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Journal articles on the topic 'Obstructed area'
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Kramer, Stephan C., Ralf Gritzki, Alf Perschk, Markus Rösler, and Clemens Felsmann. "Fully parallel, OpenGL-based computation of obstructed area-to-area view factors." Journal of Building Performance Simulation 8, no. 4 (2014): 266–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19401493.2014.917700.
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Tokuda, Kenichi, Tatsuya Hirayama, Tetsuya Kinugasa, Takafumi Haji, Hisanori Amano, and Kazunori Yasuda. "Complement Method for Obstructed Area on Images of Multiple Cameras Mounted Behind Crawler Shoe." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 27, no. 2 (2015): 146–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2015.p0146.
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<div class=""abs_img""> <img src=""[disp_template_path]/JRM/abst-image/00270002/04.jpg"" width=""340"" /> Camera system of FMT (RT-04)</div> The covered area detection method, using the brightness change in an image and parallax correction, does not depend on a common field of vision. Camera images become important information when a rescue robot is operated by remote control, but mounting cameras is difficult on a rescue robot crawler that must get into cracks in rubble. We propose attaching cameras behind the crawler shoe. The biggest problem then, however, is that the shoe obstructs large parts of the camera image. To avoid this, we developed real-time image processing that complements the obstructed area through the use of two cameras. We then performed evaluation experiments to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed technique. </span>
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Steers, W. D., M. Albo, and J. B. Tuttle. "Calcium channel antagonists prevent urinary bladder growth and neuroplasticity following mechanical stress." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 266, no. 1 (1994): R20—R26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1994.266.1.r20.
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Cytosolic Ca2+ has been postulated to regulate smooth muscle hypertrophy and growth factor production. Consistent with this hypothesis we report that the Ca2+ channel antagonists verapamil and diltiazem prevent bladder and neuronal growth in rats in response to 3 wk of urethral obstruction. Ca2+ channel blockers prevented 30-45% of the increase in bladder weight, protein, and DNA content found in obstructed animals. Similarly, these drugs produced a 15-27% reduction in area profiles for retrogradely labeled (Fluoro-Gold) motoneurons in the major pelvic ganglia and afferents in the L6-S1 dorsal root ganglia after obstruction. The reduced growth in neuronal areas was attributed, in part, to less nerve growth factor (NGF) in bladders of obstructed rats receiving verapamil (8.5 pg/bladder) or diltiazem (14.5 pg/bladder) compared with obstructed animals not given these drugs (58.2 pg/bladder). The alpha 1-adrenergic antagonist, prazosin, while decreasing voiding frequency in obstructed rats, had no significant impact on bladder weight or neuronal size. These reductions in the increase in bladder hypertrophy and NGF content may be due to altered handling of Ca2+.
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Ito, Umeo, Yoji Hakamata, Emiko Kawakami, and Kiyomitsu Oyanagi. "Temporary Focal Cerebral Ischemia Results in Swollen Astrocytic End-Feet That Compress Microvessels and Lead to Focal Cortical Infarction." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 31, no. 1 (2010): 328–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.2010.97.
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We examined the mechanisms underlying the abrupt onset of the focal infarction in disseminated selective neuronal necrosis (DSNN) after temporary ischemia. Stroke-positive animals were selected according to their stroke-index score during the first 10 minutes after left carotid occlusion performed twice at a 5-hour interval. The animals were euthanized at various times after the second ischemia. Light- and electron-microscopical studies were performed chronologically on the coronal-cut surface of the cerebral cortex at the chiasmatic level, where focal infarction evolved in the maturing DSNN. We counted the number of neurons, astrocytes, and astrocytic processes (APs); measured the areas of end-feet and astrocytes; and counted the numbers of obstructed microvessels and carbon-black-suspension-perfused microvessels (CBSPm). Between 0.5 and 5 hours after ischemia, DSNN matured, with the numbers of degenerated and dead neurons increasing, and those of APs cut-ends decreasing; whereas the area of the end-feet and the numbers of obstructed microvessels increased and those of CBSPm decreased. At 12 and 24 hours after ischemia, the infarction evolved, with the area of end-feet and astrocytic number decreased; whereas the numbers of obstructed microvessels decreased and the CBSPm number increased. The focal infarction evolved by temporary microvascular obstruction because of compression by swollen end-feet.
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Nielsen, M. B., O. Ø. Rasmussen, J. F. Pedersen, and J. Christiansen. "Anal Endosonographic Findings in Patients with Obstructed Defecation." Acta Radiologica 34, no. 1 (1993): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028418519303400108.
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Anal endosonography, including measurements of anal sphincter size, was performed in 16 patients with obstructed defecation. The findings were compared with those at defecography and anal manometry. Patients with rectocele and intussusception had a normal endosonographic appearance. One patient with puborectalic spasm had normal sonography. There was no correlation between sphincter size and anal manometry. The external sphincter muscle was thicker and the cross-sectional area larger in patients with obstructed defecation than in healthy controls (p < 0.05). Two patients with sphincter spasm and impaired rectal emptying at defecography had clearly thickened internal sphincters which may be the cause of their defecatory disorder. Three patients with previous anal dilatation or hemorrhoidectomy had sphincteric defects. Anal endosonography may be considered in patients with obstructed defecation to identify patients with internal sphincter hypertrophy.
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Davis, William E., Giulio J. Barbero, William R. LaMear, Jerry W. Templer, and Peter Konig. "Paranasal Sinus Mucoceles in Cystic Fibrosis." American Journal of Rhinology 7, no. 1 (1993): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/105065893781976609.
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Six patients between the ages of 6 and 22 years old with cystic fibrosis were found to have mucoceles of the paranasal sinuses. Four were male and two were female. They experienced nasal obstruction, purulent rhinorrhea, and anosmia, but none had fever or pain. Nasal endoscopy and coronal computerized tomography scans revealed the lateral nasal wall to be displaced medially against the septum. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery revealed large cystic spaces filled with thick yellow-green mucus. Postoperatively most patients are able to smell and breathe through their noses. The mucocele probably begins as an obstructed anterior ethmoid cell, which then enlarges and obstructs the osteomeatal complex, which further impairs drainage of the other sinuses into this area.
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Park, Woong-Kyu, Hyun-Joo Ki, Chan-Woul Jeong, and Doo-Sam Song. "A Study of the Daylighting Performance in Obstructed Office Building in Urban Area." Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society 34, no. 5 (2014): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.7836/kses.2014.34.5.101.
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Workie, Amare, Yemmiamrew Getachew, Kibir Temesgen, and Prem Kumar. "Determinants of uterine rupture in Dessie Referral Hospital, North East Ethiopia, 2016: case control design." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 7, no. 5 (2018): 1712. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20181900.
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Background: Uterine rupture remains a major obstetric problem particularly in less developed countries. The aim of this study was to identify determinants of uterine rupture among mothers getting delivery services in Dessie Referral Hospital from January 2016 to June 2016, North East Ethiopia.Methods: A prospective unmatched case control study was conducted recruiting 42 mothers with uterine rupture as case group and 168 for control group. Pretested, structured questionnaire was used to collect data.Results: Descriptive statistics and Logistic regression models were utilized considering 95% confidence interval and p-value of 0.05 to determine the presence and strength of association between dependent and independent variables. Majority (94.2%) of cases came from rural areas, 76.2% had obstructed labor and 55% had prolonged labor. Of 85.7% of cases have reported number of pregnancies ≥ 5. Mothers who encountered obstructed labor and previous Caesarean section scar were at higher risk of uterine rupture (AOR=22.2, 95% CI=2.8-4.1 and AOR=13.6, 95% CI=2.16-17.84 respectively). Mothers living in urban area, having Antenatal Care follow-up, shorter labor stay and primi-parity were found to have lower risk of uterine rupture.Conclusions: This study revealed that living in rural areas, absence of Antenatal Care follow-up, prolonged labor, obstructed labor, grand multiparity and previous Caesarean section scar were determinants of uterine rupture. Viable strategies have to be designed and implemented to tackle these determinants of uterine rupture.
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Iltumur, Kenan, Tolga Demir, Zuhal Ariturk, Nizamettin Toprak, and Oztekin Oto. "Simultaneous Occurrence of a Large Asymptomatic Prolapsing Left Atrial Myxoma with a Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma." Heart Surgery Forum 18, no. 1 (2015): 025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1532/hsf.1223.
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Synchronous myxoma of the heart and other malignancies are extremely rare. We report a case of a 64-year-old man who had a large left atrial myxoma that obstructed the mitral valve, as well as an unrelated, coexistent cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in the sacral area. During the preoperative evaluation for non-cardiac surgery, the tumor was diagnosed coincidentally by echocardiographic examination. Echocardiography findings were consistent with a large left atrial myxoma originating from the posterior wall and prolapsing into the left ventricular cavity through the mitral valve, causing mitral stenosis. The mass was successfully completely excised. Histologic examination of the mass confirmed the diagnosis of cardiac myxoma. We report a casual echocardiographic finding of a left atrial myxoma that obstructed the mitral valve outflow tract, and an unrelated, synchronous cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in the sacral area.
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Sakamoto, Hiroaki, Ken Fujitani, Shouhei Kitano, Keiji Murata, and Akira Hakuba. "Cerebrospinal fluid edema associated with shunt obstruction." Journal of Neurosurgery 81, no. 2 (1994): 179–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1994.81.2.0179.
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✓ The authors report four hydrocephalic children with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) edema extending along the ventricular catheter of an obstructed CSF shunt. Three of the patients exhibited massive CSF edema along the ventricular catheter, yet they manifested neither ventricular enlargement nor apparent periventricular CSF edema despite increased intraventricular pressure. These findings suggested ventricular tautness. The remaining patient, who had dilated ventricles with periventricular CSF edema, displayed CSF edema in a limited area along the ventricular catheter. Replacement of the obstructed peritoneal catheter of the shunt resulted in rapid improvement of the edema in all patients. In the three patients with massive CSF edema, however, a small lesion remained in the subcortical white matter along the ventricular catheter as demonstrated by computerized tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging 3 to 5 years after shunt revision. It is concluded that shunt obstruction may result in massive CSF edema along the ventricular catheter in hydrocephalic children who have ventricular tautness after installation of the shunt causing irreversible although usually asymptomatic damage to the affected area of the brain.
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Galarreta, Carolina I., Barbara A. Thornhill, Michael S. Forbes, Lauren N. Simpkins, Dae-Kee Kim та Robert L. Chevalier. "Transforming growth factor-β1receptor inhibition preserves glomerulotubular integrity during ureteral obstruction in adults but worsens injury in neonatal mice". American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 304, № 5 (2013): F481—F490. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00496.2012.
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Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), a widely used model of chronic kidney disease and congenital obstructive uropathy, causes proximal tubular injury and formation of atubular glomeruli. Because transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) is a central regulator of renal injury, neonatal and adult mice were subjected to complete UUO while under general anesthesia and treated with vehicle or ALK5 TGF-β1receptor inhibitor (IN-1130, 30 mg·kg−1·day−1). After 14 days, glomerulotubular integrity and proximal tubular mass were determined by morphometry of Lotus tetragonolobus lectin distribution, and the fraction of atubular glomeruli was determined by serial section analysis of randomly selected individual glomeruli. Glomerular area, macrophage infiltration, fibronectin distribution, and interstitial collagen were measured by morphometry. Compared with placebo, inhibition of TGF-β1by IN-1130 decreased apoptosis and formation of atubular glomeruli, prevented parenchymal loss, increased glomerular area and glomerulotubular integrity, and increased proximal tubule fraction of the adult obstructed kidney parenchyma from 17 to 30% ( P < 0.05, respectively). IN-1130 decreased macrophage infiltration and fibronectin and collagen deposition in the adult obstructed kidney by ∼50% ( P < 0.05, respectively). In contrast to these salutary effects in the adult, IN-1130 caused widespread necrosis in obstructed neonatal kidneys. We conclude that whereas IN-1130 reduces obstructive injury in adult kidneys through preservation of glomerulotubular integrity and proximal tubular mass, TGF-β1inhibition aggravates obstructive injury in neonates. These results indicate that while caution is necessary in treating congenital uropathies, ALK5 inhibitors may prevent nephron loss due to adult kidney disease.
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Dinh, Cham Dao, and Nguyen Van Lai. "Research on wave regimes at the Cua Dai estuary, Quang Nam." Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ biển 19, no. 4 (2020): 489–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/1859-3097/19/4/14900.
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In coastal area of the Cua Dai estuary - Quang Nam province, the processes of erosion-accretion strongly occur. Over this area, the ocean wave is a dynamical factor that directly affects the coastal areas causing erosion-accretion processes. This paper presents an evaluation of the ocean wave regime impacting the areas of Cua Dai estuary by using the model of MIKE21SW. The purpose of this study is to fully interprete the role of dynamical factor, ocean wave in erosion-accretion processes. The results showed a convergence of ocean waves at the estuary of Cua Dai although it is obstructed by the Cu Lao Cham island in front of the Cua Dai estuary. The northeast and north-northeast waves are mainly prevailing with the frequency of more than 60% in the year.
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Gamerra, M., E. Cantone, G. Sorrentino, et al. "Mathematical model for preoperative identification of obstructed nasal subsites." Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica 37, no. 05 (2017): 410–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.14639/0392-100x-1385.
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La realizzazione di studi sperimentali per la valutazione dei flussi aerei nasali è particolarmente indaginosa, data la difficoltà di ottenere in vivo unaccurata misurazione degli stessi. Inoltre, sebbene la rinomanometria standard e la rinometria acustica rappresentino i metodi più utilizzati nella pratica clinica, esse forniscono solo una misura globale ed approssimativa dei flussi aerei nasali, senza definirne i particolari temporali o spaziali. Allo stesso modo gli studi sulla fluidodinamica computazionale rappresentano solo una simulazione numerica, ben lontana da quelle che sono le variabili anatomiche e fisiologiche delle cavità nasali. Pertanto, ad oggi, non esistono ancora strumenti diagnostici in grado di misurare oggettivamente la geometria delle cavità nasali, le resistenze ed il grado di ostruzione nei diversi sotto-siti nasali, elemento questultimo fondamentale per una corretta programmazione chirurgica. Allo scopo di superare i limiti della diagnostica standard abbiamo elaborato un modello matematico basato sullequazione di Bernoulli applicata alle cavità nasali di soggetti sani per lo studio dei gradienti pressori di vari sotto-siti nasali, che sono stati misurati grazie ad un particolare manometro digitale. Il nostro studio, unico in letteratura, ha identificato due curve limite che racchiudono unarea rappresentativa entro cui cadono i livelli normali di flusso in corrispondenza del vestibolo nasale. Il modello descritto potrebbe essere utile per studiare tutti i sotto-siti nasali sede di ostruzione ai fini di una corretta programmazione chirurgica e di un valido follow-up postoperatorio.
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Dowden, Jacob E., J. Daniel Stanley, and Richard A. Moore. "Obstructed Defecation after Stapled Hemorrhoidopexy: A Report of Four Cases." American Surgeon 76, no. 6 (2010): 622–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313481007600627.
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Stapled hemorrhoidopexy or Procedure for Prolapse and Hemorrhoids (PPH) has become an accepted alternative to excisional hemorrhoidectomy for treating prolapsing hemorrhoids. Although rare, severe complications have been reported after this procedure. We report a series of four male patients with the unusual but debilitating symptoms of obstructed defecation (OD) after PPH. Presenting symptoms included evacuation difficulty, rectal pain, and urgency. All had scarring and stenosis at their PPH anastomotic staple line with a resultant ball-valve effect in three patients as the mobile, excessive, proximal rectal mucosa prolapsed past this relatively immobile area. The fourth patient had an anterior rectal mucosal pouch distal to the PPH staple line. In three of the four patients the anastomosis was below the dentate line or on an oblique angle. Corrective operative intervention largely relieved OD symptoms. One patient, more refractory to successful revision, was eventually diagnosed and treated successfully for pudendal neuropathy. Avoidance of the complication of OD is possible through careful patient selection, proper operative technique, and consideration of nonsurgical etiologies. These complications are complex in nature but most patients will respond to an individualized treatment plan that combines surgical and medical interventions.
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Jayadipraja, Erwin Azizi, Anwar Daud, Alimuddin Hamzah Assegaf, and Maming. "THE INTERNAL FACTORS AFFECTING LUNG CAPACITY OF PEOPLE LIVING IN AREAS AROUND THE CEMENT INDUSTRY, INDONESIA." Public Health of Indonesia 2, no. 2 (2016): 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.36685/phi.v2i2.68.
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Background: Some internal factors have both positive and negative effects to people’s health, especially those who live in a polluted area. The area around the cement industry is an example of polluted area in which the lung capacity will be harmed.Aim: This research aimed at finding out internal factors affecting lung capacity of people living in the area around the cement industry.Methods: This research used a cross sectional study plan by measuring lung capacity (FEV1 and FVC) of people living in four different locations. The locations were based on wind directions and within 3 km from the cement industry. The study plan was also done by connecting the measurement with other factors, such as age, physical activities, nutrition status and passive smoking or environmental tobacco smoke (ETS).Results: Based on the calculation of lung capacity 241 respondents obtained 123 respondents (51%) had a normal lung capacity, 105 respondents (43.6%) had a restricted lung capacity, 4 respondents (1.7%) had an obstructed lung capacity and 9 respondents (3.7%) had a combination of a restricted and obstructed lung capacity. The age (p=0.977) and physical activities (p=0.087) of respondents had no effect on the lung capacity. However, nutrition status (p=0.011) and passive smoking or ETS (p=0.003) do.Conclusion: The nutrition status and the presence of a passive smoker were the internal factors affecting people’s lung capacity, especially for those who live around the cement industry. Thus, in order to avoid the impairment of lung capacity, people need to improve their nutrition and to avoid people smoking around them.
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Mononen, Jaakko, Mikko Harri, and Leena Ahola. "Effects of cage size and obstructed view from cage on use of resting platforms by farmed silver foxes." Agricultural and Food Science 6, no. 2 (1997): 183–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.23986/afsci.72781.
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The effects of cage size and an obstructed view from the cage on the use of wooden non walled resting platforms by juvenile male (n=10) and female (n=15) silver foxes (Vulpes vulpes) were assessed in a 10 week experiment. The degree of the view and the free floor area of the cage varied between the five types of cage used. Each animal spent 2 weeks in each type of cage and their behaviour was videorecorded for a 24-h period in each 2-week period. The foxes spent 59 ± 13% of their daily time on the platforms. Use declined from 72 ± 13% in September to 35 ± 21% in November. Males used the platforms more than did females. In late October and early November, the foxes in cages with an obstructed view from the floor made more use of the platforms for both active behaviour and resting than did those in cages with an unobstructed view from the floor. The larger the free floor area of the cage, the less the silver foxes used the platforms during activity in mid-August and mid-September. One probable function of the platform is to offer the foxes an observation and resting place with an open view in all directions.
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Hermana, Joni, Irhamah, Dian Saptarini, and Tatas. "Designing catchment area for water resources management in ITS campus." E3S Web of Conferences 48 (2018): 05002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184805002.
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Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS) Campus, with the area of 167.4 Ha, is located within Surabaya coastal region in the eastern part of Java Island. It has initial characteristic with wetlands and swamps ecosystem. As a science and technological university, with the main acitivities in teaching, experimental laboratory works, and student activities, ITS is, currently, using ± 49% of its total vast area as building blocks for supporting academic facilities. Being a campus in a coastal zone, the commonly main problems are high porous soil, brackish surface water, high level of ground water, an obstructed drainage tendency because of delicate slant, and low catchment capability. This paper provides an action program on how ITS manage water resources within campus area in order to suppress environmental damage. Many steps had been taken into account for water catchment role, for instance: maintaining the catchment area on the main ITS master plan, planning catchment pond, surface water stabilization by preventing ground water usage, interrupting drainage water flow as being directly discharged into the city drainage system, rain water harvesting, and also designing floating floor for buildings.
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Espinel, Julio de Oliveira, Carolina Uribe, Fabíola Schons Meyer, Rafael Bringheti, Jane Ulbricht Kulczynski, and Maurício Guidi Saueressig. "Cell therapy in the treatment of bronchiolitis obliterans in a murine model." Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões 42, no. 3 (2015): 181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-69912015003010.
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<sec><title>OBJECTIVE:</title><p> To evaluate the importance of stem cells derived from adipose tissue in reducing graft inflammation in a murine model of allogeneic heterotopic tracheal transplant.</p></sec><sec><title>METHODS:</title><p> We performed a heterotopic tracheal allografting in dorsal subcutaneous pouch and systemically injected 5x10<sup>5</sup> mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue. The animals were divided into two groups according to the time of sacrifice: T7 and T21. We also carried out histological analysis and digital morphometry.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS:</title><p> The T7 animals treated with cell therapy had median obstructed graft area of 0 versus 0.54 of controls (p = 0.635). The treated T21 subjects had median obstructed graft area of 0.25 versus 0 in controls (p = 0.041).</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION:</title><p> The systemically injected cell therapy in experimental murine model of bronchiolitis obliterans did not reduce the severity of the allograft inflammation in a statistically significant way in seven days; Conversely, in 21 days, it increased the allograft inflammatory process.</p></sec>
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Ma, Tong, and Tian Chen. "River corridor ventilation analysis and riverfront planning strategy in Tianjin’s urban core area." E3S Web of Conferences 237 (2021): 04022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123704022.
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River corridors are important potential wind path in cities. This paper took the river in the core area of Tianjin as the research object. By using two ventilation indicators as frontal area index (FAI) and frontal area density (FAD), the overall ventilation and pedestrian level ventilation of riverfront area were quantitatively analyzed. The result showed that contrary to common belief, due to the high FAI of the riverfront area, river corridor in Tianjin’s core area did not play the role of wind path but obstructed the wind flow. Also the low FAD indicator of the riverfront area lead to a better outdoor comfort in summer but worse comfort in winter. After verified the correlation between planning indicators (floor area ratio, building height and site coverage) and ventilation indicators, a cluster pattern urban riverfront development mode was proposed. Also a ventilation corridor planning methods based on the river direction and dominant wind direction was suggested. These planning strategy will be more conductive to the wind path and cooling island potential of the river corridors in urban core area.
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Grymer, L. F., P. Illum, and O. Hilberg. "Septoplasty and compensatory inferior turbinate hypertrophy: a randomized study evaluated by acoustic rhinometry." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 107, no. 5 (1993): 413–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100123308.
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The present study deals with the indication for inferior turbinate surgery in cases of concomitant anterior septal deviation. We define, by acoustic rhinometry, the characteristics of the obstructed nose and define mucosal turbinate hypertrophy. A random sample of 80 patients with nasal obstruction and anteriorly located septal deviation were objectively evaluated by acoustic rhinometry pre– and post–operatively. All had septoplasty and half were randomly selected to have anterior inferior turbinoplasty performed in the side opposite to the major septal deviation. Severe septal deviation, expressed by a minimal cross–sectional area less than 0.4 cm2 was present in 37 patients. In this group inferior turbinate reduction seems advisable. In the wide side, the minimal cross–sectional area and the cross–sectional areas at 3.3 and 4.0 cm from the nostrils increased in the turbinectomy group and decreased in the non–turbinectomy group after correction of the septal deviation. In the group with less pronounced septal deviation no influence of turbinate reduction could be detected.
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Alhusseiny, Adil Hassan, Zakariya J. Khaleel, and Marwan S. M. Al-Nimer. "Serum low density lipoprotein receptor related protein-6 is a discriminator of occluded coronary artery assessed by coronary angiogram." Journal of Ideas in Health 2, no. 2 (2019): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.47108/jidhealth.vol2.iss2.29.
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Background: Human lipoprotein receptor-related protein -6 (LRP6) plays a role in the development of coronary artery disease. This study aimed to determine the serum level of the LRP6 in patients referred to the coronary angiogram taking into considerations the findings of coronary angiography, evidence of dyslipidemia, obesity and co-existed diabetes mellitus.
 Methods: This cross-sectional study included 96 patients who referred to coronary angiogram as an interventional diagnostic test for coronary artery disease. The patients were grouped into Group I (negative angiogram); Group IIA (non-obstructed coronary vessels, positive angiogram) and: Group IIB (obstructed coronary vessels, positive angiogram). The anthropometric measurement, blood pressure, and fasting serum lipid profile and glucose were determined. The serum levels of LRP6 were determined by using the Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA). 
 Results: A non-significant higher serum level of LRP6 observed in patients with a positive angiogram 0.175 ± 0.074 ng/ml (Group IIA) and 0.166 ± 0.063 ng/ml (Group IIB) compared with the negative angiogram (Group I: 0.160 ± 0.019 ng/ml). The area under the curve of LRP6 in patients with positive angiogram was significantly lower than that with a normal angiogram.
 Conclusion: We conclude that the serum level of LRP6 is a good discriminator of patients with coronary artery disease as the area under the curve of the serum levels of LRP6 is significantly decreased as the number of occluded coronary vessels increased.
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Kida, Yujiro, Kinji Asahina, Hirobumi Teraoka, Inna Gitelman, and Tetsuji Sato. "Twist Relates to Tubular Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Interstitial Fibrogenesis in the Obstructed Kidney." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 55, no. 7 (2007): 661–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1369/jhc.6a7157.2007.
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Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical step in renal fibrosis. It has been recently reported that a transcription factor, Twist, plays a pivotal role in metastasis of breast tumors by inducing EMT. In this study, we examined whether Twist relates to renal fibrogenesis including EMT of tubular epithelia, evaluating Twist expression level in the unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model. Kidneys of mice subjected to UUO were harvested 1, 3, 7, and 10 days after obstruction. Compared with control kidneys, Twist mRNA-level significantly increased 3 days after UUO (UUO day 3 kidney) and further augmented until 10 days after UUO. Twist expression increased in tubular epithelia of the dilated tubules and the expanded interstitial areas of UUO kidneys, where cell-proliferating appearances were frequently found in a time-dependent manner. Although a part of tubular cells in whole nephron segment were immunopositive for Twist in UUO day 7 kidneys, tubular epithelia downstream of nephron more frequently expressed Twist than upstream of nephron. In UUO day 7 kidneys, some tubular epithelia were confirmed to coexpress Twist and fibroblast-specific protein-1, a marker for EMT, indicating that Twist is involved in tubular EMT under pathological state. Twist was expressed also in a number of α-smooth muscle actin-positive myofibroblasts located in the expanded interstitial area of UUO kidneys. From these findings, the present investigation suggests that Twist is associated with tubular EMT, proliferation of myofibroblasts, and subsequent renal fibrosis in obstructed kidneys.
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Nagpal, Jyoti, Ritika Chhibber, Bhavika Sindhu, Priya Mahajan, Swati Manhas, and Sanya Makkar. "Endodontic Retreatment - A Nightmare to dentist : An Overview." Journal of Current Medical Research and Opinion 3, no. 07 (2020): 494–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.15520/jcmro.v3i07.306.
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Clinicians are regularly confronted with different choices after failure of root canal treatment. In present scenario patient prefer to retain their original teeth thats why non-surgical retreatment should be the treatment of choice. The new generation of endodontic instruments, magnification, materials and technology with the basic principles of endodontic retreatment have helped in retention of the patients natural tooth structure to form and function decreasing the need for extensively expensive prosthetic replacement in the area of implant dentistry. Surgical approach can be adopted in obstructed, calcified or non-negotiable canals.
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Kerékgyártó, Gábor. "Role of the landscape in spatial and rural development." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 47 (July 18, 2012): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/47/2424.
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The study is going to reveal the role of landscape potential in spatial and rural development based on the analyses of scientific literature. The target area of the research is three micro regions in Hajdú-Bihar county. In addition to the analyses of scientific literature the study pays attention to the assay of local development concepts and programmes. The conclusion of the study is that the analyses of landscape changes on micro regional level are obstructed by the lack of micro regional spatial development and substantive landscape plans.
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Hayes, Alison M., David G. Nykanen, Brian W. McCrindle, Jeffrey F. Smallhorn, Robert M. Freedom, and Lee N. Benson. "Use of balloon expandable stents in the palliative relief of obstructed right ventricular conduits." Cardiology in the Young 7, no. 4 (1997): 423–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951100004443.
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AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of balloon expandable stents in the relief of obstructed conduits in the right heart, and to review both the immediate success and longevity of this palliation.Methods and resultsEndovascular stents where placed in 17 children, median age 4.7 yrs (range 0.46–16.2 yrs), at a median of 1.6 yrs (range 0.33–6.7 yrs) after placement of conduits at surgery. A second stent was required in two children, either because of migration of the initial stent or residual proximal stenosis. Mean right ventricular to systemic pressure ratios were reduced from 0.77 ±0.24 to 0.50±0.13, and the minimum area of the pulmonary outflow tract increased from 24±12% to 69±26% of that expected for body surface area. Further surgery was needed in 8 patients following placement of the stent, in 5 within 10 months of implantation, due to inadequate relief of obstruction. Nonetheless, 3 of these 8 children achieved satisfactory palliation 18, 21 and 24 months prior to requiring insertion of a new conduit. Actuarial freedom from reoperation was 44% at 24 months. The remaining 9 children continue to benefit from the relief in obstruction provided by the stent at a mean interval from implantation of 24±8 months. In this group, the mean Doppler gradient across the right ventricular outflow tract was 35 ±13 mmHg (n=6).ConclusionsThese early data indicate that endovascular stents are useful in the palliation of obstructed right ventricular conduits. In the short-term, the relief of obstruction achieved is well maintained, and has either delayed or obviated the need for insertion of new conduits.
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Bø, Kari, and Ingrid Elisabeth Nygaard. "Is Physical Activity Good or Bad for the Female Pelvic Floor? A Narrative Review." Sports Medicine 50, no. 3 (2019): 471–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40279-019-01243-1.
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AbstractMore women participate in sports than ever before and the proportion of women athletes at the Olympic Games is nearly 50%. The pelvic floor in women may be the only area of the body where the positive effect of physical activity has been questioned. The aim of this narrative review is to present two widely held opposing hypotheses on the effect of general exercise on the pelvic floor and to discuss the evidence for each. Hypothesis 1: by strengthening the pelvic floor muscles (PFM) and decreasing the levator hiatus, exercise decreases the risk of urinary incontinence, anal incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse, but negatively affects the ease and safety of childbirth. Hypothesis 2: by overloading and stretching the PFM, exercise not only increases the risk of these disorders, but also makes labor and childbirth easier, as the PFM do not obstruct the exit of the fetus. Key findings of this review endorse aspects of both hypotheses. Exercising women generally have similar or stronger PFM strength and larger levator ani muscles than non-exercising women, but this does not seem to have a greater risk of obstructed labor or childbirth. Additionally, women that specifically train their PFM while pregnant are not more likely to have outcomes associated with obstructed labor. Mild-to-moderate physical activity, such as walking, decreases the risk of urinary incontinence but female athletes are about three times more likely to have urinary incontinence compared to controls. There is some evidence that strenuous exercise may cause and worsen pelvic organ prolapse, but data are inconsistent. Both intra-abdominal pressure associated with exercise and PFM strength vary between activities and between women; thus the threshold for optimal or negative effects on the pelvic floor almost certainly differs from person to person. Our review highlights many knowledge gaps that need to be understood to understand the full effects of strenuous and non-strenuous activities on pelvic floor health.
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Souayeh, Basma, Nader Ben-Cheikh, and Brahim Ben-Beya. "Periodic behavior flow of three-dimensional natural convection in a titled obstructed cubical enclosure." International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow 27, no. 9 (2017): 2030–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/hff-03-2016-0096.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine numerically the three natural convection of air induced by temperature difference between a cold outer cubic enclosure and a hot inner cylinder. Simulations have been carried out for Rayleigh numbers ranging from 103 to 107 and titled angle of the enclosure from 0° to 90°. The developed mathematical model is governed by the coupled equations of continuity, momentum and energy, and is solved by finite volume method. The effects of cylinder inclination and Rayleigh number on fluid flow and heat transfer are presented. The distribution of isocontours of temperature and isosurfaces of velocity eventually reaches a steady state in the range of Rayleigh numbers between 103 and 107 for titled inclination of 90°; however, for the remaining inclinations, Rayleigh number must be in the range 103-106 to avoid unsteady state, which is manifested by the division of the area containing the maximum local heat transfer rate into three parts for a Rayleigh number equal to 107 and an inclination of 90°. We mention that instability study is not included in the present paper, which is solely devoted to three-dimensional calculations. Results also indicate that optimal average heat transfer rate is obtained for both high Rayleigh number of 106 and high inclination of 90° for the two cases of the inner cylinder and cubical enclosure. Design/methodology/approach The manuscript deals with prediction of the three-dimensional natural convection phenomena in a cubical cavity induced by an isothermal cylinder at the center with different inclinations by simulating the flow using highly numerical methods such as finite volume method. Findings It is found that the local Nusselt number through active walls for titled inclination set at 90°, the symmetry of the flow is conserved and the area containing the maximum heat transfer is divided into three smaller areas situated near the upper portion of the wall, taking the maximum value. That may be due to the preparation of local occurrence of instabilities and bifurcation phenomena that appear for Ra > 107, which is not included in the present paper to save journal space. It was found also that an optimal heat transfer appears when the cylinder orientation becomes vertical (a = 90°). For this inclination, buoyancy forces act upward, corresponding to an aiding situation. In addition, heat transfer rate is increasing with Rayleigh numbers, so correlations of average Nusselt through the cubical cavity and the cylinder are established as function of two parameters (Ra, a). Comparisons of the numerical results with those obtained from all correlations show good agreements. Originality/value To the author’s knowledge, studies have thus far adressed three-dimensional cuboids enclosures induced by an inner shape which the location is changed. However, no study has examined three-dimensional natural convection between the inner isothermal cylinder and outer cooled cubical enclosure when the outer enclosure is tilted.
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Li, Dan, Bin Du, Zhi Heng Zhao, Wen Heng Jing, and Wei Hong Xing. "Fabrication of Organized Mesoporous TiO2 Films Assembled via Different Template and Characterization of their Photocatalytic Activity." Advanced Materials Research 669 (March 2013): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.669.95.
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Hexagonal and cubic mesoporous TiO2 materials were synthesized via a sol-gel route modified by evaporation–induced self–assembly process with different templates. XRD and TEM results confirmed that the mesoporous films were highly organized. Furthermore, the hexagonal mesoporous TiO2 films were formed in the P123-templated films, whereas the cubic structure ones were found in the F127-templated films. Both the hexagonal and cubic mesoporous films showed photocatalytic activity in decomposing methyl orange solution under UV region, among which the cubic mesostructure presented superior potocatalytic activity because of larger surface area, more open framework and less obstructed diffusion paths of guest molecules.
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Luukkainen, Annika, Jyri Myller, Tommi Torkkeli, Markus Rautiainen, and Sanna Toppila-Salmi. "Endoscopic Sinus Surgery with Antrostomy Has Better Early Endoscopic Recovery in Comparison to the Ostium-Preserving Technique." ISRN Otolaryngology 2012 (June 18, 2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/189383.
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Background. Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is considered for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) after failure of conservative therapy. Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate endoscopically ostium patency and mucosal recovery after ESS, with either maxillary sinus ostium-preserving or -enlarging techniques. Materials and Methods. Thirty patients with non-polypous CRS were enrolled. Uncinectomy-only and additional middle meatal antrostomy were randomly and single-blindly performed for each side. Pre- and postoperative endoscopic scores were semi-quantitatively determined according to findings in the ostiomeatal complex area. Adhesions, maxillary sinus mucosal swelling, secretions, and ostium obstruction were also endoscopically evaluated. In addition, symptoms were asked and computed tomography scans were taken preoperatively and 9 months postoperatively. Results. At 16 days postoperatively, a better endoscopic score and a less obstructed ostium were found with antrosomy. At 9 months postoperatively the endoscopic score improved significantly and identically with both procedures, however, obstructed ostia and sinus mucosal swelling/secretions were insignificantly more frequently found on the uncinectomy-only side. Endoscopic and radiologic findings of the maxillary sinus mucosa and ostium correlated significantly 9 months postoperatively. Conclusion. There was a good long-term mucosal recovery with both surgical procedures. In terms of early mucosal recovery and ostium patency, antrostomy might be slighly superior.
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Chinn, T. J. H. "Single Folds at the Margins of Dry-Based Glaciers as Indicators of a Glacial Advance." Annals of Glaciology 12 (1989): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260305500006911.
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Single folds which enclose the marginal “inner moraines” of the dry-based Jeremy Sykes and Alberich Glaciers, Dry Valleys area, Antarctica, are deduced to have formed during an advance of the margins of these glaciers where the thin, stiff marginal ice has obstructed glacier flow and expansion. It is suggested that the occurrence of this type of fold can be an indicator of an advance in many fully dry-based glaciers. On Alberich Glacier, the fold and associated margin forms suggest that a sequence of margin forms evolves when a small cirque glacier expands outward from a sloping ramp front to a tongue terminating in a calving ice cliff.
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Chinn, T. J. H. "Single Folds at the Margins of Dry-Based Glaciers as Indicators of a Glacial Advance." Annals of Glaciology 12 (1989): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s0260305500006911.
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Single folds which enclose the marginal “inner moraines” of the dry-based Jeremy Sykes and Alberich Glaciers, Dry Valleys area, Antarctica, are deduced to have formed during an advance of the margins of these glaciers where the thin, stiff marginal ice has obstructed glacier flow and expansion.It is suggested that the occurrence of this type of fold can be an indicator of an advance in many fully dry-based glaciers. On Alberich Glacier, the fold and associated margin forms suggest that a sequence of margin forms evolves when a small cirque glacier expands outward from a sloping ramp front to a tongue terminating in a calving ice cliff.
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Hammad, Fayez T., Suhail Al-Salam, Waheed F. Hammad, Javed Yasin, and Loay Lubbad. "Despite initial recovery of GFR, long-term renal functions deteriorate following short periods of unilateral ureteral obstruction." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 319, no. 3 (2020): F523—F533. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00096.2020.
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Following the release of short periods of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), glomerular filtration rate (GFR) recovers by time. However, research in experimental animal models has demonstrated the presence of an ongoing element of renal interstitial fibrosis a few weeks following UUO reversal. Interstitial fibrosis can cause deterioration in GFR, and it is not known whether it leads to an ongoing slow deterioration in other renal functions despite the apparent initial recovery postreversal. To investigate this, rats underwent a 72-h reversible UUO. Renal functions of nonobstructed and previously obstructed kidneys were measured 1, 4, and 18 mo postreversal. GFR in nonobstructed and previously obstructed kidneys was similar up to 18 mo postreversal. However, there was ongoing tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and the degree of tubular atrophy and dilatation deteriorated by time. This was associated with an increase in urinary albumin leakage and alterations in renal injury markers, proinflammatory and profibrotic cytokines, and p53 from 4 mo onward despite the recovery in GFR. In conclusion, several aspects of renal functions continue to deteriorate following reversal of relatively short periods of UUO despite the initial recovery in GFR. This might stimulate further research in this area and might have clinical implications in terms of determining the best time for intervention following acute ureteral obstruction and long-term monitoring of these individuals.
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Yatno, Triyatno Yatno, Febriandi Febriandi, Aprizon Putra, and Eni Kamal. "Identification of Physical Characteristics and the Change of Mangrove Region in Coastal Southern Part of Padang City, West Sumatra - Indonesia." Sumatra Journal of Disaster, Geography and Geography Education 3, no. 1 (2019): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/sjdgge.v3i1.196.
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The research about the identification of mangrove physical condition and the change of mangrove area has aims are knowing of mangrove physical condition and the change of mangrove area in the coastal region southern part of Padang city. The method used in this research is the field survey and multi-temporal satellite imagery analysis in 2001 and 2018 year. Based on the field survey at the date of August 18, 2017 generally the mangrove that found in research location i.e Rhizophora Apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Sonneratia alba, and Nypa. The spatial distribution of the mangrove ecosystem is dependent on the ecological conditions of the area as reflected by the types of mangrove vegetation that grows and develops in the research location. A decrease in mangrove area that occurred between of 2001 to the 2017 years i.e in the coastal region of Bungus bay i.e 5.54 ha, where the decrease in mangrove area occurred because some mangrove plants were cut down and made the settlement land, while in the region of Sungai Pisang bay happen to increase in mangrove area i.e 36.12 ha, where the increase in mangrove area occurred because of the region obstructed by big waves of the sea (protected small the islands).
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Pahari, Sagar, Rajeev Joshi, and Bishow Poudel. "Human-Wolf (Canis lupus) Conflict in Upper Mustang of Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal." Grassroots Journal of Natural Resources 4, no. 2 (2021): 103–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.33002/nr2581.6853.040208.
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Human-wolf conflict has been one of the major issues in the Himalayan region of Nepal. It has obstructed the sustainable management initiatives in Annapurna Conservation Area. The aim of this study is to assess the status of human-wolf conflict, conservation threats to wolf and people’s perception towards this endangered carnivore. Questionnaire survey was conducted in different wards of three rural municipalities (RM) of the Upper Mustang. Similarly, key informants were interviewed followed by several discussions with stakeholders. The results indicate “wolf’s preference for domestic livestock” as the most probable cause of depredation with IRR value 0.91. The number of victims was found highest in Lomanthang RM (ward number 2) where 90% of respondents reported to be victims. However, in terms of the loss in monetary value, Lo-Ghekar Damodarkunda RM (ward number 4) ranked highest with the loss of NRs. 55,880 (≈$479.1)/HH/year and Barhagaun Muktichhetra (ward number 3) is the least affected. Similarly, by number, mountain goat casualties (172) were highest in last 5 years, but the maximum economic loss was due to the horse depredation (NRs. 68,00,000 or $57,347.20) among sampled households. The results indicate that the negative perception of local people is the major threat to wolf. Active participation of local people in conservation and awareness program can play a vital role to reduce and mitigate the human-wolf conflict at community level.
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Al-Hamdan, Mohammad Z., James F. Cruise, Douglas L. Rickman, and Dale A. Quattrochi. "Characterization of Forested Landscapes from Remotely Sensed Data Using Fractals and Spatial Autocorrelation." Advances in Civil Engineering 2012 (2012): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/945613.
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The characterization of forested landscapes is frequently required in civil engineering practice. In this study, some spatial analysis techniques are presented that might be employed with Landsat TM data to analyze forest structure characteristics. A case study is presented wherein fractal dimensions (FDs), along with a simple spatial autocorrelation technique (Moran’sI), were related to stand density parameters of the Oakmulgee National Forest located in the southeastern United States (Alabama). The results indicate that when smaller trees do not dominate the landscape (<50%), forested areas can be differentiated according to breast sizes and thus important flood plain characteristics such as ratio of obstructed area to total area can be estimated from remotely sensed data using the studied indices. This would facilitate the estimation of hydraulic roughness coefficients for computation of flood profiles needed for bridge design. FD and Moran’sIremained fairly constant around the values of 2.7 and 0.9 (resp.) for samples with either greater than 50% saplings or less than 50% sawtimber and with ranges of 2.7–2.9 and 0.6–0.9 as the saplings decreased or the sawtimber increased. Those indices can also distinguish hardwood and softwood species facilitating forested landscapes mapping for preliminary environmental impact analysis.
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Rozman, Gilbert. "International Relations Of Northeast Asia In the US: Area Studies, Disciplines, And Regional Coverage." Journal of East Asian Studies 2, no. 1 (2002): 139–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1598240800000710.
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A preoccupation with the US and narrow notions of area studies have obstructed scholarship on the diversity of bilateral relations and the emergence of the Northeast Asian regional community. During the Cold War, for example, this meant that Sino-Japanese and Russo-Japanese ties were neglected. In the 1990s the problem became more acute because many bilateral ties intensified and acquired new dimensions. There was an outpouring of new primary and secondary sources within the region, while rapidly evolving conditions made updating of insights imperative. The gap keeps widening between the claims of globalists with little area knowledge, and the opportunities to deepen understanding by applying area expertise to the flux in bilateral and regional relations. The traditions of Chinese, Japanese and Russian area studies have proven valuable, but inadequate. There is a need for scholars who will develop approaches that navigate between global and area studies. Few specialists on Northeast Asian area relations not involving the US can be found in the US, and the situation is scarcely improving. Experts must be trained for in depth, balanced bilateral analysis. Increasingly, there is a need for triangular experts as well. Indeed, working closely with centers inside the region, the US and other Western scholarly communities should be training a new generation of Northeast Asianists comfortable as area experts while also at home in the disciplines.
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Henrich, Douglas E., Suzanne Hotson, Amelia F. Drake, and Donald W. Warren. "Monitoring Nasal and Oral Airway Patency." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 32, no. 5 (1995): 390–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/1545-1569_1995_032_0390_mnaoap_2.3.co_2.
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The hypothesis that upper airway breathing behaviors generally follow the rules of a physiologic regulating system implies the existence of sensors that monitor the airway environment. The purpose of this study was to assess the sensitivity of the monitoring system to sudden changes in airway patency in healthy, adult subjects. An instrument capable of changing airway dimensions in about 10 ms was used to assess psychophysical recognition and physiologic responses to sudden changes in airway size. Our results indicate that psychophysical recognition of change in patency occurred at a mean constriction area of 0.31 cm2. These findings suggest that recognition of change in airway size occurs well before the airway becomes flow-limiting or severely obstructed.
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Evans, Christopher G., Jason D. Lotay, and Felix Schulze. "Remarks on the self-shrinking Clifford torus." Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik (Crelles Journal) 2020, no. 765 (2020): 139–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/crelle-2019-0015.
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AbstractOn the one hand, we prove that the Clifford torus in {\mathbb{C}^{2}} is unstable for Lagrangian mean curvature flow under arbitrarily small Hamiltonian perturbations, even though it is Hamiltonian F-stable and locally area minimising under Hamiltonian variations. On the other hand, we show that the Clifford torus is rigid: it is locally unique as a self-shrinker for mean curvature flow, despite having infinitesimal deformations which do not arise from rigid motions. The proofs rely on analysing higher order phenomena: specifically, showing that the Clifford torus is not a local entropy minimiser even under Hamiltonian variations, and demonstrating that infinitesimal deformations which do not generate rigid motions are genuinely obstructed.
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Hoyos Brumbaugh, Martha Liliana, Bryan Drake, and Roman Babij. "Complicated, Complete, Indirect, Irreducible Right Inguinoscrotal Hernia." Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography 37, no. 1 (2020): 76–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8756479320962010.
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Inguinal hernias are the most common of all hernias. A complicated hernia is irreducible, and the contents are obstructed or strangulated. Sonography is considered the imaging modality of choice for the diagnosis of abnormalities of the inguinal area. This case study is about a patient with an inguinal hernia that had not been repaired and progressed into a life-threatening, complicated inguinoscrotal hernia. The patient’s complaints and clinical findings required sonographic examinations of the abdomen, pelvis, inguinal canal, and scrotum. Sonographic findings were corroborated by findings with computed tomography (CT). After the compromised intestine was resected and the hernia was repaired, the patient developed a deep vein thrombosis (DVT), identified sonographically. The patient was successfully treated and discharged.
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Prahara, Adhi, Son Ali Akbar, and Ahmad Azhari. "Texton Based Segmentation for Road Defect Detection from Aerial Imagery." International Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 4, no. 2 (2021): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.29099/ijair.v4i2.179.
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Road defect such as potholes and road cracks, became a problem that arose every year in Indonesia. It could endanger drivers and damage the vehicles. It also obstructed the goods distribution via land transportation that had major impact to the economy. To handle this problem, the government released an online complaints system that utilized information system and GPS technology. To follow up the complaints especially road defect problem, a survey was conducted to assess the damage. Manual survey became less effective for large road area and might disturb the traffic. Therefore, we used road aerial imagery captured by Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The proposed method used texton combined with K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN) to segment the road area and Support Vector Machine (SVM) to detect the road defect. Morphological operation followed by blob analysis was performed to locate, measure, and determine the type of defect. The experiment showed that the proposed method able to segment the road area and detect road defect from aerial imagery with good Boundary F1 score.
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Ramani, Kritika, Roderick J. Tan, Dong Zhou, et al. "IL-17 Receptor Signaling Negatively Regulates the Development of Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis in the Kidney." Mediators of Inflammation 2018 (October 14, 2018): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5103672.
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Chronic inflammation has an important role in the development and progression of most fibrotic diseases, for which no effective treatments exist. Tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TF) is characterized by irreversible deposition of fibrous tissue in chronic kidney diseases. Prolonged injurious stimuli and chronic inflammation regulate downstream events that lead to TF. In recent years, interleukin-17 (IL-17) has been strongly linked to organ fibrosis. However, the role of IL-17 receptor signaling in TF is an active area of debate. Using the unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mouse model of TF, we show that IL-17 receptor A-deficient mice (Il17ra−/−) exhibit increased TF in the obstructed kidney. Consequently, overexpression of IL-17 restored protection in mice with UUO. Reduced renal expression of matrix-degrading enzymes results in failure to degrade ECM proteins, thus contributing to the exaggerated TF phenotype in Il17ra−/− mice. We demonstrate that the antifibrotic kallikrein-kinin system (KKS) is activated in the obstructed kidney in an IL-17-dependent manner. Accordingly, Il17ra−/− mice receiving bradykinin, the major end-product of KKS activation, prevents TF development by upregulating the expression of matrix-degrading enzymes. Finally, we show that treatment with specific agonists for bradykinin receptor 1 or 2 confers renal protection against TF. Overall, our results highlight an intriguing link between IL-17 and activation of KKS in protection against TF, the common final outcome of chronic kidney conditions leading to devastating end-stage renal diseases.
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NAGAOKA, Hideo, Ryuichi INNAMI, and Shin TONOUCHI. "Surgery of the ischemic heart disease in the rural area of Japan. Coronary artery bypass grafting to completely obstructed coronary artery." JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL MEDICINE 37, no. 2 (1988): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2185/jjrm.37.71.
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Roithmann, Renato, Jerry Chapnik, Noe Zamel, Sergio Menna Barreto, and Philip Cole. "Acoustic Rhinometric Assessment of the Nasal Valve." American Journal of Rhinology 11, no. 5 (1997): 379–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/105065897781286016.
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The aims of this study are to assess nasal valve cross-sectional areas in healthy noses and in patients with nasal obstruction after rhinoplasty and to evaluate the effect of an external nasal dilator on both healthy and obstructive nasal valves. Subjects consisted of (i) volunteers with no nasal symptoms, nasal cavities unremarkable to rhinoscopy and normal nasal resistance and (ii) patients referred to our clinic complaining of postrhinoplasty nasal obstruction. All subjects were tested before and after topical decongestion of the nasal mucosa and with an external nasal dilator. In 79 untreated healthy nasal cavities the nasal valve area showed two constrictions: the proximal constriction averaged 0.78 cm2 cross-section and was situated 1.18 cm from the nostril, the distal constriction averaged 0.70 cm2 cross-section at 2.86 cm from the nostril. Mucosal decongestion increased cross-sectional area of the distal constriction significantly (p < 0.0001) but not the proximal. External dilation increased cross-sectional area of both constrictions significantly (p < 0.0001). In 26 post-rhinoplasty obstructed nasal cavities, only a single constriction was detected, averaging 0.34 cm2 cross-section at 2.55 cm from the nostril and 0.4 cm2 at 2.46 cm from the nostril, before and after mucosal decongestion respectively. External dilation increased the minimum cross-sectional area to 0.64 cm2 in these nasal cavities (p < 0.0001). We conclude that the nasal valve area in patients with postrhinoplasty nasal obstruction is significantly smaller than in healthy nasal cavities as shown by acoustic rhinometry. Acoustic rhinometry objectively determines the structural and mucovascular components of the nasal valve area and external dilation is an effective therapeutical approach in the management of nasal valve obstruction.
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Tolentino, Lorenzo, Mahlet Yigeremu, Sisay Teklu, et al. "Three-dimensional camera anthropometry to assess risk of cephalopelvic disproportion-related obstructed labour in Ethiopia." Interface Focus 9, no. 5 (2019): 20190036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2019.0036.
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Cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD)-related obstructed labour requires delivery via Caesarean section (C/S); however, in low-resource settings around the world, facilities with C/S capabilities are often far away. This paper reports three low-cost tools to assess the risk of CPD, well before labour, to provide adequate time for referral and planning for delivery. We performed tape measurement- and three-dimensional (3D) camera-based anthropometry, using two 3D cameras (Kinect and Structure) on primigravida, gestational age ≥ 36 weeks, from Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Novel risk scores were developed and tested to identify models with the highest predicted area under the receiver-operator characteristic curve (AUC), detection rate (true positive rate at a 5% false-positive rate, FPR) and triage rate (true negative rate at a 0% false-negative rate). For tape measure, Kinect and Structure, the detection rates were 53%, 61% and 64% (at 5% FPR), the triage rates were 30%, 56% and 63%, and the AUCs were 0.871, 0.908 and 0.918, respectively. Detection rates were 77%, 80% and 84% at the maximum J -statistic, which corresponded to FPRs of 10%, 15% and 11%, respectively, for tape measure, Kinect and Structure. Thus, tape measurement anthropometry was a very good predictor and Kinect and Structure anthropometry were excellent predictors of CPD risk.
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Pitiakoudis, Michael, Michael Koukourakis, Alexandra Giatromanolaki, Alexandra Tsaroucha, Alexandros Polychronidis, and Costantinos Simopoulos. "Phytobezoars as a cause of small bowel obstruction associated with a carcinoid tumor of the ileocecal area: Report of a case." Acta chirurgica Iugoslavica 50, no. 2 (2003): 131–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/aci0302131p.
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Background: Carcinoid tumors are slowly growing malignant neoplasms associated with an indolent clinical course. About 60% of such tumors are located within the gastrointestinal tract. Case Report: We describe an unusual case of small bowel obstruction associated with of a carcinoid tumor of the ileum. A 70-year-old woman was presented with abdominal pain, vomiting, and clinical signs of mechanical bowel obstruction. X-ray and CT-scan of the abdomen showed hydroaeric levels and the presence of intraluminal hyper-dense ?stones?, presumably of gallbladder origin. A diagnostic laparotomy revealed that a large part of the final ileus was edematous, with prominent evidence of intestinal loop adhesions. The edematous part of the ileum was resected. Incision of the intestinal wall revealed a 2-cm soft mass at 8 cm from the ileocecal valve, where the presence of ten fruit pits obstructed the intestinal cavity. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a carcinoid tumor. Conclusion: An interesting case of small-bowel obstruction with a double cause is presented: an ileal carcinoid and fruit pit bezoars. The pathophysiology of the obstruction is discussed.
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Tokunaga, Ryuma, Hiromitsu Hayashi, Toshiro Masuda, et al. "Tumor Compression–Induced Portal Obstruction and Selective Transarterial Chemoembolization Increase Functional Liver Volume in the Unobstructed Area, Facilitating Successful Resection of a Large HCC." International Surgery 98, no. 4 (2013): 388–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.9738/intsurg-d-13-00013.1.
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Abstract A 62-year-old man with hepatitis B was admitted for treatment of a large hepatocellular carcinoma. The right portal vein was completely obstructed by tumor compression. Although we initially planned a right trisectionectomy as curative hepatectomy, the percentage of future remnant liver volume (%RLV) and the percentage of functional liver volume (%RFLV) were 31.2% and 41.3%, respectively. Because %RFLV showed marginal tolerability for curative hepatectomy and %RLV was very low, we opted for transarterial chemoembolization of segment IV and the right lobe containing the tumor as an approach to selectively reduce liver volume and abolish liver function. One month later, %RLV and %RFLV had dramatically increased to 46.6% and 67.2%, resulting in curative hepatectomy. Our results suggest that tumor compression–induced portal obstruction and selective transarterial chemoembolization increase %RFLV much more than %RLV. This may represent a useful approach in preoperative management in patients with large hepatocellular carcinomas to improve %RFLV for hepatic resection.
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Zhao, Xiaosong, and Yuanbo Liu. "Relative Contribution of the Topographic Influence on the Triangle Approach for Evapotranspiration Estimation over Mountainous Areas." Advances in Meteorology 2014 (2014): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/584040.
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Evapotranspiration (ET) is an important component of the water budget. Estimation ET through remote sensing over a mountainous terrain is typically obstructed by topographic effects. In this paper, topographic corrections were applied to ET estimates using the surface-air temperature difference-Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ((Ts-Ta)-NDVI) triangle method with MODIS data for the Taihu Basin in China. The effect of topography on ET was evaluated over an area with a complex terrain. After applying the topographic correction, the results indicate that the ET decreased with elevation and slope. The slope had a stronger impact on ET than the elevation, which caused the corrected ET to decrease by 90% from 6.8 mm day−1to 0.6 mm day−1for slopes over 50°. On average, the corrected ET decreased by 10.4% and 32.1% for north- and south-facing slopes, respectively. The ET corrected using the triangle method strongly depended on the evaporative fraction correction, which can mainly be attributed to the surface temperature correction. We conclude that a topographic correction is necessary when the triangle method is applied to areas with a complex terrain.
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Eska, Andrita Ceriana. "Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC) around Building Environment for MS Communication at The Train." EMITTER International Journal of Engineering Technology 6, no. 2 (2018): 386–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.24003/emitter.v6i2.279.
Full textAbstract:
This paper focused at communication systems when train moved. The communication propagation was influenced by building environment. The communication condition that used uplink direction. Mobile station was placed inside the train where moved with 500 km/hour velocity. The analysis was used consists of Doppler effect, atmospheric, and building environment. The variation communication frequency was used consists of 2.6 GHz, 5 GHz, and 10 GHz. Diffraction mechanism caused building was used single knife edge method. The result was showed SNR value from the communication frequency variation, distance comparison between LOS and NLOS, alteration adaptive modulation and coding (AMC), and coverage area percentage. Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) was used for AMC consists of QPSK, 16 QAM, and 64 QAM. Decreases of SNR value can be occured when communication distance for NLOS condition farther then LOS condition. That distance became increases because was obstructed with high building. Changeable of AMC value was caused propagation condition. The coverage area percentage when communication frequency that was used consists of 2.6 GHz, 5 GHz, and 10 GHz was obtained 88.4%, 88.4%, and 81.7%.
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Nakayama, M., Y. Seino, M. Okamoto, and T. Matsuki. "‘Flaccid neoglottis’ following supracricoid partial laryngectomy: laryngoscopic revision assisted by navigation system." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 125, no. 12 (2011): 1315–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215111002386.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractObjective:Supracricoid partial laryngectomy is a reliable laryngeal preservation procedure for tumour stage 2 and selected stage 3 to 4 laryngeal cancers. Of 70 patients thus treated, two (3 per cent) had ‘flaccid neoglottis’, i.e. redundant mucosa at the inner arytenoid edge which intermittently obstructed the neoglottis. We discuss the mechanism and management of this complication.Method:The two cases are presented. A navigation system was used to assist surgery. Neoglottal spatial alteration (specifically cross-sectional area) was assessed pre- and post-operatively using three-dimensional computed tomography. Voice was also evaluated.Results:Inspiratory stridor and delayed stomal closure were the main symptoms. Minimum neoglottal cross-sectional area was smaller in case one than in non-affected patients. Both patients had relatively rougher and breathier voices, but had adapted well to this.Conclusion:Flaccid neoglottis is mainly due to excessive anterior retraction of residual laryngeal mucosa and to excessive mucosal pliability with age. A navigation system was useful for confirmation, but the potential for incorrect image recognition should be kept in mind. Flaccid neoglottis was treatable, with improved laryngeal function.
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Ozawa, Nobuhiro, Kiwako Mori, Yusaku Katada, Kazuo Tsubota, and Toshihide Kurihara. "Efficacy of the Newly Invented Eyelid Clamper in Ultra-Widefield Fundus Imaging." Life 10, no. 12 (2020): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life10120323.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Ultra-widefield fundus imaging is widely used for obtaining wide angle images of the retina in one single image. Although it has a potential to obtain a wide area of retinal photographs, images are often obstructed by eyelashes or eye lids. In this study, we used a newly invented eyelid clamper, which can keep an eye open without touching conjunctiva or lid margin, to assess the efficacy in clinical use by comparing with conventional tape fixation. Methods: Ultra-widefield fundus images were captured with an ultra-widefield imaging system in 19 patients who visited to the outpatient clinic of Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University Hospital with the eyelid clamper or a conventional tape fixation. The area of imaged retinas was outlined and quantified with pixels. After obtaining images, patients answered a questionnaire. Results: The average number of pixels in total areas with the eyelid clamper or with tape fixation were 4.31 ± 0.35 and 4.32 ± 0.34 mega pixels, respectively, showing no significant difference between the groups (p = 0.889). The average face pain scale of the eyelid clamper was 1.13 on a scale of 0 to 5. The number of patients who did not feel any pain was nine (47.4%). Conclusions: The eyelid clamper can be applied in clinical setting and can better support obtaining sufficiently wide fundus images compared to a conventional tape fixation.