Relevant bibliographies by topics / Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders (OCD)

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Academic literature on the topic 'Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders (OCD)'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders (OCD)"

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Fineberg, Naomi A., Punita Sharma, Thanusha Sivakumaran, Barbara Sahakian, and Sam Chamberlain. "Does Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder Belong Within the Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum?" CNS Spectrums 12, no. 6 (June 2007): 467–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900015340.

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ABSTRACTIt has been proposed that certainDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth EditionAxis I disorders share overlapping clinical features, genetic contributions, and treatment response and fall within an “obsessive-compulsive” spectrum. Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) resembles obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and other spectrum disorders in terms of phenomenology, comorbidity, neurocognition, and treatment response.This article critically examines the nosological profile of OCPD with special reference to OCD and related disorders. By viewing OCPD as a candidate member of the obsessive-compulsive spectrum, we gain a fresh approach to understanding its neurobiology, etiology, and potential treatments.
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Hollander, Eric, Suah Kim, Sumant Khanna, and Stefano Pallanti. "Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders: Diagnostic and Dimensional Issues." CNS Spectrums 12, S3 (February 2007): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900002467.

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AbstractAlthough obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is classified as an anxiety disorder in the DSM-IV, recent considerations for a reclassification into an obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders (OCSDs) cluster are gaining prominence. Similarities in symptomatology, course of illness, patient population, and neurocircuitry of OCD and OCSD are supported by comorbidity, family, and neurological studies, which also offer a critical re-evaluation of the relationship between OCD and anxiety disorders. This review examines potential classifications of OCD among the wider spectrum of affective disorders and at the interface between affective disorders and addiction. In addition, it has been suggested that the categorical diagnostic approach would be enhanced by an additional dimensional approach, including parameters such as stability of mood and ability to sustain attention. With further studies, it is ultimately the goal to define OCD and related disorders based on endophenotypes.Despite efforts in this field, there are several fundamental unresolved issues, including the question of which disorders should be grouped together in this category and which characteristics to include as their shared common features. A reclassification of OCD among the OCSDs would allow for better scrutiny of distinct obsessive-compulsive symptoms, as currently this disorder often goes undetected in patients who complain of a broad symptom of anxiety. Advantages and disadvantages of establishing OCSDs and its implications for diagnosis, treatment, and research are discussed.
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Fineberg, Naomi A., Sanjaya Saxena, Joseph Zohar, and Kevin J. Craig. "Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Boundary Issues." CNS Spectrums 12, no. 5 (May 2007): 359–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900021167.

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ABSTRACTThe boundaries between obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and other neuropsychiatric disorders remain unresolved and may well differ from one disorder to another. Endophenotypes are heritable, quantitative traits hypothesized to more closely represent genetic risk for complex polygenic mental disorders than overt symptoms and behaviors. They may have a role in identifying how closely these disorders are associated with another and with other mental disorders with which they share major comorbidity. This review maps the nosological relationships of OCD to other neuropsychiatric disorders, using OCD as the prototype disorder and endophenotype markers, such as cognitive, imaging, and molecular data as well as results from demographic, comorbidity, family, and treatment studies. Despite high comorbidity rates, emerging evidence suggests substantial endophenotypic differences between OCD and anxiety disorders, depression, schizophrenia, and addictions, though comparative data is lacking and the picture is far from clear. On the other hand, strong relationships between OCD, Tourette syndrome, body dysmorphic disorder, hypochondriasis, grooming disorders, obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, and pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcus are likely. Studies designed to delineate the cause, consequences, and common factors are a challenging but essential goal for future research in this area.
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Ramalho e Silva, F., C. Branco, and A. E. Ribeiro. "Revisiting the Obsessive-compulsive Spectrum." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (January 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70772-2.

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In the DSM IV-TR, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is categorized as an anxiety disorder. A wide range of psychiatric and medical disorders, not included in this category, has been hypothesized to be related to OCD and to form a family of disorders known as obsessive compulsive spectrum disorders (OCSD). OCSD would include several clinically heterogeneous disorders such as Body Dysmorphic Disorder, Tourette's Syndrome or Pathological Gambling. This construct is based on disorders’ similarities with OCD in a variety of domains such as phenomenology, comorbidity, neurotransmitter or peptide systems, neurocircuitry, family history, genetic factors and treatment response. This presentation provides an overview of the existing literature regarding the concept of the OCD spectrum and the relationships between the disorders included in OCSD. Although there are data supporting the inclusion of some disorders in the OC spectrum, more research is needed to clarify the relationships and the boundaries between these disorders. Ultimately, a better understanding of OC spectrum may have significant implications for clinical practice.
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Gordon, Olivia M., Paul M. Salkovskis, and Victoria Bream. "The Impact of Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder on Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 44, no. 4 (October 13, 2015): 444–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465815000582.

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Background: It is often suggested that, in general, co-morbid personality disorders are likely to interfere with CBT based treatment of Axis I disorders, given that personality disorders are regarded as dispositional and are therefore considered less amenable to change than axis I psychiatric disorders. Aims: The present study aimed to investigate the impact of co-occurring obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) on cognitive-behavioural treatment for OCD. Method: 92 individuals with a diagnosis of OCD participated in this study. Data were drawn from measures taken at initial assessment and following cognitive-behavioural treatment at a specialist treatment centre for anxiety disorders. Results: At assessment, participants with OCD and OCPD had greater overall OCD symptom severity, as well as doubting, ordering and hoarding symptoms relative to those without OCPD; however, participants with co-morbid OCD and OCPD demonstrated greater treatment gains in terms of OCD severity, checking and ordering than those without OCPD. Individuals with OCD and OCPD had higher levels of checking, ordering and overall OCD severity at initial assessment; however, at post-treatment they had similar scores to those without OCPD. Conclusion: The implications of these findings are discussed in the light of research on axis I and II co-morbidity and the impact of axis II disorders on treatment for axis I disorders.
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Stein, D. J. "Obsessive compulsive disorder." South African Journal of Psychiatry 19, no. 3 (August 30, 2013): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v19i3.951.

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This guideline focuses on the pharmacotherapy of obsessive compulsive disorder(OCD). OCD is characterised by obsessions and<div style="left: 70.8662px; top: 364.72px; font-size: 15.45px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.99966);" data-canvas-width="420.56549999999993">compulsions. A number of other disorders are also characterised by</div><div style="left: 70.8662px; top: 384.72px; font-size: 15.45px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.97309);" data-canvas-width="419.07749999999993">repetitive thoughts and rituals and may also respond to modifications</div>of standard OCD treatment.
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Black, Donald W. "Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Its Potential Subtypes." CNS Spectrums 5, S4 (June 2000): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900025037.

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AbstractThis manuscript summarizes presentations by an international panel of experts, representing Brazil, Israel, Italy, Mexico, Portugal, Spain, and the United States, at a symposium on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and its possible subtypes. Presentations concerned both OCD proper, as well as putative obsessive-compulsive-spectrum disorders (autistic disorders, eating disorders, pathological gambling, and schizo-obsessive disorder). Projects discussed included a study assessing impulsive temperament in eating disorder patients, a study on serotonin receptor sensitivity in autism, a study of sleep EEG abnormalities in OCD, a study of dissociation in pathological gamblers, papers on aspects of schizo-obsessive patients, a study addressing biological alterations in OCD, data from a new family study on OCD, data from a molecular genetic study of OCD, a factor analytic study of Tourette disorder, a study hypothesizing the existence of an OCD continuum, and, finally, a paper on early- vs late-onset OCD. General discussion followed leading to a consensus that 1) OCD is likely heterogeneous with multiple subtypes; 2) division of patients by age-at-onset probably represents a robust and valid subtyping scheme; 3) the presence of schizophrenic features probably identifies a valid subtype; 4) the validation of subtypes in the future will be informed by both family-genetic studies, as well as studies of biological alterations in OCD; and 5) the study of obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders adds to our understanding of the OCD phenomenon, and helps in our search to identify valid subtypes.
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Zohar, Joseph. "From Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum to Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders: The Cape Town Consensus Statement." CNS Spectrums 12, S3 (February 2007): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900002455.

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In awareness of recent developments and upcoming future changes in the conceptualization of obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCDs), a group of 14 experts with specific experience in this area decided that a consensus statement on the present and future of OCD is timely. The group, with their long-term interest and productivity in the area of OCD, met with the specific aim of providing a global perspective. Ten countries from four continents were represented in this 2-day consensus meeting.The meeting took place in Cape Town on February 27–28, 2006. The participants were asked to prepare and submit a relevant presentation before the meeting in order to enrich the discussion. Six presentations reviewed the following aspects of OCD: diagnosis, epidemiology, neurobiology, treatment, special populations, and pediatric OCD. A draft consensus was prepared, based on the presentations, recent consensus statements, evidence-based guidelines, and the ensuing discussions.
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Pena-Garijo, Josep, Silvia Edo Villamón, Amanda Meliá de Alba, and M. Ángeles Ruipérez. "Personality Disorders in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Comparative Study versus Other Anxiety Disorders." Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/856846.

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Objective. The purpose of this paper is to provide evidence for the relationship between personality disorders (PDs), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), and other anxiety disorders different from OCD (non-OCD) symptomatology.Method. The sample consisted of a group of 122 individuals divided into three groups (41 OCD; 40 non-OCD, and 41 controls) matched by sex, age, and educational level. All the individuals answered the IPDE questionnaire and were evaluated by means of the SCID-I and SCID-II interviews.Results. Patients with OCD and non-OCD present a higher presence of PD. There was an increase in cluster C diagnoses in both groups, with no statistically significant differences between them.Conclusions. Presenting anxiety disorder seems to cause a specific vulnerability for PD. Most of the PDs that were presented belonged to cluster C. Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD) is the most common among OCD. However, it does not occur more frequently among OCD patients than among other anxious patients, which does not confirm the continuum between obsessive personality and OCD. Implications for categorical and dimensional diagnoses are discussed.
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Krzyszkowiak, Waldemar, Małgorzata Kuleta-Krzyszkowiak, and Eliza Krzanowska. "Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders (OCD) and Obsessive-Compulsive-Related Disorders (OCRD)." Psychiatria Polska 53, no. 4 (August 31, 2019): 825–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.12740/pp/105130.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders (OCD)"

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Duba, Sauerheber Jill, and James Robert Bitter. "Anxiety and Obsessive Compulsive Disorders." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5222.

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Book Summary: Psychopathology & Psychotherapy: DSM-5 Diagnosis, Case Conceptualization, and Treatment, Third Edition differs from other psychopathology and abnormal psychology books. While other books focus on describing diagnostic conditions, this book focus on the critical link between psychopathology and psychotherapy. More specifically, it links diagnostic evaluation, case conceptualization, and treatment selection to psychotherapy practice. Research affirms that knowledge and awareness of these links is essential in planning and providing highly effective psychotherapy. This third edition incorporates detailed case conceptualizations and treatment considerations for the DSM-5 diagnoses most commonly seen in everyday clinical practice. Extensive case studies illustrate the diagnostic, case conceptualization, and treatment process in a way that makes it come alive. Written by practicing clinicians with expertise in specific disorders, this book will be an invaluable resource to both novice and experienced clinicians.
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Watkins, Laura H. A. "Cognitive dysfunction in Huntington's disease and related disorders." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313852.

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Halldorsson, Brynjar. ""Please help me" : excessive reassurance seeking as an interpersonal process in obsessive compulsive disorder and health anxiety." Thesis, University of Bath, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.646143.

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Excessive Reassurance Seeking (ERS) is an under-researched and poorly understood behaviour that resembles the compulsive behaviours that are typically seen in obsessional problems. ERS can be complex, persistent, extensive, debilitating and may dominate the interactions of those involved. In addition to resembling compulsive checking in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) it may have the effect of transferring responsibility to another person. However, it could be seen as a type of support. Both ERS and support are defined and key questions about these concepts are considered in five studies which examine ERS from the perspectives of non-clinical samples, sufferers of anxiety problems, caregivers and therapists. Study 1 qualitatively examines interpersonal components of ERS in OCD and identified the experience of frustration in caregivers as being particularly pervasive. Study 2 examines the diagnosis specific/transdiagnostic elements of ERS in OCD and health anxiety contrasted with support using mixed methods. Results revealed some limited diagnosis specificity of ERS. Strikingly, people with health anxiety did not seek support; reassurance seeking may be their default response. Study 3 uses a larger sample to quantitatively evaluate therapists’ perception of ERS and its treatment, with results suggesting that there is considerable room for improvement. Study 4 examined therapeutic intervention for ERS in treatment refractory OCD using a single case experimental design; Cognitive Behavioural Treatment (CBT) that focuses on treating ERS had beneficial effects. Study 5 tackled the diagnosis specific/transdiagnostic issues in a questionnaire by considering ERS across different anxiety problems. ERS may represent a final common pathway of multiple processes; some processes appear transdiagnostic; others may indicate disorder specificity. Overall, findings reveal the complexity of ERS and its likely nature as a safety-seeking behaviour which requires attention in treatment. Engendering support as an alternative to reassurance in CBT may be particularly promising.
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Lipton, M. "Phenomenology of intrusive imagery in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2008. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444223/.

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The study of intrusive mental imagery in anxiety is a growing area of interest. Whilst there is an appreciation of the variation in thematic content (Hirsch & Holmes, 2007), less is understood about the wider phenomenology and function of intrusive imagery across the anxiety disorders. The aim of the review is to adopt a transdiagnostic perspective, and compare and contrast the literature on intrusive imagery in anxiety in terms of the content, prevalence, frequency and characteristics. In addition, a further aim is to present preliminary findings concerning the function of imagery across the spectrum of disorders. The final section of the review summarises the conclusions and suggests areas for future examination.
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Li, Yiu-bun, and 李耀斌. "Comorbid obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCSs) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in patients with schizophrenia treated with clozapine or haloperidol." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/200383.

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Aims: A case-control study is done aiming(i)to explore the prevalence of OCSs and OCD among patients with Schizophrenia treated with Clozapine(Target group)in comparison with those treated with Haloperidol(Control group), (ii) to identify the associative factors in relationship with OCSs and OCD in Schizophrenia patients treated with Clozapine in comparison with Haloperidol , (iii)to find out predictors for the increase of OCSs and OCD among patients treated with Clozapine in comparison with Haloperidol. All these information may contribute to the understanding of the underlying etiology of OCSs and OCD. Method: Sample is comprised with patients aged 18-65 who meet the diagnostic criteria of Schizophrenia-spectrum disorder based on ICD 10 and retrieval of medical records. A total of 120 patients, comprising 30 males and 30 females patients currently prescribed with Clozapine(Target group)whereas30 male and 30 female patients are currently prescribed with Haloperidol (Control group)were identified from the Schizophrenia outpatient clinic in the same hospital. Both groups will be matched with gender. Obsessive compulsive symptoms were measured with the Chinese version of Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale to rate the severity of the symptoms. The severity of Schizophrenia symptoms was rated by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, and the Clinical Global Impression was used to measure severity symptoms in general. The social functioning of patient was rated by The Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale(SOFAS). A clinical interview questionnaire was developed to determine the social and demographic characteristics, as well as other clinical features of the disorder. It included patient’s age, frequency of hospitalisation, age of onset and duration of Schizophrenia, age of onset and duration of OCSs and OCD and age of first hospitalisation, Duration of Untreated Psychosis (DUP) and current antipsychotic medication dosage( Chlorpromazine equivalent dose). Results: From the 120 patients identified and approached, 96 (80%) patients (48 male and 48 female patients) were consented for the study. The current study found that among those prescribed with Clozapine (Target group), there were 26.5% comorbid with OCSs and OCD, whereas none patients reported OCSs and OCD among the Haloperidol Control group. Patients with OCSs and OCD were significantly correlated with PANSS Positive Syndrome Score and PANSS Total Syndrome Score factors analysis by the N Par test of Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon W and Z score for Asymp. Using correlations test analysis, the most significantly factors to OCSs and OCD are Clozapine (Target group), PANSS Positive Syndrome Score and PANSS Total Syndrome Score. Result showed that those three factors cannot be the prediction of OCSs and OCD from the Binary logistic regression analysis.
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Psychological Medicine
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Master of Psychological Medicine
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Domènech, Salgado Laura 1989. "A Comprehensive multiomics approach towards understanding obsessive-compulsive disorder." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/665800.

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To date, very little progress has been made towards elucidating the genetic causes of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). In this project we have performed rare variant association study (RVAS) transcriptomics and metagenomics analyses to focus on areas relatively underexplored in OCD. We have identified and replicated an enrichment of rare variants in TMEM63A, a gene that encodes for a calcium-permeable cation channel, through whole-exome sequencing, RVAS and targeted resequencing analyses. Moreover, we have observed an overrepresentation of genes enriched in rare variants in OCD cases related to calcium signalling. Transcriptomic studies have identified differential expression of genes involved in neuronal development and function in OCD patients. Integration of our RVAS and transcriptomic results also uncover a possible role of semaphorins and axon guidance in OCD. Finally, metagenomics studies have confirmed the previously reported increase of the Rikenellaceae bacterial family in the gut microbiome and have shown a significant higher Actinobacteria/Fusobacteria ratio in the oro-pharyngeal microbiome of OCD cases. Our results actively encourage further research in these areas.
Fins a dia d’avui, s’ha avançat molt poc a l’hora d’elucidar les causes genètiques del trastorn obsessiu compulsiu (TOC). En aquest projecte hem realitzat estudis d’associació de variants rares (RVAS) i anàlisis de transcriptòmica i metagenòmica per centrar-nos en àrees relativament poc explorades del TOC. Hem identificat i replicat un enriquiment de variants rares a TMEM63A, un gen que codifica un canal catiònic permeable per calci, a través d’anàlisis de seqüenciació de l’exoma complet, RVAS i reseqüenciació dirigida. A més, hem observat una sobrerepresentació de gens enriquits en variants rares en casos de TOC relacionats amb la senyalització de calci. Els estudis de transcriptòmica han identificat una expressió diferencial de gens involucrats en el desenvolupament i la funció neuronal en els pacients de TOC. La integració dels resultats dels nostres estudis de RVAS i transcriptòmica també revelen un possible paper de les semaforines i del guiatge axonal al TOC. Finalment, els estudis de metagenòmica han confirmat el increment prèviament reportat de la família bacterial Rikenellaceae en el microbioma intestinal i han mostrat una relació significativa més alta d’Actinobacteris/Fusobacteris en el microbioma de l’orofaringe dels pacients de TOC. Els nostres resultats fomenten activament la recerca en aquestes àrees.
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Bonadio, Christopher N. "Evolutionary Origins of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Depression." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1216030443.

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Bailey, Fiona Jane, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "The origins of inflated responsibility in obsessive compulsive disorder." Deakin University. School of Psychology, 2002. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050902.121410.

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The pivotal role of inflated responsibility beliefs in the maintenance and treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been clearly demonstrated (Rachman, 1993; Salkovskis, 1998; Shafran, 1997; van Oppen & Arntz, 1994). Yet little is known about the origins of these beliefs, their contribution to a sense of inflated responsibility or the symptoms of OCD, or the contribution of personality to inflated responsibility and to OCD, The aims of this thesis were to investigate a model of the inter-relationships among the personality dimensions of neuroticism and psychoticism, inflated responsibility and OCD, and the origins of inflated responsibility to inflated responsibility and to OCD. In order to achieve these aims, a scale was developed to assess the origins of inflated responsibility based upon the five pathways proposed by Salkovskis, Shafran, Rachman, and Freeston (1999) and the additional domains of guilt, vigilance and thought-action fusion (Shafran, Thordarson, & Rachman, 1996; Shafran, Watkins & Charman, 1996; Tallis, 1994). Eighty-four participants with OCD (age M = 43.36) and 74 control participants (age M =37.14) volunteered to participate in the two studies of this thesis. The aim of Study 1 was to develop and validate a measure of the Origins of Inflated Responsibility (OIR). The results of the first study yielded a 25-ttem scale, the Origins of Inflated Responsibility Questionnaire (OIRQ) with five independent factors: responsibility, strictness, protection from responsibility, critical incidents, and peer blame which demonstrated both internal reliability and temporal stability over a 2-week period. In Study 2, participants also completed the Responsibility Attitudes Scale (Salkovskis, Wroe, Gledhill, Morrison, Forrester, Richards, ct al. (2000) (a measure of inflated responsibility), the Padua Inventory (Sanavio, 1988) (to measure of the symptoms of OCD)y and the Eysenck Personality Inventory-Revised (Eysenck & Eysenck, 1991). Multivariatc Analysis of Variance revealed that the OCD group scored higher on all variables than the control group except for strictness where the groups were not different, and psychoticism where the OCD group scored lower. A series of Multiple Regression analyses revealed that both group and the OIR contributed to inflated responsibility (R2 = .56). When all variables, OIR, inflated responsibility and neuroticism were entered as predictors of OCD, 60% of the variance in OCD was explained however, 49% of the variance was shared by the independent variables suggesting the presence of some underlying construct. Structural Equation Modelling, where all the constructs in the model were examined simultaneously, revealed that neuroticism contributed to the OIR, inflated responsibility and OCD. The OIR were also significant predictors of inflated responsibility and indirectly through inflated responsibility predictive of OCD. The OIR also directly predicted OCD and when the total effects are considered, their contribution was greater than the total effect for inflated responsibility alone. The results of these studies provide good support for the origins of inflated responsibility proposed by Salkovskis et al. (1999), as measured by the OIRQ developed for use in the current thesis. The results also support the contribution of inflated responsibility and neuroticism, as well as the OIR, to OCD, The large amount of variance shared by the OIR, inflated responsibility and neuroticism suggest that there might be some underlying construct, perhaps of a biopsychosocial nature, that requires further investigation for its role in the onset and maintenance of OCD. The clinical relevance of these findings is discussed in terms of early prevention strategies and interventions.
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Boutros, Jean-Charles. "La philosophie vive plutôt que la philosophie à vif : Socrate aux périls de Marsyas : recherches sur les modes d'influence chez Platon, précédées d'une étude générale sur la magie et la pensée magique." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010717/document.

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Afin d’expliciter les modes d’influence intervenant dans les Dialogues de Platon, nous étudions de quelle manière se déploie la magie notamment de Socrate, qui est présenté comme un sorcier par plusieurs interlocuteurs. Une étude générale préliminaire sur la magie portant sur l’anthropologie, les rituels, pathologiques (troubles obsessionnels-compulsifs) ou culturels, et enfin la pensée magique nous fournit un cadre pour envisager comment se manifeste l’influence chez Platon. Différents facteurs influent sur les modes de pensée des individus souvent à leur insu : personnalité, habitudes, société, éthique, ignorance, etc.. La magie oratoire est pratiquée, depuis Gorgias, par divers experts du discours comme les orateurs ou les sophistes, ce qui révèle l’ambiguïté de la magie de Socrate, alors qu’il prétend éliminer le faux et les illusions. Dans le Phèdre, différents types de possession se produisent, certaines incontrôlées, d’autres contrôlées, impliquant un processus d’initiation. La magie de Socrate trouve encore à s’illustrer avec plusieurs cas d’envoûtement marquants, mais aussi un usage d’incantations notamment pour traiter la crainte de la mort. Dans le domaine politique, le législateur recourt aussi aux incantations pour plus d’efficacité, vu qu’elles agissent sur la forme des comportements, contribuent à souder les citoyens et participent au contrôle social. Une législation sur les crimes de magie est aussi édictée
To explain the modes of influence operating in Plato’s Dialogues, we study how Socrates and others use their magic as several interlocutors have called Socrates a sorcerer. A framework is given to our research with a preliminary general study about magic covering anthropology, rituals – pathological (obsessive-compulsive disorders) or cultural – and magical thought. In Plato’s works, the way people think is influenced by many factors often unknowingly: personality, habits, society, ethics, ignorance, etc. Since it had been analyzed by Gorgias, speech experts, such as orators or sophists, have been using oratorical magic in their performances. And then the ambiguity of Socrates’ magic blatantly appears whereas he claims to refute falsehood and eliminate illusions. Different types of possession occur in Phaedrus, some uncontrolled, other controlled, entailing an initiation. Socrates carries out his magic in several striking cases of bewitchment and he also uses incantations in particular to sooth the fear of death. In the political field, the lawgiver finds an interest in using incantations for more effectiveness in his task since they can shape the forms of behaviors, create strong bond between citizens and contribute to social control. A law about crimes of magic is also designed
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Souza, Fernanda Pasquoto de. "Tradução, adaptação e validação das escalas Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory - OCI e do Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised - OCI-R." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/13422.

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O objetivo do presente projeto foi traduzir e adaptar para o português do Brasil as escalas Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (OCI) e Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R) e avaliar as propriedades psicométricas do instrumento OCI-R, o qual avalia a gravidade dos sintomas obsessivo-compulsivos. O projeto foi desenvolvido em duas etapas: (1) a tradução, a adaptação transcultural e a retrotradução das escalas e (2) o estudo de confiabilidade e validade do questionário OCI-R em uma população clínica e em uma amostra não-clínica. Essas escalas têm como vantagem em relação as já existentes o fato de serem autorespondidas e de produzirem escores para categorias específicas de sintomas obsessivocompulsivos. Na primeira fase, a OCI e OCI-R, desenvolvidos no Centro para o Tratamento e Estudo de Ansiedade da Universidade da Pensilvânia, EUA foram traduzidas e a adaptadas para a língua portuguesa. As escalas foram inicialmente traduzidas para o português por dois psiquiatras bilíngües e retrotraduzidas por outros dois psiquiatras bilíngües de forma independente e em seguida, aplicadas em 15 portadores do Transtorno Obsessivo Compulsivo (TOC) com diferente escolaridade e intencionalmente selecionados para efetuar ajustes na linguagem. A versão final das escalas OCI e OCI-R foram aceitas pelo autor após o processo de retrotradução destas. As escalas mostraram-se de fácil compreensão e preenchimento pelos pacientes, podendo ser utilizadas em pacientes com TOC de diferentes classes econômicas e sociais. As escalas OCI e OCI-R, em suas versões adaptadas para o português do Brasil poderão auxiliar os profissionais de saúde no rastreamento de possíveis portadores de TOC e na avaliação da intensidade dos sintomas obsessivos compulsivos em pesquisa, e sua redução com diferentes métodos de tratamento. A tradução e a adaptação serão apresentadas no artigo nº. 1. A segunda etapa do projeto avaliou as propriedades psicométricas da versão brasileira da OCI-R em uma população clínica e em uma não clínica (controle). A validade e confiabilidade da versão para o Português do Brasil da escala Obsessive–Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R) foram examinadas em uma amostra clínica de 64 pacientes com Transtorno Obsessivo-Compulsivo (TOC), 33 pacientes com Fobia Social, 33 pacientes com Transtorno do Pânico e em uma amostra não clínica de 130 funcionários de um hospital geral. Foi verificado que as subescalas da OCI-R discriminam e avaliam a gravidade dos seis subtipos de sintomas de TOC. A confiabilidade teste-reteste foi examinada usando os dados dos 64 pacientes com TOC que completaram a OCI-R em dois diferentes momentos. Em cada amostra o escore total e os escores das subescalas demonstraram consistência interna de moderada a boa e boa validade concorrente e discriminante. Além disso, demonstrou ser sensível aos efeitos do tratamento cognitivo-comportamental em grupo. Nossos achados sugerem que a versão para o Português do Brasil da OCI-R mantêm as propriedades psicométricas da versão original. Os resultados foram comparados com os dados das versões da OCI-R em Espanhol e Alemão. Essa fase será apresentada no artigo nº. 2. A utilização da OCI-R em sua versão em português do Brasil poderá auxiliar os profissionais de saúde e os pacientes na triagem de pessoas com suspeita de TOC. Mais do que isto, seu uso poderá identificar os portadores de TOC clínico ou subclínico. Por se tratar de uma escala auto-respondida, facilita o conhecimento da doença mais cedo, o que é relevante, visto que os pacientes levam muitos anos para procurar tratamento para o TOC. Adicionalmente, ao empregarmos este instrumento, poderemos desenvolver e incrementar programas de prevenção e educação, assim como concentrar esforços nas ações de intervenção.
The aim of the present project was to translate and adapt the scales Obsessive- Compulsive Inventory (OCI) and Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R) to Brazilian Portuguese and to evaluate the psychometric properties of the OCI-R, which measures the severity of the obsessive-compulsive symptoms. The project was developed in two stages: (1) the translation, transcultural adaptation and back-translation of the scales and (2) the study of reliability and validity of the questionnaire OCI-R in a clinical population and in a non-clinical sample (controls). The advantages of those scales, compared to the existent ones, are: (a) they are selfreported and (b) they produce scores for specific categories of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. In the first stage, the OCI and OCI-R, developed by the Center for the Treatment and Study of Anxiety, University of Pennsylvania, EUA were translated and adapted to the Brazilian Portuguese language. The scales were initially translated into Brazilian Portuguese by two bilingual psychiatrists and then independently back-translated by other two bilingual psychiatrists. The scales were then applied to 15 Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) patients, deliberately chosen from different educational levels, to make language adjustments. The author accepted the final version of the OCI and OCI-R scales after their back translation. Scales showed to be easy to understand and fill in by individuals and may be used with OCD patients of different socioeconomic levels. The OCI e OCI-R scales, in their version adapted to Brazilian Portuguese, can help health professionals in screening potential OCD patients assess the severity of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and the reduction of them through different treatments. The translation and the adaptation will be reported in the paper nº. 1. The second stage of the project evaluated the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the OCI-R in a clinical and in a non- clinical (controls) samples. The reliability and validity of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Obsessive–Compulsive Inventory – Revised (OCI-R) were examined in a clinical sample of 64 patients with Obsessive- Compulsive Disorder (OCD), 33 patients with Social Phobia and 33 patients with Panic Disorder plus a non-clinical sample of 130 employees of a general hospital. Results indicate that the OCI-R is a valid measure for identifying and assessing the severity of the six symptom subtypes of OCD. In each sample the overall and subscale scores demonstrated moderate to good internal consistency and good convergent and divergent validity. Furthermore, in patients with OCD, the inventory showed sensitivity to Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy (CBGT). Our findings indicate that the Brazilian Portuguese version of the OCI-R retains the psychometric properties of its original version. These results were also compared with the results of validation of the Spanish and German OCI-R versions. That phase will be reported in the paper nº. 2. The OCI-R Brazilian Portuguese version can help health professionals and patients to screen potential people with OCD. More than this, its use can identify clinical or sub clinical OCD patients. As it is a self-report scale, it facilitates the early awareness of the disease, which is relevant because patients may take several years to seek treatment for OCD. Moreover, the use of this instrument can help to develop educational programs which could ameliorate prevention, as well as focus efforts in intervention actions.
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Books on the topic "Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders (OCD)"

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Toates, Frederick. Obsessive compulsive disorder: Practical, tried-and-tested strategies to overcome OCD. 2nd ed. London: Class, 2002.

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1954-, Clark David A., ed. Overcoming obsessive thoughts: How to gain control of your OCD. Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications, 2005.

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Zucker, Bonnie. Take control of OCD: The ultimate guide for kids with OCD. Waco, Tex: Prufrock Press, 2011.

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Wells, Joe. Touch and go Joe: An adolescent's experiences of OCD. Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2006.

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Veronica, Clark, ed. Coming Clean: Living with OCD. London: John Blake, 2014.

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OCD: A guide for the newly diagnosed. Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications, 2012.

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ill, Swearingen Greg 1976, ed. Mr. Worry: A story about OCD. Morton Grove, Ill: Albert Whitman, 2004.

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Steketee, Gail. Overcoming obsessive-compulsive disorder: A cognitive and behavioral protocol for the treatment of OCD. Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications, 1999.

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Overcoming obsessive compulsive disorder: A behavioral and cognitive protocol for the treatment of OCD : therapist protocol. Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications, 1999.

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Understanding OCD: Skills to control the conscience and outsmart obsessive compulsive disorder. Santa Barbara, California: Praeger, an imprint of ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2015.

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Book chapters on the topic "Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders (OCD)"

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Koenigsberg, Judy Z. "Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)." In Anxiety Disorders, 185–208. Title: Anxiety disorders: integrated psychotherapy approaches / Judy Z. Koenigsberg.Description: New York, NY: Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429023637-12.

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Macari, Suzanne, Ruth Eren, Louise Spear-Swerling, John T. Danial, Lawrence David Scahill, Fred R. Volkmar, Kevin A. Pelphrey, et al. "Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)." In Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2071–73. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1698-3_1249.

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Scahill, Lawrence David. "Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)." In Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders, 3212–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91280-6_1249.

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Maddox, Brenna B., Connor M. Kerns, Martin E. Franklin, and Susan W. White. "Anxiety Disorders and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders (OCD)." In Handbook of Assessment and Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder, 233–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27171-2_13.

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Meyer, Jeffrey. "Inflammation, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, and Related Disorders." In The Neurobiology and Treatment of OCD: Accelerating Progress, 31–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/7854_2020_210.

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March, John S., and Karen Mulle. "Banishing OCD: Psychotherapy for cognitive-behavioral obsessive-compulsive disorders." In Psychosocial treatments for child and adolescent disorders: Empirically based strategies for clinical practice., 83–102. Washington: American Psychological Association, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10196-004.

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Vats, T., N. A. Fineberg, and E. Hollander. "The Future of Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders: A Research Perspective." In The Neurobiology and Treatment of OCD: Accelerating Progress, 461–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/7854_2020_208.

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Davey, Graham, Suzanne Dash, and Frances Meeten. "Biological Models of OCD." In Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, 96–118. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-30869-6_6.

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Davey, Graham, Suzanne Dash, and Frances Meeten. "OCD: Symptoms and Diagnosis." In Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, 3–15. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-30869-6_1.

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Davey, Graham, Suzanne Dash, and Frances Meeten. "OCD: Prevalence and Epidemiology." In Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, 16–31. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-30869-6_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders (OCD)"

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Johnson, Gregory, Lauri Lehto, Silvia Mangia, Olli Gröhn, Shalom Michaeli, and Suhasa Kodandaramaiah. "Conceptual Design of Flex-DBS, a Mechanically Reconfigurable Deep Brain Stimulation Probe." In 2017 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2017-3407.

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Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) has demonstrated outstanding results for the treatment of medically intractable Parkinson’s disease (PD), essential tremor and other neurological and psychiatric disorders, such as Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and major depression [1,2]. Despite widespread proliferation, efficacy of DBS treatment is limited primarily because of two key limitations as shown in Fig. 1: (a) non-specific activation of regions implicated in DBS side effects, and (b) inefficient neurostimulation due to complex anatomical structure and axonal orientations of target regions. Thus, there is a need to develop approaches to DBS that achieve more precise target selection and efficient activation of axonal pathways within the brain. Recent efforts in target selection has focused on shaping the stimulation field by using multichannel electrodes for current steering [3]. These multichannel electrodes are limited to cylindrical lead configuration and can only correct for small spatial localization errors, and they do not utilize the direction of the electrical field’s gradients to stimulate neurons depending on their orientation (mainly orientation of axons). Thus, there is a critical need for new electrode architectures that enable both spatial steering and stimulation field orientation tuning capabilities. Here we present the Flex-DBS, a novel DBS electrode lead architecture that harnesses recent advances in flexible probe fabrication and precision guidance strategy to mechanically reconfigure electrodes in three dimensional orientations within anatomically complex brain tissue. Further, it incorporates dense arrays of electrodes with each lead that allow stimulation field orientation tuning.
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Ramadan, Rana, Sokyna Alqatawneh, Fadwa Ahalaiqa, Ikhals Abdel-Qader, Ali Aldahoud, and Shadi AlZoubi. "The Utilization of WhatsApp to Determine the Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD): A Preliminary Study." In 2019 Sixth International Conference on Social Networks Analysis, Management and Security (SNAMS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/snams.2019.8931832.

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Gan, Jiangzhang, Xiaofeng Zhu, Rongyao Hu, Yonghua Zhu, Junbo Ma, Ziwen Peng, and Guorong Wu. "Multi-graph Fusion for Functional Neuroimaging Biomarker Detection." In Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/81.

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Brain functional connectivity analysis on fMRI data could improve the understanding of human brain function. However, due to the influence of the inter-subject variability and the heterogeneity across subjects, previous methods of functional connectivity analysis are often insufficient in capturing disease-related representation so that decreasing disease diagnosis performance. In this paper, we first propose a new multi-graph fusion framework to fine-tune the original representation derived from Pearson correlation analysis, and then employ L1-SVM on fine-tuned representations to conduct joint brain region selection and disease diagnosis for avoiding the issue of the curse of dimensionality on high-dimensional data. The multi-graph fusion framework automatically learns the connectivity number for every node (i.e., brain region) and integrates all subjects in a unified framework to output homogenous and discriminative representations of all subjects. Experimental results on two real data sets, i.e., fronto-temporal dementia (FTD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), verified the effectiveness of our proposed framework, compared to state-of-the-art methods.
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Reports on the topic "Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders (OCD)"

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Obsessive compulsive disorder symptoms predict anxiety, and vice versa. ACAMH, February 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.13056/acamh.11266.

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OCD. ACAMH, May 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.13056/acamh.6488.

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People with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) experience unpleasant and intrusive thoughts, images, doubts or urges (called obsessions) and repetitive behaviours (called compulsions). Compulsions are usually carried out as a way of reducing the distress caused by obsessions. OCD takes many different forms and causes distress and interference to day-to-day life.
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A thinner cortex predicts a better response to CBT. ACAMH, March 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.13056/acamh.11574.

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