastly, the authors consider that further analysis on gender representation in the course books from other grammatical aspects would provide even more comprehensive results. Keywords Gender representation; DIY corpus; EFL course books; Pronouns; Action verbs
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Dobrescu, Paul, and Mălina Ciocea. "Book review of Capital in the Twenty-First Century, by Thomas Piketty. Cambridge, Massachusetts, London, England: The Belknap Press of Harvard Press, 2014, 605 pages." Romanian Journal of Communication and Public Relations 17, no. 1 (April 1, 2015): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.21018/rjcpr.2015.1.154.
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<em><em></em></em><p>“Every now and then, the field of economics produces an important book; this is one of them” (Cowen, 2014). These are the opening words of Tyler Cowen’s presentation of Thomas Piketty’s work, “Capital in the Twenty-First Century” (Piketty, 2014), in Foreign Affairs. This is a book that is visibly placed in all important bookstores around the world, widely debated, acclaimed, sold (over 1 million copies have been sold so far). It has been favorably reviewed or quoted in all major journals. The assessment of “Capital in the Twenty-First Century” by Paul Krugman, Nobel Economics Prize Laureate as a “magnificent, sweeping meditation on inequality”, is highly relevant: “This is a book that will change both the way we think about society and the way we do economics” (Krugman, 2014). Finally, Piketty’s book is included in the list of the year’s best books by prestigious journals, such as The Economist, Financial Times, The Washington Post, Observer, The Independent, Daily Telegraph; Financial Times and McKinsey have hailed it as the best book of 2014.</p>
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Rothman, William. "In Pursuit of 'Pursuits of Happiness'." Conversations: The Journal of Cavellian Studies, no. 7 (June 19, 2019): 20–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18192/cjcs.vi7.4284.
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A year after the publication in 1969 of Must We Mean What We Say?, Stanley Cavell observes in the elegant Preface he wrote for the 2001 edition, the effect on him, as he put it, “of putting the book behind me, or perhaps I should say, of having it to stand behind, freed me for I suppose the most productive, or palpably so, nine months of my life, in which I recast the salvageable and necessary material of my Ph.D. dissertation as the opening three parts of what would become The Claim of Reason and completed small books on film (The World Viewed) and Thoreau (The Senses of Walden). I consider those small books to form a trio with Must We Mean What We Say?, different paths leading from the same desire for philosophy.” If those three books form a trio, I take the fourth part of The Claim of Reason, completed in 1978, and Pursuits of Happiness, which in 1978 he was already writing, to form a duo—not, I would say, different paths leading from the same desire for philosophy, but from the trio’s achievement of philosophy.
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Weinberg, Bella Hass. "The body of a reference work in relation to its index: an analysis of Wordsmanship." Indexer: The International Journal of Indexing: Volume 20, Issue 1 20, no. 1 (April 1, 1996): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/indexer.1996.20.1.11.
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In Wordsmanship: a dictionary, common terms are headwords, and their rarefied synonyms are index entries; there is a complex network of cross-references among the headwords, but no references in the index. The compiler of the dictionary observes that use of the index will become unnecessary as the reader becomes familiar with the reference work. In the context of a serious analysis of the structure of this humorous book, general aspects of the design of a reference work in relation to its index are considered. It is concluded that indexers should be consulted at the design stage of reference books, as they may suggest reversal of the primary entries and the index entries, refine the cross-reference structure, revise locator notation, and select appropriate typography.
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Uras, S., A. Poma, and P. Calledda. "Browsing through the Observing Books of Carloforte." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 178 (2000): 169–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100061303.
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The history of the Carloforte ILS Station is also the history of all the people who have spent part of their life working there. Table 1 shows the names of these people from the beginning of the service till its end.Running our eyes through the pages of the Carloforte ILS Station Observing books, we can read, beyond the cold figures that refer to the star transits, a lot of notes and comments that allow us to understand the high degree of humanity, scientific reliability and self-abnegation of the observers. Many of them, after their experience at Carloforte, had continued their activity as researchers in other fields of the Astronomy; just as an example, we may cite Bianchi, Volta, Martin, Righini, that respectively became Directors of the Astronomical Observatories of Brera, Turin, Trieste, Arcetri. We also may cite Camera, Cecchini, Nicolini, that played important roles in the Central Bureau of ILS when this one was awarded to Italy. A few on the list were just temporary observers, and their history outside of the Observatory remains unknown for us.
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Thériault, Barbara. "A Book, a Securitate File, and a Research Project. On Gossiping and Ethnography." Eurostudia 10, no. 1 (July 28, 2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1032439ar.
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Katherine Verdery’s latest book, an ethnography of the Archive of Romania’s Secret Police and the permission to copy and study a Securitate file, that of Iuliana, represents, for the author, the opportunity to write an unusual book review. Superposing the book and the file allows her to reflect on the work of secret police officers and that of ethnographers as well as questioning the practice of the sociological observer. As it turns out, the file adds a new dimension and an interpretation key to the book: beyond the importance of networks or social relationships as material secret police officers and ethnographers share, it discloses gossip as an empirical source and a recruitment technique. Centering on gossip helps the author in reformulating one of the book’s central arguments and delineating the contours of the “bourgeois,” a figure at the core of a new research project. The extreme character of the two cases at hand—material constituted toward a political end—sheds light on the relations ethnographers entertain to their informants as well as to dilemmas of research, which might otherwise remain unseen.
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Wahyudi, Chafid. "Pandangan Ibn ‘Arabî tentang al-Qur’an sebagai Penghimpun." MUTAWATIR 5, no. 1 (September 10, 2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.15642/mutawatir.2015.5.1.1-19.
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The leaders and observers disagree about sufism narated by Ibn ‘Arabî. Some parties considered him as a sufi who does not rely on the Koran, but others actually had put him always associated with the Koran. Although Ibn ‘Arabî considered not to rely on the Koran, he claimed that the knowledge gained is through the “opening” or “disclosure” (<em>fath</em><em>, kashf</em>) with respect to the actual meaning of the Koran. Ibn ‘Arabî wrote, We are not quoting the words of the philosopher at all, nor the words of others. What we argue in this book and all our other books are what is given through <em>Kashf</em> and dictated by <em>al-H</em><em>aqq</em>. Based on this claim, the authors try to lift the view of Ibn ‘Arabî on the Koran
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Hirshleifer, David, and Joshua B. Plotkin. "Moonshots, investment booms, and selection bias in the transmission of cultural traits." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 26 (June 25, 2021): e2015571118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2015571118.
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Biased information about the payoffs received by others can drive innovation, risk taking, and investment booms. We study this cultural phenomenon using a model based on two premises. The first is a tendency for large successes, and the actions that lead to them, to be more salient to onlookers than small successes or failures. The second premise is selection neglect—the failure of observers to adjust for biased observation. In our model, each firm in sequence chooses to adopt or to reject a project that has two possible payoffs, one positive and one negative. The probability of success is higher in the high state of the world than in the low state. Each firm observes the payoffs received by past adopters before making its decision, but there is a chance that an adopter’s outcome will be censored, especially if the payoff was negative. Failure to account for biased censorship causes firms to become overly optimistic, leading to irrational booms in adoption. Booms may eventually collapse, or may last forever. We describe these effects as a form of cultural evolution, with adoption or rejection viewed as traits transmitted between firms. Evolution here is driven not only by differential copying of successful traits, but also by cognitive reasoning about which traits are more likely to succeed—quantified using the Price Equation to decompose the effects of mutation pressure and evolutionary selection. This account provides an explanation for investment booms, merger and initial public offering waves, and waves of technological innovation.
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O'Sullivan, Emer. "Comparative Children's Literature." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 126, no. 1 (January 2011): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2011.126.1.189.
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The most striking change in children's culture, including children's literature, over the last few decades has been its commercialization and globalization (O'Sullivan, Comparative Children's Literature 149–52). The children's book industry in the United States, the leading market, is increasingly dominated by a handful of large media conglomerates whose publishing operations are small sections of their entertainment businesses. As a consequence, as Daniel Hade observes, “the mass marketplace selects which books will survive, and thus the children's book becomes less a cultural and intellectual object and more an entertainment looking for mass appeal” (511). The influence of these multimedia giants is immense: manufacturing mass-produced goods for children, they sell their products beyond the borders of individual countries, further changing and globalizing what were once regionally contained children's cultures. As a discipline that engages with phenomena that transcend cultural and linguistic borders and also with specific social, literary, and linguistic contexts, comparative children's literature is a natural site in which to tease out the implications of these recent developments.
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Rozhkova, Tatyana I. "The Plot About the Book and Reading in Satirical Magazines of 1769–1774." Tekst. Kniga. Knigoizdanie, no. 25 (2021): 100–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/23062061/25/6.
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The interest that modern human science shows in the Enlightenment as time still continues and has become one of the reasons to examine the periodicals of the 1760s and 1770s as part of its complex social and cultural process. Separating a specific cul-tural practice for analysis allowed concentrating on identifying some anthropological senses in cultural changes and some ways of coping with current conflicts. The author of the article observes how the magazines that are identified as satirical (Truten’, Zhivopisets, Vsyakaya Vsyachina, Adskaya Pochta, Smes’, and others) make a dialogue between the book and reading. The significance of this topic is the early discussion on the problem of educating the nobility that was held in the society. In the 1760s and 1770s, the topic became popular in a new way because of the ideas of Catherine the Great to educate people “of a new brand”. To solve the problem, the government started to reor-ganize educational institutions whose programs began to include secular science, books and art. However, home schooling remained closed for changes. There, medieval spiritual books still dominated because “aunties”-tutors (so-called “starushki”) were afraid of any cultural innovations. The well-known thesis that, in the second part of the century, the authority of medieval texts became weaker is proved by different magazine articles that were based on the daily experience and examinations of contemporaries who were the witnesses of the cultural changes and who had to choose what to read, where and how to teach their children. In publications of different genres, we can notice that the press con-tinued to value the book and reading as a good way to learn and educate. Besides, medie-val texts appeared to be something that favored superstitious views on the Universe. In the then contemporary satirical ideas, medieval books marked the changing generation of readers. Some examples of parents’ sanctimonious views on religious beliefs, disrespect towards governmental rules, cruel treatment of serfs degraded the value of reading medie-val books. On the contrary, positive heroes showed interest in the new secular knowledge and books, tried to become well-read and study foreign languages, to be capable of making a free choice. To bring up such a noble person was only possible if their parents were thoughtful to their children’s natural proclivity and to the choice of their tutors, and were sensitive to governmental changes. Generations that could stop reading Old Russian books were changing their reading habits. They became free in choosing books and in reading them critically. The trend to be well-read made reading more dynamic.
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J.G. Kaptein, Nico. "THE OBSERVER OBSERVED." Epistemé: Jurnal Pengembangan Ilmu Keislaman 16, no. 01 (January 19, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21274/epis.2021.16.01.1-14.
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In his seminal Islam Observed: Religious Developments in Morocco and Indonesia from 1968, the American anthropologist Clifford Geertz (1926-2006) placed the comparative study of Muslim societies on the research agenda. In view of my knowledge on the history of Islam in Indonesia, it stroke me that the political dimension of religion did not take an important place in the book. This is the more remarkable because during Geertz’s fieldwork in Java in 1953-4 manifestations of political Islam regularly popped up, and Geertz did not only notice those, but also recorded them in his book The Religion of Java from 1960. In this paper I will go into the question of why Geertz did not give a more prominent place to political Islam in his analysis of Muslim cultures, and what concepts of both Islam and religion he used.
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J.G. Kaptein, Nico. "THE OBSERVER OBSERVED." Epistemé: Jurnal Pengembangan Ilmu Keislaman 16, no. 01 (January 19, 2021): 00. http://dx.doi.org/10.21274/epis.0.0.00.00-00.
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In his seminal Islam Observed: Religious Developments in Morocco and Indonesia from 1968, the American anthropologist Clifford Geertz (1926-2006) placed the comparative study of Muslim societies on the research agenda. In view of my knowledge on the history of Islam in Indonesia, it stroke me that the political dimension of religion did not take an important place in the book. This is the more remarkable because during Geertz’s fieldwork in Java in 1953-4 manifestations of political Islam regularly popped up, and Geertz did not only notice those, but also recorded them in his book The Religion of Java from 1960. In this paper I will go into the question of why Geertz did not give a more prominent place to political Islam in his analysis of Muslim cultures, and what concepts of both Islam and religion he used.
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Horner, Bridget. "Book review: Standing Items: critical pedagogies in South African art, design and architecture, edited by Brenden Gray, Shashi Cullinan Cook, Tariq Toffa and Amie Soudien." Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in the South 4, no. 2 (September 28, 2020): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.36615/sotls.v4i2.151.
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In this review of Standing Items: critical pedagogies in South African art, design and architecture, edited by Brenden Gray, Shashi Cullinan Cook, Tariq Toffa and Amie Soudien, book reviewer Bridget Horner observes that for the scholarship of teaching and learning this book could serve as a source of possible teaching methods within the arts; however, this would negate policymakers, management of institutions, educators, discipline professionals and artists from viewing this book’s real potential, which is identifying and explaining the challenges faced within higher education, as well as opportunities for change – through critical pedagogy– in a country that still holds unaddressed ‘standing items’ related to its colonial and apartheid past within the present neoliberal agenda.
Keywords: Critical pedagogies, South Africa, Book review, Art design and architectureHow to cite this article:Horner, B. 2020. Book review: Standing Items: critical pedagogies in South African art, design and architecture, edited by Brenden Gray, Shashi Cullinan Cook, Tariq Toffa and Amie Soudien. Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in the South. 4(2): 239-243. https://doi.org/10.36615/sotls.v4i2.151.This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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Bullock, Katherine. "Development, Change, and Gender in Cairo." American Journal of Islam and Society 15, no. 2 (July 1, 1998): 127–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v15i2.2185.
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Since the late 1980s, the literature on women living in the Middle East hasshown an uneven but progressive sophistication in its approach. The view ofbackward, oppressed, submissive women is gradually being replaced by anunderstanding that women in the Middle East, like women anywhere, are "rational"actors, fully cognizant of their environment and situations. Books such asEveryday Life in the Muslim Middle East,1 and Muslim Women's Choices:Religious Belief and Social Reality2 are examples of this welcome ttend.Development, Change, and Gender in Cairo: A View from the Household, editedby Diane Singerman and Homa Hoodfar, is a fine contribution lo this newgenre. The essays in this book not only show that Cairene women are intelligentand comprehending observers of Egyptian society, but that they are also activeparticipants in their society-acting upon it, as well as being acted upon. Wewould hardly need a scholarly book lo tell us this, if it were not for the sttengthand prevalence of the negative stereotype of the "oppressed/silenced/submissiveMuslim woman," contributed lo in no small measure by previous scholarlybooks!Development, Change, and Gender in Cairo: A View from the Householdcontains seven essays detailing various aspects of low-income Cairene women'slives, plus an introduction by the editors which sets the more focused empiricalessays into broader theoretical context The volume is an interdisciplinary work,with contributions from sociologists, anthropologists, communications special ...
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Ravallion, Martin. "Inequality and Globalization: A Review Essay." Journal of Economic Literature 56, no. 2 (June 1, 2018): 620–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.20171419.
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As normally measured, “global inequality” is the relative inequality of incomes found among all people in the world no matter where they live. Francois Bourguignon and Branko Milanovic have written insightful and timely books on global inequality, emphasizing the role of globalization. The books are complementary: Milanovic provides an ambitious broad-brush picture, with some intriguing hypotheses on the processes at work; Bourguignon provides a deep and suitably qualified economic analysis. This paper questions the thesis of both books—that globalization has been a major driving force of inequality between or within countries. The paper also questions the robustness of the evidence for declining global inequality, and notes some conceptual limitations of standard measures in capturing the concerns of many observers in the ongoing debates about globalization and the policy responses. ( JEL D31, D63, E25, F61, F63)
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Robbins, Bruce. "PRESENTISM, PASTISM, PROFESSIONALISM." Victorian Literature and Culture 27, no. 2 (September 1999): 457–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150399272063.
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IT SHOULD COME AS NO SURPRISE, and probably doesn’t, that cultural studies and Victorian studies have much in common. As George Levine observes in his overview of the earlier field over the past quarter century, “the founding of [the journal] Victorian Studies, in 1957 . . . was almost exactly contemporary with the publication of Raymond Williams’s Culture and Society, one of the most influential books of the last half century” (136).1 Williams’s book was equally influential, indeed something of a founding text, both for Victorian studies and for cultural studies. And this makes sense. Williams’s tough-minded but generous salvaging of the romantic anti-capitalist tradition from Burke through Arnold and all the way to Orwell, which did so much to reinvent Victorian studies for the left, might also be seen as an argument for the necessity of cultural studies, which went on to integrate the tradition of romantic anti-capitalism into its pluralized, anthropological view of culture and to extend it into the present.
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Lowe, Virginia. "“The books we’ve had forever”: The Parent-Observer Diary." Bookbird: A Journal of International Children's Literature 51, no. 2 (2013): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bkb.2013.0028.
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Trubuhovich, R. V. "Some prehistory of New Zealand intensive care medicine." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 37, no. 1_suppl (July 2009): 16–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x090370s105.
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In taking 1960 as the foundation year for the practice of intensive care medicine in New Zealand, this paper briefly looks into the previous two centuries for some interventions in life-threatening conditions. With the help of descriptions in early 19th century journals and books by perceptive observers, the author focuses on some beliefs and practices of the Maori people during pre-European and later times, as well as aspects of medical treatment in New Zealand for early settlers and their descendants. Dr Laurie Gluckman's book Tangiwai has proved a valuable resource for New Zealand's medical history prior to 1860, while the recent publication of his findings from the examination of coroners’ records for Auckland, 1841 to 1864, has been helpful. Drowning is highlighted as a common cause of accidental death, and consideration is given to alcohol as a factor. Following the 1893 foundation of the New Zealand Medical Journal, a limited number of its papers which are historically relevant to today's intensive care are explored: topics include tetanus, laryngeal diphtheria, direct cardiac massage, traumatic shock, thiopentone management for fitting and the ventilatory failure due to poliomyelitis.
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DROMI, ESTHER, and ANAT ZAIDMAN-ZAIT. "Interrelations between communicative behaviors at the outset of speech: parents as observers." Journal of Child Language 38, no. 1 (January 25, 2010): 101–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000909990158.
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ABSTRACTThe Hebrew Parent Questionnaire for Communication and Early Language (HPQ-CEL) was administered by 154 parents of Hebrew-speaking toddlers aged 1 ; 0 to 1 ; 3 (77 boys, 77 girls). The Questionnaire guided parents in observing and rating their toddlers in six contexts at home. The study aimed to identify inter-correlations between toddlers' non-linguistic behaviors that co-occur during the transition to speech. Seven communicative behaviors were extracted from the questionnaire data: Crying, Vocalizations, Collaboration with Adults, Pointing, Words, Joint Engagement in a Peek-a-Boo Game, and Triadic Interaction in Book Reading. Collaboration with Adults and Triadic Interaction in Book Reading yielded more significant correlations than other prelinguistic behaviors. Participation in social games and book-reading activities was associated with the toddlers' number of words at the period studied.
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Martins, Milena Ribeiro. "O livro brasileiro nos anos 1920: aspectos gráficos e atuação dos escritores / The Brazilian Book in the 1920’s: Graphic Aspects and Writers’ Performance." O Eixo e a Roda: Revista de Literatura Brasileira 29, no. 1 (March 30, 2020): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/2358-9787.29.1.218-236.
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Resumo: Este artigo analisa textos e paratextos da literatura brasileira da década de 1920 a fim de caracterizá-la como um momento de transformações determinantes para a história do livro brasileiro. Observa-se no período um processo de nacionalização da produção livreira, em consonância com uma progressiva nacionalização da linguagem e dos temas. Com o crescimento significativo do número de editores brasileiros atuando na publicação de literatura, tornaram-se mais estreitos os vínculos entre diferentes agentes do processo de produção, venda e recepção de livros, propiciando, como consequência, formas novas de profissionalização dos intelectuais. Casos como o dos escritores-editores Benjamin Costallat e Monteiro Lobato são apresentados e analisados, de forma a tornar mais compreensíveis algumas das ações colocadas em prática por eles. Para que tal análise seja possível, é necessário atentar para elementos paratextuais (prefácios, epígrafes, capas) presentes em edições antigas dos livros estudados, além de documentos pessoais. Dentre os livros mencionados, estão Urupês (1918), de Lobato; Histórias e sonhos (1920), de Lima Barreto; Fim (1921), de Medeiros e Albuquerque; Mademoiselle Cinema (1923), de Costallat; e Amar, Verbo intransitivo (1927), de Mário de Andrade. A atividade editorial é aqui compreendida como uma ação essencialmente plural, que envolve diversos agentes, dentre os quais os próprios escritores, que estão incluídos entre os responsáveis não apenas pelo texto, mas também por aspectos da materialidade dos livros. O sistema literário brasileiro conquistava sua independência e maturidade, ao passo que, por meio de dispositivos textuais e editoriais, formava-se um novo tipo de leitor.Palavras-chave: história do livro; modernismo; editores.Abstract: This article analyzes texts and paratexts of the Brazilian literature of the 1920s, in order to characterize it as a moment of decisive transformations in the history of the Brazilian book. In the period, one observes a process of nationalization of book production, in line with a progressive nationalization of language and themes. With the significant increase in the number of Brazilian publishers working in the publication of literature, the links between different agents of the process of production, sale and reception of books have become closer, consequently providing new forms of professionalization of intellectuals. Cases such as the ones of Benjamin Costallat and Monteiro Lobato are presented and analyzed in order to make more understandable their actions as writers-publishers. For such an analysis to be possible, it is necessary to pay attention to paratextual elements (prefaces, epigraphs, covers) present in old editions of the studied books, as well as personal documents. Among the books mentioned are Urupês (1918), by Lobato; Histórias e Sonhos (1920), by Lima Barreto; Fim (1921), by Medeiros and Albuquerque; Mademoiselle Cinema (1923), by Benjamin Costallat; and Amar verbo intransitivo (1927), by Mário de Andrade. Publishing activity is understood as an essentially plural action, involving several agents responsible not only for texts, but also for aspects of the materiality of the books. The Brazilian literary system gained its independence and maturity, whereas, through textual and editorial devices, a new type of reader was formed.Keywords: book history; modernism; publishers.
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Markov, Alexander. "Why Poetry Matters beyond Figures." Sotsiologicheskoe Obozrenie / Russian Sociological Review 18, no. 3 (2019): 359–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1728-192x-2019-3-359-363.
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Goldstein, Steven M. "At Cross Purposes: US–Taiwan Relations Since 1942. By Richard C. Bush. [Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 2004. xii +287 pp. $27.95. ISBN 0-7656-1372-7.] Beyond Tiananmen: The Politics of US–China Relations, 1989–2000. By Robert L. Suettinger. [Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution, 2003. xii +556 pp. £29.95, $39.95. ISBN 0-8157-8206-3.]." China Quarterly 180 (December 2004): 1089–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741004210761.
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These are two very fine books written by individuals who were deeply involved in the making of American policy towards China in the 1990s. From 1997 to 2002, Richard C. Bush served as chairman and managing director of the American Institute in Taiwan (AIT), the semi-official body created in 1979 by the Taiwan Relations Act (TRA) to manage relations with the island in the wake of normalization of relations with the People's Republic of China (PRC). In 1994, Robert Suettinger, a career intelligence officer, joined the staff of the National Security Council at the White House as director of Asian Affairs; a position that he held until he moved to the National Intelligence Council in 1997 (coincidentally, as Richard Bush's replacement).Neither volume is, strictly speaking, a memoir. Bush does draw on his personal experience as a congressional aide during the 1980s and early 1990s and much less so on his years with the AIT. However, the bulk of his study constitutes superbly researched discussions of what he considers to be “relatively unstudied issues” related to the historical evolution of relations between the United States, Taiwan and the People's Republic of China. Suettinger, on the other hand, provides a memoir-like narrative of the years he was in the White House, but relies largely on research, interviews with major participants in the policy process, and his own insights for the remainder of the book. However, although neither author adopts a strictly participant-observer approach, both are clearly drawing on the knowledge acquired during extensive government service to make judgments on the complex issues they address, and it is this wisdom which makes these books essential reading.
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GUSTAVSON, ANDREA. "From “Observer to Activist”: Documentary Memory, Oral History, and Studs Terkel's “Essence” Narratives." Journal of American Studies 46, no. 1 (October 27, 2010): 103–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002187581000174x.
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Over several decades of interviewing people and crafting their words into published works, Studs Terkel defined, expanded, and challenged the field of oral history. Terkel often described his methods as similar to those of a “prospector for gold” sifting through the statements of his subjects to create essays that reveal each person's “essence.” Drawing on his planning documents, interview transcripts, manuscripts and published texts, I trace Terkel's approach to oral history through two of his best-known works – Hard Times and “The Good War” – and through three stages: his planning and performance of interviews, his editing of the individual transcripts, and his construction of the completed text. I conclude by considering the implications of Terkel's unconventional approach to oral history and the ways in which his methodology may reflect his long history of involvement with progressive political movements. Terkel crafted his subject's narratives into texts I term “documentary memory”; he insisted that his works are subjective “memory books” but also employed a documentary rhetoric of objectivity. Terkel believed telling stories of the past to be a form of social action and he used his texts about the past to comment politically on his present – his “memory books” document earlier periods in American history relevant to the cultural moment in which he published.
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Salaita, Steven. "The Arab Americans." American Journal of Islam and Society 24, no. 2 (April 1, 2007): 107–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v24i2.1548.
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Since 9/11, Arab Americans have been the subject of much discussion inboth popular and scholarly forums. Books on the suddenly visible Arab-American community have been published recently or are forthcoming, andcourses dealing with Arab Americans are gradually entering university curricula.This interest is cross-disciplinary, having become evident in numeroushumanities and social science fields.Yet this interest is bound largely to the political marketplace of ideas, foran emergent Arab-American studies existed well before 9/11 and had been onthe brink of increased visibility on the eve of 9/11. It took 9/11, however, forthis body of scholarship to generate broad attention. In addition, 9/11 alteredthe trajectories that had already been established, though not as dramaticallyas an unaffiliated observer might believe. Gregory Orfalea was among thegroup of scholars and artists who were assessing Arab America before 9/11through his work as a writer and editor. Orfalea continues his contribution tothat project with his latest book, The Arab Americans: A History, a voluminoustext that mixes exposition, commentary, and analysis.The author’s cross-disciplinary book will be of interest to students andscholars in the humanities and the social sciences, for it contains elements ofhistoriography, sociology, literary criticism, memoir, and anthropology. Theintroduction and first chapter recount a trip he took as a young man in 1972with his jaddu (grandfather) to Arbeen, Syria, his grandfather’s hometown.Subsequent chapters explore a number of sociocultural and political issuesof interest to the Arab-American community, including the politics of theArab world, activism (historical and contemporary) in Arab America, therelationship between Arab Americans and the American government at boththe local and federal levels, religious traditions in Arab America, and theinstability and diversity of Arab-American identity ...
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Imanaliyeva, S. S. "THE ROLE OF PERSONALLY ACTIVE APPROACH IN FUTURE TEACHERS’ FOREIGN LANGUAGE PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE FORMATION." BULLETIN Series of Pedagogical Sciences 66, no. 2 (August 6, 2020): 240–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2020-2.1728-5496.40.
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This article aims to identify the definition and the role of personally active approachin future teacher’s foreign language professional competence. Initially, it observes the relevance of the issue of foreign language education and new paradigm in education system globally and in Kazakhstan. Also, the author analyzes different scholars’ opinions about a professionally competent foreign language teacher and his characteristics, supporting it with state and international educational documents. The article also observes the definitions of personally active approach and its usage in education. Furthermore, the article deals with arguments proving the role of personally active approach in future teachers’ foreign language professional competence formation. Analyzing the data from various scientific papers, articles and books, state and international educational standards, the author makes a conclusion in the end of the article.
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Stam, Deirdre C. "Tracking art historians: on information needs and information-seeking behaviour." Art Libraries Journal 14, no. 3 (1989): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307472200006349.
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The information-gathering activities of art historians have been studied from three different perspectives: in terms of the books they use; through their own accounts of their working processes; and by informal, systematic observation, written up as ‘user studies’, by art librarians. While observation implies objectivity, a distance between observer and observed, in practice art librarians are very much involved with the art historian in the work of art history and in the development of its methodologies.
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Mansfield, Edward D. "International Institutions and Economic Sanctions." World Politics 47, no. 4 (July 1995): 575–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043887100015227.
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Economic sanctions have long occupied the attention of both scholars and policy makers. Despite the widespread use of sanctions, many observers have concluded that the inherent problems associated with imposing sanctions involving multiple senders substantially limit their effectiveness. This article reviews two books that analyze the factors that influence cooperation among senders of multilateral sanctions. These books indicate that international institutions can do much to promote cooperation of this sort. However, this essay argues that the extent to which international institutions facilitate cooperation among senders of sanctions is likely to depend on the domestic politics of members, the type of institution being used for this purpose, the nature of the strategy being pursued, and the distribution of power among members. Although these books make significant contributions to our understanding of the factors that promote cooperation among senders of multilateral sanctions, they examine the factors that promote the effectiveness of sanctions in only a peripheral manner. One potential influence on the effectiveness of sanctions that are organized by an international institution, however, is the likelihood that the institution will be captured by member states or by interest groups within them. Additional research that investigates the conditions under which international institutions are likely to be captured and the implications of institutional capture for their performance may therefore prove useful to scholars of international relations and economic statecraft.
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Pavlov, Alexander. "The Future as a Subject of Social Theory." Sotsiologicheskoe Obozrenie / Russian Sociological Review 18, no. 3 (2019): 328–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1728-192x-2019-3-328-344.
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The subject of this article is a critical analysis of the “concept of the future” as proposed by the British social theorist, John Urry (1946–2016). The author briefly examines the intellectual legacy of the sociologist and his contribution to the creation of a new social theory, pointing out that Urry’s books that were translated into Russian do not fully represent his scientific work, but reflect the later period of his research activity. What is the Future?was the sociologist’s last book and was published the same year he died: we can consider it as a kind of last will. This testament, however, reflects many aspects of the writings of the last sixteen years of Urry’s life. As Urry observes, he challenges the social sciences with his book because the social sciences are still not concerned the future as a subject of research, giving it to the mercy of futurology. This article gives an answer to the question of whether we can actually consider Urry’s book as such a challenge. The author argues that some kind of theoretical weakness is inherent in Urry’s concept. Thus, the sociologist calls for the theory of complex developing systems to help to analyze the future, but the conclusions he comes to do not have any heuristic value. However, as the author of the article notes, Urry’s book is valuable not as a theory, but as an attempt to talk about the future from the perspective of social philosophy and its focus on practice. On one hand, the sociologist uses rich empirical material when talking about utopias and dystopias such as fiction, cinema, publicistics, and reports of various organizations, as examples. On the other hand, when discussing such problems as 3D-printing, urban spaces without cars, climate change, dystopias, and so forth, Urry uses the method of scenarios in offering four scenarios for each phenomenon considered. These scenarios by themselves already allow us to imagine what the future might look like. The final chapter of the book is dedicated to a “low-carbon civil society” and the conceptualization of responsible-to-nature “natural capitalism.” The author of the article puts a special emphasis on this, considering that this concept should be supplemented by other ideas about the newest — digital — capitalism. Finally, the article considers the question of the relationship of Urry’s social theory with the theory of postmodernism.
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Witcher, Robert. "New Book Chronicle." Antiquity 91, no. 358 (August 2017): 1121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15184/aqy.2017.129.
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Reflecting on his motivations for writing a history of tomorrow, Yuval Noah Harari (2017: 68) observes that: “historians are asked to examine the actions of our ancestors so that we can repeat their wise decisions and avoid their mistakes. But it almost never works like that because the present is just too different from the past”. What then would Harari make of the new archaeology books reviewed in this instalment of NBC, concerned as they are with the present day and the future as much as they are with the past?
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Nasim, Omar W. "Extending the Gaze: The Temporality of Astronomical Paperwork." Science in Context 26, no. 2 (April 30, 2013): 247–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269889713000057.
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ArgumentKeeping records has always been an essential part of science. Aside from natural history and the laboratory sciences, no other observational science reflects this activity of record-keeping better than astronomy. Central to this activity, historically speaking, are tools so mundane and common that they are easily overlooked; namely, the notebook and the pencil. One obvious function of these tools is clearly a mnemonic one. However, there are other relevant functions of paperwork that often go unnoticed. Among these, I argue, is the strategic use made of different procedures of record keeping to prolong observational time with a target object. Highlighting this function will help us to appreciate the supporting role played by the notebook and the pencil to extend the observational time spent with a target object. With objects as delicate, faint, and mysterious as the nebulae, the procedures used to record their observations helped nineteenth-century observers overcome the temporal handicaps and limitations of large and clumsy telescopes, mounted in the altazimuth manner. To demonstrate the importance of paper and pencil, I will closely examine the observing books, the drawings found therein, and the telescopes of three nineteenth-century observers of the nebulae: Sir John F. W. Herschel, Lord Rosse, and William Lassell.
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Sands, Kathleen R. "Word and Sign in Elizabethan Conflicts with the Devil." Albion 31, no. 2 (1999): 238–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0095139000062724.
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Gloriana, Britomart, Astraea, Belphoebe, the Sun in Splendor, England’s Moses, the new Deborah, the Phoenix—Elizabeth I possessed a generous wardrobe of public personas. Monarchy, chastity, divinity, and other intangibles played in the early modern mind as images, personifications, embodiments—the invisible rendered visible. As Clifford Geertz has observed, the Elizabethan imagination was “allegorical, Protestant, didactic, and pictorial; it lived on moral abstractions cast into emblems.” These emblems were culturally ubiquitous, appearing in books and broadsides, painted and carved portraits, architecture, tapestry, jewelry and clothing, armor and weapons, monumental funerary sculpture, wall and ceiling decoration. University students neglected Aristotle in favor of fashionable continental emblem books, and the taste for embellishing houses with emblems extended from the monarchy and aristocracy to the landed gentry and the rising middle class. Peter Daly stresses the psychological impact of emblems on the early modern mind when he observes that emblems were “as immediately and graphically present in this period as illustrated advertising is today.”
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Sonn, Tamara. "Mumtaz Ahmad." American Journal of Islam and Society 33, no. 3 (July 1, 2016): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v33i3.919.
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Wise, kind, humorous, humble, profoundly honorable and dignified– these are just some of the words that describe our beloved MumtazAhmad, whose passing we mourn. A great scholar, mentor, friend,and family man, he will be missed by the countless people whoselives he influenced. I feel honored to count myself among them.With degrees in economics, Islamic studies, and developmentadministration, and a Ph.D. in political science from the Universityof Chicago, Ahmad published eight books. His most recent is Observingthe Observer: The State of Islamic Studies in American Universities(Herndon, VA: International Institute of Islamic Thought,2012). Bringing together a stellar array of scholars, this book is particularlyprescient in stressing the importance of the responsiblestudy of Islam in a country whose policies so deeply impact Muslims.He also published dozens of articles and chapters, and deliveredhundreds of lectures throughout his native Pakistan and NorthAmerica, as well as Europe, the Middle East, Africa, South andSoutheast Asia.He served as president of the Association of Muslim Social Scientistsas well as the South Asian Muslims Studies Association. Inaddition, he served on numerous editorial boards, was editor of Studiesin Contemporary Islam, and associate editor of the AmericanJournal of Islamic Social Sciences and the East-West Review. Hiswork was supported by grants from the Fulbright Foundation, theFord Foundation, the Pew Charitable Trust, the Center for Strategicand International Studies, the United States Institute of Peace, theNational Bureau of Asian Research, and the Brookings Institution,among others ...
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Akhtar, Naeem. "C. H. Hanumantha Rao and Hans Linnemann (eds). Economic Reforms and Poverty Alleviation in India. New Delhi: Sage Publications, 1996. 271 pages. Hardbound, Indian Rs 350.00; paperback, Indian Rs 195.00." Pakistan Development Review 36, no. 3 (September 1, 1997): 300–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v36i3pp.300-303.
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The book under review is an edited collection of eight papers presented at a seminar on “Structural Adjustment and Poverty in India: Policy and Research Issues”, and is Volume 17 in the Indo-Dutch studies on Development Alternatives. The book evaluates the impact of economic reforms on poverty alleviation in India. In the “Introduction”, the editors describe the main theme of the book and propose some policy measures for poverty alleviation in the light of the findings of the papers included in the book. The paper, “Structural Adjustment in India—What about Poverty Alleviation?”, by Pieter A. van Stuijvenberg, evaluates the impact of India’s Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP) on the poor and suggests some policy corrections to mitigate the adverse effects of this adjustment on the poor. He observes an improvement in the balance-of-payments position and foreign exchange reserves without a simultaneous fall in gross domestic product under the SAP. His major concerns are the large size and composition of fiscal deficits (dominated by revenue deficits). The large size of fiscal deficits, according to van Stuijvenberg, drive up real interest rates and endanger investment-led growth. He observes that social indicators of the social safety net, employment, and rural development programmes have not improved much due to expenditure cuts on rural infrastructural investments. He suggests a reduction in the size and composition of the public sector, elimination of all explicit and implicit subsidies, and discouraging rent-seeking behaviour for a successful implementation of economic reforms.
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Zada, Khamami. "Wajah Penerbitan Islam di Indonesia Radikal." JURNAL INDO-ISLAMIKA 1, no. 1 (July 20, 2011): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/idi.v1i1.1482.
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This paper discusses the radical façade of Islam demonstrated in number of media including articles, books and others in Indonesia. How Islam teaches to protect and apply its doctrines understood by some Indonesian Muslim activists and scholars representing some organizations is presented in this paper. It observes the continuity of the attempt of spreading quite radical Islamic doctrines by some publishers in the period of colonialization and that of independence. It argues that such the attempt has been influenced by the social and political changes, and led to actualize jihad notion as glorified by a number of Muslim countries in the words
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Grossoehme, Daniel H. "Prayer Reveals Belief: Images of God from Hospital Prayers." Journal of Pastoral Care 50, no. 1 (March 1996): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002234099605000104.
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Observes that prayers are the words of God's people spoken to God. They are also words which people speak about God. Examines a sample of prayers written by patients or family members in an open format book in a hospital chapel for what is revealed about the writers' beliefs about God.
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Rajapakshe, R. D. P. Sampath. "Building Goodwill through Soft Power: An Analysis of China’s Reputation in Sri Lanka." Journal of Politics and Law 9, no. 1 (February 28, 2016): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jpl.v9n1p48.
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Many researchers find out that impacted the types of Chinese foreign policy starting in the mid-1990s. However, Chinese foreign policymakers presented "New Grand Strategy" for the 21st century in the mid-1990s. This strategy exceptionally intended to advance and keep up China's image in the abroad. On the other hand, Policy observers contend introducing of the South Asian region that deliberately essential to emerging China. In addition, Chinese vicinity in Sri Lanka that verbalized by policy observers numerous ways. These contentions express that China's soft power in Sri Lanka that ought to be an extraordinary choice in Chinese policy arrangement. This article investigates current appearance of China's goodwill agenda inspecting two strains of Chinese policy in Sri Lanka that breaking point to observe foreign aid and the Confucius institute that lead the Peoples' Republic of China in 2000s. The paper additionally assesses the achievement of this alleged soft power crusade in Sri Lanka utilizing a worldwide overview to figure out whether the new introduction associates with changed Sri Lankan conclusions about China. This article assesses the adequacy of these endeavors by breaking down public opinion survey accumulated by the Gallup surveying in 2011. Information utilized for this article has been gathered from a substantial number of books, periodicals, magazines, journals. My findings demonstrate that the goodwill agenda has been fruitful at enhancing China's reputation in Sri Lanka.
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Amjad, Rashid. "Shankar Acharya and Rakesh Mohan (eds.) India’s Economy—Performance and Challenges: Essays in Honour of Montek Singh Ahluwalia. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2010. xv+465 pages." Pakistan Development Review 49, no. 2 (June 1, 2010): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v49i2pp.153-158.
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This volume comprises a compilation of essays written by distinguished Indian economists, and international economists and observers on India, in honour of Montek Singh Ahluwalia, an eminent economist and currently Deputy Chairman, Planning Commission, widely recognised as one of the main architects and drivers of the economic reform process. In a very well-written Introduction to this festschrift, capturing the essence of the contributions to the volume and weaving them into an excellent overview, Shankar Acharya and Rakesh Mohan state, “Indeed the story of India’s economic policies over the past three decades could easily be woven around Montek’s career as the pre-eminent government economist through most of this time”. This role is earlier acknowledged in the foreword to the volume by the current Indian Prime Minister, Manmohan Singh, the initiator of the overall reform process as Finance Minister from 1991-96, when Montek (as he is popularly known) worked under him in important positions. This recognition also finds strong support amongst the authors, who were close associates of Montek in policy-making, as they recount the role he played in both shaping and driving the economic policy reform agenda. How a small but well-knit team of economists, most of whom had earlier worked in the World Bank or the IMF, could actually achieve this in a country as large and complex as India would baffle any observer. While the book provides no explicit answer, the reform process appears to have initially found favour in response to the economic crisis in 1991. The process then gained momentum as the reforms showed measurable success, and this helped win over the trust and confidence of the political ruling élite.
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Asriady, Muhammad. "METODE PEMAHAMAN HADIS." Ekspose: Jurnal Penelitian Hukum dan Pendidikan 16, no. 1 (April 13, 2019): 314. http://dx.doi.org/10.30863/ekspose.v16i1.94.
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understanding of hadith method is the way to understand the hadith. The book entitled Methodology of Understanding Hadiths written by Arifuddin Ahmad was developed into several techniques, such as textual interpretation techniques, contextual interpretations, and intertextual interpretations. In this study, the writer used library research methodology. The development of hadith from time to time is very fast, so in understanding the hadith there were various methods. Researchers and observers must understand the methodology so that the diverse views on Islam can be understood in depth, it can bringing the people to the Rahmatan Lil Alamin
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Connelly, John. "Resisting the Third Reich: The Catholic Clergy in Hitler's Berlin." Central European History 39, no. 1 (March 2006): 155–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938906320067.
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This absorbing and well-researched book presents the story of Berlin's Catholic Church during the Nazi era from the perspective of a deeply committed believer. Professor Kevin Spicer is also Father Kevin Spicer. As such, it offers critics a chance to test their arguments against a serious voice from within the Church. But it also affords more neutral observers a chance to ponder the assumptions behind debates on the churches in the Third Reich, in particular, what acts can be considered oppositional and what drove certain religious believers into resistance.