Academic literature on the topic 'Obstruent production'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Obstruent production.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Obstruent production"
1
CARDOSO, AMANDA. "Variation in nasal–obstruent clusters and its influence on price and mouth in Scouse." English Language and Linguistics 19, no. 3 (August 17, 2015): 505–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1360674315000192.
Full textAbstract:
This article has two main goals: (i) to show how nasal–obstruent clusters interact with a Canadian-Raising-type pattern in Liverpool English and (ii) to provide evidence that fine phonetic variation in the realisation of nasal–obstruent clusters influences the production of the preceding vowels. I present quantitative evidence from an acoustic study on price and mouth vowel realisations before nasal–obstruent clusters in Liverpool English. The investigation looks at price and mouth separately before obstruents, nasals and nasal–obstruent clusters, in order to demonstrate that nasal–obstruent clusters influence vowels differently depending on the quality of the vowel. Price realisations before nasal–obstruent clusters are similar to productions before singleton obstruents with the same voicing. Specifically, price has a raised realisation before nasal–voiceless obstruent clusters, but a non-raised realisation before nasal–voiced obstruent clusters, which is the same pattern as before singleton obstruents. Mouth realisations preceding nasal–obstruent clusters show evidence of a greater influence from the nasal. The nucleus formant measurements are similar to those before singleton obstruents, but there is frequent monophthongisation preceding nasal–obstruent clusters in mouth, which is mainly found before singleton nasals. Furthermore, I show that the variation in nasal–obstruent clusters in Liverpool English helps to explain the differences in realisation of the target vowels. Nasal deletion is more frequent in nasal–voiceless obstruent clusters following price, leading to vowel productions similar to those before singleton voiceless obstruents. However, nasal durations are longer in nasal–obstruent clusters following mouth, leading to a greater influence of the nasal in the form of more monophthongal vowel productions.
2
Ahmed al-Charrakh, Zainab S., and Mahdi I. Kareem al-Utbi. "Simplification Strategies in the Production of English Word-final Obstruent Clusters by Iraqi EFL College Students from A Markedness Theory Perspective." Advances in Language and Literary Studies 9, no. 6 (December 28, 2018): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.9n.6p.120.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigates the phonotactics of English obstruent clusters in the word-final position from a markedness theory perspective among Iraqi EFL College Students whose native language, Arabic, prefers only two-member word-final obstruent cluster as a maximum. The markedness of clusters is measured depending on Iraqi EFL College Students’ utilization of the simplification strategies. This study tries to answer whether or not word-final obstruent clusters are marked or unmarked for Iraqi EFL College Students, and whether or not the markedness of the obstruent cluster increases as to its length. In order to answer these questions, a test has been distributed among 60 Iraqi EFL Fourth-Year College students, Department of English, College of Arts-University of Baghdad for the academic year 2017-2018 involving a list of words and sentences containing word-final obstruent clusters. The study concludes that word-final obstruent clusters are marked due to the fact that the obstruents are universally marked in the coda. The four-member obstruent clusters are more marked than the three-member obstruent clusters which are in turn more marked than the two-member obstruent clusters.
3
Myers, Scott. "Regressive voicing assimilation: Production and perception studies." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 40, no. 2 (July 8, 2010): 163–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100309990284.
Full textAbstract:
Many languages have a phonological pattern of regressive voicing assimilation, according to which an obstruent is required to match a following obstruent in voicing (e.g. Russian, Sanskrit). This restriction on the distribution of categories has parallels in the phonetic fact that an obstruent has a longer interval of glottal pulsing when it occurs before a voiced sound than when it occurs before a voiceless sound. It is proposed that the phonological pattern arises diachronically through a reanalysis of the phonetic pattern, beginning with a tendency for listeners to identify an obstruent before another obstruent as matching the latter in voicing. This paper reports on two experiments designed to test premises of this account. A production study explores how obstruent voicing in English is affected by voicing in a following segment. A perception study explores how the identification of voicing categories is impacted by the acoustic effects of following segment context. It is found that listeners tend to identify a fricative as voiceless if it is drawn from the position before a voiceless obstruent, but that a following voiced segment has no significant effect on voicing class identification. Implications for the diachronic account of regressive voicing assimilation are discussed.
4
Schwartz, Geoffrey. "Initial Glottalization and Final Devoicing in Polish English." Research in Language 10, no. 2 (June 30, 2012): 159–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10015-011-0044-7.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents an acoustic study of the speech of Polish leaners of English. The experiment was concerned with English sequences of the type George often, in which a word-final voiced obstruent was followed by a word-initial vowel. Acoustic measurements indicated the degree to which learners transferred Polish-style glottalization on word-initial vowels into their L2 speech. Temporal parameters associated with the production of final voiced obstruents in English were also measured. The results suggest that initial glottalization may be a contributing factor to final devoicing errors. Adopting English-style ‘liaison’ in which the final obstruent is syllabified as an onset to the initial vowel is argued to be a useful goal for English pronunciation syllabi. The implications of the experiment for phonological theory are also discussed. A hierarchical view of syllabic structures proposed in the Onset Prominence environment allows for the non-arbitrary representation of word boundaries in both Polish and English.
5
Robb, Michael P., and Allan B. Smith. "Fundamental Frequency Onset and Offset Behavior." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 45, no. 3 (June 2002): 446–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2002/035).
Full textAbstract:
Short-term changes in vowel fundamental frequency (F 0 ) immediately preceding (F 0 offset) and following (F 0 onset) production of voiceless obstruents were examined in groups of 4-year-olds, 8-year-olds, and 21-year-olds. Definitive patterns of laryngeal behavior were observed for each measure. F 0 was found to significantly lower at vowel offset across age groups, with no significant differences noted between groups, suggesting that F 0 offset is simply an acoustic consequence of producing a voiceless obstruent preceded by a vowel. The F 0 at vowel onset was high and significantly decreased thereafter. Age-related differences were identified for F 0 onset with 4-year-olds in that their F 0 rose to a lesser degree than that of adults. However, adult females demonstrated a greater change in both F 0 onset and F 0 offset behavior than adult males and children, suggesting that age-related differences in F 0 behavior are likely to be influenced by sex. The results are discussed with regard to the physiologic constraints of F 0 surrounding voiceless obstruent production in children and adults.
6
Sanoudaki, Eirini. "Towards a Typology of Word-initial Consonant Clusters: Evidence from the Acquisition of Greek." Journal of Greek Linguistics 10, no. 1 (2010): 74–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156658410x495826.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractIn this paper, I study the production of consonant clusters by Greek children and examine the consequences of the acquisition data for phonological theory, with particular emphasis on the word-initial position. Using a non-word repetition test, I tested the order of acquisition of wordinitial and word-medial s+obstruent (sT), obstruent-obstruent (TT) and obstruent-sonorant (TR) clusters in 59 children. The results provide evidence against any analysis that assigns identical status to word-initial sT and word-initial TT, such as models of extrasyllabicity, and lend support to an alternative analysis of the beginning of the word, based on Lowenstamm's (1999) initial ON hypothesis and CVCV theory (Scheer 2004).
7
Alenazi, Areej Rakha. "The Production of English Coda Clusters by Aljouf Arabic Speakers." International Journal of English Linguistics 6, no. 2 (March 29, 2016): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v6n2p34.
Full textAbstract:
<p>This study examines how Aljouf Arabic speakers deal with English coda clusters containing two consonants, which will help in addressing the modification strategies used by the participants to simplify clusters. In addition, the study aims to examine whether or not markedness—based on the sonority distance—has an effect on the participants’ pronunciation. Fifteen native speakers of the Aljouf Arabic dialect were asked to read a list of twenty-five nonwords that took into account the sonority distance between C1 and C2 in clusters. In general, the results showed that the participants tended to modify English coda clusters. They used two strategies to modify the clusters: epenthesis and deletion. Markedness based on sonority distance did not provide an explanation for participants' performance. Coda clusters in which the sonority distance is two were modified by all participants. On the other hand, some clusters in which the sonority distance is less than two were pronounced correctly by most of the participants. The clusters which were correctly pronounced by most of the participants include nasal- obstruent clusters and an obstruent-obstruent cluster.</p>
8
Fuchs, Susanne. "Articulatory correlates of the voicing contrast in alveolar obstruent production in German." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 41 (January 1, 2005): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.41.2005.268.
Full textAbstract:
This work investigates laryngeal and supralaryngeal correlates of the voicing contrast in alveolar obstruent production in German. It further studies laryngealoral co-ordination observed for such productions. Three different positions of the obstruents are taken into account: the stressed, syllable initial position, the post-stressed intervocalic position, and the post-stressed word final position. For the latter the phonological rule of final devoicing applies in German. The different positions are chosen in order to study the following hypotheses:
1. The presence/absence of glottal opening is not a consistent correlate of the voicing contrast in German.
2. Supralaryngeal correlates are also involved in the contrast.
3. Supralaryngeal correlates can compensate for the lack of distinction in laryngeal adjustment.
Including the word final position is motivated by the question whether neutralization in word final position would be complete or whether some articulatory residue of the contrast can be found.
Two experiments are carried out. The first experiment investigates glottal abduction in co-ordination with tongue-palate contact patterns by means of simultaneous recordings of transillumination, fiberoptic films and Electropalatography (EPG). The second experiment focuses on supralaryngeal correlates of alveolar stops studied by means of Electromagnetic Articulography (EMA) simultaneously with EPG. Three German native speakers participated in both recordings. Results of this study provide evidence that the first hypothesis holds true for alveolar stops when different positions are taken into account. In fricative production it is also confirmed since voiceless and voiced fricatives are most of the time realised with glottal abduction. Additionally, supralaryngeal correlates are involved in the voicing contrast under two perspectives. First, laryngeal and supralaryngeal movements are well synchronised in voiceless obstruent production, particularly in the stressed position. Second, supralaryngeal correlates occur especially in the post-stressed intervocalic position. Results are discussed with respect to the phonetics-phonology interface, to the role of timing and its possible control, to the interarticulatory co-ordination, and to stress as 'localised hyperarticulation'.
9
Davidson, Lisa, and Colin Wilson. "Processing nonnative consonant clusters in the classroom: Perception and production of phonetic detail." Second Language Research 32, no. 4 (July 8, 2016): 471–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267658316637899.
Full textAbstract:
Recent research has shown that speakers are sensitive to non-contrastive phonetic detail present in nonnative speech (e.g. Escudero et al. 2012; Wilson et al. 2014). Difficulties in interpreting and implementing unfamiliar phonetic variation can lead nonnative speakers to modify second language forms by vowel epenthesis and other changes. These difficulties may be exacerbated in the classroom, as previous studies have found that classroom acoustics have a detrimental effect on listeners’ ability to identify nonnative sounds and words (e.g. Takata and Nábělek, 1990). Here we compare the effects of two acoustic environments – a sound booth and a classroom – on English speakers’ ability to process and produce unfamiliar consonant sequences in an immediate shadowing task. A number of acoustic–phonetic properties were manipulated to create variants of word-initial obstruent–obstruent and obstruent–nasal clusters. The acoustic manipulations significantly affected English speakers’ correct productions and detailed error patterns in both the sound booth and the classroom, suggesting that the relevant acoustic detail is not substantially degraded by classroom acoustics. However, differences in the response patterns in the two environments indicate that the classroom setting does affect how speakers interpret nonnative phonetic detail for the purpose of determining their production targets.
10
Skarnitzl, Radek, and Pavel Šturm. "Pre-fortis shortening in Czech English: A production and reaction-time study." Research in Language 14, no. 1 (March 30, 2016): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rela-2016-0005.
Full textAbstract:
This study focuses on the production and perception of English words with a fortis vs. lenis obstruent in the syllable coda. The contrast is mostly cued by the duration of the preceding vowel, which is shorter before fortis than before lenis sounds in native speech. In the first experiment we analyzed the production of 10 Czech speakers of English and compared them to two native controls. The results showed that the Czech speakers did not sufficiently exploit duration to cue the identity of the word-final obstruent. In the second experiment we manipulated C and V durations in target words to transplant the native ratios onto the Czech-accented speech, enhancing the fortis–lenis contrast, and vice versa. 108 listeners took part in a word-monitoring task in which reaction times were measured. The hypothesized advantage to items in which the target word (with a fortis or lenis obstruent) was semantically congruent with the following context was not confirmed, and subsequent analyses showed that the words’ frequency of use and the collocations they enter into strongly affect speech processing and correlate to a large degree with the reaction times.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Obstruent production"
1
Fuchs, Susanne. "Articulatory correlates of the voicing contrast in alveolar obstruent production in German." Thesis, Queen Margaret University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.417659.
Full text
2
Dean, Karie Lindsay. "The Effect of a Pseudopalate on Voiceless Obstruent Production: A Spectral Evaluation of Adaptation." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2490.pdf.
Full text
3
Williams, Megan C. "A perceptual evaluation of the effect of a pseudopalate on voiceless obstruent production and motor adaptation /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2009. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2975.pdf.
Full text
4
Williams, Megan Ann Cannon. "A Perceptual Evaluation of the Effect of a Pseudopalate on Voiceless Obstruent Production and Motor Adaptation." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2009. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1724.
Full textAbstract:
Electropalatography (EPG) has proven to be a useful clinical and research tool for measuring tongue-to-palate contact. Research has shown sensorimotor adaptation to an EPG device may be possible following a short period of speech practice. This study was developed in order to better understand how a listeners' perception of speech clarity is effected by the presence of a relatively thin artificial pseudopalate in the speakers' oral cavity. Twenty listeners rated 220 speech stimuli on a visual analog scale ranging from normal to very distorted speech clarity. The stimuli included two different American English sentences. Speech clarity ratings were looked at as a function of the gender of the listener, the gender of the speaker, the type of speech sounds being heard, and the ability of the speakers to adapt their articulatory patterns over a period of 20 minutes. The results indicated that with the pseudopalate in place male speakers were generally rated by the listeners as having more distorted speech articulation than female speakers, especially for stop-loaded sentences. Overall, fricative-loaded sentences received higher articulation ratings than stop-loaded sentences. Finally, an adaptation period of 20 minutes showed significant improvement in speech articulation in comparison to ratings immediately following pseudopalate placement, however speech remained significantly distorted.
5
Wing, Lindsey McCall. "Native Mandarin Speakers' Production of English Fricatives as a Function of Linguistic Task Type and Word Position: A Spectral Moment Analysis." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7313.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to analyze the phonetic production of fricatives across differing word positions and task types. Further knowledge about the fricative production of second language learners of English would potentially improve the ability to teach correct pronunciation and improve the productivity of second language programs. All participants in this study were native speakers of Mandarin Chinese with English as their second language. A total of 12 subjects participated, all of whom had English proficiency ratings ranging from novice to advanced. The speakers were between 21-51 years of age, with each speaker having between 2 to 6 years of experience learning English in their country of origin. Using acoustic and spectral moment analyses, the acoustic nature of four types of fricative productions (/f/, /θ/, /s/, and /ʃ/) were analyzed as a function of linguistic task type and word position. Although a number of measures were found to differ significantly as a function of word position and task type, the majority of statistical analyses were not found to be significant. This lack of significance may be due to the specific methodology used, the speakers<'> atypical voicing patterns, and/or decreased length of sound productions. Findings of this study may indicate that second language learners<'> production of fricatives vary minimally across differing word positions and task types.
6
Nissen, Shawn L. "An Acoustic Analysis of Voiceless Obstruents Produced by Adults and Typically Developing Children." The Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1041225568.
Full text
7
Lau, Wan Sheung Christine. "Comparisons on the production of word-final voiced obstruents in English by Hong Kong born students and Mandarin Chinese." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2004. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/565.
Full text
8
Zitting, Rachel McPherson. "Perceptual Proficiency Ratings of Obstruent Productions in L2 Learners of English as a Function of Speech Task Type, Word Position, and Listener Expertise." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7315.
Full textAbstract:
Second language (L2) learners of English must learn to produce English phonemes, words, and sentences. These L2 learners make many errors when learning English; they may change the place or manner of articulation, insert vowels, or delete consonants. Obstruent sounds, such as fricatives, affricates, and stops, can be especially difficult for L2 learners. This study analyzed native English speakers<'> perception of the quality of obstruents produced by native Mandarin Chinese and Korean speakers. Target words containing obstruents had been produced in three different tasks: in a carrier phrase, in a paragraph, and in a spontaneous speech sample. Obstruents were produced in word-initial position and word-final position. Raters with differing levels of expertise listened to these words and rated the perceptual quality of the obstruents within the words. This study found that overall, English obstruent productions by native Mandarin and Korean L2 speakers learning English were rated most clear when produced in word-initial position in a carrier phrase or a paragraph. The lowest ratings given were of obstruents in word-final position in spontaneous speech. No significant differences were found for listener expertise level. Combined with future research, results from this study will help educate the field of second language instruction as to how the speech of Korean and Mandarin learners of English is perceived. It also provides additional information on the effect that listener expertise has on the judgment of L2 speech production.
9
Kharlamov, Viktor. "Incomplete Neutralization and Task Effects in Experimentally-elicited Speech: Evidence from the Production and Perception of Word-final Devoicing in Russian." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/22809.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation investigates the role of grammatical versus methodological influences in the production and perception of final devoicing in experimentally-elicited speech from Russian. It addresses the question of how the partial preservation of the phonological voicing contrast in word-final obstruents is affected by (i) task-independent factors that reflect phonological and lexical properties of stimuli words (underlying voicing, word length, lexical competition) and (ii) task-dependent biases that arise due to the nature of the experimental task performed by the speaker (availability of orthographic inputs, presence of minimal pairs among the stimuli). Results of a series of acoustic production and perceptual identification tasks reveal that task-dependent factors account for the presence of robust and perceptually salient differences in the parameter of phonetic voicing. Several types of stimuli items also show limited but statistically significant differences in closure/frication duration and release duration that are independent of the presence of orthography or inclusion of full minimal pairs among test items. Taken together, these findings indicate that non-grammatical factors can play a prominent biasing role in both production and perception of the voicing contrast in experimentally-elicited speech, such that certain voicing-dependent cues are maintained only in the presence of task-dependent pressures. However, not all incompletely neutralized differences between phonologically voiced versus voiceless final obstruents can be attributed to the effects of orthography or inclusion of minimal pairs among the stimuli. In the theoretical domain, these results are argued to favour a less restrictive definition of neutralization and a model of phonology that views devoicing as a loss of the primary acoustic cue to the underlying voicing contrast rather than complete identity of the [voiced] feature.
10
Ramírez, Vera Carlos Julio. "Production and Perception of the Epenthetic Vowel in Obstruent + Liquid Clusters in Spanish: an Analysis of the Prosodic and Phonetic Cues Used by L1 and L2 Speakers." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/32869.
Full textAbstract:
This study hypothesizes that the Epenthetic Vowel (EV) that occurs in Spanish consonant clusters, although produced unconsciously, is part of the articulatory plan of the speaker. As part of the plan, the epenthetic vowel occurs more often in the least perceptually recoverable contexts in order to enhance them. To achieve a better understanding of the role of the epenthetic vowel, this study shows that the linguistic and phonotactic contexts condition the occurrence of these vowels. Specifically, it argues that linguistic and phonotactic contexts that are perceptually weak compel a significantly higher occurrence of EVs.
The EV was analyzed from both production and perceptual standpoints. The results show that from the production standpoint, the occurrence of the EV is affected by the type of liquid that forms the clusters: in clusters with /r/ the variables that made a statistical contribution were post-tonic position (odds ratio, 4.46), and voiceless consonants (odds ratio, 1.42). In the case of clusters with /l/ an EV has a higher probability of occurring in the context of bilabial consonants (odds ratio, 4.19), and voiceless consonants (odds ratio, 1.3). As for the effects of speech rate on the duration of EVs, the results show that speech rate accounts for 14% of the variation in an EV’s length.
From the standpoint of perception, listening was divided into the tasks of perceptual identification and perceptual discrimination. The results show that the strongest predictor is the interaction voiceless x post-tonic position (odds ratio, 4.8). For the identification of the Cr clusters, the strongest predictor is the context of voiceless consonants (odds ratio, 4.42). Regarding identification of the Cl clusters, the strongest predictors are the tonic position (odds ratio, 1.54) and the labial place of articulation (odds ratio, 1.39). With regard to the discrimination of the Cr clusters, the strongest predictors for perceptual recoverability are the interaction voiceless x post-tonic position (odds ratio, 2.22), and the labial place of articulation (odds ratio, 1.37), while for the Cl cluster, the strongest predictors are the tonic position (odds ratio, 5.83) and voiceless consonants (odds ratio, 3).
Books on the topic "Obstruent production"
1
Dmitrieva, Olga. Production of geminate consonants in Russian. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198754930.003.0003.
Full textAbstract:
Typology of geminate consonants demonstrates a number of contextual and manner restrictions the origin of which is not well understood. The present study examines the hypothesis that geminates are restricted to certain contexts, such as intervocalic, and certain manners of articulation, such as obstruents, because the durational differences between geminates and singletons are especially pronounced in these cases. Duration of geminates and singletons in Russian was examined in naturalistic speech and in non-words to determine the effect of contextual and manner factors. Results showed that, although the absolute duration of both geminates and singletons varied significantly under the effects of contextual and manner factors, the amount of difference between geminates and singletons remained stable. The results of this study, combined with other cross-linguistic evidence, suggest that asymmetry in the extent of geminate lengthening across contexts and manners of articulation is not a likely cause of the observed typology.
2
Zuraw, Kie. Quantitative component interaction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198778264.003.0006.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter examines the phonological rule of nasal substitution in Tagalog, specifically its rate of application in different constructions. Nasal substitution can occur whenever a prefix that ends in /ŋ/ attaches to a stem beginning with an obstruent, as in /maŋ + bigáj/ → [mamigáj] ‘to distribute’. Different prefixes trigger nasal substitution at different rates. This is similar to cases in which word-internal syntactic structure determines how and whether a phonological rule applies (e.g. Newell and Piggott 2014), but different because none of these words’ syntactic structure absolutely prevents nasal substitution, such as by placing a phase boundary between the prefix and stem. The focus of the chapter is on laying out the data, but it does suggest three possible interpretations: variable syntactic structure, a phonology directly sensitive to prefix identity, or competition between productive syntactic structure and lexicalized pronunciation.
3
Meyer, Christian, J. Streeck, and J. Scott Jordan, eds. Intercorporeality. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190210465.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Drawing on Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s concept of “intercorporeality,” this book offers a new multidisciplinary perspective on human interaction. Intercorporeality is presented as an alternative to conceptions of the body that increasingly obstruct productive dialogue and collaboration between the disciplines. Examples of such conceptions include notions of the body as a container of psychic phenomena, a medium of outward expression, or a vehicle of social processes. Instead, this book conceives of the living body in terms of its interaction with other bodies and its openness to and engagement with the material and cultural world. Intercorporeality synthesizes converging approaches to embodiment into a new empirically saturated theoretical conception that will serve as an integrated framework for future research on “multimodal” interaction in the context of complex, material contexts of human life and action. Bringing together theory and empirical research from a variety of disciplines, the contributions to Intercorporeality share a foundation in phenomenology, pragmatism, and philosophical anthropology, on the one hand, and advanced interaction research, on the other.
Book chapters on the topic "Obstruent production"
1
Recasens, Daniel. "Labial softening." In Phonetic Causes of Sound Change, 133–70. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198845010.003.0005.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter is about the palatalization and assibilation of labial and nasal stops, and of labiodental fricatives. Based on several diachronic pathways, it presents the hypothesis that labial softening is achived through glide fricativization or occlusivization, depending on the language or dialect taken into consideration. A special analysis is performed of labial palatalization and assibilation in the Bantu languages, Romanian dialects, and /Cl/ onset clusters in Romance, where those changes may have taken place once the alveolar lateral shifted to a palatal approximant. In so far as two independent articulators, i.e., lips and tongue, are involved in the production of the labial and labiodental sequences of interest, their diachronic development turns out to be far more complex than the palatalization and softening of velar and dentoalveolar obstruents.
2
Grogan, Kristin. "Listening to the Late Cantos." In Sounding Modernism, 164–78. Edinburgh University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474416368.003.0011.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter explores the sonic possibilities of the Chinese characters in Ezra Pound’s late cantos. Specifically it examines how Pound understood Chinese sound in his late career, and traces what he did with this new understanding in the late cantos. Despite Pound’s enthusiasm for Chinese sound, critics have tended to approach the characters as silent, static material forms, unable to be sounded by the reader, which are antithetical to the lyrical elements of the late cantos and obstruct the poem’s prosodic flow. Arguing against the understanding of the ideograms as merely ‘silent’ objects, this chapter traces how the characters both communicate with and shape the poem’s rhythm and prosody, and what this, in turn, means for Pound’s reader. In doing so, it examines the unstable but productive interchange between graphic and phonetic signification in the late cantos, between image and sound, and explores what a fuller understanding of Pound’s late rehabilitation of Chinese sound might mean for our understanding of the problematic final stages of Pound’s epic.
3
Kamboj, Sweta, Rohit Kamboj, Shikha Kamboj, Rohit Dutt, Reeva Chabbra, and Priyanka Kriplani. "Role of Anti-Viral Drugs in Combating SARS-CoV-2." In Biotechnology to Combat COVID-19 [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99599.
Full textAbstract:
Viruses are the eventual assertion of parasitism, they not only take nutriments from the host cell, apart from that they direct its metabolic machinery to amalgamate novel virus particle and to diminish the ability of flu viruses to reproduce in an individual antiviral drugs are used. When used as directed, antiviral drugs may help to lessen the duration of flu symptoms and may reduce the severity of common flu symptoms. Antiviral drugs are the class of drugs which comes under the antimicrobials, and that also accommodates the larger group i.e. of antibiotics. They are broad-spectrum in nature and can be effective against a wide range of viruses. They can be used as a single drug as well as in combination of drugs. Antiviral drugs are dissimilar from the antibiotics, they do not demolish their target pathogen ideally they obstruct development of pathogen. To the greatest extent antiviral drugs currently accessible are delineate to deal with herpes viruses, covid-19, HIV, the hepatitis b and c viruses herpes simplex, small pox, picornavirus and influenza a and b viruses etc. Scientists are searching to drag out the range of antiviral to the other families of pathogens. They mainly act by inhibiting the attachment of viruses on cells, prevent genetic reproduction of virus, prevent viral protein production and vital for production of virus. The emanation of antiviral is generally the outcome about an appreciably expanded skills or proficiency of the generative, microscopic and atomic activity of organisms, allowing biomedical analyst to acknowledge the structure, mechanism of action and activity of viruses, significant progress within the procedure for come across the current drugs. Coronavirus 2019 (COVID 19) is highly infectious disease triggered by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome) coronavirus 2 causing nearly 2.9 million deaths worldwide. With the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, the repurposing of antiviral drugs has come into picture.
Conference papers on the topic "Obstruent production"
1
Hu, Fang, Yungang Wu, Wen Xu, and Demin Han. "Articulatory strategies in obstruent production in Mandarin esophageal speech." In Interspeech 2012. ISCA: ISCA, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2012-24.
Full text
2
Lucero, Jorge C., Laura L. Koenig, and Susanne Fuchs. "Modeling source-tract interaction in speech production: voicing onset vs. vowel height after a voiceless obstruent." In Interspeech 2012. ISCA: ISCA, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2012-586.
Full text
3
Stewart, Rick, Jim Crawford, Tom Harper, and Larry Kirspel. "CoilTAC® Coil Thrust and Carry." In 2004 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2004-0158.
Full textAbstract:
In producing offshore oil and gas fields there is a need for maintaining flow assurance in the associated pipelines. Restricted and plugged pipelines result in loss of production which is loss of revenue. It is common for these pipelines to exceed the length that can be reached by conventional coiled tubing when cleaning obstructions becomes necessary. Paraffin, asphaltine’s, hydrates and sand are a few of the contaminants that can obstruct flow and cause plugging. Historically, pipeline intervention has been limited to conventional coiled tubing with a reach of only +/−5,000’. A typical maintenance practice involved “pigging” the pipeline with a poly foam pig to remove any obstruction. Under severe conditions multiple pigs with graduated ODs were used. The problem with the poly foam pig is that the flexibility allows it to be forced through a smaller ID, leaving the restriction in place. CoilTAC® (Coil Thrust and Carry), developed by Superior Energy Services, was designed specifically to extend the reach of conventional coiled tubing for pipeline intervention while negotiating a minimum 5D bend. The Thruster was designed for line sizes with internal diameters from 2.900” up. This Thruster system eliminates the compression force on the coiled tubing and has been proven to 14,800’, and it has the ability to exceed 50,000’. The Thruster utilizes a “mechanical intelligence” which is present into the thruster with takes into consideration applied force parameters prior to the cleanout procedure. The key factors are: working pressure of the pipeline, length of the pipeline and the length and size of the coiled tubing to be carried by the thruster. The forward motion of the thruster is initiated by annular pressure applied between the coiled tubing and the inside diameter of the pipeline. The pressure energizes the cups and moves the thruster forward. At a preset pressure, a check value opens inside the thruster allowing fluid to pass to the front of the tool and exit through a series of ports. This causes a washing/jetting action in front of the thruster as it moves down the pipeline. The debris that is removed from the pipeline is returned through the center of the thruster. Retrieving the thruster is accomplished by pumping down the center of the coiled tubing which applies pressure to the front of the tool to reverse the Thruster out of the pipeline. The returns during reverse thrusting are then taken on the coiled tubing/pipeline annulus. Pump pressure moves the thruster in and out of the pipeline not the coiled tubing injector, thus eliminating the helical buckling forces and extending the reach of the coiled tubing. Historically, paraffin-laden pipelines had to be abandoned and new lines laid at great expense to the operator — it was difficult to abandon subsea pipelines without complete removal. Now there is an option with the CoilTAC® system.